31:
407:
110:
508:
96:
446:, staying at Graudenz for a day during his journey. While in the follow-up months many isolated Prussian fortresses and detachments surrendered or dissolved, Courbière and his roughly 5,700-strong garrison stood firm on 22 January 1807, when French troops took the city of Graudenz and began blockading the fortress. The French forces consisted of French and Hessian troops as well as contingents of
470:
to demand surrender again. In one of his depeches Savary argued that there was no King of
Prussia anymore as he had left his lands in French hands. However, in reference to King Frederick William Courbière refused to surrender and verbally answered
520:
498:
were finally set, with
Graudenz remaining Prussian territory, on 12 December the blockade was lifted and the last French troops left the city. The siege had ended after 313 days with some 3,140 men remaining in the garrison.
524:
515:
Afterwards Courbière was named governor general of West
Prussia and kept his official residence in Graudenz. He died there on 23 July 1811 and was laid to rest in the garden of the fortress headquarters.
490:. Meanwhile, the French, against the statutes of the signed treaty, upheld their blockade of the fortress and continued to occupy the area; their troops now consisted mainly of Saxons under General
475:, though the exact wording or meaning is somewhat disputed. In the following months the siege was intensified, the French got more reinforcements and after Danzig fell command was briefly given to
455:
1004:
355:
1019:
491:
1009:
311:
1029:
486:
was signed on 9 July, however Courbière did not receive confirmation of this until 27 July. Enclosed in the official dispatch was a royal commission promoting him to
545:
454:, their numerous demands to surrender were refused by Courbière. Then, after briefly leaving the field, they reoccupied the city and, by now commanded by General
1024:
346:. In 1766 Courbière married Sophie von Weiss. The couple, married until her death in 1809, had nine children. Among the laters' private teachers was
564:
While originally named
Guillaume René, the Germanised version is Wilhelm Reinhard. He is mostly referred to in the combined form of Wilhelm René.
531:. His monument there was removed in the same year. He also was the namesake of streets in Emden and Berlin as well as a square in the latter.
897:
999:
994:
989:
953:
270:
Wilhelm René de l'Homme de Courbière was born on 25 February 1733 into a Franco-Dutch family, paternally expatriates from the
851:
1014:
476:
984:
836:
519:
The general was the namesake of two regiments; the 58th
Infantry Regiment "von Courbière", which eventually became the
942:
914:
874:
439:
527:. Likewise the fortress he defended carried his name from 1893 until it became a Polish possession in 1920 after
885:
447:
291:
287:
165:
467:
540:
30:
431:
427:
197:
798:
406:
812:
375:
327:
187:
395:
223:
451:
842:
579:
Eh bien, ça se peut; mais s’il n’y a plus un Roi de Prusse, il existe au moins un roi de
Graudenz
379:
575:
Eh bien, ça se peut; mais s’il n’y a plus un Roi de Prusse, il existe encore un roi de
Graudenz.
463:
391:
387:
347:
227:
435:
979:
974:
800:
Feste
Graudienz 1807 unter Gouverneur de Courbiere - Geschichte der Blockade und Belagerung
487:
152:
354:, fighting at least two duels during his time in Emden. Among Courbière's descendants was
8:
832:
383:
307:
282:. Following his father, Alexis Baron de l’Homme de Courbière, young Courbière joined the
170:
299:
175:
115:
82:
238:(25 February 1733 – 23 July 1811) was a Dutch-born military officer who served in the
938:
910:
870:
283:
251:
239:
202:
128:
323:
581:; with some thinking that King of Graudenz was meant to refer to Courbière himself.
331:
319:
473:"While there may be no King of Prussia anymore there still is a King of Graudenz."
495:
483:
371:
259:
192:
926:
Geschichte des
Grenadier-Regiments König Wilhelm I. (2. Westpreussisches) Nr. 7
828:
390:
for the later. Then he became a corps commander and in 1798 he was promoted to
303:
279:
219:
180:
101:
62:
968:
315:
295:
243:
132:
869:: Ostfriesische Landschaftliche Verlags- und Vertriebsgesellschaft: 66–69.
443:
423:
367:
363:
528:
271:
275:
58:
935:
Charlottenburg und seine
Strassen: Strassennamen im Spiegel der Zeiten
359:
459:
415:
255:
247:
78:
342:
When the war ended he stayed in the army as garrison commander at
907:
Posen, Thorn, Bromberg: mit Großpolen, Kujawien und Südostpommern
827:
507:
419:
883:
866:
1005:
Dutch military personnel of the War of the Austrian Succession
343:
954:"Max-Josef-Metzger-Platz: Nur scheinbar unscheinbares Grün"
521:
7th (2nd West Prussian) Grenadier Regiment "King William I"
351:
1020:
German military personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
410:
The city and fortress of Graudenz along the Vistula river
838:
Encyclopaedia of Chronology: Historical and Biographical
466:(situated down on the end of the Vistula), sent General
414:
In 1803 he was made governor and garrison commander at
298:
as a company commander in 1757. Then he served in the
546:
List of the Pour le Mérite (military class) recipients
262:, until the siege was finally lifted after 11 months.
