2240:
hand stud perfect, with the point and line visible, but with its left hand stud completely melted out, a hole only remaining. The bar was somewhat bent, and discoloured in every part. No. 2. A brass bar with a projecting cock at each end, forming a bed for the trial of yard-measures; discoloured. No. 3. A brass bar marked "Standard Yard, 1760," from which the left hand stud was completely melted out, and which in other respects was in the same condition as No. 1. No. 4. A yard-bed similar to No. 2; discoloured. ⌠It appears from this list that the bar adopted in the Act 5th Geo. IV., cap. 74, sect. 1, for the legal standard of one yard, (No. 3 of the preceding list), is so far injured, that it is impossible to ascertain from it, with the most moderate accuracy, the statutable length of one yard. ⌠We have therefore to report that it is absolutely necessary that steps be taken for the formation and legalizing of new
Standards of Length and Weight.
160:
2124:
by in the care of the clerk of the House of
Commons. For commercial purposes another bar was made, with the yard marked off from the same standard; but it had two upright fixed cheeks, placed exactly a yard asunder, between which any commercial yard measures might be placed, in order to have their accuracy tested: it was graduated into feet, one of the feet into inches, and one of the inches into ten parts. This standard was to be kept at the Exchequer. In 1760, a copy of Bird's standard, made two years before, was constructed.
3170:
1179:
1070:
computed and ascertained; and that all
Measures of Length shall be taken in Parts or Multiples, or certain Proportions of the said Standard Yard; and that One third Part of the said Standard Yard shall be a Foot, and the Twelfth Part of such Foot shall be an Inch; and that the Pole or Perch in Length shall contain Five such Yards and a Half, the Furlong Two hundred and twenty such Yards, and the Mile One thousand seven hundred and sixty such Yards.
215:
40:
1104:
at
Greenwich, and the New Palace at Westminster, commonly called the Houses of Parliament. The other 35 yard standards were distributed to the cities of London, Edinburgh, and Dublin, as well as the United States and other countries (although only the first five had official status). The imperial standard received by the United States is known as "Bronze Yard No. 11"
622:
sovereigns, and has been supposed to be founded upon the breadth of the chest of the Saxon race. The yard continued till the reign of Henry VII., when the ell was introduced, that being a yard and a quarter, or 45 inches. The ell was borrowed from the Paris drapers. Subsequently, however, Queen
Elizabeth re-introduced the yard as the English standard of measure.
1078:.. In 1838, a commission was formed to reconstruct the lost standards, including the troy pound, which had also been destroyed. In 1845, a new yard standard was constructed based on two previously existing standards known as A1 and A2, both of which had been made for the Ordnance Survey, and R.S. 46, the yard of the
1065:
hereby declared to be the original and genuine
Standard of that Measure of Length or lineal Extension called a Yard; and that the same Straight Line or Distance between the Centres of the said Two Points in the said Gold Studs in the said Brass Rod the Brass being at the Temperature of Sixty two Degrees by
2239:
We shall in the first place describe the state of the
Standards recovered from the ruins of the House of Commons, as ascertained in our inspection of them made on 1st June, 1838, at the Journal Office⌠No. 1. A brass bar marked "Standard Yard, 1758," which on examination was found to have its right
1255:
The yard, subdivided into eighths, is used for the purchase of fabrics in the United States and United
Kingdom and was previously used elsewhere. In the United States the term "fat quarter" is used for a piece of fabric which is half a yard in length cut from a roll and then cut again along the width
824:
According to Connor, cloth merchants had previously sold cloth by the yard and handful to evade high taxes on cloth (the extra handful being essentially a black-market transaction). Enforcement efforts resulted in cloth merchants switching over to the yard and inch, at which point the government gave
2123:
In 1758 the legislature turned attention to this subject; and after some investigations on the comparative lengths of the various standards, ordered a rod to be made of brass, about 38 or 39 inches long, and graduated from the Royal
Society's yard: this was marked "Standard Yard, 1758," and was laid
1103:
granted official recognition to the new standards. Between 1845 and 1855 forty yard standards were constructed, one of which was selected as the new
Imperial standard. Four others, known as 'parliamentary copies', were distributed to the Royal Mint, the Royal Society of London, the Royal Observatory
1268:
For purposes of measuring cloth, the early yard was divided by the binary method into two, four, eight and sixteen parts. The two most common divisions were the fourth and sixteenth parts. The quarter of a yard (9 inches) was known as the "quarter" without further qualification, while the sixteenth
1064:
One thousand eight hundred and twenty five the Straight Line or Distance between the Centres of the Two Points in the Gold Studs of the Straight Brass Rod now in the Custody of the Clerk of the House of Commons whereon the Words and Figures "Standard Yard 1760" are engraved shall be and the same is
1352:
existed only in their pre-1959 form and are thus not prefaced by the word "survey", and were deprecated at the same time as the survey foot. New conversion factors for the rod and furlong as 16.5 international feet and 660 international feet respectively have been published by NIST. However, it is
1069:
s Thermometer shall be and is hereby denominated the Imperial Standard Yard and shall be and is hereby declared to be the Unit or only Standard Measure of Extension, wherefrom or whereby all other Measures of Extension whatsoever, whether the same be lineal, superficial or solid, shall be derived,
1492:
Thanne drowe I me amonges draperes ¡ my donet to lerne / To drawe Þe lyser alonge Þe lenger it semed / Amonge Þe riche rayes ¡ I rendred a lessoun / To broche hem with a bat-nedle ¡ and plaited hem togyderes / And put hem in a presse ¡ and pyned hem
621:
The standard of measure has always been taken either from some part of the human body, such as a foot, the length of the arm, the span of the hand, or from other natural objects, such as a barleycorn, or other kind of grain. But the yard was the original standard adopted by the early English
3127:
Ancient Laws and Institutes of England; Comprising Laws enacted under the Anglo-Saxon Kings from Ăthelbirht to Cnut, With an English Translation of the Saxon; The Laws called Edward the Confessor's; The Laws of William the Conqueror, and those ascribed to Henry the First: Also, Monumenta
930:(2) and each and every of the same Devonshire kersies or dozens, so being raw, and as it cometh forth off the weaver's loom (without racking, stretching, straining or other device to encrease the length thereof) shall contain in length between fifteen and sixteen yards by the measure of
1499:
along ¡ the longer it seemed; /Among the rich ranged cloths ¡ rendered a lesson, / To pierce them with a pack-needle ¡ and plait them together, / Put them in a press ¡ and pin them therein / Till ten yards or twelve ¡ had tolled out to
1015:
of an inch, and an additional graduation for the Exchequer yard was made on the Royal Society's standard. In 1758 the legislature required the construction of a standard yard, which was made from the Royal Society's standard and was deposited with the clerk of the
1115:
c. 49) confirmed the status of the existing yard standard, mandated regular intercomparisons between the several yard standards, and authorized the construction of one additional Parliamentary Copy (made in 1879 and known as Parliamentary Copy VI).
1020:; it was divided into feet, one of the feet into inches, and one of the inches into tenths. A copy of it, but with upright cheeks between which other measuring rods could be placed, was made for the Exchequer for commercial use.
