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was heated by two kanovye hearths. In extreme cold, the Ulch also used large metal braziers on three legs with burning coals. A characteristic feature of the Ulch winter dwelling is the presence of a "dog table", or uycheu - a low platform on which sled dogs were fed. Summer dwellings were of two types - quadrangular made of poles with gable roofs, covered with bark (daura) and pile letniki (gengga). While fishing, the Ulchi built small cylindrical homiran huts.
396:, on the main routes of the salmon returning to their spawning grounds. The traditional fishing equipment consisted of gear nets, rides, hook tackle, different types of stocks and the like. Each of them was used, depending on the season, weather conditions, water level in the river, fishing objects, and many other characteristics. Fish were caught both for daily consumption and for storage. The main method of preserving the catch was to make
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469:(69/160 = 43.1%), which is shared with Nivkhs, Koryaks, Evens, and Mongolians and is estimated to have a time to most recent common ancestor of approximately 6,000 (95% CI 3,300 <-> 8,800) years before present on the basis of complete genomes or approximately 1,800 (95% CI 800 <-> 2,900) years before present on the basis of synonymous positions. Another 20% of the present-day Ulchi population belongs to mitochondrial DNA
173:
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473:, which is significantly more diverse than their haplogroup Y1a mtDNA and can be resolved as follows: 12/160 = 7.5% D4o2, 4/160 = 2.5% D4h, 3/160 = 1.9% D4e4, 3/160 = 1.9% D4j, 2/160 = 1.25% D3, 2/160 = 1.25% D4c2, 1/160 = 0.6% D4a1, 1/160 = 0.6% D4b2b, 1/160 = 0.6% D4g2b, 1/160 = 0.6% D4m2, 1/160 = 0.6% D4o1, 1/160 = 0.6% D5a. Haplogroups
442:
with cotton or silk fabric. Winter hats looked like a hood with a top made of white dog kamuses and a fox trim around the face. In severe frosts, a devil's fur earmuffs were worn under such a hat. In the summer they used birch bark hats. Shoes were made of fish , deer and elk leather ( rovduga ), seal and sea lion leather.
481:(14/160 = 8.75%, including 12/160 = 7.5% G1b and 2/160 = 1.25% G2a1) are also well represented. The remainder of the Ulchi mitochondrial DNA pool consists of haplogroups N9b (7/160 = 4.4%), M8a (6/160 = 3.75%), F1a (5/160 = 3.1%), M7 (4/160 = 2.5%), M9a1 (1/160 = 0.6%), Z1 (1/160 = 0.6%), and B5b2 (1/160 = 0.6%).
369:, which is however not an ethno-linguistic group but a term applied to various ethnic groups of Siberia which do not belong to the bigger Northeast Asian populations (such as Turkic, Mongolic and Tungusic populations). Others classify them as one of the Tungusic peoples as their language belongs to the
384:
The Ulchi led a sedentary lifestyle in small villages of two to five houses. The villages had both winter and summer dwellings. The ancient winter dwelling, the "hagdu", was a ground frame structure made of pillars and logs with a gable roof without a ceiling, and an earthen or clay floor. The house
1148:
Siska, Veronika; Jones, Eppie Ruth; Jeon, Sungwon; Bhak, Youngjune; Kim, Hak-Min; Cho, Yun Sung; Kim, Hyunho; Lee, Kyusang; Veselovskaya, Elizaveta; Balueva, Tatiana; Gallego-Llorente, Marcos; Hofreiter, Michael; Bradley, Daniel G.; Eriksson, Anders; Pinhasi, Ron; Bhak, Jong; Manica, Andrea (2017).
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Gakuhari, Takashi; Nakagome, Shigeki; Rasmussen, Simon; Allentoft, Morten E.; Sato, Takehiro; Korneliussen, Thorfinn; Chuinneagáin, Blánaid Ní; Matsumae, Hiromi; Koganebuchi, Kae; Schmidt, Ryan; Mizushima, Souichiro; Kondo, Osamu; Shigehara, Nobuo; Yoneda, Minoru; Kimura, Ryosuke (25 August 2020).
