189:
20:
280:
673:
438:
128:
617:. Vlachs and Uskoks, including both ethnic Croats and Serbs, came to White Carniola and Žumberak from Croatia and Bosnia. The Habsburg commanders brought from Bosnia, later and from parts of Croatia and Dalmatia hundreds or thousands of families and settled them in area which covers White Carniola, across the
646:
described the language, clothing, and customs of the people of White
Carniola region as Croatian. The self-identification of students on the university registers in Graz and Vienna between 1643 and 1712 shows that as many as 88% of students from White Carniola identified as Croats, and only 12% as
533:, established their residence at Metlika (Möttling), and therefore in contemporary sources their lands were also referred to as the County of Möttling (Metlika). After the line became extinct in 1209, the possessions passed to the Carniolan margraves from the
208:
River in the south and east, which also forms part of the border between
Slovenia and Croatia. As the area could only be reached from northern Lower Carniola by mountain passes, the inhabitants cultivate a certain distinctness.
48:
287:
A distinguishing part of White
Carniola is its folk heritage. It still has many folklore events, which show traditional local costumes, music, played on a regionally known instrument called
633:
with their wives and children settled in
Carniola, bringing some 4,000 sheep with them. The following year, with the conquest of Cernik, some 500 Uskok families settled in Carniola.
613:
With the
Ottoman conquest of the Balkans, groups of Serbs and Croats fled to the north or west; of the western migrational groups, some settled in White Carniola and
605:
in 1443. It remained part of the Celje domains until their extinction in 1457, whereafter it reverted to the
Habsburgs, who gradually incorporated it into Carniola.
377:(explained in relation to white clothing) first emerged in the first half of the 19th century as the area was earlier (from at least the 13th century) known as
651:) was used for White Carniola in 1709, and the name 'Croats' for the inhabitants of White Carniola is found in 1725 in a report by a doctor named Zalokar from
1205:"Širenje hrvatskog etnonima i lingvonima na slovensko stanovništvo današnje istočne Slovenije između 16. i početka 19. stoljeća i njihovo iščeznuće"
1276:
1254:
522:
crossed the
Gorjanci Mountains and marched against the Hungarian and Croatian forces, which they pushed beyond the Kolpa River down to
1325:
582:
1147:
997:
968:
507:
557:, lord of Carniola and duke of Carinthia. After Ulrich's death in 1269, all of his possessions were inherited by his cousin
98:
and Lower
Carniola to the north. During the 19th century, it was one of the regions with the highest emigration rate in the
806:
349:
area. It may also be an old designation for 'west', referring to the western location of the region in comparison to the
311:(White Carniola flatbread) has recently been granted the European Union's Traditional Speciality Guaranteed designation.
638:
1320:
485:
175:
467:
157:
1204:
459:
149:
1171:
463:
153:
1123:
1185:
554:
546:
643:
562:
542:
83:
217:
586:
350:
330:
622:
519:
86:
areas. It is generally considered the
Slovenian region with the closest cultural affinity with other
448:
398:
138:
221:
1315:
725:
693:
452:
213:
142:
681:
244:
307:
574:
558:
188:
942:
812:
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decorated in a characteristic manner using beeswax that is found nowhere else in
Slovenia.
1122:
Drago Perko, Rok Ciglič, Matija Zorn, The Geography of Slovenia: Small But Diverse, 2019,
8:
992:] (in Slovenian and English). Zgodovinski inštitut Milka Kosa ZRC SAZU. p. 165.
708:
Based on surnames found in White Carniola, it may be concluded that their ancestors were
566:
297:
87:
990:
Incomplete Croatization of Parts of Eastern Slovenia Between the 16th and 19th Centuries
689:
656:
1209:
Radovi: Radovi Zavoda za hrvatsku povijest Filozofskoga fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu
498:
In the early 12th century, the area was part of the disputed border region between the
111:
1186:
Akademija nauka i umjetnosti Bosne i Hercegovine. Odjeljenje društvenih nauka (1970).
283:
Peasants from White Carniola in traditional dress at the beginning of the 20th century
1167:
1143:
993:
964:
750:
740:
594:
590:
534:
515:
503:
499:
39:
870:
848:
685:
626:
538:
354:
82:, White Carniola shares many cultural and linguistic features with the neighboring
31:
268:
1237:
1187:
1137:
1107:
796:
390:
237:
75:
region, although with distinctive cultural, linguistic, and historical features.
