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introduction of rice. It is quite likely that rice cultivation and its subsequent deification allowed for a slow and gradual population increase. Regardless, there is archaeological evidence that supports the idea that there was an influx of farmers from the continent to Japan that absorbed or overwhelmed the native hunter-gatherer population.
1355:, a partly mythical, partly historical account of Japan which dates the foundation of the country at 660 BC. Archaeological evidence also suggests that frequent conflicts between settlements or statelets broke out in the period. Many excavated settlements were moated or built at the tops of hills. Headless human skeletons discovered in
1060:
and other bodily markings which indicated differences in social status. Yayoi chiefs, in some parts of Kyūshū, appear to have sponsored, and politically manipulated, trade in bronze and other prestige objects. That was made possible by the introduction of an irrigated, wet-rice agriculture from the
1219:
Some pieces of Yayoi pottery clearly show the influence of Jōmon ceramics. In addition, the Yayoi lived in the same type of pit or circular dwelling as that of the Jōmon. Other examples of commonality are chipped stone tools for hunting, bone tools for fishing, shells in bracelet construction, and
1003:
evidence, from organic samples attached to pottery shards, may suggest a date up to 500 years earlier, between ca. 1000 BC and 800 BC. During this period, Japan largely transitioned to a more settled, agricultural society, adopting methods of farming and crop production that were introduced to the
1239:
farmers at some time between 700 and 300 BC. Whitman and
Miyamoto associate Japonic as the language family of both Mumun and Yayoi cultures. Several linguists believe that speakers of Koreanic/proto-Koreanic arrived in the Korean Peninsula at some time after the Japonic/proto-Japonic speakers and
1080:
Direct comparisons between Jōmon and Yayoi skeletons show that the two peoples are noticeably distinguishable. The Jōmon tended to be shorter, with relatively longer forearms and lower legs, more deep-set eyes, shorter and wider faces, and much more pronounced facial topography. They also have
1215:
However, some scholars argue that the rapid increase of roughly four million people in Japan between the Jōmon and Yayoi periods cannot be explained by migration alone. They attribute the increase primarily to a shift from a hunter-gatherer to an agricultural diet on the islands, with the
2232:
Unlike Jomon pottery, Yayoi pottery was very similar to contemporary South Korean pottery in shape. Many other elements of the new Yayoi culture were unmistakably Korean and previously foreign to Japan, including bronze objects, weaving, glass beads, and styles of tools and
1135:
and China arrived in this area at various times over several centuries, and later spread to the south and east. This was a period of mixture between immigrants and the indigenous population, and between new cultural influences and existing practices.
1186:
has cited archaeological evidence that included "bounded paddy fields, new types of polished stone tools, wooden farming implements, iron tools, weaving technology, ceramic storage jars, exterior bonding of clay coils in pottery fabrication,
1191:, domesticated pigs, and jawbone rituals". The migrant transfusion from the Korean peninsula gains strength because Yayoi culture began on the north coast of Kyūshū, where Japan is closest to Korea. Yayoi pottery, burial mounds, and
1081:
strikingly raised brow ridges, noses, and nose bridges. Yayoi people, on the other hand, averaged 2.5–5 cm (0.98–1.97 in) taller, with shallow-set eyes, high and narrow faces, and flat brow ridges and noses. By the
1378:
today), and built earthen-grave mounds. They also maintained vassal-master relations, collected taxes, had provincial granaries and markets, and observed mourning. Society was characterised by violent struggles.
1126:
has long been debated. The earliest archaeological sites are
Itazuke or Nabata in the northern part of Kyūshū. Contacts between fishing communities on this coast and the southern coast of Korea date from the
1181:
Further links to the Korean
Peninsula have been discovered, and several researchers have reported discoveries/evidence that strongly link the Yayoi culture to the southern part of the Korean Peninsula.
1240:
coexisted with these peoples (i.e. the descendants of both the Mumun and Yayoi cultures) and possibly assimilated them. Both
Koreanic and Japonic had prolonged influence on each other and a later
961:. Archaeological evidence supports the idea that during this time, an influx of farmers (Yayoi people) from the Korean Peninsula to Japan overwhelmed and mixed with the native predominantly
1349:
Early
Chinese historians described Wo as a land of hundreds of scattered tribal communities rather than the unified land with a 700-year tradition as laid out in the 8th-century work
1831:
1235:. According to him and several other researchers, Japonic/proto-Japonic arrived in the Korean peninsula around 1500 BC and was brought to the Japanese archipelago by Yayoi
1011:
The earliest archaeological evidence of the Yayoi Period is found on northern Kyūshū, though that is still debated. Yayoi culture quickly spread to the main island of
911:
should be reclassified as Early Yayoi. The date of the beginning of this transition is controversial, with estimates ranging from the 10th to the 3rd centuries BC.
2260:... there are strong indications that the neighbouring Baekje state (in the southwest) was predominantly Japonic-speaking until it was linguistically Koreanized.