441:
The upper summer clothing for men and women was kimono-cut cloth capchum robes with a left hem that was fastened on the right side. Ornaments on men's clothing were rare. Winter clothing was insulated (quilted on cotton wool). In winter, fur coats were also worn, cut like a robe and covered on top
567:) populations; and thus are suggested to represent the East Asian component of Native Americans. But there is evidence of gene flow from Central Asian and Far East populations over the past 1000 to 3000 years. 6.0% of modern Ulchi also share an ancestral component unique to a 2500-year-old
1037:
Sukernik, Rem I.; Volodko, Natalia V.; Mazunin, Ilya O.; Eltsov, Nikolai P.; Dryomov, Stanislav V.; Starikovskaya, Elena B. (2012). "Mitochondrial Genome
Diversity in the Tubalar, Even, and Ulchi: Contribution to Prehistory of Native Siberians and Their Affinities to Native Americans".
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69:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
496:(18/52 = 34.6%, including 9/52 = 17.3% C-M86/F12355(xB470, F13686), 4/52 = 7.7% C-F13686, 1/52 = 1.9% C-B470, and 4/52 = 7.7% C-B93(xGG_16645386), the last of which is a deeply divergent branch belonging to C-M48(xM86)),
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Siska, V; Jones, ER; Jeon, S; Bhak, Y; Kim, HM; Cho, YS; Kim, H; Lee, K; Veselovskaya, E; Balueva, T; Gallego-Llorente, M; Hofreiter, M; Bradley, DG; Eriksson, A; Pinhasi, R; Bhak, J; Manica, A (2017).
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http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/results/nationality_population/nationality_popul1/select_5/?botton=cens_db&box=5.1W&k_t=00&p=100&rz=1_1&rz_b=2_1%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20&n_page=5
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Hunting was of secondary importance, mostly fur animals, since furs were in great demand among traders. They mostly hunted
Siberian rabbit, squirrel, otter, fox, and most importantly, sable.
433:. Ungulates (elk, deer) were hunted all year round using crossbows. Hunting for sea animals also played a significant role in their economic life, and they caught seals and sea lions.
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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salmon. The needs of their catch largely determined the settlement pattern of the Ulchi - along the right bank of the main channel of the
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing
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Fishing is the main branch of their traditional economic complex. Their most important food source was the
1232:"Ancient Jomon genome sequence analysis sheds light on migration patterns of early East Asian populations"
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At the end of the 19th century, sable was already rare on the Amur, so they went on long expeditions to
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The traditional religion of the Ulchi, as well as of other peoples of the Amur region, is expressed by
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Settlement of Ulchi in the Far
Eastern Federal District by urban and rural settlements in%, 2010 census
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and were found to be very similar to ancient samples found in this region from about 8000 years ago.
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The first mention of the Ulchi is from the
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The Ulch people descend from the autochthonous
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Balanovska, E.V.; Bogunov, Y.V.; Kamenshikova, E.N.; Balaganskaya, O.A. (2018).
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Indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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342:. According to the 2010 census there were 2,765 Ulchs in Russia.
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1010:(illustrated, reprint ed.). Walter de Gruyter. p. 21.
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The Ulch language belongs to the southern (Amur) branch of the
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of the present-day Ulchi population belongs predominantly to
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488:(2018), present-day Ulchi males belong to Y-DNA haplogroups
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1208:"Demographic and Genetic Portraits of the Ulchi Population"
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Volume 15, Issue 4 of Trends in
Linguistics. Documentation
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The Ulch people are often classified as one of the ancient
1007:
Materials for the Study of
Tungusic Languages and Folklore
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539:("Devil's Gate") and are also genetically similar to an
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to this template: there are already 932 articles in the
1080:, 2018, Vol. 54, No. 10, pp. 1245–1253. ISSN 1022-7954.
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of the Ulchi are linked to 7,700 year old remains from
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The term "shaved-head people" was used to describe the
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E. V. Balanovska, Y. V. Bogunov, E. N. Kamenshikova,
981:"Ульчи оказались коренным народом со стажем 8000 лет"
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a machine-translated version of the
Russian article.
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597:, it contains relics of the ancient pre-Tungusic "
16:Indigenous ethnic group of Khabarovsk Krai, Russia
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104:accompanying your translation by providing an
49:Click for important translation instructions.
36:expand this article with text translated from
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314:known as Ulch. Over 90% of Ulchis live in
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1218:(10): 1245–1253 – via ResearchGate.
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1040:American Journal of Physical Anthropology
663:Learn how and when to remove this message
306:, nani) are an Indigenous people of the
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832:Russian Exploration •
500:(8/52 = 15.4%, including 6/52 = 11.5%
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850:Government-General of Eastern Siberia
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641:adding citations to reliable sources
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334:, but up from 2,494 recorded in the
165:Regions with significant populations
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815:Nurgan Regional Military Commission
484:According to a study by Balanovska
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589:. Along with the languages of the
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1004:Majewicz, Alfred F., ed. (2011).