52:
851:[Presentation] (in Slovenian). Metliška folklorna skupina Ivan Navratil
565:
and his allies in 1278. Rudolf gave the County of Metlika as a feif to his ally
201:
598:
72:
786:
511:
1309:
1291:
1278:
530:
333:' refers to a border territory organized for military defense. The adjective
99:
248:
1124:
https://www.bookdepository.com/Geography-Slovenia-Drago-Perko/9783030140656
792:
780:
756:
717:
697:
585:
in 1368. After Albert's death in 1374, the county was acquired by Archduke
570:
411:
107:
103:
95:
94:
until the 12th century, after which it shared the historical fate with the
19:
279:
1014:
Folklore: A Quarterly Review of Myth, Tradition, Institution & Custom
986:
Nedokončana kroatizacija delov vzhodne Slovenije med 16. in 19. stoletjem
802:
614:
71:. Due to its smallness, it is often considered a subunit of the broader
783:(1926–1995), poet, translator, editor, literary historian, and essayist
774:
768:
721:
680:
Several castles were built in the border region, especially during the
652:
302:
672:
593:, who confirmed its privileges, thus maintaining it separate from the
346:
762:
744:
602:
550:
342:
288:
437:
127:
577:, these two adjacent areas were united in what became known as the
91:
64:
736:
Notable people that were born or lived in White Carniola include:
1043:
Neueste Volks-Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs für Schule und Haus
523:
325:
252:
233:
79:
68:
914:
Lah, Iva. 1928. "Župančičeva mladina." In: Albrecht, Fran (ed.)
753:(1924–2022), actress, film director, translator, and journalist
713:
659:
in far southern White Carniola was marked as Croatian in 1795.
630:
510:
in the east and southeast. From about 1127 the local counts of
529:
The Counts of Weichselberg, who traced their lineage to Saint
709:
366:
338:
229:
225:
1095:
The Italo-Yugoslav Boundary: A Study in Political Geography.
212:
The region corresponds to the present-day municipalities of
963:. Slovene Ethnological Society. February 2012. p. 18.
205:
1139:
From the Austrian Empire to Communist East Central Europe
1239:
Prosvjeta: mjesečnik Srpskog kulturnog društva Prosvjeta
837:. Vol. 2. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga. p. 287.
1071:. Vol. 4. Trans. P. Murdoch. London: A. Millar, p. 214.
569:, together with the eastern portion of the neighboring
361:). Non-linguistic explanations connect the designation
716:. In old folk poetry of White Carniola, Serbian hero
553:
ruler, and after his death to Agnes's second husband
337:'white' may refer to the deciduous trees (especially
916:
Jubilejni zbornik za petdesetletnico Otona Župančiča
255:
content, as well as for high-quality wines, such as
777:(1900–1942), writer, poet, playwright, and essayist
1056:Die oesterreichischen Alpenlaender und ihre Forste
341:trees) in the area in comparison to "black" (i.e.
1232:
1230:
647:Carniolans. The provincial designation 'Croats' (
561:, who was however defeated by Holy Roman Emperor
1307:
918:(pp. 85–90). Ljubljana: Tiskovna zadruga, p. 86.
1112:. Vol. 52. Научно дело. 2004. p. 189.
684:from the 15th century onwards, as in Črnomelj,
1227:
902:Etimološki slovar slovenskih zemljepisnih imen
232:forests. The main river is the Kolpa with its
204:mountain ranges in the north and west and the
815:(1878–1949), poet, playwright, and translator
809:in the US state of Michigan from 1879 to 1899
743:(1884–1968), lawyer and politician, mayor of
541:. In 1229, the area was passed as a dowry of
1181:
1179:
1012:Copeland, Fanny S. 1931. "Slovene Folklore"
961:Etnologija in slovenske pokrajine: Gorenjska
1028:Koštiál, Ivan. 1930. "Jezikovne drobtine."
579:County in the (Windic) March and in Metlika
466:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
156:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1135:
1024:
1022:
63:) is a traditional region in southeastern
1176:
1136:Suppan, Arnold; Graf, Maximilian (2010).
1045:. Leipzig: Slawische Buchhandlung, p. 58.
940:
799:, South Dakota, serving from 1902 to 1909
486:Learn how and when to remove this message
176:Learn how and when to remove this message
904:. Ljubljana: Modrijan. pp. 55, 101.
671:
597:. The county was soon leased out to the
323:literally means 'White March'. The noun
278:
187:
18:
1252:
1019:
945:[How White is White Carniola].
726:Serb community exists in White Carniola
692:. The remains of the large fortress in
1308:
895:
893:
891:
889:
887:
832:
625:. In September 1597, with the fall of
608:
369:clothing of the population. The names
224:. The terrain is characterised by low
23:Location of White Carniola in Slovenia
1202:
983:
765:(born 1942), American football player
759:(1943–2011), politician and economist
899:
601:, which acquired full rights of the
464:adding citations to reliable sources
431:
385:derives from the German designation
295:. A distinctive feature is also the
154:adding citations to reliable sources
121:
1097:London: G. Philip & Son, p. 32.
1041:Reichenbach, Anton Benedict. 1848.
941:Bulatović, Katarina (16 May 2019).
884:
720:is often mentioned, sung in "clean
581:, and became officially a separate
192:Typical landscape in White Carniola
13:
1189:Radovi odjeljenje društvenih nauka
833:Ferenc, Tone (1988). "Dolenjska".
639:The Glory of the Duchy of Carniola
251:pottery from clay with a distinct
14:
1337:
1265:
1082:The Present State of All Nations.
1067:Büsching, Anton Friedrich. 1762.
731:
436:
126:
110:, it was an important center of
1246:
1242:. Društvo. 1969. pp. 8–10.
1196:
1156:
1129:
1116:
1100:
1087:
1080:Smollett, Tobias George. 1769.