926:
first uncovered artifacts and features from that era in the late 19th century. Distinguishing characteristics of the Yayoi period include the appearance of new
1993:
1231:. Similarly Whitman suggests that the Yayoi are not related to the proto-Koreans but that they (the Yayoi) were present on the Korean peninsula during the
1056:
and the storage of grain. Such factors promoted the development of distinct social classes. Contemporary
Chinese sources described the people as having
1147:, as well as irrigated paddy rice cultivation. Three major symbols of Yayoi culture are the bronze mirror, the bronze sword, and the royal seal stone.
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have been suggested. Recent archaeological research in
Makimuku suggests that Yamataikoku was located in the area. Some scholars assume that the
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2008:
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Serafim, Leon A. (2008), "The uses of
Ryukyuan in understanding Japanese language history", in Frellesvig, Bjarke; Whitman, John (eds.),
273:
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1940:
2060:
547:
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Shoda, Shin'ya (2010). "Radiocarbon and
Archaeology in Japan and Korea: What has Changed Because of the Yayoi Dating Controversy?".
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For many years, the location of
Yamataikoku and the identity of Queen Himiko have been subject of research. Two possible sites,
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in the 5th century. The seal itself was discovered in northern Kyūshū in the 18th century. Wo was also mentioned in 257 in the
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According to several linguists, Japonic or proto-Japonic was present on large parts of the southern Korean peninsula. These
619:
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1052:, lived in permanent farming villages, and constructed buildings with wood and stone. They also accumulated wealth through
1425:. Her younger brother was in charge of the affairs of state, including diplomatic relations with the Chinese court of the
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The Yayoi period is, generally, accepted to date from circa 300 BC to 300 AD. However, although highly controversial,
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in the 3rd century. According to the record, Himiko assumed the throne of Wa, as a spiritual leader, after a
1338:
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period, as witnessed by the exchange of trade items such as fishhooks and obsidian. During the Yayoi period,
714:
2745:
Vovin, Alexander (2013), "From Koguryo to Tamna: Slowly riding to the South with speakers of Proto-Korean",
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Vovin, Alexander (2013). "From Koguryo to Tamna: Slowly riding to the South with speakers of Proto-Korean".
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1429:. When asked about their origins by the Wei embassy, the people of Wa claimed to be descendants of the
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are of the Yayoi type with some having small Jōmon admixture, resembling those of modern-day Japanese.
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The Yayoi followed the Jōmon period and Yayoi culture flourished in a geographic area from southern
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2005:
1902:"Eastern Japanese Pottery During the Jomon-Yayoi Transition: A Study in Forager-Farmer Interaction"
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Since the 1980s, scholars have argued that a period previously classified as a transition from the
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styles, improved carpentry and architecture, and the start of an intensive rice agriculture in
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As the Yayoi population increased, the society became more stratified and complex. They wove
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657:
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81:
2686:"Archaeological Explanation for the Diffusion Theory of the Japonic and Koreanic Language"
2354:"Northeast Asian Linguistic Ecology and the Advent of Rice Agriculture in Korea and Japan"
2254:
Janhunen, Juha (2010). "Reconstructing the Language Map of Prehistorical Northeast Asia".
2212:
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The Archaeology of Japan: From the Earliest Rice Farming Villages to the Rise of the State
8:
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1692:
Hays, J. (n.d.). Yayoi people, life, and culture (400 B.C.-A.D. 300). Facts and Details.
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2161:"Yayoi linked to Yangtze area: DNA tests reveal similarities to early wet-rice farmers"
1973:
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1617:. Yuriko Yobuko, Rebecca M. Davis (1st ed.). New York: J. Weatherhill. p. 8.
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are regarded as typical examples of finds from the period. In the coastal area of the
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988:
779:
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377:
339:
217:
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1923:
1310:, the pronunciation of an early Chinese name for Japan, was mentioned in 57 AD; the
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2012:
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province and found many similarities between the Yayoi and the Jiangsu remains.
1150:
Between 1996 and 1999, a team led by Satoshi Yamaguchi, a researcher at Japan's
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908:
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93:
19:
This article is about the Yayoi period in Japanese history. For other uses, see
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was introduced to and spread through the archipelago during the Yayoi period.
4148:
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1205:
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structure dates from this period and has its origin in China. Techniques in
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59:
4123:
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3068:
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lived on raw fish, vegetables, and rice served on bamboo and wooden trays,
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1976:
Chiefly Exchange Between Kyushu and Okinawa, Japan, in the Yayoi Period.
1663:
1501:
1434:
1414:
1351:
1319:
1086:
1041:), mirrors, and weapons. By the 1st century AD, Yayoi people began using
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923:
542:
148:
3145:
1671:
1647:
1612:
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3333:
3235:
3183:
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2728:
The role of contact in the origins of the Japanese and Korean languages
2623:
2592:"In Pursuit of Himiko. Postwar Archaeology and the Location of Yamatai"
2591:
2522:
1521:
1438:
1307:
1287:
1202:
939:
897:
614:
597:
344:
293:
179:
1468:
in Makimuku was the tomb of Himiko. Its relation to the origin of the
1413:), which is part of the Records of the three Kingdoms, first mentions
4058:
3361:
3205:
3195:
1343:
1195:
were discovered to be very similar to the pottery of southern Korea.
