57:
46:
180:
3278:
3288:
27:
165:
The Union
Leagues still do support the Republican Party despite the changes in party ideology over the years. In 2023, there was a controversy in the New York City Union League about whether to put a picture of Donald Trump on the wall of their Union Hall; the NYC Union League had a picture of every
124:
At the same time as these elite clubs were formed, Union
Leagues sprang-up throughout the rest of the North, created primarily by working-class men, while women's organizations known as Ladies Union Leagues appeared in towns across the North. In the spring of 1863 these separate, though (mostly)
166:
previous
Republican president. The pro-Trump and anti-Trump Republicans in the NYC Union League ultimately compromised by putting up a picture of Trump that was hidden behind a couch. Many Union Leagues preferred other candidates such as
170:
to Trump in the 2024 Republican primaries. The
Philadelphia Union League bestowed their highest honor on DeSantis, which caused a small protest by NAACP members and other civil rights supporters outside of the Union League building.
149:
By the end of 1867 it seemed that virtually every black voter in the South had enrolled in the Union League, the Loyal League, or some equivalent local political organization. Meetings were generally held in a black church or
565:
Owens, Susie Lee, “The Union League of
America: political activities in Tennessee, the Carolinas, and Virginia, 1865–1870” (PhD dissertation,   New York University; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1943. 7318079).
209:
Some former Union League buildings have been adapted for other uses. In
Brooklyn, New York, the former Union League Club building now serves as a senior citizens' home. The former Union League building in
548:
Gibson, Guy James. “Lincoln's League: the Union League movement during the Civil War" (PhD dissertation,  University of
Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1957. 00252270.
137:, Union Leagues were formed across the South after 1867 as working auxiliaries of the Republican Party, supported entirely by Northern interests. They were secret organizations that mobilized
117:
The largest and best known of these clubs formed in
Philadelphia, New York, and Boston, were composed of prosperous men who raised money for war-related service organizations such as the
2936:
3255:
3082:
797:
542:
106:(1809–1865, served 1861–1865) and to assure his reelection in 1864, and to combat what they believed to be the treasonous words and actions of anti-war, anti-black
2765:
83:, the first of the elite eastern Leagues and the second oldest ULA council member, was established (and is still active today, as are the Union League Clubs of
2220:
2215:
2225:
141:
to register to vote and to vote
Republican. They taught freedmen Union views on political issues and which way to vote on them, and promoted civic projects.
2986:
2875:
2860:
704:
3327:
3322:
2652:
2572:
1100:
75:(1861–1865). The oldest Union League of America council member, an organization originally called "The League of Union Men", was formed in June 1862 in
834:
3317:
3312:
2680:
516:
1095:
2870:
2845:
2647:
2555:
1105:
839:
2697:
2340:
1729:
1608:
582:
Tremel, Andrew T. (Winter 2013) "The Union League, Black
Leaders, and the Recruitment of Philadelphia's African American Civil War Regiments,"
121:, which provided medical care to treat Federal soldiers wounded in battle at a time when the military was ill-prepared for the scale of need.
3224:
2582:
2335:
2330:
1756:
436:
1588:
658:
3145:
2675:
1724:
1483:
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382:
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3102:
3087:
1518:
1134:
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2463:
2392:
1090:
1085:
354:
3006:
2941:
1643:
1618:
854:
829:
779:
759:
3209:
3184:
2900:
2597:
2493:
2345:
1678:
1558:
769:
1568:
3150:
2895:
1638:
1633:
1308:
1478:
511:
Bahde, Thomas. " 'Our Cause Is a Common One': Home Guards, Union Leagues, and Republican Citizenship in Illinois, 1861–1863."
2722:
1714:
1709:
1573:
1473:
724:
260:
2981:
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1673:
1603:
1463:
1037:
125:
philosophically aligned groups, were organized under the Union League of America (ULA), headquartered in Washington, D.C.
