36:
424:
7126:
20:
196:
232:(SS-GL) or the RHSA stressed the nationalistic tenets of the Nazi state with respect to the war and occupation but instead looked to pan-Germanic ideas that included disempowering the political elites, while at the same time, integrating Germanic elements from other nations into the Reich on the basis of racial equality. One of the leaders of the SS-GL, Dr.
2614:"Wir müssen uns darüber im klaren sein, daß die germanische Politik nur unter der SS gelöst werden kann, nicht vom Staat, nicht vom Gros der Partei!...Wir können Europa nicht als Polizeistaat aufbauen unter dem Schutz von Bajonetten, sondern müssen das Leben Europas nach großgermanischen Gesichtspunkten gestalten"
2730:, p. 119 + 4 unnumbered pages (a photo of Christmas greetings for named men of the "Swedish" Waffen-SS unit Sveaborg in the Swedish pro-Nazi paper/magazine "Den Svenske" Swedes and Estonian-Swedish Waffen-SS volunteers fought in various SS units. Bosse Schön identifies various units. Many of them were from
352:
A system of nomenclature developed to formally distinguish personnel based on their place of origin. Germanic units would have the "SS" prefix, while non-Germanic units were designated with the "Waffen" prefix to their names. The formations with volunteers of
Germanic background were officially named
206:
In 1934, Himmler initially set stringent requirements for recruits. They were to be German nationals who could prove their Aryan ancestry back to 1800, unmarried, and without a criminal record. Recruits had to be between the ages of 17 and 23, at least 1.74 metres (5 ft 9 in) tall (1.78
240:"We must be clear about the fact that Germanic politics can only be resolved under the SS, not by the state, not by the bulk of the party!...We cannot build Europe as a police state under the protection of bayonets, but must shape the life of Europe according to greater Germanic viewpoints."
5711:
260:). As they grew in numbers, the volunteers were grouped into Legions (with the size of battalion or brigade); their members included the so-called Germanic non-Germans as well as ethnic German officers originating from the occupied territories. Against the
224:
under the command of German officers. Non-Germanic units were not considered to be part of the SS directly, which still maintained its strict racial criteria; instead they were considered to be foreign nationals serving under the command of the SS.
6162:
Młynarczyk, Jacek
Andrzej; Rein, Leonid; Bolianovskyi, Andrii; Romanko, Oleg (2017). "Eastern Europe: Belarusian Auxiliaries, Ukrainian Waffen-SS Soldiers and the Special Case of the Polish 'Blue Police'". In Jochen Böhler; Robert Gerwarth (eds.).
414:
numbered "some 500,000", including those who were pressured into service or conscripted. Historian Martin
Gutmann adds that some of the additional forces came from "Eastern and Southeastern Europe, including Muslim soldiers from the Balkans."
2602:
These figures vary slightly. For instance, historian George H. Stein recorded that only 500,000 non-Germans and ethnic
Germans from outside Germany, mostly from German-occupied Europe, were recruited between 1940 and 1945.
348:
could no longer claim to be an "elite" fighting force overall. Recruitment and conscription based on "numerical over qualitative expansion" took place, with many of the "foreign" units being good for only rear-guard duty.
488:
units were considered separate and distinct in purpose, ideology and activities from the German SS by the
Western Allies. During the 1946 Nuremberg trials, Estonians, Latvians, and Lithuanians who were drafted into the
307:
recruitment in south-east Europe turned into compulsory conscription for all German minorities of military age. From 1942 onwards, further units of non-Germanic recruits were formed. Legions were formed of men from
219:
in 1940, Hitler authorised the enlistment of "people perceived to be of related stock", as
Himmler put it, to expand the ranks. A number of Danes, Dutch, Norwegians, Swedes, and Finns volunteered to serve in the
211:). Recruits were required to have perfect teeth and eyesight and provide a medical certificate. By 1938, the height restrictions were relaxed, up to six dental fillings were permitted, and eyeglasses for
399:
accepted 12,643 of the 53,000 recruits it garnered in western
Ukraine and by 1944 the number reached as high as 22,000. Recruitment efforts in 1943 in Estonia yielded about 5,000 soldiers for the
451:
and for being an "integral part" of the SS. Conscripts who were not given a choice as to joining the ranks and had not committed "such crimes" were determined to be exempt from this declaration.
264:'s wishes—who forbade using military units of so-called "racially inferior" persons—the SS added foreign recruits and used them to flexibly overcome manpower shortages. Some of these foreign
5775:
Kott, Matthew; Bubnys, Arūnas; Kraft, Ülle (2017). "The Baltic States: Auxiliaries and Waffen-SS Soldiers from
Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania". In Jochen Böhler; Robert Gerwarth (eds.).
6083:
German Ground Forces of World War II: Complete Orders of Battle for Army Groups, Armies, Army Corps, and Other
Commands of the Wehrmacht and Waffen SS, September 1, 1939, to May 8, 1945
1660:
6662:
Hearings Before
Subcommittee No. 4 of the Committee on the Judiciary House of Representatives, Eightieth Congress, Second Session on H.R. 1285, H.R. 4928, H.R. 5040, and H.R. 5192
1177:
1063:
835:
795:
43:
502:, who had fled westwards to surrender—in their German SS uniforms—to the British in Italy, 3,000 of them were repatriated to the Soviet Union. The rest remained in POW camps at
7253:
6867:
Hurd, Madeleine; Werther, Steffen (2016). "Retelling the Past, Inspiring the Future: Waffen-SS Commemorations and the Creation of a 'European' Far-right Counter-narrative".
1219:
5467:
Bougarel, Xavier; Korb, Alexander; Petke, Stefan; Zaugg, Franziska (2017). "Muslim SS units in the Balkans and the Soviet Union". In Jochen Böhler; Robert Gerwarth (eds.).
2683:
According to Andrii Bolianovskyi, the change of the division's official names illustrates the change of attitude of the Third Reich towards Ukrainian national aspirations.
1955:
524:
1413:
1288:
1135:
2567:
1359:
7674:
6287:
1471:
1198:
2624:
A number of volunteers were executed, while others were tried and imprisoned by their countries. Still others either lived in exile or returned to their homeland.
8131:
1018:
993:
951:
842:
498:
400:
24:
169:
developed a fully militarised structure of command and operations. It grew from three regiments to over 38 divisions during World War II, serving alongside the
1450:
1313:
943:
908:
863:
709:
705:
6184:
The Baltic States from the Soviet Union to the European Union: Identity, Discourse and Power in the Post-Communist Transition of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
2067:
1819:
1127:
1089:
6985:
Gutmann, Martin (2013). "Debunking the Myth of the Volunteers: Transnational Volunteering in the Nazi Waffen-SS Officer Corps during the Second World War".
6758:
6660:
1156:
431:
conscripts, wearing black uniforms with blue helmets and white belts, guarding Hermann Goering, Rudolf Hess, and other top Nazis during the Nuremberg Trials
8370:
7773:
7493:
2770:
from Nazi-held territory. He and fellow Germanic volunteers from neutral Denmark, Sweden and Switzerland were stripped of leadership roles and sent to the
1421:
151:
6306:
1668:
770:
1859:
1026:
741:
215:
and mild vision correction were allowed. Once World War II began in Europe, the physical requirements were no longer strictly enforced. Following the
8303:
7683:
1071:
462:
by the Belgian authorities. About 150 Baltic soldiers from Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia who fought against the Soviets and escaped to Sweden were
8221:
8114:
7614:
2779:
183:
integrated into either the army or the state police. Instead it was to remain an independent force of military-trained men at the disposal of the
8119:
8102:
2638:
6544:
Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939–1945: -13. Bd. Die Landstreitkräfte: Namensverbände 1-13400
2398:
7816:
2755:
1916:
1656:
1438:
1329:
Established as Italian SS Volunteer Legion, then Waffen-Grenadier-Brigade der SS (ital. Nr. 1). Received number 29 after SS RONA was disbanded
717:
2127:
Serbian collaborationist militia, placed under Waffen SS command during the German withdrawal from Serbia. It was renamed Serbian S.S. Corps (
8253:
2739:
2183:
1729:
8308:
8233:
7893:
7667:
7573:
2735:
1708:
337:
1567:
7883:
2580:
1105:
Formed from the 4th Volunteer Panzer Grenadier Brigade Nederland and SS Legion Nederland. Received number 23 after SS Kama was disbanded
478:
1591:
8124:
8109:
7238:
7078:
2224:
8325:
7736:
35:
7999:
7046:
1539:
1334:
8283:
7660:
7508:
7150:
493:
were determined not to be criminals for having been "wedged between, and subject to, the dictates of two authoritarian regimes."
403:. In Latvia, however, the Nazis were more successful, as, by 1944, there were upwards of 100,000 soldiers serving in the Latvian
3168:
7866:
7415:
2111:
463:
6975:
6946:
6905:
6849:
6828:
6807:
6752:
6711:
6689:
6649:
6628:
6607:
6586:
6531:
6508:
6465:
6444:
6423:
6404:
6383:
6362:
6341:
6316:
6250:
6229:
6210:
6191:
6172:
6152:
6131:
6110:
6091:
6059:
6031:
6010:
5989:
5963:
5942:
5904:
5883:
5862:
5843:
5805:
5784:
5746:
5700:
5676:
5657:
5638:
5619:
5581:
5560:
5539:
5497:
5476:
5457:
5436:
5376:
5355:
5334:
2727:
77:
recruited significant numbers of non-Germans, both as volunteers and conscripts. Of a peak strength of 950,000 in 1944, the
8320:
7942:
6020:
Lumans, Valdis O. (2 July 2012). "The Ethnic Germans of the Waffen-SS in Combat: Dregs or Gems?". In Sanders Marble (ed.).
1384:
81:
consisted of some 400,000 “Reich Germans” and 310,000 ethnic Germans from outside Germany’s pre-1939 borders (mostly from
8097:
8062:
8047:
7844:
5690:
363:, and their members were from satellite countries. These were organised into independent legions and had the designation
292:
6272:
5508:
8268:
7243:
5923:
2774:, where most perished. See: Richard Byers, "Byers on Gutmann, 'Building a Nazi Europe: The SS's Germanic Volunteers'",
1951:
520:
329:
296:
6354:
Kazna i zločin: snage kolaboracije u Srbiji : odgovornost za ratne zločine (1941–1944) i vojni gubici (1944–1945)
1055:
423:
7743:
7687:
6924:
6788:
5824:
5765:
5600:
1518:
1376:
972:
7652:
7365:
7207:
8293:
8211:
7806:
7503:
7498:
2692:
Historian Rolf-Dieter Müller points out that an additional 20,000 Estonians served in SS frontier guard regiments.
1639:
1442:
481:
were nonetheless forcibly returned to the Soviet Union. Most along with their families were executed for treason.
8298:
7856:
7155:
6739:
616:
554:
7212:
2780:
https://networks.h-net.org/node/12840/reviews/2140807/byers-gutmann-building-nazi-europe-sss-germanic-volunteers
8196:
7329:
7071:
2639:
https://web.archive.org/web/20070928204604/http://www.holycross-hermitage.com/pages/Orthodox_Life/cossacks.htm
8263:
7952:
7513:
2663:
2637:
or had been born abroad, and thus had never been Soviet citizens. See the following primary source document:
1608:
1492:
then in November 1944 integrated as SS Brigade 'Landstorm Nederland', upgraded to division in February 1945.
787:
Formed from Wiking's 'Nordland' Regiment, mostly Volksdeutsche Balkan personnel. Also included Norwegians in
667:
642:
368:
781:
Volksdeutsches from Romania and Reich Germans plus Danes, Norwegians, Dutches, Swedes and Belgian Flemings.
85:), the remaining 240,000 being non-Germans. Thus, at their numerical peak, non-Germans comprised 25% of all
8173:
8136:
7598:
7593:
7324:
2771:
2572:
2046:
1703:
Formed from the Flemish Legion disbanded in May 1943 and reformed within the SS Assault Brigade Langemarck
1110:
596:
584:
325:
8238:
6959:
Rekrutierungen für die Waffen-SS in Südosteuropa : Ideen, Ideale und Realitäten einer Vielvölkerarmee
2711:
357:(volunteer) (Scandinavians, Dutch, and Flemish), including ethnic Germans born outside the Reich known as
8216:
7753:
7479:
7447:
7405:
2306:
884:
620:
588:
171:
765:
Formed from 'Kama' (2,000 men) and 'Handschar' (10,000 men) as well as some German and Hungarian units.
8345:
8313:
8278:
8258:
7987:
7420:
7248:
7232:
1959:
1017:
Waffen-SS-organized, brigade size expanded into the 3rd Estonian SS Volunteer Brigade, followed by the
688:
528:
333:
106:
6476:
5552:
General Franco Made Me a 'terrorist': The Interesting Years Abroad of a West of Scotland 'baby-boomer'
2766:
Germanic recruits. Riedweg gave a speech in 1943, criticizing the manner in which the SS handled the
2374:
Formed from the merging of the Turkestan unit, a Soviet Muslim formation established in January 1944.
8332:
8248:
8014:
7957:
7425:
7064:
5722:(1). Українська академія наук, Національний педагогічний університет імені М. П. Драгоманова: 38–42.
2767:
740:
Germanic formation Volksdeutsche (92%) and Reich German In January 1945 absorbed the remnants of the
5509:"The Breton Movement and the German Occupation 1940–44. Alan Heusaff and Bezen Perrot: A Case Study"
8340:
8067:
7871:
7811:
7801:
7726:
7410:
7263:
5347:
Belgian Waffen-SS Legions & Brigades, 1941–1944: Wallonie, Wallonien, Flandern & Langemarck
2722:
See: Bosse Schön, "Svenskarna som stred för Hitler" ("The Swedes who fought for Hitler"), (2000) ,
1051:
8288:
8243:
8201:
8183:
8178:
8092:
8032:
8024:
8019:
8004:
7932:
7839:
7796:
7758:
7546:
7459:
7380:
7370:
2558:
683:
Formed by merging SS Regiment ‘Westland’ and 'Nordland'. Mostly Reich Germans and Volksdeutsche.
470:
60:
7125:
7109:
5385:
3174:
7778:
7609:
6242:
The East Came West: Muslim, Hindu and Buddhist Volunteers in the German Armed Forces, 1941–1945
2103:
2075:
858:
In November 1944, renamed 1st Ukrainian Division of the Ukrainian National Army" (1st UD UNA).
82:
7487:
7227:
6818:
6679:
6455:
6394:
6000:
5736:
5550:
5447:
5366:
157:
91:
8037:
7821:
6434:
6049:
5571:
5426:
6121:
6081:
5935:
Foreign Legions of the Third Reich, Vol. 2, Belgium, Great Britain, Holland, Italy and Spain
5345:
8146:
7994:
7982:
7972:
7826:
7786:
7258:
7145:
749:
276:
249:
199:
8:
8151:
8052:
7967:
7851:
7626:
7469:
7432:
7268:
7050:
6144:
German Order of Battle: Panzer, Panzer Grenadier, and Waffen SS divisions in World War II
5758:
Hitlerin Saksa ja sen vapaaehtoisliikkeet: Waffen-SS:n suomalaispataljoona vertailtavana
2743:
2133:) in March 1945. Its integration into the Waffen-SS was intended but never carried out.
