369:(1871â1928), wrote at length on what he calls the "utter absurdity of the necessity for any classification at all", stating that the ordinaries and sub-ordinaries are, in his mind, "no more than first charges". Apparently ceding the point for the moment, Fox-Davies lists the generally agreed-upon "honourable ordinaries" as the bend, fess, pale, pile, chevron, cross, saltire, and chief. Woodcock sheds some light on the matter, stating that earlier writers such as Leigh, Holme and Guillim proposed that "honourable ordinaries" should occupy one-third of the field, while later writers such as Edmondson favoured one-fifth, "on the grounds that a bend, pale, or chevron occupying one-third of the field makes the coat look clumsy and disagreeable". Woodcock goes so far as to enumerate the ordinaries thus: "The first Honourable Ordinary is the cross", the second is the chief, the third is the pale, the fourth is the bend, the fifth is the fess, the sixth is the inescutcheon, the seventh is the chevron, the eighth is the saltire, and the ninth is the bar, while stating that "some writers" prefer the bordure as the ninth ordinary. Volborth, having decidedly less to say on the matter, agrees that the classifications are arbitrary and the subject of disagreement, and lists the "definite" ordinaries as the chief, pale, bend, fess, chevron, cross and saltire. Boutell lists the chief, pale, bend, bend sinister, fess, bar, cross, saltire and chevron as the "honourable ordinaries". Thus, the chief, bend, pale, fess, chevron, cross and saltire appear to be the undisputed ordinaries, while authors disagree over the status of the pile, bar, inescutcheon, bordure and others.
886:
2355:
2508:
2493:
2409:
640:
2532:
3419:
2340:
1768:
1355:
3455:
2993:
2367:
1816:
3616:
3503:
3577:
1720:
569:
3592:
3443:
1146:
1122:
2950:
2294:
2520:
1098:
3017:
2279:
3565:
3491:
2394:
521:
1170:
1744:
6129:
3029:
3643:
2379:
3467:
2324:
1158:
1134:
557:
1792:
1307:
3541:
6161:
2969:
1295:
3515:
1194:
1343:
1436:
1319:
3628:
1496:
1424:
2264:
1508:
1472:
1484:
1448:
3529:
1732:
2547:
1331:
664:
3479:
497:
3604:
1780:
3655:
1804:
862:
6495:
2981:
156:
1756:
874:
1460:
545:
144:
3667:
3431:
850:
676:
2309:
1110:
814:
3005:
1182:
826:
3553:
898:
1889:(positions) into which heraldic animals are contorted; additionally, various parts of an animal (claws, horns, tongue, etc.) may be differently coloured, each with its own terminology. Most animals are broadly classified, according to their natural form, into beasts, birds, sea creatures and others, and the attitudes that apply to them may be grouped accordingly. Beasts, particularly lions, most often appear in the
838:
652:
533:
509:
4925:
1897:. While the lion, regarded as the king of beasts, is by far the most frequently occurring beast in heraldry, the eagle, equally regarded as the king of birds, is overwhelmingly the most frequently occurring bird, and the rivalry between these two is often noted to parallel with the political rivalry between the powers they came to represent in medieval Europe. Neubecker notes that "in the heroic poem by
1571:, often as the patron of a town. Knights, bishops, monks and nuns, kings and queens also occur frequently. There are rare occurrences of a "child" (without further description, this is usually understood to be a very young boy, and young girls are extremely rare in heraldry), both the head and entire body. A famous example is the child swallowed by a dragon (the
381:, each normally occupying about one-fifth to one-third of the field. As discussed above, much disagreement exists among authors regarding which ordinary charges are "honourable", so only those generally agreed to be "honourable ordinaries" will be discussed here, while the remainder of ordinary charges will be discussed in the following section.
1228:(although "spur revels" do appear under that name). Mullets frequently appear pierced. An unpierced mullet is sometimes called a "star" in Scottish heraldry, and stars also appear in English and continental heraldry under that name (often with six points). The "spur revel" is also found in Scottish heraldry.
3158:, typically a green hilltop rising from the lower edge of the field, providing a place for a beast, building or tree to stand. This feature is exceedingly common in Hungarian arms. Natural mountains and boulders are not unknown, though ranges of mountains are differently shown. An example is the arms of
4121:
The peerage of
Scotland : containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom, from their origin to the present generation: collected from the public records, and ancient chartularies of this nation, the charters, and other writings of the nobility, and the works of
2663:
Many attitudes have developed from the herald's imagination and ever-increasing need for differentiation, but only the principal attitudes found in heraldry need be discussed here. These, in the case of beasts, include the erect positions, the seated positions, and the prone positions. In the case of
275:
While thousands of objects found in religion, nature, mythology, or technology have appeared in armory, there are several charges (such as the cross, the eagle, and the lion) which have contributed to the distinctive flavour of heraldic design. Only these and a few other notable charges (crowns,
2121:
wings raised, piercing her own breast to feed her chicks in the nest, which is how it is actually often blazoned, 'in its piety' being a fairly modern conceit). This symbol carries a particular religious meaning (as a symbol of Christ sacrificing
Himself), and became so popular in heraldry that
3735:
Marks of cadency differ from country to country, but are largely the same in
Britain and France, and similar in other European countries outside of the German-speaking (and Nordic) countries, where brisures on the shield were less common and different crests were often adopted to indicate the
2153:
The category of sea creatures may be seen to include various fish, a highly stylized "dolphin", and various fanciful creatures, sea monsters, which are shown as half-fish and half-beast, as well as mermaids and the like. The "sea lion" and "sea horse", for example, do not appear as natural
2664:
birds, these include the "displayed" positions, the flying positions, and the resting positions. Additionally, birds are frequently described by the position of their wings. A few other attitudes warrant discussion, including those particular to fish, serpents, griffins and dragons.
3376:
are sometimes distinguished. Books if open may be inscribed with words. Words and phrases are otherwise rare, except in
Spanish and Portuguese armory. Letters of the various alphabets are also relatively rare. Arms of merchants in Poland and eastern Germany are often based on
1558:
Humans, deities, angels and demons occur more often as crests and supporters than on the shield. (Though in many heraldic traditions the depiction of deities is considered taboo, exceptions to this also occur.) When humans do appear on the shield, they almost always appear
1979:
of various types, and occasionally of specific breeds, occur more often as crests or supporters than as charges. According to
Neubecker, heraldry in the Middle Ages generally distinguished only between pointers, hounds and whippets, when any distinction was made. The
2110:
in
English heraldry, but also appears as a simple charge in undifferenced arms. Its attitude is usually statant (and is never blazoned as such); but it can also be found volant. The pelican is notable as frequently occurring in a peculiar attitude described as
2831:
of the tincture. If a tree is "eradicated" it is shown as if it has been ripped up from the ground, the roots being exposed. "Erased" is rarely used for a similar treatment. In
Portuguese heraldry, but rarely in other countries, trees are sometimes found
753:
originally consisted of three bendlets interlaced with three bendlets sinister; other depictions form the outer bendlets into a mascle through which the two remaining bendlets are woven. This has also been called a
Harington knot, as in the arms of
1704:
feature a moor's head, crowned and collared red. Nevertheless, the use of moors (and particularly their heads) as a heraldic symbol has been deprecated in modern North
America, where racial stereotypes have been influenced by a history of
2586:
By default, the charge faces dexter (left as seen by the viewer); this would be forward on a shield worn on the left arm. In German armory, animate charges in the dexter half of a composite display are usually turned to face the center.
3259:
is a 12th-century lady's sleeve style. Its use in heraldry arose from the custom of the knights who attended tournaments wearing their ladies sleeves, as "gages d'amour" (tokens of love). This fashion of sleeve would later evolve into
2477:
face dexter unless otherwise specified for differencing. Heads of horned beasts are often shown cabossed to display the horns, but instances can be found in any of these circumstances. A lion's head cabossed is called simply a
925:) are not tied to the size and shape of the shield, and so may be placed in any part of the field, although whenever a charge appears alone, it is placed with sufficient position and size to occupy the entire field. Common
2122:
pelicans rarely exist in heraldry in any other position. Distinction is however observed, between a pelican "vulning herself" (alone, piercing her breast) and "in her piety" (surrounded by and feeding her chicks). The
3227:
would be indistinguishable from a tower; the heraldic chess rook, based on the medieval form of the piece, instead of battlements, has two outward-splayed "horns". Civic and ecclesiastical armory sometimes shows a
364:
is generally recognised, so much dispute may be found among sources regarding which are "honourable" and which are relegated to the category of "sub-ordinaries" that indeed one of the leading authors in the field,
3726:
Woodcock, himself apparently one such author, lists Leigh, Holme, Guillim and
Edmondson among these, while other prominent authors such as Fox-Davies shun the distinction as an arbitrary and unuseful practice.
456:
is a geometric construction of two perpendicular lines or bands, vertical and horizontal. It has hundreds of variants, most of which are mobile charges rather than ordinaries; some of these will be discussed
957:
A number of geometric charges are sometimes listed among the subordinaries (see above), but as their form is not related to the shape of the shield – indeed they may appear independent of the shield
315:
with charges blazoned as "mythical", or beasts as "chimerical", but those conceptions are meaningless and irrelevant to the conception of heraldry, and it does not affect the appearance of those charges.
