374:. In the summer, he was visited back by Yang. Khagan's display of submission and loyalty caused Emperor Yang to bestow much honor and wealth on him. When the senior officials Gao Jiong, Yuwen Bi (宇文弼), and Heruo Bi privately expressed disapproval, Emperor Yang discovered their criticism and put all of them to death, while removing
301:
However, Tolis' ambitious behaviour caused outrage to khagan. Tulan started to gather invasion party to attack Sui repeatedly in 597 and 599, only to be reported to emperor beforehand by Tolis every occasion. As a reaction, Tulan approached to
455:(H.N.Orkhun); Bumyn kagan (S.E Malov), G.Aidarov, Yamï qaγan (T.Tekin), Yamï qaγan (L.Bold), according I. Markwart, Yiamy kagan is Bumyn/Tumen. Ünal (2014) proposes that Ongin's Yama Qaghan corresponds to
612:
573:
G. Aydarov On the language of the Kutlug Kagan monument; News of the
Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR, Series of social sciences, 1963, issue-6. p. 81-88
306:
to combine forces and attack Tolis. Attack was a success and Tolis had to flee to China after his brothers and nephews getting killed during invasion.
1539:
1051:
1044:
1365:
1694:
1544:
1556:
1534:
857:
363:. Having a cleared way Qimin assumed Turkic throne, definitely starting division between Western and Eastern wings of khaganate.
1699:
524:
381:
In spring 609, Qimin made another visit to
Emperor Yang and was rewarded with much treasure. He died later from an illness.
784:
780:
776:
651:
634:
759:
674:
503:
447:
Meanwhile W. Radloff, basing on similarities of letters "b" and "y", identifies Ongin inscription's Yiamy kagan as
44:
1474:
564:
S.E. Malov
Onginsky monument; Monuments of ancient Türkic writing of Mongolia, Kyrgyzstan, M., L., 1959, p. 7-11
699:
1689:
1549:
1502:
17:
1679:
850:
1704:
1454:
1134:
298:). Princess was murdered and emperor fulfilled his promise, sending Princess Anyi (安义公主) to marry him.
1283:
1648:
1069:
973:
764:
440:
252:
48:
594:
1512:
1197:
752:
1529:
1517:
1507:
874:
843:
452:
817:
1524:
1497:
1464:
1449:
664:
540:
694:. Atatürk Kültür, Dil, ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu (Turkey). Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi.
8:
1684:
1439:
1429:
1237:
375:
371:
177:
1459:
615:
p. 3 of "Once Again on the
Etymology of the Old Turkic Yaŋa ~ Yaŋan ~ Yagan 'Elephant'"
1099:
1016:
517:
Ambassadors from the islands of immortals: China-Japan relations in the Han-Tang period
1469:
1434:
1372:
1242:
705:
695:
670:
520:
499:
444:
1561:
1222:
1109:
1104:
1030:
582:
Orhun H.N. Eski turk yazitlarі. Turk Tarih Kurumu basimevi, Ankara, 1986, p.127-132
456:
390:
378:, who also discouraged him from giving excessive rewards to khagan, from his post.
314:
188:
106:
1227:
1381:
1326:
1290:
1212:
1207:
1360:
1355:
1255:
1089:
1058:
1037:
939:
916:
771:
646:
629:
318:
268:
200:
155:
1673:
1582:
1444:
1350:
1301:
1232:
1127:
1119:
1023:
993:
906:
866:
406:
291:
709:
1653:
1321:
1186:
1179:
1172:
1114:
998:
955:
926:
921:
901:
896:
891:
810:
799:
448:
411:
401:
287:
272:
264:
145:
77:
1165:
1387:
1336:
1331:
1306:
1217:
1152:
1147:
1084:
1003:
885:
747:
468:
295:
279:
118:
1479:
1247:
1158:
1142:
1008:
988:
946:
827:
389:
He was married to
Princess Anyi (安义公主) at first and later her death to
340:
221:
196:
1269:
1262:
932:
730:
Die chinesischen
Nachrichten zur Geschichte der Ost-Türken (T'u-küe)
1597:
1424:
1404:
1276:
325:) to house Qimin's people, and also sent an army to protect Qimin.