2001:
Battalion sized, disbanded in May 1943, personnel transferred to the Nordland Division.
1954:
and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by
1066:
Albanian personnel. Disbanded in November 1944 with some members joining ‘Prinz Eugen’.
523:
and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by
7861:
7621:
7563:
7551:
7339:
7292:
7278:
7028:
7020:
6884:
6565:
6273:"Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen SS in 1941–1943 and Related Finnish studies"
2285:
2203:
1985:
1239:
as 6th SS Volunteer Assault Brigade Langemarck, upgraded to division in December 1944.
967:
Formed from the 3rd Estonian SS Volunteer Brigade, Wiking's Estonian "Narwa" Battalion
903:
Formed from the 1st and 2nd Cossack Cavalry Division, and the Cossack Plastun Brigade.
257:
7140:
6957:
6681:
Hunting Evil: How the Nazi War Criminals Escaped and the Hunt to Bring Them to Justice
6357:(in Croatian). Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, Regionalna kancelarija za jugoistočnu Evropu.
5978:
5712:"Foreign military formations of the SS – European Army of the Third Reich (1939–1945)"
141:. Its origins can be traced back to the selection of a group of 120 SS men in 1933 by
97:
8226:
7682:
7344:
7298:
7032:
7012:
6971:
6942:
6920:
6901:
6888:
6845:
6824:
6803:
6784:
6748:
6726:
6707:
6685:
6666:
6645:
6624:
6603:
6582:
6569:
6527:
6520:
6504:
6461:
6440:
6419:
6400:
6379:
6358:
6337:
6312:
6246:
6225:
6206:
6187:
6168:
6148:
6127:
6106:
6087:
6055:
6027:
6006:
5985:
5959:
5938:
5919:
5900:
5879:
5858:
5839:
5820:
5801:
5780:
5761:
5742:
5723:
5696:
5672:
5653:
5634:
5615:
5596:
5577:
5556:
5535:
5493:
5472:
5453:
5432:
5413:
5372:
5351:
5330:
2723:
2634:
2277:
2249:
2175:
1403:
572:
7731:
5449:
Magyar Warriors. Volume 1: The History of the Royal Hungarian Armed Forces 1919–1945
3091:
1059:
7831:
7791:
7641:
7568:
7541:
7464:
7400:
7222:
7186:
7176:
7002:
6994:
6963:
6876:
6557:
5686:
5573:
A European Anabasis: Western European Volunteers in the German Army and SS, 1940–45
3057:
3055:
3053:
1615:
1466:
Absorbed in January 1945 by the 26th SS Panzer Grenadier Division (Ungarische # 2)
1399:
1305:
506:
and were processed as displaced persons; many became British or Canadian citizens.
436:
216:
101:
51:
6880:
2100:
509:
477:
troops. Though they were given assurances that they would not be repatriated, the
455:
56:
8273:
7910:
7556:
7349:
7319:
6839:
6639:
6618:
6597:
6542:
6498:
6373:
6352:
6308:
For the Homeland: The 31st Waffen-SS Volunteer Grenadier Division in World War II
6261:
6240:
6142:
6070:
6021:
5973:
5953:
5894:
5873:
5795:
5487:
5407:
5324:
2138:
2096:
2006:
1584:
1001:
989:
444:
317:
284:
6436:
As political soldiers we face Moscow's hordes: Dutch volunteers in the Waffen-SS
3103:
3050:
2092:
8156:
8141:
8084:
7922:
7748:
7437:
7395:
7217:
7171:
7007:
6481:
1687:
1280:
1265:
1244:
1236:
805:
Bosnian Muslims with some Catholic Croats, Albanian Muslims and German cadres.
568:
474:
6998:
6967:
6561:
6005:. Comunicación activa. Cine (in Spanish). Universitat de Barcelona, Edicions.
5417:
19:
8364:
7937:
7927:
7763:
7714:
7181:
7104:
7088:
7016:
6730:
5727:
5489:
World War II Croatian Legionaries: Croatian Troops under Axis Command 1941–45
3067:
2379:
2344:
1833:
1497:
727:
359:
233:
142:
133:
6670:
5387:
8191:
7888:
7709:
7636:
7604:
7454:
7442:
6934:
6776:
6699:
6002:
Europa como refugio. Reflejos fílmicos de los exilios españoles (1939-2016)
2633:
Most of these Cossacks had left Russia before or soon after the end of the
2336:
2256:
734:
mostly but also Croatia, Hungary and Romania with some Reich German cadres
564:
367:
attached to their names for formal identification. In addition, the German
280:
272:
176:
68:
7898:
7700:
7536:
7531:
6641:
War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945: Occupation and Collaboration
6620:
War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945: Occupation and Collaboration
6396:
The Kings and the Pawns: Collaboration in Byelorussia during World War II
5090:
5088:
2328:
2062:
Formed by the Waffen‐SS, led by Dutch officers. In April 1943 became the
1912:
1345:
704:
Formed in October 1943 with the Latvian brigade and Waffen-SS divisions (
321:
212:
7024:
5025:
3038:
2085:
Croatian volunteers or conscripts with German and Volksdeutsche cadres.
7303:
7191:
5875:
Himmler's Bosnian Division: The Waffen-SS Handschar Division, 1943–1945
2712:
http://publications.niod.knaw.nl/publications/Veld_SSenNederland_01.pdf
2324:
138:
6222:
The Unknown Eastern Front: The Wehrmacht and Hitler's Foreign Soldiers
5085:
2245:
2235:
1260:
Formed when 5th SS Assault Brigade Wallonia was raised to a division.
387:, and Estonia throughout its history. Despite manpower shortages, the
8206:
8166:
8161:
7962:
7286:
7115:
7056:
5855:
Hitler's Swedes: A History of the Swedish Volunteers in the Waffen-SS
3896:
3832:
3830:
3828:
3788:
3786:
3475:
3473:
3471:
3469:
3467:
2436:
Total: 18,000 (about "evenly divided between Flemings and Walloons")
448:
195:
122:
73:
4952:
4950:
4529:
1655:
In September 1944 the Sturmbrigade brigade was amalgamated with the
244:
Recruitment began in April 1940 with the creation of two regiments:
8009:
7768:
6841:
Ethnic Germans and National Socialism in Yugoslavia in World War II
6747:. The National Archives of Finland and Finnish Literature Society.
4395:
2731:
2340:
2022:
Formed with former Freikorps soldiers, disbanded in February 1945.
1851:
1829:
1814:
Upgraded to SS Waffen Mountain Brigade (Tatar No. 1) in July 1944.
1199:
26th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS 'Hungaria' (2nd Hungarian)
895:
607:
575:
341:
39:
7254:
Office of the Reich Commissioner for Germanic Resettlement (RKFDV)
4645:
4643:
3825:
3813:
3783:
3464:
3219:
1395:
104:. Upon mobilisation, the units' tactical control was given to the
7631:
7334:
6161:
5916:
Foreign Legions of the Third Reich Vol. 1 Norway, Denmark, France
5170:
5168:
5166:
5164:
5162:
4947:
4616:
4592:
3109:
3097:
3061:
2992:
2990:
2651:
Useful Enemies: America's Open-Door Policy for Nazi War Criminals
2418:
2348:
2320:
2266:
1553:
1308:(RONA), became division in August 44, received number in August.
843:
14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Galician/Ukrainian)
656:
Dutch (1,400), Belgian Flemings (805) and Danes (108) volunteers
380:
372:
309:
300:
288:
4702:
4700:
4675:
4673:
3725:
3723:
3592:
3590:
3588:
2948:
2946:
2674:
Number of Latvians serving in the Latvian Waffen SS in July 1944
2662:
Incorporated from Regiment SS-Westland and SS-Nordland into the
1178:
25th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Hunyadi (1st Hungarian)
796:
13th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Handschar (1st Croatian)
155:(LSSAH). In 1934, the SS developed its own military branch, the
6823:. Military History of the United States. Taylor & Francis.
6723:
Sotatapahtumia, internointeja ja siirto sodanjälkeisiin oloihin
4660:
4658:
4640:
4438:
4436:
4434:
2332:
2316:
1841:
1837:
1549:
510:
Foreign Waffen-SS formations and foreign units under SS control
503:
392:
384:
376:
313:
268:
units were employed for security purposes, among other things.
6023:
Scraping the Barrel: The Military Use of Sub-Standard Manpower
5797:
The Hungarian Army and Its Military Leadership in World War II
5516:
Form und Struktur in der Sprache. Festschrift für Elmar Ternes
5159:
4256:
4071:
4069:
3563:
3561:
3559:
3557:
3207:
2987:
7977:
5075:
5073:
5071:
5058:
5056:
5054:
5052:
4979:
4977:
4913:
4911:
4909:
4907:
4882:
4880:
4697:
4670:
4343:
4341:
4292:
4290:
4113:
4111:
3720:
3585:
3505:
3503:
3361:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3328:
3326:
3014:
2943:
1850:
Muslim SS division based in northern Italy, recruited in the
1220:
27th SS Volunteer Grenadier Division Langemarck (1st Flemish)
1041:
731:
28:
5105:
5103:
4655:
4580:
4553:
4541:
4431:
3862:
3860:
3376:
3374:
3144:
2921:
2919:
5213:
4804:
4802:
4800:
4798:
4796:
4628:
4468:
4466:
4166:
4164:
4081:
4066:
3976:
3974:
3972:
3970:
3917:
3915:
3913:
3911:
3554:
1797:
Formed from the SS Waffen Mountain Regiment (Tatar No. 1),
1348:, Russian, Ukrainian, Polish, Tartar with German officers.
1289:
29th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS RONA (1st Russian)
1136:
23rd Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Kama (2nd Croatian)
6457:
Nazis, Islamists, and the Making of the Modern Middle East
5738:
Hitler's Nordic Ally?: Finland and the Total War 1939–1945
5532:
Between Giants: The Battle for the Baltics in World War II
5225:
5132:
5130:
5115:
5068:
5049:
5001:
4974:
4962:
4904:
4892:
4877:
4385:
4383:
4381:
4379:
4377:
4375:
4362:
4360:
4358:
4356:
4338:
4314:
4287:
4277:
4275:
4273:
4271:
4151:
4149:
4147:
4145:
4143:
4130:
4128:
4126:
4108:
3640:
3500:
3418:
3416:
3350:
3323:
2853:
2568:
Non-Germans in the German armed forces during World War II
2537:
In total, approximately 1,300 Swiss volunteers joined the
1919:
and later into the 11th SS Grenadier Division ‘Nordland’.
165:. Nominally under the authority of Heinrich Himmler, the
6917:
War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945: The Chetniks
5276:
5242:
5240:
5100:
5037:
4923:
4865:
4604:
4483:
4481:
4176:
4015:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3936:
3934:
3932:
3930:
3857:
3847:
3845:
3803:
3801:
3773:
3771:
3769:
3735:
3679:
3677:
3638:
3636:
3634:
3632:
3630:
3628:
3626:
3624:
3622:
3620:
3371:
3338:
3269:
3267:
3265:
3195:
3122:
3120:
3118:
3002:
2916:
2843:
2841:
2742:
with about 60% between 17 and 25 years of age. Also see:
2363:
2311:
2290:
2261:
2229:
2208:
2188:
2162:
2143:
2116:
2080:
2051:
2030:
2011:
1990:
1929:
1900:
1824:
1786:
1768:
1713:
1692:
1644:
1620:
1596:
1572:
1544:
1523:
1502:
1477:
1472:
34th SS Volunteer Grenadier Division 'Landstorm Nederland
1455:
1426:
1389:
1364:
1360:
30th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Belarusian)
1340:
1318:
1293:
1249:
1224:
1203:
1182:
1161:
1140:
1115:
1094:
1035:
1006:
977:
956:
931:
913:
889:
868:
847:
819:
800:
776:
754:
722:
693:
672:
630:
601:
559:
161:(SS-VT), which together with the LSSAH, evolved into the
6554:
Waffen-SS und Ordnungspolizei im Kriegseinsatz 1939–1945
6068:
6026:. New York: Fordham University Press. pp. 197–224.
5878:. Schiffer military history. Schiffer Military History.
5800:. Axis Europa Books. Axis Europa Books & Magazines.
5031:
4793:
4570:
4568:
4463:
4453:
4451:
4161:
4032:
4030:
3967:
3908:
3515:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3183:
3026:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2958:
2931:
1737:
Formed of Finnish defectors, POWs and interned sailors.
5191:
5189:
5187:
5185:
5183:
5149:
5147:
5145:
5127:
4831:
4829:
4783:
4781:
4779:
4777:
4764:
4762:
4734:
4732:
4730:
4717:
4715:
4685:
4372:
4353:
4326:
4268:
4222:
4220:
4218:
4203:
4193:
4191:
4140:
4123:
4098:
4096:
3689:
3607:
3605:
3544:
3542:
3490:
3488:
3413:
3301:
3299:
3252:
3250:
3248:
3246:
2906:
2904:
2889:
2865:
2068:
23rd SS Volunteer Panzer Grenadier Division 'Nederland'
1534:
Formed from police personnel, near the end of the war.
1090:
23rd SS Volunteer Panzer Grenadier Division 'Nederland'
994:
20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian)
952:
20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian)
469:
The men of the XV SS Cossack Corps found themselves in
410:
Before the war's end, the foreigners who served in the
6336:. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
6311:. Stackpole military history series. Stackpole Books.
5671:. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
5466:
5371:. INSEPARABLE – The Trilogy of Adventures. tredition.
5368:
OPPORTUNITY – The power of resistance: English Version
5300:
5288:
5237:
5094:
5013:
4989:
4814:
4749:
4747:
4493:
4478:
4042:
3986:
3957:
3955:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3927:
3902:
3842:
3798:
3766:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3750:
3710:
3708:
3706:
3704:
3674:
3662:
3650:
3617:
3428:
3391:
3389:
3262:
3115:
2838:
2816:
2814:
2701:
Historian Andrejs Plakans puts this figure at 100,000.
1451:
33rd Waffen Cavalry Division of the SS (3rd Hungarian)
1314:
29th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Italian)
944:
15th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Latvian)
909:
19th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (2nd Latvian)
864:
15th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Latvian)
131:(Armed SS) was created as the militarised wing of the
6800:
Hitlers Politische Soldaten: Die Waffen-SS, 1933–1945
6644:. ACLS Humanities E-Book. Stanford University Press.
6623:. ACLS Humanities E-Book. Stanford University Press.