2971:
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2320:
1683:
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1598:
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1468:
1453:
1388:
1265:
714:
255:
455:
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3117:
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1699:
1663:
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1523:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1448:
879:
871:
749:
693:
325:
298:
118:
609:
The Great Questions of the Times: The Great Mass Meeting of the League and Other Loyalists at Union Square, New York
1628:
1593:
1533:
1488:
651:
111:
3194:
3179:
3061:
3021:
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2905:
2890:
2885:
2717:
2622:
1653:
1548:
1508:
1229:
1065:
607:
3219:
2538:
2302:
1658:
1623:
1528:
1234:
764:
2577:
2498:
2315:
1781:
1239:
1047:
245:
191:
162:
which opposed civil rights and terrorized black voters, sometimes assassinated leaders of the Union Leagues.
84:
49:
2850:
2592:
2382:
2357:
2069:
1144:
849:
789:
250:
240:
235:
219:
88:
80:
30:
601:
Documentary History of Reconstruction: Political, Military, Social, Religious, Educational, and Industrial
342:
A Nation under Our Feet: Black Political Struggles in the Rural South, from Slavery to the Great Migration
3281:
3029:
2780:
2617:
2607:
2602:
2560:
1984:
1283:
734:
644:
71:
were quasi-secretive men's clubs established separately, starting in 1862, and continuing throughout the
551:
Lawson, Melinda (2002) "The Civil War Union Leagues and the Construction of a New National Patriotism",
3172:
2760:
2587:
2470:
2448:
2377:
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1353:
1154:
1032:
1014:
195:
95:
577:"The Most Complete Political Machine Ever Known": The North's Union Leagues in the American Civil War.
471:
3291:
3204:
3160:
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2748:
2550:
2523:
2503:
2404:
2210:
2115:
1413:
1328:
1244:
894:
819:
368:
3167:
3051:
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2830:
2528:
2513:
2094:
1378:
1343:
1278:
1219:
1214:
944:
523:
The Union League Movement in the Deep South: Politics and Agricultural Change During Reconstruction
396:
99:
431:
3155:
2775:
2743:
2738:
2436:
2409:
1801:
1298:
1288:
1060:
1055:
909:
114:, supporting the reelection of Abraham Lincoln, but were also supportive of pro-Union Democrats.
110:. Though initially nonpartisan, by the election year of 1864 they were in open alliance with the
194:
broadened their support of other philanthropic purposes. For instance, they helped to found the
3140:
2840:
2414:
2004:
1841:
1816:
1348:
1249:
1164:
904:
813:
211:
184:
38:
286:
56:
3056:
2956:
2770:
2419:
2372:
2282:
2250:
1957:
1947:
1393:
1383:
1368:
1318:
1273:
929:
914:
807:
411:
315:
107:
587:
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3066:
3039:
2508:
2287:
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1927:
1423:
1408:
1403:
1373:
1358:
1338:
956:
860:
744:
532:
395:
John K. Howat, "Founding friends – of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York",
8:
3199:
2991:
2880:
2754:
2399:
2352:
2099:
2059:
2044:
1937:
1786:
1458:
1418:
1293:
1254:
1224:
1179:
1139:
739:
729:
317:
Fenians, Freedmen, and Southern Whites: Race and Nationality in the Era of Reconstruction
3045:
2915:
2441:
2426:
2307:
2265:
2237:
2074:
2039:
1886:
1846:
1363:
1333:
1323:
1199:
1194:
1174:
1169:
1149:
899:
802:
719:
667:
134:
72:
2019:
222:
raised contributions to found the Union League Civic and Arts Foundation as a public,
3287:
2543:
2145:
2079:
2014:
1917:
1836:
1796:
1398:
1204:
1159:
774:
526:
355:"Exclusive | Union League Club divided over honoring Donald Trump with portrait"
321:
294:
199:
159:
20:
2155:
2024:
1994:
1989:
1922:
1861:
1856:
1811:
1313:
1303:
1209:
1189:
1184:
934:
924:
884:
3229:
2518:
2367:
2260:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2120:
2089:
1999:
1942:
1932:
1891:
919:
889:
709:
459:
440:
418:
203:
103:
76:
61:
472:"Historic Buildings of Connecticut : Union League Club of New Haven (1902)"
2297:
2245:
2084:
2049:
2009:
1901:
1881:
1876:
1831:
1110:
951:
939:
223:
45:
3306:
2565:
2165:
2160:
2150:
2125:
2034:
2029:
1871:
1866:
1851:
1821:
1791:
1129:
754:
226:
charitable, educational organization, whose mission is community enrichment.