313:
by
Emperor Wen. Meanwhile Princess Anyi died and he was married to
294:
origin khatun
Princess Qianjin (who was styled as Princess Dayi by
229:
209:
204:
165:
317:
this time, a daughter of Yang Xie (杨谐). Emperor also commissioned
1632:
1622:
394:
367:
360:
336:
140:
1658:
1617:
1592:
1577:
1414:
1094:
962:
322:
283:
214:
192:
1627:
1607:
1602:
1587:
1419:
1409:
1079:
911:
356:
344:
329:
303:
67:
666:
Emperor Yang of the Sui
Dynasty: His Life, Times, and Legacy
835:
598:
332:
to assume throne and claim title Bilge Khagan in 599/600.
1612:
536:
Zhu
Zhenhong, "Taohuashi and Tiankehan (Tangri Qaghan)",
282:in 597, requesting to marry to a Chinese princess.
275:with title of Tolis Qaghan, ruling eastern tribes.
263:His parentage is uncertain as he was either son of
1671:
498:, Chinese Social Sciences Press, Beijing, 1992,
238:
31:
617:Hacettepe University Journal of Turkish Studies
595:"Memorial Complex Eletmiš Yabgu (bilge atačim)"
328:Meanwhile Tulan was killed by his men causing
851:
590:
588:
286:saw this as opportunity and told him to kill
213:), personal name Ashina Rangan (阿史那染幹/阿史那染干,
23:First Khagan of the Eastern Turkic Khaganate
689:
858:
844:
585:
397:concubine or wife. He had several issues:
321:to build the city of Dali (大利, in modern
727:
494:薛宗正, 突厥史, 中国社会科学出版社, 北京 (Xue Zongzheng,
359:'s subsequent defeat in 603, he fled to
339:to command an army, in association with
335:In winter 601, Emperor Wen commissioned
1672:
818:Khagan of the Eastern Turkic Khaganate
228:
208:
839:
723:
721:
719:
662:
519:, University of Hawaii Press, 2005,
271:. He was a subordinate khagan under
239:
181:
32:
13:
716:
14:
1716:
1695:Ashina house of the Turkic Empire
760:History of the Northern Dynasties
451:(d. 552 AD)), the founder of the
443:is identified with Jamï Qağan on
230:[ʔɑʃi̯ə˥nɑ˩nʑi̯ɛm˥kɑn˩˥]
1475:Altyn Tamgan Tarhan inscription
732:. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.
683:
656:
639:
622:
433:
210:[kʰiei˥mi̯en˩kʰɑ˥ɣɑn˩˥]
619:Vol. 11 Issue 21, pp. 229-249.
605:
576:
567:
558:
545:
530:
509:
488:
309:In winter 599, he was created
251:) was the first qaghan of the
1:
1498:Battle of Gol-Zarriun/Bukhara
690:Ahmet., Taşağil (1995–2004).
663:Xiong, Victor Cunrui (2012).
481:
258:
1700:7th-century monarchs in Asia
865:
18:Yami Qaghan (disambiguation)
7:
1545:Tang Western Turk campaigns
10:
1721:
1535:Tang Eastern Turk campaign
1455:Turks in the Tang military
1135:Irbis Ishbara Yabgu Qaghan
740:
669:. SUNY Press. p. 39.
366:In spring 607, he went to
15:
1641:
1570:
1488:
1397:
1300:
1196:
1068:
972:
873:
824:
815:
807:
793:
439:This first qaghan of the
384:
278:He sent an ambassador to
243:, Töles qaγan) and later
233:), at one point known as
161:
151:
139:
127:Yìlì Zhēndòu Qǐmín Kěhàn
124:
117:
113:
101:
93:
83:
73:
63:
55:
41:
28:
1070:Western Turkic Khaganate
974:Eastern Turkic Khaganate
426:
350:
253:Eastern Turkic Khaganate
249:Yìlì Zhēndòu Qǐmín Kěhàn
49:Eastern Turkic Khaganate
1198:Second Turkic Khaganate
553:History of Central Asia
875:First Turkic Khaganate
728:Mau-tsai, Liu (1958).