1124:
Subsequent measurements revealed that the yard standard and its copies were shrinking at the rate of one part per million every twenty years due to the gradual release of strain incurred during the fabrication process. The
967: in (0.25 mm) short of a yard, encased within a silver rod bearing the hallmark 1445. In the early 15th century, the Merchant Taylors Company was authorized to "make search" at the opening of the annual
2824:
1166:
in 1959 under an agreement in 1959 between Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States. In the UK, the provisions of the treaty were ratified by the
849:, and other Clothes which shall be made after the said Feast in Taunton, Bridgwater or in other Places of like Sort, shall contain at the Water in Length betwixt twelve and thirteen Yards,
2093:
Seventh annual report of the Warden of the Standards, on the proceedings and business of the standard weights and measures department of the Board of Trade, for 1872â73, Appendix III
2075:
Seventh annual report of the Warden of the Standards, on the proceedings and business of the standard weights and measures department of the Board of Trade, for 1872â73, Appendix III
971:. In the mid-18th century, Graham compared the standard yard of the Royal Society to other existing standards. These were a "long-disused" standard made in 1490 during the reign of
3814:
3222:
1510:
2540:
Weights and Measures Act 1985 Baily's Metal. Parliamentary Copy (VI) of the Imperial Standard Yard. 41 & 42 Victoria, Chapter 49. Standard Yard at 62° Faht. Cast in 1878
4335:
884:
as is aforesaid, and in Breadth one Yard at the least at the Water; and being well scowred, thicked, milled and fully dried, shall weigh xxiv. li. the Piece at the least.
1144:
c. 46) in conjunction with Order in Council 411 (1898) made this relationship official. After 1898, the de facto legal definition of the yard came to be accepted as
2281:(Report). London: George Edward Eyre and William Spottiswoode Printers of the queen's most excellent majesty for Her Majesty's Stationery officer. 1874. p. 184
1256:
so that it is only half the width of the roll, thus the same area as a piece of one quarter yard cut from the full width of the roll; these pieces are popular for
776:
by the right measure of this yard measured, to wit, the 36th part of this yard rightly measured maketh 1 inch neither more nor less and 5 yards and a half make a
3796:
857:
made after the said Feast in the said Towns or elsewhere of like Sorts, shall contain in the Water in Length betwixt three and twenty and five and twenty Yards,
2054:
The early history of the Guild of merchant taylors of the fraternity of St. John the Baptist, London: with notices of the lives of some of its eminent members
2156:
A series of metric tables: in which the British standard measures and weights are compared with those of the metric system at present in use on the continent
2013:
Catalogue of the special exhibition of works of art of the mediĂŚval, Renaissance, and more recent periods, on loan at the South Kensington museum, June 1862
3128:
Ecclesiastica Anglicana, From the Seventh to the Tenth Century; And the Ancient Latin Version of the Anglo-Saxon Laws. With a Compendious Glossary, &c.
1170:. The Imperial Standard Yard of 1855 was renamed the United Kingdom Primary Standard Yard and retained its official status as the national prototype yard.
1247:
for shorter distances in the United Kingdom, and are also frequently found in conversation between Britons much like in the United States for distance.
2016:. Printed by George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode, printers to the Queen's most excellent Majesty. For Her Majesty's Stationery Office. p. 452.
2278:
2256:
1736:
Report from the Select Committee on Weights and Measures; together with the Proceedings of the Committee, Minutes of Evidence, Appendix and Index
1750:
1260:. The term "fat eighth" is also used, for a piece of one quarter yard from half the roll width, the same area as one eighth cut from the roll.
2828:
2279:
Royal commission on scientific instruction and the advancement of science: Minutes of evidence, appendices, and analyses of evidence, Vol. II
1137:
3007:
William of Malmesbury's Chronicle of the Kings of England from the Earliest Period to the Reign of King Stephen with Notes and Illustrations
2550:
202:. The inexact monument was designed to permit rods of the correct measure to fit snugly into its pins at an ambient temperature of 62
3789:
3131:
707:
4340:
4304:
2561:
3204:
1540:
In the United Kingdom fabric may be sold by the yard if the equivalent metric measure is also given. Major shops sell by the meter.
1232:
respectively. These are sometimes referred to simply as "yards" when no ambiguity is possible, for example an American or Canadian
226:
formally adopted a metric standard. Bronze Yard No.11 was forged to be an exact copy of the British Imperial Standard Yard held by
223:
691:
dismisses William's account as "childish", but William was among the most conscientious and trustworthy medieval historians. The
2825:"On what basis is one inch exactly equal to 25.4 mm? Has the imperial inch been adjusted to give this exact fit and if so when?"
2227:
Report of the Commissioners appointed to consider the steps to be taken for restoration of the standards of weight & measure
924:] or dozens, according to a proclamation of the thirty-fourth year of the reign of our sovereign lady the Queen that now is.
3782:
2584:
2303:
Report of the Commissioners appointed to consider the steps to be taken for restoration of the standards of weight and measure.
944:
1336:
For survey purposes, certain pre-1959 units were retained, usually prefaced by the word "survey," among them the survey inch,
2969:
2948:
2782:
2524:
2354:
1277:, but was more commonly referred to simply as an eighth of a yard, while the half-yard (18 inches) was called "half a yard".
703:, and the English kings subsequently repeatedly intervened to impose shorter units with the aim of increasing tax revenue.
908:; and being well scoured thicked, milled, dressed and fully dried, shall weigh nineteen pounds the piece at the least:...
2382:
1448:
3056:, Boydell & Brewer Ltd. for Medieval Academy of America and Society for Early English & Norse Electronic Texts
825:
up and made the yard and inch official. In 1552, the yard and inch for cloth measurement was again sanctioned in law (
3032:
2659:
2630:
2604:
2033:
The livery companies of the city of London: their origin, character, development, and social and political importance
992:
861:
as is aforesaid, and in Breadth one Yard of like Measure; (3) and every such Cloth, both Broad and Narrow being well
785:
3758:
1183:
414:
387:
1040:
and John Warner in 1814 a committee of parliament proposed defining the standard yard based upon the length of a
613:, some suggest it originally derived from the girth of a person's waist, while others believe it originated as a
1522:
The following references are useful for identifying the authors of the preceding reference: Ref., Ref., and Ref.
1129:, on the other hand, was comparatively stable. A measurement made in 1895 determined the length of the meter at
2309:
2202:
1870:
55:
2647:
3805:
2214:
1186:, shorter distances (such as picnic area 150 yards ahead) are given in yards, with longer distances given in
1167:
1126:
1108:
1100:
1045:
789:
671:
267:
804:. c. 16) the sale of cloth by the "yard and handful" was abolished, and the "yard and inch" instituted (see
3197:
2572:
2485:
1695:
1162:
The yard (known as the "international yard" in the United States) was legally defined to be exactly 0.9144
282:
171:
1711:
1622:
3763:
2893:
1017:
3174:
2313:, vol. 77, no. February 1843 ⌠April 1843, Edinburgh: Ballantyne and Hughes, p. 228, 1843
445:"), a separate and usually longer unit of around 45 inches (1,100 mm). The use of the word âyardâ (
2429:
2007:
1079:
711:
4299:
3753:
1353:
not clear if a "survey yard" actually exists. If it did, its hypothetical values would be as follows:
648:
568:
1666:
4325:
3016:
2489:
2461:
2415:
2177:
2058:
880:, which shall be made after the said Feast shall contain being wet between seventeen and eighteen
4330:
3190:
2091:
2073:
1487:
995:
by the Exchequer in 1671. The Exchequer yard was taken as "true"; the variation was found to be +
446:
2774:
2698:
2479:
4192:
3629:
1037:
980:
888:
The yard and inch for cloth measurement was also sanctioned again in legislation of 1557â1558 (
270:
3122:
3107:
3096:
3069:
3005:
2991:
2980:
2798:
2712:
2675:
2443:
2300:
2137:
2037:
2011:
1990:
1948:
1916:
3828:
3241:
2027:
1969:
1590:
1075:
904:
mentioned in the said act shall contain in length in the water betwixt xvi. and xvii. yards,
666:
663:
similarly refer to and uphold the standard measures of his predecessors without naming them.
