254:
411:
696:
visible colour on the glass. They were sharp but gave the typically "foggy" image of an uncoated lens with bright lighting. With the iris ring sitting inside the focussing ring it was impossible to focus at full aperture followed by stopping down, as this moved the point of focus. What makes these lenses interesting is their very compact "pancake" design. The concept of the makers was to offer a sharp Tessar-type lens of the simplest possible body construction, leaving out all progress made in this field since 1945. The most prominent lens is the 6-element 2.0/58mm "Helios" based on the pre-war Zeiss Biotar (US Patent 1,786,916 (W.Merté, 1930) Zenit also manufactures several
687:
like Foto-Quelle and
Neckermann. The main criticism of the USSR exporters at the time was that they could only supply hopelessly outdated equipment like the Zenit E that they had been directed to produce in quantity, despite having the capacity to produce more technically advanced products that might have been attractive to Western buyers. TOE were fighting a constant battle with their USSR-suppliers in this direction, having to fill the gap left by the excellent but not-for-export Soviet lenses which would have been a major selling-point, by a hodge-podge selection of second-rate mass-market optics from Japan, albeit under the "Helios" label.
812:
855:
954:
508:
1024:
788:
367:
596:
shots. The 1981 price was $ 110 usa. The
Russians believed that 58mm more closely matched the Human normal range than the standard 50mm used worldwide as a normal lens. It also had a T setting for timed exposures making it a good choice for yearly fireworks displays. The "T" setting locked the shutter open allowing a tripod mounted camera to be used with an index card to manually open for few bursts of fire works and then close and reset.
139:
500:
77:
36:
678:
their market-segment was saturated with second-hand equipment, so no major importer looked at them. One of the characteristics of Soviet camera manufacture was that the capability of its designers was well ahead of that of its policy-makers. The 20-year overdue replacement of the external selenium cell of the Zenit E by TTL-metering is said to be the work of an employee who made a conversion on his own accord.
516:
796:
804:
419:
375:
867:
253:
579:
had automatic exposure mode. Its shutter was sped up to achieve X-sync at 1/125. Each of these had its own bayonet mount ("mount 7" and "mount D" respectively) which helped to utilize the camera's most advanced features. There were plans to develop a full line of optics for these cameras but the new
677:
The Zenit-KM Plus was the final Zenit camera to be produced; as of 2005 all SLR camera production at the
Krasnogorsk factory ceased. These highly interesting ultimate Zeniths would have been major sellers on Western markets during the "SLR-decade" of the 1970s. However, they appeared at a time when
595:
The Zenit 12-XP With its Helios f2/58mm lens and cloth shutter was widely sold by US Eastern camera stores. Many with the Zenit name covered with their "USA" brand. This
Metallic re-badge was easy enough to gently pry off to see the true name Zenit. The TTL meter was fairly accurate and took decent
555:
Bessamatic-type mount with Compur-type iris-shutter near the lens elements. The poor durability and high manufacturing cost of this concept in contrast to the classical barebone Zenit design based on ultimate simplicity showed KMZ to have taken a wrong track: Nevertheless, the Zenit-5 was the first
686:
In the West, the success of the Zenit line can be focused on the United
Kingdom, primarily due to the marketing activity and service of TOE, and secondly the originally heavy UK tax-load of up to two-thirds on imported precision cameras. Substantial quantities were later sold by German discounters
438:
which saw (including its subtypes) over 12 million produced. A heavy and tough camera which gained a reputation of being ‘bomb proof’, with a mechanism that was of exceedingly simple design along the lines of "what isn't there, can't go wrong". Automatic diaphragm functionality was not available
401:
During the first years of production (until the Zenit-E of 1967) Zenit camera development coincided with that of the Zorki cameras. The Zenit-S had PC-synchro for external flash units (almost like the Zorki-S) and the Zenit-3M also had an RF-sibling, the Zorki-6. For an SLR, the
Pentaprism of all
695:
The original Zenit came with the sturdy click-stop four-element 3.5/50mm Zeiss Tessar copy under the "Industar" designation. Early aluminium variants made in several different bodies were finely blue-coated, whereas the later mass-produced black version was either partially or un-coated with no
607:
began. This was a camera with an original electromagnet-driven focal-plane shutter, M42 lens mount, and shutter speeds from 1 sec to 1/1000. X-sync at 1/60 or 1/125 (camera was modified during production). The camera has only manual shooting mode (with a TTL-meter and a needle indicator of the
