391:. Racers attempt to make their way from the top to the bottom of a designated section of river as fast as possible, while correctly negotiating gates (a series of double-poles suspended vertically over the river). There are usually 18-25 gates in a race which must be navigated in sequential order. Green gates must be negotiated in a downstream direction, red gates in an upstream direction. The events are typically conducted on Grade/Class II to Grade/Class IV water, but the placement of the gates, and precision necessary to paddle them fast and "clean" (without touching a pole and adding 2 seconds to the total time), makes the moves much harder than the water's difficulty suggests. (Slalom has been described as performing class V moves with class III consequences.) Pro level slalom competitions have specific length (350 cm (140 in) for kayaks - new rules), width, and weight requirements for the boats, which will be made out of kevlar/fiberglass/
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and against the dynamic forces of the river to perform a variety of maneuvers. These can include surfing, spinning, and various vertical moves (cartwheels, loops, blunts, pistol and donkey flips, and many others), spinning the boat on all possible axis of rotation. More recently, aerial moves have become accessible, where paddlers perform tricks having gained air from using the speed and bounce of the wave. Canoes used for playboating generally have relatively low volume in the bow and stern, allowing the paddler to submerge the ends of the canoe with relative ease. Competitions for playboating or freestyle are sometimes called whitewater rodeo in the US, but more frequently just referred to as freestyle events in
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without a heavily laden canoe although many people also carry their own gear in their canoes, especially on remote or wilderness sections of rivers. Canoes with gear typically are not commonly used above class IV whitewater without portages. Sometimes, open touring canoes with gear used on multi-day trips are fitted with fabric
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River running can be thought of as a tour down a river, to enjoy the scenery as well as experiencing challenging whitewater. River running includes short day trips as well as longer multi-day trips. Multi-day canoe trips often entail the use of gear-toting rafts to allow a more comfortable experience
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is perhaps best thought of as a subcategory of river running, involving very technical and difficult rapids, typically in the Grade/Class IV to VI range. While people will differ on the definition, creeking generally involves higher gradient, approaching or in excess of 100 ft per mi (19 m per
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Playboating, also known as
Playboating or Rodeo, is a more gymnastic and artistic kind of canoeing. While the other varieties of canoeing generally involve going from Point A to Point B, playboaters often stay in one spot in the river (usually in a hole, pourover or on a wave) where they work with
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km), and is likely to include running ledges, slides, and waterfalls on relatively small and tight rivers, though some will allow for very large and big volume rivers in their definition. Canoes used for creeking usually have higher volume (more gallons or liters of displacement) and more rounded
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Another type of boof is the "rock boof" which is a move that uses a glancing impact with a boulder at the top of a ledge to bounce the boater over a downstream feature, often finished with a mid-air eddy turn. Rock boofs result in sounds both at the top of the drop (boat impacting rock) and the
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or molded from a plastic laminate called
Royalex which is an ABS plastic that is slightly flexible and very durable, is easily scratched but repairable using either plastic welding or a variety of patch bonding techniques. Boats can range in size from barely long enough to hold the
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Some rapids and rock gardens are navigatable when no-one is in the canoe. A line is attached to the canoe, it must be centre lined to the canoes axis and the canoer, on shore, simply allows the canoe to run the rapids empty while reeling in or reeling out rope as necessary.
120:(or classes) range from I or 1 (the easiest) to VI or 6 (the most difficult/dangerous). Grade/Class I can be described as slightly moving water with ripples. Grade/Class VI can be described as severe or almost unrunnable whitewater, such as
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Another technique used to prevent the bow of the canoe from submerging. The bowsman uses his paddle like an outrigger held horizontal to the rivers surface. Used mostly to limit the amount of water the canoe takes in during running rapids.
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to be lightweight and have faster hull speed. Plastic whitewater canoes can be used in citizen-level races. In the United States and Canada there are separate slalom organizations and races for decked canoes and open canoes.
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Boofing, in whitewater canoeing, refers to the raising of the canoe's bow during freefall, while descending a ledge, ducking behind a boulder, or running a
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is a competitive form of this aspect of whitewater canoeing, in which canoers race down steep sections and or generally dangerous sections of whitewater.
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Sometimes the only way to get over an obstacle, like a beaver dam or a shallow rock ledge, is to get out of the canoe and lift it or drag it over.