468:
22:
2749:
2618:
2516:
2346:
1671:
918:
An act for the reformation of sundry abuses in clothes, called Devonshire kerjies [
4268:
4218:
3645:
1616:
BS350:Part 1:1974 Conversion factors and tables Part 1. Basis of tables. Conversion factors
1495:
Translation: "Then tarried I amongst drapers ¡ my grammar to learn; /To draw the
1237:
1202:
1074:
In 1834, the primary Imperial yard standard was partially destroyed in a fire known as the
972:
889:
784:
In some early books, this act was appended to another statute of uncertain date titled the
719:
688:
471:
167:
159:
8:
4284:
4258:
4243:
3746:
3700:
3670:
3151:
2539:
2512:
Revolution in measurement: Western European weights and measures since the age of science
2506:
2342:
Revolution in measurement: Western European weights and measures since the age of science
2336:
2222:
2194:
1443:
862:
715:
660:
383:
2409:
2171:
2154:
2052:
1280:
Other units related to the yard, but not specific to cloth measurement: two yards are a
4294:
4289:
3741:
3731:
3153:
British Weights and Measures as Described in the Laws of England from Anglo-Saxon Times
2767:
2692:
1744:
676:
656:
640:
602:
227:
175:
64:
3291:
3246:
3028:
3021:
2965:
2944:
2806:
2778:
2655:
2626:
2600:
2520:
2350:
2210:
2031:
1337:
1198:
1194:
988:
733:
692:
391:
2911:
NIST Handbook 44 â 2012 Appendix C "General Tables of Units of Measurement" page C-5
3065:
3042:
3001:
2926:
2493:
2293:
1141:
1112:
1041:
968:
760:
compilation (1311) includes that statute with slightly different wording and adds:
460:
2510:
2340:
353:
4187:
4087:
3685:
3118:
2959:
2855:
2226:
2118:
The Penny magazine of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, Volume 9
2116:
1986:
1965:
1734:
1257:
838:
826:
632:
614:
3774:
2734:
1085:
The new standard was made of Baily's metal No. 4 consisting of 16 parts copper,
4263:
4223:
4092:
3715:
3690:
3650:
3583:
3542:
3492:
3213:
2218:
1233:
901:
873:
780:
that is 16 feet and a half measured by the aforesaid yard of our Lord the King.
696:
687:
that the length was bounded by the king's nose was added some centuries later.
684:
585:
561:
553:
395:
365:
263:
183:
164:
60:
394:
used it for a branch swayed by the wind. In addition to the yardland, Old and
4319:
4166:
4128:
4062:
3736:
3695:
3660:
3598:
3512:
3316:
3311:
3092:
2810:
2386:
2252:
2206:
2198:
1274:
1206:
1033:
1029:
597:
of 1.25 yd (1.14 m). This has led some to derive the yard of three
464:
402:
lengths of 15 feet (4.6 m) or 16.5 feet (5.0 m), used in computing
357:
349:
255:
219:
137:
2933:, Translated by Rachel Attwater & al., London: J.M. Dent & Sons
493:
related to the word âgardenâ and is not related to the unit of measurement.
4238:
4213:
4123:
4108:
4042:
3878:
3863:
3675:
3593:
3578:
3573:
3558:
3517:
3482:
3456:
3347:
3301:
3286:
3109:
The Statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1807â1865)
2173:
The statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1807â1865)
1383:
1320:
1312:
1054:
An Act for ascertaining and establishing Uniformity of Weights and Measures
877:
854:
777:
745:
598:
2910:
4253:
4233:
4113:
4047:
4021:
3980:
3916:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3710:
3665:
3588:
3563:
3497:
3487:
3436:
3362:
3352:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3266:
3261:
3256:
2867:
2121:. London: Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. pp. 221â2.
1285:
1270:
1225:
1099:
parts tin, and 1 part zinc. It was 38 inches long and 1 inch square. The
842:
769:
741:
700:
644:
576:
549:
537:
515:
511:
507:
486:
379:
330:
297:
274:
191:
187:
122:
3169:
2728:
2305:
Presented to both Houses of Parliament by Command of her Majesty, 1841."
2229:(Report). London: W. Clowes and Sons for Her Majesty's Stationery Office
1341:
1082:. All three had been compared to the Imperial standard before the fire.
679:(1100 - 1135), "the measure of his arm was applied to correct the false
4248:
4228:
4197:
4171:
4016:
3985:
3975:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3858:
3680:
3655:
3624:
3441:
3431:
3405:
3400:
3390:
3385:
3281:
1705:
1639:
1375:
1345:
1229:
1178:
913:
912:
As recently as 1593, the same principle is found mentioned once again (
846:
757:
680:
652:
545:
533:
428:
407:
319:
231:
203:
1721:
706:
The earliest surviving definition of this shorter unit appears in the
655:" should be observed throughout his realm. (Some manuscripts read "at
4143:
4067:
4026:
3603:
2189:
2187:
1453:
1244:
1193:
The yard is used as the standard unit of field-length measurement in
984:
801:
490:
399:
230:. Both are line standards: the yard was defined by the distance at 62
214:
853:
of the Rule, and in Breadth seven Quarters of a Yard: (2) And every
4138:
3970:
3608:
3522:
3477:
3426:
1496:
1493:Ăžerinne / Tyl ten Čerdes or twelue ¡ tolled out threttene
1049:
2449:. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). 2013.
2184:
2005:
4161:
3868:
3705:
3296:
3182:
1379:
1349:
1316:
943:
One of the oldest yard-rods in existence is the clothyard of the
866:
812:
There shall be but one Measure of Cloth through the Realm by the
601:
from pacing; others from the ell or cubit; and still others from
482:
361:
311:
207:
588:
579:
454:
339:
333:
4057:
4000:
3507:
3461:
3395:
3276:
1281:
1240:" or "1.5 yards", where cubic yards are obviously referred to.
1221:
1119:
869:
and fully dried, shall weigh xxxiv. li. the Piece at the least.
345:
259:
179:
75:
4118:
3995:
3568:
3451:
3410:
2468:. Vol. 66. London: The Law Journal Reports. p. 109.
2271:
1781:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1369:
1163:
564:
286:
151:
2993:
Transactions of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors
2856:
NIST Guide to the SI â section B.6 U.S. survey foot and mile
683:
of the traders and enjoined on all throughout England." The
639:
963), which survives in several variant manuscripts. In it,
39:
4052:
3990:
3911:
3873:
3833:
3502:
3446:
3357:
3306:
3251:
3236:
1273:. The eighth of a yard (4.5 inches) was sometimes called a
1217:
1210:
1187:
773:
765:
749:
737:
403:
290:
278:
235:
218:
Bronze Yard No.11, the official standard of length for the
199:
195:
127:
2705:
2668:
1596:. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
1591:"Recommended Unit Symbols, SI Prefixes, and Abbreviations"
1513:
were eventually accepted as such with the passage of time.
631:
The earliest record of a prototype measure is the statute
4133:
2363:
1834:
1832:
1437:
1284:, a quarter of a yard (when not referring to cloth) is a
976:
920:
805:
594:
442:
315:
3049:[The Piers Plowman Electronic Archive, Vol. 9:
2982:
Report from the Select Committee on Weights and Measures
2721:
2193:
2751:
A treatise on mental arithmetic, in theory and practice
2453:
2245:
2089:
2071:
1888:
1844:
1817:
1618:. British Standards Institution. 1974. pp. 5, 100.