215:
179:
3034:
3011:
2996:
2533:
2475:
2387:
2362:
2275:
2255:
2054:
1952:
452:
167:
155:
34:
1806:
844:
824:
560:
Patriot Fires: Forging a New American Nationalism in the Civil War North
3189:
2064:
1826:
1027:
1022:
142:
2453:
636:
2458:
138:
626:
3256:
List of films and television shows about the American Civil War
496:
369:"The Union League honors Ron DeSantis: Why should Philly care?"
621:
41:
architecture mansion with a mansard roof, constructed in 1865.
26:
94:
The Union Leagues were established to promote loyalty to the
978:
543:
Reconstruction: America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863-1877
102:, to support the policies of newly elected 16th President
570:
Rally Round the Flag: The Union Leagues in the Civil War
631:
383:"Protest at the Union League for Awarding Ron DeSantis"
606:
Loyal National League of the State of New York (1863)
183:
Beaux-Arts building formerly the Union League club of
218:home is now a restaurant. In 1949, members of the
287:"Black Reconstruction Leaders at the Grass Roots"
3304:
2942:Confederate States presidential election of 1861
430:"Landmark Architecture of Crown Heights North",
79:. Four months later, on November 22, 1862, the
19:For the 1884 professional baseball league, see
2766:Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S.
652:
313:
293:. University of Illinois Press. p. 221.
289:. In Litwack, Leon F.; Meier, August (eds.).
16:Pro-Union club during the American Civil War
33:building on Broad Street in Center City of
3328:Working-class culture in the United States
3323:New York (state) in the American Civil War
659:
645:
525:(Louisiana State University Press, 1989.)
174:
3318:Clubs and societies in the United States
3313:1879 establishments in the United States
855:Treatment of slaves in the United States
214:, built on the site of founding father,
178:
55:
44:
25:
2598:Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War
770:South Carolina Declaration of Secession
572:(Historical Society of Michigan, 1966).
534:Civil War and Reconstruction in Alabama
291:Black Leaders of the Nineteenth Century
3305:
2583:Modern display of the Confederate flag
666:
497:Union League Civic and Arts Foundation
2801:
2190:
1754:
977:
780:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
678:
640:
284:
190:After the Civil War, members of the
2937:Committee on the Conduct of the War
2613:United Daughters of the Confederacy
562:((University Press of Kansas, 2002)
13:
3007:U.S. Presidential Election of 1864
2802:
2346:impeachment managers investigation
725:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
593:
579:Kent, Oh.: Kent State Univ. Press.
505:
261:List of American gentlemen's clubs
256:Union League Golf and Country Club
14:
3339:
2432:Reconstruction military districts
880:Abolitionism in the United States
835:Plantations in the American South
750:Origins of the American Civil War
627:The Union League Club of New York
615:
198:, and funded construction of the
119:United States Sanitary Commission
3286:
3277:
3276:
2415:Enforcement Act of February 1871
2388:Pulaski (Tennessee) riot of 1867
632:The Union League Club of Chicago
622:The Union League of Philadelphia
599:Fleming, Walter L. (ed.) (1906)
537:, New York: Macmillan, pp 553–59
3200:New York City Gold Hoax of 1864
3062:When Johnny Comes Marching Home
2623:Wilmington insurrection of 1898
490:
464:
446:
2303:Southern Homestead Act of 1866
424:
404:
389:
375:
361:
347:
334:
307:
278:
1:
2718:Ladies' Memorial Associations
2420:Enforcement Act of April 1871
2316:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
2191:
266:
246:Union League Club of New York
192:Union League Club of New York
50:Union League Club of New York
2851:Confederate revolving cannon
2593:Sons of Confederate Veterans
2464:South Carolina riots of 1876
