418:
1106:
852:
938:
2200:
204:
2210:
602:
1003:
90:
790:) is the largest fish to enter freshwater in Japan and may reach sizes of up to 2 meters in length. The Japanese taimen is a critically endangered species including the Japanese populations which are restricted to the rivers and surrounding ocean of Hokkaido. Also present is the Japanese dace (
1312:, and to support fish ecosystems. As of 2023, 12 million hectares are protected. Some fishermen have worked to maintain forests in coastal areas, with coastal waters subsequently having greater fish biodiversity. Japan's
2165:
2175:
1316:
has taken several measure to conserve native wildlife such as hunting restrictions, captive breeding programs, and habitat protection and restoration. The feeding of wild animals by humans (
2134:
1532:
Iwase, Akira; Hashizume, Jun; Izuho, Masami; Takahashi, Keiichi; Sato, Hiroyuki (March 2012). "Timing of
Megafaunal Extinction in the Late Late Pleistocene on the Japanese Archipelago".
2129:
2139:
929:. Due to changing ecosystems, this butterfly has become endangered, especially within the past 40 years. It is one of the four species that have disappeared in Shikoku.
1984:
1914:
2180:
2124:
2185:
1320:) has led to local governments issuing fines and other means to lessen the dependence on humans for food and adverse changes in natural behavior.
1508:
1718:
1692:
1282:, increasing numbers of plants have come from Europe, North America and elsewhere. Native food plants include the water dropwort (
2114:
1067:
590:) which in Japan are found only in the warm Ryukyu islands but have much wider distributions on mainland Asia. Three species of
154:
1039:
417:
126:
2089:
1839:
1654:
Takeuchi, T., Takahashi, J., Kiyoshi, T. et al (2015). "Genetic differentiation in the endangered myrmecophilous butterfly
948:
1313:
1046:
133:
1020:
107:
2239:
1086:
626:
173:
1147:
can be found. In the warm-temperate climate of Kyūshū, Shikoku and south-western Honshū, the dominant vegetation is
1053:
140:
1308:
In 1897 Japan passed a law that protects forests for a variety of purposes, including to prevent erosion, protect
2249:
1660:
1612:
594:
are present in the southern islands including the
Formosan odd-scaled snake, Japanese odd-scaled snake, and the
1329:
1024:
111:
1035:
122:
1924:
978:
2244:
2170:
863:
669:
family (Hynobiidae) is particularly well represented; many members of the family are found only in Japan.
487:). Most of the non-endemic birds are shared with China but a few originate in Siberia or south-east Asia.
2034:
571:
543:
1303:
729:. The southern Ryukyu Islands are home to endemic species of colorful freshwater gobies in the genus
658:
605:
1501:
2084:
2049:
2004:
1856:
1832:
198:
187:
76:
species that are found nowhere else in the world, making it home to many endangered/rare species.
2234:
1974:
1969:
1864:
1637:
Yasuhiro
Nakamura (2011). "Conservation of butterflies in Japan: status, actions, and strategy".
1013:
100:
2094:
2069:
1964:
1884:
1874:
1060:
919:
Some of the butterflies are endangered, and thus added into the Japan Red List. One example is
869:
773:
617:
575:
531:
452:
412:
377:
147:
1255:
grows abundantly in Japan with around 400 to 500 species including the dwarf bamboos known as
558:. Many pitviper species, known as habus throughout Japan are endemic to islands in the warmer
2059:
2054:
1934:
954:
941:
892:
792:
365:
1475:
2074:
2029:
2009:
1999:
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are dominant in much of
HokkaidŠand in the mountains of central and northern Honshū with
622:
539:
1158:. In north Honshū and south-west HokkaidŠthe climate is cool-temperate with broad-leaved
633:
is found only on the southernmost islands of
Iriomote and Ishigaki in its Japanese range.
534:
occur in warmer waters around southern Japan. Venomous snakes include the mildly venomous
8:
2154:
2099:
2014:
1994:
1879:
1869:
1825:
551:
535:
436:
49:
1545:
2144:
2079:
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1979:
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1909:
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909:
879:
855:
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566:) is found on the main islands. Non-venomous rat snakes found in Japan are the endemic
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1105:
2209:
2104:
2064:
2039:
2019:
1929:
1919:
1904:
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Masaya Iijima; Keiichi
Takahashi; Yoshitsugu Kobayashi (2016). "The oldest record of
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1279:
1191:
1132:
641:
612:
611:
Lizards include many endemic skink species (especially in the southern islands), the
595:
432:
421:
219:
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have been recorded in Japan and more than 250 of these breed. A number of birds are
2024:
1989:
1944:
1939:
1848:
1780:
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1621:
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Many plants have been introduced to Japan from mainland Asia including important
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1100:
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species are known to have occurred in the recent geological past of Japan: the
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491:
456:
322:
1419:
396:
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2203:
1610:
from the Late
Pliocene of Western Japan, and its biogeographic implication".