6522:
The Waffen SS: Hitler's Elite Guard at War, 1939–1945
5264:
5252:
5201:
4565:
4517:
4505:
4448:
4419:
4407:
4302:
4054:
4027:
4003:
3884:
3573:
3401:
3279:
3132:
2970:
2877:
2744:
https://www.svd.se/aventyret-lockade-svenskar-till-ss
2219:
Formed from collaborationist units under SS control
6665:. Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
6595:
5692:
Hitler's Foreign Executioners: Europe's Dirty Secret
5669:
Building a Nazi Europe: The SS's Germanic Volunteers
5409:
Uniforms, organisations and history of the Waffen SS
5180:
5142:
4935:
4853:
4841:
4826:
4774:
4759:
4727:
4712:
4232:
4215:
4188:
4093:
3836:
3819:
3792:
3602:
3539:
3527:
3485:
3479:
3296:
3243:
3156:
2901:
2799:
2167:
Algerian (from the Paris region) with French cadres
1422:
33rd Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Charlemagne
771:
11th SS Volunteer Panzergrenadier Division 'Nordland
677:
Dutch, Norwegian, Danish, Flemish, German, Swedish.
6069:Marković, D.; Milovanović, N.B.; Rebić, Đ. (1979).
5364:
4744:
4401:
3946:
3872:
3747:
3701:
3452:
3440:
3386:
3311:
3079:
2811:
2064:
SS‐Freiwilligen Panzergrenadier Brigade ‘Nederland’
1878:Waffen Grenadier Regiment of the SS (2nd Romanian)
1669:
Waffen Grenadier Regiment of the SS (1st Bulgarian)
1126:Formed from Volunteer Legion Nederland upgraded to
458:escaped to Spain, despite being sentenced to death
6941:. New York; Toronto: NAL Caliber (Penguin Group).
6781:The Waffen-SS: Organization, Ideology and Function
6741:The Finnish SS Volunteers and Atrocities 1941–1943
6519:
6270:
5977:
5612:For Europe: The French Volunteers of the Waffen-SS
4622:
4598:
4244:
3231:
2826:
1860:Waffen Grenadier Regiment of the SS (1st Romanian)
1166:Volksdeutsche from Yugoslavia and the South Tyrol
1157:24th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Karstjäger
742:21st Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Skanderbeg
6599:Germany's Eastern Front Allies (2): Baltic Forces
6203:The Cossack Struggle Against Communism, 1917–1945
1945:
1072:22nd SS Volunteer Cavalry Division Maria Theresia
1044:) with German, Austrian and Volksdeutsche cadres
789:SS-Volunteer-Panzer-Grenadier Regiment 23 "Norge"
175:(army), while never formally being a part of it.
8362:
8063:Association for the Restoration of Great Vietnam
6167:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
5779:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
1412:Formed partially from remnants of the disbanded
496:Amid the 11,000 Ukrainian members of the former
89:troops. The units were under the control of the
6658:
6596:Thomas, N.; Jurado, C.C.; Pavlovic, D. (2012).
6477:"Coming to terms with the past (23 March 2021)"
5774:
5485:
4956:
3225:
2996:
2738:. A significant number of them were members of
2091:A police force under the command of the German
2027:Guard Corps of the German Luftwaffe in Denmark
1513:Formed from the Indian Grenadier Regiment 950.
1245:28th SS Volunteer Grenadier Division 'Wallonia'
514:
190:
7817:National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands
7684:Collaboration with Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy
6551:
6453:
6126:. World War II Arsenal Series. Merriam Press.
6079:
5793:
5760:. Helsinki: Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura.
5174:
4679:
4262:
3596:
2419:Waffen-SS volunteers and conscripts by country
2225:SS Polizei – Selbstschutz – Regiment Sandschak
1917:28th SS Volunteer Grenadier Division Wallonien
1229:Belgian Flemish with a few Finnish volunteers
1120:Dutch (40%), Reich Germans and Volksdeutsche.
718:7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen
7668:
7072:
6802:(in German). Paderborn: Ferdinand Schöningh.
6259:
5984:. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.
5445:
5431:. Casemate Illustrated. Casemate Publishers.
5343:
5322:
4706:
4586:
4559:
4547:
4442:
4087:
4075:
3365:
3332:
2754:Of particular note was Swiss-born SS Colonel
750:IX Waffen Mountain Corps of the SS (Croatian)
5365:André, G.; André, W.; Kohlbauer, C. (2022).
5326:Dutch Waffen-SS Legion & Brigade 1941–44
2128:
1709:Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen-SS
1577:Hungarians, and Volksdeutsche from Hungary.
8371:Waffen-SS foreign volunteers and conscripts
7047:SS veterans in Britain hold secret reunions
6866:
6271:Pajunen, Jussi; Karjalainen, Mikko (2019).
6200:
5932:
5814:
5219:
4649:
3213:
1369:Belarusian, Polish, Russian, and Ukrainian
1079:Volksdeutsche from Hungary and Hungarians.
236:(an SS-Colonel), unambiguously emphasized:
113:
7675:
7661:
7079:
7065:
6914:
6737:
6720:
6637:
6616:
6432:
6413:
6280:Finno-German Yearbook of Political Economy
6075:. Biblioteka Kompas (in Serbian). Sloboda.
6054:. Witness to War. Soldiershop Publishing.
5951:
5913:
5892:
5709:
5121:
5079:
5062:
5007:
4983:
4968:
4929:
4917:
4898:
4886:
4871:
4664:
4610:
4535:
4347:
4320:
4296:
4117:
4021:
3980:
3921:
3866:
3741:
3729:
3567:
3521:
3380:
3344:
2871:
2301:Initially called the Legion of St. George
1925:Spanische-Freiwilligen-Kompanie der SS 102
1896:Spanische-Freiwilligen-Kompanie der SS 101
1802:SS Waffen Mountain Regiment (Tatar No. 1)
1145:Bosnian Muslims, Croats and Volksdeutsche
391:was still based on the racist ideology of
16:Recruits for the Waffen-SS in World War II
7006:
6552:Tessin, Georg; Kannapin, Norbert (2000).
6439:. Series in World History. Vernon Press.
6350:
5972:
5896:Foreign Legions of the Third Reich Vol. 2
5647:
5506:
5109:
5043:
3189:
3020:
2964:
2952:
2076:German-Croatian SS Police and Gendarmerie
1783:SS Waffen Mountain Brigade (Tatar No. 1)
1568:37th SS Volunteer Cavalry Division Lützow
1111:4th SS Panzer Grenadier Brigade Nederland
824:Albanian Muslims from Kosovo and Sanjak.
473:at the end of the war and surrendered to
6579:Fascism in Britain: A History, 1918–1945
6375:The Independent State of Croatia 1941–45
6245:. Axis Europa Books. Axis Europa Books.
5955:Foreign Legions of the Third Reich Vol.3
5734:
5590:
5548:
4808:
4472:
3150:
3076:, pp. xvi, xviii, 151–164, 168–178.
2847:
2460:Total: 20,000 officially entered in the
1540:36th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS
1498:Indian Volunteer Legion of the Waffen-SS
1335:30th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS
1027:21st Waffen Mountain Division of the SS
422:
194:
44:13th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS
34:
18:
6984:
6820:World War II in Europe: An Encyclopedia
6816:
6677:
6576:
6556:(in German). Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag.
6331:
6140:
6119:
5852:
5755:
5666:
5628:
5306:
5294:
5136:
4691:
4634:
4389:
4366:
4332:
4281:
4209:
4155:
4134:
4060:
4048:
4036:
4009:
3997:
3940:
3851:
3807:
3777:
3695:
3683:
3668:
3656:
3644:
3509:
3434:
3422:
3305:
3273:
3256:
3138:
3126:
1266:SS Volunteer Assault Brigade 'Wallonia'
1172:Downgraded to brigade in January 1945.
1050:Formed from volunteers supplied by the
635:Dutch volunteers and Belgian Flemings.
8363:
7867:Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists
7086:
6797:
6775:
6602:. Men-at-Arms. Bloomsbury Publishing.
6540:
6496:
6334:A Concise History of the Baltic States
6263:Foreign Volunteers of Hitler's Germany
6219:
6051:Albanian units in the Second World War
6019:
5998:
5609:
5529:
5492:. Men-at-Arms. Bloomsbury Publishing.
5424:
5405:
5350:. Men-at-Arms. Bloomsbury Publishing.
5329:. Men-at-Arms. Bloomsbury Publishing.
5246:
5032:Marković, Milovanović & Rebić 1979
5019:
4995:
4820:
4523:
4511:
4499:
4487:
4457:
4413:
4102:
3890:
3579:
3407:
3290:
3201:
3044:
2981:
2805:
2439:
1562:Formerly Dirlewanger Assault Brigade.
1019:20th Division of the SS (1st Estonian)
811:First non-Germanic Waffen-SS division
464:extradited to the Soviet Union in 1946
207:metres (5 ft 10 in) for the
7656:
7249:Main Office for Ethnic Germans (VOMI)
7244:Office of Race and Settlement (RuSHA)
7060:
6955:
6933:
6895:
6837:
6698:
6517:
6474:
6371:
6304:
6238:
6100:
6080:McCroden, W.T.; Nutter, T.E. (2019).
6047:
5871:
5833:
5794:Kursietis, A.J.; Munoz, A.J. (1999).
5569:
5282:
5270:
5258:
5231:
5207:
5195:
4941:
4859:
4847:
4835:
4738:
4574:
4425:
4308:
4250:
4182:
3878:
3760:
3714:
3611:
3548:
3533:
3494:
3458:
3446:
3395:
3317:
3162:
3073:
3032:
3008:
2937:
2925:
2910:
2895:
2883:
2859:
2832:
2820:
2734:, Stockholm, Göteborg and had fought
1416:'. Allegedly named 'Bohemia-Moravia'
1187:Hungarian volunteers and conscripts.
759:Albanian, Croatian, Bosnian Muslims.
6416:The SS: Alibi of a Nation, 1922–1945
6399:. War and Genocide. Berghahn Books.
6392:
6260:Odegard, W.W.; Deeter, R.E. (1968).
6181:
5685:
5392:Judgement: The Accused Organizations
5153:
4787:
4768:
4753:
4721:
4238:
4226:
4197:
4170:
3961:
3237:
3177:Judgement: The Accused Organizations
3085:
2066:and in January 1945 absorbed in the
1385:31st SS Volunteer Grenadier Division
1128:23rd SS Volunteer Division Nederland
1056:Albanian collaborationist government
816:SS-Waffen-Gebirgsjäger Battalion 13
110:(High Command of the Armed Forces).
8048:Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman
7239:Economics and Administration Office
6454:Rubin, B.; Schwanitz, W.G. (2014).
2244:Albanian Muslim unit set up in the
1820:East Turkish Armed League of the SS
1657:Legion of French Volunteers (L.V.F)
137:(SS; "Protective Squadron") of the
13:
6860:
6186:. London and New York: Routledge.
5486:Brnardic, V.; Aralica, V. (2016).
5446:Bernád, D.; Kliment, C.K. (2015).
3837:Thomas, Jurado & Pavlovic 2012
3820:Thomas, Jurado & Pavlovic 2012
3793:Thomas, Jurado & Pavlovic 2012
3480:Thomas, Jurado & Pavlovic 2012
3047:, pp. 307, 313, 325, 327–331.
2399:Kaukasische Waffen-Verbände der SS
2234:Albanian Muslims (from Kosovo and
730:(Ethnic Germans) from the Serbian
303:were signed on. By February 1942,
14:
8382:
7744:Armenian Revolutionary Federation
7040:
6939:Army of Evil: A History of the SS
6165:The Waffen-SS: A European History
5777:The Waffen-SS: A European History
5534:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
5469:The Waffen-SS: A European History
4402:André, André & Kohlbauer 2022
2584:foreign volunteers and conscripts
2544:
2041:Known as ‘Sommer's Guard Corps’.
1634:incorporated into the Waffen- SS
1592:SS Ski Jäger Battalion "Norwegen"
1519:35th SS-Police Grenadier Division
1394:Volksdeutsche from the Hungarian
1377:Schutzmannschaft-Brigade Siegling
973:3rd Estonian SS Volunteer Brigade
836:13th Division of the SS Handschar
832:SS Waffen Gebirgsjäger Regiment 2
484:After the war, members of Baltic
7845:Russian People's Liberation Army
7807:National Committee of Azerbaijan
7124:
6725:. Kansallisarkisto Riksarkivet.
5388:"Avalon Project–Yale University"
5344:Afiero, M.; Bujeiro, R. (2021).
5323:Afiero, M.; Bujeiro, R. (2020).
3175:Avalon Project–Yale University,
2748:
2716:
2704:
2695:
2686:
1640:SS Volunteer Sturmbrigade France
1445:and other French collaborators.
1283:was admitted into the Waffen SS
1040:Albanian Muslims (mostly Kosovo
95:(SS Command Main Office) led by
7857:Slovak Expeditionary Army Group
7156:Allgemeine-SS regional commands
6764:from the original on 2021-08-23
6293:from the original on 2021-10-19
5631:Waffen-SS: Hitler's Army at War
5315:
2677:
2668:
2656:
2643:
2627:
2618:
2606:
1748:1st Hungarian SS-Ski Battalion
1688:SS-Freiwilligen Legion Flandern
1659:, which became the core of the
894:Don, Cuban, Terek and Siberian
744:(1st Albanian) as a battalion.
668:5th SS Panzer Division 'Wiking'
617:1st SS Cossack Cavalry Division
555:1st SS Cossack Cavalry Division
499:14th Waffen-SS Galicia Division
7366:SS-Begleitkommando des Führers
7208:Personal Staff Reichsführer-SS
6956:Zaugg, Franziska Anna (2021).
6844:. Cambridge University Press.
6503:. Cambridge University Press.
5958:. R. James Bender Publishing.
5555:. Christie file. S. Christie.
5428:German Mountain Troops 1942–45
4623:Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019
4599:Pajunen & Karjalainen 2019
2596:
2532:
2506:
1946:Foreign units under SS command
1:
7953:Collaborationist Chinese Army
7335:Secret State Police (Gestapo)
7213:Command Staff Reichsführer-SS
6987:Contemporary European History
6881:10.1080/0031322X.2016.1243346
2997:Kott, Bubnys & Kraft 2017
2788:
2664:5th SS Panzer Division Wiking
2360:SS East Turk Armed Formation
1730:Finnish SS-Company 'Kalevala'
1609:6th SS Mountain Division Nord
662:Disbanded in September 1941.
643:5th SS Panzer Division Wiking
447:for its major involvement in
152:Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler
7599:German Earth and Stone Works
7594:Deutsche Wirtschaftsbetriebe
7547:Germaansche SS in Vlaanderen
7470:Security Battalions (Greece)
7340:State Security Police (SiPo)
7313:Police and security services
6526:. Cornell University Press.
6220:Müller, Rolf-Dieter (2012).
2793:
2047:Volunteer Legion Netherlands
1414:23rd Mountain Division 'Kama
928:Latvian SS Volunteer Legion
597:2nd Cossack Cavalry Division
585:2nd Cossack Cavalry Division
515:Foreign Waffen-SS formations
291:, the territory of occupied
191:Recruitment and conscription
23:Ukrainian volunteers of the
7:
7938:Central Asian collaborators
7754:Battaglione Azad Hindoustan
7574:Finnish Volunteer Battalion
7542:Germaansche SS in Nederland
7350:Customs Border Guards (ZGS)
6414:Reitlinger, Gerald (1989).
6201:Mueggenberg, Brent (2020).