2442:Indian Council at Fort Smith
2393:South Carolina riots of 1876
2358:Knights of the White Camelia
850:Slavery in the United States
251:Union League of America Hall
241:Union League Club of Chicago
236:Union League of Philadelphia
220:Union League Club of Chicago
81:Union League of Philadelphia
31:Union League of Philadelphia
7:
3205:New York City riots of 1863
3030:Battle Hymn of the Republic
2781:United Confederate Veterans
2618:Children of the Confederacy
2608:United Confederate Veterans
2603:Southern Historical Society
1755:
1235:Price's Missouri Expedition
705:Timeline leading to the War
679:
229:
10:
3344:
3173:Confederate Secret Service
2761:Grand Army of the Republic
2653:Grand Army of the Republic
2471:Southern Claims Commission
531:Fleming, Walter L. (1905)
196:Metropolitan Museum of Art
128:
18:
3272:
3248:
3161:Confederate States dollar
3133:
3075:
3020:
2972:Habeas Corpus Act of 1863
2967:Emancipation Proclamation
2929:
2861:Medal of Honor recipients
2818:
2814:
2797:
2749:Confederate Memorial Hall
2731:
2710:
2668:
2640:
2631:
2551:Confederate Memorial Hall
2524:Confederate History Month
2504:Civil War Discovery Trail
2484:
2405:Habeas Corpus Act of 1867
2236:
2211:Reconstruction Amendments
2201:
2197:
2186:
2108:
1977:
1970:
1910:
1774:
1767:
1763:
1750:
1692:
1439:
1432:
1263:
1119:
1078:
1046:
1013:
1006:
1002:
973:
870:
820:Emancipation Proclamation
788:
689:
685:
674:
458:February 1, 2011, at the
453:Union League Cafe website
412:Statue of Liberty website
320:. LSU Press. p. 61.
3235:U.S. Sanitary Commission
3146:Battlefield preservation
3052:Marching Through Georgia
2977:Hampton Roads Conference
2952:Confiscation Act of 1862
2947:Confiscation Act of 1861
2723:U.S. national cemeteries
2529:Confederate Memorial Day
2514:Civil War Trails Program
2383:New Orleans riot of 1866
476:historicbuildingsct.com/
417:August 31, 2006, at the
100:United States of America
3156:Confederate war finance
2776:Southern Cross of Honor
2744:1938 Gettysburg reunion
2739:1913 Gettysburg reunion
2437:Reconstruction Treaties
2410:Enforcement Act of 1870
2293:Freedman's Savings Bank
910:Lane Debates on Slavery
735:Lincoln–Douglas debates
586:80#1, pp. 13–36.
521:Fitzgerald, Michael W.
175:Philanthropic endeavors
3215:Richmond riots of 1863
3141:Baltimore riot of 1861
2921:U.S. Military Railroad
2841:Confederate Home Guard
2573:Historiographic issues
2539:Historical reenactment
1038:Revenue Cutter Service
905:William Lloyd Garrison
814:Dred Scott v. Sandford
568:Silvestro, Clement M.
410:National Park Service
314:Mitchell Snay (2010).
212:New Haven, Connecticut
187:
185:New Haven, Connecticut
158:; a secret society of
152:
108:"Copperhead" Democrats
64:
53:
42:
3180:Great Revival of 1863
3057:Maryland, My Maryland
2846:Confederate railroads
2509:Civil War Roundtables
2378:Meridian riot of 1871
2373:Memphis riots of 1866
930:George Luther Stearns
915:Elijah Parish Lovejoy
808:Crittenden Compromise
584:Pennsylvania History,
401:, January 2000 issue.
398:The Magazine Antiques
182:
147:
60:Historical plaque in
59:
48:
29:
3067:Daar kom die Alibama
2982:National Union Party
2658:memorials to Lincoln
2578:Lost Cause mythology
2283:Eufaula riot of 1874
2271:Confederate refugees
1484:District of Columbia
1111:Union naval blockade
957:Underground Railroad
745:Nullification crisis
575:Taylor, Paul (2018)
555:48#4 pp. 338+.
515:56.1 (2010): 66–98.
344:(2003). pp. 165–205.
285:Foner, Eric (1991).
3225:Supreme Court cases
2992:Radical Republicans
2771:Old soldiers' homes
2755:Confederate Veteran
2681:artworks in Capitol
2400:Reconstruction acts
2261:Colfax riot of 1873
1225:Richmond-Petersburg
830:Fugitive slave laws
760:Popular sovereignty
740:Missouri Compromise
730:Kansas-Nebraska Act
540:Foner, Eric (1988)
52:, established 1863.