948:Federal State Statistics Service
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425:and Tumnin, on the coast of the
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3205:Indigenous peoples of Siberia
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839:Sino-Russian border conflicts
891:Far Eastern Federal District
880:Soviet invasion of Manchuria
865:Siberian Regional Government
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338:, and 2,410 recorded in the
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1212:Russian Journal of Genetics
1078:Russian Journal of Genetics
886:Sino-Soviet border conflict
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86:will aid in categorization.
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709:Interior of a Mangun House
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3190:Ethnic groups in Russia
1307:Ethnic groups in Russia
792:Eastern Jin (1215–1234)
783:Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
410:, to the basins of the
125:For more guidance, see
116:{{Translated|ru|Ульчи}}
3172:indicate extinct group
1236:Communications Biology
1175:10.1126/sciadv.1601877
1117:10.1126/sciadv.1601877
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549:Ancient North Eurasian
457:According to Sukernik
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354:An Ulchi man and woman
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979:Русакова, Екатерина.
739:and southern part of
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367:Paleosiberian peoples
353:
271:
238:Related ethnic groups
160:2,913 (2002 estimate)
127:Knowledge:Translation
98:copyright attribution
2843:Unrecognized peoples
2329:Other ethnic peoples
1639:Amur-Ussuri Cossacks
870:Far Eastern Republic
677:Shamanism in Siberia
637:improve this section
537:Chertovy Vorota Cave
2918:Assimilated peoples
1534:Meadow-Eastern Mari
1167:2017SciA....3E1877S
1109:2017SciA....3E1877S
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533:population genetics
524:(1/52 = 1.9%), and
326:. According to the
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2965:Siberian Bukharans
2124:Aukhovite Chechens
2076:Siberian Bukharans
1402:Aukhovite Chechens
1052:10.1002/ajpa.22050
875:Far Eastern Oblast
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587:Tungusic languages
508:, and 1/52 = 1.9%
490:C-M217(xM48, M407)
371:Tungusic languages
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296:, obsolete ольчи;
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147:Alternative names:
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106:interlanguage link
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1945:
1927:
1889:
1855:
1831:
1824:
1742:
1735:
1721:
1714:
1707:
1700:
1691:
1674:
1660:
1651:
1646:Baikal Cossacks
1644:
1637:
1630:
1616:
1609:
1595:
1581:
1574:
1560:
1550:
1546:
1536:
1532:
1508:
1487:
1480:
1431:
1424:
1400:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1343:
1336:
1329:
1316:
1309:
1304:
1274:
1273:
1227:
1223:
1204:
1200:
1161:(2): e1601877.
1146:
1142:
1103:(2): e1601877.
1088:
1084:
1071:
1067:
1035:
1028:
1018:
1002:
998:
989:
987:
977:
973:
966:
962:
952:
950:
942:
941:
937:
932:
923:
741:Khabarovsk Krai
731:also including
722:History of the
679:
669:
658:
652:
649:
634:
618:
607:
583:
577:
528:(1/52 = 1.9%).
516:(3/52 = 5.8%),
455:
439:
418:
379:
348:
320:Khabarovsk Krai
190:
188:
172:
170:
148:
145:
141:
134:
133:
132:
115:
109:
83:
51:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3223:
3213:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3175:
3174:
3168:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3129:Haixi Jurchens
3112:
3092:
3084:
3076:
3068:
3060:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3003:
3002:
2995:
2988:
2980:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2921:
2919:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2874:Astrakhan Jews
2871:
2866:
2861:
2860:
2859:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2746:
2745:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2712:
2711:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2663:
2662:
2650:
2645:
2644:
2643:
2631:
2626:
2625:
2624:
2617:
2605:
2604:
2603:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2533:
2521:
2516:
2515:
2514:
2507:
2500:
2493:
2486:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2463:
2462:
2459:Siberian Finns
2455:
2452:Murmansk Finns
2448:
2436:
2435:
2434:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2332:
2330:
2326:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2316:Tver Karelians
2313:
2307:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2261:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2233:
2232:
2218:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2110:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2065:
2058:
2051:
2039:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2020:
2015:
2009:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1951:
1950:
1937:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1899:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1829:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1756:
1754:
1745:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1719:
1712:
1705:
1686:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1667:
1666:
1665:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1653:Kuban Cossacks
1649:
1642:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1614:
1602:
1601:
1600:
1588:
1587:
1586:
1579:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1558:
1544:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1441:Crimean Tatars
1438:
1437:
1436:
1429:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1377:
1376:
1369:
1362:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1341:
1334:
1321:
1319:
1311:
1310:
1303:
1302:
1295:
1288:
1280:
1272:
1271:
1221:
1198:
1140:
1082:
1065:
1046:(1): 123–138.