6182:Mole, Richard C.M. (2012).
5933:Littlejohn, David (1987b).
5815:Lappalainen, Niilo (1997).
5667:Gutmann, Martin R. (2017).
5648:Griffiths, Richard (2005).
5633:. New York: Da Capo Press.
5471:. Oxford University Press.
4957:Brnardic & Aralica 2016
2768:escape of 7,000 Danish Jews
2612:The original German reads:
2552:
2154:Disbanded in February 1944
1915:personnel, merged into the
1402:region and members of the
1354:Disbanded in December 1944
885:XV SS Cossack Cavalry Corps
621:XV SS Cossack Cavalry Corps
589:XV SS Cossack Cavalry Corps
418:
10:
8387:
7988:First Indian National Army
7233:Reich Security Main Office
5914:Littlejohn, David (1987).
5710:Hetmanchuk, M. P. (2019).
5507:Broderick, George (2005).
5175:Rubin & Schwanitz 2014
4680:Kursietis & Munoz 1999
4263:Tessin & Kannapin 2000
3597:McCroden & Nutter 2019
2649:Also see: Richard Rashke,
2474:
2466:
2455:
2447:
2431:
2423:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2396:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2362:
2359:
2355:
2352:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2274:
2271:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2243:
2240:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2161:
2158:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2029:
2026:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1949:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1858:
1849:
1846:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1785:
1782:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1767:
1764:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1558:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1476:
1470:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1411:
1408:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1350:
1344:
1339:
1333:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1070:
1049:
1046:
1039:
1034:
1025:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1005:
1000:
987:
984:
981:
976:
971:
966:
963:
960:
955:
950:
941:
938:
935:
930:
927:
923:
920:
917:
912:
907:
902:
899:
893:
888:
883:
878:
875:
872:
867:
862:
857:
854:
851:
846:
841:
829:
826:
823:
818:
815:
810:
807:
804:
799:
794:
786:
783:
780:
775:
769:
764:
761:
758:
753:
748:
739:
736:
726:
721:
716:
703:
700:
697:
692:
689:VI SS Army Corps (Latvian)
687:
682:
679:
676:
671:
666:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
640:
637:
634:
629:
626:
614:
611:
605:
600:
595:
582:
579:
563:
558:
553:
518:
271:After Germany invaded the
230:SS-Germanischen Leitstelle
120:
107:Oberkommando der Wehrmacht
8082:
8059:Vietnamese collaborators
7958:Defenders of the Homeland
7909:
7708:
7698:
7694:
7587:SS-controlled enterprises
7586:
7522:
7478:
7388:
7379:
7358:
7312:
7277:
7200:
7164:
7133:
7122:
7097:
6999:10.1017/S0960777313000374
6962:(in German). De Gruyter.
6915:Tomasevich, Jozo (1975).
6738:Westerlund, Lars (2019).
6721:Westerlund, Lars (2010).
6577:Thurlow, Richard (1998).
6562:10.1080/13518040701378360
6460:. Yale University Press.
6332:Plakans, Andrejs (2011).
6224:. New York: I.B. Taurus.
5853:Larsson, Lars T. (2015).
5836:The SS: A History 1919–45
5591:Flaherty, T. H. (2004) .
4707:Bernád & Kliment 2015
4587:Odegard & Deeter 1968
4560:Afiero & Bujeiro 2021
4548:Afiero & Bujeiro 2021
4538:, pp. 161, 170, 172.
4443:Odegard & Deeter 1968
4088:Afiero & Bujeiro 2021
4076:Afiero & Bujeiro 2021
3366:Afiero & Bujeiro 2020
3333:Afiero & Bujeiro 2020
2522:
2514:
2498:
2257:Breton SS Armed Formation
1760:Formed of two battalions
401:20th Estonian SS Division
149:Berlin, which became the
8044:Taiwanese collaborators
7872:Ukrainian Insurgent Army
7812:National Republican Army
7802:Latvian Auxiliary Police
7727:Albanian Fascist Militia
7345:SS Security Service (SD)
7279:Ideological institutions
6659:U.S. Government (1949).
6518:Stein, George H (1984).
6500:Joining Hitler's Crusade
6378:. Taylor & Francis.
5980:Heinrich Himmler: A Life
5857:. Helion & Company.
5629:Gilbert, Adrian (2019).
5610:Forbes, Robert (2010) .
2764:Germanische Leitstelle's
2653:, Open Road Media (2013)
2589:
2511:Total: 20,000 to 25,000
2490:
2482:
2248:by SS and Police Leader
479:Cossack prisoners of war
8025:Royal Thai Armed Forces
8020:Manchukuo Imperial Army
8005:Lanka Sama Samaja Party
7943:East Turkestan military
7933:Burma Independence Army
7840:Russian Liberation Army
7797:Kalmykian Cavalry Corps
7759:Belarusian Home Defence
7723:Albanian collaborators
7460:Order Police battalions
7371:Reichssicherheitsdienst
7330:Criminal police (Kripo)
7320:Uniformed police (Orpo)
7228:Head Operational Office
6919:. Stanford University.
6898:Kosovo: War and Revenge
6638:Tomasevich, J. (2002).
6617:Tomasevich, J. (2001).
6433:van Roekel, E. (2022).
5952:Littlejohn, D. (1994).
5893:Littlejohn, D. (1979).
5756:Jokipii, Mauno (2002).
5593:The Third Reich: The SS
2307:Caucasian-Muslim Legion
2112:Serbian Volunteer Corps
1661:SS Division Charlemagne
1064:SS "Handschar" division
650:SS Regiment ‘Nordwest’
627:SS Regiment ‘Westland’
371:included recruits from
228:Not all members of the
61:Karl-Gustav Sauberzweig
8029:Russian collaborators
8015:Malayan Volunteer Army
7836:Russian collaborators
7779:Finnish Defence Forces
7610:German Equipment Works
7325:Schutzpolizei (Schupo)
6817:Zabecki, D.T. (2015).
6798:Wegner, Bernd (2010).
6351:Radanović, M. (2016).
6141:Mitcham, S.W. (2007).
5834:Koehl, Robert (2004).
5716:Гілея: науковий вісник
3110:Młynarczyk et al. 2017
3098:Młynarczyk et al. 2017
3062:Młynarczyk et al. 2017
2862:, pp. 56, 57, 66.
2471:Total: 1,180 to 3,000
2428:Total: 6,500 to 8,000
2129:
2104:Konstantin Kammerhofer
1743:Disbanded in May 1945
1724:disbanded in mid-1943
1058:, as well as Croatian
432:
242:
203:
83:German-occupied Europe
64:
32:
8038:Russian Fascist Party
7894:Polish Wehrmacht Army
7822:Romanian Armed Forces
7774:Croatian Armed Forces
7504:SS Division Totenkopf
7499:SS Division Das Reich
7494:Leibstandarte (LSSAH)
6869:Patterns of Prejudice
6704:The SS: A New History
6547:(in German). Mittler.
6475:Savin, Kyryl (2021).
6101:McNab, Chris (2009).
5999:Lloret, M.P. (2020).
5937:. Bender Publishing.
5918:. Bender Publishing.
5735:Johansen, C. (2016).
5695:. The History Press.
5652:. London: Continuum.
5549:Christie, S. (2003).
5530:Buttar, Prit (2013).
5406:Bender, R.J. (1971).
2368:Turkic ethnic groups
2184:St. Wenceslas Company
2159:North African Legion
2130:Serbisches S.S. Korps
1773:Hungarian volunteers
1460:Hungarian volunteers
1208:Hungarian volunteers
1130:on 10 February 1945.
852:Ukrainian volunteers
606:Don, Cuban and Terek
454:Belgian collaborator
445:criminal organisation
426:
395:. Early in 1943, the
238:
200:Finnish SS volunteers
198:
38:
22:
8000:Korean collaborators
7995:Inner Mongolian Army
7983:Indian National Army
7827:Royal Hungarian Army
7146:SS and police leader
7110:SS-Totenkopfverbände
6678:Walters, G. (2010).
6372:Ramet, S.P. (2020).
6239:Muñoz, A.J. (2001).
6120:Merriam, R. (1999).
5234:, pp. 136, 137.
5095:Bougarel et al. 2017
3903:Bougarel et al. 2017
3226:U.S. Government 1949
3153:, pp. 155, 156.
3023:, pp. 611, 612.
3011:, pp. 172, 179.
2955:, pp. 500, 674.
2928:, pp. 150, 153.
1956:adding missing items
525:adding missing items
316:as well as men from
277:Operation Barbarossa
250:SS Division Nordland
52:Haj Amin al-Husseini
25:SS Galician Division
8053:Takasago Volunteers
7968:Gando Special Force
7919:Arakan Defense Army
7852:Security Battalions
7509:SS Polizei Division
7488:SS-Verfügungstruppe
7480:Waffen-SS divisions
7433:Rollkommando Hamann
7008:20.500.11850/319670
6900:. Yale University.
6896:Judah, Tim (2002).
6541:Tessin, G. (1965).
6497:Stahel, D. (2018).
6147:. Stackpole Books.
6105:. Amber Books Ltd.
5899:. R.J. Bender Pub.
5614:. Stackpole Books.
5452:. Helion, Limited.
5425:Béraud, Y. (2021).
5285:, pp. 136–137.
4185:, pp. 325–326.
4173:, pp. 390–391.
3732:, pp. 498–499.
3512:, pp. 242–243.
3228:, pp. 174–177.
3216:, pp. 264–273.
3204:, pp. 329–330.
3100:, pp. 166–167.
3035:, pp. 178–189.
2940:, pp. 213–214.
2898:, pp. 201–204.
2440:Bohemia and Moravia
2275:Established by the
2173:Established by the
1911:Formed from former
1490:Landstorm Nederland
942:Merged to form the
873:Latvian conscripts
158:SS-Verfügungstruppe
92:SS Führungshauptamt
50:being inspected by
7862:Slovene Home Guard
7564:British Free Corps
7552:Germanske SS Norge
7514:SS Division Wiking
7293:Das Schwarze Korps
6968:20.500.12657/52340
6838:Zakić, M. (2017).
6305:Pencz, R. (2010).
6048:Manes, L. (2023).
5872:Lepre, G. (1997).
5838:. Stroud: Tempus.
5570:Estes, K. (2015).
4652:, p. 114–115.
4637:, p. 158-160.
2778:(August 2018) at:
2576:in popular culture
2286:British Free Corps
1995:Danish volunteers
1585:6th SS Panzer Army
1443:Brigade Frankreich
1002:Estonian SS Legion
433:
369:SS Division Wiking
258:SS Division Wiking
204:
65:
42:volunteers of the
33:
8358:
8357:
8354:
8353:
8337:
8188:
8078:
8077:
7949:Chin Defense Army
7913:collaborationists
7884:Wehrmacht foreign
7879:Waffen-SS foreign
7783:
7717:collaborationists
7650:
7649:
7582:
7581:
7359:Führer protection
7299:SS-Junker Schools
6977:978-3-11-073077-7
6948:978-0-451-23791-0
6907:978-0-300-09725-2
6851:978-1-107-17184-8
6830:978-1-135-81242-3
6809:978-3-506-76313-6
6754:978-951-858-111-9
6713:978-1-4087-0304-5
6706:. Little, Brown.
6691:978-0-553-81939-7
6651:978-0-8047-7924-1
6630:978-0-8047-7924-1
6609:978-1-78096-734-9
6588:978-1-86064-337-8
6533:978-0-8014-9275-4
6510:978-1-316-51034-6
6467:978-0-300-14090-3
6446:978-1-64889-334-6
6425:978-0-306-80351-2
6418:. Da Capo Press.
6406:978-0-85745-043-2
6393:Rein, L. (2011).
6385:978-1-00-015499-3
6364:978-86-88745-16-1
6343:978-0-521-83372-1
6318:978-0-8117-3582-7
6266:. DO Enterprises.
6252:978-1-891227-39-4
6231:978-1-78076-072-8
6212:978-1-4766-3802-7
6193:978-0-415-39497-0
6174:978-0-19-879055-6
6154:978-0-8117-3438-7
6133:978-1-57638-168-7
6112:978-1-906626-49-5
6103:The SS: 1923–1945
6093:978-1-61121-101-6
6072:Ratnici mira: Rat
6061:979-1-255-89047-8
6033:978-0-8232-3977-1
6012:978-84-9168-365-0
5991:978-0-19-959232-6
5965:978-0-912138-29-9
5944:978-0-91213-822-0
5906:978-0-912138-22-0
5885:978-0-7643-0134-6
5864:978-1-909384-11-8
5845:978-0-7524-2559-7
5807:978-1-891227-28-8
5786:978-0-19-879055-6
5748:978-1-4738-5315-7
5741:. Pen and Sword.
5702:978-0-7524-5974-5
5687:Hale, Christopher
5678:978-1-107-15543-5
5659:978-0-8264-7856-6
5640:978-0-306-82465-4
5621:978-0-8117-3581-0
5583:978-1-912174-25-6
5562:978-1-873976-19-7
5541:978-1-4728-0287-3
5499:978-1-4728-1769-3
5478:978-0-19-879055-6
5459:978-1-912174-49-2
5438:978-1-61200-947-6
5378:978-3-347-58486-0
5357:978-1-4728-4429-3
5336:978-1-4728-4030-1
4959:, pp. 39–40.
3570:, pp. 38–42.
2886:, pp. 56–66.
2728:978-9-1765-7208-5
2635:Russian Civil War
2416:
2415:
2278:Sicherheitsdienst
2250:Karl von Krempler
2204:Slovene Home Army
2193:Czech volunteers
2176:Sicherheitsdienst
1986:Freikorps Danmark
1943:
1942:
1273:Belgian Walloons
1052:League of Prizren
645:in December 1940
179:did not want the
8378:
8335:
8186:
7832:Royal Iraqi Army
7781:
7706:
7705:
7696:
7695:
7677:
7670:
7663:
7654:
7653:
7622:Allach porcelain
7569:Kaminski Brigade
7524:Foreign SS units
7401:Schutzmannschaft
7386:
7385:
7269:Education Office
7264:Personnel Office
7223:SS Medical Corps
7201:Main departments
7187:Heinrich Himmler
7177:Joseph Berchtold
7128:
7081:
7074:
7067:
7058:
7057:
7036:
7010:
6981:
6952:
6930:
6911:
6892:
6875:(4–5): 420–444.
6855:
6834:
6813:
6794:
6772:
6770:
6769:
6763:
6746:
6734:
6717:
6695:
6674:
6655:
6634:
6613:
6592:
6573:
6548:
6537:
6525:
6514:
6493:
6491:
6489:
6471:
6450:
6429:
6410:
6389:
6368:
6347:
6328:
6326:
6325:
6301:
6299:
6298:
6292:
6277:
6267:
6256:
6235:
6216:
6197:
6178:
6158:
6137:
6116:
6097:
6086:. Savas Beatie.