889:
640:
360:
334:
2607:
2103:
Kidder, J. Edward Jr. (1993). "The earliest societies in Japan". In
1832:"The Yayoi Period: Analyzing its Culture Through Agricultural Tools"
1387:
1174:
1144:
1037:
1012:
958:
1236:
1118:
Northern Kyushu is the part of Japan closest to the Asian mainland.
1049:
977:
950:
were also introduced from China via Korea to Japan in this period.
901:
4052:
1128:
1016:
4064:
3991:
3986:
2872:
2533:
1426:
1163:
1057:
1028:
1024:
1139:
Chinese influence was obvious in the bronze and copper weapons,
4074:
3996:
3973:
3958:
3913:
3247:
2145:(in Japanese). National Science Museum of Japan. Archived from
1418:
1311:
1283:
1114:
1032:
1031:
previously used in Jōmon pottery. Yayoi craft specialists made
943:
319:
2868:
Article "Japanese Roots Surprisingly Shallow" from Japan Times
2862:
Comprehensive Database of Archaeological Site Reports in Japan
2540:
Comprehensive Database of Archaeological Site Reports in Japan
1694:
https://factsanddetails.com/japan/cat16/sub105/entry-5285.html
1085:, almost all skeletons excavated in Japan except those of the
4048:
3898:
3894:
2903:
2766:
Vovin, Alexander (2017), "Origins of the Japanese Language",
1886:
1862:
1860:
1430:
1303:
1066:
1020:
919:
893:
2311:
2309:
1302:
The earliest written records about people in Japan are from
2864:, Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties
1363:, stone arrowheads are often found among funerary objects.
1265:
1244:
diminished the internal variety of both language families.
1042:
1023:, where pottery of the Yayoi period was first found. Yayoi
947:
53:
27:
1857:
2829:, Department of Asian Art, The Metropolitan Museum of Art
2406:
2306:
2282:
1869:
Prehistoric Japan: New Perspectives on Insular East Asia
1019:
culture. The name Yayoi is borrowed from a location in
2394:
2646:
Koguryo, the Language of Japan's Continental Relatives
2294:
2182:
Ruins of Identity Ethnogenesis in the Japanese Islands
2804:
A Brief History of Chinese and Japanese Civilizations
2321:
1483:
1227:
languages, now extinct, were eventually replaced by
2418:
58:Yayoi jar, 1st-3rd century, excavated in Kugahara,
1567:
1557:Bulletin of the Society for East Asian Archaeology
1553:"A Comment on the Yayoi Period Dating Controversy"
1027:was simply decorated and produced, using the same
2333:
2109:Cambridge History of Japan, vol. 1: Ancient Japan
1258:Most linguists and archaeologists agree that the
16:Japanese historical period from 200 BCE to 300 CE
4146:
1796:(2). Cambridge University Press (CUP): 421–427.
1366:Third-century Chinese sources reported that the
1220:lacquer decoration for vessels and accessories.
2111:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 48–107.
1757:
1755:
879:
2179:
1590:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 35–36.
868:
2888:
2858:by Richard Hooker on the Yayoi and the Jōmon.
2207:
2049:
1097:
843:
2844:Japanese History Online (under construction)
2467:, Chinese texts and its Japanese translation
1752:
1162:prefectures with those from China's coastal
2801:
2768:Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics
2031:. University of the Ryukyus. Archived from
1990:Earlier Start for Japanese Rice Cultivation
1899:
2895:
2881:
2534:Karako-kagi Archaeological Museum (2007).
2203:
2201:
1851:Historical Dictionary of Japanese Business
1282:said to have been granted to the "King of
1154:, compared Yayoi remains found in Japan's
850:
836:
2810:
2775:
2377:
2015:, Information technology Promotion Agency
1945:The Encyclopedia of World Cultures CD-ROM
1883:"Annual Report on Research Activity 2004"
1871:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 13.
1585:
2730:, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press,
2683:
2640:
2400:
2315:
2288:
2253:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1386:
1273:
1197:
1168:
1113:
987:
976:
3168:Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)
2703:
2589:
2476:
2351:
2327:
2300:
2198:
2055:
1254:Classification of the Japonic languages
992:Reconstructed Yayoi-style dwellings at
900:, and towards its end crossed into the
4180:4th-century disestablishments in Japan
4175:4th-century BC establishments in Japan
4147:
2777:10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.277
2102:
1761:
1645:
1314:of Wo received a golden seal from the
1208:excavated in Tsubai-otsukayama kofun,
2876:
2806:. Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
2765:
2744:
2722:
2571:最古級の奈良・桜井“３兄弟古墳”、形状ほぼ判明 卑弥呼の時代に相次いで築造
2424:
2412:
2339:
2143:"Long Journey to Prehistorical Japan"
1787:
1610:
1550:
1539:
1152:National Museum of Nature and Science
4170:Archaeological cultures of East Asia
2815:. New York: Oxford University Press.
