642:, Facebook announced in March 2019 that it would provide users with "authoritative information" on the topic of vaccines. Facebook introduced several policies chosen to reduce the impact of anti-vaccine content, without actually removing it. These included reducing the ranking of anti-vaccine sources in searches and not recommending them; rejecting ads and targeted advertising that contained vaccine misinformation; and using banners to present vaccine information from authoritative sources. A study examined the six months before and after the policy changes. It found a moderate but significant decrease in the number of likes for anti-vaccine posts following the policy changes. Likes of pro-vaccine posts were unchanged. Facebook has been criticized for not being more aggressive in countering disinformation. In response to efforts to police misinformation, anti-vaccine communities on social media have adopted coded language to refer to vaccinated persons and the vaccines themselves.
161:, two medical historians suggested that the arguments made against the safety and effectiveness of vaccines in the late 20th century are similar to those of the early anti-vaccinationists. Both the 19th and 20th century arguments included "vaccine safety issues, vaccine failures, infringement of personal liberty, and an unholy alliance between the medical establishment and the government to reap huge profits for the medical establishment at the expense of the public." However, the authors only considered the use of "newspaper articles and letters, books, journals, and pamphlets to warn against the dangers of vaccination", and did not address the impact of the internet. Comments on YouTube videos during the COVID-19 pandemic clustered similarly around "concerns about side-effects, effectiveness, and lack of trust in corporations and government".
33:
829:, including from parents who alleged that their children had died through the procedure, and complaining that these petitions had not been made public. The journal reported the formation of the Anti-Compulsory Vaccination League "To overthrow this huge piece of physiological absurdity and medical tyranny", and quoted Richard Gibbs (a cousin of John Gibbs) who ran the Free Hospital at the same address as stating "I believe we have hundreds of cases here, from being poisoned with vaccination, I deem incurable. One member of a family dating syphilitic symptoms from the time of vaccination, when all the other members of the family have been clear. We strongly advise parents to go to prison, rather than submit to have their helpless offspring inoculated with scrofula, syphilis, and mania".
905:
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infected) and 5,520 cases (2.75% of the population) of measles in Samoa. Sixty-one out of the first 70 deaths were four years old and under, and all but seven were under 15. After the outbreak, anti-vaxxers employed racist tropes and misinformation to credit the scores of measles deaths to poverty and poor nutrition or even to the vaccine itself, but this has been discounted by the international emergency medical support that arrived in
November and December. There was no evidence of acute malnutrition, clinical vitamin A deficiency, or immune deficiency as claimed by various anti-vaxxers.
764:, the earliest arguments against vaccination, were soon advanced. For example, in a 1722 sermon entitled "The Dangerous and Sinful Practice of Inoculation", the English theologian Reverend Edmund Massey argued that diseases are sent by God to punish sin and that any attempt to prevent smallpox via inoculation is a "diabolical operation". It was customary at the time for popular preachers to publish sermons, which reached a wide audience. This was the case with Massey, whose sermon reached North America, where there was early religious opposition, particularly by
1364:, asserted that he and other American scientists who publicly defend vaccines have been attacked on social media, harassed with threatening emails, intimidated, and confronted physically by opponents of vaccination. He further attributes the increase in aggressiveness of the anti-vaccination movement to the influence of the extreme wing of the Republican Party. Hotez estimates that roughly 200,000 preventable deaths from COVID-19, mainly among Republicans, occurred in the US because of refusal to be vaccinated. A 2023 study published in the
618:" of disinformation can be effective, at least in the short term. Elements that may help to correct inaccurate information include: warning people before they are exposed to misinformation; high perceived credibility of message sources, affirmations of identity and social norms; graphical presentation; and focusing attention on clear core messages. Alternative explanations of a situation need to fit plausibly into the original scenario and ideally indicate why the incorrect explanation was previously thought to be correct.
229:, which can prevent some types of cancer. Anti-vaccine posts were more likely than pro-vaccine posts to be sent by non-healthcare individuals, to include personal narratives, and to reference other Instagram users, links, or reposts. Anti-vaccine posts were also more likely to involve concealment or distortion, particularly conspiracy theories and unsubstantiated claims. In total, 72.3% of antivaccine posts made inaccurate claims, including exaggerating the risks of vaccines and minimizing risks of disease.
591:, Hotez describes how he and other scientists who publicly defend vaccines have been attacked on social media, harassed with threatening emails, intimidated, and confronted physically by opponents of vaccination. He attributes the increase in aggressiveness of the anti-vaccination movement to the influence of the extreme wing of the Republican Party. Hotez estimates that roughly 200,000 preventable deaths from COVID-19, mainly among Republicans, occurred in the US because of refusal to be vaccinated.
1281:, anti-vaccine activists undertook various efforts to hinder people who wanted to receive the vaccines, with such activities occurring in countries including Australia, Israel, the United Kingdom, and the United States. These included attempts to physically blockade vaccination sites, and making false reservations for vaccination appointments to clog up vaccination booking systems. Protests were also organized by the activists to raise awareness for their cause.
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795:"Such are the falsehoods which impede the progress of the brightest discovery which has ever been made! But the contest is in vain! Time has drawn aside the veil which obstructed our knowledge of this invaluable blessing; and in the examples of the Emperor of Constantinople, of the Dowager Empress of Russia, and the King of Spain, we may date the downfall of further opposition."
631:
disinformation. Other possibilities include flagging or removing misleading information on social media platforms. Research suggests that a majority of individuals in the United States would support the removal of harmful misinformation posts and the suspension of accounts. This position is less popular with
Republicans than Democrats.
717:
disinformation campaigns. Networked communities of public health officials and other stakeholders, connecting with the public through a variety of credible and trusted messengers, are recommended. Sharing of messages through such networks could help to debunk and counter highly networked and coordinated disinformation attacks.
622:
detect disinformation than those who rely on few sources from a particular viewpoint. Particularly on social media, beware of sensational headlines that appeal to emotion, fact-check information broadly (not just through your usual sources), and consider possible agendas or conflicts of interest of those relaying information.
487:
gain attention and obtain funding displayed a "hybrid monetization strategy". They attracted attention by combining eye-catching aspects of "junk news" and online celebrity promotion. At the same time, they developed campaign-specific communities to publicize and legitimize their position, similar to radical social movements.
1183:, in which a signed editorial stated of the journalist, "It has taken the diligent scepticism of one man, standing outside medicine and science, to show that the paper was in fact an elaborate fraud." A 2011 journal article described the vaccine-autism connection as "the most damaging medical hoax of the last 100 years".
516:
examined the spread of false claims about vaccines. The House
Judiciary Committee sent letters, subpoenas, and threats of legal action to researchers, demanding notes, emails and other records from researchers and even student interns, dating back to 2015. Institutions subjected to such inquiries included the
1291:
activities designed to create social dissension. Worldwide, foreign disinformation campaigns have been associated with declining vaccination rates in target countries. Anti-vaccine activism online both before and during the pandemic has been linked to extreme levels of falsehoods, rumors, hoaxes, and
990:. Members were opposed to compulsory vaccination laws. Higgins was the League's chief spokesman and pamphleteer. Historian James Colgrove noted that Higgins "attempted to overturn the New York State's law mandating vaccination of students in public schools". The League should not be confused with the
716:
Recommendations for combating vaccine disinformation include increasing the presence of trusted health agencies and credible information on social media, partnering with social media platforms to promote evidence-based public health information, and identifying and responding to emerging concerns and
1234:
In July 2018, two 12-month-old children died in Samoa after receiving incorrectly prepared MMR vaccinations. These two deaths were picked up by anti-vaccine groups and used to incite fear towards vaccination on social media, causing the government to suspend its measles vaccination programme for ten
1154:
ruled that
Wakefield had acted "dishonestly and irresponsibly" in doing his research, carrying out unauthorized procedures for which he was not qualified, and acting with "callous disregard" for the children involved. Wakefield was found guilty by the General Medical Council of serious professional
486:
disinformation through appeals for donations, sales of content-based media and other merchandise, third-party advertising, and membership fees. Some maintained a group of linked websites, attracting visitors with one site and appealing for money and selling merchandise on others. Their activities to
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disagreed, saying that the outbreak was "directly related to Dr. Wakefield's theory". Wakefield and other anti-vaccine activists were active in the
American-Somali community in Minnesota, where a drop in vaccination rates was followed by the largest measles outbreak in the state in nearly 30 years
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The claims in the paper were widely reported, leading to a sharp drop in vaccination rates in the UK and
Ireland. Promotion of the claimed link, which continued in anti-vaccination propaganda for the next three decades despite being refuted, was estimated to have led to an increase in the incidence
610:
Best practices for combating vaccine mis- and disinformation include addressing issues openly, clearly identifying areas of scientific consensus and areas of uncertainty, and being sensitive to the cultural and religious values of communities. In countering anti-vaccine disinformation, both factual
692:
Algorithms and user data can be used to identify selected subgroups who can then be provided with specialized content. This type of approach has been used both by anti-vaccine activists and by health providers who hope to counter vaccine-related disinformation. For example, in the United States,
173:(USA), Vaccination Risk Awareness Network (Canada), Australian Vaccination Network. In November 2013 the Australian Vaccination Network was ordered by the New South Wales Administrative Decisions Tribunal to change their name so that consumers are aware of the anti-vaccination nature of the group.
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that "the liberty secured by the
Constitution of the United States to every person within its jurisdiction does not import an absolute right in each person to be, at all times and in all circumstances, wholly freed from restraint. There are manifold restraints to which every person is necessarily
680:"severely limits the ability of the White House, the surgeon general, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention... to communicate with social media companies about content related to Covid-19... that the government views as misinformation". In October 2023, this injunction was paused by the
821:. By the 1860s, anti-vaccinationism in Britain was active in the working class, labor aristocracy, and lower middle class. It had become associated with alternative medicine and was part of a larger culture of social and political dissent that included both labor unions and religious dissenters.
799:
Coxe's expectation of an end to opposition to vaccination proved premature, and through much of the nineteenth century, the principles, practices and impact of vaccination were matters of active scientific debate. The principles behind vaccination were not clearly understood until the end of the
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The cultivation of critical thinking, health and science awareness, and media literacy skills are all recommended to help people more critically assess the credibility of the information they see. People who seek out multiple reputable news sources at local and national levels are more likely to
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Despite conservative claims that the government acted to censor speech online, "no evidence has emerged that government officials coerced the companies to take action against accounts". The actions of the House
Judiciary Committee have been described as an "attempt to chill research,” creating a
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After
Republicans gained a majority in the U.S. House of Representatives in January 2023, the House Judiciary Committee used legal action to oppose both disinformation research and government involvement in fighting disinformation. One of the projects targeted was the Virality Project, which has
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as a tactic, repeating false information to make it feel familiar and influence belief. Anti-vaccine activists have leveraged social media to develop interconnected networks of influencers that shape people's opinion, recruit allies, impact policy and monetize vaccine-related disinformation. In
187:
Although physicians and nurses are still rated as the most trusted source for vaccine information, some vaccine-hesitant individuals report being more comfortable discussing vaccines with providers of complementary and alternative (CAM) treatments. With the rise of the internet, many people have
713:(SAGE)'s 3C's model, outreach to communities has focused on addressing mistrust and increasing Confidence, providing information to improve risk assessment (Complacency), and improving access to COVID-19 vaccines (Convenience). It has been necessary to counter disinformation in all three areas.
634:
While private entities like
Facebook, Twitter and Telegram could legally establish guidelines for moderation of information and disinformation on their platforms (subject to local and international laws) such companies do not have strong incentives to control disinformation or to self-regulate.
630:
Other suggestions for countering anti-vaccine activism focus on changing the operation of social media platforms. Interventions such as accuracy nudges and source labeling change the context in which information is presented. For example, correct information can be directly presented to counter
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At the extreme end, opposition to vaccination has resulted in substantial violence against vaccinators. In Pakistan, "more than 200 polio team workers have lost their lives" (team members include not only vaccinators but police and security personnel) from "targeted killing and terrorism" while
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The anti-vaccination movement was historically apolitical, but in the 2010s and 2020s the movement in the United States has increasingly targeted conservatives. As measles outbreaks increased, so did calls to eliminate exemptions from vaccine administration. As of 2015, 19 American states had
705:
Steps have been taken to counter anti-vaccine messaging by directly engaging with communities. Outreach efforts include call centers and texting campaigns, partnering with local community leaders, and holding community-based vaccine clinics. Creating digital and science literacy resources and
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and 83 deaths, out of a Samoan population of 200,874. Over three percent of the population were infected. The cause of the outbreak was attributed to decreased vaccination rates, from 74% in 2017 to 31–34% in 2018, even though nearby islands had rates near 99%. a rate of 14.3 deaths per 1000
724:) and is susceptible to disinformation attacks. To deal with disinformation, community networks would need to address issues of liberty and human rights as well as vaccine safety, effectiveness and access. Networks could also help to show support for those attacked by anti-vaccine activists.
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In the United States, numerous measles outbreaks occurred in the 1960s and 1970s, and were shown to be more frequent in states that lacked mandatory vaccination requirements. This led to calls in the 1970s for a national level vaccination requirement for children entering schools.
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of 1853 required that every child be vaccinated within three or four months of birth. It set a precedent for the state regulation of physical bodies, and was fiercely resisted. The following year, in 1854, John Gibbs published the first anti-compulsory-vaccination pamphlet,
507:. Raw, unverified data from VAERS has often been used by the anti-vaccine community to justify misinformation regarding the safety of vaccines; it is generally not possible to find out from VAERS data if a vaccine caused an adverse event, or how common the event might be.
652:
examined advertisements posted in the three months prior to the Facebook's 2019 policy changes. It found that 54% of the anti-vaccine advertisements on Facebook were placed by just two organizations, funded by well-known anti-vaccination activists. The
697:(SVI) has been used to identify communities that have traditionally been under-served or are at elevated risk for infection, morbidity, and mortality. Programs have been developed in such communities to address disinformation and vaccine hesitancy.
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nineteenth century. The importance of hygiene in the preparation, storage, and administration of vaccines was not always understood or practiced. Reliable statistics on vaccine efficacy and side effects were difficult to obtain before the 1930s.
1002:
Anti-vaccine activism ebbed for much of the twentieth century, but never completely vanished. In the UK, the National Anti-Vaccination League continued to publish new issues of its journal until 1972, by which time the global campaign for
888:
A series of American legal cases, beginning in various states and culminating with that of Henning Jacobson of Massachusetts in 1905, upheld the mandating of compulsory smallpox vaccination for the good of the public. The court ruled in
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for smallpox from the final decades of the 19th century through the 1910s. During this period, smallpox vaccination was the only form of vaccination that was widely practiced, and the society published a periodical opposing it, called
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appealed to state governors, and by 1980, all 50 states legally required vaccination for school entrance. Many of these laws allowed exemptions in response to lobbyists. In New York State, a 1967 law allowed exemptions from receiving
665:, run by campaigner Larry Cook, posted 54% of the advertisements. The ads often linked to commercial products, such as natural remedies and books. Kennedy was suspended from Facebook in August 2022, but reinstated in June 2023.
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to broaden their base. While earlier anti-vaccination activists focused on health impacts and safety of vaccines, recent themes increasingly involve philosophical arguments about liberty, medical freedom and parental rights.
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Anti-vaccine activists have falsely claimed in social media posts that numerous deaths or injuries had to do with reactions to vaccines. In one highly publicized instance in early 2023, after Buffalo Bills football player
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In 1880, William Tebb enlarged and reorganized the Anti-Compulsory Vaccination League in the UK with the formation of the London Society for the Abolition of Compulsory Vaccination, with William Young as secretary. The
645:
Supply-side interventions reduce circulation of misinformation directly at their sources through actions such as application of social media policies, regulation, and legislation. A study published in the journal
787:, who published his findings on the efficacy of the practice for smallpox in 1798. By 1801, the practice had been widely endorsed in the scientific community, and by several world leaders. Philadelphia physician
1215:. The measles virus lost its elimination status in the US as the number of measles cases continued to rise in the late 2010s with a total of 17 outbreaks in 2018 and 465 outbreaks in 2019 (as of April 4, 2019).
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Persons undertaking efforts to counter vaccine misinformation, including public health experts who use social media, have been targeted for harassment by anti-vaccine activists. For example, Slovakian physician
824:
In June 1867, the publication "Human Nature" campaigned in the United Kingdom against "The Vaccination Humbug", reporting that many petitions had been presented to Parliament against Compulsory Vaccination for
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suggested legislation to eliminate or increase the difficulty of exemptions, including California. Concurrently, American anti-vaccine activists reached out to libertarian and right-leaning groups such as the
994:, that was formed in 1879. Higgins was criticized by medical experts for spreading misinformation and ignoring facts as to the efficacy of vaccination. The League dissolved after the death of Higgins in 1929.
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and other anti-vaccine activists. Some unvaccinated persons opposed to COVID-19 vaccination began referring to themselves in social media groups as "purebloods", a term historically connoting racial purity.
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in September 1883 which argued against compulsory vaccination. The London Society focused on lobbying parliamentary support in the 1880s and early 1890s. They gained support from several members of the
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found "evidence of higher excess mortality for Republican voters compared with Democratic voters in Florida and Ohio after, but not before, COVID-19 vaccines were available to all adults in the US".
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MMR autism fraud, which Dennis K Flaherty at the University of Charleston characterized as "perhaps the most damaging medical hoax of the last 100 years". The fraudulent research paper authored by
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among unvaccinated children that year. He also reaffirmed his discredited belief that "MMR contributes to the current autism epidemic". By that time, at least 166 measles cases had been reported.
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Whether people will update a mistaken belief is complicated and involves psychological factors and social goals as well as accuracy of information. There is some evidence that both debunking and "
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The Black Doctors COVID-19 Consortium in Philadelphia is one example of a successful direct outreach initiative. Another is the New York State Vaccine Equity Task Force. In line with the
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The UK movement grew, and as the influence of the London Society overshadowed the Hume-Rotherys and it took the national lead, it was decided in February 1896 to re-form the Society as
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all found no link between the MMR vaccine and autism. Physicians, medical journals, and editors have described Wakefield's actions as fraudulent and tied them to epidemics and deaths.
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1018:. In the UK, these were often introduced on a voluntary basis, without arousing the same kind of anti-vaccination response that had accompanied compulsory smallpox vaccination.
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Wakefield continues to promote anti-vaccine beliefs and conspiracy theories in the United States. In February 2015, Wakefield denied that he bore any responsibility for the
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and anti-vaccine activism exist within a broader context that involves cultural tradition, religious belief, approaches to health and disease, and political affiliation.
565:. Due to his prominent role in the vaccination campaign, Krčméry and his family became a target of anti-vaccine activists, who physically threatened him and his family.
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underlying vaccine disinformation. Researchers identified 59 English-language "actors" that provided "almost exclusively anti-vaccination publications". Their websites
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917:, established by Tebb in 1879, was adopted as the official organ of the Society. A series of fourteen "Vaccination Tracts" was begun by Young in 1877 and completed by
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distributing them via schools, libraries, municipal offices, churches and other community groups can help to counter misinformation in under-resourced communities.
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turned online for medical information. In some instances, anti-vaccine activists seek to steer people away from vaccination and health-care providers and towards
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Anti-vaccination writings on the internet have been argued to be characterized by a number of differences from medical and scientific literature. These include:
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and counter anti-vaccine disinformation. Efforts include social media advertising campaigns, by public health organizations, in support of public health goals.
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1254:. A full outbreak of measles began on the island in October 2019 and continued for the next four months. As of January 6, 2020, there were over 5,700 cases of
760:(a predecessor to vaccination) was organized as early as the 1720s around the premise that vaccination was unnatural and an attempt to thwart divine judgment.
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A networked community approach would differ from the current model of US public health communication, which tends to rely on a single credible messenger (e.g.
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wrote a supportive letter to the National Anti-Vaccination League, equating methods of vaccination with "rubbing the contents of the dustpan into the wound".
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Flaherty, Dennis K. (October 2011). "The vaccine-autism connection: a public health crisis caused by unethical medical practices and fraudulent science".