806:, much rarer, is a similar figure in the sinister chief. Gyrons are sometimes blazoned to be shown in other positions â as in 'the sun in his splendour .. along with in dexter base a sixth gyron voided'
1855:. According to Woodward & Burnett, the Counts Colleoni of Milan bear arms blazoned: "Per pale argent and gules, three hearts reversed counterchanged;" but in less delicate times these were read as
3405:, almost without exception, is of the field drum type. Since musical notation is a comparatively recent invention, it is not found in early heraldry, though it does appear in 20th century heraldry.
1546:
branches of a family from the senior line. It does not follow, however, that a shield containing such a charge necessarily belongs to a cadet branch. All of these charges occur frequently in basic (
352:. While some authors hold that only nine charges are "honourable" ordinaries, exactly which ones fit into this category is a subject of constant disagreement. The remainder are often termed
3920:
3324:) or dedicatee of a church. Sometimes it is shown with a key, because Saints Peter and Paul are paired together. Other weapons occur more often in modern than in earlier heraldry. The
1384:(with the lower limb extended) are sometimes seen, but more often the tip of each limb is developed into some ornamental shape. The most commonly found crosses in heraldry include the
791:, as in the canting arms of Belfile, a label with a bell hanging from each point. There are some examples in which the strap is omitted, the points issuing from the top of the shield.
1909:, then the bearer of the lion represents the unruly feudal lords, to whom the emperor had to make more and more concessions, particularly to the powerful duke of Bavaria and Saxony,
2003:
has its wing bones fashioned into additional heads. Eagles and their wings also feature prominently as crests. Eagles most frequently appear full-bodied, with one head, in numerous
4370:, "Vilené: se dit un animal qui a la marque du sexe d'un autre émail que le corps"; translating roughly to "Vilené: when an animal has its genitals in another color than the body"
3779:, Mathew N. Schmalz refers to a discussion on the American Heraldry Society's web site where at least one participant described the moor's head as a "potentially explosive image."
984:, and is usually employed to combine multiple coats. It is customarily the same shape as the shield it is on, though shields of specific shapes are rarely specified in the blazon.
2943:(and in the coat of arms of Sweden) is not a wheatsheaf, although it was pictured in that way from the 16th to 19th century; rather, this "vasa" is a bundle but of unknown sort.
2229:
Reptiles and invertebrates occurring in heraldry include serpents, lizards, salamanders and others, but the most frequently occurring of these are various forms of dragons. The "
716:
may be considered an inner bordure: a reasonably wide band away from the edge of the shield, it is always shown following the shape of the shield, without touching the edges.
584:
In addition to those mentioned in the above section, the following are variously called "honourable ordinaries" by different authors, while others of these are often called
3736:
difference. It should also be noted that the English system of cadency, by which the use of the label to indicate the first son is best known, was not developed until the
1629:. Though the taboo is not invariably respected, British heraldry in particular, and to a greater or lesser extent the heraldry of other countries, frowns on depictions of
970:) – they are more usefully considered here. These include the escutcheon or inescutcheon, lozenge, fusil, mascle, rustre, billet, roundel, fountain, and annulet.
3830:'Gyronny of eight ermine and gules - in each of the last four gyrons a bee volant en arriere argent' was recorded in the 1670s, well before Napoleon Bonaparte's time.
3133:
often occur, though more frequently for people or animals to stand on or issue from than as isolated charges. The raindrop as such is unknown, though drops of fluid (
1905:, the bearer of the arms of a lion is set against the bearer of the arms of an eagle. If one takes the latter to be the historical and geographical forerunner of the
1885:
Animals, especially lions and eagles, feature prominently as heraldic charges. Some differences may be observed between an animal's natural form and the conventional
2857:
is perhaps even more widely seen in English heraldry than the fleur-de-lis. Its heraldic form is derived from the "wild" type with only five petals, and it is often
2051:
coats of arms, the double eagle gained enduring renown throughout the Western world. Among the present day nations with an eagle charge on their coat of arms are:
1376:
most, is the cross, which has developed into, some say, 400 varieties. When the cross does not reach the edges of the field, it becomes a mobile charge. The plain
3354:, the world) is a ball or globe surmounted by a cross, which is part of the regalia of an emperor or king, and is the emblem of sovereign authority and majesty.
607:
is a wedge issuing from the top of the field and tapering to a point near the bottom. Its length and width vary widely. Piles may occur in any orientation, e.g.
3129:(when they occur under that name) have straight rays usually numbering five in British and North American heraldry and six in continental European heraldry.
3088:, and thus frequently appear in ecclesiastical heraldry. Because St. Peter is the patron saint of fishermen, keys also notably appear in the arms of the
2106:, a stylized swift or swallow without feet (sometimes incorrectly, at least in the Anglophone heraldries these days, said to have no beak), is a mark of
1039:
is a rectangle, usually at least twice as tall as it is wide; it may represent a block of wood or a sheet of paper. Billets appear in the shield of the
2675:
standing on one hind leg with forepaws raised as if to climb or mount - sometimes including an erect member). Beasts also frequently appear walking,
787:
in British and French heraldry, but is occasionally found as a regular charge in early armory and even in the 20th century. It is sometimes called a
2575:, or position, of the creature's body is usually explicitly stated in English blazon. When such description is omitted, a lion can be assumed to be
1999:. Eagles in heraldry are predominantly presented with one or two heads, though triple-headed eagles are not unknown, and one eagle appearing in the
416:(Latin: left) refers to the left side of the shield from the perspective of the one wearing it, hence the right side from the viewer's perspective.)
2719:
facing the viewer with the head turned toward dexter and wings raised and upturned to show the full underside of both wings). Birds also appear
184:
3924:
1656:
Moorsâor more frequently their heads, often crownedâappear with some frequency in medieval European heraldry. They are also sometimes called
3044:
Very few inanimate objects in heraldry carry a special significance distinct from that of the object itself, but among such objects are the
1688:. Armigers bearing moors or moors' heads may have adopted them for any of several reasons, to include symbolizing military victories in the
3840:
3385:, though they are almost never blazoned as runes, but as combinations of other heraldic charges. Musical instruments commonly seen are the
802:
occupying the lower half of the first quarter: its edges follow per bend and per fess from the dexter side to the centre of the field. A
4850:
3056:. The escarbuncle developed from the radiating iron bands used to strengthen a round shield, eventually becoming a heraldic charge. The
1567:
family of Scotland, which depicted a naked man his arms expanded on a black background. The largest group of human charges consists of
2827:
occur very frequently, other fruits less so. When the fruit is mentioned, as to indicate a different tincture, the tree is said to be
2233:", thus termed, is a large monstrous reptile with, often, a forked or barbed tongue, membraned wings like a bat's, and four legs. The
2915:, Canada), though less often as ears, which are shown unwhiskered (though some varieties of wheat are naturally whiskered). Ears of
1672:
appear in European heraldry from at least as early as the 13th century, and some have been attested as early as the 11th century in
5185:
885:
5527:
4166:
2492:
949:
and floral designs, inanimate objects, and other devices. The heraldic animals need not exactly resemble the actual creatures.
2507:
1835:(occasionally of exotic nationality), hearts (always stylized), hands, torso and armored limbs. A famous heraldic hand is the
3818:
5491:
4929:
3412:
are sometimes used as heraldic charges. They are blazoned in traditional heraldic style rather than in the Japanese style.
2845:, which is often stated to be a stylised lily, though despite the name there is considerable debate on this. The "natural"
2095:. There are many meanings attached to this symbol, and it was introduced in France in the early 1760s as the emblem of the
770:
are regions on the sides of the field, bounded by a pair of circular arcs whose centers are beyond the sides of the shield.
2249:
is typically shown as a simple lizard surrounded by flames. Also notably occurring (undoubtedly owing much of its fame to
4789:
3179:
4469:
2465:: with the neck showing a ragged edge as if forcibly torn from the body. While cabossed heads are shown facing forward (
1988:
combines the head (but with ears), chest, wings and forelegs of the eagle with the hindquarters and legs of a lion. The
4957:
4646:
2339:
177:
2531:
2354:
2206:, combine the foreparts of a mammal with the tail of a fish, and a dorsal fin in place of the mane. (When the natural
4763:
4734:
4707:
4669:
4604:
4575:
4546:
4518:
3174:
are shown, almost without exception, as erupting, and the eruption is generally quite stylised. In the 18th century,
3089:
2949:
1701:
1204:
Several other simple charges occur with comparable frequency. These include the mullet or star, crescent and cross:
2920:
1710:
1697:
2919:
are depicted exactly as wheat, except the ears droop down and are often whiskered, e.g. in the arms of the former
2246:
783:) suspended from it; the default is three, but any number may be specified. The label is nearly always a mark of
3328:
also appears as a weapon, the war mace, in addition to its appearance as a symbol of authority, plain mace. The
2599:
is turned toward the right of the shield (as seen by the observer, i.e. the shield-bearer's left), the sinister.
5243:
2293:
730:
3576:
2323:
6504:
2408:
1354:
170:
4282:
3418:
5765:
5760:
3240:
of various types often appear; the most frequent being the ancient galley often called, from the Gaelic, a
2519:
2992:
1743:
639:
3964:
1815:
1169:
707:
is a square occupying the left third of the chief (sometimes reckoned to be a diminutive of the quarter).