2706:Proto-Japanese: Issues and Prospects
2662:
1938:
1781:
1573:
1342:compiled by the 3rd-century scholar
1122:The origin of Yayoi culture and the
2813:The Oxford Companion to Archaeology
1866:
1648:"Ancient Japan's Korean Connection"
13:
3344:2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami
2902:
2795:
2708:, John Benjamins, pp. 79–99,
2669:, Cambridge, MA: Cambridge Press,
2265:
2247:
1848:
14:
4191:
3211:Imperial Constitution (1890–1947)
2820:
1992:, Dennis Normile, Science, 2003 (
1906:Kokugakuin Tochigi Junior College
1762:Keally, Charles T. (2006-06-03).
1706:"Yayoi Period (300 BCE – 250 CE)"
1322:. This event was recorded in the
4129:
4128:
4117:
2477:Huffman, James L. (2010-02-04).
1486:
1045:agricultural tools and weapons.
52:
2583:
2580:, Sankei Shimbun, March 6, 2008
2564:
2552:
2527:
2508:
2497:
2470:
2451:
2430:
2345:
2238:
2173:
2153:
2135:
2126:
2096:
2087:
2018:
1999:
1983:
1967:
1932:
1916:
1893:
1875:
1842:
1824:
1296:King of Na of Wo in Han Dynasty
3697:Agriculture, forestry, fishing
2811:Silberman, Neil Asher (2012).
2693:Japanese Journal of Archeology
2634:
1853:. Scarecrow Press. p. 13.
1734:
1716:
1698:
1686:
1646:Farris, William Wayne (1996).
1639:
1604:
1579:
1382:
1372:clapped their hands in worship
1110:Genetic history of East Asians
914:The period is named after the
1:
2071:(6 June 1998). Archived from
1532:
1339:Records of the Three Kingdoms
2802:Schirokauer, Conrad (2013).
2352:Whitman, John (2011-12-01).
2184:. University Hawai'i Press.
1746:Pitt Rivers Museum Body Arts
1247:
1133:cultural features from Korea
7:
3285:1923 Great Kantō earthquake
3231:Abolition of the han system
2770:, Oxford University Press,
2561:, Nikkei Net, March 6, 2008
2483:. Oxford University Press.
1614:The art of Japanese joinery
1479:
1437:, a historic figure of the
972:
880:
10:
4196:
1306:sources from this period.
1294:in 57 AD. It is inscribed
1251:
1107:
1101:
1098:Origin of the Yayoi people
1092:
1004:country (initially in the
25:
18:
4112:
3880:
3758:
3749:
3692:
3683:
3618:
3495:
3491:
3482:
3395:
3386:
3354:
3297:Japan during World War II
3267:
3176:
3114:Mongol invasions of Japan
3089:
3014:
2941:
2932:
2914:
2379:10.1007/s12284-011-9080-0
2244:Mizoguchi (2013), p. 119.
1810:10.1017/s0033822200045471
1410:
1374:(something still done in
869:
398:Invasion of Taiwan (1895)
373:Invasion of Taiwan (1874)
4165:Ancient peoples of Japan
3571:House of Representatives
3367:2019 imperial transition
3339:Great Hanshin earthquake
3307:Second Sino-Japanese War
3280:Japan during World War I
2684:Miyamoto, Kazuo (2016),
2642:Beckwith, Christopher I.
2590:Edwards, Walter (1996).
2132:Mizoguchi (2013), p. 53.
2093:Mizoguchi (2013), p. 54.
1586:Mizoguchi, Koji (2013).
1270:in Chinese history texts
896:, continued through the
610:Great Hanshin earthquake
528:Second Sino-Japanese War
26:Not to be confused with
3254:First Sino-Japanese War
2559:古墳２タイプ、同時に出現か・奈良の古墳群で判明
2517:, Chinese texts of the
2180:Mark J. Hudson (1999).
1939:Lock, Margaret (1998).
1611:Seike, Kiyoshi (1977).
1260:Japonic language family
456:Intervention in Siberia
383:First Sino-Japanese War
3722:Science and technology
3161:Council of Five Elders
3156:Azuchi–Momoyama period
2666:Ancient Jomon of Japan
2480:Japan in World History
1730:. Columbia University.
1551:Shōda, Shinya (2007).
1476:is also under debate.
1398:
1299:
1292:Emperor Guangwu of Han
1212:
1178:
1119:
996:
985:
790:Science and technology
538:Attack on Pearl Harbor
461:Great Kantō earthquake
403:Colonization of Taiwan
330:Convention of Kanagawa
170:Former Nine Years' War
113:1000 BC – 300 AD
99:14,000 – 1000 BC
21:Yayoi (disambiguation)
3667:Deputy Prime Minister
3052:Asuka Kiyomihara Code
2759:10.1075/kl.15.2.03vov
2440:. Fukuoka City Museum
1980:64(245) 912–22, 1990.