1571:
728:. Its wording varies in surviving accounts. One reads:
141:
2152:
2135:
1984:
1963:
1909:
1829:
1683:
1650:
1648:
1404:
1400:
1396:
506:
The origin of the yard measure is uncertain. Both the
3130:, London: Commissioners of the Public Records of the
2317:
2026:
1930:
1928:
1876:
1769:
1243:
Yards are also used and are the legal requirement on
1805:
1793:
748:, and 40 perches in length and 4 in breadth make an
4336:
Customary units of measurement in the United States
2894:"U.S. Survey Foot: Revised Unit Conversion Factors"
2851:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2505:
2259:(Report). London: Moyes and Barclay. pp. 23â24
2176:. His Majesty's statute and law printers. pp.
1645:
1559:
1136:inches relative to the imperial standard yard. The
3071:Die gesetze der Angelsachsen: Text und Ăźbersetzung
3020:
2766:
1995:. Vol. 6. Printed by J. Bentham. p. 444.
1925:
1757:
3804:
2730:Instructions for cutting out apparel for the poor
2717:. Encyclopedia Americana Corp. 1920. p. 165.
2251:
1974:. Vol. 6. Printed by J. Bentham. p. 96.
1331:â defined 1869, implemented 1893, deprecated 2023
4317:
2842:
2096:. Vol. 38. House of Commons. p. 25,26.
1999:
744:, 3 feet make 1 yard, 5 yards and a half make a
3047:The vision of William concerning Piers Plowman
2496:(Doc. 59-5442, Filed, June 30, 1959, 8:45 a.m.)
2481:Refinement of values for the yard and the pound
1044:. This idea was examined but not approved. The
459:) to describe this length is first attested in
352:. It is first attested in the late 7th century
289:. A distance of 1,760 yards is equal to 1
242:installed in recesses near each end of the bar.
44:Two yardsticks, used for measuring "yard goods"
3112:, His Majesty's statute and law printers, 1824
2872:National Institute of Standards and Technology
2690:
2652:Playful Petals: Learn Simple, Fusible AppliquĂŠ
2499:
2083:
2065:
1391:Comparing international yards and survey yards
1308:1 (international) yard = 0.9144 meters (exact)
398:both used their forms of "yard" to denote the
3790:
3198:
2791:
2407:
2169:
2078:. Vol. 38. House of Commons. p. 34.
1946:
1138:Weights and Measures (Metric System) Act 1897
894:An act touching the making of woolen clothes.
2943:, American Society for Quality Measurement,
2769:A dictionary of weights, measures, and units
2764:
2747:
1250:
1120:Definition of the yard in terms of the meter
772:and no more, and a foot ought to contain 12
413:A unit of three English feet is attested in
360:, where the "yard of land" mentioned is the
3045:(1377) , Burrow, John; et al. (eds.),
2401:
2163:
2146:
2020:
1473:
831:An Act for the true making of Woolen Cloth.
708:Act on the Composition of Yards and Perches
474:rods held by the king and his magistrates (
432:
3797:
3783:
3205:
3191:
3064:
2684:
2515:. American Philosophical Society. p.
2478:A. V. Astin & H. Arnold Karo, (1959),
2345:. American Philosophical Society. p.
1787:
1749:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
983:and still in use at the time, held at the
38:
2758:
2741:
2329:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2044:
3106:
3091:
3041:
2925:
2462:"Statutes of the Realm â 60â61 Victoria"
2129:
1894:
1850:
1689:
1677:
1305:1250 (international) yards = 1143 meters
1177:
636:
213:
158:
3086:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1921
3023:The Government of England under Henry I
2938:
1862:
1565:
1023:
768:yard of our Lord the King containeth 3
489:. This second meaning of âyardâ has an
406:, a distance now usually known as the "
4318:
3149:
3117:
2989:
2957:
2369:
2323:
2142:. Dodd, Mead and company. p. 405.
2114:
2101:
1934:
1882:
1838:
1823:
1775:
1763:
1654:
1509:Although not originally statutes, the
987:; a brass yard and a brass ell at the
957: in (16 mm) in diameter and
947:. It consists of a hexagonal iron rod
945:Worshipful Company of Merchant Taylors
617:. One official British report writes:
3778:
3186:
3015:
3000:
2978:
2931:The Book Concerning Piers the Plowman
2805:. Hearst Magazines: 248. March 1959.
2645:
2573:Association Football pitch dimensions
2472:
2335:
2050:
1869:Claudius D2, cited and translated in
1811:
1799:
1577:
1340:, and survey mile, also known as the
1269:of a yard (2.25 inches) was called a
938:
872:XV. And that all Clothes named Check-
788:. The act was not repealed until the
659:and at Winchester".) The statutes of
467:. The usage seems to derive from the
3815:Comparison with imperial unit system
2773:. Oxford University Press. pp.
2616:
2459:
2432:. Norwich Instrument Services. 2012.
2036:. S. Sonnenschein & co. p.
1680:, Ch. 5:ll, lines 211â216.
991:; and a brass yard presented to the
699:" was supposed to have derived from
285:standardized as exactly 0.9144
3223:Comparison with US customary system
3079:
2961:The Weights and Measures of England
2733:. Sold by J. Walter. 1789. p.
2139:The New international encyclopaedia
1717:
1701:
1635:
1531:Whose report was referenced in Ref.
1209:dimensions, and in some countries,
626:
13:
3212:
2654:. C&T Publishing. p. 23.
2562:Canadian Football Pitch dimensions
2551:American Football pitch dimensions
1866:
1236:may be marked with a capacity of "
820:, according to the London Measure.
714:tentatively dated to the reign of
14:
4352:
4305:Footâpoundâsecond system of units
3162:
2765:Donald Fenna (October 26, 2002).
2599:, London: The Stationery Office,
2595:Driving Standards Agency (1999),
1216:There are corresponding units of
786:Statute for the Measuring of Land
675:records that during the reign of
438:
4341:Human-based units of measurement
3168:
2090:Warden of the Standards (1873).
2072:Warden of the Standards (1873).
1060:From and after the First Day of
969:St. Bartholomew's Day Cloth Fair
795:
388:messengers from John the Baptist
234:between two fine lines drawn on
222:between 1855 and 1892, when the
2919:
2904:
2886:
2860:
2817:
2639:
2610:
2589:
2578:
2566:
2555:
2544:
2533:
2436:
2422:
2375:
2153:Charles Hutton Dowling (1872).
2136:Herbert Treadwell Wade (1905).
1978:
1968:(1763). Danby Pickering (ed.).
1957:
1940:
1900:
1856:
1727:
1534:
1525:
1516:
1503:
1481:
1356:3937 survey yards = 3600 meters
1263:
975:, and a brass yard and a brass
3759:Footâpoundâsecond system (FPS)
3150:Watson, Charles Moore (1910),
3027:, Cambridge University Press,
2051:Clode, Charles Mathew (1888).
1660:
1608:
1583:
1466:
1291:
1173:
900:IX. Item, That every ordinary
764:And be it remembered that the
1:
3806:United States customary units
3173:The dictionary definition of
2625:. Krause Publications Craft.
2159:. Lockwood. pp. xiiâiii.