394:. In 1802 he was bestowed with the knighthood of the
286:
in 1746. He served with the Regiment d’Aylva in the
1010:
Prussian military personnel of the Seven Years' War
849:
525:19th (2nd Posen) Infantry Regiment "von Courbière"
366:. Wilhelm René de l'Homme de Courbière was made a
1030:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (military class)
458:, started besieging the fortress again. In March
966:
511:Courbiere's house within the citadel at Graudenz
494:. After the borders between Prussia and the new
314:he was given the rank of Major and command of a
294:. He left Dutch service in 1753 and entered the
92:
41:Guillaume René de l'Homme, Seigneur de Courbière
811:von Alten, Georg Karl Friedrich Viktor (1910).
1025:Prussian Army personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
482:Graudenz was still in Prussian hands when the
886:"Courbière, Wilhelm René Baron de l'Homme de"
806:(in German). Graudenz: Verlag Arnold Kriedte.
573:The reply, made in French, has been given as
852:"Wilhelm Ren' Baron de l'Homme de COURBIÉRE"
909:(in German). Trescher Verlag. p. 293.
898:Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities
604:
602:
600:
598:
29:
884:Graf zur Lippe-Weißenfeld, Ernst (1876).
810:
258:'s troops throughout 1807, long past the
106:
932:
923:
595:
506:
502:
405:
859:Biographisches Lexikon für Ostfriesland
796:
653:
651:
620:
618:
616:
614:
430:much of Prussia was occupied after the
358:, who served as Generalleutnant in the
967:
951:
904:
378:began. In those he led formations at
937:(in German). Hentrich. p. 176.
924:Paetzold, Friedrich-Wilhelm (1987).
648:
632:
630:
611:
477:Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno
236:Wilhelm René de l'Homme de Courbière
23:Wilhelm René de l'Homme de Courbière
456:Johann Georg von Schäffer-Bernstein
337:
13:
823:. Deutsches Verlagshaus Bong: 851.
401:
14:
1041:
627:
492:Georg Friedrich August von Polenz
450:. Initially commanded by General
440:Frederick William III of Prussia
418:, a fortress and city along the
306:. Gaining the attention of King
108:
94:
1000:German people of French descent
928:(in German). Weber. p. 13.
777:
768:
759:
750:
741:
732:
723:
714:
705:
696:
687:
567:
479:before Rouyer took over again.
995:German people of Dutch descent
990:Dutch people of French descent
890:Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie
678:
669:
660:
639:
558:
288:War of the Austrian Succession
166:War of the Austrian Succession
1:
790:
541:List of German field marshals
265:
252:held the fortress of Graudenz
850:Henninger, Wolfgang (1997).
817:Handbuch für Heer und Flotte
588:
356:René de l'Homme de Courbière
7:
1015:People of the Silesian Wars
534:
468:Anne Jean Marie René Savary
428:War of the Fourth Coalition
312:Siege of Schweidnitz (1758)
198:War of the Fourth Coalition
10:
1046:
985:Field marshals of Prussia
952:Elfert, Eberhard (2013).
933:Scholtze, Gisela (1993).
376:French Revolutionary Wars
292:defense of Bergen op Zoom
215:
188:French Revolutionary Wars
158:
148:
138:
122:
88:
68:
45:
37:
28:
21:
905:Monzer, Frieder (2012).
551:
523:, and decades later the
432:Battle of Jena–Auerstedt
396:Order of the Black Eagle
350:. Courbière was a known
224:Order of the Black Eagle
843:Longmans, Green and Co.
290:, participating in the
797:Fischer, Paul (1907).