446:
Towards the end of the 20th century, the Zenit-E heritage became an obstacle to the development of more modern Zenit models. This was because almost all low-end Zenits until the recent 412DX have been based on the Zenit-E die-cast chassis, complying with the local philosophy that a crude but
666:
camera), and the second (after the Zenit-5) motor-driven SLR camera built by KMZ. Shutter speeds range from 1/2000 to 1 sec (and up to 16 sec in Auto mode). X-sync is 1/125 sec, and the camera includes both manual shutter and aperture-priority modes as well as DX-coding from 50 to 3200
439:
until the introduction of the Zenit-EM, which used a direct mechanism linking the shutter release button to the aperture mechanism, significantly increasing the effort required to release the shutter. Production included both M39×1 and M42×1 mounts for the Zenit E and
394:). In transforming the Zorki into an SLR, the simplest approach was taken: the rangefinder housing was removed from the top and replaced by a plain ground-glass screen and prism; a mirror was added below with a lever operated mirror setting system and the
531:
mount, and even a knife for cutting-off part of the unexposed film. The photographer could choose between a pentaprism and waist-level finders. The grave disadvantage of the Start is blamed on lack of lenses; only one lens (the
402:
classical Zenits was undersize, with the viewfinder showing about two-thirds of the actual frame-size. On the Zenit-S the mirror setting lever mechanism of the original Zenit was replaced by a cord and pulley system.
350:
1020:, a normal lens and a Zenit adapted for the gunstock (recognizable by the s designation, Zenit-ES, 122s etc.). The camera is actually held in the same manner as a rifle; hence the name "Photosniper".
1016:
One oddity of the Zenit camera range is the so-called FotoSnaiper (or
Photosniper) kit, which consists of a case (either leather or metal) a gunstock and shoulderstock, filters, a 300 mm f4.5
655:. Its distinguishing feature was the introduction of a manual shutter mode in addition to aperture-priority. The original FZL-84 shutter was also changed to a licensed 'Copal Square' shutter.
353:. However, TOE's imported camera bodies as from 1963 retained the "Zenit" badges. The early Zorki-based models before that time were labelled "Zenith" in a handwritten style of script.
1097:
series. The edition comprised 500 units: fifty units with a black finish and 450 in silver. Russian firmware drives the camera, and the chassis was designed in
Krasnogorsk.
1113:
A second digital camera of an entirely new design is planned for release by 2020; also in collaboration with Leica. This camera will make use of a different lens line.
539:
With the success of the Zeiss-Ikon
Contaflex of the mid-1950s and its follow-ups in form of the Bessamatic, Retina- and Paxette-reflex, Zenit's next attempt was the
1256:
1225:
1150:
580:
shutter was too complicated and unreliable. Production was cancelled shortly after, and the only lens made for new mounts were the standard types. The
410:
1432:
700:
lenses in different focal lengths of which some were of 4-element pre-war Zeiss Sonnar design with the cemented second and ultra-fat third element.
1077:
expo, Zenit announced that it was resuming camera and lens production for the M-mount, as well as for unspecified Nikon and Canon mounts in 2019.
19:
This article is about the
Russian camera and photographic equipment brand. For the astronomic or geodetic instruments directed to the zenith, see
668:
426:
During 1967 through 1969 KMZ built an automatic die-cast moulding line, allowing mass camera production. Camera production switched to the
1133:. UPA-5 is a portable model which folds into a small suitcase. UPA-6 is a more sophisticated enlarger for producing color photo prints.
1347:
592:
utilized the same normal lens — a Helios-44 2/58. The Zenit-D is one of the rarest Zenit cameras — only 63 cameras were produced.
1130:
1126:
1105:
Two further M-mount Zenitar lenses are set for release circa March 2019: the Zenitar-M 21mm F/2.8 and the Zenitar-M 50mm F/1.0.
1437:
662:
of 2001. This is the second microprocessor-controlled camera in the Zenit range (the first one was the second variant of the
527:
in 1958. This camera had a full set of shutter speeds (from 1 sec to 1/1000), a lens with an automatic diaphragm in a unique
203:
640:. The camera was modified in 1988, to include shutter FZL-84 with vertical-travel metal curtains, and was reissued as the
1417:
1175:
175:
1372:
240:
222:
120:
63:
182:
102:
156:
49:
636:
and distributed freely) and a focal shutter with horizontal-travel cloth curtains. The only operation mode was
443:
models. Later models were only produced in the M42×1 with the Pentax K mount available for the latest models.
