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settlement in the area some time before the reign of
Romuald as Duke in Benevento and Grimoald as king in Pavia. Furthermore, this is supported by the fact that the Longobards had no control of the Ravennate lands until the second half of the 8th century, meaning that Grimoald would have been unable to settle them in this area without Byzantine approval, which would be strange as Costans II was in the midst of a disastrous Italian campaign against the Southern Longobards.
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Researchers have, in the past, claimed one identification of both historical figures. They have suggested that Alzeco might be identified with the Bulgar leader
Alciocus of the Fredegar chronicle. This notion, however, must surmount a significant chronological contradiction, and it is possible that
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It is very probable that Paul the Deacon confused the settlement of Alzeco/Alciocus in the Molise after his flight from
Dagobert I with another event about 50 years later, specifically the settlement of one of Kubrat's/Kurt's unnamed sons around Ravenna, most likely as a form of protection against
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In any case, it seems more likely that the "Vulgares" that settled in the Molise are more likely to refer to the men of
Alciocus, as most of the tombs excavated at Campochiaro can be dated around the middle of the 7th century, with some being certainly earlier or later. This would indicate a
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Istvan
Zimonyi, Muslim Sources on the Magyars in the Second Half of the 9th Century: The Magyar Chapter of the Jayhānī Tradition, East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450-1450, BRILL, 2015, p.
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for a piece of land to settle in. The king at first allowed them some land, but one night he ordered his army to slaughter the
Bulgars. Only 700 out of 9,000 survived the slaughter and fled for protection to
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the
Longobards for the nominally Byzantine Exarchate. The name of the leader of this group is completely unknown, although the settlement may have been known thanks to Byzantine records in the Exarchate.
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Human graves of a steppe-nomadic character as well as horse burials datable to the second half of the eighth century attest to the presence of
Pannonian peoples in the
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Istvan
Zimonyi, Muslim Sources on the Magyars in the Second Half of the 9th Century: The Magyar Chapter of the Jayhānī Tradition, BRILL, 2015, p. 249.
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Daniel
Ziemann, Vom Wandervolk zur Grossmacht: die Entstehung Bulgariens im frühen Mittelalter (7.-9. Jahrhundert), Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar, 2007,
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Although only three of Kubrat's sons are mentioned by name it has been suggested that Kubrat gave the name Alzeco to one of his other two sons.
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Gli Àvari. Un popolo d'oriente nell'Europa dell'Alto Medioevo Bóna, István. (2000) - In: L'oro degli Avari. Popolo delle steppe in Europa S. 10
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Bòna, Istvàn, (2000) Gli Àvari. Un popolo d'oriente nell'Europa dell'Alto Medioevo - In: L'oro degli Avari. Popolo delle steppe in Europa S. 10
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93:. Under the leadership of Alzeco, the Bulgars (called "Vulgars" by Paul) came to Italy in Benevento, where they settled in the Molise region.
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called Alciocus who was the leader of Bulgar hordes of the Avar Khanganate, is also known. The main source for these events is the medieval
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Panos Sophoulis, Byzantium and Bulgaria, 775-831, Volume 16 of East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450-1450, BRILL, 2011,
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I Bulgari trasmigrati in Italia nei secoli VI e VII dell’era volgare e loro speciale diffusione nel Sannio
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The History of the Papal States: From Their Origin to the Present Day, Volume 2 Page 156 By John Miley
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3 shows the Bulgars of Alzeco moving along Italy. 4 shows the earlier Pannonian Bulgars of Alciocus.
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After the departure of Alciocus, Kubrat established peace between the Avars and Byzantium in 632.
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places a settlement in his history of the migration of the Bulgars in the area of the
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The Cambridge Medieval History Series volumes 1-5, Plantagenet Publishing.
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and led the Bulgars to Ravenna that later settled in the villages of
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I Bulgari stanziati nelle terre d'Italia nell'Alto Medio Evo
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117:. Alciocus fled with 9,000 Bulgars to
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248:. In the lifetime of
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289:. Campobasso, 1933..
214:King of the Lombards
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481:by Vincenzo D'Amico
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236:Italian archaeology
121:where he asked the
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256:Alzeco as Alciocus
226:Duchy of Benevento
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75:Old Great Bulgaria
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133:king of the
101:The earlier
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489:Categories
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398:3412091065
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126:Dagobert I
495:Dulo clan
109:. In 623
377:Archived
246:Campania
218:Grimoald
97:Alciocus
453:p. 108.
402:p. 133.
273:Sources
230:gastald
222:Ravenna
119:Bavaria
79:Bulgars
54:in the
52:Isernia
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242:Molise
144:Alzeco
103:Khagan
48:Boiano
44:Sepino
36:Kubrat
32:Alzeco
300:Notes
135:Wends
131:Valuk
28:Alcek
18:Alzec
447:ISBN
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