253:
5630:
3591:
2393:
1767:
221:) or a symbolic representation of a person, animal, plant, object, building, or other device. In French
3454:
2064:
1706:
1044:
3809:
was granted arms in 1957 displaying a triple-headed eagle said to represent the dukes of Swabia, seen
3776:
3502:
3466:
3442:
2378:
2278:
1719:
568:
6532:
3627:
3615:
3514:
3028:
1097:
366:
3490:
3140:
2366:
1791:
1306:
6324:
5820:
5347:
3099:
is a disc with twelve or more wavy rays, or alternating wavy and straight rays, often represented "
3016:
2546:
1880:
3540:
1984:
resembles a horse with a single horn, but its hooves are usually cloven like those of a deer. The
6487:
6449:
5841:
5780:
5720:
5107:
5052:
5017:
3789:
3390:
3305:
3236:(a crown in the form of a wall with battlements or turrets) in place of a crown over the shield.
2968:
2912:
2628:
Certain features of an animal are often of a contrasting tincture. The charge is then said to be
2072:
2060:
2056:
2052:
1435:
312:
6342:
6291:
6152:
6147:
6142:
6137:
3564:
2459:: with the neck cleanly separated from the body so that the whole head and neck are present; or
1145:
5223:
5200:
5156:
5095:
4950:
4636:
3654:
3520:
3167:
2191:
2080:
2076:
2068:
1495:
1423:
1121:
980:
is a small shield. If borne singly in the centre of the main shield, it is sometimes called an
340:
reach to the edge of the field. Some heraldic writers distinguish, albeit arbitrarily, between
257:
109:
34:
6119:
4429:
4367:
2263:
1214:
is a star of (usually five) straight rays, and may have originated as a representation of the
1157:
1133:
520:
5228:
5178:
5173:
5151:
5035:
4854:
3642:
1507:
1471:
1193:
976:
248:; similarly, a crest or even a charge itself may be "charged", such as a pair of eagle wings
211:
53:
4225:
1483:
1318:
1294:
556:
6347:
5134:
5100:
4992:
4538:
4137:
2113:
1898:
1447:
663:
4755:
Woodward's a treatise on heraldry, British and foreign: with English and French glossaries
3603:
2222:
are quadrupeds but with scales, webbed feet, and often a flat tail resembling that of the
1342:
721:
8:
6205:
6003:
5985:
5775:
5358:
5310:
5285:
4987:
4753:
4594:
4532:
4487:
4192:
Rules for Submissions of the College of Arms of the Society for Creative Anachronism, Inc
3688:
3683:
3430:
2566:
2179:
2150:, which is the farmyard cock with a game bird's tail. Other birds occur less frequently.
2028:
2004:
1886:
1368:
1330:
1067:
325:
217:
3215:
is generally shown as two towers joined by a wall, the doorway often shown secured by a
2980:
6399:
6372:
5700:
5645:
5595:
5506:
5496:
5433:
5408:
5343:
5318:
5290:
5190:
4977:
4528:
4507:
3814:
3717:
As in the coat of arms of the 432d Reconnaissance Group of the United States Air Force.
3200:
3183:
2940:
2461:
1937:
1836:
1052:
989:
938:
694:
439:
269:
4680:
4623:
3178:
began to appear in armory, often depicting the sites of battles. For example, Admiral
3004:
1731:
1459:
6527:
6316:
6247:
6238:
6132:
5861:
5466:
5338:
5255:
5233:
5117:
5069:
4943:
4813:
4769:
4759:
4740:
4730:
4713:
4703:
4686:
4665:
4642:
4610:
4600:
4581:
4571:
4565:
4552:
4542:
4514:
4493:
4119:
3793:
3528:
3229:
2849:, somewhat stylised, also occurs, as (together with the fleur-de-lis) in the arms of
2776:
2425:
2044:
2040:
1945:
1941:
1906:
1840:
1832:
1779:
1638:
1576:
1523:
703:
129:
95:
23:
4658:
3478:
3151:
occurs in modern heraldry, sometimes blazoned as a "snow crystal" or "ice crystal".
3139:) is known. These occasionally appear as a charge, but more frequently constitute a
3077:
2892:(i.e. with a stem), unless blazoned otherwise. The cinquefoil is sometimes blazoned
496:
6128:
6084:
6072:
5993:
5795:
5600:
5547:
5542:
5476:
5461:
5403:
5368:
5218:
5213:
5146:
5112:
5040:
4880:
4841:
3693:
3317:
3289:
3264:-style stoles. In French blazon this charge is sometimes informally referred to as
3163:
2908:
flower constantly appears in South Africa, since it is the national flower symbol.
2803:
Plants are extremely common in heraldry and figure among the earliest charges. The
2624:
faces dexter with its head turned toward sinister, as if looking over its shoulder.
2308:
2036:
1996:
1563:(facing forward), rather than toward the left like beasts. Such as the arms of the
967:
963:
873:
775:
387:
206:
102:
74:
60:
3223:("two-doors"), and has since come to represent the British Parliament. The modern
1803:
861:
698:
is a rectangle occupying the top left quarter of the field, as seen by the viewer.
6499:
6411:
6096:
5941:
5926:
5921:
5856:
5537:
5501:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5328:
5300:
5074:
4997:
3698:
3330:
3325:
3283:
3121:
2911:
Wheat constantly occurs in the form of "garbs" or sheaves and in fields (e.g. in
2854:
2436:) of the stag. Sometimes only the top half of a beast is shown; for example, the
1933:
1921:
1646:
1590:
1586:
1539:
1210:
1040:
998:
712:
620:
603:
544:
421:
396:
241:
160:
6160:
5615:
123:
6423:
6389:
6382:
5936:
5901:
5693:
5620:
5605:
5585:
5323:
5168:
5163:
5057:
5045:
4278:
3810:
3666:
3220:
3096:
2787:
rampant with wings addorsed and elevated) and, together with lions, may appear
2048:
1910:
1755:
1531:
1181:
1109:
1080:
813:
799:
478:, narrower versions, most often mentioned when two or more appear in parallel:
4797:
4262:
3068:) is emblematic of the Roman magisterial office and has often been granted to
2455:): with the head cleanly separated from the neck so that only the face shows;
849:
6521:
6471:
6406:
6377:
6037:
5961:
5893:
4982:
4690:
3737:
3552:
2888:
are abstract forms resembling flowers or leaves. The trefoil is always shown
2833:
2175:
2096:
2088:
2000:
1914:
1642:
1626:
1258:
is shown as a mullet with a bendwise wavy tail, rather than naturalistically.
825:
675:
5846:
2162:, but rather as half-lion half-fish and half-horse half-fish, respectively.
6484:
Non-traditional, regional, or rarely used (sometimes considered unheraldic)
6461:
6439:
6394:
6272:
5931:
5836:
5471:
5398:
5363:
5208:
5141:
5064:
5002:
4497:
3852:
Any notion of a mushroom or "atomic cloud" is of relatively recent vintage.
3409:
3224:
2897:
2850:
2841:
2167:
1856:
1693:
1637:, though an exception may be in the not-uncommon Continental depictions of
1594:
1535:
897:
137:
42:
5873:
5590:
5569:
4381:
279:
In addition to being shown in the regular way, charges may be blazoned as
6466:
6308:
5805:
5785:
5653:
5532:
5295:
3313:
3233:
3081:
2839:
The most famous heraldic flower (particularly in French heraldry) is the
2171:
2092:
1677:
1614:
837:
651:
532:
508:
6281:
5878:
5353:
4893:
3762:
The arms of Marija Bistrica depicting the black Madonna can be found at
3182:
received a chief of augmentation containing a landscape alluding to the
1975:) is a fanciful beast with a wolflike body, a mane and a pointed snout.
240:
can also be used as a verb; for example, if an escutcheon depicts three
5966:
5956:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5851:
5725:
5683:
5663:
5635:
5625:
5012:
4187:
3806:
3378:
3365:
3216:
3196:
3073:
2885:
2881:
1240:
6300:
2811:. Trees also appear in heraldry; the most frequent tree by far is the
2432:) of the lion, the wing (often paired) of the eagle, and the antlers (
6367:
5971:
5951:
5946:
5755:
5740:
5557:
5262:
4283:"The Double-Headed Eagle: iconographic sources of the masonic symbol"
3274:
also occur, sometimes "winged", but more frequently occurring is the
3159:
3148:
2178:(a conventional kind of fish rather than the natural mammal) for the
1713:
are urged to use them delicately to avoid creating offensive images.
1709:
and racial segregation, and applicants to the College of Arms of the
1610:
67:
5610:
5486:
2638:
1831:
Parts of human bodies occur more often than the whole, particularly
6456:
5998:
5883:
5810:
5790:
5735:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5238:
4966:
3199:, usually having a door and a few windows. The canting arms of the
3116:
2928:
2901:
2870:
2250:
2241:
2207:
2159:
2155:
1689:
1685:
1606:
1602:
1601:
very frequently appear, but angelic beings of higher rank, such as
1572:
1519:
1263:
319:
198:
88:
31:
6217:
6169:
3111:"in her plenitude" (full) sometimes appears, distinguished from a
2711:(sleeping). The principal attitude of birds, namely the eagle, is
1864:
6108:
5866:
5800:
5770:
5750:
5745:
5730:
5710:
5564:
5552:
5522:
5481:
5445:
5378:
5333:
5129:
5090:
4902:
3398:
3361:
3293:
3241:
3232:
or a whole town, and cities, towns and Scots burghs often bear a
3171:
2877:
2866:
2861:(the hull of the bud, its points showing between the petals) and
2644:
2203:
2187:
2135:
2127:
2107:
2103:
2027:, which is shown only from the waist up, occurs less frequently.