1275:
1209:
have replaced natural forest in many areas. Commonly grown trees include the
1163:
851:
836:
763:
686:
615:(found as far north as the island of Hokkaido), and the Okinawa tree lizard (
388:
383:
330:
37:
1109:
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to the rich northern feeding grounds near northwestern Honshu and
Hokkaido.
937:
1719:"Saving forests to protect coastal ecosystems: Japan sets historic example"
1309:
1195:
1148:
828:
804:
786:
714:
694:
601:
507:
464:
299:
1693:"Climate refugees? As the sea warms, corals thrive in Japan's cool waters"
766:(which has several unique freshwater morphs in Japan). Chars in the genus
56:
species which have colonized Japan from the north. In the south there are
2213:
1812:
1755:(Asian Environments: Connections across Borders, Landscapes, and Times).
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1113:
824:
816:
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in the Ryukyu
Islands have many fish typical of tropical waters such as
227:
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1206:
1144:
1027: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
820:
812:
768:
682:
637:
523:
472:
203:
114: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
36:
stretch a long distance from north to south and cover a wide range of
1249:). The last is Japan's tallest conifer reaching 40 metres in height.
1159:
1151:
1117:
887:
875:
731:
654:
591:
527:
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also formerly inhabited Honshu. Two wolf species found in Japan, the
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255:
61:
53:
1745:"Bonding with the Nonhuman World: Why People Feed Wildlife in Japan"
1586:
1002:
243:
89:
1817:
1795:
1782:
Revision of the Fishes
Collected by Burger and Von Siebold in Japan
1136:
926:
800:
463:). Several species are unique to the smaller islands including the
307:
73:
60:
species, typical of tropical regions. Between these areas lies the
41:
29:
916:. Firefly viewing is a popular tourist attraction in some areas.
1179:
913:
722:
555:
519:
283:
259:
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989:
has led to these corals expanding at the expense of seagrasses.
1502:"Dugongs in the Great Barrier Reef: Current State of Knowledge"
1252:
1183:
1124:
901:
897:
349:
215:
709:). The common carp is the ancestor of the well-known domestic
1140:
503:
495:
69:
65:
33:
25:
21:
1531:
1127:
occur naturally in Japan. The vegetation varies widely from
776:(including several unique varieties such as the gogi char),
218:
occur in Japan. The largest of these are the two bears. The
1271:
1267:
678:
499:
428:
45:
1187:
1155:
710:
621:). Freshwater turtles found in Japan include the endemic
230:, where it plays an important role in the culture of the
1418:
742:
fish include six species of salmon represented by the
1190:
growing. In the highest mountains there is a zone of
538:, and the more venomous front fanged vipers are the
1658:: a comparison of natural and secondary habitats".
961:. The eggs and larvae develop during winter in the
1568:
1476:"National Endangered Species Tsushima Leopard Cat"
965:and the adults travel with minimum energy via the
494:through Japan in spring and autumn including many
1716:
1690:
925:, a parasitic butterfly that commonly resides in
843:) have been recorded from deep waters off Japan.
226:), the largest land animal in Japan, is found in
2226:
1681:. Blackwell Scientific Publications, 2nd Edition
403:), went extinct in 1889 and 1905, respectively.
44:despite Japan's isolation from the mainland of
665:), one of the world's largest amphibians. The
1833:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1345:
498:. In winter, several sites are important for
1414:
1412:
1410:
1380:
1378:
337:). Among Japan's most famous mammals is the
210:bathing in hot springs in Nagano prefecture
1840:
1826:
1342:
513:
1407:
1375:
1087:Learn how and when to remove this message
878:including several of the mainly tropical
174:Learn how and when to remove this message
1570:"On the Extinction of the Japanese Wolf"
1104:
936:
850:
713:carp. Small freshwater fish include the
600:
416:
202:
48:. In the north of the country, north of
1736:
1468:
1441:
1135:in the north. In the subtropical zone,
681:have been recorded in Japan. Important
526:and highly venomous but non-aggressive
2227:
1742:
1677:Mann, K.H. and J.R.N. Lazier. (2006).