1849:Picken, Stuart D. B.
1390:
1325:Book of the Later Han
1277:
1201:
1172:
1117:
1015:, mixing with native
991:
980:
503:Invasion of Manchuria
428:Colonization of Korea
388:Treaty of Shimonoseki
127:300 AD – 538 AD
3576:House of Councillors
3470:World Heritage Sites
2663:Habu, Junko (2004),
2438:"Gold Seal (Kin-in)"
2415:, pp. 222, 237.
1955:on December 13, 2012
1768:Japanese Archaeology
1664:10.1353/ks.1996.0015
1494:Ancient Japan portal
1233:Mumun pottery period
1177:bell, 3rd century AD
1065:estuary in southern
1008:region) from Korea.
942:based on the use of
888:started in the late
800:World Heritage Sites
513:February 26 incident
418:Treaty of Portsmouth
279:Battle of Sekigahara
175:Later Three-Year War
3593:Self-Defense Forces
2596:Monumenta Nipponica
2370:2011Rice....4..149W
1974:Pearson, Richard J.
1802:2010Radcb..52..421S
1770:. Charles T. Keally
1336:, a section of the
1189:ditched settlements
625:Imperial transition
563:Occupation of Japan
553:Soviet–Japanese War
518:Anti-Comintern Pact
393:Triple Intervention
3727:Telecommunications
3259:Russo-Japanese War
3189:Tokugawa shogunate
3139:Nanboku-chō period
3134:Ashikaga shogunate
3107:Kamakura shogunate
2849:2020-09-23 at the
2838:2016-03-03 at the
2747:Korean Linguistics
2724:Unger, J. Marshall
2576:2008-03-08 at the
2536:"ヤマト王権はいかにして始まったか"
2463:2010-10-16 at the
2273:Korean Linguistics
2011:2007-12-23 at the
1728:Asia for Educators
1724:"Timelines: Japan"
1399:
1300:
1229:Koreanic languages
1225:Peninsular Japonic
1213:
1179:
1120:
1035:ceremonial bells (
997:
986:
690:Capital punishment
666:2019–present
583:Asset price bubble
558:Surrender of Japan
423:Japan–Korea Treaty
413:Russo-Japanese War
368:Ryūkyū Disposition
310:Invasion of Ryukyu
305:Tokugawa shogunate
241:Nanboku-chō period
4142:
4141:
4108:
4107:
3857:Sexual minorities
3745:
3744:
3679:
3678:
3675:
3674:
3588:Political parties
3527:Foreign relations
3478:
3477:
3382:
3381:
3372:COVID-19 pandemic
3241:Satsuma Rebellion
3226:Meiji Restoration
3124:Kenmu Restoration
2984:Foreign relations
2787:978-0-19-938465-5
2737:978-0-8248-3279-7
2715:978-90-272-4809-1
2676:978-0-521-77670-7
2655:978-90-04-13949-7
2490:978-0-19-970974-8
2318:, pp. 69–70.
2291:, pp. 27–28.
2256:Studia Orientalia
2217:Discover Magazine
2169:. March 19, 1999.
2149:on 21 April 2015.
2118:978-0-521-22352-2
2065:Discover Magazine
1900:Seiji Kobayashi.
1838:. 16 August 2012.
1597:978-0-521-88490-7
1512:Japanese era name
1472:in the following
1193:food preservation
1029:coiling technique
934:. A hierarchical
860:
859:
725:Foreign relations
670:
669:
653:Abe assassination
648:COVID-19 pandemic
620:Tōhoku earthquake
378:Satsuma Rebellion
340:Meiji Restoration
218:Kenmu Restoration
4187:
4132:
4131:
4124:Japan portal
4122:
4121:
4120:
4037:National symbols
3756:
3755:
3690:
3689:
3493:
3492:
3489:
3488:
3393:
3392:
3327:Economic miracle
3129:Muromachi period
2939:
2938:
2897:
2890:
2883:
2874:
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2251:
2245:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2213:"Japanese Roots"
2211:(June 1, 1998).
2205:
2196:
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2177:
2171:
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2157:
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2150:
2139:
2133:
2130:
2124:
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2100:
2094:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2061:"Japanese Roots"
2059:(June 1, 1998).
2053:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2037:
2030:
2022:
2016:
2003:
1997:
1987:
1981:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1951:. Archived from
1936:
1930:
1929:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1908:. Archived from
1897:
1891:
1890:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1867:Imamura, Keiji.
