1106:
25:
1448:
1244:
1774:
3693:
102:
1454:, 13th century. Hinoki wood with lacquer on cloth, pigment, rock crystal, metal. Before entering most Japanese Buddhist temples, visitors must pass large and imposing sculptures of ferocious guardian figures whose role is to protect the premises from the enemies of the religion. The aggressive stances and exaggerated facial features of these figures stand in sharp contrast to the calm demeanor of the Buddha enshrined inside.
3682:
1887:, aimed at strengthening the position of the emperor and reasserting the primacy of the court nobles over the warriors' caste. The reality, however, was that the forces who had arisen against Kamakura had been set on defeating the Hōjō, not on supporting the emperor. Ashikaga Takauji finally sided with the Northern Court in a civil war against the Southern Court represented by Go-Daigo. The long
2337:
1809:. Kublai realized that nature, not military incompetence, had been the cause of his forces' failure so, in 1281, he launched a second invasion. Seven weeks of fighting took place in northwestern Kyūshū before another typhoon struck, again destroying the Yuan fleet, which was mostly composed of hastily acquired, flat-bottomed Chinese ships especially vulnerable to powerful typhoons.
1383:
established the
Council of State, providing opportunities for other military lords to exercise judicial and legislative authority within the Kamakura regime. The Hōjō regent presided over the council, which was a successful form of collective leadership. The adoption of Japan's first military code of
1705:
As time evolved the distinctions between "Old" and "New" Buddhisms blurred as they formed "cultic centers" and various forms of founder worship. The medieval structures of these schools evolved into hierarchical head temple-branch temple structures with associated rituals and forms of worship. This
1088:
Several significant administrative achievements were made during the Hōjō regency. These provided the opportunities for other military lords to exercise judicial and legislative authority and the government established a council centered around collective leadership. The period saw the adoption of
1823:
The Yuan invasions had been a drain on the economy, and new taxes had to be levied to maintain defensive preparations for the future. The invasions also caused disaffection among those who expected recompense for their help in defeating the Yuan dynasty. There were no lands or other rewards to be
1770:, demanded that the Japanese pay tribute to the new Yuan dynasty and threatened reprisals if they failed to do so. Unused to such threats, Kyoto raised the diplomatic counter of Japan's divine origin, rejected the Yuan demands, dismissed the Goryeo messengers, and started defensive preparations.
1692:
attempted at this time to create down-to-earth teachings that were rooted in the daily concerns of people. Nichiren rejected the focus on "next-worldly" salvation such a rebirth in a Pure Land and instead aimed for "this-worldly" personal and national liberation through a simple and accessible
1274:
Despite a strong beginning, Yoritomo failed to consolidate the leadership of his family on a lasting basis. Intrafamily contention had long existed within the
Minamoto, although Yoritomo had eliminated most serious challengers to his authority. When he died suddenly in 1199, his son
1820:, a sign of heaven's special protection of Japan, the invasion left a deep impression on the shogunate leaders. Long-standing fears of the Chinese threat to Japan were reinforced. The victory also convinced the warriors of the value of the shogunate form of government.
1026:, which was in charge of tax collection and land administration. Japanese history textbooks as of 2016 do not specify a specific year for the beginning of the Kamakura period, as there are various theories about the year the Kamakura shogunate was established.
1113:
The
Kamakura period marked Japan's transition to a land-based economy and the concentration of advanced military technologies in the hands of a specialized fighting class. Lords required the loyal services of vassals, who were rewarded with
1673:
school, Dōgen aimed for an ineffable absolute, a pure Zen teaching that was not tied to beliefs and practices from Tendai or other orthodox schools and with little guidance for leading people how to live in the secular world.
1677:
The final stage of
Kamakura Buddhism, occurring some 50 years after Hōnen, was marked by new social and political conditions as the aristocracy declined, the military class asserted new influence, and Buddhist-infused local
1627:. The new social order of a declining aristocracy and ascending military and peasant classes resulted in new forms of religion, both indigenous and Buddhist while Indian and Chinese influence continued. Furthermore, the
976:
There are various theories as to the year in which the
Kamakura period and Kamakura shogunate began. In the past, the most popular theory was that the year was 1192, when Minamoto no Yoritomo was appointed
1616:. However, with the increasing popularity of the new Kamakura schools, the older schools partially eclipsed as the newer "Kamakura" schools found followers among the new Kamakura government, and its
2299:
1376:'s constables gained greater civil powers, and the court was obliged to seek Kamakura's approval for all of its actions. Although deprived of political power, the court retained extensive estates.
1631:
manor system which had taken root in this era resulted in the increased prosperity and literacy of peasants which in turn provided more financial support for
Buddhist teachers and their studies.
1228:
The
Kamakura shogunate was not a national regime, however, and although it controlled large tracts of land, there was strong resistance to the stewards. The regime continued warfare against the
1797:, combustible missiles, and bows and arrows. In fighting, these soldiers grouped in close cavalry formations against samurai, who were accustomed to one-on-one combat. Local Japanese forces at
1400:
principles, the new code was a highly legalistic document that stressed the duties of stewards and constables, provided means for settling land disputes, and established rules governing
1891:
lasted from 1336 to 1392. Early in the conflict, Go-Daigo was driven from Kyoto, and the
Northern Court contender was installed by Ashikaga, who established a new line of shoguns.