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started to enjoy floating down rivers in all kinds of contraptions taking in nature previously only available to a selected few.
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river. Whitewater canoeing can range from simple, carefree gently moving water, to demanding, dangerous whitewater. River
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in different parts of the world. The modern day canoe most likely originated about 8,000 years ago.
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Slalom is a technical competitive form of canoeing, and the only whitewater event to appear in the
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Whitewater canoeist Marty Plante on
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To keep the bow as high as possible sometimes no weight in the front, no bowsman, works well.
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The canoe (or just 'boat') used in casual whitewater canoeing is different from those used in
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due to the lightweight, but most modern recreational whitewater boats are typically
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175:. Early whitewater boats were made of wood followed by aluminium and later
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of the canoe makes contact with water at the base of the waterfall.
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and the kayak evolved depending on the needs and environment of the
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Alexander Mackenzie Canada Sea-to-Sea Bicentennial Expeditions
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according to the difficulty, danger or severity of the rapid.
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There are several 'sub-categories' in whitewater canoeing:
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which mimics the sound that is usually created when the
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Paddling on rivers, lakes and oceans is as old as the
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282:time in the middle of the 19th century, people in
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131:A whitewater canoer during Eurocup Playboating (
46:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
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499:Canoeing and kayaking at the Summer Olympics
455:bottom (boat bellyflopping into the water).
1203:Canadian International Dragon Boat Festival
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1213:Hong Kong Dragon Boat Festival in New York
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16:Paddling a canoe on a moving body of water
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514:Whitewater recreation in British Columbia
77:Learn how and when to remove this message
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171:, sewn with tree roots and sealed with
104:on a moving body of water, typically a
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1271:British Dragon Boat Racing Association
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306:Touring canoe on the Kesagami River,
272:A Thousand Miles in the Roy Rob Canoe
167:. Traditionally, canoes were made of
1372:The Rise and Fall of the Great Lakes
1324:International Dragon Boat Federation
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1137:List of world records in canoeing
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1223:Lethbridge Dragon Boat Festival
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1147:Au Sable River Canoe Marathon
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1436:Extreme and adventure sports
1218:Houston Dragon Boat Festival
1120:Canoeing and kayaking venues
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1301:Portuguese Canoe Federation
1228:Ottawa Dragon Boat Festival
1187:Riverland Paddling Marathon
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374:Dickerson Whitewater Course
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270:published in 1866 the book
100:is the sport of paddling a
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1296:Scottish Canoe Association
1256:American Canoe Association
1251:European Canoe Association
744:Women's Canadian medalists
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1162:Hawkesbury Canoe Classic
1142:Adirondack Canoe Classic
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32:This article includes a
795:Slalom Junior & U23
784:Women's kayak medalists
774:Women's canoe medalists
754:Women's kayak medalists
159:Modern whitewater canoe
61:more precise citations.
1172:National Student Rodeo
855:Canoe and kayak diving
716:Standup paddleboarding
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417:Whitewater playboating
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1319:Canadian Canoe Museum
1167:Massive Murray Paddle
1114:Artificial whitewater
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779:Men's kayak medalists
769:Men's canoe medalists
749:Men's kayak medalists
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372:Whitewater slalom at
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276:Industrial Revolution
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1903:Freestyle scootering
1729:Traditional climbing
1025:Canoe paddle strokes
982:Sturgeon-nosed canoe
540:River level Readings
1830:Powered paragliding
1657:Whitewater kayaking
1652:Whitewater canoeing
1311:Other organisations
1157:Dusi Canoe Marathon
911:International Canoe
831:Whitewater canoeing
826:Small-craft sailing
759:Paracanoe medalists
531:Whitewater canoeing
98:Whitewater canoeing
1961:Ski mountaineering
1724:Free solo climbing
1662:Whitewater rafting
1276:Canoe Kayak Canada
1058:Albano buoy system
921:Recreational kayak
865:Canoe orienteering
810:Wildwater canoeing
614:Wildwater canoeing
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34:list of references
2091:Whitewater sports
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1467:Kite landboarding
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1353:La Chasse-galerie
972:Pacific Northwest
935:Traditional boats
669:Other disciplines
364:Whitewater slalom
165:whitewater racing
118:Whitewater grades
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2010:Adventure racing
1984:Extreme sledding
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1635:Technical diving
1482:Mountainboarding
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1177:Thameside Series
655:Female medalists
587:Main disciplines
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334:Roches du Diable
278:leading to more
112:are graded like
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2050:Powerbocking
2045:Orienteering
2035:Fell running
2030:Extreme Pogo
1956:Speed skiing
1918:Vert skating
1842:Speed flying
1820:Hang gliding
1774:Cliff-diving
1752:BASE jumping
1690:Ice climbing
1651:
1647:Water skiing
1625:Scuba diving
1597:Water sports
1539:Wakeboarding
1512:Snowboarding
1502:Skimboarding
1492:Sandboarding
1477:Longboarding
1472:Kiteboarding
1457:Bodyboarding
1377:
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1130:Competitions
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1078:Paddle leash
1073:Paddle float
926:Sprint canoe
879:Modern boats
870:Canoe livery
840:Sea kayaking
833: /
830:
805:Ocean Racing
706:Snow boating
599:Canoe slalom
594:Canoe sprint
488:
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445:onomatopoeia
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426:and Europe.