1566:
1395:. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan
1363:. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan
981:which lie within waters warmed by the
858:, the largest social wasp in the world
345:), the world's most northerly monkey.
40:. This results in a high diversity of
1821:
1691:Annelise Giseburt (25 October 2023).
1560:
1480:Tsushima Wildlife Conservation Center
1847:
1671:
1447:
1025:adding citations to reliable sources
996:
949:List of non-marine molluscs of Japan
112:adding citations to reliable sources
83:
64:zone which shares many species with
1813:Japan Wildlife Conservation Society
1717:Annelise Giseburt (27 April 2023).
13:
1800:Japan: An illustrated encyclopedia
522:of which nearly half are endemic.
14:
2261:
1806:
1194:plants including the low-growing
1123:Around 4,000 to 6,000 species of
985:and its offshoots. The impact of
627:Ryukyu black-breasted leaf turtle
2208:
2199:
2198:
1001:
815:are found in warmer areas while
588:Orthriophis taeniurus schmackeri
242:) inhabits mountainous areas in
88:
1710:
1684:
1648:
1631:
1613:Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
1514:from the original on 2014-02-21
1297:
1012:needs additional citations for
99:needs additional citations for
2166:British Indian Ocean Territory
1639:Journal of Insect Conservation
1600:
1525:
1494:
1330:Biota of Tokyo Imperial Palace
1274:and garden plants such as the
1259:and the taller kinds known as
874:Japan has around 300 kinds of
518:Japan has about 73 species of
1:
1679:Dynamics of Marine Ecosystems
1482:. Ministry of the Environment
1429:. Ministry of the Environment
1386:"Fact Sheet: Flora and Fauna"
1335:
576:Japanese four-lined rat snake
306:) is unique to the island of
294:) of mainland Asia occurs on
1626:10.1016/j.jseaes.2016.04.017
1554:10.1016/j.quaint.2011.03.029
864:List of butterflies of Japan
313:Grazing mammals include the
7:
1792:, Christopher Helm, London.
1427:Ministry of the Environment
1323:
1314:Ministry of the Environment
1263:which can reach 20 meters.
932:
562:chain however the mamushi (
348:Marine mammals include the
10:
2266:
1301:
1098:
946:
867:
861:
846:
841:Chlamydoselachus anguineus
410:
214:About 130 species of land
196:
192:
185:
2194:
2153:
2113:
1855:
1450:"From Prejudice to Pride"
1304:Artificial reefs in Japan
725:including the endangered
721:) and several species of
659:Japanese giant salamander
606:Japanese giant salamander
572:Japanese forest rat snake
304:Prionailurus iriomotensis
2240:Natural history of Japan
1915:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
1788:Brazil, Mark A. (1991).
1534:Quaternary International
992:
972:
957:are associated with the
890:including the primitive
449:Syrmaticus soemmerringii
406:
362:Neophocaena phocaenoides
292:Prionailurus bengalensis
272:Nyctereutes procyonoides
199:List of mammals of Japan
188:List of animals of Japan
79:
2176:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1420:"The Wildlife in Japan"
1131:forest in the south to
886:. There are around 190
784:. The Japanese taimen (
772:are represented by the
719:Nipponocypris sieboldii
672:
514:Reptiles and amphibians
490:Large numbers of birds
2250:Biota of archipelagoes
1575:Asian Folklore Studies
1120:
1112:, a large and ancient
977:Japan has a number of
944:
870:List of moths of Japan
859:
691:Plecoglossus altivelis
657:species including the
618:Diploderma polygonatum
608:
596:Amami odd-scaled snake
532:black-banded sea krait
485:Apalopteron familiare
424:
413:List of birds of Japan
401:Canis lupus hodophylax
378:Palaeoloxodon naumanni
335:Sus scrofa leucomystax
282:). There are two wild
211:
72:. Japan also has many
1779:Boeseman, M. (1947).
1743:Knight, John (2014).
1661:Conservation Genetics
1567:Knight, John (1997).