1985:
1981:
1893:
position; while birds, particularly the eagle, most often appear
1844:
1681:
1650:
1564:
1543:
1527:
994:
942:
784:
779:
is a horizontal strap, with a number of pendants (usually called
758:
594:
462:
4773:
4744:
4717:
4682:
Armorial général: précédé d'un Dictionnaire des termes du blason
4614:
4585:
4556:
4226:
Dizionario italiano ed inglese: A dictionary Italian and English
3312:
is sometimes a symbol of authority, as in the royal arms of the
2795:
two of them turned to face each other in the rampant position).
2190:
shell) became popular as a token of pilgrimage to the shrine of
356:, and narrower or smaller versions of the ordinaries are called
143:
6444:
6418:
6193:
6025:
5815:
5705:
5688:
5658:
5438:
5393:
5383:
5124:
5007:
4924:
3369:
3321:
3261:
3245:
3212:
3135:
3057:
2924:
2905:
2804:
2235:
2230:
2223:
1902:
1634:
1372:: One of the most frequently found charges in heraldry, if not
1058:
934:
400:
is a stripe running from the upper left to the lower right, as
222:
4063:
260:, as they typically follow similar patterns, such as a shield
215:(shield). That may be a geometric design (sometimes called an
6060:
5715:
5388:
5267:
5250:
4167:"Africans in medieval & Renaissance art: the Moor's head"
3382:
3373:
3309:
3301:
3191:
3130:
3069:
2932:
2824:
2820:
2808:
2440:
is among the most common forms occurring in heraldic crests.
1971:
1949:
1868:
1673:
1669:
1622:
1618:
1598:
1580:
1568:
1254:
946:
930:
725:
is a narrower version of the orle, rarely seen except in the
452:
256:). It is important to distinguish between the ordinaries and
81:
4891:
2731:
wings raised and head upturned as if about to take flight),
1700:, possibly to demonstrate the reach of his empire. Even the
434:
is a broad horizontal stripe across the centre of the field.
6164:
5373:
4935:
3402:
3394:
3386:
3357:
3271:
3237:
3108:
3085:
2846:
2816:
2163:
2123:
2035:. As a result of being the dominant charge on the imperial
1961:
1953:
1851:
occur in Iberian armory, canting for the Portuguese family
1593:
mythological figures typically appear in an allegorical or
1271:, normally appears with its horns upward; if its horns are
1268:
1224:
430:
4489:
Heraldry, Ancient and Modern: Including Boutell's Heraldry
4051:
2904:
flower occurs occasionally in a Canadian context, and the
2253:, though it also appears in much earlier heraldry) is the
579:
3749:
See the arms of William de Valence, Earl of Pembroke in
3297:
3296:
of various kinds are constantly seen. The ecclesiastical
3249:
2936:
2916:
2812:
2254:
1995:
The bird most frequently found in armory is, by far, the
1976:
1848:
1630:
4848:
4811:
4794:
National Archives & Records Service of South Africa
4338:(1988 ed.). Shire Publications Ltd. pp. 35â6.
2767:(two fish hauriant, back to back). Serpents may appear
2428:
are also very frequent charges, as are the paw or leg (
1957:
4839:
2815:(drawn with large leaves and acorns), followed by the
2779:). Griffins and quadrupedal dragons constantly appear
2743:(at rest with wings folded), and waterfowl may appear
2660:(horse's mane or human hair) of a specified tincture.
1676:, where they have persisted in the local heraldry and
1625:
is occasionally seen, being defeated by the archangel
4814:"Public Register of Arms, Flags and Badges of Canada"
4407:
3189:
By far the most frequent building in heraldry is the
2679:
or, in the case of stags and the occasional unicorn,
2617:
faces dexter with its head turned to face the viewer.
4471:
Tsubouchi, David Hiroshi (Canadian register of arms)
3943:
3931:
3901:
3877:
3865:
3219:. The portcullis was used as a canting badge by the
2146:
which has a cut comb and exaggerated spurs, and the
1696:
of Morese, Negri, Saraceni, etc., or in the case of
299:
or, more ambiguously, confusingly, and unhelpfully,
4877:
3889:
2807:, for instance, makes an early appearance, as does
1992:lacks wings and his body is scattered with spikes.
1843:invasion. Hands also appear in the coat of arms of
1235:: A star with (usually six) wavy rays is called an
4879:
4657:
4513:(New and revised ed.). London: Robson Books.
4506:
3211:three small towers standing atop a larger one). A
1920:The beast most often portrayed in heraldry is the
1056:is a solid circle, frequently of gold (blazoned a
276:stars, keys, etc.) are discussed in this article.
4570:(18th ed.). London: George Bell & Sons.
3360:constantly occur, most frequently in the arms of
443:is a construction shaped like an inverted letter
6519:
4725:Woodcock, Thomas; Robinson, John Martin (1988).
4724:
4685:(in French). Vol. 1. G. B. van Goor zonen.
4397:
4395:
4393:
4391:
4009:
3997:
3978:
3976:
2707:(lying prone with head raised), or occasionally
1928:(walking and facing the viewer), he is called a
425:is a vertical stripe in the centre of the field.
408:runs from the upper right to the lower left, as
320:Ordinary charges â Ordinaries and sub-ordinaries
4886:. London and Edinburgh: Thomas Nelson and Sons.
4751:
4641:. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History.
4433:
4211:
4069:
3060:(not to be confused with the French term for a
4873:(second ed.). Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.
4787:
4277:
4951:
4504:
4388:
4357:
4075:
3993:
3991:
3973:
3817:, depicted in the Codex Manesse, can be seen
3195:, a tapering cylinder of masonry topped with
1553:
178:
4697:
4333:
4057:
4021:
3286:of five points pierced" by English heralds.
1863:= "testicles" in Italian). The community of
377:Several different figures are recognised as
41:External devices in addition to the central
4564:Clark, Hugh (1892) . Planché, J. R. (ed.).
3839:An example of a tree "erased" can be found
1936:. Other beasts frequently seen include the
1839:, alluding to an incident in the legendary
1043:, which was modified to become that of the
598:is a border touching the edge of the field.
4958:
4944:
4624:"Krapina and Zagorje County - Communities"
4592:
4445:
4401:
4309:
4105:
4093:
4081:
3988:
3982:
3750:
1871:has a coat of arms with a similar charge.
474:Most of the ordinaries have corresponding
185:
171:
4878:Moncreiffe, Iain; Pottinger, Don (1953).
4752:Woodward, John; Burnett, George (1894) .
4655:
4463:
4348:
4249:
4237:
2751:(standing on one leg). Fish often appear
4678:
4425:
4363:
3282:, which is said to more often termed a "
1542:may be added to a shield to distinguish
372:
4830:
4527:
4485:
4321:
4117:
4033:
2896:(strawberry flower), most notably when
1692:, as a pun on the bearer's name in the
727:double tressure flory and counter-flory
580:Honourable ordinaries or sub-ordinaries
6520:
4660:Heraldry: Sources, Symbols and Meaning
4638:Air Force Combat Units of World War II
4634:
4628:The Flags & Arms of the Modern Era
4621:
4413:
4161:
4159:
4157:
3960:
3958:
3949:
3937:
3907:
3895:
3883:
3871:
3790:Coats of arms of the House of Colleoni
3763:
2939:also occur. The "garb" in the arms of
2652:(antlers or very occasionally horns),
2560:
2174:, also called luce, for Pike or Lucy;
311:. There are also several units in the
264:"per chevron", as distinct from being
205:is any emblem or device occupying the
4939:
4903:"Civic Heraldry of England and Wales"
4900:
4868:
4835:. Ottawa: Heraldry Society of Canada.
4820:
4758:. Edinburgh: W. & A. B. Johnson.
4698:von Volborth, Carl-Alexander (1981).
4563:
4457:
4353:. Frederick Warne and Co. p. 67.
4045:
1073:a roundel barry wavy argent and azure
4664:. Maidenhead, England: McGraw-Hill.
4142:A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry
3154:The oldest geological charge is the
3125:are stars with six wavy rays, while
3039:
2747:(swimming), while cranes may appear
2667:The principal attitude of beasts is
2245:are dragons with only two legs. The
952:
4702:. Poole, England: Blandford Press.
4700:Heraldry: Customs, Rules and Styles
4593:Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles (1909).
4154:
3955:
3753:, fig. 120) for an example of this.
3180:Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson
2913:the arms of the province of Alberta
2166:of various species often appear in
13:
4892:Royal Heraldry Society of Canada.
4781:
4622:Heimer, Zeljko (9 December 2018).
4135:
3775:In his July 15, 2005 blog article
2869:frequently appears as a symbol of
2130:in heraldry is described as being
1859:showing three pairs of testicles (
746:is the lower portion of the field.
466:is a diagonal cross, often called
391:is the upper portion of the field.