541:朱振宏,「桃花石」與「天可汗」, 欧亚学研究
453:First Turkic Khaganate
393:(義成公主). He also had a
1465:Tonyukuk inscriptions
1450:Shoroon Bumbagar tomb
245:El Ïduk Jamï(r) Qağan
130:El Ïduk Jamï(r) Qağan
105:Princess Anyi (安义公主)
1503:Göktürk–Persian wars
1343:Mengchi Protectorate
1314:Kunling Protectorate
611:Ünal, Orçun. (2014)
247:(意利珍豆啟民可汗/意利珍豆启民可汗,
199:: Ch'i-min K'o-han,
16:For other uses, see
1649:Göktürk family tree
1440:Orkhon inscriptions
1430:Old Turkic language
1238:Kutluk Yabgu Khagan
506:/ K-49 (精), p. 265.
191:: 啓民可汗, 啟民可汗/启民可汗;
1680:6th-century births
1284:Qutluğ Säbäg Qatun
1100:Tong Yabghu Qaghan
1017:Ashina Jiesheshuai
613:"Extended Summary"
370:to pay a visit to
1705:Founding monarchs
1667:
1666:
1530:Göktürk civil war
1525:Goguryeo–Tang War
1470:Ongin inscription
1435:Old Turkic script
1373:Anxi Protectorate
834:
833:
825:Succeeded by
525:978-0-8248-2871-4
445:Ongin inscription
225:A-shih-na jan-kan
171:
170:
135:
134:
1712:
1562:Battle of Bolchu
1557:Li-Sun rebellion
1110:Sy Yabghu Khagan
860:
853:
846:
837:
836:
808:Preceded by
791:
790:
734:
733:
725:
714:
713:
687:
681:
680:
660:
654:
643:
637:
626:
620:
609:
603:
592:
583:
580:
574:
571:
565:
562:
556:
549:
543:
538:Eurasian History
534:
528:
513:
507:
492:
475:
437:
419:Chiji shad (叱吉設)
416:Yento shad (延陀設)
391:Princess Yicheng
315:Princess Yicheng
242:
241:
232:
212:
183:
115:
114:
107:Princess Yicheng
35:
34:
26:
25:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1690:Göktürk khagans
1670:
1669:
1668:
1663:
1637:
1566:
1490:
1484:
1398:Göktürk culture
1393:
1382:Tokhara Yabghus
1327:Ashina Yuanqing
1304:
1296:
1291:El Bilga Khatun
1213:Qapaghan Qaghan
1208:Ilterish Qaghan
1200:
1192:
1072:
1064:
976:
968:
877:
869:
864:
830:
821:
813:
803:
796:
743:
738:
737:
726:
717:
702:
688:
684:
677:
661:
657:
644:
640:
627:
623:
610:
606:
593:
586:
581:
577:
572:
568:
563:
559:
550:
546:
535:
531:
515:Zhenping Wang,
514:
510:
493:
489:
484:
479:
478:
438:
434:
429:
422:Börü shad (步利設)
387:
353:
261:
195:: Qǐmín Kěhàn,
128:
126:
88:
36:
30:
24:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1718:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1553:
1552:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1500:
1494:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1385:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1361:Ashina Huaidao
1358:
1356:Ashina Huseluo
1353:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1309:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1287:
1280:
1273:
1266:
1259:
1256:Ashina Duoxifu
1251:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1204:
1202:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1183:
1176:
1169:
1162:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1131:
1123:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1090:Heshana Qaghan
1087:
1082:
1076:
1074:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1062:
1059:Ashina Shibobi
1055:
1048:
1041:
1038:Ashina Nishufu
1034:
1027:
1020:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
980:
978:
970:
969:
967:
966:
959:
951:
950:
943:
940:Empress Ashina
936:
929:
924:
919:
917:Ishbara Qaghan
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
881:
879:
871:
870:
863:
862:
855:
848:
840:
832:
831:
826:
823:
814:
809:
805:
804:
797:
794:
789:
788:
772:Zizhi Tongjian
768:
756:
742:
739:
736:
735:
715:
700:
682:
675:
655:
647:Zizhi Tongjian
638:
630:Zizhi Tongjian
621:
604:
597:, Note 106 at
584:
575:
566:
557:
555:(2016), p 324.