844:. After the death of Richard B. Gibbs in 1871, the Anti-Compulsory Vaccination League "languished" until 1876 when it was revived under the leadership of
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Flaherty, Dennis K (October 2011). "The vaccine-autism connection: a public health crisis caused by unethical medical practices and fraudulent science".
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published a detailed investigation of the distortion and misrepresentation of the circumstances surrounding the death of 24-year-old George Watts Jr. by
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Impossible expectations: claiming that anything less than 100% certainty in a scientific claim implies doubt, and that doubt means there is no consensus
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In the United States, many states and local school boards established immunization requirements, beginning with a compulsory school vaccination law in
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as "clear and unambiguous". At the same time, however, the anti-vax movement has partially succeeded in distorting common understandings of science in
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Ideas that would eventually coalesce into anti-vaccine activism have existed for longer than vaccines themselves. Some philosophical approaches (e.g.
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Shifting hypotheses: Continually introducing new theories about vaccines being harmful; moving to new claims when existing ones are shown to be false
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Ozturk, Pinar; Li, Huaye; Sakamoto, Yasuaki (January 2015). "Combating Rumor Spread on Social Media: The Effectiveness of Refutation and Warning".
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In August 2019, an infected passenger on one of the more than 8,000 annual flights between New Zealand and Samoa probably brought the disease from
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asked Hotez to participate in a debate on the podcast. Upon declining the invitation, Hotez was harassed by their fans, with anti-vaccine activist
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1058:. These claims were subsequently extensively investigated and found to be false, and the original study turned out to be based on faked data. The
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Anti-vaccine activism in the 2000s regained prominence through exploratory research based on 12 cases that made claims about a link between the
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3097:"Transparency, communication and trust: The role of public communication in responding to the wave of disinformation about the new Coronavirus"
1841:"Anti-vaccine activists, Web 2.0, and the postmodern paradigm – An overview of tactics and tropes used online by the anti-vaccination movement"
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estimate that the measles vaccination rate in Samoa fell from 74% in 2017 to 34% in 2018, similar to some of the poorest countries in Africa.
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Algorithms that are used to maximize user engagement and profits can lead to unbalanced, poorly sourced, and actively misleading information.
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through vaccination had made the disease so uncommon that compulsory vaccination for smallpox was no longer required in the United Kingdom.
130:, legal, and medical matters related to vaccines), no serious sense of hesitancy or of debate (in the broad sense) exists within mainstream
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Citing Edmund Massey, "A Sermon against the Dangerous and Sinful Practice of Inoculation, preached at St. Andrew's Holborn", July 8, 1722.
3648:"In Related News, That Was Wrong: The Correction of Misinformation Through Related Stories Functionality in Social Media: In Related News"
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reported that former AVN president Meryl Dorey "claimed she was a victim of hate groups and vested interests" in response to the ruling.
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4310:"Federal appeals court extends limits on Biden administration communications with social media companies to top US cybersecurity agency"
3023:"Digital public health interventions at scale: The impact of social media advertising on beliefs and outcomes related to COVID vaccines"
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described it as "utterly false" and said that the journal had been deceived. In January 2011, Deer published a series of reports in the
499:(VAERS) is used to gather information on potential vaccine adverse reactions, but is susceptible to unverified reports, misattribution,
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5296:. Breconshire Local & Family History Society (BLFHS) Cymdeithas Hanes Lleol a Theuluoedd Brycheiniog Newsletter 70 – October 2017.
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4084:"The impact of Facebook's vaccine misinformation policy on user endorsements of vaccine content: An interrupted time series analysis"
17:
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4595:"Addressing racial/ethnic inequities in vaccine hesitancy and uptake: lessons learned from the California alliance against COVID-19"
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Targeting China's vaccine: During the pandemic, as retaliation for China's attempts to blame the United States for the pandemic,
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6373:"BMJ Declares Vaccine-Autism Study 'an Elaborate Fraud', 1998 Lancet Study Not Bad Science but Deliberate Fraud, Claims Journal"
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Di Pietrantonj, Carlo; Rivetti, Alessandro; Marchione, Pasquale; Debalini, Maria Grazia; Demicheli, Vittorio (April 20, 2020).
2245:"Dimensions of Misinformation About the HPV Vaccine on Instagram: Content and Network Analysis of Social Media Characteristics"
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3804:"Misinformation and Disinformation: The Potential Disadvantages of Social Media in Infectious Disease and How to Combat Them"
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The idea of an autism link was first suggested in the early 1990s and came to public notice largely as a result of the 1998
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Andrew Dickson White (1896). "Chapter X. Theological Opposition To Inoculation, Vaccination, And The Use Of Anaesthetics".
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7405:"Samoa, Fiji and Tonga – Measles outbreak (DG ECHO, WHO, UNICEF and media) (ECHO Daily Flash of 25 November 2019) – Samoa"
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3728:"Use of bot and content flags to limit the spread of misinformation among social networks: a behavior and attitude survey"
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The Antivaccine Heresy: Jacobson v. Massachusetts and the Troubled History of Compulsory Vaccination in the United States
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103:, with vaccination of the young receiving pushback, and they have sought to expand beyond niche subgroups into national
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4423:"How We Achieved More Equitable Vaccine Distribution: Social Vulnerability Analytics Are Necessary, But Not Sufficient"
2948:
1460:
1235:
months, despite advice from the WHO. The incident caused many Samoan residents to lose trust in the healthcare system.
1146:
found that Wakefield, the author of the original research paper linking the vaccine to autism, had multiple undeclared
681:
9240:
9077:
7586:
7098:
6100:
4741:
2823:"A prominent vaccine scientist says he was 'stalked' in front of home after Joe Rogan Twitter exchange | CNN Business"
11308:
10478:
9982:
9423:
9286:
8738:
8612:
8058:
7998:"Excess Death Rates for Republican and Democratic Registered Voters in Florida and Ohio During the COVID-19 Pandemic"
5293:
5012:
4954:
3305:"The Prevalence, Features, Influencing Factors, and Solutions for COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation: Systematic Review"
1925:
1329:
908:"Death the Vaccinator", published by the London Society for the Abolition of Compulsory Vaccination in the late 1800s
532:'s Digital Forensic Research Lab and the social media analytics firm Graphika. Researchers emphasized that they have
6925:"Andrew Wakefield, Father of the Anti-Vaccine Movement, Responds to the Current Measles Outbreak for the First Time"
5761:
668:
In 2023, however, state governments that were politically aligned with anti-vaccine activists successfully sought a
431:
Selective cherry-picking: using obscure or debunked sources while ignoring counter-evidence and scientific consensus
11937:
11875:
10845:
10408:
10181:
9852:
9649:
9601:
9220:
9011:
8326:
7784:"Blaming Damar Hamlin's cardiac arrest on the COVID vaccine is "wildly and irresponsibly speculative," says expert"
10199:
7953:
2921:
1211:
With the growing anti-vaccine movement from the 2010s onwards, the United States has seen a resurgence of certain
11496:
11464:
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9176:
8482:
7783:
5423:
4290:
1455:
1224:
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4328:
169:
In some instances, anti-vaccine organizations have used names intended to sound non-partisan on the issue: e.g.
11554:
11159:
10576:
10304:
9491:
9387:
8426:
8149:
7354:
3246:
Lewandowsky, Stephan; Ecker, Ullrich K. H.; Seifert, Colleen M.; Schwarz, Norbert; Cook, John (December 2012).
2668:
2565:"The political economy of digital profiteering: communication resource mobilization by anti-vaccination actors"
1440:
1150:, had manipulated evidence, and had broken other ethical codes. After a subsequent 2.5-year investigation, the
1120:
1062:
is that there is no link between the MMR vaccine and autism, and that the MMR vaccine's benefits in preventing
7938:
2966:"The History and Current Killings of Polio Vaccinators in Pakistan: A Need for Targeted Surveillance Strategy"
11969:
11352:
11057:
10490:
10403:
10264:
10254:
10163:
8225:
7752:
5537:
4886:
558:
517:
7997:
6672:
2471:
745:) are incompatible with the microbiological paradigm that explains how the immune system and vaccines work.
10630:
10590:
10398:
9865:
9832:
9827:
9706:
9584:
9274:
8850:
8600:
8179:
8051:
7375:"National Emergency Operation Centre, update on the measles outbreak: (press release 36) 22 December, 2019"
3609:
Tay, Li Qian; Lewandowsky, Stephan; Hurlstone, Mark J.; Kurz, Tim; Ecker, Ullrich K. H. (October 5, 2023).
2902:
1212:
1111:, resulting in deaths and serious permanent injuries. Following the initial claims in 1998, multiple large
769:
654:
118:
alongside outright disinformation and misinformation have been spread by the anti-vaccination movement and
4576:"Addressing the Social Determinants of Health May Help Increase COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake | Urban Institute"
4083:
10794:
10767:
10428:
10423:
10351:
10188:
9777:
9738:
9539:
9392:
8817:
8774:
8387:
8383:
8346:
8083:
5306:
1966:
1228:
777:
10284:
8889:
7896:
7266:
11979:
11964:
11474:
10911:
10894:
10640:
10342:
9767:
8444:
5424:"Contemporary debates on vaccination policies have historical parallels in Ransom Center's collections"
3802:
Desai, Angel N; Ruidera, Diandra; Steinbrink, Julie M; Granwehr, Bruno; Lee, Dong Heun (May 15, 2022).
918:
904:
833:
662:
8558:
8379:
1840:
415:
A number of specific disinformation tactics have been noted in anti-vaccination messaging, including:
11524:
10486:
10128:
9875:
9817:
9579:
8874:
8809:
8654:
8500:
8331:
8255:
6475:
5178:
4329:"Supreme Court lifts restrictions on Biden administration communications with social media companies"
3364:"Evaluating the Impact of Attempts to Correct Health Misinformation on Social Media: A Meta-Analysis"
2903:"In 'Deadly Rise of Anti-Science,' vaccine researcher Peter Hotez sounds the alarm on science denial"
2398:
1504:"The "anti-vax" movement: a quantitative report on vaccine beliefs and knowledge across social media"
1348:
died in 2022 from the COVID-19 vaccine, while in actuality it was a drug overdose. In December 2023,
1285:
1240:
891:
395:
134:
circles about the benefits of vaccination. One scholarly article from 2021 has described the present
7428:"National Emergency Operation Centre, update on the measles outbreak: (press release 23) 9 December"
6590:
4800:
4786:
Noble M (December 2005). "Ethics in the trenches: a multifaceted analysis of the stem cell debate".
4139:"Misinformation 'superspreaders': Covid vaccine falsehoods still thriving on Facebook and Instagram"
1650:"Vaccine Hesitancy, Acceptance, and Anti-Vaccination: Trends and Future Prospects for Public Health"
544:"chilling effect" through increased time demands, legal costs and online harassment of researchers.
11479:
11444:
11439:
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9754:
9659:
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9407:
9296:
9264:
9134:
8918:
8702:
8494:
8277:
8260:
7295:
6398:
Poland GA, Jacobson RM (January 13, 2011). "The age-old struggle against the antivaccinationists".
5792:
4705:
3419:"Evaluation of a template for countering misinformation—Real-world Autism treatment myth debunking"
791:, noting that even then false accounts were circulated of negative effects of vaccination, wrote,
761:
525:
474:
7869:"Social media post claims without evidence Foo Fighters drummer Taylor Hawkins died from COVID-19"
6037:
5585:
Vaccinating Britain: Mass vaccination and the public since the Second World War [Internet]
4353:"An iterative algorithm for optimizing COVID-19 vaccination strategies considering unknown supply"
676:
from seeking to pressure social media companies into fighting misinformation. The order issued by
554:
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9784:
9453:
9397:
9363:
9252:
8832:
8708:
8356:
8209:
8134:
6126:
5174:"The Politics of Prevention: Anti-Vaccinationism and Public Health in Nineteenth-Century England"
3978:"Whistleblower says Facebook routinely chose 'profit over safety' when it came to misinformation"
2849:"Vaccine specialist Peter Hotez: scientists are 'under attack for someone else's political gain'"
1586:"Confronting the evolution and expansion of anti-vaccine activism in the USA in the COVID-19 era"
1480:
1337:
1272:
1179:
1174:
1151:
1132:
1049:
157:
48:
8762:
8666:
444:, and threats, to offline activities such as legal actions, targeting of employers, and violence
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9485:
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9358:
8714:
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8470:
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8235:
8002:
6058:
4795:
4509:
Dada, Debbie; Djiometio, Joseph Nguemo; McFadden, SarahAnn M.; et al. (February 1, 2022).
3859:
Kozyreva, Anastasia; Herzog, Stefan M.; Lewandowsky, Stephan; et al. (February 14, 2023).
2769:
1475:
1465:
1055:
1023:
669:
359:
80:
9812:
5506:"School Vaccination Wars: The Rise of Anti-Science in the American Anti-Vaccination Societies"
4421:
Fressin, Francois; Wen, Amy; Shukla, Samta; Mok, Kelly; Chaguturu, Sreekanth (July 23, 2021).
2430:
11901:
11735:
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9743:
9448:
9443:
9382:
9164:
9006:
8868:
8838:
8678:
8458:
8452:
7753:"Right-Wingers Are Exploiting Damar Hamlin's Medical Emergency to Push Anti-Vax Conspiracies"
6066:
5602:
Di Pietrantonj, C; Rivetti, A; Marchione, P; Debalini, MG; Demicheli, V (November 22, 2021).
4003:"Doomscrolling and negativity bias: The way we consume news may be detrimental to our health"
3131:"Systematic Literature Review on the Spread of Health-related Misinformation on Social Media"
1666:
1649:
1450:
1353:
1147:
1124:
841:
658:
468:
283:
84:
9104:
7427:
7374:
1696:
the scientific and medical consensus on the benefits of vaccination is clear and unambiguous
11784:
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11154:
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10983:
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10884:
10676:
10671:
10561:
10299:
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9837:
9475:
9438:
9215:
9068:
8230:
7697:
4955:"Childhood vaccination requirements: Lessons from history, Mississippi, and a path forward"
4757:
Bazin H (September 2001). "The ethics of vaccine usage in society: lessons from the past".
4679:
4656:
4511:"Strategies That Promote Equity in COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake for Black Communities: a Review"
4364:
3872:
3523:
3430:
3034:
2860:
2169:
2156:
Johnson, Neil F.; Velásquez, Nicolas; Restrepo, Nicholas Johnson; et al. (June 2020).
2020:
1894:
1059:
1032:
1004:
877:
773:
673:
388:
369:
189:
135:
2964:
Wahid, Braira; Kumari, Babita; Saifullah, Khaled Mohammed; Idrees, Muhammad (March 2023).
572:
tweeted his concerns about Robert F. Kennedy Jr. sharing misinformation about vaccines on
8:
11707:
11673:
11559:
11382:
11325:
11320:
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11097:
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10889:
10635:
9676:
9353:
9210:
9205:
8930:
8768:
8506:
8145:
7819:
7531:
7506:
7129:"Samoa's perfect storm: How a collapse in vaccination rates killed more than 70 children"
5805:
4453:
Schmitzberger, Florian F.; Scott, Kirstin W.; Nham, Wilson; et al. (June 30, 2022).
3362:
Walter, Nathan; Brooks, John J.; Saucier, Camille J.; Suresh, Sapna (November 10, 2021).
2753:
2733:
1470:
1099:
disorders. The paper was retracted in 2010 but is still cited by anti-vaccine activists.
967:
939:
872:
was founded in 1879, after a visit to the United States by British anti-vaccine activist
521:
467:
Information is more likely to be believed after repeated exposure. Disinformers use this
11377:
11117:
8024:
7701:
4652:"Meet the Black Physicians Bringing Covid Vaccines to Hard-Hit Philadelphia Communities"
4368:
3876:
3527:
3434:
3038:
2990:
2965:
2864:
2589:
2173:
2024:
1223:
Vaccine hesitancy led to declining rates of vaccination for measles, culminating in the
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5603:
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5173:
5031:
4996:
4821:
4632:
4619:
4594:
4593:
AuYoung, Mona; Rodriguez Espinosa, Patricia; Chen, Wei-ting; et al. (April 2023).
4556:
4543:
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3339:
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3285:
3220:
3187:
3186:
Stolle, Lucas B.; Nalamasu, Rohit; Pergolizzi, Joseph V.; et al. (November 2020).
3163:
3130:
3055:
3022:
3003:
2884:
2770:"Zachránil tisícky životov, antivaxeri sa mu vyhrážali smrťou. Zomrel Vladimír Krčméry"
2707:
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2008:
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1538:
1503:
1204:
979:
615:
374:
10193:
9900:
7843:"Bronny James' Collapse Caused by Heart Defect; Confidence He'll Return to Basketball"
6564:
6539:
6256:
5051:"Philip Hoare: When you play virtual war games, spare a thought for the real veterans"
4770:
4434:
3861:"Resolving content moderation dilemmas between free speech and harmful misinformation"
2075:
2007:
Zollo, Fabiana; Bessi, Alessandro; Vicario, Michela Del; et al. (July 24, 2017).
1601:
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2876:
2848:
2650:
2594:
2546:
2534:
2526:
2456:
2435:
2415:
2403:
2372:"The psychological drivers of misinformation belief and its resistance to correction"
2351:
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1989:
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648:
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604:
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354:
321:
311:
241:
202:
Ignoring corrections, even when an initial report or data point is shown to be false.
115:
76:
72:
37:
11809:
8128:
8015:
7411:. UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). November 25, 2019.
7020:
6847:
6772:
6427:
6306:
6241:
5747:
5688:
5350:
5281:"The Anti-Vaccination Society of America: Correspondence | History of Vaccines"
5106:"Rothery, Mary Catherine Hume (1824–1885), campaigner for medical reform and author"
4825:
4351:
Bicher, Martin; Rippinger, Claire; Zechmeister, Melanie; et al. (May 2, 2022).
4056:"Facebook announces anti-vaxx crackdown, will block ads with vaccine misinformation"
3146:
3129:
Wang, Yuxi; McKee, Martin; Torbica, Aleksandra; Stuckler, David (November 1, 2019).
3021:
Athey, Susan; Grabarz, Kristen; Luca, Michael; Wernerfelt, Nils (January 26, 2023).
2370:
Ecker, Ullrich K. H.; Lewandowsky, Stephan; Cook, John; et al. (January 2022).
1880:
99:. Activists have primarily (though far from entirely) focused on issues surrounding
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9634:
9529:
9279:
8314:
8250:
8141:
8019:
8011:
7723:
7705:
7656:
7640:
7612:
7527:"Anti-vaxxers block-book appointments to stop people getting life-saving Covid jab"
7482:"Anti-vaxxers trying to disrupt Australian rollout by making fake vaccine bookings"
7072:
6992:
6876:
6827:
6752:
6711:
6559:
6551:
6407:
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6181:
6169:
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5997:
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5320:
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3815:
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3531:
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3334:
3316:
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3215:
3199:
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2868:
2640:
2632:
2584:
2576:
2516:
2444:
2393:
2383:
2329:
2321:
2266:
2256:
2177:
2095:
2087:
2046:
2028:
1981:
1852:
1784:
1773:"Using big data to understand the online ecology of COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy"
1740:
1724:
1661:
1613:
1597:
1533:
1515:
1333:
1317:
1136:
1082:
935:
848:
and the Rev. W. Hume-Rothery. The Anti-Compulsory Vaccination League published the
837:
788:
562:
533:
529:
331:
301:
11330:
7183:"'These babies should not have died': How the measles outbreak took hold in Samoa"
5409:
5145:
4973:
4455:"Identifying Strategies to Boost COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in the United States"
4192:
4099:
4030:"'Disinformation is a business': media execs explore how to demonetize falsehoods"
3417:
Paynter, Jessica; Luskin-Saxby, Sarah; Keen, Deb; et al. (January 30, 2019).
3379:
2729:"Analysis | GOP legal attacks create a chilling effect on misinformation research"
2636:
2563:
Herasimenka, Aliaksandr; Au, Yung; George, Anna; et al. (December 24, 2022).