14:
6544:
4917:
4379:
3205:Gules, a tower triple-turreted Or
3090:Worshipful Company of Fishmongers
2763:(downwards), but may also appear
908:
686:
6493:
6159:
6127:
4923:
4827:âSome illustrations of attitudes
3965:The UK Linguistics Olympiad 2018
3665:
3653:
3641:
3626:
3614:
3602:
3590:
3575:
3563:
3551:
3539:
3527:
3513:
3501:
3489:
3477:
3465:
3453:
3441:
3429:
3417:
3320:, as the patron of a town (e.g.
3027:
3015:
3003:
2991:
2979:
2967:
2948:
2921:Ruislip-Northwood Urban District
2545:
2530:
2518:
2506:
2491:
2407:
2392:
2377:
2365:
2353:
2338:
2322:
2307:
2292:
2277:
2262:
1814:
1802:
1790:
1778:
1766:
1754:
1742:
1730:
1718:
1711:Society for Creative Anachronism
1506:
1494:
1482:
1470:
1458:
1446:
1434:
1422:
1353:
1341:
1329:
1317:
1305:
1293:
1192:
1180:
1168:
1156:
1144:
1132:
1120:
1108:
1096:
896:
884:
872:
860:
848:
836:
824:
812:
674:
662:
650:
638:
567:
555:
543:
531:
519:
507:
495:
154:
142:
4479:
4451:
4439:
4419:
4373:
4351:The Observer's Book of Heraldry
4342:
4327:
4315:
4303:
4271:
4255:
4243:
4231:
4217:
4205:
4180:
4129:
4111:
4099:
4087:
4039:
4027:
4015:
4003:
3846:
3833:
3824:
3799:
3782:
3769:
3756:
3743:
3729:
3720:
2739:(standing, with wings raised),
2482:, and a fox's head cabossed, a
2419:
1243:word for 'star'; modern French
229:, and other charges are called
4849:Heraldry Society of Scotland.
4599:. New York: Dodge Publishing.
4010:Woodcock & Robinson (1988)
3998:Woodcock & Robinson (1988)
3913:
3711:
3381:, abstract symbols resembling
2865:in contrasting tinctures. The
2210:is meant, it is blazoned as a
1826:
733:and of many other Scots coats.
731:royal coat of arms of Scotland
1:
4901:Young, Robert (12 May 2005).
4812:Canadian Heraldic Authority.
4776:– via Internet Archive.
4693:– via Internet Archive.
4617:– via Internet Archive.
4588:– via Internet Archive.
4559:– via Internet Archive.
4500:– via Internet Archive.
4434:Woodward & Burnett (1894)
4212:Woodward & Burnett (1894)
4070:Woodward & Burnett (1894)
3859:
3076:(taking a form similar to a "
2632:(claws and horns and tusks),
2085:Double-Headed Eagle of Lagash
1283:it represents a waning moon (
1275:it represents a waxing moon (
404:, as seen by the viewer. The
6250:(metal in the United States)
4965:
4840:Heraldry Society (England).
4823:A New Dictionary of Heraldry
4821:Friar, Stephen, ed. (1987).
4727:The Oxford Guide to Heraldry
4656:Neubecker, Ottfried (1976).
4635:Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983).
4596:A Complete Guide to Heraldry
4505:Brooke-Little, J P (1985) .
4223:Altieri, Ferdinando (1726).
4169:. Victoria and Albert Museum
3119:occur much more frequently.
2771:(gliding in a wavy form) or
2126:is also often seen, and the
2087:is used as an emblem by the
1019:with a lozenge-shaped hole).
225:, the ordinaries are called
7:
4851:"HSS Members' - Scots Arms"
4729:. Oxford University Press.
4567:An Introduction to Heraldry
4492:. London: Frederick Warne.
4349:MacKinnon, Charles (1966).
4188:"Part IX: Offensive Armory"
3677:
3334:, also variously called an
2755:(swimming horizontally) or
2142:to distinguish it from the
254:coat of arms of Brandenburg
10:
6549:
4869:Innes, Sir Thomas (1956).
4833:A Canadian Heraldic Primer
4292:(Special issue No.3): 5â15
3921:"961st Engineer Battalion"
2564:
1878:
1874:
1707:Trans-Atlantic slave trade
1680:well into modern times in
1554:Human or humanlike figures
1045:kingdom of the Netherlands
628:is shaped like the letter
323:
6480:
6432:
6360:
6333:
6257:
6226:
6180:
6118:
6047:
6012:
5984:
5892:
5829:
5644:
5578:
5515:
5454:
5309:
5276:
5199:
5083:
5028:
4973:
4486:Boutell, Charles (1890).
3316:, but may also allude to
3304:are nearly ubiquitous in
2798:
2579:, a leopard or herbivore
1702:arms of Pope Benedict XVI
1609:, are extremely rare. An
997:generally resembling the
367:Arthur Charles Fox-Davies
4825:. Sherborne: Alphabooks.
4679:Rietstap, J. B. (1884).
4263:
4118:Douglas, Robert (1764).
3777:"Is that a Moor's head?"
3704:
2134:. The domestic cock (or
1881:Category:Heraldic beasts
1518:In English heraldry the
246:charged with three lions
6488:List of oldest heraldry
4894:"Members' Roll of Arms"
4842:"Members' Roll of Arms"
4831:Greaves, Kevin (2000).
4122:our best historians ...
3391:coat of arms of Ireland
3306:ecclesiastical heraldry
3084:and, by extension, the
1613:appears in the arms of
1380:(with equal limbs) and
1008:: A more acute lozenge.
480:bendlets, pallets, bars
343:(honourable) ordinaries
313:United States Air Force
295:and rather irregularly
287:, (rather incorrectly)
4125:Edinburgh: R. Fleming.
3521:fire basket (heraldry)
3268:(a sleeve badly cut).
3115:by having a face; but
2192:Santiago de Compostela
2138:) is sometimes called
1968:(unless blazoned as a
1901:based on the story of
933:figures, human parts,
258:divisions of the field
3080:") are emblematic of
2513:Three leopard's faces
2031:almost always appear
1084:is a roundel voided (
1026:: A lozenge pierced (
379:honourable ordinaries
373:Honourable ordinaries
250:charged with trefoils
4932:at Wikimedia Commons
4788:Bureau of Heraldry.
4539:Kessinger Publishing
4534:Handbook of Heraldry
4509:An heraldic alphabet
4336:Discovering Heraldry
3244:. Also frequent are
2083:. Additionally, the
2029:Double-headed eagles
1899:Heinrich von Veldeke
1015:: A lozenge voided (
729:, an element of the
468:Saint Andrew's cross
6500:Heraldry portal
5927:Hastings/Hungerford
5214:Crowns and coronets
5186:National traditions
4930:Charges in heraldry
4888:âMany illustrations
4380:Velde, Francois R.
4058:von Volborth (1981)
4022:von Volborth (1981)
3689:Attitude (heraldry)
3684:Ordinary (heraldry)
2567:Attitude (heraldry)
2561:Attitude of animals
2180:Dauphin de Viennois
1749:Angel slaying Demon
1030:with a round hole).
939:legendary creatures
326:Ordinary (heraldry)
291:, highly unusually
244:, it is said to be
161:Heraldry portal
5884:Waterlily/Seeblatt
5108:Ancient and modern
4334:Jacqueline Fearn.
4290:The Chain of Union
4084:, pp. 295â296
3815:Reinmar von Zweter
3813:, and the arms of
3266:manche mal taillée
3201:Kingdom of Castile
3184:Battle of the Nile
3107:with a face). The
3034:Three maple leaves
2469:), heads that are
1907:Holy Roman emperor
1837:Red Hand of Ulster
1279:), and with horns
1267:, a symbol of the
1175:Roundels (bezants)
1001:of playing cards.
482:(multiples of the
6515:
6514:
6356:
6355:
6294:(color in Canada)
5980:
5979:
4928:Media related to
4446:Fox-Davies (1909)
4402:Fox-Davies (1909)
4382:"Sex in Heraldry"
4310:Fox-Davies (1909)
4106:Fox-Davies (1909)
4094:Fox-Davies (1909)
4082:Fox-Davies (1909)
3983:Fox-Davies (1909)
3794:Wikimedia Commons
3436:Book with letters
3040:Inanimate objects
2777:figure-eight knot
2683:, and may appear
2610:faces the viewer.
2443:Heads may appear
1639:Madonna and Child
1575:) in the arms of
1550:) coats of arms.
1360:Star and crescent
953:Geometric charges
360:. While the term
195:
194:
6540:
6533:Heraldic charges
6498:
6497:
6496:
6336:
6323:
6315:
6307:
6299:
6289:
6279:
6271:
6268:
6260:
6245:
6237:
6229:
6216:
6213:
6204:
6201:
6192:
6189:
6163:
6131:
6107:
6104:
6095:
6092:
6083:
6080:
6071:
6068:
6059:
6056:
6036:
6033:
6024:
6021:
6010:
6009:
5994:Rule of tincture
5711:Griffin/Keythong
5307:
5306:
4998:Officers of arms
4960:
4953:
4946:
4937:
4936:
4927:
4913:
4911:
4909:
4897:
4887:
4885:
4874:
4865:
4863:
4862:
4853:. Archived from
4845:
4836:
4826:
4817:
4808:
4806:
4805:
4796:. Archived from
4777:
4748:
4721:
4694:
4675:
4663:
4652:
4631:
4618:
4589:
4560:
4529:Cussans, John E.