702:Fischer, p. 35, 40, 42
675:Fischer, pp. 16, 18-19
636:Woodward/Cates, p. 378
512:
411:
392:General der Infanterie
388:Order of the Red Eagle
348:Johann Gottfried Seume
228:Order of the Red Eagle
16:Prussian field marshal
510:
503:Later life and legacy
452:Marie François Rouyer
442:himself relocated to
409:
139:Years of service
577:or alternatively as
488:Generalfeldmarschall
326:. He also fought at
246:. Born into a Dutch-
153:Generalfeldmarschall
833:William L. R. Cates
308:Frederick the Great
250:family; he notably
729:Fischer, pp. 55-56
720:Fischer, p. 50, 54
711:Fischer, pp. 47-50
693:Fischer, pp. 32-35
684:Fischer, pp. 24-31
666:Henninger, pp. 2-3
513:
412:
370:in 1780 and was a
176:Third Silesian War
83:Kingdom of Prussia
624:von Alten, p. 851
448:Polish insurgents
284:Dutch States Army
240:Dutch States Army
233:
232:
203:Siege of Graudenz
129:Dutch States Army
1037:
961:
948:
929:
920:
901:
880:
856:
846:
824:
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774:Scholtze, p. 176
772:
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657:Lippe-Weißenfeld
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622:
609:
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582:
571:
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386:, receiving the
338:Prussian service
322:he received the
320:Siege of Dresden
171:Seven Years' War
124:
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56:25 February 1733
55:
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33:
19:
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765:Henninger, p. 3
764:
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756:Paetzold, p. 13
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568:
563:
559:
554:
537:
505:
496:Duchy of Warsaw
484:Peace of Tilsit
462:, impending to
404:
402:Napoleonic Wars
372:Generalleutnant
340:
304:Pomeranian wars
268:
260:Peace of Tilsit
226:
222:
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193:Napoleonic Wars
143:
131:
109:
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95:
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51:
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24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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829:B. B. Woodward
825:
808:
792:
789:
786:
785:
776:
767:
758:
749:
747:Monzer, p. 293
740:
738:Fischer, p. 55
731:
722:
713:
704:
695:
686:
677:
668:
659:
647:
638:
626:
610:
608:Fischer, p. 15
593:
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584:
583:
566:
556:
555:
553:
550:
549:
548:
543:
536:
533:
504:
501:
464:besiege Danzig
438:in 1806. King
436:Fall of Berlin
403:
400:
339:
336:
324:Pour le Mérite
316:free battalion
300:Third Silesian
280:Dutch Republic
267:
264:
231:
230:
220:Pour le Merite
217:
213:
212:
210:
209:
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181:Pomeranian War
178:
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136:
135:
126:
120:
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102:Dutch Republic
90:
86:
85:
76:(aged 78)
70:
66:
65:
63:Dutch Republic
47:
43:
42:
39:
35:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1021:
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986:
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978:
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970:
959:
958:Weddingweiser
955:
950:
946:
944:9783894680404
940:
936:
931:
927:
922:
918:
916:9783897942011
912:
908:
903:
899:
895:
892:(in German).
891:
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878:
876:3-932206-00-2
872:
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864:
861:(in German).
860:
853:
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844:
840:
839:
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830:
826:
822:
819:(in German).
818:
814:
813:"Courbiere.1"
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441:
437:
433:
429:
426:. During the
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296:Prussian Army
293:
289:
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274:province, in
273:
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257:
253:
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244:Prussian Army
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133:Prussian Army
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48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
960:(in German).
957:
934:
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906:
893:
889:
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858:
845:p. 378.
837:
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707:
698:
689:
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569:
560:
518:
514:
481:
472:
444:East Prussia
424:West Prussia
413:
368:Generalmajor
364:World War II
341:
318:. After the
310:, after the
269:
235:
234:
159:Battles/wars
74:(1811-07-23)
72:23 July 1811
980:1811 deaths
975:1733 births
529:World War I
969:Categories
900:: 534–535.
896:. Munich:
841:. London:
791:References
276:Maastricht
266:Early life
89:Allegiance
59:Maastricht
52:1733-02-25
38:Birth name
589:Footnotes
384:Pirmasens
374:when the
360:Wehrmacht
144:1757–1811
142:1746–1753
835:(1872).
535:See also
460:Napoleon
434:and the
416:Graudenz
352:duellist
328:Liegnitz
272:Dauphiné
256:Napoleon
254:against
248:Huguenot
242:and the
123:Service/
79:Graudenz
420:Vistula
362:during
278:in the
116:Prussia
941:
913:
873:
867:Aurich
783:Elfert
380:Verdun
332:Torgau
216:Awards
125:branch
113:
99:
855:(PDF)
804:(PDF)
552:Notes
344:Emden
939:ISBN
911:ISBN
871:ISBN
382:and
330:and
302:and
149:Rank
69:Died
46:Born
422:in
971::
956:.
894:IV
888:.
865:.
863:II
857:.
831:;
821:II
815:.
650:^
629:^
613:^
597:^
398:.
334:.
81:,
61:,
947:.
919:.
879:.
54:)
50:(
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