1074:
1061:
1048:
1035:
1006:
931:. London: Rough Guides, p. 233.
655:. The dialect of the parish of
583:estate of the Holy Roman Empire
1326:Historical regions in Slovenia
1255:"Belu Krajinu nema ko da čuva"
1109:Glasnik Etnografskog instituta
977:
953:
934:
921:
908:
863:
841:
826:
805:(1844–1899), Catholic priest,
427:
16:Traditional region of Slovenia
1:
1093:Moodie, Arthur Edward. 1945.
819:
771:(1914–1999), Croatian painter
514:(Weichselberg) backed by the
291:, and a circle dance, called
1192:. Vol. 12. p. 158.
662:
644:Johann Weikhard von Valvasor
274:
243:White Carniola is known for
196:The area is confined by the
117:
90:territories. It was part of
7:
1058:. Vienna: Braumüller, p. 2.
943:"Kako bela je Bela krajina"
929:The Rough Guide to Slovenia
419:, literally 'dry region').
389:, which is the result of a
365:with the traditional white
345:) trees in the neighboring
10:
1342:
1253:Subašić, B. (2014-01-29).
703:
667:
506:in the northwest, and the
422:
351:Croatian Military Frontier
78:Due to its proximity with
1166:p. 117; Wiley-Blackwell,
1069:A New System of Geography
397:(understood as a dialect
1321:Subdivisions of Carniola
1084:London: Baldwin, p. 244.
676:Ruins of Pobrežje Castle
1032:50(3): 179–180, p. 180.
1016:42(4): 405–446, p. 431.
835:Enciklopedija Slovenije
573:. Under his descendant
547:Frederick II of Austria
393:based on the adjective
314:
112:anti-Fascist resistance
1257:(in Serbian). Novosti.
1162:Sima Ćirković; (2004)
1142:. LIT Verlag Münster.
1054:Wessely, Josef. 1853.
677:
358:
284:
193:
56:
43:
35:
24:
1292:45.56667°N 15.20000°E
1203:Golec, Boris (2017).
984:Golec, Boris (2012).
927:Longley, Norm. 2007.
675:
575:Albert III of Gorizia
559:Ottokar II of Bohemia
502:, established by the
282:
191:
22:
900:Snoj, Marko (2009).
587:Rudolf IV of Austria
520:Salzburg archbishops
460:improve this section
263:(a white wine), and
228:hills and extensive
150:improve this section
1288: /
807:Bishop of Marquette
795:(1845–1915), first
649:Crovathen/Crobathen
609:Early modern period
567:Albert I of Gorizia
405:) (cf. also German
381:. The English name
308:Belokranjska pogača
259:(a dark red wine),
106:in general. During
67:on the border with
1297:45.56667; 15.20000
789:(1942–2022), actor
696:were destroyed in
678:
619:Žumberak Mountains
563:Rudolf of Habsburg
555:Ulrich of Spanheim
537:, the self-styled
518:margraves and the
508:Kingdom of Hungary
285:
194:
84:Kajkavian Croatian
25:
1149:978-3-643-50235-3
999:978-961-254-383-9
970:978-961-6775-10-6
747:from 1935 to 1942
636:In his 1689 work
603:lords of the land
595:Duchy of Carniola
591:House of Habsburg
504:Holy Roman Empire
500:March of Carniola
496:
495:
488:
293:belokranjsko kolo
186:
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642:, the historian
543:Agnes of Merania
539:Dukes of Merania
535:House of Andechs
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236:, Dobličica and
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257:metliška črnina
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104:Austrian Empire
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1316:White Carniola
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781:Lojze Krakar
757:Andrej Bajuk
751:Draga Ahačič
741:Juro Adlešič
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264:
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202:Kočevski Rog
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163:
148:Please help
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108:World War II
96:Windic March
88:South Slavic
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1295: /
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803:John Vertin
787:Radko Polič
724:". A small
549:, the last
512:Višnja Gora
428:Middle Ages
409:, English:
407:Dürrenkrain
375:Belokranjci
261:belokranjec
1310:Categories
1172:0631204717
820:References
775:Miran Jarc
769:Oton Gliha
722:Shtokavian
653:Novo Mesto
399:metathesis
343:coniferous
303:Easter egg
249:Kanižarica
102:, and the
61:Weiße Mark
1283:15°12′0″E
1280:45°34′0″N
1164:The Serbs
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876:26 August
763:Joe Cerne
745:Ljubljana
663:Buildings
551:Babenberg
447:does not
387:Weißkrain
319:The name
289:tamburica
275:Tradition
137:does not
118:Geography
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694:Pobrežje
615:Žumberak
589:for the
516:Spanheim
476:May 2014
298:pisanica
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198:Gorjanci
166:May 2014
92:Slavonia
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855:23 June
704:Culture
668:Castles
627:Slatina
524:Bregana
468:removed
453:sources
423:History
379:Metlika
355:Slovene
347:Kočevje
326:krajina
253:calcite
234:Lahinja
214:Metlika
158:removed
143:sources
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69:Croatia
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690:Vinica
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1221:2019
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