6076:
6065:
6044:
6042:
6040:
6016:
5995:
5983:
5974:Longerich, Peter
5969:
5948:
5929:
5910:
5889:
5868:
5849:
5830:
5817:Aselevon jälkeen
5811:
5790:
5771:
5752:
5731:
5706:
5682:
5663:
5644:
5625:
5606:
5587:
5566:
5545:
5526:
5524:
5522:
5513:
5503:
5482:
5463:
5442:
5421:
5402:
5400:
5398:
5386:Avalon Project.
5382:
5361:
5340:
5310:
5304:
5298:
5292:
5286:
5280:
5274:
5268:
5262:
5256:
5250:
5244:
5235:
5229:
5223:
5220:Littlejohn 1987b
5217:
5211:
5205:
5199:
5193:
5178:
5172:
5157:
5151:
5140:
5134:
5125:
5119:
5113:
5107:
5098:
5092:
5083:
5077:
5066:
5060:
5047:
5041:
5035:
5029:
5023:
5017:
5011:
5005:
4999:
4993:
4987:
4981:
4972:
4966:
4960:
4954:
4945:
4939:
4933:
4927:
4921:
4915:
4902:
4896:
4890:
4884:
4875:
4869:
4863:
4857:
4851:
4845:
4839:
4833:
4824:
4818:
4812:
4806:
4791:
4785:
4772:
4766:
4757:
4751:
4742:
4736:
4725:
4719:
4710:
4704:
4695:
4689:
4683:
4677:
4668:
4667:, p. 58-72.
4662:
4653:
4650:Lappalainen 1997
4647:
4638:
4632:
4626:
4620:
4614:
4608:
4602:
4596:
4590:
4584:
4578:
4572:
4563:
4557:
4551:
4545:
4539:
4533:
4527:
4521:
4515:
4509:
4503:
4497:
4491:
4485:
4476:
4470:
4461:
4455:
4446:
4440:
4429:
4423:
4417:
4411:
4405:
4399:
4393:
4387:
4370:
4364:
4351:
4345:
4336:
4330:
4324:
4318:
4312:
4306:
4300:
4294:
4285:
4279:
4266:
4260:
4254:
4248:
4242:
4236:
4230:
4224:
4213:
4207:
4201:
4195:
4186:
4180:
4174:
4168:
4159:
4153:
4138:
4132:
4121:
4115:
4106:
4100:
4091:
4085:
4079:
4073:
4064:
4058:
4052:
4046:
4040:
4034:
4025:
4019:
4013:
4007:
4001:
3995:
3984:
3978:
3965:
3959:
3944:
3938:
3925:
3919:
3906:
3900:
3894:
3888:
3882:
3876:
3870:
3864:
3855:
3849:
3840:
3834:
3823:
3817:
3811:
3805:
3796:
3790:
3781:
3775:
3764:
3758:
3745:
3739:
3733:
3727:
3718:
3712:
3699:
3693:
3687:
3681:
3672:
3666:
3660:
3654:
3648:
3642:
3615:
3609:
3600:
3594:
3583:
3577:
3571:
3565:
3552:
3546:
3537:
3531:
3525:
3519:
3513:
3507:
3498:
3492:
3483:
3477:
3462:
3456:
3450:
3444:
3438:
3432:
3426:
3420:
3411:
3405:
3399:
3393:
3384:
3378:
3369:
3363:
3348:
3342:
3336:
3330:
3321:
3315:
3309:
3303:
3294:
3288:
3277:
3271:
3260:
3254:
3241:
3235:
3229:
3223:
3217:
3214:Mueggenberg 2020
3211:
3205:
3199:
3193:
3187:
3181:
3172:
3166:
3160:
3154:
3148:
3142:
3136:
3130:
3124:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3095:
3089:
3083:
3077:
3071:
3065:
3059:
3048:
3042:
3036:
3030:
3024:
3018:
3012:
3006:
3000:
2994:
2985:
2979:
2968:
2962:
2956:
2950:
2941:
2935:
2929:
2923:
2914:
2908:
2899:
2893:
2887:
2881:
2875:
2869:
2863:
2857:
2851:
2845:
2836:
2830:
2824:
2818:
2809:
2803:
2782:
2752:
2746:
2720:
2714:
2708:
2702:
2699:
2693:
2690:
2684:
2681:
2675:
2672:
2666:
2660:
2654:
2647:
2641:
2631:
2625:
2622:
2616:
2610:
2604:
2600:
2365:
2313:
2292:
2263:
2231:
2210:
2190:
2164:
2145:
2132:
2118:
2082:
2053:
2032:
2013:
1992:
1965:
1964:
1960:reliable sources
1931:
1902:
1826:
1788:
1770:
1715:
1694:
1646:
1622:
1616:Norwegian Legion
1598:
1583:Attached to the
1574:
1546:
1525:
1504:
1479:
1457:
1428:
1391:
1366:
1342:
1337:(Russian No. 2)
1320:
1306:Kaminski Brigade
1304:Formed from the
1295:
1279:Formed when the
1251:
1235:Formed from the
1226:
1205:
1184:
1163:
1142:
1117:
1096:
1037:
1008:
988:Formed from the
979:
958:
933:
915:
891:
870:
849:
821:
802:
778:
756:
724:
695:
674:
632:
603:
561:
534:
533:
529:reliable sources
437:Nuremberg trials
279:, recruits from
217:Battle of France
102:Heinrich Himmler
57:SS-Brigadeführer
8386:
8385:
8381:
8380:
8379:
8377:
8376:
8375:
8361:
8360:
8359:
8350:
8103:Italian Albania
8074:
7905:
7713:
7690:
7681:
7651:
7646:
7578:
7557:Schalburg Corps
7518:
7474:
7381:Waffen-SS units
7375:
7354:
7308:
7273:
7196:
7160:
7141:Reichsführer-SS
7129:
7120:
7093:
7085:
7043:
6978:
6949:
6927:
6908:
6863:
6861:Further reading
6858:
6852:
6831:
6810:
6791:
6767:
6765:
6761:
6755:
6744:
6714:
6692:
6652:
6631:
6610:
6589:
6581:. I.B. Tauris.
6534:
6511:
6487:
6485:
6468:
6447:
6426:
6407:
6386:
6365:
6344:
6323:
6321:
6319:
6296:
6294:
6290:
6275:
6253:
6232:
6213:
6194:
6175:
6155:
6134:
6113:
6094:
6062:
6038:
6036:
6034:
6013:
5992:
5966:
5945:
5926:
5907:
5886:
5865:
5846:
5827:
5808:
5787:
5768:
5749:
5703:
5679:
5660:
5641:
5622:
5603:
5584:
5563:
5542:
5520:
5518:
5511:
5500:
5479:
5460:
5439:
5396:
5394:
5379:
5358:
5337:
5318:
5313:
5305:
5301:
5293:
5289:
5281:
5277:
5269:
5265:
5257:
5253:
5245:
5238:
5230:
5226:
5218:
5214:
5206:
5202:
5194:
5181:
5173:
5160:
5152:
5143:
5135:
5128:
5122:Littlejohn 1987
5120:
5116:
5112:, pp. 5–7.
5108:
5101:
5093:
5086:
5080:Littlejohn 1994
5078:
5069:
5063:Littlejohn 1987
5061:
5050:
5042:
5038:
5030:
5026:
5018:
5014:
5008:Littlejohn 1994
5006:
5002:
4994:
4990:
4984:Tomasevich 2001
4982:
4975:
4969:Tomasevich 2002
4967:
4963:
4955:
4948:
4940:
4936:
4930:van Roekel 2022
4928:
4924:
4918:Littlejohn 1987
4916:
4905:
4899:Littlejohn 1987
4897:
4893:
4887:Littlejohn 1987
4885:
4878:
4872:Littlejohn 1987
4870:
4866:
4858:
4854:
4846:
4842:
4834:
4827:
4819:
4815:
4807:
4794:
4786:
4775:
4767:
4760:
4752:
4745:
4737:
4728:
4720:
4713:
4705:
4698:
4690:
4686:
4678:
4671:
4665:Westerlund 2010
4663:
4656:
4648:
4641:
4633:
4629:
4621:
4617:
4611:Westerlund 2019
4609:
4605:
4597:
4593:
4585:
4581:
4573:
4566:
4558:
4554:
4546:
4542:
4536:Littlejohn 1987
4534:
4530:
4522:
4518:
4510:
4506:
4498:
4494:
4486:
4479:
4471:
4464:
4456:
4449:
4441:
4432:
4424:
4420:
4412:
4408:
4400:
4396:
4388:
4373:
4365:
4354:
4348:Littlejohn 1987
4346:
4339:
4331:
4327:
4321:Littlejohn 1987
4319:
4315:
4307:
4303:
4297:Littlejohn 1994
4295:
4288:
4280:
4269:
4261:
4257:
4249:
4245:
4237:
4233:
4225:
4216:
4208:
4204:
4196:
4189:
4181:
4177:
4169:
4162:
4154:
4141:
4133:
4124:
4118:Littlejohn 1979
4116:
4109:
4101:
4094:
4086:
4082:
4074:
4067:
4059:
4055:
4047:
4043:
4035:
4028:
4022:Littlejohn 1994
4020:
4016:
4008:
4004:
3996:
3987:
3981:van Roekel 2022
3979:
3968:
3960:
3947:
3939:
3928:
3922:Littlejohn 1994
3920:
3909:
3901:
3897:
3889:
3885:
3877:
3873:
3867:Tomasevich 2002
3865:
3858:
3850:
3843:
3835:
3826:
3818:
3814:
3806:
3799:
3791:
3784:
3776:
3767:
3759:
3748:
3744:, pp. 496.
3742:Tomasevich 2001
3740:
3736:
3730:Tomasevich 2001
3728:
3721:
3713:
3702:
3698:, p. 1949.
3694:
3690:
3682:
3675:
3667:
3663:
3655:
3651:
3643:
3618:
3610:
3603:
3595:
3586:
3578:
3574:
3568:Hetmanchuk 2019
3566:
3555:
3547:
3540:
3532:
3528:
3522:Tomasevich 2002
3520:
3516:
3508:
3501:
3493:
3486:
3478:
3465:
3457:
3453:
3445:
3441:
3433:
3429:
3425:, p. 1942.
3421:
3414:
3406:
3402:
3394:
3387:
3381:Littlejohn 1979
3379:
3372:
3364:
3351:
3345:Littlejohn 1979
3343:
3339:
3331:
3324:
3316:
3312:
3304:
3297:
3289:
3280:
3272:
3263:
3255:
3244:
3236:
3232:
3224:
3220:
3212:
3208:
3200:
3196:
3188:
3184:
3173:
3169:
3161:
3157:
3149:
3145:
3137:
3133:
3125:
3116:
3108:
3104:
3096:
3092:
3084:
3080:
3072:
3068:
3060:
3051:
3043:
3039:
3031:
3027:
3019:
3015:
3007:
3003:
2995:
2988:
2980:
2971:
2963:
2959:
2951:
2944:
2936:
2932:
2924:
2917:
2909:
2902:
2894:
2890:
2882:
2878:
2872:Reitlinger 1989
2870:
2866:
2858:
2854:
2846:
2839:
2831:
2827:
2819:
2812:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2785:
2753:
2749:
2721:
2717:
2709:
2705:
2700:
2696:
2691:
2687:
2682:
2678:
2673:
2669:
2661:
2657:
2648:
2644:
2632:
2628:
2623:
2619:
2611:
2607:
2601:
2597:
2592:
2555:
2547:
2535:
2525:
2517:
2509:
2501:
2493:
2485:
2477:
2469:
2458:
2450:
2442:
2434:
2426:
2421:
2139:Serbian Gestapo
2099:for Croatia SS-
2097:Plenipotentiary
2007:Schalburg Corps
1963:
1948:
1765:SS-Brigade Ney
1060:Ustaša militias
990:Estonian Legion
532:
517:
512:
443:was declared a
421:
193:
125:
119:
114:History of the
98:Reichsführer-SS
63:, November 1943
17:
12:
11:
5:
8384:
8374:
8373:
8356:
8355:
8352:
8351:
8349:
8348:
8343:
8338:
8330:
8329:
8328:
8323:
8318:
8317:
8316:
8301:
8296:
8291:
8286:
8281:
8276:
8271:
8266:
8261:
8256:
8251:
8246:
8241:
8236:
8231:
8230:
8229:
8224:
8219:
8209:
8204:
8199:
8194:
8189:
8181:
8176:
8171:
8170:
8169:
8164:
8159:
8157:East Turkestan
8149:
8144:
8139:
8134:
8129:
8128:
8127:
8122:
8117:
8107:
8106:
8105:
8100:
8098:German Albania
8089:
8087:
8085:Axis countries
8080:
8079:
8076:
8075:
8073:
8072:
8071:
8070:
8068:Vanguard Youth
8065:
8057:
8056:
8055:
8050:
8042:
8041:
8040:
8035:
8027:
8022:
8017:
8012:
8007:
8002:
7997:
7992:
7991:
7990:
7980:
7975:
7970:
7965:
7960:
7955:
7950:
7947:
7946:
7945:
7935:
7930:
7925:
7923:Armistice Army
7920:
7916:
7914:
7907:
7906:
7904:
7903:
7902:
7901:
7896:
7891:
7881:
7876:
7875:
7874:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7849:
7848:
7847:
7842:
7834:
7829:
7824:
7819:
7814:
7809:
7804:
7799:
7794:
7789:
7784:
7776:
7771:
7766:
7761:
7756:
7751:
7749:Armistice Army
7746:
7741:
7740:
7739:
7734:
7732:Balli Kombëtar
7729:
7720:
7718:
7703:
7692:
7691:
7688:Imperial Japan
7680:
7679:
7672:
7665:
7657:
7648:
7647:
7645:
7644:
7639:
7634:
7629:
7624:
7619:
7618:
7617:
7615:Klinker-Zement
7612:
7607:
7602:
7590:
7588:
7584:
7583:
7580:
7579:
7577:
7576:
7571:
7566:
7561:
7560:
7559:
7554:
7549:
7544:
7534:
7528:
7526:
7520:
7519:
7517:
7516:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7496:
7491:
7484:
7482:
7476:
7475:
7473:
7472:
7467:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7451:
7450:
7448:Volksdeutscher
7440:
7438:Arajs Kommando
7435:
7430:
7429:
7428:
7423:
7418:
7413:
7408:
7398:
7396:Einsatzgruppen
7392:
7390:
7383:
7377:
7376:
7374:
7373:
7368:
7362:
7360:
7356:
7355:
7353:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7316:
7314:
7310:
7309:
7307:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7289:
7283:
7281:
7275:
7274:
7272:
7271:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7230:
7225:
7220:
7218:SS Main Office
7215:
7210:
7204:
7202:
7198:
7197:
7195:
7194:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7174:
7172:Julius Schreck
7168:
7166:
7162:
7161:
7159:
7158:
7153:
7148:
7143:
7137:
7135:
7131:
7130:
7123:
7121:
7119:
7118:
7113:
7107:
7101:
7099:
7095:
7094:
7084:
7083:
7076:
7069:
7061:
7055:
7054:
7042:
7041:External links
7039:
7038:
7037:
6993:(4): 585–607.