4524:
4512:
4501:
4474:
4467:
4461:
4455:
4449:
4443:
4437:
4423:
4417:
4411:
4405:
4399:
4386:
4385:
4377:
4371:
4361:
4355:
4354:
4346:
4340:
4339:
4331:
4325:
4319:
4313:
4307:
4301:
4300:
4298:
4297:
4287:
4275:
4269:
4268:
4264:ă§ćČăăćŸăăăăźææź”ăšăŻïŒ
4259:
4253:
4250:Neubecker (1976)
4247:
4241:
4238:Neubecker (1976)
4235:
4229:
4221:
4215:
4209:
4203:
4202:
4200:
4199:
4184:
4178:
4177:
4175:
4174:
4163:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4148:
4133:
4127:
4126:
4115:
4109:
4108:, pp. 128â9
4103:
4097:
4091:
4085:
4079:
4073:
4067:
4061:
4055:
4049:
4043:
4037:
4031:
4025:
4024:, pp. 18â19
4019:
4013:
4012:, pp. 58â61
4007:
4001:
3995:
3986:
3980:
3971:
3962:
3953:
3947:
3941:
3935:
3929:
3928:
3923:. Archived from
3917:
3911:
3905:
3899:
3893:
3887:
3881:
3875:
3869:
3853:
3850:
3844:
3837:
3831:
3828:
3822:
3803:
3797:
3786:
3780:
3773:
3767:
3760:
3754:
3751:Fox-Davies (1909
3747:
3741:
3733:
3727:
3724:
3718:
3715:
3694:Eagle (heraldry)
3669:
3660:Tower on a mount
3657:
3645:
3635:in his splendour
3630:
3618:
3606:
3594:
3584:in her plenitude
3579:
3567:
3555:
3543:
3531:
3517:
3505:
3493:
3481:
3469:
3457:
3445:
3433:
3421:
3164:Edinburgh Castle
3101:in his splendour
3031:
3019:
3007:
2995:
2983:
2971:
2952:
2900:for Fraser. The
2549:
2534:
2522:
2510:
2495:
2411:
2396:
2381:
2369:
2357:
2342:
2326:
2311:
2301:passant guardant
2296:
2281:
2266:
1926:passant guardant
1818:
1806:
1794:
1782:
1770:
1758:
1746:
1734:
1722:
1641:, including the
1510:
1498:
1486:
1474:
1462:
1450:
1438:
1426:
1357:
1345:
1333:
1321:
1309:
1297:
1196:
1184:
1172:
1160:
1148:
1136:
1124:
1112:
1100:
937:, animal parts,
900:
888:
876:
864:
852:
840:
828:
816:
678:
666:
654:
642:
571:
559:
547:
535:
523:
511:
499:
337:ordinary charges
187:
180:
173:
159:
158:
157:
146:
19:
18:
6548:
6547:
6543:
6542:
6541:
6539:
6538:
6537:
6518:
6517:
6516:
6511:
6494:
6492:
6476:
6428:
6352:
6334:
6329:
6321:
6313:
6305:
6297:
6287:
6277:
6269:
6266:
6258:
6253:
6243:
6235:
6227:
6222:
6214:
6211:
6202:
6199:
6190:
6187:
6176:
6114:
6105:
6102:
6093:
6090:
6081:
6078:
6069:
6066:
6057:
6054:
6043:
6034:
6031:
6022:
6019:
6008:
5976:
5942:Hungerford knot
5912:Cavendish/Savoy
5888:
5825:
5640:
5574:
5511:
5450:
5305:
5272:
5195:
5079:
5024:
4969:
4964:
4920:
4907:
4905:
4882:Simple Heraldry
4860:
4858:
4803:
4801:
4784:
4782:Further reading
4766:
4737:
4710:
4672:
4649:
4607:
4578:
4549:
4521:
4482:
4477:
4468:
4464:
4456:
4452:
4444:
4440:
4426:Rietstap (1884)
4424:
4420:
4412:
4408:
4400:
4389:
4378:
4374:
4364:Rietstap (1884)
4362:
4358:
4347:
4343:
4332:
4328:
4320:
4316:
4308:
4304:
4295:
4293:
4285:
4276:
4272:
4265:
4261:
4260:
4256:
4248:
4244:
4236:
4232:
4222:
4218:
4210:
4206:
4197:
4195:
4186:
4185:
4181:
4172:
4170:
4165:
4164:
4155:
4146:
4144:
4136:Parker, James.
4134:
4130:
4116:
4112:
4104:
4100:
4092:
4088:
4080:
4076:
4068:
4064:
4056:
4052:
4044:
4040:
4032:
4028:
4020:
4016:
4008:
4004:
3996:
3989:
3981:
3974:
3963:
3956:
3948:
3944:
3936:
3932:
3919:
3918:
3914:
3906:
3902:
3894:
3890:
3882:
3878:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3857:
3856:
3851:
3847:
3838:
3834:
3829:
3825:
3804:
3800:
3787:
3783:
3774:
3770:
3761:
3757:
3748:
3744:
3734:
3730:
3725:
3721:
3716:
3712:
3707:
3699:Lion (heraldry)
3680:
3673:
3670:
3661:
3658:
3649:
3646:
3637:
3631:
3622:
3619:
3610:
3607:
3598:
3595:
3586:
3580:
3571:
3568:
3559:
3556:
3547:
3544:
3535:
3532:
3523:
3518:
3509:
3506:
3497:
3494:
3485:
3482:
3473:
3470:
3461:
3458:
3449:
3446:
3437:
3434:
3425:
3422:
3331:globus cruciger
3042:
3035:
3032:
3023:
3020:
3011:
3008:
2999:
2996:
2987:
2984:
2975:
2972:
2963:
2953:
2823:and bunches of
2801:
2593:toward sinister
2569:
2563:
2556:
2550:
2541:
2535:
2526:
2523:
2514:
2511:
2502:
2496:
2422:
2415:
2412:
2403:
2397:
2388:
2382:
2373:
2370:
2361:
2358:
2349:
2343:
2334:
2327:
2318:
2312:
2303:
2297:
2288:
2282:
2273:
2267:
1883:
1877:
1829:
1822:
1819:
1810:
1807:
1798:
1797:Knight on horse
1795:
1786:
1783:
1774:
1771:
1762:
1759:
1750:
1747:
1738:
1735:
1726:
1723:
1647:Marija Bistrica
1645:in the arms of
1556:
1514:
1511:
1502:
1499:
1490:
1487:
1478:
1475:
1466:
1463:
1454:
1451:
1442:
1439:
1430:
1427:
1361:
1358:
1349:
1346:
1337:
1334:
1325:
1322:
1313:
1312:Mullets pierced
1310:
1301:
1298:
1200:
1197:
1188:
1185:
1176:
1173:
1164:
1161:
1152:
1149:
1140:
1137:
1128:
1125:
1116:
1113:
1104:
1101:
1071:is depicted as
1041:house of Nassau
955:
911:
904:
901:
892:
889:
880:
877:
868:
865:
856:
853:
844:
841:
832:
829:
820:
817:
744:terrace in base
689:
682:
679:
670:
667:
658:
655:
646:
643:
582:
575:
572:
563:
560:
551:
548:
539:
536:
527:
524:
515:
512:
503:
500:
412:. (In heraldry
375:
328:
322:
191:
155:
153:
148:
147:
141:
134:
120:
113:
106:
99:
92:
85:
78:
71:
64:
57:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6546:
6536:
6535:
6530:
6513:
6512:
6510:
6509:
6508:
6507:
6490:
6485:
6481:
6478:
6477:
6475:
6474:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6454:
6453:
6452:
6442:
6436:
6434:
6430:
6429:
6427:
6426:
6424:Trophy of arms
6421:
6416:
6415:
6414:
6404:
6403:
6402:
6392:
6387:
6386:
6385:
6383:banner of arms
6375:
6370:
6364:
6362:
6358:
6357:
6354:
6353:
6351:
6350:
6345:
6339:
6337:
6331:
6330:
6328:
6327:
6319:
6311:
6303:
6295:
6285:
6275:
6263:
6261:
6255:
6254:
6252:
6251:
6241:
6232:
6230:
6224:
6223:
6221:
6220:
6209:
6197:
6184:
6182:
6178:
6177:
6175:
6174:
6173:
6172:
6157:
6156:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6124:
6122:
6116:
6115:
6113:
6112:
6100:
6088:
6076:
6064:
6051:
6049:
6045:
6044:
6042:
6041:
6029:
6016:
6014:
6007:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5990:
5988:
5982:
5981:
5978:
5977:
5975:
5974:
5969:
5967:Tristram/Bowen
5964:
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5898:
5896:
5890:
5889:
5887:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5870:
5869:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5833:
5831:
5827:
5826:
5824:
5823:
5818:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5793:
5788:
5783:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5697:
5696:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5650:
5648:
5642:
5641:
5639:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5582:
5580:
5576:
5575:
5573:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5561:
5560:
5555:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5519:
5517:
5513:
5512:
5510:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5458:
5456:
5452:
5451:
5449:
5448:
5443:
5442:
5441:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5315:
5313:
5304:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5282:
5280:
5274:
5273:
5271:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5259:
5258:
5248:
5247:
5246:
5236:
5231:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5205:
5203:
5197:
5196:
5194:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5182:
5181:
5176:
5166:
5161:
5160:
5159:
5154:
5144:
5139:
5138:
5137:
5127:
5122:
5121:
5120:
5110:
5105:
5104:
5103:
5093:
5087:
5085:
5081:
5080:
5078:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5061:
5060:
5053:Ecclesiastical
5050:
5049:
5048:
5043:
5032:
5030:
5026:
5025:
5023:
5022:
5021:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4963:
4962:
4955:
4948:
4940:
4934:
4933:
4919:
4918:External links
4916:
4915:
4914:
4898:
4889:
4875:
4871:Scots Heraldry
4866:
4846:
4837:
4828:
4818:
4809:
4783:
4780:
4779:
4778:
4764:
4749:
4735:
4722:
4708:
4695:
4676:
4670:
4653:
4648:9780-912799025
4647:
4632:
4619:
4605:
4590:
4576:
4561:
4547:
4525:
4519:
4502:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4462:
4450:
4438:
4418:
4416:, p. 372.