1864:. Go-Daigo wanted to overthrow the shogunate, and he openly defied Kamakura by naming his own son his heir. In 1331 the shogunate exiled Go-Daigo, but loyalist forces, including
1623:
The times that gave way to the
Kamakura period were marked by political and military conflict, natural disasters, and social malaise attributed to the perceived arrival of the
2300:
National
Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (1972).
1669:
schools of Zen. Dōgen rejected affiliations with the secular authorities whereas Eisai actively sought them. Whereas Eisai thought that Zen teachings would revitalize the
1285:
and nominal head of the Minamoto, but Yoriie was unable to control the other eastern warrior families. By the early 13th century, a regency had been established by
1860:
or senior line—to alternate on the throne. The method worked for several successions until a member of the Southern Court ascended to the throne as
2301:
3389:
1828:. Additionally, inheritances had divided family properties, and landowners increasingly had to turn to moneylenders for support. Roving bands of
1758:
made the open seas dangerous. At a time when the shogunate had little interest in foreign affairs and ignored communications from China and the
1404:. It was clear and concise, stipulated punishments for violators of its conditions, and parts of it remained in effect for the next 635 years.
1204:
1785:
After further unsuccessful entreaties, the first Mongol invasion took place in 1274. More than 600 ships carried a combined ethnic Mongol,
3259:
2730:
1049:
in 1274 and again in 1281. To reduce the amount of chaos, the Hōjō rulers decided to decentralize power by allowing two imperial lines –
1033:
which was only defeated in 1189. Then, the authority to the Kamakura rulers waned in the 1190s and power was transferred to the powerful
324:
900:
840:
1824:
given, however, and such disaffection, combined with overextension and the increasing defense costs, led to a decline of the Kamakura
1232:, but never brought either the north or the west under complete military control. However, the fourth leader of the Northern Fujiwara
1742:, a letter to the regency. Japanese relations with China had been terminated in the mid-ninth century after the deterioration of the
598:
2045:, killing 23,034 people. It followed a 1241 and 1257 earthquake/tsunami in the same general area, which both were of magnitude 7.0.
1608:
monasteries had become politically powerful, appealing primarily to those capable of systematic study of the sect's teachings. The
1431:, replete with tales of wars and samurai deeds. A second literary mainstream was the continuation of anthologies of poetry in the
1240:, continuing to hold the land over which it had jurisdiction, while newly organized military families were attracted to Kamakura.
1805:, defended against the advantageous mainland force, which, after one day of fighting was destroyed by the onslaught of a sudden
2457:
3032:
2546:
2376:
2078:
850:
775:
2906:
670:
3143:
3202:
1558:, continued to thrive, adapt, and exert influence. For example, all of the above six reformers had studied at the Tendai
291:
1370:. The Hōjō forces easily won the war, and the imperial court was brought under the direct control of the shogunate. The
3526:
3150:
1844:
reacted to the ensuing chaos by trying to place more power among the various great family clans. To further weaken the
1684:
practice among peasants flourished. These changing conditions created a climate that encouraged religious innovation.
448:
423:
1876:, another eastern chieftain, rebelled against the shogunate, which quickly disintegrated, and the Hōjō were defeated.
1358:
With the protection of the Emperor, a figurehead himself, strains emerged between Kyoto and Kamakura, and in 1221 the
1236:
was defeated by Yoritomo in 1189, and the 100-year-long prosperity of the north disappeared. The old court resided in
3165:
2929:
2427:
2410:
2395:
2267:
2227:
2197:
2170:
675:
68:
46:
2110:
39:
3222:
3133:
798:
506:
1872:, a constable who turned against the Kamakura when dispatched to put down Go-Daigo's rebellion. At the same time,
3284:
3160:
2992:
2481:
2470:
740:
3229:
2122:
893:
553:
473:
2847:
1697:
recitation with an emphasis on practice rather than concentrating on an individual's underlying mental state.