1864:
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1412:
1357:Yoshinogari site
1210:Yamashiro, Kyoto
1075:Korean Peninsula
982:Yoshinogari site
887:
886:
883:
877:
876:
852:
845:
838:
682:
578:Economic miracle
493:Nanking incident
488:Financial crisis
325:Perry Expedition
299:
208:Mongol invasions
87:before 14,000 BC
77:
76:
72:
56:
46:History of Japan
33:
32:
4195:
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4190:
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4104:
3924:Class S (genre)
3876:
3852:Sex trafficking
3827:Life expectancy
3763:Anti-monarchism
3741:
3671:
3614:
3581:List of members
3561:Law enforcement
3474:
3378:
3350:
3302:Mukden Incident
3263:
3221:Meiji oligarchy
3201:Empire of Japan
3172:
3102:Kamakura period
3085:
3010:
2928:
2910:
2901:
2851:Wayback Machine
2840:Wayback Machine
2823:
2798:
2796:Further reading
2788:
2738:
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2677:
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2608:10.2307/2385316
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2401:Janhunen (2010)
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2019:
2013:Wayback Machine
2004:
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1988:
1984:
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1968:
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1764:"Yayoi Culture"
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1742:"Bronze mirror"
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1482:
1466:Hashihaka kofun
1462:Nara Prefecture
1454:Saga Prefecture
1423:major civil war
1392:Hashihaka kofun
1385:
1316:Emperor Guangwu
1272:
1256:
1250:
1173:A Yayoi period
1112:
1106:
1100:
1095:
975:
963:hunter-gatherer
884:
866:
856:
806:
805:
804:
684:
683:
680:
672:
671:
663:
662:
658:Noto earthquake
633:1989–2019
630:
629:
590:1926–1989
587:
548:Atomic bombings
523:Tripartite Pact
508:May 15 incident
498:Mukden Incident
469:1912–1926
466:
465:
436:1868–1912
433:
432:
408:Boxer Rebellion
353:1603–1868
350:
349:
297:
287:1573–1603
284:
283:
262:Azuchi–Momoyama
254:1336–1573
251:
250:
226:1185–1333
223:
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184:
155:710 – 794
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3979:Henohenomoheji
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3655:Prime Minister
3652:
3647:
3645:Foreign policy
3642:
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3522:Imperial House
3519:
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3507:
3502:
3496:
3486:
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3452:
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3432:
3430:Extreme points
3427:
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3407:
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3151:Sengoku period
3148:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3136:
3126:
3121:
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3090:Post-Classical
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2822:
2821:External links
2819:
2818:
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2753:(2): 222–240,
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2429:
2417:
2405:
2403:, p. 294.
2393:
2364:(3): 149–158.
2344:
2332:
2328:Serafim (2008)
2320:
2305:
2303:, p. 157.
2301:Whitman (2011)
2293:
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2237:
2223:(6, June 1998)
2197:
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2095:
2086:
2057:Diamond, Jared
2048:
2017:
2006:縄文人の顔と骨格-骨格の比較
1998:
1982:
1966:
1931:
1915:
1912:on 2009-09-23.
1892:
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1697:
1685:
1652:Korean Studies
1638:
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1576:, p. 258.
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1427:Kingdom of Wei
1384:
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1376:Shinto shrines
1271:
1264:
1252:Main article:
1249:
1246:
1242:founder effect
1184:Mark J. Hudson
1102:Main article:
1099:
1096:
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1071:Ryukyu Islands
1054:land ownership
984:reconstruction
974:
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924:archaeologists
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3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3883:
3879:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3821:
3818:
3817:
3816:
3813:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3748:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3712:Manufacturing
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3682:
3668:
3665:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3640:Fiscal policy
3638:
3634:
3631:
3630:
3629:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3621:
3617:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3567:
3566:National Diet
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3550:
3549:Supreme Court
3547:
3546:
3545:
3542:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3497:
3494:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3481:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3385:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3363:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3353:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3332:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3290:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3266:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3175:
3169:
3166:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3131:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3058:
3057:Hakuhō period
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3044:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3005:
3004:Imperial Navy
3002:
3000:
2999:Imperial Army
2997:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2931:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2898:
2893:
2891:
2886:
2884:
2879:
2878:
2875:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2827:Yayoi Culture
2825:
2824:
2814:
2809:
2805:
2800:
2799:
2789:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2743:
2739:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2711:
2707:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2687:
2682:
2678:
2672:
2668:
2667:
2661:
2657:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2638:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2586:
2579:
2575:
2572:
2567:
2560:
2555:
2541:
2537:
2530:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2511:
2505:
2500:
2492:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2473:
2466:
2462:
2459:
2454:
2439:
2433:
2427:, p. 87.
2426:
2421:
2414:
2409:
2402:
2397:
2389:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2348:
2341:
2336:
2330:, p. 98.
2329:
2324:
2317:
2312:
2310:
2302:
2297:
2290:
2285:
2279:(2): 222–240.