544:
529:
508:
486:
485:
483:
480:
477:
476:
471:transcription
431:
430:
428:
425:
424:
423:
420:
417:
414:
409:
404:
386:
383:
352:
349:
319:Zhangsun Sheng
269:Ishbara Qaghan
260:
257:
240:𐱅𐰇𐰠𐰾𐰴𐰍𐰣
201:Middle Chinese
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
156:Ishbara Qaghan
153:
149:
148:
143:
137:
136:
133:
132:
122:
121:
111:
110:
103:
99:
98:
95:
91:
90:
87:Ashina Rangan
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
57:
53:
52:
39:
38:
22:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1717:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1487:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1445:Orkhon Valley
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1351:Ashina Buzhen
1349:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1303:
1302:Western Turks
1299:
1292:
1288:
1285:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1233:Tengri Qaghan
1231:
1229:
1228:Yollıg Khagan
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1177:
1174:
1170:
1167:
1163:
1160:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1128:El Kulug Shad
1125:
1124:
1121:
1120:Ishbara Tolis
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1052:Ashide Fengji
1049:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1031:Ashina She'er
1028:
1025:
1024:Ashina Funian
1021:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1004:Qilibi Qaghan
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
981:
979:
975:
971:
964:
960:
957:
953:
952:
948:
944:
941:
937:
934:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
907:Taspar Qaghan
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
887:
883:
882:
880:
876:
872:
868:
861:
856:
854:
849:
847:
842:
841:
838:
829:
820:
819:
812:
806:
802:
801:
792:
786:
782:
778:
774:
773:
769:
766:
762:
761:
757:
754:
750:
749:
745:
744:
731:
724:
722:
720:
711:
707:
703:
697:
693:
686:
678:
676:9780791482681
672:
668:
667:
659:
653:
649:
648:
642:
636:
632:
631:
625:
618:
614:
608:
602:
601:
596:
591:
589:
579:
570:
561:
554:
548:
542:
539:
533:
526:
522:
518:
512:
505:
504:7-5004-0432-8
501:
497:
491:
487:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
441:Eastern Turks
436:
432:
421:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
407:Chuluo Qaghan
405:
403:
400:
399:
398:
396:
392:
382:
379:
377:
373:
369:
364:
362:
358:
348:
346:
343:as to attack
342:
338:
333:
331:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
307:
305:
299:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
276:
274:
270:
266:
256:
254:
250:
246:
236:
231:
226:
223:
219:
218:Āshǐnà rǎngān
216:
211:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:𐰖𐰢𐰃:𐰴𐰍𐰣
179:
175:
167:
164:
160:
157:
154:
150:
147:
144:
142:
138:
131:
123:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
86:
82:
79:
76:
72:
69:
66:
62:
58:
54:
51:
50:
46:
40:
33:𐰖𐰢𐰃:𐰴𐰍𐰣
27:
19:
1654:Ashina tribe
1489:Göktürk wars
1322:Ashina Mishe
1243:Özmiş Khagan
1187:Ashina Tuizi
1180:Tardush Shad
1173:Ashina Duzhi
1115:Duolu Qaghan
1045:Ashide Wenfu
1009:Chebi Qaghan
999:Illig Qaghan
994:Chulo Qaghan
989:Shibi Qaghan
983:
956:Yangsu Tegin
927:Tulan Qaghan
922:Bagha Qaghan
912:Ashina Anluo
902:Muqan Qaghan
897:Issik Qaghan