1026:
1017:978-3110221053
1016:
996:
971:
960:
934:
933:
931:
928:
925:
924:
922:
921:
914:
907:
899:
896:
895:
894:
893:
888:
883:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
836:
830:
817:
812:
806:Yeren Jurchens
803:
794:
789:
780:
771:
766:
761:
752:
744:
743:
728:
727:
671:
670:
653:September 2022
621:
619:
612:
606:
603:
579:Main article:
576:
573:
565:Middle Eastern
563:(European and
504:, 1/52 = 1.9%
467:haplogroup Y1a
454:
451:
438:
435:
378:
375:
360:Northeast Asia
347:
344:
310:, who speak a
264:
263:
240:
239:
235:
234:
224:
223:
219:
218:
208:
207:
203:
202:
199:
185:
184:
181:
167:
166:
162:
161:
157:
156:
139:
136:
135:
131:
130:
123:
112:
90:
87:
75:adding a topic
70:
59:
52:
33:
32:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3222:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3171:
3166:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3133:Wild Jurchens
3130:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3117:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3097:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3085:
3082:
3081:
3077:
3074:
3073:
3069:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3008:
3001:
2996:
2994:
2989:
2987:
2982:
2981:
2978:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2916:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2899:Pontic Greeks
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2857:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2787:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2709:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2692:Mountain Jews
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2622:
2618:
2615:
2614:North Koreans
2611:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2601:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2552:
2548:
2547:
2546:
2543:
2538:
2537:Volga Germans
2534:
2531:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2519:Georgian Jews
2517:
2512:
2508:
2505:
2501:
2498:
2494:
2491:
2487:
2484:
2480:
2479:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2460:
2456:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2445:Ingrian Finns
2442:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2400:Bukharan Jews
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2363:
2359:
2358:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2300:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2228:
2223:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2103:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2084:
2080:
2077:
2073:
2070:
2069:Kalmak Tatars
2066:
2063:
2062:Eushta Tatars
2059:
2056:
2052:
2049:
2048:Baraba Tatars
2045:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2030:
2026:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1948:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1858:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1738:
1732:
1729:
1724:
1720:
1717:
1716:Mishar Tatars
1713:
1710:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1677:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1668:
1663:
1659:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1624:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1606:
1603:
1598:
1594:
1593:
1592:
1589:
1584:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1563:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1548:Mountain Mari
1545:
1540:
1535:
1531:
1530:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1511:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1490:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1403:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1346:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1332:
1328:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1317:nationalities
1312:
1308:
1301:
1296:
1294:
1289:
1287:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1225:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1202:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1144:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1086:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1033:
1031:
1023:
1019:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1000:
986:
982:
975:
969:
964:
949:
945:
939:
935:
920:
915:
913:
908:
906:
901:
900:
898:
897:
892:
889:
887:
884:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
840:
837:
835:
831:
829:
825:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
810:Solon Khanate
807:
804:
802:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
784:
781:
779:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
756:
753:
751:
748:
747:
746:
745:
742:
738:
734:
730:
729:
725:
721:
720:
715:ca. 1854-1860
714:
713:Richard Maack
711:, drawing by
710:
706:
702:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
678:
667:
664:
656:
646:
642:
638:
632:
631:
627:
622:This section
620:
616:
611:
610:
602:
600:
596:
592:
588:
582:
581:Ulch language
572:
570:
566:
562:
561:West Eurasian
558:
554:
553:Central Asian
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
514:Q-M242(xM120)
511:
507:
503:
502:O-M122(xP201)
499:
495:
491:
487:
482:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
450:
448:
443:
434:
432:
428:
422:
417:
413:
409:
404:
401:
399:
395:
391:
386:
382:
374:
372:
368:
363:
361:
352:
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
299:
291:
287:
283:
279:
270:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
236:
233:
229:
225:
220:
217:
213:
209:
204:
200:
198:
186:
182:
180:
168:
163:
158:
153:
128:
124:
121:
113:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
88:
81:
80:main category
77:
76:
71:
68:
64:
60:
57:
54:
53:
47:
41:
39:
34:You can help
30:
21:
20:
3169:
3153:
3114:
3106:
3102:Heishui Mohe
3100:
3094:
3086:
3078:
3070:
3062:
3042:
2687:Montenegrins
2375:Azerbaijanis
2204:Azerbaijanis
1994:
1689:Volga Tatars
1676:Tozhu Tuvans
1518:Komi-Permyak
1239:
1235:
1224:
1215:
1211:
1201:
1158:
1154:
1143:
1100:
1096:
1085:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1043:
1039:
1021:
1006:
999:
988:. Retrieved
984:
974:
963:
951:. Retrieved
938:
820:Qing dynasty
797:Yuan dynasty
774:Liao dynasty
733:Heilongjiang
708:
695:Nivkh people
680:
659:
650:
635:Please help
623:
591:Nanai people
584:
571:individual.