160:
87:
447:
affordable camera was better than no camera. The major events of the further development of Zenit-E line was:
189:
556:
electric motor-driven SLR camera in the world, and the first Soviet zoom lens (Rubin-1c 2.8/37–80, based on
171:
1352:
1309:
1292:
1275:
1244:
284:
434:
thread) and an instant-return mirror was also developed. This led to one of the most famous Zenits —
307:
1257:"Zenit M with 35mm F/1.0 Lens – Russian Legendary Brand Enters Digital Age – Interview and Footage"
1226:"Zenit M with 35mm F/1.0 Lens – Russian Legendary Brand Enters Digital Age – Interview and Footage"
1422:
1412:
1305:
Zenit M with 35mm F/1.0 Lens – Russian Legendary Brand Enters Digital Age – Interview and Footage
1288:
Zenit M with 35mm F/1.0 Lens – Russian Legendary Brand Enters Digital Age – Interview and Footage
1271:
Zenit M with 35mm F/1.0 Lens – Russian Legendary Brand Enters Digital Age – Interview and Footage
1240:
Zenit M with 35mm F/1.0 Lens – Russian Legendary Brand Enters Digital Age – Interview and Footage
567:
Following this, there were two more attempts to make high-end photographic equipment, namely the
149:
98:
1427:
1389:; however, if you ask a question in English (or any other language) you will receive an answer.
1337:
24:
608:
proper exposition in the viewfinder). The Zenit-19 was, perhaps, the top-of-the-line Soviet
488:
327:
196:
8:
1332:
533:
280:
55:
391:
94:
1397:
452:
315:
575:(1969). Both were based on the completely new cloth-curtain shutter construction. The
1342:
1094:
637:
461:
335:
331:
265:
1362:
987:
1151:"USSRPhoto.com - Russian / Soviet Cameras Wiki Catalog - MashPriborIntorg 1978"
625:
609:
471:
427:
395:
346:
1386:
1303:
1286:
1269:
1238:
811:
557:
552:
1406:
953:
629:
20:
854:
1357:
1200:
1090:
507:
464:
metering system (instead of a non-coupled Selenium-cell lightmeter) on the
304:
273:
1085:
The digital Zenit M camera was released in a limited edition set with the
1023:
787:
1017:
697:
603:) which was produced in very small quantities, in 1979 production of the
528:
1093:, and the digital components derived to some extent from the full-frame
845:
Zenit-VM, also known as Zenit-BM (identical to the EM but no lightmeter)
398:×1 thread mount was pushed forward to make room for the mirror inside.
523:
The first attempt to make high-end professional camera by KMZ was the
1074:
842:
Zenit-V, also known as Zenit-B (identical to the E but no lightmeter)
334:
for panoramic cameras. In the 1960s and 1970s, they were exported by
300:
671:. In 2004, the KM received some improvements and was renamed to the
366:
138:
105:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
1122:
536:-44 f2/58) was ever made for the proprietary Start mount directly.
499:
431:
1089:-M 35mm F/1.0 lens. The camera was produced in partnership with
1086:
859:
849:
440:
296:
515:
1348:
Soviet Start SLR Professional camera 1958-64 by Stephen Rothery
900:
795:
633:
292:
288:
276:
1382:
988:
Zenit-DF line (Minolta / Rokkor mount cameras made by Seagull)
803:
387:
311:
1327:
866:
480:
DX-code introduction (instead of manual ISO-speed switch) —
418:
414:
Zenit E with Helios 44-2 lens and selenium-cell lightmeter
374:
948:
782:
648:
was a cheaper version of the AM without the self-timer.
836:
1353:
USSRPhoto.com wiki catalog listing of all Zenit models
738:
1398:
http://vintagebystelios.blogspot.gr/p/zenit-122.html
913:
163:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
944:Zenit-MT-1 Surprise (half frame Zenit-19 variant)
345:in English, such as the manuals published by the
1404:
1143:
1125:as well. Some of the best known are the models
850:Cameras with TTL-metering and M42 thread mount
754:List of Zenit DKL-mount ("Байонет Ц") lenses:
929:
405:
1108:
901:Cameras with TTL-metering and Pentax K mount
823:Zenit-EM, Produced between 1972-1984 by KMZ.