511:
2987:
2541:
765:
1379:
Several significant administrative achievements were made during the Hōjō regency. In 1225 the third regent
1089:
Japan's first military code of law in 1232. There was an expansion of Buddhist teachings into Old Buddhism (
3170:
2982:
2529:
874:
864:
808:
793:
750:
2793:
2187:
703:
633:
2158:
3419:
3089:
2962:
2934:
2718:
2450:
1392:—in 1232 reflected the profound transition from court to militarized society. While legal practices in
845:
698:
453:
312:
3599:
3313:
3195:
3155:
3077:
3027:
2889:
2859:
2778:
2676:
2551:
2536:
2353:
1719:
1042:
886:
820:
803:
755:
628:
583:
478:
258:
220:
85:
1751:
1153:, the government is often referred to in Western literature as the Shogunate. Yoritomo followed the
538:
3717:
3414:
3325:
3123:
3106:
3012:
2997:
2901:
2869:
2842:
2053:
2030:
1407:
As might be expected, the literature of the time reflected the unsettled nature of the period. The
1062:
660:
578:
543:
501:
33:
3289:
3217:
3207:
3084:
3017:
2816:
1461:
During the Kamakura period six new Buddhist schools (classified by scholars as "New Buddhism" or
1065:
in 1333 which ended the rule of the shogunate. With this, the Kamakura period ended. There was a
785:
603:
433:
418:
3564:
3274:
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3022:
3002:
2723:
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2556:
1913:
1624:
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588:
380:
50:
3722:
3642:
3574:
3466:
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3370:
3340:
3269:
3099:
3094:
3062:
2614:
2443:
1879:
In the swell of victory, Go-Daigo endeavored to restore imperial authority and tenth-century
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2701:
1434:
1105:
3657:
3399:
3138:
3007:
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2584:
1943:
1909:
1905:
1612:
sect and its esoteric ritual continued to enjoy support largely from the noble families in
1233:
1119:
950:
708:
563:
468:
329:
225:
132:
109:
1598:
1041:) under the shogun which became a powerless figurehead. The later Kamakura period saw the
8:
3647:
3579:
3569:
3452:
3330:
3212:
3182:
2879:
1367:
992:. Later, the prevailing theory was that the year was 1185, when Yoritomo established the
613:
568:
533:
443:
1315:
during the period, although later positions were created with similar power such as the
3589:
3501:
3424:
3377:
3350:
3345:
3294:
3067:
2977:
2950:
2821:
2773:
2751:
2696:
2669:
2057:
1969:
1865:
1817:
1798:
1707:
1447:
1387:
1380:
1286:
1276:
1078:
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937:
780:
608:
463:
360:
355:
1738:
3511:
3409:
3382:
3355:
3046:
2803:
2788:
2686:
2514:
2423:
2406:
2391:
2372:
2273:
2263:
2223:
2193:
2166:
2118:
1884:
1517:
1497:
1229:
1066:
1030:
830:
813:
760:
745:
428:
390:
268:
1996:
3652:
3491:
3444:
3429:
3365:
3247:
3190:
3072:
2691:
2496:
2486:
2305:
1869:
1861:
1422:
1082:
1070:
1058:
933:
869:
375:
284:
93:
2619:
2084:
1122:
had consolidated his power, he established a new government at his family home in
3516:
3486:
3481:
3394:
3360:
3279:
2972:
2864:
2783:
2763:
2524:
2417:
2049:
1920:
1873:
1455:
1363:
1243:
1150:
1074:
770:
573:
558:
548:
458:
2589:
144:
3696:
3632:
3584:
3541:
3434:
3335:
2713:
2519:
1973:
1965:
1857:
1853:
1841:
1359:
1290:
1186:
1054:
1050:
1034:
835:
365:
296:
253:
1988:
1109:
Provinces in the Kamakura period (excluding Hokkaido and the Satsunan Islands)
1029:
During the early Kamakura period, the shogunate continued warfare against the
3711:
3594:
3506:
3495:
3264:
3128:
2884:
2341:
2277:
1666:
1487:
1477:
1298:
1154:
1046:
962:
623:
618:
2837:
2609:
1773:
1661:
traveled to China and upon their return to Japan founded, respectively, the
494:
3686:
3662:
3605:
3471:
3299:
3118:
2643:
2631:
2626:
2604:
2599:
2594:
1984:
1880:
1747:
1743:
1729:
1397:
1250:
655:
319:
213:
185:
171:
157:
2854:
2681:
2347:
526:
263:
2874:
2638:
2019:
2008:
1802:
1786:
1767:
1582:
1551:
1410:
1401:
1009:, which controlled military and police power in various regions, and the
593:
199:
2708:
2262:. Perez, Louis (2nd ed.). Boulder, CO: Westview Press. p. 95.
2023:
1816:
priests attributed the two defeats of the Mongols to a "divine wind" or
1256:
1211:. After confiscating estates in central and western Japan, he appointed
1118:
of their own; the fief holders then exercised local military rule. Once
3531:
2896:
2798:
2746:
2659:
2038:
1901:
1605:
1428:
1294:
1260:
958:
954:
665:
648:
395:
344:
230:
101:
3621:
2924:
2768:
2758:
2309:
1980:
1958:
1662:
1527:
1507:
1473:
1168:
970:
691:
411:
385:
1925:
1539:
1318:
1144:
946:
2385:
2042:
2004:
1930:
1794:
1733:
1685:
1559:
1513:
1416:
1123:
3615:
2000:
code of law is promulgated to enhance control by the Hōjō regents.
1950:
1852:
decided to allow two contending imperial lines—known as the
1829:
1654:
1643:
1628:
1590:
1547:
1503:
1469:
1057:, to alternate the throne. In the 1330s, the Southern court under
3627:
3554:
3549:
2435:
2340:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2034:
2015:
1806:
1790:
1778:
1763:
1725:
1647:
1617:
1609:
1574:
1543:
1493:
1310:
1038:
966:
1212:
1077:
but would later lead to direct rule under Ashikaga, forming the
1012:
3637:
3559:
3536:
3521:
3476:
2810:
1935:
1849:
1825:
1813:
1759:
1694:
1670:
1594:
1578:
1573:
Throughout the Kamakura period, older Buddhist sects including
1535:
1439:, of which twenty volumes were produced between 1201 and 1205.