2505:"Misinformation: susceptibility, spread, and interventions to immunize the public"
1856:
490:
11794:
11592:
11399:
11357:
11243:
11223:
11193:
11176:
11102:
11092:
11022:
10961:
10957:
10906:
10735:
10666:
10645:
10433:
10413:
10133:
10032:
9847:
8924:
8844:
8732:
8364:
8309:
7710:
7568:"How COVID-conspiracists and anti-vaxxers are getting organised and making money"
7502:"Facebook removes anti-vaxxer group encouraging public to make fake appointments"
6001:
5894:
4918:
4377:
3443:
3248:"Misinformation and Its Correction: Continued Influence and Successful Debiasing"
2797:"COVID-19 expert Peter Hotez harassed outside his home by anti-vaccine advocates"
2132:"Peter Hotez is not alone: Online harassment of doctors is a public health issue"
2033:
1413:
1399:
1301:
1096:
813:
139:
122:
doctors in a way that has significantly increased vaccine hesitancy (and altered
88:
8996:
7686:"Medical disinformation and the unviable nature of COVID-19 conspiracy theories"
7459:"Decorated with butterflies, infant-sized coffins sent to measles-ravaged Samoa"
6862:
6813:
6740:
6699:
6644:
6613:
6059:
Institute of Medicine (US) Immunization Safety Review Committee (May 17, 2004).
5952:
5583:
4742:"Theological opposition to inoculation, vaccination, and the use of anæsthetics"
3582:"Social media must balance 'right of free speech' with audience 'right to know'"
3363:
1648:
Dubé, Ève; Ward, Jeremy K.; Verger, Pierre; MacDonald, Noni E. (April 1, 2021).
11931:
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9723:
9571:
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9235:
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8184:
5384:
5120:
4610:
4526:
3865:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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500:
349:
119:
7644:
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5191:
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4175:
Jamison, Amelia M.; Broniatowski, David A.; Dredze, Mark; et al. (2020).
2981:
2325:
2182:
2157:
419:
Conspiracies theories alleging lies, trickery, cover-ups, and secret knowledge
11958:
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11271:
10916:
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10042:
9807:
9310:
8544:
8194:
8189:
7719:
7652:
7194:
7160:"Samoa measles outbreak: WHO blames anti-vaccine scare as death toll hits 39"
7140:
7004:
6177:
6036:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. August 22, 2008. Archived from
5903:
5844:
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5672:
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4107:
3892:
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3247:
3211:
3154:
2530:
2407:
2191:
2042:
1985:
1864:
1798:
1736:
1728:
1675:
1609:
1584:
Carpiano, Richard M; Callaghan, Timothy; DiResta, Renee; et al. (2023).
1529:
1227:. The most significant of these in proportion to national population was the
1112:
1028:
899:
865:
784:
721:
326:
306:
278:
123:
11171:
9686:
7954:"Purebloods: The Anti-Semitism and White Supremacy of the Anti-Vax Movement"
6906:"How disgraced anti-vaxxer Andrew Wakefield was embraced by Trump's America"
6787:
4997:"Review: The Anti-Vaccination Movement in England, 1853–1907. Nadja Durbach"
4225:"Majority of anti-vaxx ads on Facebook are funded by just two organizations"
3884:
3536:
3046:
2703:"G.O.P. Targets Researchers Who Study Disinformation Ahead of 2024 Election"
2448:
1304:, there was an increase in rhetoric and disinformation from figures such as
962:
was elected as president. In 1898, the league took on a school leaver named
11891:
11534:
11429:
11362:
11303:
11298:
10978:
10869:
10849:
10799:
10443:
10017:
9992:
9972:
9799:
9728:
9718:
9644:
9619:
9566:
9417:
8947:
8415:
8397:
8336:
8159:
8033:
7737:
7670:
7486:
7012:
6890:
6839:
6764:
6725:
6419:
6233:
6195:
6096:
6019:
5970:
5921:
5862:
5739:
5703:
5680:
5637:
5560:
State of Immunity: The Politics of Vaccination in Twentieth-Century America
5465:
State of Immunity: The Politics of Vaccination in Twentieth-Century America
5342:
4981:
4817:
4778:
4749:
4628:
4552:
4488:
4404:
4229:
4210:
4115:
3910:
3845:
3769:
3694:
3563:
3486:"3. Misinformation and competing views of reality abounded throughout 2020"
3470:
3395:
3348:
3281:
3229:
3172:
3064:
2999:
2880:
2654:
2598:
2538:
2343:
2280:
2199:
2109:
2060:
1993:
1872:
1754:
1683:
1627:
1547:
1341:
1325:
1321:
1305:
1297:
987:
873:
504:
448:
9305:
7628:
7055:"Anti-vaccine activists spark a state's worst measles outbreak in decades"
6981:"Measles outbreak in Somali American community follows anti-vaccine talks"
6523:
5324:
5209:
4291:"Instagram reinstates Robert Kennedy Jr. after launch of presidential bid"
3819:
3785:"How should social media platforms combat misinformation and hate speech?"
2580:
11678:
11668:
11529:
11335:
11218:
11186:
11112:
10974:
10865:
10857:
10782:
9772:
9624:
9028:
8410:
8341:
8265:
8112:
7267:"Samoa: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2018 revision"
6411:
3951:
3623:
2621:"Safety monitoring in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)"
1361:
1309:
753:
569:
316:
263:
249:
226:
68:
6322:"Brian Deer: Piltdown medicine: The missing link between MMR and autism"
5835:
3303:
Zhao, Sihong; Hu, Simeng; Zhou, Xiaoyu; et al. (January 11, 2023).
2472:"Pentagon ran secret anti-vax campaign to incite fear of China vaccines"
2091:
1407:
1166:
paper was partially retracted in 2004 and fully retracted in 2010, when
11804:
11779:
11469:
11419:
10772:
10600:
10595:
10057:
9629:
9230:
9225:
9047:
8392:
8154:
8122:
5522:
5505:
4870:
Practical Observations on Vaccination, Or, Inoculation for the Cow-pock
3663:
1945:"For Some Anti-Vaccine Advocates, Misinformation Is Part Of A Business"
1195:
1191:
1143:
1087:
1011:
738:
581:
268:
212:
92:
8043:
6996:
6881:
6831:
6756:
6716:
6496:
6225:
6151:
5664:
5601:
3726:
Lanius, Candice; Weber, Ryan; MacKenzie, William I. (March 12, 2021).
3103:. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. July 3, 2020
2564:
2222:
11853:
11424:
11292:
10861:
10777:
10617:
10510:
10110:
9962:
8420:
8245:
8174:
8164:
5817:
Hussain, Azhar; Ali, Syed; Ahmed, Madiha; Hussain, Sheharyar (2018).
5723:
4174:
4060:
963:
577:
573:
455:
41:
7996:
Wallace, Jacob; Goldsmith-Pinkham, Paul; Schwartz, Jason L. (2023).
7346:
7237:"Samoan government takes drastic measures to fight measles outbreak"
6980:
6298:
4254:"Majority of anti-vaccine ads on Facebook were funded by two groups"
2307:"Fake news and science denier attacks on vaccines. What can you do?"
2243:
Massey, PM; Kearney, MD; Hauer, MK; et al. (December 3, 2020).
11695:
11688:
11683:
11653:
11409:
11345:
11340:
10216:
8272:
8169:
6957:
6929:
6863:"Wakefield's article linking MMR vaccine and autism was fraudulent"
6814:"Wakefield's article linking MMR vaccine and autism was fraudulent"
6649:
6348:
6078:
4920:
Bodily Matters: The Anti-Vaccination Movement in England, 1853–1907
4592:
2619:
Shimabukuro, TT; Nguyen, M; Martin, D; DeStefano, F (August 2015).
2130:
Pendergrast, Tricia; Royan, Regina; Arora, Vineet (June 23, 2023).
1247:
832:
Notable members of the Anti-Compulsory Vaccination League included
826:
757:
742:
206:
175:
131:
104:
100:
96:
3321:
2261:
1421:
557:
was a prominent member of the government advisory team during the
422:
Messages crafted for psychological appeal rather than truthfulness
225:
For example, a 2020 study examined Instagram posts related to the
11414:
10853:
9315:
9301:
8549:
8369:
8199:
7815:"False: Damar Hamlin collapsed due to COVID-19 vaccine poisoning"
6867:
6818:
6443:"Healthwatch: Disputed autism study sparks debate about vaccines"
6154:"Vaccines for measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella in children"
5604:"Vaccines for measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella in children"
5311:
5082:
Independent Spirits Spiritualism and English Plebeians, 1850–1910
4158:"How anti-vaccine groups are camouflaging themselves on Facebook"
3611:"A focus shift in the evaluation of misinformation interventions"
2562:
2476:
1255:
1104:
1092:
1071:
1063:
273:
111:
7995:
6953:"Doctor blames discredited autism research for measles outbreak"
5819:"The Anti-vaccination Movement: A Regression in Modern Medicine"
4746:
A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom
4723:
A History Of The Warfare Of Science With Theology In Christendom
4681:
Vaccine Wars: The Two-Hundred Year Fight for School Vaccinations
3858:
3185:
2922:"Anti-Science Views Are Literally Killing Us, Peter Hotez Warns"
2618:
2158:"The online competition between pro- and anti-vaccination views"
1159:, meaning he could no longer practise as a physician in the UK.
925:
and after his death in 1885, he was succeeded by Alfred Milnes.
11717:
11702:
10988:
10566:
9480:
7099:"Ministry of Health Press Release 1 – Measles Epidemic – Samoa"
1236:
978:
In 1908, the Anti-Vaccination League of America was created by
491:
Misrepresentation of the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System
441:
127:
7181:
Jackson, Lagipoiva Cherelle; Lyons, Kate (December 17, 2019).
5485:
Vaccination in America: Medical Science and Children's Welfare
4350:
3952:"Social Media, Free Speech, and the Scourge of Misinformation"
3801:
3416:
3245:
1583:
1336:; it was later revealed that the episode had been caused by a
1332:, leading to assertions that this was a result of receiving a
1010:
New vaccines were developed and used against diseases such as
966:, who was elected as the league's Secretary by 1909. In 1906,
603:
Various efforts have been suggested and undertaken to address
11712:
11597:
11198:
11132:
10740:
10438:
8117:
7036:"Understanding The History Behind Communities' Vaccine Fears"
6376:
4452:
4082:
Gu, Jiayan; Dor, Avi; Li, Kun; et al. (March 25, 2022).
2749:"Misinformation research is buckling under GOP legal attacks"
2155:
1251:
1108:
1067:
67:, is a set of organized activities proclaiming opposition to
7939:"Unvaccinated TikTokers Are Calling Themselves 'Purebloods'"
7318:"Two more deaths from measles in samoa over new year period"
4887:"Chapter 12 – The rise of anti-vaccine societies in Britain"
3687:
2015 48th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
1967:"Content and design attributes of antivaccination web sites"
1284:
In some instances, anti-vaccine rhetoric has been traced to
458:
by spreading anti-vaccine misinformation in the Philippines.
440:
Personal attacks on critics, ranging from online criticism,
11007:
7627:
Wilson, Steven Lloyd; Wiysonge, Charles (October 1, 2020).
4508:
3608:
6344:"Link between MMR Vaccines and Autism conclusively broken"
3020:
2963:
2369:
1502:
Benoit, Staci L.; Mauldin, Rachel F. (November 17, 2021).
986:, with anti-vaccination campaigns focused on New York and
900:
London Society for the Abolition of Compulsory Vaccination
7591:
7552:
4333:
3361:
2223:"The Anti-Immunization Activists: A Pattern of Deception"
946:, which was described as the "Mecca of antivaccination".
91:, it has utilized multiple tools both within traditional
7608:"Russian Anti-Vaccine Disinformation Campaign Backfires"
7214:"Anatomy of an epidemic: How measles took hold of Samoa"
6512:
4177:"Vaccine-related advertising in the Facebook Ad Archive"
3128:
2463:
2242:
1895:"Australian Vaccination Network told to change its name"
1771:
Teng, Shasha; Jiang, Nan; Khong, Kok Wei (May 6, 2022).
1115:
studies were undertaken. Reviews of the evidence by the
561:, and was the first person in that country to receive a
5307:"Antivaccination Propaganda: The Bane And Its Antidote"
4845:. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 87–94.
3188:"Fact vs Fallacy: The Anti-Vaccine Discussion Reloaded"
1647:
949:
7973:
The Deadly Rise of Anti-science: A Scientist's Warning
7296:"'Why My Baby?' How Measles Robbed Samoa of Its Young"
5878:"A Broken Trust: Lessons from the Vaccine–Autism Wars"
5816:
5370:"Loat, Lily (1879/80–1958), anti-vaccination activist"
2941:
The Deadly Rise of Anti-science: A Scientist's Warning
2006:
1320:. In another 2023 incident, college basketball player
859:
589:
The Deadly Rise of Anti-science: A Scientist's Warning
462:
437:
Misrepresentation, false logic and illogical analogies
52:
Rally of the Anti-Vaccination League of Canada in 1919
7920:"Vaccine misinformation spawns 'pure blood' movement"
7259:
6811:
4953:
Cawkwell, Philip B.; Oshinsky, David (October 2015).
3510:
West, Jevin D.; Bergstrom, Carl T. (April 13, 2021).
2129:
973:
803:
783:
Vaccination itself was invented by British physician
7157:
6805:
4719:
3725:
2701:
Myers, Steven Lee; Frenkel, Sheera (June 19, 2023).
2125:
2123:
2121:
2119:
1375:
678:
United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
9514:
7425:
7372:
7122:
7120:
7118:
7116:
6614:"MMR scare doctor 'acted unethically', panel finds"
4420:
4081:
3976:Bauder, David; Liedtke, Michael (October 4, 2021).
921:in 1879. William White was the first editor of the
598:
568:In June 2023, Texas-based physician and researcher
7895:
6583:"MMR doctor Andrew Wakefield fixed data on autism"
5426:. Ransom Center Magazine. Retrieved June 20, 2021.
5368:
5115:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004.
5104:
5049:
4272:"Facebook and Instagram ban US anti-vaccine group"
4007:What's New in Publishing | Digital Publishing News
2957:
2073:
1711:Wolfe, Robert M; Sharp, Lisa K (August 24, 2002).
11870:Cedillo v. Secretary of Health and Human Services
5459:
5457:
4053:
2116:
2076:"Antivaccination activists on the world wide web"
1930:Pew Research Center: Internet, Science & Tech
11956:
7548:"LA COVID-19 Vaccinations Delayed By Protesters"
7113:
6741:"How the vaccine crisis was meant to make money"
6700:"How the case against the MMR vaccine was fixed"
6274:
6248:
5597:
5595:
5582:Millward, Gareth (2019). "Chapter 2: Smallpox".
4952:
4448:
4446:
4444:
3684:
3079:"How to Address COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation"
2669:"Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)"
2431:"Public Health: The Tobacco Strategy Entrenched"
1964:
7347:"Population & Demography Indicator Summary"
7151:
7091:
6854:
6664:
6605:
6062:Immunization Safety Review: Vaccines and Autism
6026:
5436:
5434:
5432:
5248:
4708:. Medical Heritage Library. September 22, 2019.
4574:Lacy, Leandra; Solosi, Izabela (May 27, 2022).
3516:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
3101:OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
2612:
1965:Wolfe, R; Sharp, L; Lipsky, M (June 26, 2002).
1155:misconduct in May 2010, and was struck off the
1031:for members of religious organizations such as
36:An anti-vaccination activist holds a sign at a
7626:
7587:"Why Russian trolls stoked US vaccine debates"
7450:
6636:
6397:
6129:Immunisation Information. 2004. Archived from
5776:
5454:
5167:
5165:
5163:
5161:
5159:
5157:
5155:
4684:(1 ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press.
3646:Bode, Leticia; Vraga, Emily K. (August 2015).
3302:
3241:
3239:
2558:
2556:
2502:
2470:Bing, Chris; Schectman, Joel (June 14, 2024).
1770:
576:'s podcast. Rogan, Kennedy, and Twitter owner
10830:
8533:
8299:
8059:
6732:
5934:
5592:
5467:. University of California Press. pp. 52–54.
4649:
4441:
3995:
3975:
3509:
2469:
1777:Humanities and Social Sciences Communications
1501:
1446:COVID-19 vaccine misinformation and hesitancy
1269:COVID-19 vaccine misinformation and hesitancy
1262:
854:National Anti-Compulsory Vaccination Reporter
687:
396:
10501:
7866:
7782:Payton, L'oreal Thompson (January 3, 2023).
7368:
7366:
7364:
7180:
6540:"Dispatches. MMR: What They Didn't Tell You"
6313:
6207:
6205:
6115:
5577:
5575:
5429:
5379:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
5171:
3615:Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review
3252:Psychological Science in the Public Interest
2700:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2290:
1960:
1958:
1706:
1704:
929:and her husband authored an article for the
625:
611:and emotional aspects need to be addressed.
218:A high degree of interlinkage between sites.
209:, difficulty in checking sources and claims.
7964:
7888:"Behind the birth of an anti-vaccine story"
7341:
7339:
7337:
6691:
6673:"Lancet retracts 'utterly false' MMR paper"
6364:
6158:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
6034:"Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine"
5542:Journal of the American Medical Association
5152:
4994:
4988:
4948:
4946:
4944:
4942:
4940:
3575:
3573:
3236:
2846:
2553:
1579:
1577:
1366:Journal of the American Medical Association
768:. A greater source of opposition there was
10837:
10823:
9046:
8066:
8052:
7287:
7174:
7158:Agence France-Presse (November 28, 2019).
7105:. Government of Samoa. November 16, 2019.
5444:. University of Rochester Press. pp. 4–5.
4912:
4910:
4573:
4416:
4414:
3083:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2847:Nowogrodzki, Julian (September 21, 2023).
2220:
1710:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1117:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1091:falsely claimed the vaccine was linked to
1043:
403:
389:
8023:
7886:Thompson, Stuart A. (December 13, 2023).
7727:
7709:
7660:
7546:Schwartz, Matthew S. (January 31, 2021).
7419:
7373:Government of Samoa (December 22, 2019).
7361:
7205:
6880:
6715:
6574:
6563:
6202:
6185:
6009:
5960:
5928:
5911:
5893:
5852:
5834:
5764:. Kyra Schwartz Technical Writing Samples
5627:
5572:
5562:. University of California Press. p. 74.
5521:
5332:
5251:"The Anti-Vaccination Society of America"
5199:
5030:
4923:. Duke University Press. pp. 41–42.
4891:A History of Vaccines and their Opponents
4880:
4878:
4799:
4650:Lopez-Lloreda, Claudia (April 23, 2021).
4618:
4542:
4478:
4394:
4376:
4346:
4344:
4200:
4027:
4021:
3900:
3835:
3759:
3645:
3622:
3553:
3535:
3503:
3460:
3442:
3338:
3320:
3263:
3219:
3162:
3054:
2989:
2761:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2644:
2588:
2520:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2399:1983/889ddb0f-0d44-44f4-a54f-57c260ae4917
2397:
2387:
2333:
2304:
2287:
2270:
2260:
2181:
2099:
2050:
2032:
1955:
1788:
1744:
1701:
1665:
1617:
1537:
1519:
1218:
232:
145:
9195:
7885:
7545:
7426:Government of Samoa (December 9, 2019).
7334:
7228:
6944:
6897:
6812:Godlee F, Smith J, Marcovitch H (2011).
6788:"The Lancet's two days to bury bad news"
6461:
6336:
6211:
5782:
5650:
5581:
5001:Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
4937:
4840:
4834:
4739:
3852:
3580:Fellmeth, Robert C. (January 20, 2023).
3579:
3570:
3490:Pew Research Center's Journalism Project
2919:
2913:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2074:Davies, P; Chapman, S; Leask, J (2002).
1942:
1667:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-090419-102240
1340:. Also, anti-vaccine activists believed
903:
732:
595:working on polio vaccination campaigns.
47:
31:
8984:
8073:
7951:
7684:Grimes, David Robert (March 12, 2021).