6982:
6976:
6953:
6947:
6931:
6925:
6912:
6906:
6893:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6856:
6850:
6835:
6829:
6814:
6808:
6795:
6789:
6773:
6753:
6735:
6718:
6712:
6696:
6690:
6675:
6656:
6650:
6635:
6629:
6614:
6608:
6593:
6587:
6574:
6549:
6538:
6532:
6515:
6509:
6494:
6482:Deutsche Welle
6472:
6466:
6451:
6445:
6430:
6424:
6411:
6405:
6390:
6384:
6369:
6363:
6348:
6342:
6329:
6317:
6302:
6268:
6257:
6251:
6236:
6230:
6217:
6211:
6198:
6192:
6179:
6173:
6159:
6153:
6138:
6132:
6117:
6111:
6098:
6092:
6077:
6066:
6060:
6045:
6032:
6017:
6011:
5996:
5990:
5970:
5964:
5949:
5943:
5930:
5925:978-0912138176
5924:
5911:
5905:
5890:
5884:
5869:
5863:
5850:
5844:
5831:
5825:
5812:
5806:
5791:
5785:
5772:
5766:
5753:
5747:
5732:
5707:
5701:
5683:
5677:
5664:
5658:
5645:
5639:
5626:
5620:
5607:
5601:
5588:
5582:
5567:
5561:
5546:
5540:
5527:
5504:
5498:
5483:
5477:
5464:
5458:
5443:
5437:
5422:
5403:
5383:
5377:
5362:
5356:
5341:
5335:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5311:
5299:
5287:
5275:
5273:, p. 189.
5263:
5261:, p. 161.
5251:
5249:, p. 169.
5236:
5224:
5222:, p. 238.
5212:
5210:, p. 136.
5200:
5179:
5177:, p. 149.
5158:
5156:, p. 330.
5141:
5139:, p. 168.
5126:
5124:, p. 185.
5114:
5110:Broderick 2005
5099:
5097:, p. 266.
5084:
5082:, p. 261.
5067:
5065:, p. 184.
5048:
5046:, p. 595.
5044:Radanović 2016
5036:
5034:, p. 183.
5024:
5022:, p. 117.
5012:
5010:, p. 255.
5000:
4998:, p. 596.
4988:
4986:, p. 194.
4973:
4971:, p. 285.
4961:
4946:
4934:
4922:
4920:, p. 112.
4903:
4901:, p. 107.
4891:
4889:, p. 102.
4876:
4864:
4852:
4840:
4825:
4823:, p. 228.
4813:
4811:, p. 205.
4792:
4790:, p. 390.
4773:
4771:, p. 332.
4758:
4743:
4726:
4724:, p. 391.
4711:
4709:, p. 295.
4696:
4694:, p. 318.
4684:
4669:
4654:
4639:
4627:
4615:
4603:
4591:
4579:
4577:, p. 154.
4564:
4552:
4540:
4528:
4516:
4504:
4502:, p. 334.
4492:
4490:, p. 329.
4477:
4475:, p. 362.
4462:
4447:
4430:
4428:, p. 265.
4418:
4406:
4404:, p. 155.
4394:
4392:, p. 102.
4371:
4369:, p. 101.
4352:
4350:, p. 170.
4337:
4335:, p. 709.
4325:
4323:, p. 172.
4313:
4311:, p. 145.
4301:
4299:, p. 120.
4286:
4284:, p. 432.
4267:
4265:, p. 105.
4255:
4243:
4241:, p. 375.
4231:
4229:, p. 370.
4214:
4212:, p. 100.
4202:
4200:, p. 389.
4187:
4175:
4160:
4158:, p. 246.
4139:
4137:, p. 430.
4122:
4120:, p. 177.
4107:
4092:
4080:
4065:
4053:
4051:, p. 429.
4041:
4026:
4024:, p. 267.
4014:
4002:
4000:, p. 244.
3985:
3966:
3964:, p. 388.
3945:
3943:, p. 428.
3926:
3907:
3905:, p. 256.
3895:
3893:, p. 102.
3883:
3871:
3869:, p. 154.
3856:
3854:, p. 255.
3841:
3824:
3812:
3810:, p. 427.
3797:
3782:
3780:, p. 256.
3765:
3746:
3734:
3719:
3700:
3688:
3686:, p. 426.
3673:
3671:, p. 211.
3661:
3659:, p. 243.
3649:
3647:, p. 676.
3616:
3614:, p. 251.
3601:
3599:, p. 122.
3584:
3582:, p. 103.
3572:
3553:
3551:, p. 225.
3538:
3536:, p. 220.
3526:
3514:
3499:
3497:, p. 223.
3484:
3463:
3451:
3439:
3437:, p. 120.
3427:
3412:
3410:, p. 132.
3400:
3385:
3383:, p. 194.
3370:
3349:
3347:, p. 193.
3337:
3322:
3310:
3295:
3293:, p. 400.
3278:
3276:, p. 189.
3261:
3242:
3230:
3218:
3206:
3194:
3192:, p. 144.
3190:Griffiths 2005
3182:
3167:
3165:, p. 251.
3155:
3143:
3131:
3129:, p. 357.
3114:
3112:, p. 167.
3102:
3090:
3088:, p. 324.
3078:
3066:
3064:, p. 200.
3049:
3037:
3025:
3021:Longerich 2012
3013:
3001:
2999:, p. 162.
2986:
2984:, p. 298.
2969:
2967:, p. 769.
2965:Longerich 2012
2957:
2953:Longerich 2012
2942:
2930:
2915:
2913:, p. 204.
2900:
2888:
2876:
2864:
2852:
2850:, p. 144.
2837:
2825:
2823:, p. 133.
2810:
2808:, p. 223.
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2762:leader of the
2747:
2715:
2703:
2694:
2685:
2676:
2667:
2655:
2642:
2626:
2617:
2605:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2578:
2570:
2565:
2554:
2551:
2546:
2545:United Kingdom
2543:
2534:
2531:
2524:
2521:
2516:
2513:
2508:
2505:
2503:Total: 80,000
2500:
2497:
2495:Total: 15,000
2492:
2489:
2484:
2481:
2479:Total: 20,000
2476:
2473:
2468:
2465:
2457:
2454:
2449:
2446:
2441:
2438:
2433:
2430:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2366:
2361:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2339:, Dagestanis,
2314:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2288:
2282:
2281:
2273:
2270:
2264:
2259:
2253:
2252:
2242:
2239:
2232:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2209:September 1943
2206:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2141:
2135:
2134:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2078:
2072:
2071:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2028:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2009:
2003:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1901:September 1944
1898:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1875:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1848:
1845:
1827:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1784:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1766:
1762:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1726:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1711:
1705:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1693:September 1941
1690:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1597:September 1942
1594:
1588:
1587:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1547:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1475:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1410:
1407:
1392:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1343:
1338:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1319:September 1944
1316:
1310:
1309:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1281:Walloon Legion
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1250:September 1944
1247:
1241:
1240:
1237:Flemish Legion
1233:
1230:
1227:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1159:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1138:
1132:
1131:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1048:
1045:
1042:Gheg Albanians
1038:
1033:
1031:(1st Albanian)
1023:
1022:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1004:
998:
997:
986:
983:
980:
975:
969:
968:
965:
962:
959:
954:
948:
947:
940:
937:
934:
929:
925:
924:
922:
919:
916:
911:
905:
904:
901:
898:
892:
887:
881:
880:
877:
874:
871:
866:
860:
859:
856:
853:
850:
845:
839:
838:
828:
825:
822:
817:
813:
812:
809:
806:
803:
798:
792:
791:
785:
782:
779:
774:
767:
766:
763:
760:
757:
752:
746:
745:
738:
735:
725:
720:
714:
713:
702:
699:
696:
691:
685:
684:
681:
678:
675:
673:September 1940
670:
664:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
647:
646:
639:
636:
633:
628:
624:
623:
613:
610:
604:
599:
593:
592:
581:
578:
562:
557:
551:
550:
547:
544:
541:
538:
516:
513:
511:
508:
427:Former Baltic
420:
417:
344:. By 1943 the
293:Czechoslovakia
192:
189:
147:Sonderkommando
121:Main article:
118:
112:
48:(1st Croatian)
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8383:
8372:
8369:
8368:
8366:
8347:
8344:
8342:
8339:
8334:
8331:
8327:
8324:
8322:
8319:
8315:
8312:
8311:
8310:
8307:
8306:
8305:
8302:
8300:
8297:
8295:
8292:
8290:
8287:
8285:
8282:
8280:
8277:
8275:
8272:
8270:
8267:
8265:
8262:
8260:
8257:
8255:
8252:
8250:
8247:
8245:
8242:
8240:
8237:
8235:
8232:
8228:
8225:
8223:
8220:
8218:
8215:
8214:
8213:
8210:
8208:
8205:
8203:
8200:
8198:
8195:
8193:
8190:
8185:
8182:
8180:
8177:
8175:
8172:
8168:
8165:
8163:
8160:
8158:
8155:
8154:
8153:
8150:
8148:
8145:
8143:
8140:
8138:
8135:
8133:
8130:
8126:
8123:
8121:
8118:
8116:
8113:
8112:
8111:
8110:Baltic states
8108:
8104:
8101:
8099:
8096:
8095:
8094:
8091:
8090:
8088:
8086:
8081:
8069:
8066:
8064:
8061:
8060:
8058:
8054:
8051:
8049:
8046:
8045:
8043:
8039:
8036:
8034:
8033:Asano Brigade
8031:
8030:
8028:
8026:
8023:
8021:
8018:
8016:
8013:
8011:
8008:
8006:
8003:
8001:
7998:
7996:
7993:
7989:
7986:
7985:
7984:
7981:
7979:
7976:
7974:
7973:Golden Square
7971:
7969:
7966:
7964:
7961:
7959:
7956:
7954:
7951:
7948:
7944:
7941:
7940:
7939:
7936:
7934:
7931:
7929:
7928:Black Columns
7926:
7924:
7921:
7918:
7917:
7915:
7912:
7908:
7900:
7897:
7895:
7892:
7890:
7887:
7886:
7885:
7882:
7880:
7877:
7873:
7870:
7869:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7846:
7843:
7841:
7838:
7837:
7835:
7833:
7830:
7828:
7825:
7823:
7820:
7818:
7815:
7813:
7810:
7808:
7805:
7803:
7800:
7798:
7795:
7793:
7790:
7788:
7787:Golden Square
7785:
7780:
7777:
7775:
7772:
7770:
7767:
7765:
7764:Blue Division
7762:
7760:
7757:
7755:
7752:
7750:
7747:
7745:
7742:
7738:
7737:Cham Albanian
7735:
7733:
7730:
7728:
7725:
7724:
7722:
7721:
7719:
7716:
7711:
7707:
7704:
7702:
7697:
7693:
7689:
7685:
7678:
7673:
7671:
7666:
7664:
7659:
7658:
7655:
7643:
7640:
7638:
7635:
7633:
7630:
7628:
7625:
7623:
7620:
7616:
7613:
7611:
7608:
7606:
7603:
7600:
7597:
7596:
7595:
7592:
7591:
7589:
7585:
7575:
7572:
7570:
7567:
7565:
7562:
7558:
7555:
7553:
7550:
7548:
7545:
7543:
7540:
7539:
7538:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7529:
7527:
7525:
7521:
7515:
7512:
7510:
7507:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7489:
7486:
7485:
7483:
7481:
7477:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7463:
7461:
7458:
7456:
7453:
7449:
7446:
7445:
7444:
7441:
7439:
7436:
7434:
7431:
7427:
7424:
7422:
7419:
7417:
7414:
7412:
7409:
7407:
7404:
7403:
7402:
7399:
7397:
7394:
7393:
7391:
7387:
7384:
7382:
7378:
7372:
7369:
7367:
7364:
7363:
7361:
7357:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7343:
7341:
7338:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7317:
7315:
7311:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7294:
7290:
7288:
7285:
7284:
7282:
7280:
7276:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7259:Courts Office
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7234:
7231:
7229:
7226:
7224:
7221:
7219:
7216:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7205:
7203:
7199:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7182:Erhard Heiden
7180:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7169:
7167:
7163:
7157:
7154:
7152:
7149:
7147:
7144:
7142:
7139:
7138:
7136:
7132:
7127:
7117:
7114:
7111:
7108:
7106:
7105:Allgemeine SS
7103:
7102:
7100:
7096:
7091:
7090:
7089:Schutzstaffel
7082:
7077:
7075:
7070:
7068:
7063:
7062:
7059:
7053:, 5 May 2002.
7052:
7051:The Telegraph
7048:
7045:
7044:
7034:
7030:
7026:
7022:
7018:
7014:
7009:
7004:
7000:
6996:
6992:
6988:
6983:
6979:
6973:
6969:
6965:
6961:
6960:
6954:
6950:
6944:
6940:
6936:
6935:Weale, Adrian
6932:
6928:
6926:0-8047-0857-6
6922:
6918:
6913:
6909:
6903:
6899:
6894:
6890:
6886:
6882:
6878:
6874:
6870:
6865:
6864:
6853:
6847:
6843:
6842:
6836:
6832:
6826:
6822:
6821:
6815:
6811:
6805:
6801:
6796:
6792:
6790:0-631-14073-5
6786:
6783:. Blackwell.
6782:
6778:
6777:Wegner, Bernd
6774:
6760:
6756:
6750:
6743:
6742:
6736:
6732:
6728:
6724:
6719:
6715:
6709:
6705:
6701:
6700:Weale, Adrian
6697:
6693:
6687:
6683:
6682:
6676:
6672:
6668:
6664:
6663:
6657:
6653:
6647:
6643:
6642:
6636:
6632:
6626:
6622:
6621:
6615:
6611:
6605:
6601:
6600:
6594:
6590:
6584:
6580:
6575:
6571:
6567:
6563:
6559:
6555:
6550:
6546:
6545:
6539:
6535:
6529:
6524:
6523:
6516:
6512:
6506:
6502:
6501:
6495:
6484:
6483:
6478:
6473:
6469:
6463:
6459:
6458:
6452:
6448:
6442:
6438:
6437:
6431:
6427:
6421:
6417:
6412:
6408:
6402:
6398:
6397:
6391:
6387:
6381:
6377:
6376:
6370:
6366:
6360:
6356:
6355:
6349:
6345:
6339:
6335:
6330:
6320:
6314:
6310:
6309:
6303:
6289:
6285:
6281:
6274:
6269:
6265:
6264:
6258:
6254:
6248:
6244:
6243:
6237:
6233:
6227:
6223:
6218:
6214:
6208:
6205:. McFarland.