1007:Zenit DF-300x, same as the Seagull DF-300x2
422:Zenit E with Helios 44-2 lens, made in 1971
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1001:Zenit DF-2ETM, same as the Seagull DF-2ETM
720:Zenit-S (S stands for flash sync, 1955–61)
241:Learn how and when to remove this message
223:Learn how and when to remove this message
121:Learn how and when to remove this message
1433:Technology companies established in 1952
1168:
1022:
1004:Zenit DF-300, same as the Seagull DF-300
952:
865:
853:
810:
802:
794:
786:
690:
615:
514:
506:
498:
417:
409:
373:
365:
252:
962:Zenit-Automat, also known as Zenit-Auto
681:
451:Introduction of an automatic 'jumping'
1405:
1358:Zenit cameras made in China by Seagull
949:Zenit-Ax line (Pentax K mount cameras)
783:Models with a Selenium cell lightmeter
734:Zenit-3M (modified Kristall, 1962–70)
519:Zenit-16 with vertical travel shutter
1343:Review of first Zenit by Rick Oleson
1338:Review of Zenit E by Stephen Dowling
1121:Zenit manufactured a large range of
998:Zenit DF-2, same as the Seagull DF-2
887:Zenit-122V, also known as Zenit-122B
837:Models without a Selenium lightmeter
599:After one more unsuccessful camera (
161:adding citations to reliable sources
132:
70:
29:
1041:FS-12 (Zenit-12, Zenit-TTL based)
487:The Zenit-E was also sold with the
13:
1054:Low Production and Prototype only
739:Zenit 4 line semiautomatic cameras
494:
390:rangefinder camera (a copy of the
310:cameras. Among related brands are
14:
1449:
1318:
1068:
957:Zenit-AM-2 camera and accessories
870:Zenit 412, one of the last models
45:This article has multiple issues.
914:Cameras with non-standard mounts
708:
703:
137:
75:
34:
777:
624:entered production. This had a
560:Zoomar design) featured in the
551:cameras. These were based on a
148:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
1297:
1280:
1263:
1249:
1232:
1218:
1193:
1011:
791:Zenit ET with Helios 44-2 lens
361:
341:The name is sometimes spelled
1:
1438:1952 establishments in Russia
658:The most recent model is the
1385:features a Russian-language
1136:
1116:
1100:
378:Zenit-S (Synchronized), 1955
7:
1383:The KMZ R&D Center site
1373:Zenit 122 manual in Spanish
1050:FS-412 (Zenit-412DX based)
858:Zenit-TTL, version sold in
299:since the 1970s. The Zenit
101:the claims made and adding
10:
1454:
1418:Single-lens reflex cameras
1176:"Zenit SLR Camera Manuals"
1080:
1044:FS-12-3 (Zenit-12xp based)
930:M42 semi-automatic cameras
731:Kristall/Crystal (1961–62)
628:(which was proposed as an
406:Zenit-E and its successors
356:
314:(Watchful) for 35 mm
18:
1333:Complete KMZ cameras list
1109:Zenit-Leica Collaboration
1047:FS-122 (Zenit-122 based)
983:Zenit 14 (also semi-auto)
941:Zenit-18 automatic camera
511:Zenit-4 with leaf shutter
269:
1363:Zenit Cameras. Genealogy
370:Zenit, first model, 1952
1038:FS-3 (Zenit-E based)
1035:FS-2 (FED RF based)
1028:
958:
881:Zenit-12xp, Zenit-12sd
871:
863:
816:
808:
800:
792:
520:
512:
504:
430:thread (also known as
423:
415:
379:
371:
279:brand manufactured by
258:
25:Zenit (disambiguation)
23:. For other uses, see
1180:www.commiecameras.com
1026:
956:
869:
857:
814:
806:
798:
790:
773:Rubin-1Ц 37-80mm f2.8
767:Jupiter-25Ц 85mm f2.8
691:Standard Zenit Lenses
651:Next in line was the
616:Pentax-K mount series
518:
510:
502:
421:
413:
377:
369:
256:
16:Soviet camera company
764:Helios-65Ц 52mm f2.8
682:Soviet Export Policy
489:Moscow 1980 Olympics
330:folding cameras and
157:improve this article
770:Tair-38Ц 133mm f2.8
316:rangefinder cameras
303:is associated with
172:"Zenit" camera
1031:Production Models
1029:
959:
872:
864:
817:
809:
801:
793:
521:
513:
505:
424:
416:
380:
372:
291:since 1952 and by
259:
86:possibly contains
1155:www.ussrphoto.com
1095:Leica M (Typ 240)
994:
723:Zenit-3 (1960–62)
638:aperture-priority
470:Switching to the
386:was based on the
338:to 74 countries.