892:Bumin Qaghan
828:Shibi Qaghan
816:
811:Tulan Qaghan
798:
795:Yami Qaghan
770:
758:
746:
729:
691:
685:
665:
658:
645:
641:
628:
624:
616:
607:
599:
578:
569:
560:
552:
547:
537:
532:
516:
511:
495:
490:
472:
464:
460:
435:
412:Illig Qaghan
402:Shibi Qaghan
388:
380:
372:Emperor Yang
365:
354:
334:
327:
311:Qimin Khagan
310:
308:
300:
288:Tulan Qaghan
277:
273:Tulan Qaghan
265:Bagha Qaghan
262:
248:
244:
235:Tolis Qaghan
234:
224:
217:
184:
173:
172:
129:
78:Shibi Qaghan
42:
29:Yami Khagan
1491:and battles
1460:Ülüş system
1388:Turk Shahis
1337:Ashina Zhen
1332:Ashina Xian
1307:Jimi system
1223:Bilgä Qaǧan
1218:Inel Qaghan
1148:Irbis Seguy
1105:Külüg Sibir
1085:Niri Qaghan
984:Yami Qaghan
886:Ashina Tuwu
800:Ashina Clan
748:Book of Sui
692:Gök-Türkler
600:Türik Bitig
469:Old Tibetan
449:Bumyn kagan
296:Sui dynasty
280:Sui dynasty
174:Yami Qaghan
119:Regnal name
64:Predecessor
1685:609 deaths
1674:Categories
1480:Qara bodun
1366:Ashina Xin
1248:Ashina Shi
1159:Bagha Shad
1143:Yukuk Shad
947:Apa Qaghan
701:975161113X
482:References
463:(< MC *
341:Qimin Khan
259:Background
222:Wade-Giles
197:Wade-Giles
185:Jаmï qağan
178:Old Turkic
1540:Xueyantuo
1390:(665–870)
1384:(625-758)
1270:Kul Tigin
1263:Kulun Beg
1201:(682–744)
1166:Böri Shad
1073:(581–657)
977:(581–630)
878:(552–581)
551:Baumer's
527:, p. 140.
496:Tujie Shi
125:意利珍豆啟民可汗
74:Successor
1550:Conquest
1425:Kurultai
1405:Tengrism
1277:Tonyukuk
867:Göktürks
822:603–609
710:33892575
652:vol. 175
205:Guangyun
166:Tengrism
162:Religion
1633:Elteber
1623:Tarkhan
765:vol. 99
753:vol. 84
741:Sources
633:, vol.
457:Chinese
395:Tuyuhun
368:Luoyang
361:Tuyuhun
337:Yang Su
237:(突利可汗,
189:Chinese
59:603–609
47:of the
1659:Ashide
1642:Family
1618:Khatun
1593:Yabghu
1578:Khagan
1571:Titles
1513:Second
1415:Otuken
1305:under
1153:Hallig
1095:Sheguy
963:Tamgan
933:Istämi
708:
698:
673:
523:
502:
467:) and
465:ʑia-ma
461:Shè-mó
385:Family
376:Su Wei
355:After
323:Hohhot
284:Pei Ju
215:pinyin
193:Pinyin
152:Father
146:Ashina
109:(義成公主)
102:Spouse
45:Khagan
43:First
1628:Ishad
1608:Tudun
1603:Boyla
1598:Bagha
1588:Tegin
1518:Third
1508:First
1420:Suyab
1410:Asena
1080:Tardu
775:vols
473:Zhama
427:Notes
357:Tardu
351:Reign
345:Tardu
330:Tardu
304:Tardu
141:House
89:阿史那染幹
68:Tardu
56:Reign
1583:Shad
706:OCLC
696:ISBN
671:ISBN
521:ISBN
500:ISBN
292:Zhou
94:Died
84:Born
37:啓民可汗
1613:Beg
785:181
781:180
777:179
635:178
459:射摩
290:'s
267:or
207:):
97:609
1676::
783:,
779:,
763:,
751:,
718:^
704:.
650:,
587:^
347:.
255:.
227:,
220:;
187:;
180::
1293:)
1289:(
1286:)
1282:(
1279:)
1275:(
1272:)
1268:(
1265:)
1261:(
1258:)
1254:(
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1185:(
1182:)
1178:(
1175:)
1171:(
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1133:(
1130:)
1126:(
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1057:(
1054:)
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1047:)
1043:(
1040:)
1036:(
1033:)
1029:(
1026:)
1022:(
1019:)
1015:(
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961:(
958:)
954:(
949:)
945:(
942:)
938:(
935:)
931:(
888:)
884:(
859:e
852:t
845:v
787:.
767:.
755:.
712:.
679:.
203:(
176:(
20:.
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