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393:carbon fiber
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193:carbon fiber
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53:Please help
45:
2055:Slacklining
1837:Parasailing
1825:Paragliding
1784:Tombstoning
1630:Cave diving
1615:High diving
1605:Coasteering
1554:Motorsports
1544:Windsurfing
1517:Snowskating
1462:Dirtsurfing
1444:Boardsports
1379:Waterwalker
1281:Canoe Wales
962:Fur brigade
696:Surf skiing
686:Nouka Baich
504:Freeboating
320:spraycovers
201:rotomoulded
67:August 2013
59:introducing
2080:Categories
2065:Zip-lining
1946:Freeriding
1868:BMX racing
1810:Air racing
1805:Aerobatics
1736:Skyrunning
1642:Snorkeling
1620:Jet Skiing
1610:Freediving
1582:Rally raid
1572:Rallycross
1507:Skysurfing
1093:Spray deck
1035:Kayak roll
1017:Techniques
819:Recreation
609:Canoe polo
520:References
430:Techniques
396:composites
177:fiberglass
135:), on the
106:whitewater
1979:Bobsleigh
1757:Free BASE
1680:Canyoning
1567:Motocross
1266:Paddle UK
1196:Festivals
1063:Outrigger
1050:Equipment
1007:Swan boat
1002:War canoe
629:Paracanoe
441:waterfall
249:Herodotus
230:catamaran
222:Stone Age
169:tree bark
1994:Skeleton
1971:Sledding
1885:Downhill
1672:Climbing
1587:Snocross
1577:Rallying
1562:Drifting
1088:Sea sock
835:kayaking
800:Marathon
676:Creeking
638:Olympics
580:kayaking
576:Canoeing
493:See also
378:Maryland
339:Creeking
326:Creeking
141:Augsburg
137:Eiskanal
114:ski runs
1896:Rolling
1856:Cycling
1815:Gliding
1745:Falling
1527:Surfing
1396:Outline
1083:Royalex
1040:Portage
977:Rabaska
485:One Man
459:Bracing
435:Boofing
308:Ontario
280:leisure
257:Babylon
253:Armenia
216:History
210:paddler
205:plastic
189:vectran
185:spectra
145:Germany
55:improve
2015:Caving
2003:Others
1934:Skiing
1798:Flying
1107:Venues
1098:Tuilik
1068:Paddle
987:Taimen
957:Dugout
947:Cayuco
765:Slalom
735:Sprint
660:Venues
535:Curlie
468:Lining
358:Slalom
312:Canada
284:Europe
232:, the
228:, the
224:. The
197:racing
181:kevlar
151:Design
110:rapids
1344:Media
992:Umiak
916:Malia
901:Flyak
891:Kayak
886:Canoe
477:Carry
348:stern
290:Types
245:Greek
234:canoe
173:resin
102:canoe
40:, or
1989:Luge
1365:film
997:Waka
578:and
449:hull
346:and
264:Scot
262:The
243:The
226:raft
191:and
1863:BMX
726:ICF
533:at
382:USA
344:bow
255:to
179:or
139:in
2082::
424:UK
380:,
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310:,
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