1419:
concepts of impermanence and the vanity of human projects. The
1326:
1264:
1037:
in the early 13th century with the head of the clan as regent (
370:
3611:
3461:
3457:
2466:
1954:
1845:
1755:
1706:
culminated in the state-sanctioned formalized schools of the
1689:
1658:
1613:
1586:
1523:
1483:
1393:
1267:
1237:
1216:
995:
1301:
in 1180. The head of Hōjō was installed as a regent for the
2405:. Eight Printing (1993). Charles E. Tuttle Company, Tokyo,
1680:
1554:, collectively classified by scholars as "Old Buddhism" or
1225:, Yoritomo was both the steward and the constable general.
1141:, but because he was given the ancient high military title
1115:
1601:
continued to thrive and adapt to the trend of the times.
1964:
1221: The Kamakura army defeats the imperial army in the
1750:
court. Some commercial contacts were maintained with the
1634:
1642:
The first originators of Kamakura Buddhism schools were
1565:
1157:
form of house government and had an administrative board
1069:(1333–1336) of imperial rule under Go-Daigo assisted by
2304:. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.
2083:(in Japanese). Toyo keizai. 9 June 2016. Archived from
1432:
1420:
1408:
1385:
1371:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1332:
1324:
1316:
1308:
1302:
1280:
1248:
1220:
1142:
2247:. London: Trench, Trubner & Company. p. 167.
1762:, news arrived in 1268 of a new Mongol-led regime in
2222:. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. p. 9.
1736:
had predicted these invasions years earlier, in his
1415:
describes the turmoil of the period in terms of the
965:
clans. The period is known for the emergence of the
1832:further threatened the stability of the shogunate.
1650:who emphasized belief and practice over formalism.
1693:practice. Ippen emphasized a popularized form of
1442:
969:, the warrior caste, and for the establishment of
3709:
1883:practices. This period of reform, known as the
1202:
1184:
1166:
1127:
1010:
993:
978:
925:
16:Period of Japanese history from CE 1185 to 1333
1700:
1196:
1178:
1160:
1134:
1019:
1002:
985:
919:
2451:
2104:
2102:
1534:During this time the pre-existing schools of
1100:
894:
2322:McCullough, Helen Craig (1959): pp. 285–311.
2156:
1957:or executed. This inadvertently spread the
2213:
2211:
2209:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2134:
1732:were momentous events in Japanese history.
2458:
2444:
2390:. 1959. Charles E. Tuttle Company, Tokyo,
2099:
2052:conquers and destroys Kamakura during the
901:
887:
2192:. Columbia University Press. p. 65.
2117:. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.
2071:
1968:, thereby asserting the supremacy of the
1604:At the start of the Kamakura period, the
1526:(1239–1289) founded the Ji-shū branch of
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
2415:
2206:
2185:
2157:Osumi, Kazuo; Dobbins, James C. (1999).
2131:
1772:
1446:
1242:
1104:
32:This article includes a list of general
2731:Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)
2242:
2165:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University.
2108:
1724:The repulsions of two invasions by the
1653:In the latter part of the 12th-century
3710:
1929:(military leader) with a residence in
2439:
2217:
957:, which saw the struggle between the
2371:, University of Hawaii Press, 1994,
2260:Premodern Japan: A Historical Survey
2257:
1550:(774–835), and the great temples of
940:, officially established in 1192 in
18:
1713:
1061:revolted and eventually led to the
112:, founder of the Kamakura shogunate
13:
2907:2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami
2465:
2361:
1953:and his followers are exiled from
1793:force of 23,000 troops armed with
1427:narrated the rise and fall of the
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
3734:
2774:Imperial Constitution (1890–1947)
2159:"Buddhism in the Kamakura Period"
1472:(1133–1212) founded the Japanese
1396:were still based on 500-year-old
1362:broke out between the cloistered
936:that marks the governance by the
3692:
3691:
3680:
2382:McCullough, Helen Craig (1959).
2335:
2302:"NOAA Earthquake Database Query"
2245:The History of Japanese Religion
2220:Re-visioning "Kamakura" Buddhism
1297:that had allied itself with the
100:
23:
2388:. A Chronicle of Medieval Japan
2316:
2161:. In Hall, John Whitney (ed.).
2111:"Envisioning Kamakura Buddhism"
1987:is introduced to Japan by monk
1868:, rebelled. They were aided by
1443:Expansion of Buddhist teachings
1355:became a powerless figurehead.
3260:Agriculture, forestry, fishing
2422:, Cambridge University Press,
2419:The Cambridge History of Japan
2293:
2284:
2251:
2236:
2179:
2115:Re-visioning Kamakura Buddhism
2113:. In Payne, Richard K. (ed.).
2026:but are repelled by a typhoon.
1746:and the turning inward of the
1562:at some point in their lives.
1:
2329:
1961:doctrine to a wider audience.
1781:boarding Mongol ships in 1281
1126:. He called his government a
2403:A history of Japan 1334–1615
2189:Religion in Japanese History
2186:Kitagawa, Joseph M. (2010).
1835:
1307:; the regent was termed the
953:after the conclusion of the
7:
2848:1923 Great Kantō earthquake
2794:Abolition of the han system
1701:Legacy of Kamakura Buddhism
1433:
1421:
1409:
1386:
1372:
1351:
1345:
1339:
1333:
1325:
1317:
1309:
1303:
1281:
1249:
1221:
1203:
1185:
1167:
1143:
1128:
1011:
994:
979:
926:
10:
3739:
2243:Anesaki, Masaharu (1930).
2218:Payne, Richard K. (1998).
