29:
304:
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Zoe was a mistress of Leo VI; they married on 9 January 906, after she had given birth to the future
Constantine VII at the end of 905. Some have speculated that this marriage may have been influenced by Leo VI's desire for a son, while others have suggested he may have been driven to marry due to
267:
reluctantly baptized
Constantine, he forbade the emperor from marrying for the fourth time. Leo VI married Zoe with the assistance of a cooperative priest, Thomas, but Nicholas' continued opposition to the marriage led to his removal from office and replacement by
322:, including the recognition of his imperial title and the arranged marriage between his daughter and Constantine VII. This renewed the war with Bulgaria, which began badly for the Byzantines who were distracted by military operations in Southern
365:
against Simeon. This also failed to produce any concrete results, and the Arabs, encouraged by the empire's weakness, renewed their raids. A humiliating treaty with the
292:
in
Constantinople after obtaining the promise of the senate and the clergy not to accept her as empress. However, Nicholas' unpopular concessions to the
334:, and made peace with the Arabs. This freed her hands to organize a major expedition against the Bulgarians, who had raided deep into Byzantine
285:
1551:
1383:
638:
1561:
1576:
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In 919, there was a coup involving various factions, but the opposition to Zoe and Leo Phokas prevailed; in the end the admiral
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284:, who recalled Nicholas Mystikos and expelled Zoe from the palace. Shortly before his death, Alexander provoked a
272:
in 907. The new patriarch attempted a compromise by defrocking the offending priest but recognizing the marriage.
1160:
369:, who were asked to help subdue revolts in Italy, did little to improve the position of Zoe and her supporters.
1135:
1064:
573:
505:. Pen and Sword. "Zoe Karbonopsina was brought back from her cloister and appointed chief regent for her son.”
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later in the same year weakened his position and in 914 Zoe was able to overthrow
Nicholas and replace him as
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religious feelings of guilt after he had made laws promoting marriage as an important institution.
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350:
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250:
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Leo VI and the
Transformation of Byzantine Christian Identity: Writings of an Unexpected Emperor
303:
28:
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358:
293:
288:. Zoe returned upon Alexander's death in 913, but Nicholas forced her to enter the convent of
1353:
1291:
1222:
1079:
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183:
1510:
indicates a consort to an emperor variously regarded as either legitimate or a usurper, and
1454:
1373:
1232:
1140:
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773:
736:
354:
342:. The campaign was planned on a grand scale and intended the bribing and transportation of
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8:
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1415:
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1338:
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300:. Nicholas was allowed to remain patriarch after reluctantly recognizing her as empress.
269:
1405:
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1185:
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407:
Faiths Across Time: 5,000 Years of
Religious History : 5,000 Years of Religious History
318:, who was her favorite. Zoe's first order of business was to revoke the concessions to
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However, the
Pecheneg alliance failed, and Leo Phokas was crushingly defeated in the
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Zoe governed with the support of imperial bureaucrats and the influential general
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In any case, this was Leo VI's fourth marriage and was therefore un-
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253:, which had already been reluctant to accept his third marriage to
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When Leo died in 912, he was succeeded by his younger brother
947:
666:
522:
The
Inheritance of Rome: A History of Europe from 400 to 1000
456:
326:
and on the eastern frontier. In 915 Zoe's troops defeated an
323:
385:
to
Constantine VII, and forced Zoe back into the convent of
327:
205:. She was the fourth spouse of the Byzantine Emperor
346:
into Bulgaria by the imperial fleet from the north.
546:Constantinou, Stavroula; Meyer, Mati (2018-09-17).
188:
646:
545:
1523:
472:Brubaker, Leslie; Tougher, Shaun (2016-04-08).
471:
632:
225:family. She was a relative of the chronicler
1506:indicates a consort to a junior co-emperor,
213:, serving as his regent from 913 until 919.
158:
639:
625:
33:Zoe and her son, emperor Constantine VII.
27:
549:Emotions and Gender in Byzantine Culture
302:
518:
1524:
427:
357:, both in 917. Zoe tried to ally with
620:
428:Riedel, Meredith L. D. (2018-08-23).
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495:
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421:
419:
39:minted during Zoe's regency, 913–919
13:
475:Approaches to the Byzantine Family
14:
1593:
492:
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381:took power, married his daughter
257:, who died in childbirth in 901.
221:Zoe Karbonopsina was born into a
1552:10th-century Byzantine empresses
577:, Oxford University Press, 1991.
1562:Mistresses of Byzantine royalty
1577:10th-century empresses consort
574:Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
539:
512:
503:Fighting Emperors of Byzantium
465:
448:
434:. Cambridge University Press.