251:
250:
243:
233:
232:
225:
207:
131:
130:
123:
88:original research
68:
1445:
1312:
1306:
1301:
1295:
1289:
1284:
1278:
1272:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1253:
1247:
1241:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1147:
1073:During the 2018
992:
761:Vega-3 50mm f2.8
758:Mir-1Ц 37mm f2.8
336:Mashpriborintorg
271:
246:
239:
228:
221:
217:
214:
208:
206:
165:
141:
133:
126:
119:
115:
112:
106:
103:inline citations
79:
78:
71:
60:
38:
37:
30:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1443:
1442:
1403:
1402:
1328:Homepage of KMZ
1321:
1316:
1315:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1259:. October 2018.
1255:
1254:
1250:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1228:. October 2018.
1224:
1223:
1219:
1209:
1207:
1205:www.subclub.org
1199:
1198:
1194:
1184:
1182:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1159:
1157:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1139:
1119:
1111:
1103:
1083:
1071:
1027:Photosniper 12S
1014:
990:
951:
932:
916:
903:
852:
839:
785:
780:
741:
717:Zenit (1953–56)
713:Bottom Loading
711:
706:
693:
684:
618:
497:
495:Advanced models
408:
364:
359:
349:Zenit-importer
283:in the town of
257:ZENIT 12SD (XP)
247:
236:
235:
234:
229:
218:
212:
209:
166:
164:
154:
142:
127:
116:
110:
107:
92:
80:
76:
39:
35:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1451:
1441:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1423:Soviet cameras
1420:
1415:
1413:Russian brands
1401:
1400:
1391:
1390:
1376:
1375:
1366:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1320:
1319:External links
1317:
1314:
1313:
1296:
1279:
1262:
1248:
1231:
1217:
1192:
1167:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1118:
1115:
1110:
1107:
1102:
1099:
1082:
1079:
1070:
1069:Digital models
1067:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1052:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
989:
986:
985:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
950:
947:
946:
945:
942:
939:
936:
931:
928:
927:
926:
923:
920:
915:
912:
911:
910:
907:
902:
899:
898:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
876:
851:
848:
847:
846:
843:
838:
835:
834:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
784:
781:
779:
776:
775:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
759:
752:
751:
748:
745:
740:
737:
736:
735:
732:
725:
724:
721:
718:
710:
707:
705:
702:
692:
689:
683:
680:
626:Pentax K mount
617:
614:
610:M42 lens mount
496:
493:
485:
484:
478:
472:Pentax K mount
468:
459:
407:
404:
363:
360:
358:
355:
249:
248:
231:
230:
145:
143:
136:
129:
128:
83:
81:
74:
69:
43:
42:
40:
33:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1450:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1428:Soviet brands
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1388:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1379:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1324:
1311:
1307:
1300:
1294:
1290:
1283:
1277:
1273:
1266:
1258:
1252:
1246:
1242:
1235:
1227:
1221:
1206:
1202:
1196:
1181:
1177:
1171:
1156:
1152:
1146:
1142:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1114:
1106:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1078:
1076:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1032:
1025:
1021:
1019:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
996:
995:
982:
980:Zenit-KM plus
979:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
960:
955:
943:
940:
937:
934:
933:
924:
921:
918:
917:
908:
905:
904:
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
873:
868:
861:
856:
844:
841:
840:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
818:
813:
805:
797:
789:
772:
769:
766:
763:
760:
757:
756:
755:
749:
746:
743:
742:
733:
730:
729:
728:
722:
719:
716:
715:
714:
709:Early cameras
704:Camera models
701:
699:
688:
679:
675:
674:
673:Zenit-KM Plus
670:
665:
664:Zenit-automat
661:
656:
654:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
630:open standard
627:
623:
622:Zenit-automat
613:
611:
606:
602:
597:
593:
591:
587:
583:
578:
574:
570:
565:
563:
559:
554:
550:
546:
542:
537:
535:
530:
526:
517:
509:
501:
492:
490:
483:
479:
477:
473:
469:
467:
463:
460:
458:
454:
450:
449:
448:
444:
442:
437:
433:
429:
420:
412:
403:
399:
397:
393:
389:
385:
376:
368:
354:
352:
348:
344:
339:
337:
333:
329:
328:medium-format
325:
324:Iskra (Spark)
322:(Moscow) and
321:
317:
313:
309:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
275:
267:
263:
255:
245:
242:
227:
224:
216:
205:
202:
198:
195:
191:
188:
184:
181:
177:
174: –
173:
169:
168:Find sources:
162:
158:
152:
151:
146:This article
144:
140:
135:
134:
125:
122:
114:
104:
100:
96:
90:
89:
84:This article
82:
73:
72:
67:
65:
58:
57:
52:
51:
46:
41:
32:
31:
26:
22:
21:Zenith camera
1392:
1377:
1367:
1322:
1299:
1282:
1265:
1251:
1234:
1220:
1208:. Retrieved
1204:
1195:
1183:. Retrieved
1179:
1170:
1158:. Retrieved
1154:
1145:
1120:
1112:
1104:
1084:
1072:
1053:
1030:
1015:
991:
778:Zenit-E line
753:
727:Hinged Back
726:
712:
694:
685:
676:
672:
663:
659:
657:
652:
650:
645:
641:
621:
620:In 1984 the
619:
604:
600:
598:
594:
589:
585:
581:
576:
572:
568:
566:
561:
548:
544:
540:
538:
524:
522:
486:
481:
475:
465:
456:
445:
435:
425:
400:
383:
381:
342:
340:
323:
319:
261:
260:
237:
219:
210:
200:
193:
186:
179:
167:
155:Please help
150:verification
147:
117:
108:
85:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
1378:In Russian
1368:In Spanish
1323:In English
1018:Tair-3 lens
1012:Photosniper
896:Zenit-412LS
893:Zenit-412DX
571:(1968) and
558:Voigtländer
553:Voigtländer
529:breech-lock
482:Zenit-412DX
362:Early years
285:Krasnogorsk
1407:Categories
909:Zenit-212K
906:Zenit-122K
890:Zenit-312m
807:Zenit 12xp
476:Zenit-122K
382:The above
305:35 mm
183:newspapers
111:March 2010
95:improve it
50:improve it
1393:In Greek
1137:Citations
1123:enlargers
1117:Enlargers
1101:Zenitar-M
1075:Photokina
974:Zenit-APK
971:Zenit-APM
968:Zenit-AM2
884:Zenit-122
875:Zenit-TTL
862:countries
815:Zenit TTL
653:Zenit-APK
646:Zenit-AM2
503:Zenit 122
466:Zenit-TTL
453:diaphragm
301:trademark
213:June 2007
99:verifying
56:talk page
977:Zenit-KM
965:Zenit-AM
938:Zenit-19
935:Zenit-16
878:Zenit-12
832:Zenit-11
829:Zenit-10
826:Zenit-ET
660:Zenit-KM
642:Zenit-AM
612:camera.
605:Zenit-19
601:Zenit-16
543:(1964),
491:emblem.
457:Zenit-EM
432:Praktica
392:Leica II
1310:YouTube
1293:YouTube
1276:YouTube
1245:YouTube
1201:"CHINA"
1087:Zenitar
1081:Zenit M
925:Zenit-D
922:Zenit-7
860:comecon
820:Zenit-E
799:Zenit-E
750:Zenit 6
747:Zenit 5
744:Zenit 4
590:Zenit-D
586:Zenit-7
577:Zenit-D
573:Zenit-D
569:Zenit-7
562:Zenit-6
541:Zenit-4
455:on the
441:Zenit B
436:Zenit-E
357:History
332:Horizon
297:Belarus
272:) is a
266:Russian
197:scholar
93:Please
1210:21 May
1185:21 May
1160:21 May
993:Source
644:. The
634:Pentax
534:Helios
343:Zenith
320:Moskva
293:BelOMO
289:Moscow
277:camera
274:Soviet
270:Зени́т
199:
192:
185:
178:
170:
1387:forum
1131:UPA-6
1127:UPA-5
1091:Leica
1061:FS-4M
919:Start
582:Start
525:Start
428:M42×1
388:Zorki
384:Zenit
312:Zorki
287:near
262:Zenit
204:JSTOR
190:books
1212:2017
1187:2017
1162:2017
1129:and
1064:FS-5
1058:FS-4
698:Tair
588:and
547:and
326:for
176:news
1308:on
1291:on
1274:on
1243:on
669:ISO
632:by
462:TTL
396:M39
351:TOE
308:SLR
295:in
281:KMZ
159:by
97:by
1409::
1203:.
1178:.
1153:.
584:,
564:.
549:-6
545:-5
474:—
347:UK
318:,
268::
59:.
1214:.
1189:.
1164:.
264:(
244:)
238:(
226:)
220:(
215:)
211:(
201:·
194:·
187:·
180:·
153:.
124:)
118:(
113:)
109:(
91:.
66:)
62:(
27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