7677:
7620:
7605:
7524:
7479:
7469:from the original on December 10, 2019.
7456:
7310:
7306:from the original on December 31, 2019.
7224:from the original on December 10, 2019.
7201:from the original on December 18, 2019.
7170:from the original on November 29, 2019.
7147:from the original on December 21, 2019.
6950:
6903:
6670:
6642:
6611:
6391:
6257:"BMJ Lifts Curtain on MMR-Autism Fraud"
5608:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
5376:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
5362:
5360:
5224:"History of Anti-vaccination Movements"
5216:
5112:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
5099:
5097:
4916:
4907:
4586:
4504:
4502:
4500:
4498:
4411:
4155:
4136:
4130:
3969:
3782:
3776:
3410:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3118:
2149:
1887:
1713:"Anti-vaccinationists past and present"
1554:
762:Religious arguments against inoculation
700:
14:
11957:
7781:
7750:
7683:
7585:Howard, Jacqueline (August 24, 2018).
7584:
7457:Barrett, Jonathan (December 9, 2019).
7415:from the original on December 2, 2019.
7357:from the original on December 8, 2019.
7283:from the original on December 8, 2019.
7247:from the original on December 10, 2019
7211:
7109:from the original on December 1, 2019.
6785:
6738:
6697:
6434:
6280:
5977:
5503:
5366:
5044:
5042:
4884:
4875:
4677:
4341:
3949:
3943:
3719:
3678:
3604:
3602:
3355:
3179:
2970:Asian Pacific Journal of Public Health
2726:
2715:
2491:
2428:
2422:
2305:MacDonald, Noni E (November 5, 2020).
2236:
1923:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1766:
1764:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1074:greatly outweigh its potential risks.
497:Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System
199:Promiscuous copying and reduplication.
182:
59:, which collectively constitutes the "
10818:
10707:
10550:
9926:
9513:
9332:
9194:
9045:
8983:
8532:
8443:
8298:
8094:
8047:
7970:
7794:from the original on January 16, 2023
7525:Roberts, Lizzie (December 19, 2021).
7330:from the original on January 7, 2020.
7234:
7073:"Measles | Cases and Outbreaks | CDC"
7046:
7027:
6972:
6624:from the original on January 28, 2010
6440:
6370:
6254:
5983:
5875:
5255:College of Physicians of Philadelphia
5228:College of Physicians of Philadelphia
5172:Porter, Dorothy; Porter, Roy (1988).
5007:(8). Duke University Press: 384–385.
4843:Angel Of Death; the story of smallpox
4785:
4756:
4730:
3795:
3512:"Misinformation in and about science"
3483:
3477:
3014:
2938:
2920:Bostwick, Will (September 19, 2023).
2820:
2794:
2788:
2767:
2687:
2503:van der Linden, Sander (March 2022).
2429:Cranor, Carl F. (September 5, 2008).
2358:
2000:
1917:
7952:Spitzer, Jennifer (August 3, 2022).
7936:
7812:
7763:from the original on January 4, 2023
7629:"Social media and vaccine hesitancy"
7606:Dettmer, Jamie (November 18, 2021).
7480:Cassidy, Caitlin (October 4, 2021).
7294:Kwai, Isabella (December 19, 2019).
7293:
7212:Clarke, Melissa (December 8, 2019).
7126:
7033:
6978:
6916:
6860:
6580:
6537:
6521:
6494:
6473:
6445:. WWAY Newschannel 3. Archived from
6319:
6052:
5701:
5357:
5094:
4893:. Academic Press. pp. 167–179.
4748:. New York: Appleton. Archived from
4495:
4326:
4307:
4288:
4282:
4028:Sutcliffe, Chris (October 1, 2021).
3639:
3296:
3115:
3089:
2249:Journal of Medical Internet Research
1838:
956:The National Anti-Vaccination League
950:The National Anti-Vaccination League
164:
9701:The Protocols of the Elders of Zion
8355:
7840:
7438:from the original on March 16, 2020
7385:from the original on March 16, 2020
7235:Whyte, Chelsea (December 6, 2019).
7052:
6922:
6671:Boseley, Sarah (February 2, 2010).
6400:The New England Journal of Medicine
5242:
5039:
4251:
4245:
4054:Graham, Jefferson (March 7, 2019).
3917:
3599:
3309:JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
1926:"The Online Health Care Revolution"
1903:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
1813:
1761:
1634:
1436:Anti-vaccinationism in chiropractic
992:Anti-Vaccination Society of America
870:Anti-Vaccination Society of America
860:Anti-Vaccination Society of America
711:Strategic Advisory Group of Experts
657:/ World Mercury Project chaired by
536:to study disinformation as well as
463:Economics of vaccine disinformation
442:publicly revealing personal details
171:National Vaccine Information Center
24:
11975:Health-related conspiracy theories
11897:Eradication of infectious diseases
11654:Androvax (androstenedione albumin)
10469:Springfield, Ohio, cat-eating hoax
7975:. Johns Hopkins University Press.
7867:O'Rourke, Ciara (March 29, 2022).
7813:Loka, Gayathri (January 9, 2023).
7510:. February 8, 2021. Archived from
6951:Axelrod, Jim (February 10, 2015).
6612:Triggle, Nick (January 28, 2010).
6441:Jasek, Marissa (January 6, 2011).
5062:from the original on June 18, 2022
4252:Sun, Lena H. (November 16, 2019).
4075:
3950:Nossel, Suzanne (April 29, 2021).
3929:Advocacy, Legislation & Issues
3732:Social Network Analysis and Mining
2943:. Johns Hopkins University Press.
2795:Munce, Megan Fan (June 19, 2023).
2727:Starks, Tim (September 25, 2023).
2314:Canada Communicable Disease Report
1324:experienced cardiac arrest at the
1316:about Hamlin's cardiac arrest and
1300:experienced an in-game episode of
974:Anti-Vaccination League of America
804:Anti-Compulsory Vaccination League
682:Supreme Court of the United States
221:Dishonest or fallacious arguments.
192:sold by certain of the activists.
95:and also through various forms of
25:
11991:
11487:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
10101:Western-backed Iranian Revolution
9833:Proposed "Islamo-leftism" inquiry
7937:Owen, Tess (September 15, 2021).
7751:Ecarma, Caleb (January 3, 2023).
7127:Deer, Brian (December 20, 2019).
6474:Deer, Brian (February 22, 2004).
5937:"Improving uptake of MMR vaccine"
5249:Karie Youngdahl (March 8, 2012).
4435:10.1377/forefront.20210721.568098
4156:Kennedy, Brigid (July 22, 2021).
4137:Beckett, Lois (January 6, 2021).
3484:Atske, Sara (February 22, 2021).
2821:Maruf, Ramishah (June 19, 2023).
1924:Rainie, Lee (November 26, 2000).
1330:University of Southern California
150:
11876:Alternative vaccination schedule
10846:Artificial induction of immunity
9560:Gas chambers for Poles in Warsaw
9497:Pont-Saint-Esprit mass poisoning
8863:South African Airways Flight 295
7989:
7945:
7930:
7912:
7879:
7860:
7834:
7806:
7775:
7744:
7599:
7578:
7560:
7539:
7518:
7494:
7473:
7397:
7220:. Australian Broadcasting Corp.
7065:
6904:Boseley, Sarah (July 18, 2018).
6779:
6645:"MMR doctor struck off register"
6581:Deer, Brian (February 8, 2009).
6476:"Revealed: MMR research scandal"
6371:Broyd, Nicky (January 6, 2011).
6283:"The fraud behind the MMR scare"
6145:
5869:
5810:
5783:Goldacre, B. (August 30, 2008).
5754:
5702:Dyer, Clare (February 2, 2010).
5695:
5644:
5552:
5530:
5497:
5477:
4327:Cole, Devan (October 20, 2023).
4289:Lima, Cristiano (June 5, 2023).
3925:"First Amendment and Censorship"
2009:"Debunking in a world of tribes"
1943:Brumfiel, Geoff (May 12, 2021).
1420:
1406:
1392:
1378:
1360:Prominent biomedical researcher
938:of which the most prominent was
599:Countering anti-vaccine activism
10144:Petrograd Military Organization
9667:International Jewish conspiracy
9515:Race, religion and/or ethnicity
9177:Denial of the 7 October attacks
9002:California drought manipulation
8016:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.1154
6923:Ziv, Stav (February 10, 2015).
6320:Deer, Brian (January 6, 2011).
6255:Gever, John (January 5, 2011).
5708:retracts Wakefield's MMR paper"
5538:"Antivaccinationists in Albany"
5483:Altenbaugh, Richard J. (2018).
5416:
5299:
5287:
5273:
5074:
4859:
4713:
4698:
4671:
4643:
4567:
4320:
4308:Cole, Devan (October 3, 2023).
4301:
4264:
4217:
4168:
4149:
4047:
3956:American Federation of Teachers
3783:Yaraghi, Niam (April 9, 2019).
3147:10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112552
3071:
2932:
2895:
2840:
2814:
2741:
2661:
2214:
2067:
1456:List of anti-vaccination groups
1142:An investigation by journalist
1129:US National Academy of Sciences
1038:
997:
510:
11708:Ovandrotone albumin (Fecundin)
10093:Israel-related animal theories
7053:Sun, Lena H. (April 9, 2023).
6643:Triggle, Nick (May 24, 2010).
6170:10.1002/14651858.CD004407.pub4
5935:McIntyre, P; Leask, J (2008).
5620:10.1002/14651858.CD004407.pub5
5588:. Manchester University Press.
5510:History of Education Quarterly
4726:. New York: Appleton & Co.
4599:Journal of Behavioral Medicine
1936:
1654:Annual Review of Public Health
1495:
1441:Big Pharma conspiracy theories
1121:American Academy of Pediatrics
896:subject for the common good".
684:, pending further litigation.
75:have often fought to increase
13:
1:
11239:Group B streptococcal disease
11058:Vaccines for Children Program
10265:First Catilinarian conspiracy
9297:Ideology in incel communities
5653:The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
5294:"Frances Hoggan MD 1843–1927"
4995:Fitzpatrick, Michael (2005).
4974:10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.08.087
4771:10.1016/S0160-9327(00)01376-4
4193:10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.10.066
4100:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.02.062
3380:10.1080/10410236.2020.1794553
3135:Social Science & Medicine
2637:10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.07.035
1857:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.11.112
1602:10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00136-8
1488:
780:, who had settled in Boston.
584:confronting him at his home.
559:COVID-19 pandemic in Slovakia
547:
518:Stanford Internet Observatory
10708:
10631:Freeman on the land movement
10521:Maricopa County ballot audit
10479:"Vast right-wing conspiracy"
9927:
8896:Malaysia Airlines Flight 370
8180:Global catastrophe scenarios
8095:
7711:10.1371/journal.pone.0245900
6071:National Academy of Sciences
6002:10.7861/clinmedicine.7-6-562
5895:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000114
5876:Gross, Liza (May 26, 2009).
5410:UK public library membership
5146:UK public library membership
4736:Early religious opposition:
4378:10.1371/journal.pone.0265957
3808:Clinical Infectious Diseases
3444:10.1371/journal.pone.0210746
2034:10.1371/journal.pone.0181821
1717:BMJ: British Medical Journal
1213:vaccine-preventable diseases
852:which later merged into the
81:vaccine-based misinformation
27:Activism against vaccination
7:
10795:Science by press conference
10768:Online youth radicalization
10687:Ted Cruz–Zodiac Killer meme
10374:CIA assistance to bin Laden
10007:(outside the United States)
9171:Malaysia Airlines Flight 17
9117:Mozambican presidential jet
8857:United Air Lines Flight 553
8388:Interdimensional hypothesis
8084:List of conspiracy theories
7034:Sohn, Emily (May 3, 2017).
6979:Dyer, Owen (May 16, 2017).
6786:Deer B (January 18, 2011).
6739:Deer B (January 11, 2011).
5953:10.1136/bmj.39503.508484.80
5548:(6): 520. February 6, 1915.
5367:Kramer, Molly Baer (2004).
5312:The British Medical Journal
1839:Kata, Anna (May 28, 2012).
1371:
1229:2019 Samoa measles outbreak
1225:2019–2020 measles outbreaks
778:Fellow of the Royal Society
638:Criticized for its role in
10:
11996:
10069:Middle East / North Africa
9469:oral polio AIDS hypothesis
9333:
7351:Samoa Bureau of Statistics
6281:Godlee, F (January 2011).
5984:Pepys MB (December 2007).
5440:Walloch, Karen L. (2015).
5084:. Routledge. pp. 186–187.
4611:10.1007/s10865-022-00284-8
4527:10.1007/s11524-021-00594-3
3744:10.1007/s13278-021-00739-x
3204:10.1007/s12325-020-01502-y
2873:10.1038/d41586-023-02981-z
2522:10.1038/s41591-022-01713-6
2389:10.1038/s44159-021-00006-y
1790:10.1057/s41599-022-01185-6
1521:10.1186/s12889-021-12114-8
1461:Oral polio AIDS hypothesis
1266:
1263:COVID-19 pandemic activism
1047:
814:Compulsory Vaccination Act
727:
695:Social Vulnerability Index
688:Use of algorithms and data
663:Stop Mandatory Vaccination
495:In the United States, the
114:such as various myths and
11915:
11884:
11823:
11755:
11646:
11618:
11585:
11254:
11085:
11078:
10997:
10925:
10877:
10714:
10703:
10659:
10616:
10557:
10551:
10546:
10320:
10209:
10162:
10121:
10068:
10003:
9937:
9933:
9922:
9846:
9798:
9752:
9610:
9520:
9509:
9339:
9328:
9201:
9190:
9055:
9041:
8992:
8979:
8940:
8905:
8802:
8543:
8539:
8534:Deaths and disappearances
8528:
8399:Estimate of the Situation
8305:
8300:Astronomy and outer space
8294:
8218:
8105:
8101:
8090:
8081:
7645:10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004206
7274:World Health Organization
6556:10.1136/bmj.329.7477.1293
6214:Annals of Pharmacotherapy
5986:"Science and serendipity"
5762:"Public Health Education"
5558:Colgrove, James. (2006).
5463:Colgrove, James. (2006).
5192:10.1017/s0025727300048225
2982:10.1177/10105395231158866
2376:Nature Reviews Psychology
2326:10.14745/ccdr.v46i1112a11
2183:10.1038/s41586-020-2281-1
1241:World Health Organization
892:Jacobson v. Massachusetts
876:, and opposed compulsory
655:Children's Health Defense
626:Operation of social media
540:to report their results.
478:published a study of the
18:Anti-vaccination movement
11234:Clostridioides difficile
10608:Shakespearean authorship
10586:Shadow government claims
10389:Election denial movement
10285:Lilla Saltsjöbadsavtalet
8727:Diana, Princess of Wales
8278:Psychological projection
8261:Mass psychogenic illness
7971:Hotez, Peter J. (2023).
6589:. London. Archived from
5791:. London. Archived from
5504:Tolley, Kim (May 2019).
5422:Yang, Jennifer. (2014).
3652:Journal of Communication
3265:10.1177/1529100612451018
2939:Hotez, Peter J. (2023).
2569:Journal of Communication
1986:10.1001/jama.287.24.3245
1729:10.1136/bmj.325.7361.430
772:, a medical graduate of
526:University of Washington
475:Journal of Communication
456:Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine
11497:Tick-borne encephalitis
10725:Conspiracy Encyclopedia
10719:Argument from ignorance
10419:Philadelphia Experiment
10028:Avro Arrow cancellation
9853:Denial of mass killings
9535:COVID-19 and xenophobia
9019:Free energy suppression
8210:Urban legends and myths
8135:power behind the throne
5080:Barrow, Logie. (2016).
4917:Durbach, Nadja (2005).
4885:Tizard, Ian R. (2023).
4515:Journal of Urban Health
3885:10.1073/pnas.2210666120
3537:10.1073/pnas.1912444117
3047:10.1073/pnas.2208110120
2449:10.1126/science.1162339
1481:Thiomersal and vaccines
1338:congenital heart defect
1273:COVID-19 misinformation
1180:British Medical Journal
1152:General Medical Council
1133:National Health Service
1050:Lancet MMR autism fraud
1044:Lancet MMR autism fraud
605:concerns about vaccines
158:British Medical Journal
155:In a 2002 paper in the
11907:List of vaccine topics
10902:Mathematical modelling
10763:Historical negationism
10182:Operation Sledgehammer
9948:Cow vigilante violence
9640:during the Black Death
8827:Great Kantō earthquake
8697:GEC-Marconi scientists
8643:Martin Luther King Jr.
8406:Lake Michigan Triangle
8375:Black Knight satellite
8236:Communal reinforcement
8150:Political conspiracies
8003:JAMA Internal Medicine
6524:"The Wakefield factor"
6518:2004 BBC documentary:
5385:10.1093/ref:odnb/50749
5121:10.1093/ref:odnb/49483
3695:10.1109/HICSS.2015.288
3689:. pp. 2406–2414.
1476:MMR vaccine and autism
1466:Vaccine misinformation
1219:2019 measles outbreaks
1056:MMR vaccine and autism
1024:Joseph A. Califano Jr.
909:
797:
670:preliminary injunction
360:Vaccine misinformation
233:Disinformation tactics
215:on individual doctors.
146:Strategies and tactics
73:collaborating networks
53:
45:
11902:Vaccinate Your Family
11353:Japanese encephalitis
10491:Stab-in-the-back myth
10295:Clockwork Orange plot
9813:Bihar human sacrifice
9744:Stab-in-the-back myth
9567:German POWs post-WWII
9449:Germ theory denialism
9444:Electronic harassment
9165:Smolensk air disaster
9129:Oklahoma City bombing
9007:Climate change denial
8803:Accidents / disasters
8739:Nepalese royal family
8226:Attitude polarization
7353:. December 22, 2019.
6067:Institute of Medicine
5325:10.1136/bmj.2.2166.50
5319:(2166): 50–52. 1902.
4752:on February 23, 2023.
4459:Rand Health Quarterly
2909:. September 19, 2023.
2907:WBUR / Here & Now
2757:. September 23, 2023.
1451:Germ theory denialism
1354:Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
1292:conspiracy theories.
1267:Further information:
1148:conflicts of interest
1125:Institute of Medicine
907:
842:Charles Thomas Pearce
819:Our Medical Liberties
793:
733:18th and 19th century
659:Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
469:illusory truth effect
365:Anti-vaccine activism
317:Measles/Mumps/Rubella
284:COVID-19 vaccine card
190:alternative medicines
85:active disinformation
57:Anti-vaccine activism
51:
35:
11970:Autism pseudoscience
11785:John Franklin Enders
10562:Dead Internet theory
10053:Daktari Ranch affair
9838:Trojan Horse scandal
9216:anti-gender movement
9196:Gender and sexuality
9153:Madrid train bombing
9099:Lufthansa Flight 615
8787:Sushant Singh Rajput
8327:Apollo Moon landings
8231:Cognitive dissonance
7900:on December 15, 2023
7465:. New York, NY, US.
6861:Deer, Brian (2011).
6593:on February 27, 2014
6538:Deer, Brian (2004).
6522:Deer, Brian (2007).
6497:"The Lancet scandal"
6495:Deer, Brian (2007).
6412:10.1056/NEJMp1010594
4678:Tolley, Kim (2023).
4657:Smithsonian Magazine
3814:(Suppl 3): e34–e39.
3624:10.37016/mr-2020-124
3368:Health Communication
1060:scientific consensus
1033:Christian Scientists
1005:smallpox eradication
931:Vaccination Inquirer
923:Vaccination Inquirer
915:Vaccination Inquirer
878:smallpox vaccination
774:Edinburgh University
701:Community engagement
674:Biden Administration
370:Vaccine line jumping
136:scientific consensus
97:online communication
10966:Virus-like particle
10890:Vaccine ingredients
10636:Redemption movement
10404:Georgia Guidestones
9677:Cultural Bolshevism
9316:Soy and masculinity
8986:Energy, environment
8890:EgyptAir Flight 990
8631:Lal Bahadur Shastri
8601:Subhas Chandra Bose
8075:Conspiracy theories
7926:. January 25, 2023.