2163:Cambridge History of Japan
2109:Dobbins, James C. (1998).
1904:is defeated at sea at the
1717:
1101:Shogunate and Hōjō regency
3675:
3443:
3321:
3312:
3255:
3246:
3181:
3058:
3054:
3045:
2958:
2949:
2917:
2860:Japan during World War II
2830:
2739:
2677:Mongol invasions of Japan
2652:
2577:
2504:
2495:
2477:
2354:Federal Research Division
1894:
1720:Mongol invasions of Japan
1247:A famous Japanese wooden
1197:
1179:
1161:
1135:
1020:
1003:
986:
920:
449:Invasion of Taiwan (1895)
424:Invasion of Taiwan (1874)
3134:House of Representatives
2930:2019 imperial transition
2902:Great Hanshin earthquake
2870:Second Sino-Japanese War
2843:Japan during World War I
2290:Varley, P. (1994) p. 82.
2079:
2064:
1754:in later centuries, but
1516:(1222–1282) founded the
1506:(1200–1253) founded the
1496:(1173–1263) founded the
1486:(1141–1215) founded the
1193:, and a board of inquiry
661:Great Hanshin earthquake
579:Second Sino-Japanese War
2817:First Sino-Japanese War
2416:Yamamura, Kozo (1990),
2401:Sansom, George (1963).
1856:or junior line and the
507:Intervention in Siberia
434:First Sino-Japanese War
53:more precise citations.
3285:Science and technology
2724:Council of Five Elders
2719:Azuchi–Momoyama period
1914:Minamoto no Yoshitsune
1889:War Between the Courts
1782:
1458:
1366:and the second regent
1349:. Under the Hōjō, the
1271:
1219:for the provinces. As
1175:, a board of retainers
1110:
1067:short re-establishment
841:Science and technology
589:Attack on Pearl Harbor
512:Great Kantō earthquake
454:Colonization of Taiwan
381:Convention of Kanagawa
221:Former Nine Years' War
164:1000 BC – 300 AD
150:14,000 – 1000 BC
3230:Deputy Prime Minister
2615:Asuka Kiyomihara Code
2258:Hane, Mikiso (2015).
2014:1274 & 1281: The
1939:system of government.
1923:appoints Yoritomo as
1776:
1752:Southern Song dynasty
1625:Latter Day of the Law
1450:
1246:
1108:
554:Invasion of Manchuria
479:Colonization of Korea
439:Treaty of Shimonoseki
178:300 AD – 538 AD
3139:House of Councillors
3033:World Heritage Sites
1944:Minamoto no Yoritomo
1906:Battle of Dan-no-ura
1234:Fujiwara no Yasuhira
1215:for the estates and
1120:Minamoto no Yoritomo
1093:) and New Buddhism (
951:Minamoto no Yoritomo
851:World Heritage Sites
564:February 26 incident
469:Treaty of Portsmouth
330:Battle of Sekigahara
226:Later Three-Year War
110:Minamoto no Yoritomo
3156:Self-Defense Forces
2080:鎌倉幕府は何年に成立？正解を言えますか
2029:1293: On May 27, a
1976:) over the emperor.
1933:, establishing the
676:Imperial transition
614:Occupation of Japan
604:Soviet–Japanese War
569:Anti-Comintern Pact
444:Triple Intervention
3290:Telecommunications
2822:Russo-Japanese War
2752:Tokugawa shogunate
2702:Nanboku-chō period
2697:Ashikaga shogunate
2670:Kamakura shogunate
2058:Kamakura shogunate
1970:Kamakura shogunate
1866:Kusunoki Masashige
1783:
1459:
1452:Head of a Guardian
1435:Shin Kokin Wakashū
1388:Goseibai Shikimoku
1293:, a branch of the
1277:Minamoto no Yoriie
1272:
1139:, tent government)
1111:
1081:in the succeeding
1079:Ashikaga shogunate
938:Kamakura shogunate
741:Capital punishment
717:2019–present
634:Asset price bubble
609:Surrender of Japan
474:Japan–Korea Treaty
464:Russo-Japanese War
419:Ryūkyū Disposition
361:Invasion of Ryukyu
356:Tokugawa shogunate
292:Nanboku-chō period
3705:
3704:
3671:
3670:
3420:Sexual minorities
3308:
3307:
3242:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3151:Political parties
3090:Foreign relations
3041:
3040:
2945:
2944:
2935:COVID-19 pandemic
2804:Satsuma Rebellion
2789:Meiji Restoration
2687:Kenmu Restoration
2547:Foreign relations
2377:978-0-8248-1601-8
2369:Warriors of Japan
2054:Siege of Kamakura
1966:Jōkyū Disturbance
1885:Kenmu Restoration
1739:Rissho Ankoku Ron
1289:—a member of the
1263:. It was made by
1230:Northern Fujiwara
1063:Siege of Kamakura
1031:Northern Fujiwara
911:
910:
776:Foreign relations
721:
720:
704:Abe assassination
699:COVID-19 pandemic
671:Tōhoku earthquake
429:Satsuma Rebellion
391:Meiji Restoration
269:Kenmu Restoration
79:
78:
71:
3730:
3695:
3694:
3687:Japan portal
3685:
3684:
3683:
3600:National symbols
3319:
3318:
3253:
3252:
3056:
3055:
3052:
3051:
2956:
2955:
2890:Economic miracle
2692:Muromachi period
2502:
2501:
2460:
2453:
2446:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2357:
2339:
2338:
2323:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2310:10.7289/V5TD9V7K
2297:
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2282:
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2255:
2249:
2248:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2215:
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2203:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2154:
2129:
2128:
2106:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2075:
2031:major earthquake
1900:1185: the rival
1870:Ashikaga Takauji
1862:Emperor Go-Daigo
1756:Japanese pirates
1714:Mongol invasions
1585:schools such as
1465:) were founded:
1438:
1426:
1423:Heike Monogatari
1414:
1391:
1375:
1354:
1348:
1342:
1336:
1330:
1322:
1314:
1306:
1284:
1254:
1224:
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1208:
1200:
1199:
1192:
1190:
1182:
1181:
1174:
1172:
1164:
1163:
1148:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1131:
1083:Muromachi period
1071:Ashikaga Takauji
1059:Emperor Go-Daigo
1025:
1023:
1022:
1016:
1008:
1006:
1005:
999:
991:
989:
988:
982:
934:Japanese history
931:
929:
923:
922:
903:
896:
889:
733:
629:Economic miracle
544:Nanking incident
539:Financial crisis
376:Perry Expedition
350:
259:Mongol invasions
138:before 14,000 BC
128:
127:
123:
104:
94:History of Japan
81:
80:
74:
67:
63:
60:
54:
49:this article by
40:inline citations
27:
26:
19:
3738:
3737:
3733:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3728:
3727:
3718:Kamakura period
3708:
3707:
3706:
3701:
3681:
3679:
3667:
3487:Class S (genre)
3439:
3415:Sex trafficking
3390:Life expectancy
3326:Anti-monarchism
3304:
3234:
3177:
3144:List of members
3124:Law enforcement
3037:
2941:
2913:
2865:Mukden Incident
2826:
2784:Meiji oligarchy
2764:Empire of Japan
2735:
2665:Kamakura period
2648:
2573:
2491:
2473:
2464:
2430:
2364:
2362:Further reading
2349:Country Studies
2345:
2336:
2332:
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2326:
2321:
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2289:
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2132:
2125:
2107:
2100:
2090:
2088:
2081:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2067:
2050:Nitta Yoshisada
2007:is banished to
1921:Emperor Go-Toba
1897:
1874:Nitta Yoshisada
1838:
1722:
1716:
1703:
1640:
1635:"New Buddhism"
1571:
1566:"Old Buddhism"
1518:Nichiren school
1456:Brooklyn Museum
1445:
1364:Emperor Go-Toba
1194:
1176:
1158:
1151:Emperor Go-Toba
1145:Sei-i Taishōgun
1132:
1103:
1075:Nitta Yoshisada
1017:
1000:
983:
932:is a period of
917:
915:Kamakura period
907:
857:
856:
855:
735:
734:
731:
723:
722:
714:
713:
709:Noto earthquake
684:1989–2019
681:
680:
641:1926–1989
638:
599:Atomic bombings
574:Tripartite Pact
559:May 15 incident
549:Mukden Incident
520:1912–1926
517:
516:
487:1868–1912
484:
483:
459:Boxer Rebellion
404:1603–1868
401:
400:
348:
338:1573–1603
335:
334:
313:Azuchi–Momoyama
305:1336–1573
302:
301:
277:1185–1333
274:
273:
236:
235:
206:710 – 794
203:
192:538 – 710
189:
175:
161:
125:
124:
121:
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75:
64:
58:
55:
45:Please help to
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3544:
3542:Henohenomoheji
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3218:Prime Minister
3215:
3210:
3208:Foreign policy
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3102:
3092:
3087:
3085:Imperial House
3082:
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3070:
3065:
3059:
3049:
3043:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2993:Extreme points
2990:
2985:
2980:
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2726:
2721:
2714:Sengoku period
2711:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2699:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2673:
2672:
2662:
2656:
2654:
2653:Post-Classical
2650:
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2123:
2098:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2046:
2027:
2012:
2001:
1997:Jōei Shikimoku
1992:
1977:
1962:
1947:
1940:
1917:
1896:
1893:
1858:Northern Court
1854:Southern Court
1837:
1834:
1801:, on northern
1766:. Its leader,
1760:Goryeo dynasty
1718:Main article:
1715:
1712:
1702:
1699:
1639:
1633:
1570:
1564:
1532:
1531:
1521:
1511:
1510:school of Zen.
1501:
1491:
1490:school of Zen.