1108:
979:temperate coral reefs
955:Japanese flying squid
942:Japanese flying squid
940:
893:Epiophlebia superstes
854:
793:Tribolodon hakonensis
604:
420:
375:The extinct elephant
206:
2090:United Arab Emirates
1247:Cryptomeria japonica
1215:Chamaecyparis obtusa
1170:) and oaks like the
1021:improve this article
953:The winter spawning
880:milkweed butterflies
677:Over 3,000 types of
623:Japanese pond turtle
469:Gallirallus okinawae
461:Phasianus versicolor
427:Over 600 species of
108:improve this article
2245:Wildlife by country
2117:limited recognition
1546:2012QuInt.255..114I
1227:Japanese black pine
1196:Siberian dwarf pine
1036:"Wildlife of Japan"
896:. Other well-known
833:Mitsukurina owstoni
827:. The little-known
699:Carassius carassius
564:Gloydius blomhoffii
437:Japanese woodpecker
384:Sinomegaceros yabei
327:Capricornis crispus
123:"Wildlife of Japan"
1802:, Kodansha, Tokyo.
1790:The Birds of Japan
1608:Alligator sinensis
1243:Japanese red cedar
1121:
1114:Japanese red cedar
945:
910:Asian giant hornet
860:
856:Asian giant hornet
780:, and the endemic
778:Dolly Varden trout
774:white-spotted char
667:Asiatic salamander
653:There are over 40
631:Chinese box turtle
609:
568:Japanese rat snake
425:
422:Red-crowned cranes
393:Canis lupus hattai
370:Eumetopias jubatus
366:Steller's sea lion
212:
2222:
2221:
2159:other territories
1849:Wildlife of Asia
1456:. Hakai Institute
1285:Oenanthe javanica
1280:Meiji Restoration
1219:Japanese red pine
1154:forest with many
1133:coniferous forest
1097:
1096:
1089:
1071:
900:in Japan include
803:fish include the
717:, Japanese chub (
685:fish include the
663:Andrias japonicus
642:Chinese alligator
613:viviparous lizard
592:odd-scaled snakes
540:elegant pit viper
220:Ussuri brown bear
184:
183:
176:
158:
52:, there are many
32:. The islands of
18:wildlife of Japan
2257:
2212:
2202:
2201:
2171:Christmas Island
1857:Sovereign states
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1761:10.5282/rcc/6331
1749:RCC Perspectives
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1291:Wasabia japonica
1239:Cleyera japonica
1235:sakaki evergreen
1231:Pinus thunbergii
1223:Pinus densiflora
1162:trees including
1092:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1072:
1070:
1029:
1005:
997:
983:Kuroshio Current
967:Kuroshio Current
959:Kuroshio Current
584:beauty rat snake
477:Turdus celaenops
358:finless porpoise
339:Japanese macaque
240:Ursus thibetanus
236:Asian black bear
208:Japanese macaque
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58:south-east Asian
50:Blakiston's Line
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1176:Quercus serrata
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727:rosy bitterling
707:Cyprinus carpio
675:
647:Toyotamaphimeia
516:
481:Bonin white-eye
445:copper pheasant
415:
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381:and giant deer
296:Tsushima Island
280:Martes melampus
276:Japanese marten
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1807:External links
1805:
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1773:
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1683:
1670:
1656:Niphanda fusca
1647:
1630:
1599:
1581:(1): 129â159.
1559:
1524:
1507:. 2014-02-21.
1493:
1467:
1454:Hakai Magazine
1440:
1406:
1374:
1357:"Wild Animals"
1340:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1325:
1322:
1299:
1296:
1288:) and wasabi (
1211:hinoki cypress
1164:Japanese beech
1101:Flora of Japan
1099:Main article:
1095:
1094:
1009:
1007:
1000:
994:
991:
987:climate change
974:
971:
963:East China Sea
947:Main article:
934:
931:
922:Niphanda fusca
884:Ryukyu Islands
868:Main article:
862:Main article:
848:
845:
782:kirikuchi char
760:sockeye salmon
744:Chinook salmon
674:
671:
580:king rat snake
560:Ryukyu Islands
536:tiger keelback
530:including the
515:
512:
457:green pheasant
451:) and Japan's
435:including the
411:Main article:
408:
405:
343:Macaca fuscata
323:Japanese serow
286:in Japan: the
197:Main article:
194:
191:
186:Main article:
182:
181:
96:
94:
87:
81:
78:
38:climatic zones
28:, and natural
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2:
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2155:Dependencies
2085:Turkmenistan
2050:Saudi Arabia
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1752:
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1722:
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1426:
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1392:
1365:. Retrieved
1360:
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1298:Conservation
1289:
1283:
1278:. Since the
1265:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1238:
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1222:
1214:
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1200:Pinus pumila
1199:
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1149:broad-leaved
1122:
1083:
1077:October 2018
1074:
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1043:
1031:
1019:Please help
1014:verification
1011:
976:
952:
920:
918:
891:
873:
840:
832:
829:goblin shark
809:Pagrus major
808:
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787:Hucho perryi
785:
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730:
718:
706:
698:
695:crucian carp
690:
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586:(subspecies
563:
544:Okinawa habu
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300:Iriomote cat
291:
279:
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258:include the
239:
224:Ursus arctos
223:
213:
170:
164:October 2018
161:
151:
144:
137:
130:
118:
106:Please help
101:verification
98:
17:
15:
2214:Asia portal
2115:States with
2035:Philippines
1975:South Korea
1970:North Korea
1865:Afghanistan
1702:26 November
1540:: 114â124.