1547:
1511:statutes of an uncertain date
1168:Weights and Measures Act 1963
1127:international prototype meter
1109:Weights and Measures Act 1878
1101:Weights and Measures Act 1855
1046:Weights and Measures Act 1824
790:Weights and Measures Act 1824
722:
672:Deeds of the Kings of England
611:etymology of the other "yard"
427:), but there it is called an
416:
126: 36
2829:National Physical Laboratory
2486:National Bureau of Standards
2257:Memoir of Francis Baily, Esq
2006:Robinson, Sir John Charles;
1552:
1323:= 1760 (international) yards
837:XIV. And that all and every
606:
514:used multiples of a shorter
281:. Since 1959 it has been by
7:
3764:Twenty-foot equivalent unit
3081:Oxford English Dictionary,
1953:. Vol. 2. p. 442.
1947:Owen Ruffhead, ed. (1763).
1478:describes it as "branched".
1431:
575:, which developed into the
475:
424:
382:. Around the same time the
10:
4357:
4198:Kilopounds per square inch
3010:, London: Bell & Daldy
2714:The Encyclopedia Americana
2444:"The Gauge Block Handbook"
2008:Victoria and Albert museum
1251:Textiles and fat quarters
1080:Royal Astronomical Society
712:statutes of uncertain date
651:that "the measure held at
496:
485:of âyardâ in the sense of
309:
20:
4300:English Engineering Units
4277:
4206:
4180:
4154:
4101:
4080:
4035:
4009:
3963:
3932:
3925:
3889:
3821:
3812:
3754:English Engineering units
3724:
3638:
3617:
3551:
3535:
3470:
3419:
3378:
3371:
3325:
3229:
3220:
1739:. London. August 4, 1862.
1420:1 (international) mile =
1410:1 (international) yard =
979:from 1588 in the time of
736:dry and round do make an
633:II Edgar Cap. 8
610:
567:or arm's-length has been
501:
364:, an old English unit of
344:etc., which was used for
300:is very slightly longer.
182:, in the 19th century: 1
133:
111:
107:
89:
81:
71:
54:
49:
37:
32:
4207:Other units and measures
3639:Other units and measures
3123:"The Laws of King Edgar"
2990:Fowler, W., ed. (1884),
2619:"What are Fat Quarters?"
2585:Cricket pitch dimensions
2490:National Geodetic Survey
2460:Mews, John, ed. (1897).
2430:"History of Calibration"
2383:"NIST museum collection"
2115:Knight, Charles (1840).
1459:
1399:(international) yards =
487:an enclosed area of land
3051:The B-Version Archetype
2979:Ewart, William (1862),
2939:Bennett, Keith (2004),
2691:Charles Arnold (1850).
2466:The Law journal reports
1491:
589:
580:
455:
450:
340:
334:
305:
283:international agreement
4193:Pounds per square inch
3630:Pounds per square inch
2964:, HMSO, p. xxiv,
2941:The Metrology Handbook
2408:Great Britain (1878).
2170:Great Britain (1824).
1474:
1472:The later Latin gloss
1258:patchwork and quilting
1213:fairway measurements.
1190:
1072:
936:
910:
890:4 & 5 Ph. & M.
886:
882:Yards, with the Inches
822:
782:
754:
732:It is ordained that 3
624:
557:
541:
433:
271:systems of measurement
243:
211:
115:Imperial/US units
3829:Thousandth of an inch
3242:Thousandth of an inch
3156:, London: John Murray
2958:Connor, R.D. (1987),
2748:Isaiah Steen (1846).
2677:The statutes at large
2646:Yoder, Corey (2014).
2028:William Carew Hazlitt
1992:The statutes at large
1971:The statutes at large
1950:The statutes at large
1906:5 Geo. 4. c. 74, §24.
1181:
1076:Burning of Parliament
1058:
993:Clock-Makers' Company
928:
898:
835:
810:
762:
730:
667:William of Malmesbury
619:
481:The word âyardâ is a
217:
168:measurement standards
162:
23:Yard (disambiguation)
4269:Ton of refrigeration
4219:British thermal unit
3646:British thermal unit
3101:, London: M. Baskett
2694:The boy's arithmetic
2680:. 1763. p. 631.
2648:"Fat Eighth Bundles"
2623:Fat Quarter Quilting
2337:Zupko, Ronald Edward
2310:The Edinburgh Review
2098:(pp 364,365 of book)
2057:. Harrison. p.
1921:. 1763. p. 594.
1417:survey yards (exact)
1203:association football
1024:19th-century Britain
689:Charles Moore Watson
262:in both the British
163:The informal public
21:For other uses, see
4285:American wire gauge
4259:Pound-foot (torque)
4244:Foot-pound (energy)
3060:(in Middle English)
2799:"Popular Mechanics"
2507:Ronald Edward Zupko
1580:, pp. 112â113.
1444:3 ft gauge railways
1427:survey miles(exact)
1386:= 1760 survey yards
1319:= 80 international
841:and Clothes called
740:, 12 inches make 1
384:Lindisfarne Gospels
224:Treasury Department
102:... is equal to ...
50:General information
4295:Body jewelry sizes
4290:Avoirdupois system
3732:Avoirdupois system
2900:. January 4, 2023.
2868:"U.S. Survey Foot"
2617:Penn, Sue (2006).
2372:, p. 264â266.
2207:Herschel, J. F. W.
1790:, p. 204â206.
1440:, the yard of Asia
1315:= 8 international
1311:1 (international)
1298:international yard
1191:
1032:investigations by
939:Physical standards
800:In a law of 1439 (
641:Edgar the Peaceful
635:(AD 959
244:
212:
148:
135:
119:
113:
4313:
4312:
4076:
4075:
3772:
3771:
3531:
3530:
3098:Statutes at Large
3066:Liebermann, Felix
3043:Langland, William
3002:Giles, John Allen
2971:978-0-11-290435-9
2950:978-0-87389-620-7
2927:Langland, William
2803:Popular Mechanics
2784:978-0-19-860522-5
2526:978-0-87169-186-6
2492:web site and the
2488:, republished on
2484:, Washington DC:
2411:Statutes at large
2356:978-0-87169-186-6
2253:J. F. W. Herschel
2211:Lefevre, J. G. S.
2203:Bethune, J. E. D.
1918:Statutes at Large
1826:, pp. 36â39.
1788:Liebermann (1903)
1142:60 & 61 Vict.
1113:41 & 42 Vict.
1056:stipulates that:
816:, and not by the
814:Yard and the Inch
605:'s arm standard (
392:Gospel of Matthew
329:derives from the
273:equalling 3
172:Royal Observatory
157:
156:
90:Conversions
4348:
3930:
3929:
3799:
3792:
3785:
3776:
3775:
3376:
3375:
3207:
3200:
3193:
3184:
3183:
3172:
3157:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3137:(in Old English)
3134:
3119:Thorpe, Benjamin
3113:
3102:
3087:
3075:
3061:
3057:
3037:
3026:
3017:Green, Judith A.