1481:
1444:
1441:
1368:Hōjō Yoshitoki
1187:Samurai-dokoro
1102:
1099:
1055:Southern court
980:Seii Taishōgun
927:Kamakura jidai
909:
908:
906:
905:
898:
891:
883:
880:
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843:
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801:
796:
788:
786:Historiography
783:
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366:Siege of Osaka
363:
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297:Sengoku period
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239:794–1185
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3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3565:LGBTQ culture
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
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3535:
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3288:
3286:
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3278:
3276:
3275:Manufacturing
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3261:
3258:
3257:
3254:
3251:
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3228:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3203:Fiscal policy
3201:
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3135:
3132:
3131:
3130:
3129:National Diet
3127:
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3122:
3120:
3117:
3113:
3112:Supreme Court
3110:
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2668:
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2666:
2663:
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2658:
2657:
2655:
2651:
2645:
2642:
2640:
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2620:Hakuhō period
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2342:public domain
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2229:0-8248-2078-9
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2087:on 9 May 2022
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1637:(Shin Bukkyō)
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1381:Hōjō Yasutoki
1377:
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1337:was also the
1335:
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1287:Hōjō Tokimasa
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944:by the first
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624:Anpo protests
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619:Postwar Japan
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35:
30:
21:
20:
3723:Feudal Japan
3643:Tea ceremony
3620:
3614: /
3606:No-pan kissa
3604:
3575:Martial arts
3467:Architecture
3460: /
3405:Prostitution
3371:Homelessness
3341:Demographics
3265:Central bank
3095:Human rights
3063:Constitution
2918:Contemporary
2740:Early Modern
2664:
2644:Heian period
2632:Monmu period
2627:Taika Reform
2605:Asuka period
2600:Kofun period
2595:Yayoi period
2590:Jōmon period
2418:
2402:
2383:
2368:
2367:Varley, P.,
2348:
2318:
2295:
2286:
2259:
2253:
2244:
2238:
2219:
2188:
2181:
2162:
2114:
2089:. Retrieved
2085:the original
2073:
2024:invade Japan
1995:
1985:Zen Buddhism
1974:Hōjō regents
1934:
1924:
1888:
1878:
1839:
1822:
1811:
1784:
1744:Tang dynasty
1737:
1730:Yuan dynasty
1723:
1704:
1679:
1676:
1652:
1641:
1636:
1622:
1603:
1572:
1568:(Kyū Bukkyō)
1567:
1555:
1533:
1498:Jōdo Shinshū
1462:
1460:
1451:
1406:
1402:inheritances
1378:
1357:
1331:. Often the
1273:
1251:kongorikishi
1227:
1112:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1028:
975:
945:
930:, 1185–1333)
914:
912:
799:Christianity
690:
656:Lost Decades
647:
584:World War II
525:
493:
410:
345:
320:Nanban trade
311:
283:
246:
245:
212:
198:
184:
170:
156:
143:
131:
106:
65:
56:
37:
3658:Video games
3400:Pornography
3008:Prefectures
2988:Environment
2983:Earthquakes
2968:Archipelago
2875:Pacific War
2831:Late Modern
2639:Nara period
2585:Paleolithic
2056:ending the
2020:Kublai Khan
2009:Sado Island
1989:Dōgen Zenji
1848:court, the
1583:Nara temple
1542:(767–822),
1463:Shin Bukkyo
1095:Shin Bukkyō
751:Earthquakes
594:Pacific War
502:World War I
133:Paleolithic
51:introducing
3712:Categories
3648:Television
3570:Literature
3532:Hikikomori
3453:Aesthetics
3331:Censorship
3213:Ministries
3183:Government
2897:Heisei era
2880:Occupation
2838:Taishō era
2799:Boshin War
2779:Government
2747:Edo period
2660:Genpei War
2610:Taihō Code
2330:References
2124:0824820789
2039:Sagami Bay
1994:1232: The
1979:1227: The
1919:1192: The
1910:Yoritomo's
1902:Taira clan
1606:Mount Hiei
1581:, and the
1556:Kyū Bukkyo
1476:school or
1429:Taira clan
1255:statue of
1217:constables
1091:Kyū Bukkyō
973:in Japan.
955:Genpei War
666:Cool Japan
534:Militarism
396:Boshin War
349:(Tokugawa)
231:Genpei War
34:references
3622:Otokonoko
3590:Mythology
3502:Festivals
3425:Sexuality
3378:Languages
3351:Etiquette
3346:Education
3295:Transport
3107:Judiciary
3068:Elections
2978:Districts
2963:Addresses
2951:Geography
2925:Reiwa era
2855:Shōwa era
2769:Meiji era
2759:Bakumatsu
2682:Genkō War
2542:Education
2505:Overviews
2346:"Japan".
2278:895428280
1959:Pure Land
1881:Confucian
1836:Civil war
1812:Although
1795:catapults
1777:Japanese
1530:Buddhism.
1528:Pure Land
1474:Pure Land
1398:Confucian
1360:Jōkyū War
1291:Hōjō clan
1169:Mandokoro
1043:invasions
1035:Hōjō clan
971:feudalism
790:Religion
781:Geography
766:Education
761:Era names
386:Bakumatsu
325:Imjin War
285:Muromachi
264:Genkō War
254:Jōkyū War
3697:Category
3512:Folklore
3410:Religion
3383:Japanese
3356:Gambling
3166:Maritime
3047:Politics
3028:Villages
2709:Ōnin War
2552:Military
2537:Economic
2471:articles
2386:Taiheiki
2043:Kamakura
2005:Nichiren
1983:sect of
1931:Kamakura
1912:brother
1818:kamikaze
1734:Nichiren
1710:period.
1708:Tokugawa
1695:nenbutsu
1686:Nichiren
1560:Mt. Hiei
1514:Nichiren
1478:Jōdo-shū
1417:Buddhist
1384:law—the
1323:and the
1299:Minamoto
1270:in 1203.