6204:
6199:
6195:
6189:
6185:
6180:
6176:
6170:
6166:
6160:
6156:
6150:
6146:
6145:
6139:
6135:
6129:
6125:
6124:
6118:
6114:
6108:
6104:
6099:
6095:
6089:
6085:
6084:
6078:
6074:
6073:
6067:
6063:
6057:
6053:
6052:
6046:
6035:
6029:
6025:
6024:
6018:
6014:
6008:
6004:
6003:
5997:
5993:
5987:
5982:
5981:
5975:
5971:
5967:
5961:
5957:
5956:
5950:
5946:
5940:
5936:
5931:
5927:
5921:
5917:
5912:
5908:
5902:
5898:
5897:
5891:
5887:
5881:
5877:
5876:
5870:
5866:
5860:
5856:
5851:
5847:
5841:
5837:
5832:
5828:
5826:951-0-21813-8
5822:
5818:
5813:
5809:
5803:
5799:
5798:
5792:
5788:
5782:
5778:
5773:
5769:
5767:951-746-335-9
5763:
5759:
5754:
5750:
5744:
5740:
5739:
5733:
5729:
5725:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5708:
5704:
5698:
5694:
5693:
5688:
5684:
5680:
5674:
5670:
5665:
5661:
5655:
5651:
5646:
5642:
5636:
5632:
5627:
5623:
5617:
5613:
5608:
5604:
5602:1-84447-073-3
5598:
5595:. Time-Life.
5594:
5589:
5585:
5579:
5575:
5574:
5568:
5564:
5558:
5554:
5553:
5547:
5543:
5537:
5533:
5528:
5517:
5510:
5505:
5501:
5495:
5491:
5490:
5484:
5480:
5474:
5470:
5465:
5461:
5455:
5451:
5450:
5444:
5440:
5434:
5430:
5429:
5423:
5419:
5415:
5411:
5410:
5404:
5393:
5389:
5384:
5380:
5374:
5370:
5369:
5363:
5359:
5353:
5349:
5348:
5342:
5338:
5332:
5328:
5327:
5321:
5320:
5309:, p. 20.
5308:
5303:
5297:, p. 17.
5296:
5291:
5284:
5279:
5272:
5267:
5260:
5255:
5248:
5243:
5241:
5233:
5228:
5221:
5216:
5209:
5204:
5198:, p. 95.
5197:
5192:
5190:
5188:
5186:
5184:
5176:
5171:
5169:
5167:
5165:
5163:
5155:
5150:
5148:
5146:
5138:
5133:
5131:
5123:
5118:
5111:
5106:
5104:
5096:
5091:
5089:
5081:
5076:
5074:
5072:
5064:
5059:
5057:
5055:
5053:
5045:
5040:
5033:
5028:
5021:
5016:
5009:
5004:
4997:
4992:
4985:
4980:
4978:
4970:
4965:
4958:
4953:
4951:
4944:, p. 73.
4943:
4938:
4932:, p. 23.
4931:
4926:
4919:
4914:
4912:
4910:
4908:
4900:
4895:
4888:
4883:
4881:
4874:, p. 94.
4873:
4868:
4862:, p. 39.
4861:
4856:
4850:, p. 37.
4849:
4844:
4838:, p. 36.
4837:
4832:
4830:
4822:
4817:
4810:
4809:Christie 2003
4805:
4803:
4801:
4799:
4797:
4789:
4784:
4782:
4780:
4778:
4770:
4765:
4763:
4756:, p. 17.
4755:
4750:
4748:
4741:, p. 98.
4740:
4735:
4733:
4731:
4723:
4718:
4716:
4708:
4703:
4701:
4693:
4688:
4682:, p. 61.
4681:
4676:
4674:
4666:
4661:
4659:
4651:
4646:
4644:
4636:
4631:
4625:, p. 28.
4624:
4619:
4613:, p. 12.
4612:
4607:
4601:, p. 14.
4600:
4595:
4589:, p. 11.
4588:
4583:
4576:
4571:
4569:
4562:, p. 18.
4561:
4556:
4550:, p. 19.
4549:
4544:
4537:
4532:
4526:, p. 62.
4525:
4520:
4514:, p. 55.
4513:
4508:
4501:
4496:
4489:
4484:
4482:
4474:
4473:Johansen 2016
4469:
4467:
4460:, p. 54.
4459:
4454:
4452:
4445:, p. 61.
4444:
4439:
4437:
4435:
4427:
4422:
4416:, p. 21.
4415:
4410:
4403:
4398:
4391:
4386:
4384:
4382:
4380:
4378:
4376:
4368:
4363:
4361:
4359:
4357:
4349:
4344:
4342:
4334:
4329:
4322:
4317:
4310:
4305:
4298:
4293:
4291:
4283:
4278:
4276:
4274:
4272:
4264:
4259:
4252:
4247:
4240:
4235:
4228:
4223:
4221:
4219:
4211:
4206:
4199:
4194:
4192:
4184:
4179:
4172:
4167:
4165:
4157:
4152:
4150:
4148:
4146:
4144:
4136:
4131:
4129:
4127:
4119:
4114:
4112:
4105:, p. 20.
4104:
4099:
4097:
4090:, p. 45.
4089:
4084:
4078:, p. 44.
4077:
4072:
4070:
4063:, p. 96.
4062:
4057:
4050:
4045:
4039:, p. 95.
4038:
4033:
4031:
4023:
4018:
4012:, p. 94.
4011:
4006:
3999:
3994:
3992:
3990:
3983:, p. 24.
3982:
3977:
3975:
3973:
3971:
3963:
3958:
3956:
3954:
3952:
3950:
3942:
3937:
3935:
3933:
3931:
3924:, p. 24.
3923:
3918:
3916:
3914:
3912:
3904:
3899:
3892:
3887:
3881:, p. 90.
3880:
3875:
3868:
3863:
3861:
3853:
3848:
3846:
3839:, p. 14.
3838:
3833:
3831:
3829:
3822:, p. 13.
3821:
3816:
3809:
3804:
3802:
3795:, p. 21.
3794:
3789:
3787:
3779:
3774:
3772:
3770:
3763:, p. 88.
3762:
3757:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3743:
3738:
3731:
3726:
3724:
3717:, p. 87.
3716:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3705:
3697:
3692:
3685:
3680:
3678:
3670:
3665:
3658:
3653:
3646:
3641:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3633:
3631:
3629:
3627:
3625:
3623:
3621:
3613:
3608:
3606:
3598:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3581:
3576:
3569:
3564:
3562:
3560:
3558:
3550:
3545:
3543:
3535:
3530:
3524:, p. 77.
3523:
3518:
3511:
3506:
3504:
3496:
3491:
3489:
3482:, p. 23.
3481:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3470:
3468:
3461:, p. 34.
3460:
3455:
3449:, p. 20.
3448:
3443:
3436:
3431:
3424:
3419:
3417:
3409:
3404:
3398:, p. 32.
3397:
3392:
3390:
3382:
3377:
3375:
3367:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3346:
3341:
3334:
3329:
3327:
3320:, p. 31.
3319:
3314:
3307:
3302:
3300:
3292:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3275:
3270:
3268:
3266:
3258:
3253:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3240:, p. 48.
3239:
3234:
3227:
3222:
3215:
3210:
3203:
3198:
3191:
3186:
3179:
3178:
3171:
3164:
3159:
3152:
3151:Flaherty 2004
3147:
3141:, p. 31.
3140:
3135:
3128:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3111:
3106:
3099:
3094:
3087:
3082:
3075:
3070:
3063:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3046:
3041:
3034:
3029:
3022:
3017:
3010:
3005:
2998:
2993:
2991:
2983:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2966:
2961:
2954:
2949:
2947:
2939:
2934:
2927:
2922:
2920:
2912:
2907:
2905:
2897:
2892:
2885:
2880:
2874:, p. 84.
2873:
2868:
2861:
2856:
2849:
2848:Flaherty 2004
2844:
2842:
2835:, p. 23.
2834:
2829:
2822:
2817:
2815:
2807:
2802:
2798:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2772:Eastern Front
2769:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2751:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2719:
2713:
2707:
2698:
2689:
2680:
2671:
2665:
2659:
2652:
2646:
2640:
2636:
2630:
2621:
2615:
2609:
2599:
2595:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2557:
2556:
2550:
2542:
2540:
2530:
2529:
2520:
2519:Total: 6,000
2512:
2504:
2496:
2488:
2487:Total: 4,500
2480:
2472:
2464:
2463:
2453:
2452:Total: 6,000
2445:
2437:
2429:
2401:
2400:
2395:
2381:
2380:Tatar Legions
2377:
2358:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2312:December 1941
2308:
2304:
2287:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2268:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2247:
2237:
2226:
2222:
2205:
2201:
2185:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2157:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2117:November 1944
2113:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2101:Brigadeführer
2098:
2094:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2048:
2044:
2031:February 1944
2025:
2008:
2004:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1897:
1893:
1876:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1821:
1817:
1800:
1781:
1763:
1746:
1731:
1727:
1710:
1706:
1689:
1685:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1617:
1613:
1610:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1573:February 1945
1569:
1565:
1555:
1551:
1545:February 1945
1541:
1537:
1524:February 1945
1520:
1516:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1478:November 1944
1473:
1469:
1456:December 1944
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1361:
1357:
1347:
1336:
1332:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1267:
1263:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1221:
1217:
1204:November 1944
1200:
1196:
1183:November 1944
1179:
1175:
1158:
1154:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1112:
1108:
1095:February 1945
1091:
1087:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1043:
1032:
1030:
1024:
1020:
1003:
999:
995:
992:, became the
991:
974:
970:
953:
949:
945:
932:February 1943
926:
914:February 1944
910:
906:
897:
890:December 1944
886:
882:
865:
861:
844:
840:
837:
833:
814:
797:
793:
790:
772:
768:
751:
747:
743:
733:
729:
728:Volksdeutsche
719:
715:
711:
707:
690:
686:
669:
665:
648:
644:
625:
622:
618:
609:
602:December 1944
598:
594:
590:
586:
577:
574:
570:
566:
560:November 1943
556:
552:
548:
545:
542:
539:
536:
535:
530:
526:
522:
507:
505:
501:
500:
494:
492:
487:
482:
480:
476:
472:
467:
465:
461:
457:
456:Léon Degrelle
452:
450:
446:
442:
438:
430:
425:
416:
413:
408:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
361:
360:Volksdeutsche
356:
350:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
269:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
241:
237:
235:
234:Franz Riedweg
231:
226:
223:
218:
214:
210:
209:Leibstandarte
201:
197:
188:
186:
182:
178:
174:
173:
168:
164:
160:
159:
154:
153:
148:
144:
143:Sepp Dietrich
140:
136:
135:
134:Schutzstaffel
130:
124:
117:
111:
109:
108:
103:
100:
99:
94:
93:
88:
84:
80:
76:
75:
70:
62:
59:
58:
53:
49:
47:
41:
37:
30:
26:
21:
8304:Soviet Union
8187:(until 1944)
7889:Afrika Korps
7878:
7782:(until 1944)
7637:Sudetenquell
7605:Ostindustrie
7523:
7443:Selbstschutz
7406:Byelorussian
7389:Paramilitary
7291:
7235: (RSHA)
7087:
6990:
6986:
6958:
6938:
6916:
6897:
6872:
6868:
6840:
6819:
6799:
6780:
6766:. Retrieved
6740:
6722:
6703:
6680:
6661:
6640:
6619:
6598:
6578:
6553:
6543:
6521:
6499:
6486:. Retrieved
6480:
6456:
6435:
6415:
6395:
6374:
6353:
6333:
6322:. Retrieved
6307:
6295:. Retrieved
6283:
6279:
6262:
6241:
6221:
6202:
6183:
6164:
6143:
6122:
6102:
6082:
6071:
6050:
6037:. Retrieved
6022:
6001:
5979:
5954:
5934:
5915:
5895:
5874:
5854:
5835:
5816:
5796:
5776:
5757:
5737:
5719:
5715:
5691:
5668:
5649:
5630:
5611:
5592:
5572:
5551:
5531:
5519:. Retrieved
5515:
5488:
5468:
5448:
5427:
5408:
5397:December 24,
5395:. Retrieved
5391:
5367:
5346:
5325:
5316:Bibliography
5307:Gutmann 2017
5302:
5295:Larsson 2015
5290:
5278:
5266:
5254:
5227:
5215:
5203:
5137:Thurlow 1998
5117:
5039:
5027:
5015:
5003:
4991:
4964:
4937:
4925:
4894:
4867:
4855:
4843:
4816:
4692:Walters 2010
4687:
4635:Jokipii 2002
4630:
4618:
4606:
4594:
4582:
4555:
4543:
4531:
4519:
4507:
4495:
4421:
4409:
4397:
4390:Mitcham 2007
4367:Mitcham 2007
4333:Zabecki 2015
4328:
4316:
4304:
4282:Gilbert 2019
4258:
4246:
4234:
4210:Mitcham 2007
4205:
4178:
4156:Gilbert 2019
4135:Gilbert 2019
4083:
4061:Mitcham 2007
4056:
4049:Gilbert 2019
4044:
4037:Mitcham 2007
4017:
4010:Mitcham 2007
4005:
3998:Gilbert 2019
3941:Gilbert 2019
3898:
3886:
3874:
3852:Gilbert 2019
3815:
3808:Gilbert 2019
3778:Gilbert 2019
3737:
3696:Mitcham 2007
3691:
3684:Gilbert 2019
3669:Gilbert 2019
3664:
3657:Gilbert 2019
3652:
3645:Zabecki 2015
3575:
3529:
3517:
3510:Gilbert 2019
3454:
3442:
3435:Gilbert 2019
3430:
3423:Mitcham 2007
3403:
3368:, p. 5.
3340:
3335:, p. 4.
3313:
3308:, p. 7.
3306:Merriam 1999
3274:Mitcham 2007
3259:, p. 4.
3257:Merriam 1999
3233:
3221:
3209:
3197:
3185:
3176:
3170:
3158:
3146:
3139:Gutmann 2017
3134:
3127:Plakans 2011
3105:
3093:
3081:
3069:
3040:
3028:
3016:
3004:
2960:
2933:
2891:
2879:
2867:
2855:
2828:
2801:
2775:
2763:
2759:
2756:Hans Riedweg
2750:
2718:
2706:
2697:
2688:
2679:
2670:
2658:
2650:
2645:
2629:
2620:
2613:
2608:
2598:
2581:
2573:
2560:
2548:
2538:
2536:
2528:
2526:
2518:
2510:
2502:
2494:
2486:
2478:
2470:
2461:
2459:
2451:
2443:
2435:
2427:
2397:
2295:British PoW
2291:January 1944
2276:
2174:
2163:January 1944
2093:Reichsführer
2063:
1968:Designation
1952:dynamic list
1930:January 1944
1924:
1895:
1825:January 1944
1769:October 1944
1631:
1607:Part of the
1489:
1437:Formed from
1390:January 1945
1375:Formed from
1346:Byelorussian
1116:October 1943
1028:
978:October 1943
957:January 1944
831:
788:
710:2nd Latvian)
694:October 1943
641:Absorbed in
615:United with
583:United with
537:Designation
521:dynamic list
497:
495:
490:
485:
483:
468:
459:
453:
440:
434:
428:
411:
409:
407:divisions.