4406:
4387:
4372:
4356:
4341:
4326:
4322:Cussans (2003)
4314:
4302:
4279:Pierre Mollier
4270:
4254:
4242:
4230:
4216:
4204:
4179:
4153:
4128:
4110:
4098:
4086:
4074:
4072:, p. 444.
4062:
4050:
4038:
4034:Boutell (1890)
4026:
4014:
4002:
3987:
3972:
3954:
3952:, p. 163.
3942:
3940:, p. 339.
3930:
3927:on 2016-08-13.
3912:
3910:, p. 261.
3900:
3888:
3886:, p. 393.
3876:
3874:, p. 303.
3863:
3861:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3845:
3832:
3823:
3798:
3781:
3768:
3755:
3742:
3728:
3719:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3640:
3638:
3632:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3589:
3587:
3581:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3526:
3524:
3519:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3476:
3474:
3472:Three clarions
3471:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3416:
3221:House of Tudor
3113:roundel argent
3041:
3038:
3037:
3036:
3033:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3002:
3000:
2998:Three trefoils
2997:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2966:
2964:
2954:
2947:
2800:
2797:
2626:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2600:
2565:Main article:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2557:
2551:
2544:
2542:
2536:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2505:
2503:
2497:
2490:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2406:
2404:
2398:
2391:
2389:
2383:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2352:
2350:
2344:
2337:
2335:
2333:with a coronet
2328:
2321:
2319:
2313:
2306:
2304:
2298:
2291:
2289:
2283:
2276:
2274:
2268:
2261:
1911:Henry the Lion
1876:
1873:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1820:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1717:
1555:
1552:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1445:
1443:
1441:cross crosslet
1440:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1414:cross crosslet
1363:
1362:
1359:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1259:
1250:
1249:
1248:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1076:
1048:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1020:
1009:
985:
954:
951:
927:mobile charges
922:common charges
919:(or sometimes
916:mobile charges
913:The so-called
910:
909:Mobile charges
907:
906:
905:
902:
895:
893:
890:
883:
881:
878:
871:
869:
866:
859:
857:
854:
847:
845:
842:
835:
833:
830:
823:
821:
818:
811:
808:
807:
804:gyron sinister
800:right triangle
792:
771:
755:
747:
736:
735:
734:
708:
699:
688:
687:Sub-ordinaries
685:
684:
683:
680:
673:
671:
668:
661:
659:
656:
649:
647:
644:
637:
634:
633:
616:
599:
586:sub-ordinaries
581:
578:
577:
576:
573:
566:
564:
561:
554:
552:
549:
542:
540:
537:
530:
528:
525:
518:
516:
513:
506:
504:
501:
494:
472:
471:
458:
448:
435:
426:
417:
392:
374:
371:
354:sub-ordinaries
349:sub-ordinaries
332:mobile charges
324:Main article:
321:
318:
233:(" mobile ").
193:
192:
190:
189:
182:
175:
167:
164:
163:
150:
149:
135:
121:
114:
107:
100:
93:
86:
79:
72:
65:
58:
51:
50:
49:
46:
45:
38:
37:
28:
27:
16:Heraldic motif
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6545:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6525:
6523:
6506:
6503:
6502:
6501:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6483:
6482:
6479:
6473:
6472:Sigillography
6470:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6451:
6448:
6447:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6438:
6437:
6435:
6431:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6413:
6410:
6409:
6408:
6405:
6401:
6398:
6397:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6384:
6381:
6380:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6365:
6363:
6359:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6340:
6338:
6332:
6326:
6320:
6318:
6312:
6310:
6304:
6302:
6296:
6293:
6286:
6283:
6276:
6274:
6265:
6264:
6262:
6256:
6249:
6242:
6240:
6234:
6233:
6231:
6225:
6219:
6210:
6207:
6198:
6195:
6186:
6185:
6183:
6179:
6171:
6168:
6167:
6166:
6162:
6158:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6135:
6134:
6130:
6126:
6125:
6123:
6121:
6117:
6110:
6101:
6098:
6089:
6086:
6077:
6074:
6065:
6062:
6053:
6052:
6050:
6046:
6039:
6030:
6027:
6018:
6017:
6015:
6011:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5987:
5983:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5899:
5897:
5895:
5891:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5868:
5865:
5864:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5842:Laurel wreath
5840:
5838:
5835:
5834:
5832:
5828:
5822:
5819:
5817:
5814:
5812:
5809:
5807:
5804:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5695:
5692:
5691:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5651:
5649:
5647:
5643:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5583:
5581:
5577:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5550:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5514:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5459:
5457:
5453:
5447:
5444:
5440:
5437:
5436:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5349:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5316:
5314:
5312:
5308:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5283:
5281:
5279:
5275:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5257:
5254:
5253:
5252:
5249:
5245:
5242:
5241:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5206:
5204:
5202:
5198:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5171:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5149:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5136:
5133:
5132:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5102:
5099:
5098:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5088:
5086:
5082:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5059:
5056:
5055:
5054:
5051:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5038:
5037:
5034:
5033:
5031:
5027:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
5000:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4983:Grant of arms
4981:
4979:
4976:
4975:
4972:
4968:
4961:
4956:
4954:
4949:
4947:
4942:
4941:
4938:
4931:
4926:
4922:
4921:
4904:
4899:
4895:
4890:
4884:
4883:
4876:
4872:
4867:
4857:on 2013-05-07
4856:
4852:
4847:
4843:
4838:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4815:
4810:
4800:on 2019-07-24
4799:
4795:
4791:
4786:
4785:
4775:
4771:
4767:
4765:0-7153-4464-1
4761:
4757:
4756:
4750:
4746:
4742:
4738:
4736:0-19-211658-4
4732:
4728:
4723:
4719:
4715:
4711:
4709:0-7137-0940-5
4705:
4701:
4696:
4692:
4688:
4684:
4683:
4677:
4673:
4671:0-07-046312-3
4667:
4662:
4661:
4654:
4650:
4644:
4640:
4639:
4633:
4629:
4625:
4620:
4616:
4612:
4608:
4606:0-517-26643-1
4602:
4598:
4597:
4591:
4587:
4583:
4579:
4577:1-4325-3999-X
4573:
4569:
4568:
4562:
4558:
4554:
4550:
4548:0-7661-7338-0
4544:
4540:
4536:
4535:
4530:
4526:
4522:
4520:9780860513209
4516:
4511:
4510:
4503:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4490:
4484:
4483:
4473:
4472:
4466:
4460:, p. 164
4459:
4454:
4448:, p. 286
4447:
4442:
4436:, p. 376
4435:
4431:
4427:
4422:
4415:
4414:Maurer (1983)
4410:
4404:, p. 291
4403:
4398:
4396:
4394:
4392:
4383:
4376:
4369:
4365:
4360:
4352:
4345:
4337:
4330:
4323:
4318:
4312:, p. 242
4311:
4306:
4291:
4284:
4280:
4274:
4266:
4258:
4251:
4246:
4240:, p. 110
4239:
4234:
4228:
4227:
4220:
4214:, p. 203
4213:
4208:
4193:
4189:
4183:
4168:
4162:
4160:
4158:
4143:
4139:
4132:
4124:
4123:
4114:
4107:
4102:
4096:, p. 127
4095:
4090:
4083:
4078:
4071:
4066:
4060:, p. 76.
4059:
4054:
4047:
4042:
4035:
4030:
4023:
4018:
4011:
4006:
3999:
3994:
3992:
3985:, p. 107
3984:
3979:
3977:
3970:
3966:
3961:
3959:
3951:
3950:Maurer (1983)
3946:
3939:
3938:Maurer (1983)
3934:
3926:
3922:
3916:
3909:
3908:Maurer (1983)
3904:
3898:, p. 21.