2278:
2274:
2268:
2261:
2257:
2250:
2241:
2234:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2209:Jared Diamond
2204:
2202:
2193:
2191:0-8248-2156-4
2187:
2183:
2176:
2168:
2167:
2162:
2156:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2129:
2120:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2105:Brown, Delmer
2099:
2090:
2075:on 2007-11-24
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2052:
2038:on 2020-09-25
2034:
2027:
2021:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2002:
1995:
1991:
1986:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1935:
1927:
1926:
1919:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1896:
1888:
1884:
1878:
1870:
1863:
1861:
1852:
1845:
1837:
1833:
1827:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1784:
1769:
1765:
1758:
1756:
1747:
1743:
1737:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1711:
1707:
1701:
1695:
1689:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1642:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1624:0-8348-1516-8
1620:
1616:
1615:
1607:
1599:
1593:
1589:
1582:
1575:
1570:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1538:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1507:Emishi people
1505:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1484:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1470:Yamato polity
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1444:
1443:Yangtze Delta
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1408:
1404:
1397:
1396:Sakurai, Nara
1393:
1389:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1321:
1318:of the Later
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1276:
1269:
1266:Emergence of
1263:
1261:
1255:
1245:
1243:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1211:
1207:
1206:bronze mirror
1204:
1200:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1116:
1111:
1105:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1007:
1002:
995:
990:
983:
979:
970:
968:
964:
960:
956:
951:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
928:Yayoi pottery
925:
921:
917:
916:neighbourhood
912:
910:
905:
903:
899:
895:
891:
882:
875:
872:
865:
853:
848:
846:
841:
839:
834:
833:
831:
830:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
811:
810:
809:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
740:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
687:
676:
675:
665:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
645:
643:
642:
637:
636:
632:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
602:
600:
599:
594:
593:
589:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
573:Anpo protests
571:
569:
568:Postwar Japan
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
480:
478:
477:
473:
472:
468:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
448:
446:
445:
440:
439:
435:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
365:
363:
362:
357:
356:
352:
346:
343:
341:
338:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
302:
300:
296:
291:
290:
286:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
266:
264:
263:
258:
257:
253:
247:
244:
242:
239:
238:
236:
235:
230:
229:
225:
219:
216:
214:
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
200:
198:
197:
192:
191:
187:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
168:
167:
165:
164:
159:
158:
154:
151:
150:
145:
144:
140:
137:
136:
131:
130:
126:
123:
122:
117:
116:
112:
109:
108:
103:
102:
98:
96:
95:
91:
90:
86:
84:
83:
79:
78:
66:
65:
61:
55:
51:
50:
47:
44:
43:
39:
35:
34:
29:
22:
4155:Yayoi period
4080:Tea ceremony
4057:
4051: /
4043:No-pan kissa
4041:
4012:Martial arts
3904:Architecture
3897: /
3842:Prostitution
3808:Homelessness
3778:Demographics
3702:Central bank
3532:Human rights
3500:Constitution
3355:Contemporary
3177:Early Modern
3081:Heian period
3069:Monmu period
3064:Taika Reform
3042:Asuka period
3037:Kofun period
3032:Yayoi period
3031:
3027:Jōmon period
2833:Yayoi period
2812:
2803:
2767:
2750:
2746:
2727:
2705:
2696:
2692:
2665:
2645:
2599:
2595:
2585:
2566:
2554:
2543:. Retrieved
2539:
2529:
2518:
2510:
2499:
2479:
2472:
2453:
2442:. Retrieved
2432:
2425:Unger (2009)
2420:
2413:Vovin (2013)
2408:
2396:
2361:
2357:
2347:
2340:Vovin (2017)
2335:
2323:
2296:
2284:
2276:
2272:
2267:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2240:
2231:
2225:. Retrieved
2220:
2216:
2181:
2175:
2164:
2155:
2147:the original
2137:
2128:
2108:
2098:
2089:
2077:. Retrieved
2073:the original
2068:
2064:
2051:
2040:. Retrieved
2033:the original
2026:"Repository"
2020:
2001:
1985:
1977:
1969:
1957:. Retrieved
1953:the original
1944:
1934:
1928:, Met museum
1924:
1918:
1910:the original
1895:
1877:
1868:
1850:
1844:
1835:
1826:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1772:. Retrieved
1767:
1745:
1736:
1727:
1718:
1710:Japan Module
1709:
1700:
1688:
1655:
1651:
1641:
1613:
1606:
1587:
1581:
1569:
1560:
1556:
1527:Zenpokoenfun
1517:Yayoi people
1474:Kofun period
1447:
1402:
1400:
1365:
1350:
1348:
1337:
1333:
1328:compiled by
1323:
1301:
1295:
1267:
1257:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1180:
1149:
1138:
1124:Yayoi people
1121:
1104:Yayoi people
1083:Kofun period
1079:
1047:
1036:
1010:
998:
965:population (
957:to northern
952:
936:social class
932:paddy fields
913:
909:Jōmon period
906:
864:Yayoi period
863:
861:
748:Christianity
639:
605:Lost Decades
596:
533:World War II
474:
442:
359:
294:
269:Nanban trade
260:
232:
194:
161:
147:
133:
119:
106:
105:
92:
80:
4095:Video games
3837:Pornography
3445:Prefectures
3425:Environment
3420:Earthquakes
3405:Archipelago
3312:Pacific War
3268:Late Modern
3076:Nara period
3022:Paleolithic
2699:(1): 53–75.