3011:
2996:
2985:
2974:
2953:
2934:
2913:
2908:
2902:
2901:
2890:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2864:
2858:
2853:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2821:
2815:
2814:
2795:
2789:
2788:
2772:
2762:
2756:
2755:
2745:
2739:
2738:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2672:
2666:
2665:
2643:
2637:
2636:
2614:
2608:
2597:The Highway Code
2593:
2587:
2582:
2576:
2570:
2564:
2559:
2553:
2548:
2542:
2537:
2531:
2530:
2503:
2497:
2494:Federal Register
2476:
2470:
2469:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2394:
2389:on March 3, 2016
2385:. Archived from
2379:
2373:
2367:
2361:
2360:
2333:
2327:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2275:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2236:
2234:
2191:
2182:
2181:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2133:
2127:
2126:
2112:
2099:
2097:
2087:
2081:
2080:(pp 374 of book)
2079:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2024:
2018:
2017:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1987:Pickering, Danby
1982:
1976:
1975:
1966:Pickering, Danby
1961:
1955:
1954:
1944:
1938:
1932:
1923:
1922:
1913:
1907:
1904:
1898:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1874:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1854:
1848:
1842:
1836:
1827:
1821:
1815:
1809:
1803:
1797:
1791:
1785:
1779:
1773:
1767:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1748:
1740:
1731:
1725:
1715:
1709:
1699:
1693:
1687:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1643:
1633:
1620:
1619:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1595:
1587:
1581:
1575:
1569:
1563:
1541:
1538:
1532:
1529:
1523:
1520:
1514:
1507:
1501:
1485:
1479:
1477:
1470:
1426:
1425:
1416:
1415:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1368:
1367:
1364:
1359:1 survey yard â
1329:pre-1959 US yard
1158:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1148:
1135:
1134:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1042:seconds pendulum
1018:House of Commons
1014:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1003:
999:
966:
965:
961:
956:
955:
951:
827:5 & 6 Edw. 6
818:Yard and Handful
734:grains of barley
727:
724:
638:
627:From ell to yard
609:). Based on the
592:
583:
531:
530:
526:
523:
461:William Langland
458:
440:
436:
421:
418:
377:
376:
372:
343:
337:
149:
136:
120:
114:
42:
30:
29:
4356:
4355:
4351:
4350:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4345:
4326:Units of length
4316:
4315:
4314:
4309:
4278:Related systems
4273:
4202:
4188:Inch of mercury
4176:
4150:
4097:
4088:Feet per second
4072:
4031:
4005:
3959:
3921:
3885:
3817:
3808:
3803:
3773:
3768:
3725:Related systems
3720:
3686:Horsepower-hour
3634:
3613:
3547:
3527:
3466:
3415:
3367:
3321:
3225:
3216:
3211:
3165:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3059:
3035:
2972:
2951:
2922:
2917:
2916:
2909:
2905:
2892:
2891:
2887:
2877:
2875:
2874:. July 26, 2019
2866:
2865:
2861:
2854:
2843:
2833:
2831:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2785:
2763:
2759:
2746:
2742:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2689:
2685:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2662:
2644:
2640:
2633:
2615:
2611:
2594:
2590:
2583:
2579:
2571:
2567:
2560:
2556:
2549:
2545:
2538:
2534:
2527:
2504:
2500:
2477:
2473:
2458:
2454:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2428:
2427:
2423:
2406:
2402:
2392:
2390:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2368:
2364:
2357:
2334:
2330:
2322:
2318:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2284:
2282:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2262:
2260:
2250:
2246:
2232:
2230:
2223:Sheepshanks, R.
2192:
2185:
2168:
2164:
2151:
2147:
2134:
2130:
2113:
2102:
2088:
2084:
2070:
2066:
2049:
2045:
2025:
2021:
2004:
2000:
1985:Great Britain;
1983:
1979:
1964:Great Britain;
1962:
1958:
1945:
1941:
1933:
1926:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1905:
1901:
1895:Statutes (1824)
1893:
1889:
1881:
1877:
1861:
1857:
1851:Ruffhead (1765)
1849:
1845:
1841:, p. xxiv.
1837:
1830:
1822:
1818:
1810:
1806:
1798:
1794:
1786:
1782:
1774:
1770:
1762:
1758:
1742:
1741:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1716:
1712:
1700:
1696:
1690:Attwater (1957)
1688:
1684:
1678:Langland (1377)
1676:
1672:
1665:
1661:
1653:
1646:
1634:
1623:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1599:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1576:
1572:
1564:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1535:
1530:
1526:
1521:
1517:
1508:
1504:
1486:
1482:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1434:
1423:
1421:
1413:
1411:
1403:survey yards =
1365:
1362:
1360:
1300:(defined 1959):
1294:
1266:
1253:
1176:
1153:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1132:
1130:
1122:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1071:
1026:
1011:
1007:
1006:
1001:
997:
996:
981:Queen Elizabeth
963:
959:
958:
953:
949:
948:
941:
934:by the rule,...
843:Taunton Clothes
798:
725:
629:
528:
524:
521:
519:
504:
499:
419:
386:account of the
374:
370:
369:
323:
308:
170:erected at the
147:
134:
125:
118:
112:
45:
26:
19:
12:
11:
5:
4354:
4344:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4331:Imperial units
4328:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4281:
4279:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4266:
4264:Spinning count
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4224:Degree (angle)
4221:
4216:
4210:
4208:
4204:
4203:
4201:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4184:
4182:
4178:
4177:
4175:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4158:
4156:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4148:
4147:
4146:
4141:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4105:
4103:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4095:
4093:Miles per hour
4090:
4084:
4082:
4078:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4039:
4037:
4033:
4032:
4030:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3967:
3965:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3936:
3934:
3927:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3893:
3891:
3887:
3886:
3884:
3883:
3882:
3881:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3825:
3823:
3819:
3818:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3802:
3801:
3794:
3787:
3779:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3750:
3749:
3744:
3734:
3728:
3726:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3716:Spinning count
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3642:
3640:
3636:
3635:
3633:
3632:
3627:
3621:
3619:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3555:
3553:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3543:Miles per hour
3539:
3537:
3533:
3532:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3474:
3472:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3423:
3421:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3382:
3380:
3373:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3329:
3327:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3292:Gunter's chain
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3233:
3231:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3218:
3217:
3214:Imperial units
3210:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3187:
3181:
3180:
3164:
3163:External links
3161:
3160:
3159:
3147:
3115:
3104:
3095:, ed. (1765),
3093:Ruffhead, Owen
3089:
3077:
3074:, Max Niemeyer
3062:
3039:
3033:
3013:
3004:, ed. (1866),
2998:
2987:
2976:
2970:
2955:
2949:
2936:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2914:
2903:
2885:
2859:
2841:
2816:
2790:
2783:
2757:
2740:
2720:
2704:
2683:
2667:
2660:
2638:
2631:
2609:
2588:
2577:
2565:
2554:
2543:
2532:
2525:
2498:
2471:
2452:
2435:
2421:
2400:
2374:
2362:
2355:
2328:
2326:, p. 261.
2316:
2292:
2270:
2244:
2215:Lubbock, J. W.
2183:
2162:
2145:
2128:
2100:
2082:
2064:
2043:
2019:
1998:
1977:
1956:
1939:
1924:
1908:
1899:
1897:, p. 349.
1887:
1885:, p. 276.
1875:
1855:
1853:, p. 421.
1843:
1828:
1816:
1814:, p. 106.
1804:
1802:, p. 445.
1792:
1780:
1778:, p. 113.