1257:Tōdai-ji
1213:stewards
1205:Monchūjo
1155:Fujiwara
1124:Kamakura
1051:Northern
963:Minamoto
942:Kamakura
875:Timeline
865:Glossary
836:Post-war
831:Politics
821:Military
794:Buddhism
746:Currency
247:Kamakura
86:a series
84:Part of
59:May 2020
3653:Theatre
3628:Origami
3555:Irezumi
3550:Ikebana
3517:Gardens
3492:Cuisine
3445:Culture
3430:Smoking
3366:Housing
3314:Society
3248:Economy
3191:Cabinet
3073:Emperor
3013:Regions
2998:Islands
2885:Postwar
2813:(noble)
2578:Ancient
2525:Shoguns
2497:History
2487:Outline
2091:9 March
2035:tsunami
2022:try to
2016:Mongols
1807:typhoon
1779:samurai
1764:Beijing
1648:Shinran
1618:samurai
1610:Shingon
1575:Shingon
1544:Shingon
1494:Shinran
1334:Shikken
1311:Shikken
1279:became
1047:Mongols
1045:of the
1039:Shikken
967:samurai
870:History
809:Judaism
756:Economy
122:Periods
47:improve
3638:Shinto
3560:Kawaii
3537:Hanami
3522:Geisha
3482:Cinema
3477:Bonsai
3395:People
3361:Health
3280:Energy
3161:Ground
3018:Rivers
2973:Cities
2811:Kazoku
2511:Lists
2469:
2426:
2409:
2394:
2375:
2344:.
2276:
2266:
2226:
2196:
2169:
2121:
2048:1333:
2003:1271:
1949:1207:
1942:1199:
1936:bakufu
1926:shōgun
1895:Events
1850:bakufu
1826:bakufu
1814:Shinto
1803:Kyūshū
1799:Hakata
1791:Korean
1789:, and
1768:Kublai
1726:Mongol
1671:Tendai
1667:Rinzai
1597:, and
1595:Sanron
1579:Tendai
1540:Saichō
1536:Tendai
1488:Rinzai
1411:Hōjōki
1373:shōgun
1352:shōgun
1346:Rensho
1340:Tokusō
1327:Rensho
1319:Tokusō
1304:shōgun
1282:shōgun
1265:Busshi
1222:shōgun
1129:bakufu
947:shōgun
846:Sports
814:Shinto
771:Empire
732:Topics
649:Heisei
495:Taishō
371:Sakoku
107:Shōgun
88:on the
36:, but
3633:Sport
3616:Sentō
3612:Onsen
3595:Names
3585:Music
3580:Media
3546:Icons
3527:Games
3462:Manga
3458:Anime
3435:Women
3336:Crime
3270:Labor
3100:LGBTQ
3023:Towns
3003:Lakes
2557:Naval
2520:Clans
2482:Index
2467:Japan
2065:Notes
1955:Kyoto
1951:Hōnen
1946:dies.
1846:Kyoto
1830:rōnin
1748:Heian
1728:-led
1690:Ippen
1659:Eisai
1655:Dōgen
1644:Hōnen
1629:Shōen
1614:Kyoto
1599:Ritsu
1591:Hossō
1587:Kegon
1548:Kūkai
1524:Ippen
1504:Dōgen
1500:sect.
1484:Eisai
1470:Hōnen
1394:Kyoto
1295:Taira
1268:Unkei
1238:Kyoto
1116:fiefs
996:Shugo
987:征夷大将軍
959:Taira
826:Naval
804:Islam
692:Reiwa
527:Shōwa
412:Meiji
214:Heian
186:Asuka
172:Kofun
158:Yayoi
145:Jōmon
3507:Flag
3496:wine
3223:list
3196:list
3078:list
2530:Wars
2515:Eras
2424:ISBN
2407:ISBN
2392:ISBN
2384:The
2373:ISBN
2274:OCLC
2264:ISBN
2224:ISBN
2194:ISBN
2167:ISBN
2119:ISBN
2093:2024
2041:and
2037:hit
2033:and
1981:Sōtō
1842:Hōjō
1840:The
1688:and
1681:kami
1665:and
1663:Sōtō
1657:and
1646:and
1552:Nara
1508:Sōtō
1343:and
1261:Nara
1073:and
1053:and
1013:Jitō
961:and
921:鎌倉時代
913:The
200:Nara
3663:Zen
3472:Art
3300:Yen
3171:Air
3119:Law
2306:doi
2018:of
1908:by
1787:Han
1620:..
1198:問注所
1149:by
1097:).
346:Edo
3714::
2352:.
2272:.
2208:^
2133:^
2101:^
1593:,
1589:,
1577:,
1259:,
1201:,
1183:,
1180:侍所
1165:,
1162:政所
1136:幕府
1085:.
1021:地頭
1004:守護
924:,
3498:)
3494:(
2459:e
2452:t
2445:v
2398:.
2379:.
2356:.
2312:.
2308::
2280:.
2232:.
2202:.
2175:.
2127:.
2095:.
2060:.
2011:.
1991:.
1972:(
1916:.
1520:.
1480:.
1209:)
1195:(
1191:)
1177:(
1173:)
1159:(
1133:(
1024:)
1018:(
1007:)
1001:(
990:)
984:(
918:(
902:e
895:t
888:v
72:)
66:(
61:)
57:(
43:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