2635:Books cited
2079:14 December
1889:: Rekihaku.
1836:Japan Times
1790:Radiocarbon
1658:(1): 1–22.
1502:Ainu people
1450:Yoshinogari
1441:around the
1415:Yamataikoku
1383:Yamataikoku
1352:Nihon Shoki
1320:Han dynasty
1280:golden seal
1001:radiocarbon
994:Yoshinogari
881:Yayoi jidai
700:Earthquakes
543:Pacific War
451:World War I
82:Paleolithic
4149:Categories
4085:Television
4007:Literature
3969:Hikikomori
3890:Aesthetics
3768:Censorship
3650:Ministries
3620:Government
3334:Heisei era
3317:Occupation
3275:Taishō era
3236:Boshin War
3216:Government
3184:Edo period
3097:Genpei War
3047:Taihō Code
2856:An article
2545:2016-09-01
2523:Wikisource
2504:Wikisource
2444:2007-11-10
2227:2008-05-12
2042:2009-05-30
1941:"Japanese"
1774:2010-03-19
1533:References
1522:Wa (Japan)
1445:of China.
1439:Wu Kingdom
1417:and Queen
1361:Inland Sea
1203:Shinju-kyo
1108:See also:
940:metallurgy
898:Bronze Age
892:period in
615:Cool Japan
483:Militarism
345:Boshin War
298:(Tokugawa)
180:Genpei War
60:Ōta, Tokyo
4059:Otokonoko
4027:Mythology
3939:Festivals
3862:Sexuality
3815:Languages
3788:Etiquette
3783:Education
3732:Transport
3544:Judiciary
3505:Elections
3415:Districts
3400:Addresses
3388:Geography
3362:Reiwa era
3292:Shōwa era
3206:Meiji era
3196:Bakumatsu
3119:Genkō War
2979:Education
2942:Overviews
2648:, Brill,
2616:0027-0741
2602:(1): 74.
2388:1939-8433
1978:Antiquity
1949:Macmillan
1818:0033-8222
1748:. Oxford.
1680:162644598
1574:Habu 2004
1368:Wa people
1344:Chen Shou
1248:Languages
1156:Yamaguchi
890:Neolithic
739:Religion
730:Geography
715:Education
710:Era names
335:Bakumatsu
274:Imjin War
234:Muromachi
213:Genkō War
203:Jōkyū War
4134:Category
3949:Folklore
3847:Religion
3820:Japanese
3793:Gambling
3603:Maritime
3484:Politics
3465:Villages
3146:Ōnin War
2989:Military
2974:Economic
2908:articles
2847:Archived
2836:Archived
2726:(2009),
2644:(2004),
2574:Archived
2461:Archived
2009:Archived
1959:July 10,
1672:23719600
1480:See also
1458:Makimuku
1312:Na state
1237:wet-rice
1069:via the
1050:textiles
973:Features
902:Iron Age
824:Timeline
814:Glossary
785:Post-war
780:Politics
770:Military
743:Buddhism
695:Currency
196:Kamakura
38:a series
36:Part of
4090:Theatre
4065:Origami
3992:Irezumi
3987:Ikebana
3954:Gardens
3929:Cuisine
3882:Culture
3867:Smoking
3803:Housing
3751:Society
3685:Economy
3628:Cabinet
3510:Emperor
3450:Regions
3435:Islands
3322:Postwar
3250:(noble)
3015:Ancient
2962:Shoguns
2934:History
2924:Outline
2624:2385316
2519:Wei Zhi
2366:Bibcode
2258:(108).
2233:houses.
2107:(ed.).
1994:archive
1798:Bibcode
1712:. Pitt.
1633:3071841
1407:Chinese
1403:Wei Zhi
1334:Wei zhi
1304:Chinese
1298:(漢委奴國王)
1164:Jiangsu
1160:Fukuoka
1093:History
1063:Yangtze
1058:tattoos
1025:pottery
819:History
758:Judaism
705:Economy
71:Periods
4075:Shinto
3997:Kawaii
3974:Hanami
3959:Geisha
3919:Cinema
3914:Bonsai
3832:People
3798:Health
3717:Energy
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1175:dōtaku
1145:dōtaku
1038:dōtaku
1033:bronze
1013:Honshū
1006:Kyūshū
959:Honshū
955:Kyūshū
944:bronze
922:where
795:Sports
763:Shinto
720:Empire
681:Topics
598:Heisei
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40:on the
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3899:Manga
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2458:魏志倭人伝
2036:(PDF)
2029:(PDF)
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920:Tokyo
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775:Naval
753:Islam
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121:Kofun
107:Yayoi
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3660:list
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2782:ISBN
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1961:2015
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1087:Ainu
1043:iron
948:iron
946:and
862:The
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4100:Zen
3909:Art
3737:Yen
3608:Air
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