399:
310:recalls his mother from exile.
1:
1572:Mothers of Byzantine emperors
1514:incidates an empress regnant.
519:Wickham, Chris (2009-01-29).
392:
372:
216:
1344:Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamatera
454:Marina Belozerskaya (2012).
7:
229:and a niece of the admiral
189:
10:
1598:
1557:10th-century women regents
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236:
55:9 January 906 – 11 May 912
1501:
1468:
1379:Elena Asenina of Bulgaria
1097:
1018:
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880:Flavia Maximiana Theodora
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599:Byzantine Empress consort
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139:Chalcedonian Christianity
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26:
21:
405:J. Gordon Melton. 2014.
227:Theophanes the Confessor
168:with the Coal-Black Eyes
1297:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
903:Flavia Julia Constantia
251:Eastern Orthodox Church
820:Marcia Otacilia Severa
311:
1384:Theodora Palaiologina
1354:Anna Komnene Angelina
1292:Catherine of Bulgaria
1223:Eudokia Dekapolitissa
692:Agrippina the Younger
306:
1582:10th-century regents
1455:Sophia of Montferrat
1374:Anna of Hohenstaufen
1233:Theophano Martinakia
1141:Theodora of Khazaria
774:Julia Cornelia Paula
737:Faustina the Younger
355:Battle of Katasyrtai
320:Simeon I of Bulgaria
316:Leo Phokas the Elder
1537:10th-century deaths
1433:Keratsa of Bulgaria
1416:Helena Kantakouzene
1396:Irene of Montferrat
1359:Philippa of Armenia
1339:Margaret of Hungary
1191:Theophano of Athens
1010:Julius Nepos's wife
825:Herennia Etruscilla
648:Roman and Byzantine
351:Battle of Anchialus
249:in the eyes of the
1542:Macedonian dynasty
1532:9th-century births
1460:Maria of Trebizond
1426:Irene Palaiologina
1406:Irene of Brunswick
1364:Maria of Courtenay
1324:Bertha of Sulzbach
732:Faustina the Elder
707:Statilia Messalina
501:John Carr (2015).
312:
209:and the mother of
67:Sometime after 919
1547:Byzantine regents
1519:
1518:
1488:Byzantine emperor
1317:Dobrodeia of Kiev
1093:
1092:
897:Valeria Maximilla
835:Cornelia Salonina
789:Sallustia Orbiana
615:
614:
606:Succeeded by
559:978-3-319-96038-8
532:978-0-14-190853-3
485:978-1-317-18001-2
441:978-1-107-05307-6
379:Romanos Lekapenos
367:Emirate of Sicily
353:and again at the
286:war with Bulgaria
265:Nicholas Mystikos
187:
144:
143:
46:Byzantine empress
16:Byzantine empress
1589:
1438:Irene Gattilusio
1349:Eudokia Angelina
1329:Maria of Antioch
1312:Irene of Hungary
1248:Zoe Karbonopsina
1228:Eudokia Ingerina
1101:Byzantine Empire
964:
963:
809:Caecilia Paulina
767:Fulvia Plautilla
757:Manlia Scantilla
747:Bruttia Crispina
682:Milonia Caesonia
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203:Byzantine Empire
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190:Zōē Karbōnopsina
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147:Zoe Karbonopsina
31:
22:Zoe Karbonopsina
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18:
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1596:
1592:
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1587:
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1567:Constantine VII
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1521:
1520:
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1497:
1464:
1401:Rita of Armenia
1389:Anna of Hungary
1369:Irene Laskarina
1334:Agnes of France
1302:Maria of Alania
1253:Helena Lekapene
1103:
1100:
1089:
1022:
1014:
998:Marcia Euphemia
993:Licinia Eudoxia
970:
962:
953:Aelia Flaccilla
875:Galeria Valeria
857:
849:
830:Cornelia Supera
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793:
722:Pompeia Plotina
717:Domitia Longina
712:Galeria Fundana
697:Claudia Octavia
672:Livia Orestilla
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651:
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609:Helena Lekapene
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404:
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383:Helena Lekapene
375:
308:Constantine VII
278:
239:
219:
211:Constantine VII
207:Leo VI the Wise
179:Ζωὴ Καρβωνοψίνα
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167:
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117:Constantine VII
115:
103:Leo VI the Wise
94:
84:
40:
17:
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1307:Irene Doukaina
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1275:
1270:
1265:
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1255:
1250:
1245:
1243:Eudokia Baïana
1240:
1238:Zoe Zaoutzaina
1235:
1230:
1225:
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1188:
1183:
1181:Maria of Amnia
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784:Annia Faustina
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779:Aquilia Severa
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752:Flavia Titiana
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729:
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702:Poppaea Sabina
699:
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677:Lollia Paulina
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660:27 BC – AD 235
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603:906–912
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592:Eudokia Baïana
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525:. Penguin UK.