3046:A Lincoln Portrait
2987:Politicians killed
2911:U.S. Balloon Corps
2906:Union corps badges
2686:memorials to Davis
2556:Disenfranchisement
2427:Reconstruction era
2308:Timber Culture Act
2266:Compromise of 1877
1230:Franklin–Nashville
900:Frederick Douglass
803:Cornerstone Speech
720:Compromise of 1850
668:American Civil War
439:2006-08-21 at the
371:. 24 January 2023.
188:
160:white supremacists
135:Reconstruction era
65:
54:
43:
3300:
3299:
3268:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3098:Italian Americans
3083:African Americans
3040:John Brown's Body
2793:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2706:
2705:
2544:Robert E. Lee Day
2288:Freedmen's Bureau
2251:Brooks–Baxter War
2182:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2174:
2173:
1966:
1965:
1746:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1155:Northern Virginia
1101:Trans-Mississippi
1074:
1073:
969:
968:
965:
964:
861:Uncle Tom's Cabin
798:African Americans
558:Lawson, Melinda.
553:Civil War History
513:Civil War History
478:. 26 January 2010
200:Statue of Liberty
21:Union Association
3335:
3290:
3280:
3279:
3103:Native Americans
3088:German Americans
2881:Partisan rangers
2876:Official Records
2816:
2815:
2799:
2798:
2691:memorials to Lee
2638:
2637:
2199:
2198:
2188:
2187:
1975:
1974:
1772:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1752:
1751:
1725:Washington, D.C.
1519:Indian Territory
1479:Dakota Territory
1437:
1436:
1354:Chancellorsville
1145:Jackson's Valley
1135:Blockade runners
1011:
1010:
1004:
1003:
975:
974:
935:Thaddeus Stevens
925:Lysander Spooner
885:Susan B. Anthony
687:
686:
676:
675:
661:
654:
647:
638:
637:
499:
494:
488:
487:
485:
483:
468:
462:
450:
444:
443:, July 20, 2006.
428:
422:
408:
402:
393:
387:
386:
379:
373:
372:
365:
359:
358:
351:
345:
338:
332:
331:
311:
305:
304:
282:
202:'s pedestal and
112:Republican Party
3343:
3342:
3338:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3260:
3244:
3129:
3093:Irish Americans
3071:
3016:
2925:
2916:U.S. Home Guard
2856:Field artillery
2810:
2809:
2785:
2727:
2702:
2664:
2633:
2627:
2519:Civil War Trust
2486:
2480:
2368:Ethnic violence
2353:Kirk–Holden war
2232:
2193:
2170:
2104:
1962:
1906:
1759:
1734:
1688:
1441:
1428:
1259:
1240:Sherman's March
1220:Bermuda Hundred
1115:
1070:
1042:
998:
997:
961:
920:J. Sella Martin
890:James G. Birney
866:
784:
710:Bleeding Kansas
698:
681:
670:
665:
618:
596:
594:Primary sources
508:
506:Further reading
503:
502:
495:
491:
481:
479:
470:
469:
465:
460:Wayback Machine
451:
447:
441:Wayback Machine
429:
425:
419:Wayback Machine
409:
405:
394:
390:
381:
380:
376:
367:
366:
362:
353:
352:
348:
339:
335:
328:
312:
308:
301:
283:
279:
269:
232:
216:Roger Sherman's
177:
131:
104:Abraham Lincoln
77:Pekin, Illinois
62:Pekin, Illinois
39:Victorian style
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3341:
3331:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3284:
3273:
3270:
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3266:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3252:
3250:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3242:
3240:Women soldiers
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3195:Naming the war
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3176:
3175:
3165:
3164:
3163:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3079:
3077:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3026:
3024:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2831:Campaign Medal
2828:
2822:
2820:
2812:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2806:Related topics
2803:
2795:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2735:
2733:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2720:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2694:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2660:
2655:
2644:
2642:
2635:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2553:
2548:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2534:Decoration Day
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2490:
2488:
2487:Reconstruction
2482:
2481:
2479:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2467:
2466:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2397:
2396:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2349:
2348:
2343:
2341:second inquiry
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2313:
2312:
2311:
2305:
2298:Homestead Acts
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2246:Alabama Claims
2242:
2240:
2238:Reconstruction
2234:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2228:
2226:15th Amendment
2223:
2221:14th Amendment
2218:
2216:13th Amendment
2207:
2205:
2195:
2194:
2184:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1981:
1979:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1847:J. E. Johnston
1844:
1842:A. S. Johnston
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1782:R. H. Anderson
1778:
1776:
1769:
1761:
1760:
1748:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1696:
1694:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1644:South Carolina
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1619:North Carolina
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1445:
1443:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1344:Fredericksburg
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1284:Wilson's Creek
1281:
1276:
1270:
1268:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1126:
1124:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1096:Lower Seaboard
1093:
1088:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1052:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1019:
1017:
1008:
1000:
999:
996:
995:
992:
989:
986:
983:
979:
971:
970:
967:
966:
963:
962:
960:
959:
954:
952:Harriet Tubman
949:
948:
947:
940:Charles Sumner
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
876:
874:
868:
867:
865:
864:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
810:
805:
800:
794:
792:
786:
785:
783:
782:
777:
775:States' rights
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
701:
699:
697:
696:
690:
683:
682:
672:
671:
664:
663:
656:
649:
641:
635:
634:
629:
624:
617:
616:External links
614:
613:
612:
604:
603:vol 2 pp 1–29.
595:
592:
591:
590:
580:
573:
566:
563:
556:
549:
546:
538:
529:
519:
507:
504:
501:
500:
489:
463:
445:
423:
403:
388:
374:
360:
357:. 12 May 2023.
346:
333:
326:
306:
299:
276:
275:
268:
265:
264:
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
231:
228:
224:not-for-profit
176:
173:
130:
127:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3340:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3283:
3275:
3274:
3271:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3247:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3210:Photographers
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3185:Gender issues
3183:
3181:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3166:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3105:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3047:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3019:
3013:
3012:War Democrats
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3002:Union Leagues
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2901:Turning point
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2871:Naval battles
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2699:
2696:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2667:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2639:
2636:
2634:and memorials
2630:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2494:Commemoration
2492:
2491:
2489:
2483:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2401:
2398:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2336:first inquiry
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2314:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2256:Carpetbaggers
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2189:
2185:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1749:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1679:West Virginia
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1599:New Hampshire
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1559:Massachusetts
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1299:Hampton Roads
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1289:Fort Donelson
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1262:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1185:Morgan's Raid
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1130:Anaconda Plan
1128:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1118:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1106:Pacific Coast
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1045:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1001:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
980:
976:
972:
958:
955:
953:
950:
946:
943:
942:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