530:
526:J–M267(xP58)
485:
483:
471:haplogroup D
461:(2012), the
458:
456:
447:Nanai people
444:
440:
427:Tatar Strait
405:
402:
387:
383:
380:
364:
357:
285:
281:
277:
275:
140:Ethnic group
102:edit summary
93:
73:
43:
35:
3119:(including
2869:Armeno-Tats
2786:Ural Swedes
2672:Macedonians
2667:Lithuanians
2504:Mingrelians
2380:Belarusians
2362:Cherkesogai
2225: [
2055:Chat Tatars
1551: [
1537: [
841:(1652–1689)
737:Amur Oblast
699:Ainu people
557:South Asian
419: [
416:Gorin River
340:1970 census
336:1979 census
332:1989 census
328:2002 census
278:Ulch people
3184:Categories
2829:Vietnamese
2814:Ukrainians
2742:Ruska Roma
2716:Pakistanis
2702:Norwegians
2659:Latgalians
2569:Hungarians
2530:Mennonites
2395:Bulgarians
2278:Tabasarans
1795:Kamchadals
1741:Indigenous
1510:Izhma Komi
1456:Kabardians
1242:(1): 437.
990:2020-12-05
930:References
675:See also:
541:East Asian
390:anadromous
45:(May 2009)
40:in Russian
3108:Sumo Mohe
2960:Pumpokols
2955:Meshchera
2775:Spaniards
2750:Romanians
2682:Moldovans
2629:Krymchaks
2564:Hamshenis
2483:Adjarians
2477:Georgians
2425:Estonians
2370:Assyrians
2356:Armenians
2346:Americans
2311:Besermyan
2222:Kubachins
2164:Chamalals
2149:Bagvalals
2018:Kumandins
1947:Hamnigans
1903:Izhorians
1895:Northwest
1865:Nganasans
1857:Khandeyar
1752:Far North
1723:Nağaybäks
1709:Kryashens
1605:Ossetians
1597:Khandeyar
1471:Karelians
1466:Karachays
1366:Telengits
1338:Natukhajs
985:nplus1.ru
953:31 August
845:Nerchinsk
724:Priamurye
687:shamanism
624:does not
377:Lifestyle
228:Shamanism
206:Languages
120:talk page
72:Consider
3116:Jurchens
3038:Negidals
2909:Sireniki
2850:Africans
2799:Turkmens
2770:Slovenes
2726:Persians
2653:Latvians
2584:Japanese
2579:Italians
2385:Bosniaks
2293:Tsakhurs
2265:Karagash
2258:Ak Nogai
2189:Khwarshi
2169:Godoberi
2159:Botlikhs
2134:Akhvakhs
2106:Dagestan
2096:Tofalars
2013:Kamasins
1965:Negidals
1933:Far East
1918:Vepsians
1880:Yukaghir
1820:Alyutors
1790:Itelmens
1765:Chukchis
1632:Cossacks
1626:Russians
1570:Mordvins
1426:Besleney
1420:Cherkess
1396:Chechens
1386:Bashkirs
1373:Tubalars
1359:Chelkans
1353:Altaians
1345:Shapsugs
1331:Bzhedugs
1266:32843717
1193:28164156
1135:28164156
1060:22487888
834:Negidals
605:Religion
593:and the
575:Language
453:Genetics
437:Clothing
431:Hokkaido
408:Sakhalin
252:Negidals
222:Religion
96:provide
3170:Italics
3139:Manchus
3044:Duchers
3033:Oroqens
2925:Agrzhan
2904:Qaratay
2894:Korlaks
2834:Yazidis
2824:Uyghurs
2765:Slovaks
2721:Pamiris
2640:Kurmanj
2608:Koreans
2594:Kazakhs
2574:Indians
2524:Germans
2490:Ingiloy
2420:Dungans
2390:Britons
2341:Afghans
2247:Lezgins
2215:Kaitags
2209:Dargins
2184:Karatas
2179:Hunzibs
2174:Hinukhs
2154:Bezhtas
2114:Abazins
2091:Teleuts
2005:Siberia
1923:Votians
1870:Selkups
1815:Koryaks
1780:Dolgans
1775:Chuvans
1770:Chulyms
1743:peoples
1684:Udmurts
1576:Mokshas
1489:Abugach
1482:Koibals
1461:Kalmyks
1415:Chuvash
1410:Chukchi
1391:Buryats
1381:Balkars
1315:Titular
1257:7447786
1184:5287702
1163:Bibcode
1126:5287702
1105:Bibcode
1097:Sci Adv
683:animism
645:removed
630:sources
429:and on
346:History
290:Russian
216:Russian
197:Ukraine
118:to the
100:in the
42:.