1768:
1756:
1726:
1710:
1694:
1682:
1670:
1659:
1644:
1621:
1607:
1582:
1570:
1566:Bennett (2004)
1557:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1533:
1524:
1515:
1502:
1488:Middle English
1480:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1428:
1418:
1408:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1372:
1357:
1354:
1333:
1332:
1325:
1324:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1293:
1290:
1265:
1262:
1252:
1249:
1234:concrete mixer
1175:
1172:
1121:
1118:
1059:
1038:Hyde Wollaston
1025:
1022:
940:
937:
797:
794:
661:William I
628:
625:
586:Middle English
562:Proto-Germanic
503:
500:
498:
495:
447:Middle English
396:Middle English
366:tax assessment
350:measuring rods
307:
304:
298:US survey yard
240:(closeup, top)
155:
154:
145:
131:
130:
116:
109:
108:
105:
104:
99:
92:
91:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
58:
52:
51:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
18:Unit of length
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4353:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4276:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4205:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4185:
4183:
4179:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4159:
4157:
4153:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4136:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4129:Hundredweight
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4104:
4100:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4085:
4083:
4079:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4034:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4008:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3962:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3931:
3928:
3924:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3880:
3877:
3876:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3811:
3807:
3800:
3795:
3793:
3788:
3786:
3781:
3780:
3777:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3738:
3737:English units
3735:
3733:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3723:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3696:Pound (force)
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3637:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3616:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3599:Hundredweight
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3550:
3544:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3534:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3493:Fluid Scruple
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3475:
3473:
3469:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3418:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3377:
3374:
3370:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3324:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3312:Nautical mile
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3219:
3215:
3208:
3203:
3201:
3196:
3194:
3189:
3188:
3185:
3179:at Wiktionary
3178:
3177:
3171:
3167:
3166:
3155:
3154:
3148:
3133:
3129:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3099:
3094:
3090:
3085:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3072:
3067:
3063:
3055:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3034:0-521-37586-X
3030:
3025:
3024:
3018:
3014:
3009:
3008:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2994:
2988:
2984:
2983:
2977:
2973:
2967:
2963:
2962:
2956:
2952:
2946:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2923:
2912:
2907:
2899:
2895:
2889:
2873:
2869:
2863:
2857:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2830:
2826:
2820:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2794:
2786:
2780:
2776:
2771:
2770:
2761:
2753:
2752:
2744:
2736:
2732:
2731:
2724:
2716:
2715:
2708:
2700:
2696:
2695:
2687:
2679:
2678:
2671:
2663:
2661:9781607057987
2657:
2653:
2649:
2642:
2634:
2632:9780896891715
2628:
2624:
2620:
2613:
2606:
2605:0-11-551977-7
2602:
2598:
2592:
2586:
2581:
2574:
2569:
2563:
2558:
2552:
2547:
2541:
2536:
2528:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2502:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2482:
2475:
2467:
2463:
2456:
2445:
2439:
2431:
2425:
2417:
2413:
2412:
2404:
2388:
2384:
2378:
2371:
2366:
2358:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2332:
2325:
2320:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2304:
2296:
2280:
2274:
2258:
2254:
2248:
2241:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2190:
2188:
2179:
2175:
2174:
2166:
2158:
2157:
2149:
2141:
2140:
2132:
2125:
2120:
2119:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2095:
2094:
2086:
2077:
2076:
2068:
2060:
2056:
2055:
2047:
2039:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2023:
2015:
2014:
2009:
2002:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1981:
1973:
1972:
1967:
1960:
1952:
1951:
1943:
1936:
1935:Connor (1987)
1931:
1929:
1920:
1919:
1912:
1903:
1896:
1891:
1884:
1883:Fowler (1884)
1879:
1872:
1859:
1852:
1847:
1840:
1839:Connor (1987)
1835:
1833:
1825:
1824:Watson (1910)
1820:
1813:
1808:
1801:
1796:
1789:
1784:
1777:
1776:Thorpe (1840)
1772:
1765:
1764:Thorpe (1840)
1760:
1752:
1746:
1738:
1737:
1730:
1723:
1719:
1714:
1707:
1703:
1698:
1692:, p. 38.
1691:
1686:
1679:
1674:
1668:
1663:
1657:, p. 63.
1656:
1655:Thorpe (1840)
1651:
1649:
1641:
1637:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1617:
1611:
1592:
1586:
1579:
1574:
1567:
1562:
1558:
1537:
1528:
1519:
1512:
1506:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1476:
1475:virgata terre
1469:
1465:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1419:
1409:
1395:
1394:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1371:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1289:
1287:
1283:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1261:
1259:
1248:
1246:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1207:cricket pitch
1204:
1200:
1196:
1189:
1185:
1184:UK road signs
1180:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1143:
1139:
1128:
1117:
1114:
1110:
1105:
1102:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1068:
1063:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1034:John Playfair
1031:
1030:Royal Society
1021:
1019:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
946:
935:
933:
932:yard and inch
927:
925:
922:
919:
915:
909:
907:
906:yard and inch
903:
897:
895:
891:
885:
883:
879:
875:
870:
868:
864:
860:
859:Yard and Inch
856:
852:
851:Yard and Inch
848:
844:
840:
834:
832:
828:
821:
819:
815:
809:
807:
803:
796:Yard and inch
793:
791:
787:
781:
779:
775:
771:
767:
761:
759:
753:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
729:
721:
717:
716:Edward I
713:
710:, one of the
709:
704:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
673:
668:
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
643:directed the
642:
634:
623:
618:
616:
615:cubic measure
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
593:, and modern
591:
587:
582:
578:
574:
570:
569:reconstructed
566:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
544:) and 3
543:
539:
535:
517:
513:
509:
494:
492:
488:
484:
479:
477:
473:
470:
466:
465:Piers Plowman
462:
457:
452:
448:
444:
435:
430:
426:
422:
415:a statute of
411:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
367:
363:
359:
358:Ine of Wessex
355:
351:
348:, staves and
347:
342:
336:
332:
328:
321:
317:
313:
303:
301:
299:
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
220:United States
216:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
166:
161:
153:
146:
143:
139:
132:
129:
124:
117:
110:
106:
103:
100:
98:
94:
93:
88:
84:
80:
77:
74:
70:
66:
62:
59:
57:
53:
48:
41:
36:
31:
28:
24:
16:
4239:Foot-lambert
4214:Bolt (cloth)
3853:
3676:Foot-poundal
3594:Long hundred
3574:Pound (mass)
3498:Fluid Drachm
3457:Trade gallon
3271:
3175:
3152:
3145:(in English)
3143: &
3139: &
3126:
3108:
3097:
3084:
3083:1st ed.
3080:
3070:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3022:
3006:
2992:
2981:
2960:
2940:
2930:
2920:Bibliography
2906:
2897:
2888:
2876:. Retrieved
2871:
2862:
2832:. Retrieved
2819:
2802:
2793:
2768:
2760:
2754:. p. 9.
2750:
2743:
2729:
2723:
2713:
2707:
2693:
2686:
2676:
2670:
2651:
2641:
2622:
2612:
2596:
2591:
2580:
2568:
2557:
2546:
2535:
2511:
2501:
2480:
2474:
2465:
2455:
2438:
2424:
2410:
2403:
2391:. Retrieved
2387:the original
2377:
2365:
2341:
2331:
2319:
2308:
2302:
2301:"Art. VIII.â
2295:
2283:. Retrieved
2273:
2261:. Retrieved
2247:
2238:
2231:. Retrieved
2172:
2165:
2155:
2148:
2138:
2131:
2122:
2117:
2092:
2085:
2074:
2067:
2053:
2046:
2032:
2022:
2012:
2001:
1991:
1980:
1970:
1959:
1949:
1942:
1917:
1911:
1902:
1890:
1878:
1858:
1846:
1819:
1812:Green (1986)
1807:
1795:
1783:
1771:
1759:
1735:
1729:
1713:
1697:
1685:
1673:
1667:Matthew 11:7
1662:
1615:
1610:
1598:. Retrieved
1585:
1578:Ewart (1862)
1573:
1568:, p. 8.
1561:
1536:
1527:
1518:
1505:
1483:
1468:
1342:statute mile
1328:
1313:statute mile
1297:
1279:
1267:
1264:Equivalences
1254:
1242:
1215:
1192:
1161:
1159:of a meter.