7702:2021PLoSO..1645900G
7532:The Daily Telegraph
7507:The Times of Israel
7326:. January 7, 2020.
6103:on October 26, 2009
5836:10.7759/cureus.2919
5795:on February 6, 2015
5487:. Palgrave. p. 51.
4841:Williams G (2010).
4810:10.1385/SCR:1:4:345
4427:Health Affairs Blog
4369:2022PLoSO..1765957B
4233:. November 14, 2019
3877:2023PNAS..12010666K
3820:10.1093/cid/ciac109
3528:2021PNAS..11812444W
3522:(15): e1912444117.
3435:2019PLoSO..1410746P
3192:Advances in Therapy
3085:. November 3, 2021.
3039:2023PNAS..12008110A
2865:2023Natur.621..681N
2754:The Washington Post
2734:The Washington Post
2675:. February 27, 2019
2581:10.1093/joc/jqac043
2174:2020Natur.582..230J
2092:10.1136/adc.87.1.22
2025:2017PLoSO..1281821Z
1905:. November 25, 2013
1471:Vaccines and autism
968:George Bernard Shaw
940:Peter Alfred Taylor
850:Occasional Circular
522:Stanford University
503:, and inconsistent
258:General information
183:Information quality
116:conspiracy theories
11942:Never to phase III
11741:Hexavalent vaccine
11555:Epstein–Barr virus
11450:Oxford–AstraZeneca
11138:NmVac4-A/C/Y/W-135
10731:Conspiracy fiction
10641:Sovereign citizens
10394:FBI secret society
10379:Clinton body count
10189:Gezi Park protests
10154:Ukraine bioweapons
9953:Greater Bangladesh
9695:Judeo-Masonic plot
9492:Water fluoridation
9459:HIV/AIDS denialism
9206:Alpha / beta males
9105:Widerøe Flight 933
8583:Władysław Sikorski
8322:Ancient astronauts
7892:The New York Times
7300:The New York Times
6751:(jan11 4): c5258.
6710:(jan05 1): c5347.
6133:on January 7, 2013
5523:10.1017/heq.2019.3
5058:. April 20, 2003.
4278:. August 19, 2022.
4009:. October 26, 2020
3871:(7): e2210666120.
3664:10.1111/jcom.12166
3033:(5): e2208110120.
2708:The New York Times
1596:(10380): 967–970.
1350:The New York Times
1205:Tea Party movement
1173:s editor-in-chief
982:and industrialist
980:Charles M. Higgins
910:
375:Vaccine resistance
54:
46:
11980:Activism by issue
11965:Vaccine hesitancy
11952:
11951:
11864:Vaccines and SIDS
11751:
11750:
11525:Hepatitis A and B
11501:Varicella zoster
10958:Subunit/component
10812:
10811:
10808:
10807:
10699:
10698:
10695:
10694:
10677:Birds Aren't Real
10542:
10541:
10538:
10537:
10534:
10533:
10364:Black helicopters
10275:Mano Negra affair
10245:Itavia Flight 870
10172:2016 coup attempt
10076:In the Arab world
10008:
9918:
9917:
9914:
9913:
9906:Serbs during WWII
9823:Great Replacement
9681:Jewish Bolshevism
9597:War against Islam
9576:Product labeling
9545:French Revolution
9505:
9504:
9344:5G misinformation
9324:
9323:
9186:
9185:
9141:advance knowledge
9123:Pan Am Flight 103
9037:
9036:
8975:
8974:
8971:
8970:
8919:Yemenite children
8649:Robert F. Kennedy
8625:Lee Harvey Oswald
8607:Johnny Stompanato
8524:
8523:
8520:
8519:
8516:
8515:
8477:Aztec, New Mexico
8380:Cryptoterrestrial
8290:
8289:
8286:
8285:
8241:Confirmation bias
7633:BMJ Global Health
7514:on April 5, 2021.
7323:Radio New Zealand
6997:10.1136/bmj.j2378
6882:10.1136/bmj.c5347
6832:10.1136/bmj.c7452
6757:10.1136/bmj.c5258
6717:10.1136/bmj.c5347
6352:. January 7, 2011
6324:. BMJ Group Blogs
6226:10.1345/aph.1Q318
6088:978-0-309-09237-1
5990:Clinical Medicine
5665:10.1345/aph.1Q318
5659:(10): 1302–1304.
5568:978-0-520-24749-9
5493:978-3-319-96348-8
5473:978-0-520-24749-9
5450:978-1-58046-537-3
5408:(Subscription or
5394:978-0-19-861412-8
5144:(Subscription or
5130:978-0-19-861412-8
5090:978-1-138-66565-1
4968:(43): 5884–5887.
4930:978-0-8223-3423-1
4900:978-0-443-13434-0
4852:978-0-230-27471-6
4788:Stem Cell Reviews
4740:White AD (1896).
4691:978-1-4214-4761-2
4094:(14): 2209–2214.
3704:978-1-4799-7367-5
3374:(13): 1776–1784.
3198:(11): 4481–4490.
2859:(7980): 681–682.
2801:Houston Chronicle
2631:(36): 4398–4405.
2320:(1112): 432–435.
2168:(7811): 230–233.
1851:(25): 3778–3789.
1723:(7361): 430–432.
1508:BMC Public Health
1318:COVID-19 vaccines
1279:COVID-19 pandemic
1085:and published in
984:John Pitcairn Jr.
942:, the member for
846:Mary Hume-Rothery
747:Vaccine hesitancy
640:vaccine hesitancy
538:freedom of speech
480:political economy
413:
412:
355:Vaccine hesitancy
165:Misrepresentation
105:political debates
79:by disseminating
77:vaccine hesitancy
38:Tea Party Express
16:(Redirected from
11987:
11843:MMR autism fraud
11790:Maurice Hilleman
11775:Hilary Koprowski
11083:
11082:
10839:
10832:
10825:
10816:
10815:
10746:pseudoskepticism
10705:
10704:
10614:
10613:
10548:
10547:
10499:
10498:
10384:Cultural Marxism
10225:Global War Party
10006:
9935:
9934:
9924:
9923:
9724:Killing of Jesus
9672:Committee of 300
9655:Holocaust denial
9608:
9607:
9592:Tartarian Empire
9562:
9553:
9530:CERN ritual hoax
9525:Bhagwa Love Trap
9511:
9510:
9464:origins theories
9349:Anti-vaccination
9330:
9329:
9280:Transvestigation
9192:
9191:
9043:
9042:
8981:
8980:
8941:Body double hoax
8775:Alejandro Castro
8673:Pope John Paul I
8655:Salvador Allende
8589:Benito Mussolini
8541:
8540:
8530:
8529:
8483:Southern England
8441:
8440:
8384:Extraterrestrial
8353:
8352:
8315:Nibiru cataclysm
8296:
8295:
8251:Locus of control
8205:Secret societies
8103:
8102:
8092:
8091:
8068:
8061:
8054:
8045:
8044:
8038:
8037:
8027:
7993:
7987:
7986:
7968:
7962:
7961:
7949:
7943:
7942:
7934:
7928:
7927:
7916:
7910:
7909:
7907:
7905:
7899:
7894:. Archived from
7883:
7877:
7876:
7864:
7858:
7857:
7855:
7853:
7841:Polacek, Scott.
7838:
7832:
7831:
7829:
7827:
7810:
7804:
7803:
7801:
7799:
7779:
7773:
7772:
7770:
7768:
7748:
7742:
7741:
7731:
7713:
7681:
7675:
7674:
7664:
7624:
7618:
7617:
7613:Voice of America
7603:
7597:
7596:
7582:
7576:
7575:
7564:
7558:
7557:
7543:
7537:
7536:
7522:
7516:
7515:
7498:
7492:
7491:
7477:
7471:
7470:
7454:
7448:
7447:
7445:
7443:
7423:
7417:
7416:
7401:
7395:
7394:
7392:
7390:
7370:
7359:
7358:
7343:
7332:
7331:
7314:
7308:
7307:
7291:
7285:
7284:
7282:
7271:
7263:
7257:
7256:
7254:
7252:
7232:
7226:
7225:
7209:
7203:
7202:
7178:
7172:
7171:
7155:
7149:
7148:
7124:
7111:
7110:
7095:
7089:
7088:
7086:
7084:
7079:. March 24, 2019
7069:
7063:
7062:
7050:
7044:
7043:
7031:
7025:
7024:
6976:
6970:
6969:
6967:
6965:
6948:
6942:
6941:
6939:
6937:
6920:
6914:
6913:
6901:
6895:
6894:
6884:
6858:
6852:
6851:
6809:
6803:
6802:
6800:
6798:
6783:
6777:
6776:
6736:
6730:
6729:
6719:
6695:
6689:
6688:
6686:
6684:
6668:
6662:
6661:
6659:
6657:
6640:
6634:
6633:
6631:
6629:
6609:
6603:
6602:
6600:
6598:
6587:The Sunday Times
6578:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6534:
6532:
6530:
6516:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6503:
6491:
6489:
6487:
6480:The Sunday Times
6468:The Sunday Times
6465:
6459:
6458:
6456:
6454:
6449:on July 24, 2011
6438:
6432:
6431:
6395:
6389:
6388:
6386:
6384:
6368:
6362:
6361:
6359:
6357:
6340:
6334:
6333:
6331:
6329:
6317:
6311:
6310:
6293:(jan06 1): d22.
6278:
6272:
6271:
6269:
6267:
6252:
6246:
6245:
6209:
6200:
6199:
6189:
6149:
6143:
6142:
6140:
6138:
6119:
6113:
6112:
6110:
6108:
6099:. Archived from
6056:
6050:
6049:
6047:
6045:
6040:on April 7, 2008
6030:
6024:
6023:
6013:
5981:
5975:
5974:
5964:
5947:(7647): 729–30.
5932:
5926:
5925:
5915:
5897:
5873:
5867:
5866:
5856:
5838:
5814:
5808:
5804:
5802:
5800:
5780:
5774:
5773:
5771:
5769:
5758:
5752:
5751:
5724:10.1136/bmj.c696
5699:
5693:
5692:
5648:
5642:
5641:
5631:
5614:(11): CD004407.
5599:
5590:
5589:
5579:
5570:
5556:
5550:
5549:
5534:
5528:
5527:
5525:
5501:
5495:
5481:
5475:
5461:
5452:
5438:
5427:
5420:
5414:
5413:
5405:
5403:
5401:
5372:
5364:
5355:
5354:
5336:
5303:
5297:
5291:
5285:
5284:
5277:
5271:
5270:
5268:
5266:
5261:on March 2, 2015
5257:. Archived from
5246:
5240:
5239:
5237:
5235:
5220:
5214:
5213:
5203:
5169:
5150:
5149:
5141:
5139:
5137:
5108:
5101:
5092:
5078:
5072:
5071:
5069:
5067:
5053:
5046:
5037:
5036:
5034:
4992:
4986:
4985:
4959:
4950:
4935:
4934:
4914:
4905:
4904:
4882:
4873:
4866:John Redman Coxe
4863:
4857:
4856:
4838:
4832:
4829:
4803:
4782:
4753:
4734:
4728:
4727:
4717:
4711:
4709:
4702:
4696:
4695:
4675:
4669:
4668:
4666:
4664:
4647:
4641:
4640:
4622:
4605:(1–2): 153–166.
4590:
4584:
4583:
4571:
4565:
4564:
4546:
4506:
4493:
4492:
4482:
4450:
4439:
4438:
4418:
4409:
4408:
4398:
4380:
4348:
4339:
4338:
4324:
4318:
4317:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4286:
4280:
4279:
4268:
4262:
4261:
4249:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4238:
4221:
4215:
4214:
4204:
4172:
4166:
4165:
4153:
4147:
4146:
4134:
4128:
4127:
4079:
4073:
4072:
4070:
4068:
4051:
4045:
4044:
4042:
4040:
4025:
4019:
4018:
4016:
4014:
3999:
3993:
3992:
3990:
3988:
3973:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3962:
3947:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3936:
3921:
3915:
3914:
3904:
3856:
3850:
3849:
3839:
3799:
3793:
3792:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3763:
3723:
3717:
3716:
3682:
3676:
3675:
3643:
3637:
3636:
3626:
3606:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3577:
3568:
3567:
3557:
3539:
3507:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3496:
3481:
3475:
3474:
3464:
3446:
3414:
3408:
3407:
3359:
3353:
3352:
3342:
3324:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3267:
3243:
3234:
3233:
3223:
3183:
3177:
3176:
3166:
3126:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3075:
3069:
3068:
3058:
3018:
3012:
3011:
2993:
2976:(2–3): 183–188.
2961:
2955:
2954:
2936:
2930:
2929:
2917:
2911:
2910:
2899:
2893:
2892:
2844:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2833:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2768:Krempaský, Ján.
2765:
2759:
2758:
2745:
2739:
2738:
2724:
2713:
2712:
2698:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2665:
2659:
2658:
2648:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2592:
2560:
2551:
2550:
2524:
2500:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2443:(5894): 1296–7.
2426:
2420:
2419:
2401:
2391:
2367:
2356:
2355:
2337:
2311:
2302:
2285:
2284:
2274:
2264:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2221:Ed Friedlander.
2218:
2212:
2211:
2185:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2127:
2114:
2113:
2103:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2054:
2036:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1971:
1962:
1953:
1952:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1836:
1811:
1810:
1792:
1768:
1759:
1758:
1748:
1708:
1699:
1698:
1669:
1645:
1632:
1631:
1621:
1581:
1552:
1551:
1541:
1523:
1499:
1430:
1425:
1424:
1416:
1411:
1410:
1402:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1388:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1334:COVID-19 vaccine
1314:unfounded claims
1190:that started at
1188:measles epidemic
1172:
1157:Medical Register
1137:Cochrane Library
1083:Andrew Wakefield
936:House of Commons
838:George Dornbusch
789:John Redman Coxe
770:William Douglass
563:COVID-19 vaccine
555:Vladimír Krčméry
534:academic freedom
530:Atlantic Council
405:
398:
391:
237:
236:
213:Personal attacks
83:and/or forms of
21:
11995:
11994:
11990:
11989:
11988:
11986:
11985:
11984:
11955:
11954:
11953:
11948:
11947:
11932:Clinical trials
11911:
11880:
11819:
11795:Stanley Plotkin
11757:
11747:
11659:Cancer vaccines
11642:
11636:Schistosomiasis
11614:
11608:Trypanosomiasis
11581:
11545:Cytomegalovirus
11455:Pfizer–BioNTech
11250:
11074:
11023:Vaccine wastage
10993:
10921:
10873:
10843:
10813:
10804:
10736:Conspirituality
10710:
10691:
10655:
10646:Strawman theory
10612:
10553:
10530:
10497:
10458:Saddam–al-Qaeda
10434:Project Azorian
10414:Montauk Project
10316:
10300:Elm Guest House
10261:Roman Republic
10205:
10194:Sèvres syndrome
10158:
10117:
10064:
10033:Leuchter report
10005:
9999:
9983:Finger-pinching
9929:
9910:
9851:
9848:Genocide denial
9842:
9794:
9748:
9734:New World Order
9606:
9558:
9547:
9516:
9501:
9371:in chiropractic
9335:
9320:
9287:Finger pinching
9275:litter box hoax
9241:HIV/AIDS stigma
9197:
9182:
9159:London bombings
9051:
9033:
8988:
8987:
8967:
8936:
8901:
8845:Lost Cosmonauts
8798:
8781:Jeffrey Epstein
8757:Osama bin Laden
8733:Alois Estermann
8619:John F. Kennedy
8565:Louis Le Prince
8548:
8535:
8512:
8439:
8365:Alien abduction
8351:
8310:2012 phenomenon
8301:
8282:
8214:
8097:
8086:
8077:
8072:
8042:
8041:
7994:
7990:
7983:
7969:
7965:
7950:
7946:
7935:
7931:
7918:
7917:
7913:
7903:
7901:
7884:
7880:
7865:
7861:
7851:
7849:
7847:Bleacher Report
7839:
7835:
7825:
7823:
7811:
7807:
7797:
7795:
7780:
7776:
7766:
7764:
7749:
7745:
7696:(3): e0245900.
7682:
7678:
7639:(10): e004206.
7625:
7621:
7604:
7600:
7583:
7579:
7566:
7565:
7561:
7544:
7540:
7523:
7519:
7500:
7499:
7495:
7478:
7474:
7455:
7451:
7441:
7439:
7424:
7420:
7403:
7402:
7398:
7388:
7386:
7371:
7362:
7345:
7344:
7335:
7316:
7315:
7311:
7292:
7288:
7280:
7269:
7265:
7264:
7260:
7250:
7248:
7233:
7229:
7210:
7206:
7179:
7175:
7156:
7152:
7125:
7114:
7097:
7096:
7092:
7082:
7080:
7071:
7070:
7066:
7059:Washington Post
7051:
7047:
7032:
7028:
6977:
6973:
6963:
6961:
6949:
6945:
6935:
6933:
6921:
6917:
6902:
6898:
6859:
6855:
6810:
6806:
6796:
6794:
6784:
6780:
6737:
6733:
6698:Deer B (2011).
6696:
6692:
6682:
6680:
6669:
6665:
6655:
6653:
6641:
6637:
6627:
6625:
6610:
6606:
6596:
6594:
6579:
6575:
6528:
6526:
6517:
6513:
6501:
6499:
6485:
6483:
6466:
6462:
6452:
6450:
6439:
6435:
6396:
6392:
6382:
6380:
6369:
6365:
6355:
6353:
6342:
6341:
6337:
6327:
6325:
6318:
6314:
6299:10.1136/bmj.d22
6279:
6275:
6265:
6263:
6253:
6249:
6210:
6203:
6164:(4): CD004407.
6150:
6146:
6136:
6134:
6123:"MMR The facts"
6121:
6120:
6116:
6106:
6104:
6089:
6057:
6053:
6043:
6041:
6032:
6031:
6027:
5982:
5978:
5933:
5929:
5888:(5): e1000114.
5874:
5870:
5815:
5811:
5798:
5796:
5781:
5777:
5767:
5765:
5760:
5759:
5755:
5700:
5696:
5649:
5645:
5600:
5593:
5580:
5573:
5557:
5553:
5536:
5535:
5531:
5502:
5498:
5482:
5478:
5462:
5455:
5439:
5430:
5421:
5417:
5407:
5399:
5397:
5395:
5365:
5358:
5305:
5304:
5300:
5292:
5288:
5279:
5278:
5274:
5264:
5262:
5247:
5243:
5233:
5231:
5230:. March 8, 2012
5222:
5221:
5217:
5179:Medical History
5170:
5153:
5143:
5135:
5133:
5131:
5103:
5102:
5095:
5079:
5075:
5065:
5063:
5056:The Independent
5048:
5047:
5040:
5015:
4993:
4989:
4957:
4951:
4938:
4931:
4915:
4908:
4901:
4883:
4876:
4872:(1802), p. 125.
4864:
4860:
4853:
4839:
4835:
4801:10.1.1.465.2410
4735:
4731:
4718:
4714:
4704:
4703:
4699:
4692:
4676:
4672:
4662:
4660:
4648:
4644:
4591:
4587:
4580:Urban Institute
4572:
4568:
4507:
4496:
4451:
4442:
4419:
4412:
4363:(5): e0265957.
4349:
4342:
4325:
4321:
4306:
4302:
4295:Washington Post
4287:
4283:
4270:
4269:
4265:
4258:Washington Post
4250:
4246:
4236:
4234:
4223:
4222:
4218:
4173:
4169:
4154:
4150:
4135:
4131:
4080:
4076:
4066:
4064:
4052:
4048:
4038:
4036:
4026:
4022:
4012:
4010:
4001:
4000:
3996:
3986:
3984:
3974:
3970:
3960:
3958:
3948:
3944:
3934:
3932:
3931:. June 13, 2008
3923:
3922:
3918:
3857:
3853:
3800:
3796:
3781:
3777:
3724:
3720:
3705:
3683:
3679:
3644:
3640:
3607:
3600:
3590:
3588:
3578:
3571:
3508:
3504:
3494:
3492:
3482:
3478:
3429:(1): e0210746.