1207:plantations
1172:jolcham oak
1129:subtropical
888:dragonflies
876:butterflies
825:anemonefish
817:coral reefs
813:Mudskippers
756:coho salmon
752:pink salmon
748:chum salmon
703:common carp
638:crocodilian
548:Tokara habu
524:Sea turtles
397:Honshū wolf
288:leopard cat
268:raccoon dog
232:Ainu people
2229:Categories
2095:Uzbekistan
2070:Tajikistan
1985:Kyrgyzstan
1965:Kazakhstan
1885:Bangladesh
1875:Azerbaijan
1766:19 October
1620:: 94â101.
1592:18 October
1518:2020-11-06
1486:18 October
1460:18 October
1433:18 October
1399:18 October
1367:18 October
1336:References
1302:See also:
1145:tree ferns
1110:JÅmon Sugi
1047:newspapers
821:parrotfish
799:Important
769:Salvelinus
762:, and the
740:anadromous
723:bitterling
683:freshwater
578:, and the
528:sea snakes
473:Izu thrush
298:while the
256:carnivores
254:. Smaller
134:newspapers
2181:Hong Kong
2135:Palestine
2060:Sri Lanka
2055:Singapore
1935:Indonesia
1668:(4): 979.
1393:Web Japan
1361:Web Japan
1160:deciduous
1152:evergreen
1137:mangroves
1118:Yakushima
914:fireflies
801:saltwater
732:Stiphodon
715:pale chub
655:amphibian
552:hime habu
315:sika deer
62:temperate
54:subarctic
2204:Category
2125:Abkhazia
2075:Thailand
2030:Pakistan
2010:Mongolia
2005:Maldives
2000:Malaysia
1900:Cambodia
1798:(1993).
1796:Kodansha
1728:28 April
1723:Mongabay
1697:Mongabay
1509:Archived
1324:See also
1205:Conifer
1180:Conifers
933:Molluscs
927:satoyama
906:crickets
738:Notable
554:and the
308:Iriomote
228:HokkaidÅ
42:wildlife
30:habitats
2100:Vietnam
2015:Myanmar
1995:Lebanon
1925:Georgia
1880:Bahrain
1870:Armenia
1785:Leiden.
1542:Bibcode
1318:esayari
1184:spruces
1061:scholar
902:cicadas
898:insects
882:in the
847:Insects
556:mamushi
520:reptile
492:migrate
433:endemic
260:red fox
252:Shikoku
193:Mammals
148:scholar
74:endemic
2145:Taiwan
2080:Turkey
2045:Russia
1980:Kuwait
1960:Jordan
1950:Israel
1910:Cyprus
1895:Brunei
1890:Bhutan
1253:Bamboo
1241:) and
1141:cycads
1125:plants
1063:
1056:
1049:
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701:) and
629:. The
508:cranes
496:waders
479:) and
455:, the
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350:dugong
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248:Kyūshū
244:Honshū
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216:mammal
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2186:Macau
2105:Yemen
2065:Syria
2040:Qatar
2020:Nepal
1955:Japan
1930:India
1920:Egypt
1905:China
1512:(PDF)
1505:(PDF)
1423:(PDF)
1389:(PDF)
1270:like
1268:crops
1068:JSTOR
1054:books
993:Flora
973:Coral
504:geese
500:swans
407:Birds
155:JSTOR
141:books
80:Fauna
70:Korea
66:China
34:Japan
26:fauna
22:flora
2025:Oman
1990:Laos
1945:Iraq
1940:Iran
1768:2023
1730:2023
1704:2023
1594:2023
1488:2023
1462:2023
1435:2023
1401:2023
1369:2023
1272:rice
1261:take
1257:sasa
1188:firs
1186:and
1156:oaks
1143:and
1040:news
912:and
823:and
679:fish
673:Fish
644:and
582:and
506:and
429:bird
284:cats
250:and
127:news
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