1123:
1106:
1084:
1073:
1066:
1061:
1053:
1027:
942:
931:
929:
923:
917:
911:
905:
899:
893:
887:
881:
871:
858:
855:narrow Cloth
850:
836:
830:
823:
817:
813:
811:
799:
783:
763:
755:
731:
705:
670:
665:
630:
620:
603:Henry I
599:English feet
572:
505:
480:
412:
326:
324:
302:
295:
256:English unit
251:
247:
245:
239:
206:(16.66
150:0.9144
101:
96:
72:Unit of
27:
15:
4234:Foot-candle
4167:Pound-force
3981:Fluid ounce
3917:Square mile
3907:Square yard
3902:Square foot
3897:Square inch
3666:Foot-candle
3437:Fluid ounce
3363:Square mile
3343:Square yard
3338:Square foot
3333:Square inch
2607:, pp. 74â75
2414:. pp.
2393:January 22,
2370:Connor 1987
2324:Connor 1987
2195:Airy, G. B.
1376:survey mile
1338:survey foot
1292:Conversions
1226:square yard
1174:Current use
1067:Fahrenheit'
926:par. III.)
865:, thicked,
847:Bridgwaters
839:Broad Cloth
726: 1300
701:Charlemagne
697:king's foot
645:Witenagemot
577:Old English
463:'s poem on
420: 1300
331:Old English
277:or 36
67: units
56:Unit system
4320:Categories
4249:Horsepower
4229:Fahrenheit
4017:Board foot
3976:Tablespoon
3955:Cubic mile
3950:Cubic yard
3945:Cubic foot
3940:Cubic inch
3742:Winchester
3701:Pound-foot
3681:Horsepower
3671:Foot-pound
3656:Fahrenheit
3432:Tablespoon
3406:Cubic mile
3401:Cubic yard
3391:Cubic foot
3386:Cubic inch
3247:Barleycorn
3141:(in Latin)
2878:January 2,
2834:January 7,
2697:. p.
2219:G. Peacock
1800:Giles 1866
1718:OED (1921)
1702:OED (1921)
1636:OED (1921)
1548:References
1245:road signs
1230:cubic yard
1028:Following
914:35 Eliz. 1
896:par. IX.)
758:Liber Horn
653:Winchester
546:Welsh feet
540:" (Latin:
534:Roman feet
325:The term,
310:See also:
228:Parliament
95:1 yd
4068:Acre-foot
4027:Face cord
3747:Exchequer
3604:Ship load
2811:0032-4558
2285:April 20,
2263:April 20,
2233:April 20,
2199:Baily, F.
1745:cite book
1722:gird, v.1
1706:yard, n.1
1640:yard, n.2
1553:Citations
1500:thirteen.
1454:Yardstick
1052:. c. 74)
989:Guildhall
985:Exchequer
973:Henry VII
802:18 Hen. 6
607:see below
491:etymology
476:see below
469:prototype
425:see below
400:surveying
368:equal to
268:customary
250:(symbol:
176:Greenwich
4181:Pressure
3971:Teaspoon
3618:Pressure
3523:Hogshead
3478:Chaldron
3427:Teaspoon
3121:(1840),
3068:(1903),
3019:(1986),
2929:(1957),
2509:(1990).
2339:(1990).
2255:(1845).
2225:(1841).
2030:(1892).
2010:(1863).
1989:(1763).
1871:Ruffhead
1600:April 7,
1497:selvedge
1432:See also
1380:furlongs
1317:furlongs
1199:Canadian
1195:American
1050:5 Geo. 4
916:. c. 10
829:. c. 6.
685:folktale
510:and the
472:standard
362:yardland
346:branches
312:yardland
264:imperial
254:) is an
198:, and 3
186:yard, 2
165:imperial
61:imperial
4162:Poundal
3964:Cooking
3933:Derived
3879:statute
3869:Furlong
3706:Poundal
3691:Kenning
3661:Rankine
3584:Quarter
3420:Cooking
3379:Derived
3297:Furlong
3132:Kingdom
1865:Cotton
1405:457,200
1401:499,999
1397:500,000
1350:furlong
1238:9 yards
1149:⁄
1094:⁄
1010:⁄
1000:⁄
962:⁄
952:⁄
878:Straits
863:scowred
677:Henry I
649:Andover
560:). The
548:was a "
536:was a "
527:⁄
497:History
483:homonym
441: "
390:in the
373:⁄
266:and US
184:British
144:) units
121:3
4063:Barrel
4058:Bushel
4001:Gallon
3926:Volume
3822:Length
3651:Degree
3564:Drachm
3513:Barrel
3508:Bushel
3462:Gallon
3396:Hoppus
3372:Volume
3317:League
3277:Fathom
3230:Length
3031:
2968:
2947:
2809:
2781:
2658:
2629:
2603:
2523:
2353:
1407:meters
1384:chains
1370:meters
1344:. The
1321:chains
1282:fathom
1275:finger
1224:, the
1222:volume
1152:39.370
1131:39.370
902:kersie
892:c. 5.
874:Kersie
867:milled
774:inches
693:French
657:London
542:gradus
532:
518:, but
508:Romans
502:Origin
378:
318:, and
279:inches
260:length
238:plugs
200:inches
196:inches
180:London
138:Metric
97:in ...
82:Symbol
76:Length
4155:Force
4144:Short
4124:Pound
4119:Ounce
4109:Grain
4081:Speed
4043:Minim
4036:Other
3996:Quart
3864:Chain
3579:Stone
3569:Ounce
3559:Grain
3536:Speed
3518:Stuck
3483:Minim
3471:Other
3452:Quart
3411:Tmcft
3348:Perch
3302:Cable
3287:Chain
3053:]
2447:(PDF)
2418:â341.
2180:â354.
1594:(PDF)
1460:Notes
1422:0.999
1412:0.999
1382:= 80
1361:0.914
1188:miles
1164:meter
778:perch
746:perch
573:alinĂ´
565:cubit
554:Welsh
512:Welsh
456:Čerde
404:acres
287:meter
4254:Perm
4139:Long
4114:Dram
4102:Mass
4053:Peck
4048:Gill
4022:Cord
4010:Wood
3991:Pint
3912:Acre
3890:Area
3874:Mile
3854:Yard
3849:Foot
3844:Link
3839:Hand
3834:Inch
3711:Span
3589:Slug
3552:Mass
3503:Peck
3488:Gill
3447:Pint
3358:Acre
3353:Rood
3326:Area
3307:Mile
3272:Yard
3267:Foot
3262:Link
3257:Hand
3252:Inch
3237:Twip
3176:yard
3029:ISBN
2966:ISBN
2945:ISBN
2898:NIST
2880:2023
2836:2012
2807:ISSN
2779:ISBN
2777:â1.
2656:ISBN
2627:ISBN
2601:ISBN
2521:ISBN
2395:2012
2351:ISBN
2287:2020
2265:2020
2235:2020
1751:link
1602:2021
1449:Vara
1378:= 8
1348:and
1286:span
1271:nail
1228:and
1220:and
1218:area
1211:golf
1201:and
1107:The
1005:to â
876:and
770:feet
766:iron
756:The
750:acre
742:foot
738:inch
590:elne
571:as *
550:pace
538:step
516:foot
451:Čerd
439:lit.
434:ulna
380:hide
354:laws
341:gyrd
335:gerd
327:yard
306:Name
296:The
291:mile
275:feet
248:yard
246:The
236:gold
194:, 6
192:foot
190:, 1
188:feet
33:Yard
4172:Kip
4134:Ton
3986:Cup
3859:Rod
3625:Ksi
3609:Ton
3442:Cup
3282:Rod
2775:130
2517:432
2416:308
2347:183
2178:339
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2038:280
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