3415:
3411:
3360:
3356:
3301:
3297:
3244:
3237:
3184:
3180:
3127:
3116:
3106:
3104:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3077:
3076:
3072:
3019:
3015:
2962:
2958:
2951:
2937:
2933:
2918:
2914:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2845:
2841:
2831:
2829:
2819:
2815:
2805:
2803:
2793:
2789:
2779:
2777:
2766:
2762:
2747:
2746:
2742:
2725:
2716:
2699:
2688:
2678:
2676:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2617:
2613:
2603:
2601:
2561:
2554:
2509:Nature Medicine
2501:
2492:
2482:
2480:
2468:
2464:
2427:
2423:
2368:
2359:
2309:
2303:
2288:
2241:
2237:
2227:
2225:
2219:
2215:
2154:
2150:
2140:
2138:
2128:
2117:
2072:
2068:
2019:(7): e0181821.
2005:
2001:
1969:
1963:
1956:
1941:
1937:
1922:
1918:
1908:
1906:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1837:
1814:
1769:
1762:
1709:
1702:
1646:
1635:
1582:
1555:
1500:
1496:
1491:
1426:
1419:
1414:Politics portal
1412:
1405:
1400:Medicine portal
1398:
1393:
1391:
1384:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1302:commotio cordis
1286:state-sponsored
1275:
1265:
1221:
1170:
1113:epidemiological
1097:autism spectrum
1052:
1046:
1041:
1000:
976:
952:
919:Garth Wilkinson
902:
862:
806:
735:
730:
703:
690:
672:to prevent the
628:
601:
550:
513:
493:
465:
409:
380:
379:
345:
337:
336:
297:
289:
288:
259:
235:
185:
167:
153:
148:
140:popular culture
89:social movement
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11993:
11983:
11982:
11977:
11972:
11967:
11950:
11949:
11946:
11945:
11944:
11943:
11940:
11929:
11923:
11917:
11916:
11913:
11912:
11910:
11909:
11904:
11899:
11894:
11888:
11886:
11882:
11881:
11879:
11878:
11873:
11866:
11861:
11856:
11851:
11846:
11833:
11827:
11825:
11821:
11820:
11818:
11817:
11812:
11810:Katalin Karikó
11807:
11802:
11797:
11792:
11787:
11782:
11777:
11772:
11767:
11761:
11759:
11753:
11752:
11749:
11748:
11746:
11745:
11744:
11743:
11738:
11733:
11728:
11720:
11715:
11710:
11705:
11700:
11699:
11698:
11693:
11692:
11691:
11686:
11676:
11671:
11666:
11656:
11650:
11648:
11644:
11643:
11641:
11640:
11639:
11638:
11633:
11624:
11622:
11616:
11615:
11613:
11612:
11611:
11610:
11602:
11601:
11600:
11589:
11587:
11583:
11582:
11580:
11579:
11578:
11577:
11572:
11567:
11565:Herpes simplex
11562:
11557:
11552:
11547:
11539:
11538:
11537:
11532:
11527:
11519:
11514:
11513:
11512:
11507:
11499:
11494:
11489:
11484:
11483:
11482:
11477:
11472:
11467:
11465:Sinopharm BIBP
11462:
11457:
11452:
11447:
11442:
11437:
11432:
11427:
11422:
11417:
11415:Bharat Biotech
11412:
11402:
11397:
11392:
11387:
11386:
11385:
11380:
11370:
11365:
11360:
11355:
11350:
11349:
11348:
11343:
11333:
11328:
11323:
11318:
11313:
11312:
11311:
11306:
11301:
11296:
11281:
11280:
11279:
11269:
11264:
11258:
11256:
11252:
11251:
11249:
11248:
11247:
11246:
11241:
11236:
11228:
11227:
11226:
11221:
11213:
11208:
11207:
11206:
11201:
11191:
11190:
11189:
11179:
11174:
11169:
11168:
11167:
11162:
11152:
11147:
11142:
11141:
11140:
11135:
11125:
11120:
11115:
11110:
11105:
11100:
11095:
11089:
11087:
11080:
11076:
11075:
11073:
11072:
11071:
11070:
11065:
11060:
11055:
11050:
11042:
11041:
11040:
11038:Vaccine injury
11035:
11030:
11025:
11020:
11015:
11010:
11001:
10999:
10998:Administration
10995:
10994:
10992:
10991:
10986:
10981:
10972:
10955:
10954:
10953:
10948:
10940:
10935:
10929:
10927:
10923:
10922:
10920:
10919:
10914:
10909:
10904:
10899:
10898:
10897:
10887:
10881:
10879:
10875:
10874:
10842:
10841:
10834:
10827:
10819:
10810:
10809:
10806:
10805:
10803:
10802:
10797:
10792:
10790:Radicalization
10787:
10786:
10785:
10775:
10770:
10765:
10760:
10758:Fringe science
10755:
10753:Falsifiability
10750:
10749:
10748:
10738:
10733:
10728:
10721:
10715:
10712:
10711:
10701:
10700:
10697:
10696:
10693:
10692:
10690:
10689:
10684:
10679:
10674:
10669:
10663:
10661:
10657:
10656:
10654:
10653:
10651:Tax protesters
10648:
10643:
10638:
10633:
10628:
10622:
10620:
10611:
10610:
10605:
10604:
10603:
10598:
10593:
10583:
10581:New chronology
10574:
10569:
10564:
10558:
10555:
10554:
10544:
10543:
10540:
10539:
10536:
10535:
10532:
10531:
10529:
10528:
10526:Stop the Steal
10523:
10518:
10513:
10507:
10505:
10496:
10495:
10494:
10493:
10481:
10476:
10471:
10466:
10460:
10455:
10454:
10453:
10446:
10436:
10431:
10426:
10421:
10416:
10411:
10406:
10401:
10396:
10391:
10386:
10381:
10376:
10371:
10366:
10361:
10356:
10355:
10354:
10345:
10340:
10335:
10326:
10324:
10318:
10317:
10315:
10314:
10313:
10312:
10307:
10302:
10297:
10289:
10288:
10287:
10279:
10278:
10277:
10269:
10268:
10267:
10259:
10258:
10257:
10249:
10248:
10247:
10239:
10238:
10237:
10229:
10228:
10227:
10219:
10213:
10211:
10210:Other European
10207:
10206:
10204:
10203:
10196:
10191:
10186:
10185:
10184:
10179:
10168:
10166:
10160:
10159:
10157:
10156:
10151:
10146:
10141:
10139:Golden billion
10136:
10131:
10129:Alaska payment
10125:
10123:
10119:
10118:
10116:
10115:
10114:
10113:
10105:
10104:
10103:
10095:
10090:
10089:
10088:
10083:
10072:
10070:
10066:
10065:
10063:
10062:
10061:
10060:
10055:
10047:
10046:
10045:
10037:
10036:
10035:
10030:
10022:
10021:
10020:
10011:
10009:
10001:
10000:
9998:
9997:
9996:
9995:
9987:
9986:
9985:
9977:
9976:
9975:
9967:
9966:
9965:
9957:
9956:
9955:
9950:
9941:
9939:
9931:
9930:
9920:
9919:
9916:
9915:
9912:
9911:
9909:
9908:
9903:
9898:
9893:
9888:
9883:
9878:
9873:
9868:
9863:
9857:
9855:
9844:
9843:
9841:
9840:
9835:
9830:
9825:
9820:
9815:
9810:
9804:
9802:
9796:
9795:
9793:
9792:
9787:
9782:
9781:
9780:
9775:
9770:
9759:
9757:
9755:Anti-Christian
9750:
9749:
9747:
9746:
9741:
9736:
9731:
9726:
9721:
9716:
9715:
9714:
9709:
9704:
9697:
9692:
9691:
9690:
9674:
9664:
9663:
9662:
9660:Trivialization
9652:
9647:
9642:
9637:
9632:
9627:
9622:
9616:
9614:
9605:
9604:
9602:White genocide
9599:
9594:
9589:
9588:
9587:
9582:
9574:
9572:Priory of Sion
9569:
9564:
9556:
9555:
9554:
9537:
9532:
9527:
9521:
9518:
9517:
9507:
9506:
9503:
9502:
9500:
9499:
9494:
9489:
9483:
9478:
9473:
9472:
9471:
9466:
9456:
9451:
9446:
9441:
9436:
9435:
9434:
9420:
9415:
9410:
9405:
9395:
9390:
9385:
9380:
9379:
9378:
9376:misinformation
9373:
9368:
9367:
9366:
9361:
9346:
9340:
9337:
9336:
9326:
9325:
9322:
9321:
9319:
9318:
9313:
9308:
9299:
9294:
9289:
9284:
9283:
9282:
9277:
9272:
9267:
9262:
9261:
9260:
9258:Lavender scare
9250:
9249:
9248:
9238:
9236:gay Nazis myth
9233:
9228:
9223:
9218:
9208:
9202:
9199:
9198:
9188:
9187:
9184:
9183:
9181:
9180:
9174:
9168:
9162:
9156:
9150:
9149:
9148:
9143:
9132:
9126:
9120:
9114:
9111:KAL Flight 007
9108:
9102:
9096:
9087:
9081:
9078:Reichstag fire
9075:
9066:
9056:
9053:
9052:
9039:
9038:
9035:
9034:
9032:
9031:
9026:
9021:
9016:
9015:
9014:
9012:false theories
9004:
8999:
8993:
8990:
8989:
8985:
8977:
8976:
8973:
8972:
8969:
8968:
8966:
8965:
8960:
8958:Vladimir Putin
8955:
8950:
8948:Paul McCartney
8944:
8942:
8938:
8937:
8935:
8934:
8928:
8922:
8916:
8909:
8907:
8903:
8902:
8900:
8899:
8893:
8887:
8884:TWA Flight 800
8881:
8872:
8866:
8860:
8854:
8851:JAT Flight 367
8848:
8842:
8836:
8833:Lynmouth Flood
8830:
8824:
8815:
8806:
8804:
8800:
8799:
8797:
8796:
8790:
8784:
8778:
8772:
8766:
8760:
8754:
8751:Benazir Bhutto
8748:
8742:
8736:
8730:
8724:
8718:
8712:
8706:
8700:
8694:
8688:
8682:
8676:
8670:
8667:Renny Ottolina
8664:
8658:
8652:
8646:
8640:
8634:
8628:
8622:
8616:
8613:Marilyn Monroe
8610:
8604:
8598:
8592:
8586:
8580:
8574:
8571:Lord Kitchener
8568:
8562:
8559:Zachary Taylor
8555:
8553:
8537:
8536:
8526:
8525:
8522:
8521:
8518:
8517:
8514:
8513:
8511:
8510:
8504:
8498:
8492:
8486:
8480:
8474:
8468:
8462:
8456:
8449:
8447:
8438:
8437:
8432:
8431:
8430:
8418:
8413:
8408:
8403:
8395:
8390:
8377:
8372:
8367:
8361:
8359:
8350:
8349:
8344:
8339:
8334:
8329:
8324:
8319:
8318:
8317:
8306:
8303:
8302:
8292:
8291:
8288:
8287:
8284:
8283:
8281:
8280:
8275:
8270:
8269:
8268:
8258:
8253:
8248:
8243:
8238:
8233:
8228:
8222:
8220:
8216:
8215:
8213:
8212:
8207:
8202:
8197:
8192:
8187:
8185:Hidden message
8182:
8177:
8172:
8167:
8162:
8157:
8152:
8139:
8138:
8137:
8132:
8129:éminence grise
8125:
8115:
8109:
8107:
8099:
8098:
8088:
8087:
8082:
8079:
8078:
8071:
8070:
8063:
8056:
8048:
8040:
8039:
8010:(9): 916–923.
7988:
7982:978-1421447223
7981:
7963:
7944:
7929:
7911:
7878:
7859:
7833:
7805:
7774:
7743:
7676:
7619:
7598:
7577:
7559:
7538:
7517:
7493:
7472:
7449:
7418:
7396:
7360:
7333:
7309:
7286:
7258:
7227:
7204:
7173:
7150:
7135:. London, UK.
7112:
7090:
7064:
7045:
7026:
6971:
6943:
6915:
6896:
6853:
6804:
6778:
6731:
6690:
6663:
6635:
6604:
6573:
6571:
6570:
6550:(7477): 1293.
6535:
6511:
6509:
6508:
6492:
6460:
6433:
6390:
6363:
6335:
6312:
6273:
6247:
6220:(10): 1302–4.
6201:
6144:
6114:
6087:
6079:10.17226/10997
6051:
6025:
5976:
5927:
5868:
5809:
5785:"The MMR hoax"
5775:
5753:
5694:
5643:
5591:
5571:
5551:
5529:
5516:(2): 161–194.
5496:
5476:
5453:
5428:
5415:
5393:
5356:
5298:
5286:
5272:
5241:
5215:
5186:(3): 231–252.
5151:
5129:
5093:
5073:
5038:
5013:
4987:
4936:
4929:
4906:
4899:
4874:
4858:
4851:
4833:
4831:
4830:
4794:(4): 345–376.
4783:
4765:(3): 104–108.
4754:
4729:
4712:
4697:
4690:
4670:
4642:
4585:
4566:
4494:
4440:
4410:
4340:
4319:
4300:
4281:
4263:
4244:
4216:
4187:(3): 512–520.
4167:
4148:
4129:
4074:
4046:
4020:
3994:
3968:
3942:
3916:
3851:
3794:
3775:
3718:
3703:
3677:
3658:(4): 619–638.
3638:
3598:
3569:
3502:
3476:
3409:
3354:
3295:
3258:(3): 106–131.
3235:
3178:
3114:
3088:
3070:
3013:
2956:
2950:978-1421447223
2949:
2931:
2912:
2894:
2839:
2813:
2787:
2760:
2740:
2714:
2686:
2660:
2611:
2575:(2): 126–137.
2552:
2515:(3): 460–467.
2490:
2462:
2421:
2357:
2286:
2255:(12): e21451.
2235:
2213:
2148:
2115:
2080:Arch Dis Child
2066:
1999:
1980:(24): 3245–8.
1954:
1935:
1916:
1886:
1812:
1760:
1700:
1660:(1): 175–191.