3149:Nanais
3088:Shiwei
3064:Sushen
3055:Orochs
3050:Udeges
3028:Solons
3023:Evenks
2945:Muroma
2879:Buzava
2819:Uzbeks
2794:Tajiks
2780:Swedes
2755:Rusyns
2648:Kyrgyz
2545:Greeks
2472:Gagauz
2467:French
2415:Czechs
2410:Cubans
2336:Abkhaz
2283:Talysh
2273:Rutuls
2252:Nogais
2237:Kumyks
2194:Tindis
2144:Archis
2119:Aghuls
2037:Soyots
1975:Orochs
1970:Nivkhs
1941:Evenks
1885:Yupiks
1851:Nenets
1846:Naukan
1833:Karaga
1810:Khanty
1800:Kereks
1760:Aleuts
1731:Yakuts
1694:Tatars
1670:Tuvans
1662:Pomors
1611:Digors
1591:Nenets
1583:Erzyas
1499:Khanty
1476:Khakas
1451:Ingush
1433:Ademey
1325:Adyghe
1264:
1254:
1191:
1181:
1133:
1123:
1074:et al.
1058:
1014:
882:(1945)
824:Nanais
801:Evenks
769:Khitan
764:Balhae
759:Shiwei
750:Sushen
726:region
599:Amuric
559:, and
518:N-M231
506:O-M119
498:O-M175
486:et al.
459:et al.
398:yukola
324:Russia
248:Evenki
194:
179:Russia
176:
3159:Oroks
3154:Ulchs
3144:Sibes
3111:etc.)
3096:Mohes
3072:Yilou
3018:Evens
2950:Merya
2940:Kotts
2930:Asans
2864:Ainus
2804:Turks
2760:Serbs
2731:Poles
2697:Mugat
2634:Kurds
2551:Urums
2511:Svans
2439:Finns
2431:Setos
2351:Arabs
2303:Other
2229:]
2139:Andis
2129:Avars
2023:Shors
1995:Ulchs
1990:Udege
1980:Oroks
1960:Nanai
1955:Evens
1913:Setos
1875:Yughs
1841:Mansi
1826:Apuka
1785:Enets
1618:Irons
1555:]
1541:]
1523:Mansi
855:Aigun
828:Ulchs
787:Nivkh
778:Daurs
595:Oroks
569:Jōmon
522:I-P37
510:O-P31
494:C-M48
423:]
412:Amgun
294:ульчи
286:Ulchi
260:Udege
256:Nanai
183:2,472
144:Ulchs
63:DeepL
3080:Wuji
2935:Chud
2809:Udis
2736:Roma
2589:Jews
2288:Tats
2242:Laks
2199:Tsez
1908:Sámi
1805:Kets
1692:(as
1528:Mari
1504:Komi
1262:PMID
1189:PMID
1131:PMID
1056:PMID
1012:ISBN
955:2024
755:Mohe
697:and
685:and
628:any
626:cite
531:The
394:Amur
303:нани
298:Ulch
282:Ulch
276:The
244:Orok
212:Ulch
94:must
92:You
56:View
3059:Taz
2559:Han
2497:Laz
2029:Aba
1985:Taz
1252:PMC
1244:doi
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