877:
875:
873:
869:
863:
862:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
840:Positive good
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
815:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
795:
793:
791:
787:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
755:Panic of 1857
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
715:Border states
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
702:
700:
695:
692:
691:
688:
684:
677:
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3151:Bibliography
3134:Other topics
3076:By ethnicity
3044:
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2997:Trent Affair
2896:Signal Corps
2753:
2476:White League
2363:Ku Klux Klan
2276:Confederados
2203:Constitution
2075:D. D. Porter
1928:Breckinridge
1639:Rhode Island
1634:Pennsylvania
1389:Spotsylvania
1349:Stones River
1329:2nd Bull Run
1279:1st Bull Run
1165:Stones River
1066:Marine Corps
1033:Marine Corps
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2957:Copperheads
2669:Confederate
2561:Black Codes
1887:E. K. Smith
1768:Confederate
1715:New Orleans
1710:Chattanooga
1574:Mississippi
1474:Connecticut
1442:territories
1433:Involvement
1394:Cold Harbor
1384:Fort Pillow
1374:Chattanooga
1369:Chickamauga
1319:Seven Pines
1309:New Orleans
1274:Fort Sumter
1215:Valley 1864
1048:Confederacy
845:Slave Power
825:Fire-Eaters
133:During the
3307:Categories
3190:Juneteenth
2711:Cemeteries
2588:Red Shirts
2499:Centennial
2449:Red Shirts
1857:Longstreet
1787:Beauregard
1730:Winchester
1705:Charleston
1674:Washington
1609:New Mexico
1604:New Jersey
1464:California
1440:States and
1424:Five Forks
1409:Mobile Bay
1379:Wilderness
1359:Gettysburg
1339:Perryville
1324:Seven Days
1255:Appomattox
1180:Gettysburg
1140:New Mexico
1007:Combatants
982:Combatants
895:John Brown
267:References
143:Eric Foner
3168:Espionage
2962:Diplomacy
2930:Political
2886:POW camps
2632:Monuments
2459:Scalawags
2454:Redeemers
2192:Aftermath
2141:Pinkerton
2080:Rosecrans
2045:McClellan
1948:Memminger
1684:Wisconsin
1649:Tennessee
1569:Minnesota
1544:Louisiana
1419:Nashville
1364:Vicksburg
1294:Pea Ridge
1245:Carolinas
1200:Red River
1195:Knoxville
1175:Tullahoma
1170:Vicksburg
1150:Peninsula
1122:campaigns
988:Campaigns
765:Secession
433:Gothamist
145:reports:
73:Civil War
3282:Category
3123:Seminole
3113:Cherokee
2866:Medicine
2819:Military
2732:Veterans
2566:Jim Crow
2331:timeline
2126:Ericsson
2109:Civilian
2090:Sheridan
2050:McDowell
2010:Farragut
1995:Burnside
1985:Anderson
1978:Military
1958:Stephens
1918:Benjamin
1911:Civilian
1797:Buchanan
1775:Military
1720:Richmond
1669:Virginia
1614:New York
1589:Nebraska
1579:Missouri
1564:Michigan
1554:Maryland
1539:Kentucky
1514:Illinois
1489:Delaware
1469:Colorado
1454:Arkansas
1414:Franklin
1334:Antietam
1205:Overland
1160:Maryland
1079:Theaters
985:Theaters
456:Archived
437:Archived
415:Archived
230:See also
139:freedmen
85:New York
3249:Related
3118:Choctaw
3108:Catawba
2891:Rations
2836:Cavalry
2698:Removal
2326:efforts
2310:of 1873
2156:Stevens
2151:Stanton
2136:Lincoln
2095:Sherman
2030:Halleck
2020:Frémont
2005:Du Pont
1943:Mallory
1902:Wheeler
1837:Jackson
1817:Forrest
1757:Leaders
1700:Atlanta
1664:Vermont
1584:Montana
1524:Indiana
1499:Georgia
1494:Florida
1459:Arizona
1449:Alabama
1399:Atlanta
1314:Corinth
1266:battles
1210:Atlanta
1190:Bristoe
1091:Western
1086:Eastern
991:Battles
790:Slavery
694:Origins
680:Origins
150:school.
129:Postwar
98:of the
89:Chicago
3292:Portal
3230:Tokens
2166:Welles
2146:Seward
2131:Hamlin
2100:Thomas
2035:Hooker
2000:Butler
1953:Seddon
1938:Hunter
1923:Bocock
1897:Taylor
1892:Stuart
1882:Semmes
1862:Morgan
1822:Gorgas
1802:Cooper
1693:Cities
1629:Oregon
1594:Nevada
1534:Kansas
1504:Hawaii
1404:Crater
1304:Shiloh
1264:Major
1250:Mobile
1120:Major
994:States
945:Caning
588:online
527:online
517:online
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297:
3035:Dixie
3022:Music
2641:Union
2485:Post-
2321:trial
2121:Chase
2116:Adams
2085:Scott
2060:Meigs
2055:Meade
2025:Grant
2015:Foote
1990:Buell
1971:Union
1933:Davis
1877:Price
1867:Mosby
1812:Ewell
1807:Early
1792:Bragg
1654:Texas
1549:Maine
1509:Idaho
1015:Union
272:Notes
96:Union
37:is a
3220:Salt
2826:Arms
2676:List
2648:List
2161:Wade
2070:Pope
2040:Hunt
1872:Polk
1832:Hood
1827:Hill
1659:Utah
1624:Ohio
1529:Iowa
1061:Navy
1056:Army
1028:Navy
1023:Army
484:2022
322:ISBN
295:ISBN
154:The
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1852:Lee
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