404:
396:
388:
364:
358:
355:Freiwilligen
354:
351:
345:
304:
273:Soviet Union
270:
265:
261:
253:
245:
243:
239:
229:
227:
221:
208:
205:
184:
180:
177:Adolf Hitler
170:
166:
162:
156:
150:
146:
145:to form the
132:
128:
126:
115:
105:
96:
90:
86:
78:
72:
69:World War II
66:
55:
54:, alongside
45:
27:marching in
8309:Byelorussia
8279:Philippines
8269:Netherlands
7899:Ostlegionen
7701:Axis forces
7642:Anton Loibl
7627:Apollinaris
7537:Germanic-SS
7532:Austrian SS
7151:SS commands
5247:Müller 2012
5020:Tessin 1965
4996:Tessin 1965
4821:Lloret 2020
4524:Forbes 2010
4512:Forbes 2010
4500:Stahel 2018
4488:Stahel 2018
4458:Béraud 2021
4414:Tessin 1965
4103:Tessin 1965
3891:Béraud 2021
3580:Béraud 2021
3408:Bender 1971
3291:Tessin 1965
3202:Buttar 2013
3045:Wegner 1990
2982:Wegner 2010
2806:Lumans 2012
2736:for Finland
2533:Switzerland
2507:Netherlands
2329:Karakalpaks
1913:Blue Legion
1844:volunteers
1556:volunteers
1503:August 1944
1404:Arrow Cross
1162:August 1944
1007:August 1942
706:1st Latvian
653:April 1941
460:in absentia
435:During the
322:Herzegovina
213:astigmatism
46:"Handschar"
8259:Madagascar
8254:Luxembourg
7416:Lithuanian
7304:Lebensborn
7192:Karl Hanke
7134:Leadership
6768:2021-10-13
6684:. Bantam.
6488:30 October
6324:2024-01-04
6297:2021-10-12
5576:. Helion.
5418:1185009240
5283:Stein 1984
5271:Stein 1984
5259:Stein 1984
5232:Stein 1984
5208:Stein 1984
5196:McNab 2009
4942:Ramet 2020
4860:Estes 2015
4848:Estes 2015
4836:Estes 2015
4739:Muñoz 2001
4575:Stein 1984
4426:Stein 1984
4309:Pencz 2010
4251:Savin 2021
4183:McNab 2009
3879:Manes 2023
3761:Manes 2023
3715:Manes 2023
3612:Lepre 1997
3549:Zakić 2017
3534:McNab 2009
3495:Zakić 2017
3459:Estes 2015
3447:Estes 2015
3396:Estes 2015
3318:Estes 2015
3163:Stein 1984
3074:Stein 1984
3033:Stein 1984
3009:Stein 1984
2938:Koehl 2004
2926:Stein 1984
2911:Weale 2010
2896:Weale 2010
2884:McNab 2009
2860:McNab 2009
2833:Stein 1984
2821:Stein 1984
2789:References
2549:Total: 54
2527:Total: 180
2444:Total: 77
2189:March 1945
2081:March 1943
2012:April 1943
1977:Peak size
1974:Personnel
1971:Formation
1950:This is a
1714:March 1941
1625:Norwegian
1601:Norwegian
1488:Formed as
1379:personnel
1029:Skanderbeg
1011:Estonians
982:Estonians
961:Estonians
820:March 1943
801:March 1943
777:March 1943
723:March 1942
546:Peak size
543:Personnel
540:Formation
519:This is a
449:war crimes
299:, and the
139:Nazi Party
31:, May 1943
8336:(limited)
8234:Indonesia
8212:Indochina
8162:Manchukuo
8125:Lithuania
8083:Lists by
7963:Gakutotai
7699:Lists by
7455:Trawnikis
7421:Ukrainian
7287:Ahnenerbe
7116:Waffen-SS
7033:159564891
7017:0960-7773
6889:151757461
6731:748681863
6570:144741225
6123:Waffen-SS
5728:2076-1554
5412:. Scott.
5154:Hale 2011
4788:Hale 2011
4769:Hale 2011
4754:Hale 2011
4722:Hale 2011
4239:Rein 2011
4227:Rein 2011
4198:Hale 2011
4171:Hale 2011
3962:Hale 2011
3238:Mole 2012
3086:Hale 2011
2794:Citations
2582:Wehrmacht
2574:Waffen-SS
2561:Waffen-SS
2539:Waffen-SS
2462:Waffen-SS
2364:July 1944
2230:July 1944
2144:July 1942
2052:July 1941
1991:July 1941
1934:Spaniard
1905:Spaniard
1832:, Azeri,
1787:July 1944
1645:July 1943
1621:June 1941
1554:Ukrainian
1294:June 1944
1141:June 1944
1021:in 1944.
996:in 1944.
848:July 1943
755:July 1944
631:June 1940
619:into the
587:into the
567:, Cuban,
491:Waffen-SS
486:Waffen-SS
441:Waffen-SS
429:Waffen-SS
412:Waffen-SS
405:Waffen-SS
397:Waffen-SS
389:Waffen-SS
346:Waffen-SS
305:Waffen-SS
266:Waffen-SS
222:Waffen-SS
181:Waffen-SS
167:Waffen-SS
163:Waffen-SS
129:Waffen-SS
123:Waffen-SS
116:Waffen-SS
87:Waffen-SS
79:Waffen-SS
74:Waffen-SS
8365:Category
8341:Thailand
8321:Chechnya
8299:Slovakia
8217:Cambodia
8167:Mongolia
8137:Bulgaria
8010:Makapili
7911:Japanese
7769:Chetniks
7426:Estonian
7098:Branches
7025:43299406
6937:(2012).
6779:(1990).
6759:Archived
6702:(2010).
6671:54523633
6288:Archived
5976:(2012).
5819:. WSOY.
5689:(2011).
2760:de facto
2740:NSAP/SSS
2732:Norrland
2559:List of
2553:See also
2345:Ingusges
2341:Chechens
2262:Dec 1943
2213:Slovene
2148:Serbian
2121:Serbian
1852:Caucasus
1718:Finnish
1697:Flemish
1632:de facto
1427:Feb 1945
1365:Aug 1944
1341:Aug 1944
1323:Italian
1298:Russian
1225:May 1943
1054:and the
1036:May 1944
936:Latvian
918:Latvian
896:Cossacks
869:May 1943
830:Part of
698:Latvian
608:Cossacks
591:in 1945
576:Cossacks
573:Siberian
419:Post-war
342:Cossacks
254:Westland
246:Nordland
8326:Ukraine
8314:Belarus
8289:Romania
8227:Vietnam
8202:Hungary
8184:Finland
8179:Denmark
8174:Croatia
8132:Belgium
8115:Estonia
8093:Albania
7715:Italian
7632:Mattoni
7490:(SS-VT)
7411:Latvian
7165:Leaders
7112:(SS-TV)
6039:12 July
5650:Fascism
2475:Hungary
2467:Finland
2456:Estonia
2448:Denmark
2432:Belgium
2424:Albania
2349:Lezgins
2321:Kazakhs
2269:French
2267:Bretons
2246:Sandžak
2236:Sandžak
2088:32,000
1842:Tadjiki
1830:Turkmen
1649:French
1550:Russian
1431:French
1409:14,800
1400:Baranja
1372:10,000
808:26,000
737:20,624
701:31,500
680:19,377
475:British
471:Austria
381:Finland
373:Denmark
334:Ukraine
330:Georgia
326:Croatia
310:Estonia
301:Balkans
297:Hungary
289:Belgium
275:during
256:(later
252:) and
248:(later
202:, 1943.
67:During
40:Bosniak
8346:Taiwan
8294:Serbia
8284:Poland
8274:Norway
8264:Malaya
8197:Greece
8192:France
8147:Ceylon
8120:Latvia
7710:German
7601:(DEST)
7031:
7023:
7015:
6974:
6945:
6923:
6904:
6887:
6848:
6827:
6806:
6787:
6751:
6729:
6710:
6688:
6669:
6648:
6627:
6606:
6585:
6568:
6530:
6507:
6464:
6443:
6422:
6403:
6382:
6361:
6340:
6315:
6249:
6228:
6209:
6190:
6171:
6151:
6130:
6109:
6090:
6058:
6030:
6009:
5988:
5962:
5941:
5922:
5903:
5882:
5861:
5842:
5823:
5804:
5783:
5764:
5745:
5726:
5699:
5675:
5656:
5637:
5618:
5599:
5580:
5559:
5538:
5496:
5475:
5456:
5435:
5416:
5375:
5354:
5333:
2758:, the
2726:
2523:Sweden
2515:Norway
2499:Latvia
2371:3,000
2337:Azeris
2333:Tajiks
2325:Kyrgyz
2317:Uzbeks
2241:4,000
2124:9,886
2056:Dutch
2038:1,200
2035:Danes
2016:Danes
1998:1,164
1980:Notes
1838:Uzbeki
1834:Kyrgyz
1776:3,100
1721:1,408
1652:1,688
1628:1,218
1559:4,000
1482:Dutch
1434:7,340
1276:1,850
1232:2,022
1123:5,426
1099:Dutch
1047:9,000
985:5,099
834:under
827:1,340
659:2,500
549:Notes
504:Rimini
439:, the
393:Nazism
385:Sweden
377:Norway
365:Waffen
340:, and
338:Russia
318:Bosnia
314:Latvia
281:France
262:Führer
185:Führer
71:, the
8333:Spain
8249:Korea
8244:Italy
8207:India
8152:China
8142:Burma
7978:Heiho
7029:S2CID
7021:JSTOR
6885:S2CID
6762:(PDF)
6745:(PDF)
6566:S2CID
6291:(PDF)
6276:(PDF)
5521:8 May
5512:(PDF)
2776:H-War
2710:See:
2590:Notes
2563:units
2491:Italy
2483:India
1958:with
1734:1944
1396:Bačka
732:Banat
569:Terek
527:with
285:Spain
29:Sanok
8239:Iraq
8222:Laos
7792:Hiwi
7686:and
7465:Hiwi
7092:(SS)
7013:ISSN
6972:ISBN
6943:ISBN
6921:ISBN
6902:ISBN
6846:ISBN
6825:ISBN
6804:ISBN
6785:ISBN
6749:ISBN
6727:OCLC
6708:ISBN
6686:ISBN
6667:OCLC
6646:ISBN
6625:ISBN
6604:ISBN
6583:ISBN
6528:ISBN
6505:ISBN
6490:2023
6462:ISBN
6441:ISBN
6420:ISBN
6401:ISBN
6380:ISBN
6359:ISBN
6338:ISBN
6313:ISBN
6247:ISBN
6226:ISBN
6207:ISBN
6188:ISBN
6169:ISBN
6149:ISBN
6128:ISBN
6107:ISBN
6088:ISBN
6056:ISBN
6041:2024
6028:ISBN
6007:ISBN
5986:ISBN
5960:ISBN
5939:ISBN
5920:ISBN
5901:ISBN
5880:ISBN
5859:ISBN
5840:ISBN
5821:ISBN
5802:ISBN
5781:ISBN
5762:ISBN
5743:ISBN
5724:ISSN
5697:ISBN
5673:ISBN
5654:ISBN
5635:ISBN
5616:ISBN
5597:ISBN
5578:ISBN
5557:ISBN
5536:ISBN
5523:2016
5494:ISBN
5473:ISBN
5454:ISBN
5433:ISBN
5414:OCLC
5399:2020
5373:ISBN
5352:ISBN
5331:ISBN
2724:ISBN
2410:n/a
2407:n/a
2404:n/a
2390:n/a
2387:n/a
2384:n/a
2353:n/a
2347:and
2216:n/a
2170:300
2151:121
2095:-SS
2059:n/a
2019:n/a
1937:n/a
1908:n/a
1890:n/a
1887:n/a
1884:n/a
1881:n/a
1873:n/a
1870:n/a
1867:n/a
1864:n/a
1847:n/a
1840:and
1811:n/a
1808:n/a
1805:n/a
1794:n/a
1791:n/a
1757:n/a
1754:n/a
1751:n/a
1740:250
1700:875
1682:n/a
1679:n/a
1676:n/a
1673:n/a
1604:n/a
1580:n/a
1552:and
1531:n/a
1528:n/a
1510:n/a
1507:n/a
1485:n/a
1463:n/a
1398:and
1351:n/a
1326:n/a
1301:n/a
1270:n/a
1257:n/a
1254:n/a
1214:n/a
1211:n/a
1193:n/a
1190:n/a
1169:n/a
1151:n/a
1148:n/a
1102:n/a
1082:n/a
1076:n/a
1062:and
1014:n/a
964:n/a
939:n/a
921:n/a
900:n/a
879:n/a
876:n/a
855:n/a
784:n/a
762:n/a
708:and
638:n/a
612:n/a
580:n/a
571:and
172:Heer
127:The
7712:and
7003:hdl
6995:doi
6964:hdl
6877:doi
6558:doi
5720:141
2298:54
2272:80
2196:13
1439:LVF
565:Don
8367::
7049::
7027:.
7019:.
7011:.
7001:.
6991:22
6989:.
6970:.
6883:.
6873:50
6871:.
6757:.
6564:.
6479:.
6286:.
6282:.
6278:.
5718:.
5714:.
5514:.
5390:.
5239:^
5182:^
5161:^
5144:^
5129:^
5102:^
5087:^
5070:^
5051:^
4976:^
4949:^
4906:^
4879:^
4828:^
4795:^
4776:^
4761:^
4746:^
4729:^
4714:^
4699:^
4672:^
4657:^
4642:^
4567:^
4480:^
4465:^
4450:^
4433:^
4374:^
4355:^
4340:^
4289:^
4270:^
4217:^
4190:^
4163:^
4142:^
4125:^
4110:^
4095:^
4068:^
4029:^
3988:^
3969:^
3948:^
3929:^
3910:^
3859:^
3844:^
3827:^
3800:^
3785:^
3768:^
3749:^
3722:^
3703:^
3676:^
3619:^
3604:^
3587:^
3556:^
3541:^
3502:^
3487:^
3466:^
3415:^
3388:^
3373:^
3352:^
3325:^
3298:^
3281:^
3264:^
3245:^
3117:^
3052:^
2989:^
2972:^
2945:^
2918:^
2903:^
2840:^
2813:^
2541:.
2343:,
2335:,
2331:,
2327:,
2323:,
2319:,
2238:)
2106:.
2070:.
1854:.
1836:,
1663:.
1474:'
1441:,
1406:.
946:.
773:'
712:.
466:.
383:,
379:,
375:,
336:,
332:,
328:,
324:,
320:,
312:,
295:,
287:,
283:,
187:.
7676:e
7669:t
7662:v
7080:e
7073:t
7066:v
7035:.
7005::
6997::
6980:.
6966::
6951:.
6929:.
6910:.
6891:.
6879::
6854:.
6833:.
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6793:.
6771:.
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6694:.
6673:.
6654:.
6633:.
6612:.
6591:.
6572:.
6560::
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6492:.
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6449:.
6428:.
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6300:.
6284:2
6255:.
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6215:.
6196:.
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6096:.
6064:.
6043:.
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5994:.
5968:.
5947:.
5928:.
5909:.
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5867:.
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5829:.
5810:.
5789:.
5770:.
5751:.
5730:.
5705:.
5681:.
5662:.
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5624:.
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5586:.
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1962:.
531:.
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