1633:
1553:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1428:Society portal
1417:
1403:
1389:
1386:History portal
1373:
1370:
1346:Taylor Hawkins
1289:internet troll
1264:
1261:
1220:
1217:
1175:Richard Horton
1048:Main article:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1016:whooping cough
999:
996:
975:
972:
951:
948:
927:Frances Hoggan
901:
898:
868:in 1855. The
861:
858:
810:United Kingdom
805:
802:
752:Opposition to
734:
731:
729:
726:
702:
699:
689:
686:
627:
624:
600:
597:
549:
546:
512:
509:
501:underreporting
492:
489:
464:
461:
460:
459:
445:
438:
435:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
411:
410:
408:
407:
400:
393:
385:
382:
381:
378:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
350:Vaccine equity
346:
343:
342:
339:
338:
335:
334:
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
298:
295:
294:
291:
290:
287:
286:
281:
276:
271:
266:
260:
257:
256:
253:
252:
246:
245:
234:
231:
223:
222:
219:
216:
210:
203:
200:
184:
181:
166:
163:
152:
151:Arguments used
149:
147:
144:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11992:
11981:
11978:
11976:
11973:
11971:
11968:
11966:
11963:
11962:
11960:
11941:
11939:
11936:
11935:
11933:
11930:
11927:
11924:
11922:
11919:
11918:
11914:
11908:
11905:
11903:
11900:
11898:
11895:
11893:
11890:
11889:
11887:
11883:
11877:
11874:
11872:
11871:
11867:
11865:
11862:
11860:
11857:
11855:
11852:
11850:
11847:
11844:
11842:
11837:
11834:
11832:
11829:
11828:
11826:
11822:
11816:
11815:Drew Weissman
11813:
11811:
11808:
11806:
11803:
11801:
11800:H. Fred Clark
11798:
11796:
11793:
11791:
11788:
11786:
11783:
11781:
11778:
11776:
11773:
11771:
11770:Louis Pasteur
11768:
11766:
11765:Edward Jenner
11763:
11762:
11760:
11754:
11742:
11739:
11737:
11736:DTwP-HepB-Hib
11734:
11732:
11731:DTaP-IPV-HepB
11729:
11727:
11724:
11723:
11722:combination:
11721:
11719:
11716:
11714:
11711:
11709:
11706:
11704:
11701:
11697:
11694:
11690:
11687:
11685:
11682:
11681:
11680:
11677:
11675:
11672:
11670:
11667:
11665:
11662:
11661:
11660:
11657:
11655:
11652:
11651:
11649:
11645:
11637:
11634:
11632:
11629:
11628:
11626:
11625:
11623:
11621:
11620:Helminthiasis
11617:
11609:
11606:
11605:
11603:
11599:
11596:
11595:
11594:
11591:
11590:
11588:
11584:
11576:
11573:
11571:
11568:
11566:
11563:
11561:
11558:
11556:
11553:
11551:
11548:
11546:
11543:
11542:
11540:
11536:
11533:
11531:
11528:
11526:
11523:
11522:
11521:combination:
11520:
11518:
11515:
11511:
11508:
11506:
11503:
11502:
11500:
11498:
11495:
11493:
11490:
11488:
11485:
11481:
11478:
11476:
11473:
11471:
11468:
11466:
11463:
11461:
11458:
11456:
11453:
11451:
11448:
11446:
11443:
11441:
11438:
11436:
11433:
11431:
11428:
11426:
11423:
11421:
11418:
11416:
11413:
11411:
11408:
11407:
11406:
11403:
11401:
11398:
11396:
11393:
11391:
11388:
11384:
11381:
11379:
11376:
11375:
11374:
11371:
11369:
11366:
11364:
11361:
11359:
11356:
11354:
11351:
11347:
11344:
11342:
11339:
11338:
11337:
11334:
11332:
11329:
11327:
11324:
11322:
11319:
11317:
11314:
11310:
11307:
11305:
11302:
11300:
11297:
11294:
11290:
11287:
11286:
11285:
11282:
11278:
11275:
11274:
11273:
11270:
11268:
11265:
11263:
11260:
11259:
11257:
11253:
11245:
11242:
11240:
11237:
11235:
11232:
11231:
11229:
11225:
11222:
11220:
11219:DPT/DTwP/DTaP
11217:
11216:
11215:combination:
11214:
11212:
11209:
11205:
11202:
11200:
11197:
11196:
11195:
11192:
11188:
11185:
11184:
11183:
11180:
11178:
11175:
11173:
11170:
11166:
11163:
11161:
11158:
11157:
11156:
11153:
11151:
11148:
11146:
11143:
11139:
11136:
11134:
11131:
11130:
11129:
11128:Meningococcus
11126:
11124:
11121:
11119:
11118:Leptospirosis
11116:
11114:
11111:
11109:
11106:
11104:
11101:
11099:
11096:
11094:
11091:
11090:
11088:
11084:
11081:
11077:
11069:
11066:
11064:
11061:
11059:
11056:
11054:
11053:Vaccine court
11051:
11049:
11046:
11045:
11043:
11039:
11036:
11034:
11031:
11029:
11026:
11024:
11021:
11019:
11016:
11014:
11011:
11009:
11008:GAVI Alliance
11006:
11005:
11003:
11002:
11000:
10996:
10990:
10987:
10985:
10982:
10980:
10976:
10973:
10971:
10967:
10963:
10959:
10956:
10952:
10949:
10947:
10944:
10943:
10941:
10939:
10936:
10934:
10931:
10930:
10928:
10924:
10918:
10915:
10913:
10910:
10908:
10905:
10903:
10900:
10896:
10893:
10892:
10891:
10888:
10886:
10883:
10882:
10880:
10876:
10871:
10867:
10863:
10859:
10855:
10851:
10847:
10840:
10835:
10833:
10828:
10826:
10821:
10820:
10817:
10801:
10798:
10796:
10793:
10791:
10788:
10784:
10781:
10780:
10779:
10776:
10774:
10771:
10769:
10766:
10764:
10761:
10759:
10756:
10754:
10751:
10747:
10744:
10743:
10742:
10739:
10737:
10734:
10732:
10729:
10727:
10726:
10722:
10720:
10717:
10716:
10713:
10706:
10702:
10688:
10685:
10683:
10680:
10678:
10675:
10673:
10670:
10668:
10665:
10664:
10662:
10658:
10652:
10649:
10647:
10644:
10642:
10639:
10637:
10634:
10632:
10629:
10627:
10626:Admiralty law
10624:
10623:
10621:
10619:
10615:
10609:
10606:
10602:
10599:
10597:
10594:
10592:
10589:
10588:
10587:
10584:
10582:
10578:
10575:
10573:
10570:
10568:
10567:NESARA/GESARA
10565:
10563:
10560:
10559:
10556:
10549:
10545:
10527:
10524:
10522:
10519:
10517:
10514:
10512:
10509:
10508:
10506:
10504:
10503:2020 election
10500:
10492:
10488:
10487:POW/MIA issue
10485:
10484:
10482:
10480:
10477:
10475:
10474:Trump–Ukraine
10472:
10470:
10467:
10464:
10461:
10459:
10456:
10452:
10451:
10447:
10445:
10442:
10441:
10440:
10437:
10435:
10432:
10430:
10427:
10425:
10422:
10420:
10417:
10415:
10412:
10410:
10407:
10405:
10402:
10400:
10397:
10395:
10392:
10390:
10387:
10385:
10382:
10380:
10377:
10375:
10372:
10370:
10367:
10365:
10362:
10360:
10359:Biden–Ukraine
10357:
10353:
10349:
10346:
10344:
10341:
10339:
10336:
10334:
10331:
10330:
10329:Barack Obama
10328:
10327:
10325:
10323:
10322:United States
10319:
10311:
10310:Voting pencil
10308:
10306:
10305:Harold Wilson
10303:
10301:
10298:
10296:
10293:
10292:
10290:
10286:
10283:
10282:
10280:
10276:
10273:
10272:
10270:
10266:
10263:
10262:
10260:
10256:
10253:
10252:
10250:
10246:
10243:
10242:
10240:
10236:
10233:
10232:
10230:
10226:
10223:
10222:
10220:
10218:
10215:
10214:
10212:
10208:
10202:
10201:
10197:
10195:
10192:
10190:
10187:
10183:
10180:
10178:
10175:
10174:
10173:
10170:
10169:
10167:
10165:
10161:
10155:
10152:
10150:
10147:
10145:
10142:
10140:
10137:
10135:
10132:
10130:
10127:
10126:
10124:
10120:
10112:
10109:
10108:
10106:
10102:
10099:
10098:
10096:
10094:
10091:
10087:
10084:
10082:
10079:
10078:
10077:
10074:
10073:
10071:
10067:
10059:
10056:
10054:
10051:
10050:
10048:
10044:
10043:Casa Matusita
10041:
10040:
10038:
10034:
10031:
10029:
10026:
10025:
10023:
10019:
10016:
10015:
10013:
10012:
10010:
10002:
9994:
9991:
9990:
9988:
9984:
9981:
9980:
9978:
9974:
9971:
9970:
9968:
9964:
9961:
9960:
9958:
9954:
9951:
9949:
9946:
9945:
9943:
9942:
9940:
9936:
9932:
9925:
9921:
9907:
9904:
9902:
9899:
9897:
9894:
9892:
9889:
9887:
9884:
9882:
9881:The Holocaust
9879:
9877:
9874:
9872:
9869:
9867:
9864:
9862:
9859:
9858:
9856:
9854:
9849:
9845:
9839:
9836:
9834:
9831:
9829:
9826:
9824:
9821:
9819:
9816:
9814:
9811:
9809:
9808:Counter-jihad
9806:
9805:
9803:
9801:
9797:
9791:
9790:Giuseppe Siri
9788:
9786:
9783:
9779:
9776:
9774:
9771:
9769:
9766:
9765:
9764:
9763:Anti-Catholic
9761:
9760:
9758:
9756:
9751:
9745:
9742:
9740:
9737:
9735:
9732:
9730:
9727:
9725:
9722:
9720:
9717:
9713:
9710:
9708:
9705:
9703:
9702:
9698:
9696:
9693:
9689:
9688:
9684:
9683:
9682:
9678:
9675:
9673:
9670:
9669:
9668:
9665:
9661:
9658:
9657:
9656:
9653:
9651:
9648:
9646:
9643:
9641:
9638:
9636:
9635:Doctors' plot
9633:
9631:
9628:
9626:
9623:
9621:
9618:
9617:
9615:
9613:
9609:
9603:
9600:
9598:
9595:
9593:
9590:
9586:
9583:
9581:
9578:
9577:
9575:
9573:
9570:
9568:
9565:
9561:
9557:
9551:
9546:
9543:
9542:
9541:
9538:
9536:
9533:
9531:
9528:
9526:
9523:
9522:
9519:
9512:
9508:
9498:
9495:
9493:
9490:
9487:
9484:
9482:
9479:
9477:
9474:
9470:
9467:
9465:
9462:
9461:
9460:
9457:
9455:
9452:
9450:
9447:
9445:
9442:
9440:
9437:
9433:
9432:United States
9429:
9425:
9421:
9419:
9416:
9414:
9411:
9409:
9406:
9404:
9401:
9400:
9399:
9396:
9394:
9391:
9389:
9386:
9384:
9381:
9377:
9374:
9372:
9369:
9365:
9362:
9360:
9357:
9356:
9355:
9352:
9351:
9350:
9347:
9345:
9342:
9341:
9338:
9331:
9327:
9317:
9314:
9312:
9311:Satanic panic
9309:
9307:
9303:
9300:
9298:
9295:
9293:
9290:
9288:
9285:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9271:
9268:
9266:
9263:
9259:
9256:
9255:
9254:
9251:
9247:
9246:United States
9244:
9243:
9242:
9239:
9237:
9234:
9232:
9229:
9227:
9224:
9222:
9219:
9217:
9214:
9213:
9212:
9209:
9207:
9204:
9203:
9200:
9193:
9189:
9178:
9175:
9172:
9169:
9166:
9163:
9160:
9157:
9154:
9151:
9147:
9144:
9142:
9139:
9138:
9136:
9133:
9130:
9127:
9124:
9121:
9118:
9115:
9112:
9109:
9106:
9103:
9100:
9097:
9094:
9093:
9088:
9085:
9082:
9079:
9076:
9073:
9072:
9067:
9064:
9063:
9058:
9057:
9054:
9049:
9044:
9040:
9030:
9027:
9025:
9022:
9020:
9017:
9013:
9010:
9009:
9008:
9005:
9003:
9000:
8998:
8995:
8994:
8991:
8982:
8978:
8964:
8963:Melania Trump
8961:
8959:
8956:
8954:
8953:Avril Lavigne
8951:
8949:
8946:
8945:
8943:
8939:
8932:
8929:
8926:
8925:Elvis Presley
8923:
8920:
8917:
8914:
8911:
8910:
8908:
8904:
8897:
8894:
8891:
8888:
8885:
8882:
8879:
8878:
8873:
8870:
8867:
8864:
8861:
8858:
8855:
8852:
8849:
8846:
8843:
8840:
8837:
8834:
8831:
8828:
8825:
8822:
8821:
8816:
8813:
8812:
8808:
8807:
8805:
8801:
8794:
8791:
8788:
8785:
8782:
8779:
8776:
8773:
8770:
8767:
8764:
8761:
8758:
8755:
8752:
8749:
8746:
8745:Yasser Arafat
8743:
8740:
8737:
8734:
8731:
8728:
8725:
8722:
8721:Yitzhak Rabin
8719:
8716:
8713:
8710:
8707:
8704:
8701:
8698:
8695:
8692:
8689:
8686:
8683:
8680:
8677:
8674:
8671:
8668:
8665:
8662:
8659:
8656:
8653:
8650:
8647:
8644:
8641:
8638:
8635:
8632:
8629:
8626:
8623:
8620:
8617:
8614:
8611:
8608:
8605:
8602:
8599:
8596:
8593:
8590:
8587:
8584:
8581:
8578:
8575:
8572:
8569:
8566:
8563:
8560:
8557:
8556:
8554:
8551:
8546:
8545:Assassination
8542:
8538:
8531:
8527:
8508:
8505:
8502:
8501:Alien autopsy
8499:
8496:
8493:
8490:
8487:
8484:
8481:
8478:
8475:
8472:
8469:
8466:
8463:
8460:
8457:
8454:
8451:
8450:
8448:
8446:
8442:
8436:
8435:Project Serpo
8433:
8429:
8428:
8424:
8423:
8422:
8419:
8417:
8414:
8412:
8409:
8407:
8404:
8401:
8400:
8396:
8394:
8391:
8389:
8385:
8381:
8378:
8376:
8373:
8371:
8368:
8366:
8363:
8362:
8360:
8358:
8354:
8348:
8345:
8343:
8340:
8338:
8335:
8333:
8330:
8328:
8325:
8323:
8320:
8316:
8313:
8312:
8311:
8308:
8307:
8304:
8297:
8293:
8279:
8276:
8274:
8271:
8267:
8264:
8263:
8262:
8259:
8257:
8254:
8252:
8249:
8247:
8244:
8242:
8239:
8237:
8234:
8232:
8229:
8227:
8224:
8223:
8221:
8217:
8211:
8208:
8206:
8203:
8201:
8198:
8196:
8195:Pseudoscience
8193:
8191:
8190:Pseudohistory
8188:
8186:
8183:
8181:
8178:
8176:
8173:
8171:
8168:
8166:
8163:
8161:
8160:Crisis actors
8158:
8156:
8153:
8151:
8147:
8143:
8140:
8136:
8133:
8131:
8130:
8126:
8124:
8121:
8120:
8119:
8116:
8114:
8111:
8110:
8108:
8104:
8100:
8093:
8089:
8085:
8080:
8076:
8069:
8064:
8062:
8057:
8055:
8050:
8049:
8046:
8035:
8031:
8026:
8021:
8017:
8013:
8009:
8005:
8004:
7999:
7992:
7984:
7978:
7974:
7967:
7959:
7955:
7948:
7940:
7933:
7925:
7921:
7915:
7898:
7893:
7889:
7882:
7874:
7870:
7863:
7848:
7844:
7837:
7822:
7821:
7816:
7809:
7793:
7789:
7785:
7778:
7762:
7758:
7754:
7747:
7739:
7735:
7730:
7725:
7721:
7717:
7712:
7707:
7703:
7699:
7695:
7691:
7687:
7680:
7672:
7668:
7663:
7658:
7654:
7650:
7646:
7642:
7638:
7634:
7630:
7623:
7615:
7614:
7609:
7602:
7594:
7593:
7588:
7581:
7573:
7569:
7563:
7555:
7554:
7549:
7542:
7534:
7533:
7528:
7521:
7513:
7509:
7508:
7503:
7497:
7489:
7488:
7483:
7476:
7468:
7464:
7460:
7453:
7437:
7433:
7429:
7422:
7414:
7410:
7406:
7400:
7384:
7380:
7376:
7369:
7367:
7365:
7356:
7352:
7348:
7342:
7340:
7338:
7329:
7325:
7324:
7319:
7313:
7305:
7301:
7297:
7290:
7279:
7275:
7268:
7262:
7246:
7242:
7241:New Scientist
7238:
7231:
7223:
7219:
7215:
7208:
7200:
7196:
7192:
7188:
7184:
7177:
7169:
7165:
7161:
7154:
7146:
7142:
7138:
7134:
7133:The Telegraph
7130:
7123:
7121:
7119:
7117:
7108:
7104:
7100:
7094:
7078:
7074:
7068:
7060:
7056:
7049:
7041:
7037:
7030:
7022:
7018:
7014:
7010:
7006:
7002:
6998:
6994:
6990:
6986:
6982:
6975:
6960:
6959:
6954:
6947:
6932:
6931:
6926:
6919:
6911:
6907:
6900:
6892:
6888:
6883:
6878:
6874:
6870:
6869:
6864:
6857:
6849:
6845:
6841:
6837:
6833:
6829:
6825:
6821:
6820:
6815:
6808:
6793:
6789:
6782:
6774:
6770:
6766:
6762:
6758:
6754:
6750:
6746:
6742:
6735:
6727:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6709:
6705:
6701:
6694:
6678:
6674:
6667:
6652:
6651:
6646:
6639:
6623:
6619:
6615:
6608:
6592:
6588:
6584:
6577:
6566:
6561:
6557:
6553:
6549:
6545:
6541:
6536:
6529:September 23,
6525:
6520:
6519:
6515:
6502:September 23,
6498:
6493:
6486:September 23,
6481:
6477:
6472:
6471:
6469:
6464:
6448:
6444:
6437:
6429:
6425:
6421:
6417:
6413:
6409:
6405:
6401:
6394:
6378:
6374:
6367:
6351:
6350:
6345:
6339:
6323:
6316:
6308:
6304:
6300:
6296:
6292:
6288:
6284:
6277:
6262:
6261:MedPage Today
6258:
6251:
6243:
6239:
6235:
6231:
6227:
6223:
6219:
6215:
6208:
6206:
6197:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6179:
6175:
6171:
6167:
6163:
6159:
6155:
6148:
6137:September 19,
6132:
6128:
6124:
6118:
6102:
6098:
6094:
6090:
6084:
6080:
6076:
6072:
6068:
6064:
6063:
6055:
6039:
6035:
6029:
6021:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6003:
5999:
5996:(6): 562–78.
5995:
5991:
5987:
5980:
5972:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5954:
5950:
5946:
5942:
5938:
5931:
5923:
5919:
5914:
5909:
5905:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5887:
5883:
5879:
5872:
5864:
5860:
5855:
5850:
5846:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5828:
5824:
5820:
5813:
5807:
5794:
5790:
5786:
5779:
5763:
5757:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5737:
5733:
5729:
5725:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5709:
5707:
5698:
5690:
5686:
5682:
5678:
5674:
5670:
5666:
5662:
5658:
5654:
5647:
5639:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5621:
5617:
5613:
5609:
5605:
5598:
5596:
5587:
5586:
5578:
5576:
5569:
5565:
5561:
5555:
5547:
5543:
5539:
5533:
5524:
5519:
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5400:September 13,
5396:
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5066:September 13,
5061:
5057:
5052:
5045:
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5033:
5028:
5024:
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5016:
5014:0-8223-3423-2
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4991:
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3346:
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3322:10.2196/40201
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2832:September 19,
2828:
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2806:September 19,
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2258:
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2246:
2239:
2224:
2217:
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2205:
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2070:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2044:
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2035:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2003:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1968:
1961:
1959:
1950:
1946:
1939:
1931:
1927:
1920:
1904:
1900:
1896:
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1080:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
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1034:
1030:
1029:polio vaccine
1025:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1006:
995:
993:
989:
985:
981:
971:
969:
965:
961:
960:Arthur Phelps
957:
947:
945:
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937:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
906:
897:
894:
893:
886:
884:
879:
875:
871:
867:
866:Massachusetts
857:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
830:
828:
822:
820:
815:
811:
801:
796:
792:
790:
786:
785:Edward Jenner
781:
779:
775:
771:
767:
766:John Williams
763:
759:
755:
750:
748:
744:
740:
725:
723:
722:Anthony Fauci
718:
714:
712:
707:
698:
696:
685:
683:
679:
675:
671:
666:
664:
660:
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636:
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477:
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457:
453:
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394:
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333:
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320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
299:
293:
292:
285:
282:
280:
279:Vaccine trial
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
262:
261:
255:
254:
251:
248:
247:
243:
239:
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180:
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143:
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137:
133:
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124:public policy
121:
117:
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108:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
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50:
43:
39:
34:
30:
19:
11892:Epidemiology
11868:
11840:
11726:DTaP-IPV/Hib
11517:Yellow fever
11430:EpiVacCorona
11182:Tuberculosis
11155:Pneumococcal
11123:Lyme disease
10951:Heterologous
10850:Immunization
10800:Superstition
10723:
10579: /
10577:Phantom time
10516:"Pence Card"
10489: /
10483:Vietnam War
10448:
10409:Jade Helm 15
10350: /
10198:
10134:Dulles' Plan
10018:Andinia Plan
9993:Finland Plot
9979:South Korea
9973:Tallano gold
9969:Philippines
9800:Islamophobic
9753:Christian /
9729:Kalergi Plan
9719:Judeopolonia
9707:World War II
9699:
9685:
9679: /
9650:George Soros
9645:Epsilon Team
9620:Andinia Plan
9476:Lepers' plot
9430: /
9426: /
9418:turbo cancer
9348:
9304: /
9146:WTC collapse
9135:9/11 attacks
9091:
9084:Pearl Harbor
9070:
9061:
8876:
8869:Khamar-Daban
8839:Dyatlov Pass
8819:
8811:Mary Celeste
8810:
8709:Vince Foster
8595:Adolf Hitler
8459:Maury Island
8453:Dundy County
8425:
8416:Men in black
8398:
8386: /
8382: /
8337:Hollow Earth
8266:moral panics
8256:Manipulation
8148: /
8144: /
8127:
8007:
8001:
7991:
7972:
7966:
7957:
7947:
7932:
7923:
7914:
7904:December 18,
7902:. Retrieved
7897:the original
7891:
7881:
7872:
7862:
7850:. Retrieved
7846:
7836:
7824:. Retrieved
7818:
7808:
7796:. Retrieved
7787:
7777:
7765:. Retrieved
7756:
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7689:
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7632:
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7580:
7571:
7562:
7551:
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7512:the original
7505:
7496:
7487:The Guardian
7485:
7475:
7462:
7452:
7442:December 22,
7440:. Retrieved
7431:
7421:
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7399:
7389:December 22,
7387:. Retrieved
7378:
7350:
7321:
7312:
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7261:
7249:. Retrieved
7240:
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7187:The Guardian
7186:
7176:
7164:The Guardian
7163:
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7093:
7081:. Retrieved
7076:
7067:
7058:
7048:
7039:
7029:
6988:
6984:
6974:
6964:February 16,
6962:. Retrieved
6956:
6946:
6936:February 17,
6934:. Retrieved
6928:
6918:
6910:The Guardian
6909:
6899:
6872:
6866:
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6823:
6817:
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6795:. Retrieved
6791:
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6734:
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6681:. Retrieved
6677:The Guardian
6676:
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6654:. Retrieved
6648:
6638:
6626:. Retrieved
6617:
6607:
6595:. Retrieved
6591:the original
6586:
6576:
6547:
6543:
6527:. Retrieved
6514:
6500:. Retrieved
6484:. Retrieved
6479:
6467:
6463:
6451:. Retrieved
6447:the original
6436:
6406:(2): 97–99.
6403:
6399:
6393:
6381:. Retrieved
6366:
6354:. Retrieved
6347:
6338:
6326:. Retrieved
6315:
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6286:
6276:
6264:. Retrieved
6260:
6250:
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6157:
6147:
6135:. Retrieved
6131:the original
6117:
6105:. Retrieved
6101:the original
6061:
6054:
6044:December 21,
6042:. Retrieved
6038:the original
6028:
5993:
5989:
5979:
5944:
5940:
5930:
5885:
5882:PLOS Biology
5881:
5871:
5829:(7): e2919.
5826:
5822:
5812:
5797:. Retrieved
5793:the original
5789:The Guardian
5788:
5778:
5766:. Retrieved
5756:
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5398:. Retrieved
5374:
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5310:
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5289:
5275:
5265:February 11,
5263:. Retrieved
5259:the original
5244:
5234:February 11,
5232:. Retrieved
5218:
5183:
5177:
5134:. Retrieved
5110:
5081:
5076:
5064:. Retrieved
5055:
5004:
5000:
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4758:
4750:the original
4745:
4732:
4722:
4715:
4700:
4680:
4673:
4663:December 25,
4661:. Retrieved
4655:
4645:
4602:
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4588:
4579:
4569:
4521:(1): 15–27.