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255:Eudokia Baïana
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1477:
1476:Roman emperor
1474:
1473:
1471:
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1453:
1450:
1449:
1444:
1443:Helena Dragaš
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1421:Irene Asanina
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1411:Anna of Savoy
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
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1221:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
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1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
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1179:
1177:
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1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
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1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1111:Fabia Eudokia
1109:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1096:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1075:Ino Anastasia
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1035:Aelia Eudocia
1033:
1031:
1030:Aelia Eudoxia
1028:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1005:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
975:
973:
969:
965:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
928:Marina Severa
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
898:
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892:
889:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
862:
860:
856:
852:
846:
845:Magnia Urbica
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
810:
807:
806:
804:
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584:Royal titles
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551:
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523:
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481:
478:. Routledge.
477:
476:
468:
461:
457:
451:
443:
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402:
398:
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368:
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352:
347:
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338:and captured
337:
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271:
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260:Although the
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151:Karvounopsina
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140:
137:
133:
130:
127:
125:
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107:
104:
101:
97:
92:
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83:
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76:Monastery of
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50:
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43:
38:
37:
30:
25:
20:
1511:
1507:
1503:
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1424:
1387:
1315:
1284:
1277:
1247:
1215:
1173:
1165:
1002:
895:
815:Tranquillina
765:
727:Vibia Sabina
597:
571:
552:. Springer.
548:
541:
521:
514:
502:
474:
467:
455:
450:
430:
406:
401:
376:
348:
330:invasion of
313:
290:St. Euphemia
279:
259:
244:
240:
220:
155:Carbonopsina
154:
150:
146:
145:
85:(modern-day
78:St. Euphemia
34:
1508:underlining
1080:Constantina
762:Julia Domna
1526:Categories
1211:Euphrosyne
983:Thermantia
943:Constantia
657:Principate
393:References
373:Later life
340:Adrianople
294:Bulgarians
217:Early life
193:), was an
129:Macedonian
1263:Theophano
1201:Theodosia
1176:of Athens
1131:Anastasia
1040:Pulcheria
885:Minervina
687:Messalina
650:empresses
344:Pechenegs
282:Alexander
270:Euthymios
262:Patriarch
247:canonical
184:romanized
1493:Augustae
1469:See also
1286:Theodora
1268:Theodora
1258:Theodora
1217:Theodora
1196:Prokopia
1186:Theodote
1121:Gregoria
1104:610–1453
1099:Eastern/
1065:Theodora
1060:Euphemia
1004:Placidia
913:Faustina
870:Eutropia
855:Dominate
411:Page 628
387:Euphemia
361:and the
231:Himerios
135:Religion
87:Istanbul
1504:Italics
1161:Eudokia
1151:Tzitzak
1136:Eudokia
1116:Martina
1085:Leontia
1055:Zenonis
1050:Ariadne
1023:395–610
971:395–480
938:Domnica
933:Justina
923:Charito
908:Eusebia
858:284–610
802:235–285
742:Lucilla
363:Magyars
332:Armenia
276:Regency
237:Empress
201:of the
195:empress
186::
162:
149:, also
124:Dynasty
36:Solidus
1273:Helena
1206:Thekla
1126:Fausta
1070:Sophia
1045:Verina
918:Helena
891:Fausta
865:Prisca
799:Crisis
556:
529:
507:P. 146
482:
438:
359:Serbia
336:Thrace
298:regent
199:regent
99:Spouse
91:Turkey
72:Burial
52:Tenure
1174:Irene
1156:Maria
1146:Maria
978:Maria
958:Galla
948:Laeta
667:Livia
460:P. 53
324:Italy
223:Greek
175:Greek
110:Issue
1512:bold
1481:list
1445:(w.
1423:(w.
1386:(w.
1314:(w.
1167:Anna
764:(w.
572:The
554:ISBN
527:ISBN
480:ISBN
436:ISBN
328:Arab
197:and
159:lit.
114:Anna
64:Died
1279:Zoë
887:(?)
811:(?)
153:or
1528::
494:^
458:.
418:^
409:.
389:.
233:.
181:,
177::
157:,
89:,
80:,
1451:)
1429:)
1392:)
1320:)
770:)
640:e
633:t
626:v
562:.
535:.
509:.
488:.
462:.
444:.
413:.
173:(
171:'
165:'
93:)
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