4518:
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4257:
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4237:November 14,
4235:. Retrieved
4230:The Guardian
4228:
4219:
4184:
4180:
4170:
4161:
4151:
4143:The Guardian
4142:
4132:
4091:
4087:
4077:
4065:. Retrieved
4059:
4049:
4037:. Retrieved
4033:
4023:
4011:. Retrieved
4006:
3997:
3985:. Retrieved
3981:
3971:
3959:. Retrieved
3955:
3945:
3933:. Retrieved
3928:
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3589:. Retrieved
3585:
3519:
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3493:. Retrieved
3489:
3479:
3426:
3422:
3412:
3371:
3367:
3357:
3312:
3308:
3298:
3255:
3251:
3195:
3191:
3181:
3138:
3134:
3105:. Retrieved
3100:
3091:
3082:
3073:
3030:
3026:
3016:
2973:
2969:
2959:
2940:
2934:
2925:
2915:
2906:
2897:
2856:
2852:
2842:
2830:. Retrieved
2826:
2816:
2804:. Retrieved
2800:
2790:
2780:December 21,
2778:. Retrieved
2774:domov.sme.sk
2773:
2763:
2752:
2743:
2732:
2706:
2677:. Retrieved
2672:
2663:
2628:
2624:
2614:
2602:. Retrieved
2572:
2568:
2512:
2508:
2481:. Retrieved
2475:
2465:
2440:
2434:
2424:
2382:(1): 13–29.
2379:
2375:
2317:
2313:
2252:
2248:
2238:
2226:. Retrieved
2216:
2165:
2161:
2151:
2139:. Retrieved
2135:
2083:
2079:
2069:
2016:
2012:
2002:
1977:
1973:
1948:
1938:
1929:
1919:
1907:. Retrieved
1898:
1889:
1848:
1844:
1780:
1776:
1720:
1716:
1695:
1657:
1653:
1593:
1589:
1511:
1507:
1497:
1359:
1349:
1342:Foo Fighters
1326:Galen Center
1322:Bronny James
1306:Charlie Kirk
1298:Damar Hamlin
1294:
1283:
1276:
1245:
1233:
1222:
1210:
1201:
1185:
1178:
1167:
1163:
1161:
1141:
1101:
1086:
1078:
1076:
1053:
1039:21st century
1020:
1009:
1001:
998:20th century
988:Pennsylvania
977:
953:
930:
922:
914:
911:
890:
887:
882:
874:William Tebb
863:
853:
849:
831:
823:
818:
807:
798:
794:
782:
751:
736:
719:
715:
708:
704:
691:
667:
647:
644:
637:
633:
629:
620:
613:
609:
602:
593:
588:
587:In his book
586:
567:
551:
542:
514:
511:Legal action
505:data quality
494:
473:
466:
449:The Pentagon
425:Fake experts
414:
364:
224:
194:
186:
174:
168:
156:
154:
109:
71:, and these
64:
60:
56:
55:
29:
11928:from market
11824:Controversy
11758:researchers
11674:Hepatitis B
11560:Hepatitis C
11505:Chicken pox
11331:Hepatitis E
11326:Hepatitis B
11321:Hepatitis A
11267:Chikungunya
11244:Shigellosis
11098:Brucellosis
10984:Therapeutic
10938:Inactivated
10878:Development
10866:Inoculation
10858:Vaccination
10783:hate speech
10369:CIA and JFK
10348:"Obamagate"
10333:citizenship
10235:German Plot
9773:Popish Plot
9739:Rothschilds
9625:Blood libel
9612:Antisemitic
9548: [
9428:Philippines
9265:Recruitment
9050:allegations
9029:Red mercury
8913:Joan of Arc
8906:Other cases
8847:(1950s–60s)
8793:John McAfee
8763:Hugo Chávez
8715:Kurt Cobain
8703:Turgut Özal
8699:(1980s–90s)
8679:Airey Neave
8637:Harold Holt
8577:Tom Thomson
8495:Gulf Breeze
8489:Ilkley Moor
8342:Hollow Moon
8113:Antiscience
8106:Core topics
7826:February 7,
7757:Vanity Fair
7251:December 8,
7077:www.cdc.gov
6683:January 14,
6628:January 28,
6597:February 9,
6379:Health News
5768:February 3,
4039:January 26,
4013:January 27,
3987:January 26,
3961:January 24,
3935:January 25,
3591:January 24,
3495:January 19,
3107:January 25,
2776:(in Slovak)
2679:December 6,
2673:www.cdc.gov
2604:January 27,
2228:November 2,
2086:(1): 22–5.
1909:January 30,
1783:(1): 1–15.
1514:(1): 2106.
1362:Peter Hotez
1310:Drew Pinsky
1277:During the
883:Vaccination
834:James Burns
754:variolation
616:pre-bunking
570:Peter Hotez
312:Chicken pox
264:Vaccination
250:Vaccination
227:HPV vaccine
126:around the
69:vaccination
11959:Categories
11859:Thiomersal
11805:Paul Offit
11780:Jonas Salk
11756:Inventors/
11627:research:
11604:research:
11541:research:
11470:Skycovione
11460:Sanofi–GSK
11405:SARS-CoV-2
11316:Hantavirus
11277:rVSV-ZEBOV
11262:Adenovirus
11230:research:
11108:Diphtheria
10946:Attenuated
10773:Paranormal
10682:Li's field
10601:synarchism
10596:Illuminati
10591:Bilderberg
10463:Sandy Hook
10399:FEMA camps
10251:Lithuania
10086:Cairo fire
10058:Golpe Azul
10049:Venezuela
10014:Argentina
9866:Bangladesh
9828:Love jihad
9687:Żydokomuna
9630:Cohen Plan
9540:Freemasons
9403:Ivermectin
9393:Chemtrails
9388:Big Pharma
9364:Thiomersal
9231:gay agenda
9226:drag panic
9211:Anti-LGBTQ
9048:False flag
8691:Zia-ul-Haq
8685:Olof Palme
8507:Morristown
8471:Twin Falls
8427:Die Glocke
8393:Dulce Base
8347:Reptilians
8332:Flat Earth
8219:Psychology
8155:Conspiracy
8123:deep state
7873:PolitiFact
7852:August 26,
7798:January 5,
7767:January 4,
7432:@samoagovt
7379:@samoagovt
6453:January 7,
6383:January 8,
6356:January 8,
6328:January 8,
6266:January 8,
5799:August 30,
5412:required.)
5148:required.)
4706:"Smallpox"
3315:: e40201.
3141:: 112552.
1489:References
1196:Paul Offit
1192:Disneyland
1144:Brian Deer
1135:, and the
1088:The Lancet
1012:diphtheria
739:homeopathy
693:the CDC's
582:Alex Rosen
548:Harassment
472:2022, the
269:Vaccinator
207:references
93:news media
11938:Phase III
11926:Withdrawn
11854:Pox party
11664:ALVAC-CEA
11586:Protozoan
11475:Sputnik V
11425:CoronaVac
11395:Rotavirus
11293:Pandemrix
11145:Pertussis
11086:Bacterial
10970:Synthetic
10933:Conjugate
10885:Adjuvants
10862:Infection
10778:Prejudice
10672:Bielefeld
10660:Satirical
10618:Pseudolaw
10511:Italygate
10450:incidents
10424:Pizzagate
10343:parentage
10255:Statesmen
10177:Ergenekon
10111:Pallywood
10081:10 agorot
9989:Thailand
9963:Jinnahpur
9959:Pakistan
9886:Holodomor
9876:Cambodian
9383:Aspartame
9292:GamerGate
9253:Homintern
9221:Chemicals
9071:Lusitania
8997:Agenda 21
8931:Jonestown
8921:(1948–54)
8769:Seth Rich
8661:Aldo Moro
8497:(1987–88)
8421:Nazi UFOs
8246:Denialism
8175:Espionage
8165:Deception
7924:France 24
7820:Logically
7720:1932-6203
7653:2059-7908
7409:ReliefWeb
7195:0261-3077
7141:0307-1235
7103:ReliefWeb
7083:March 28,
7005:1756-1833
6991:: j2378.
6875:: c5347.
6826:: c7452.
6797:August 5,
6178:1469-493X
5904:1544-9173
5845:2168-8184
5732:0959-8138
5673:1542-6270
5023:0141-0768
4796:CiteSeerX
4759:Endeavour
4637:246166545
4561:245856528
4535:1468-2869
4471:2162-8254
4465:(3): 12.
4387:1932-6203
4124:247206495
4108:0264-410X
4061:USA Today
3893:1091-6490
3828:1058-4838
3789:Brookings
3752:1869-5469
3738:(1): 32.
3672:142769329
3633:263715886
3546:0027-8424
3453:1932-6203
3404:221076451
3388:1041-0236
3331:2369-2960
3290:261453468
3274:1529-1006
3212:1865-8652
3155:0277-9536
3008:257257554
2889:262073883
2547:247384353
2531:1546-170X
2457:153706560
2416:245916820
2408:2731-0574
2352:230647269
2208:218625185
2192:1476-4687
2043:1932-6203
1970:(Reprint)
1865:0264-410X
1807:257095447
1799:2662-9992
1737:0959-8138
1692:232774243
1676:0163-7525
1610:0140-6736
1530:1471-2458
1199:in 2017.
1131:, the UK
964:Lily Loat
944:Leicester
578:Elon Musk
574:Joe Rogan
484:monetized
322:Influenza
110:Although
42:Minnesota
40:rally in
11696:Prostvac
11689:Gardasil
11684:Cervarix
11631:Hookworm
11510:Shingles
11492:Smallpox
11410:Corbevax
11346:Gardasil
11341:Cervarix
11079:Vaccines
11033:Schedule
11004:Global:
10912:Timeline
10854:Vaccines
10709:See also
10572:New Coke
10429:The Plan
10338:religion
10231:Ireland
10221:Georgia
10217:Euromyth
10200:Üst akıl
10149:Rasputin
10004:Americas
9928:Regional
9861:Armenian
9413:vaccines
9408:lab leak
9398:COVID-19
9270:Grooming
8552:theories
8273:Paranoia
8170:Dystopia
8146:Criminal
8096:Overview
8034:37486680
8025:10366951
7958:The EDGE
7792:Archived
7761:Archived
7738:33711025
7690:PLOS ONE
7671:33097547
7572:Sky News
7467:Archived
7436:Archived
7413:Archived
7383:Archived
7355:Archived
7328:Archived
7304:Archived
7278:Archived
7276:. 2018.
7245:Archived
7222:Archived
7218:ABC News
7199:Archived
7168:Archived
7145:Archived
7107:Archived
7021:27124692
7013:28512183
6958:CBS News
6930:Newsweek
6891:21209059
6848:43640126
6840:21209060
6773:37724643
6765:21224310
6726:21209059
6679:. London
6650:BBC News
6622:Archived
6618:BBC News
6482:. London
6428:39229852
6420:21226573
6349:IB Times
6307:73020733
6242:39479569
6234:21917556
6196:32309885
6107:June 13,
6097:20669467
6020:18193704
5971:18309963
5922:19478850
5863:30186724
5748:43465004
5740:20124366
5718:: c696.
5689:39479569
5681:21917556
5638:34806766
5351:32125316
5343:20760356
5060:Archived
4982:26409142
4826:21775014
4818:17142878
4779:11725304
4629:35066696
4553:35018612
4489:35837516
4405:35499997
4357:PLOS ONE
4276:Le Monde
4211:31732327
4162:The Week
4116:35246311
4067:March 8,
4034:The Drum
3911:36749721
3846:35568471
3770:33747252
3586:The Hill
3564:33837146
3471:30699155
3423:PLOS ONE
3396:32762260
3349:36469911
3282:26173286
3230:32965654
3173:31561111
3065:36701366
3000:36856226
2991:10185917
2881:37735191
2655:26209838
2599:37016634
2590:10066223
2539:35273402
2483:June 18,
2344:33447164
2281:33270038
2200:32499650
2141:June 23,
2110:12089115
2061:28742163
2013:PLOS ONE
1994:12076221
1899:Lateline
1881:38720733
1873:22172504
1755:12193361
1684:33798403
1628:36871571
1548:34789206
1372:See also
1344:drummer
1248:Auckland
1239:and the
827:smallpox
758:smallpox
743:vitalism
454:China's
452:targeted
332:COVID-19
302:Smallpox
296:Vaccines
242:a series
240:Part of
205:Lack of
176:Lateline
112:concepts
101:children
65:movement
61:anti-vax
44:in 2010.
11885:Related
11831:General
11593:Malaria
11480:Valneva
11445:Novavax
11440:Moderna
11435:Janssen
11420:CanSino
11400:Rubella
11358:Measles
11224:Td/Tdap
11194:Typhoid
11177:Tetanus
11172:Q fever
11103:Cholera
11093:Anthrax
10962:Peptide
10926:Classes
10907:Storage
10352:Spygate
10281:Sweden
10107:Israel
10024:Canada
9896:Rwandan
9891:Nanjing
9871:Bosnian
9818:Eurabia
9778:Vatican
9768:Jesuits
9563:(1940s)
9481:Medbeds
9306:Gaylors
9302:Larries
9137:(2001)
9092:Liberty
8877:Estonia
8820:Titanic
8550:suicide
8465:Roswell
8370:Area 51
8200:Secrecy
7788:Fortune
7729:7954317
7698:Bibcode
7662:7590343
7463:Reuters
6868:The BMJ
6819:The BMJ
6792:The BMJ
6745:The BMJ
6704:The BMJ
6656:May 24,
6544:The BMJ
6287:The BMJ
6187:7169657
6069:of the
6011:4954362
5962:2287215
5941:The BMJ
5913:2682483
5854:6122668
5806:Alt URL
5629:8607336
5334:2401264
5210:3063903
5201:1139881
5136:May 28,
5032:1181850
4962:Vaccine
4620:8783654
4544:8751469
4480:9242559
4396:9060336
4365:Bibcode
4202:6954281
4181:Vaccine
4088:Vaccine
3982:Fortune
3902:9963596
3873:Bibcode
3837:9384020
3761:7954364
3713:1822644
3555:8054004
3524:Bibcode
3462:6353548
3431:Bibcode
3340:9838721
3221:7509825
3164:7117034
3056:9945974
3035:Bibcode
2861:Bibcode
2646:4632204
2625:Vaccine
2477:Reuters
2436:Science
2335:7799877
2272:7746500
2170:Bibcode
2101:1751143
2052:5524392
2021:Bibcode
1845:Vaccine
1746:1123944
1619:9981160
1539:8596085
1328:at the
1312:making
1256:measles
1127:of the
1105:measles
1093:colitis
1072:rubella
1064:measles
808:In the
728:History
649:Vaccine
274:Vaccine
132:medical
128:ethical
87:. As a
11921:WHO-EM
11841:Lancet
11718:TA-NIC
11703:NicVAX
11550:Dengue
11390:Rabies
11211:Typhus
11150:Plague
11028:Policy
10989:Toxoid
10917:Trials
10465:(2012)
10444:Pastel
10271:Spain
10241:Italy
10164:Turkey
10122:Russia
9944:India
9712:Z.O.G.
9585:Kosher
9488:(2003)
9424:Canada
9354:autism
9334:Health
9179:(2023)
9173:(2014)
9167:(2010)
9161:(2005)
9155:(2004)
9131:(1995)
9125:(1988)
9119:(1986)
9113:(1983)
9107:(1982)
9101:(1972)
9095:(1967)
9086:(1941)
9080:(1933)
9074:(1915)
9065:(1898)
8933:(1978)
8927:(1977)
8915:(1431)
8898:(2014)
8892:(1999)
8886:(1996)
8880:(1994)
8871:(1993)
8865:(1987)
8859:(1972)
8853:(1972)
8841:(1959)
8835:(1952)
8829:(1923)
8823:(1912)
8814:(1872)
8795:(2021)
8789:(2020)
8783:(2019)
8777:(2018)
8771:(2016)
8765:(2013)
8759:(2011)
8753:(2007)
8747:(2004)
8741:(2001)
8735:(1998)
8729:(1997)
8723:(1995)
8717:(1994)
8711:(1993)
8705:(1993)
8693:(1988)
8687:(1986)
8681:(1979)
8675:(1978)
8669:(1978)
8663:(1978)
8657:(1973)
8651:(1968)
8645:(1968)
8639:(1967)
8633:(1966)
8627:(1963)
8621:(1963)
8615:(1962)
8609:(1958)
8603:(1945)
8597:(1945)
8591:(1945)
8585:(1943)
8579:(1917)
8573:(1916)
8567:(1890)
8561:(1850)
8509:(2009)
8503:(1995)
8491:(1987)
8485:(1967)
8479:(1949)
8473:(1947)
8467:(1947)
8461:(1947)
8455:(1884)
8445:Hoaxes
8402:(1948)
8118:Cabals
8032:
8022:
7979:
7736:
7726:
7718:
7669:
7659:
7651:
7302:. US.
7193:
7189:. UK.
7166:. UK.
7139:
7019:
7011:
7003:
6889:
6846:
6838:
6771:
6763:
6724:
6565:534460
6562:
6470:2004:
6426:
6418:
6305:
6240:
6232:
6194:
6184:
6176:
6095:
6085:
6018:
6008:
5969:
5959:
5920:
5910:
5902:
5861:
5851:
5843:
5823:Cureus
5746:
5738:
5730:
5706:Lancet
5687:
5679:
5671:
5636:
5626:
5566:
5491:
5471:
5448:
5406:
5391:
5349:
5341:
5331:
5208:
5198:
5142:
5127:
5088:
5029:
5021:
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4980:
4927:
4897:
4849:
4824:
4816:
4798:
4777:
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4551:
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4533:
4487:
4477:
4469:
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4393:
4385:
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4122:
4114:
4106:
3909:
3899:
3891:
3844:
3834:
3826:
3768:
3758:
3750:
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3701:
3670:
3631:
3562:
3552:
3544:
3469:
3459:
3451:
3402:
3394:
3386:
3347:
3337:
3329:
3288:
3280:
3272:
3228:
3218:
3210:
3171:
3161:
3153:
3063:
3053:
3006:
2998:
2988:
2947:
2887:
2879:
2853:Nature
2653:
2643:
2597:
2587:
2545:
2537:
2529:
2455:
2414:
2406:
2350:
2342:
2332:
2279:
2269:
2206:
2198:
2190:
2162:Nature
2108:
2098:
2059:
2049:
2041:
1992:
1879:
1871:
1863:
1805:
1797:
1753:
1743:
1735:
1690:
1682:
1674:
1626:
1616:
1608:
1590:Lancet
1546:
1536:
1528:
1237:UNICEF
1168:Lancet
1164:Lancet
1123:, the
1119:, the
1079:Lancet
1070:, and
812:, the
776:and a
528:, the
524:, the
344:Issues
120:fringe
11849:NCVIA
11713:TA-CD
11647:Other
11598:RTS,S
11378:Sabin
11373:Polio
11368:Mumps
11272:Ebola
11255:Viral
11204:ViCPS
11199:Ty21a
11133:MeNZB
11063:VAERS
11013:NITAG
10942:Live
10741:Dogma
10552:Other
10439:QAnon
10097:Iran
10039:Peru
9901:Sayfo
9785:Bible
9580:Halal
9552:]
9439:Ebola
9062:Maine
9024:HAARP
8411:MJ-12
8142:Civil
7281:(PDF)
7270:(PDF)
7017:S2CID
6844:S2CID
6769:S2CID
6424:S2CID
6377:WebMD
6303:S2CID
6238:S2CID
5744:S2CID
5685:S2CID
5347:S2CID
4958:(PDF)
4822:S2CID
4633:S2CID
4557:S2CID
4120:S2CID
3709:S2CID
3668:S2CID
3629:S2CID
3400:S2CID
3286:S2CID
3004:S2CID
2885:S2CID
2543:S2CID
2453:S2CID
2412:S2CID
2348:S2CID
2310:(PDF)
2204:S2CID
1877:S2CID
1803:S2CID
1688:S2CID
1252:Upolu
1171:'
1109:mumps
1068:mumps
327:Ebola
307:Polio
11575:Zika
11535:MMRV
11383:Salk
11363:Mpox
11309:LAIV
11304:H5N8
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