3897:
3896:Maurer (1983)
3892:
3885:
3884:Maurer (1983)
3880:
3873:
3872:Maurer (1983)
3868:
3864:
3849:
3842:
3836:
3827:
3820:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3802:
3795:
3791:
3785:
3778:
3772:
3765:
3764:Heimer (2018)
3759:
3752:
3746:
3739:
3738:Tudor dynasty
3732:
3723:
3714:
3710:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3681:
3668:
3663:
3656:
3651:
3644:
3639:
3636:
3629:
3624:
3617:
3612:
3605:
3600:
3593:
3588:
3585:
3578:
3573:
3566:
3561:
3554:
3549:
3546:Keys addorsed
3542:
3537:
3530:
3525:
3522:
3516:
3511:
3504:
3499:
3492:
3487:
3480:
3475:
3468:
3463:
3456:
3451:
3444:
3439:
3432:
3427:
3420:
3415:
3414:
3413:
3411:
3406:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3375:
3371:
3368:, though the
3367:
3363:
3359:
3355:
3353:
3349:
3346:(from French
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3332:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3300:and bishop's
3299:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3267:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3193:
3187:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3165:
3162:, portraying
3161:
3157:
3152:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3137:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3123:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3093:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3030:
3025:
3018:
3013:
3006:
3001:
2994:
2989:
2986:Heraldic rose
2982:
2977:
2970:
2965:
2962:
2958:
2951:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2843:
2837:
2835:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2759:(upwards) or
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2665:
2661:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2646:
2641:
2640:
2635:
2631:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2612:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2589:
2588:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2568:
2555:
2548:
2543:
2540:
2533:
2528:
2521:
2516:
2509:
2504:
2501:
2494:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2441:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2410:
2405:
2402:
2395:
2390:
2387:
2380:
2375:
2368:
2363:
2356:
2351:
2348:
2345:Three salmon
2341:
2336:
2332:
2325:
2320:
2317:
2310:
2305:
2302:
2295:
2290:
2287:
2280:
2275:
2272:
2265:
2260:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2140:dunghill cock
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2109:
2105:
2100:
2098:
2097:Knight Kadosh
2094:
2090:
2089:Scottish Rite
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
2001:Codex Manesse
1998:
1993:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1978:
1974:
1973:
1967:
1964:or hart. The
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1934:French blazon
1931:
1927:
1924:. When posed
1923:
1918:
1916:
1915:House of Welf
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1882:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1821:Clergy Member
1817:
1812:
1805:
1800:
1793:
1788:
1781:
1776:
1769:
1764:
1757:
1752:
1745:
1740:
1733:
1728:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1654:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1643:Black Madonna
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1627:Saint Michael
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1551:
1549:
1548:undifferenced
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1509:
1504:
1501:cross patonce
1497:
1492:
1485:
1480:
1473:
1468:
1465:Maltese cross
1461:
1456:
1449:
1444:
1437:
1432:
1429:cross botonny
1425:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1410:cross patonce
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1386:cross botonny
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1364:
1356:
1351:
1344:
1339:
1332:
1327:
1320:
1315:
1308:
1303:
1296:
1291:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1265:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1206:
1205:
1195:
1190:
1183:
1178:
1171:
1166:
1159:
1154:
1147:
1142:
1135:
1130:
1123:
1118:
1111:
1106:
1099:
1094:
1093:
1087:
1083:
1082:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1060:
1055:
1054:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
991:
986:
983:
979:
978:
973:
972:
971:
969:
965:
961:
950:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
923:
918:
917:
899:
894:
887:
882:
875:
870:
863:
858:
851:
846:
839:
834:
827:
822:
815:
810:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
790:
786:
782:
778:
777:
772:
769:
765:
761:
760:
756:
752:
748:
745:
741:
737:
732:
728:
724:
723:
718:
717:
715:
714:
709:
706:
705:
700:
697:
696:
691:
690:
677:
672:
669:Pile reversed
665:
660:
653:
648:
641:
636:
635:
631:
627:
623:
622:
617:
614:
613:pile bendwise
610:
609:pile reversed
606:
605:
600:
597:
596:
591:
590:
589:
587:
570:
565:
558:
553:
546:
541:
534:
529:
522:
517:
510:
505:
498:
493:
492:
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
469:
465:
464:
459:
455:
454:
449:
446:
442:
441:
436:
433:
432:
427:
424:
423:
418:
415:
411:
407:
406:bend sinister
403:
399:
398:
393:
390:
389:
384:
383:
382:
380:
370:
368:
363:
359:
355:
351:
350:
345:
344:
339:
338:
333:
327:
317:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
297:in silhouette
294:
290:
286:
282:
277:
273:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
234:
232:
228:
224:
220:
219:
214:
213:
208:
204:
200:
188:
183:
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176:
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169:
168:
166:
165:
162:
152:
151:
145:
140:
139:
132:
131:
126:
125:
119:
118:
112:
111:
105:
104:
98:
97:
91:
90:
84:
83:
77:
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70:
69:
63:
62:
56:
55:
48:
47:
44:
40:
39:
36:
33:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
6462:Phaleristics
6395:Roll of arms
6361:Applications
6273:Bleu celeste
6259:Rare colours
5952:Ormonde/Wake
5837:Fleur-de-lis
5399:Inescutcheon
5364:Crozier head
5277:
5209:Coat of arms
5096:Augmentation
5003:King of Arms
4906:. Retrieved
4881:
4870:
4859:. Retrieved
4855:the original
4832:
4822:
4802:. Retrieved
4798:the original
4793:
4754:
4726:
4699:
4681:
4659:
4637:
4627:
4595:
4566:
4533:
4508:
4488:
4480:Bibliography
4470:
4465:
4458:Clark (1892)
4453:
4441:
4421:
4409:
4375:
4359:
4350:
4344:
4335:
4329:
4324:, p. 93
4317:
4305:
4294:. Retrieved
4289:
4273:
4257:
4252:, p. 83
4245:
4233:
4224:
4219:
4207:
4196:. Retrieved
4194:. 2008-04-02
4191:
4182:
4171:. Retrieved
4145:. Retrieved
4141:
4131:
4120:
4113:
4101:
4089:
4077:
4065:
4053:
4048:, p. 16
4046:Clark (1892)
4041:
4036:, p. 20
4029:
4017:
4005:
4000:, p. 58
3969:www.uklo.org
3968:
3945:
3933:
3925:the original
3915:
3903:
3891:
3879:
3867:
3848:
3835:
3826:
3805:The town of
3801:
3784:
3771:
3758:
3745:
3731:
3722:
3713:
3634:
3609:Snow crystal
3583:
3407:
3366:universities
3356:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3335:
3329:
3288:
3279:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3256:
3254:
3208:
3204:
3190:
3188:
3175:
3155:
3153:
3144:
3134:
3126:
3120:
3112:
3104:
3100:
3094:
3078:skeleton key
3065:
3061:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3043:
2974:Fleur-de-lis
2960:
2956:
2910:
2893:
2889:
2875:
2862:
2858:
2851:Eton College
2842:fleur-de-lis
2840:
2838:
2834:decorticated
2828:
2802:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2687:(standing),
2684:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2666:
2662:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2643:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2627:
2621:
2614:
2607:
2603:
2596:
2592:
2585:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2570:
2553:
2552:Bull's head
2538:
2537:Boar's head
2499:
2498:Hart's head
2483:
2479:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2442:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2423:
2420:Animal parts
2400:
2385:
2360:Six martlets
2346:
2330:
2315:
2300:
2285:
2270:
2240:
2234:
2228:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2199:
2195:
2183:
2168:canting arms
2152:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2132:in its pride
2131:
2118:
2114:in her piety
2112:
2101:
2084:
2032:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
1994:
1990:male griffin
1989:
1969:
1965:
1929:
1925:
1919:
1894:
1890:
1884:
1860:
1857:canting arms
1852:
1830:
1698:Frederick II
1694:canting arms
1665:
1661:
1657:
1655:
1585:
1560:
1557:
1547:
1536:fleur-de-lis
1517:
1513:cross potent
1477:cross moline
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1398:cross potent
1397:
1394:cross moline
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1367:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1262:
1253:
1244:
1236:
1232:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1209:
1203:
1085:
1079:
1072:
1066:
1057:
1051:
1036:
1027:
1023:
1016:
1012:
1005:
988:
982:inescutcheon
981:
975:
959:
956:
926:
921:
920:
915:
914:
912:
803:
795:
788:
780:
774:
767:
763:
757:
750:
743:
739:
726:
720:
711:
702:
693:
629:
625:
619:
612:
608:
602:
593:
585:
583:
487:
483:
479:
475:
473:
467:
461:
451:
444:
438:
429:
420:
413:
409:
405:
401:
395:
386:
378:
376:
361:
357:
353:
348:
347:
342:
341:
336:
335:
331:
329:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
283:(shadowed),
280:
278:
274:
266:charged with
265:
261:
249:
245:
237:
235:
230:
226:
216:
210:
202:
196:
138:Coat of arms
136:
128:
122:
116:
115:
108:
101:
94:
87:
80:
73:
66:
59:
52:
43:coat of arms
6467:Vexillology
6228:Rare metals
6208:(blood red)
5806:Winged lion
5786:Sea-griffin
5721:Hippocampus
5654:Allocamelus
5296:Fimbriation
5224:Compartment
5201:Achievement
5169:Marshalling
5135:distinction
4993:Law of arms
4978:Authorities
3496:Escarbuncle
3389:(as in the
3379:house marks
3314:Netherlands
3234:mural crown
3197:battlements
3168:Castle Rock
3082:Saint Peter
3046:escarbuncle
2941:Gustav Vasa
2695:(leaping),
2212:hippocampus
2202:, like the
2093:Freemasonry
1827:Human parts
1678:vexillology
1615:Arkhangelsk
1489:cross patée
1453:cross flory
1402:cross patée
1390:cross flory
1382:Latin cross
1378:Greek cross
1281:to sinister
476:diminutives
358:diminutives
252:(as on the
110:Compartment
54:Escutcheon
35:achievement
6522:Categories
6412:equestrian
6196:(mulberry)
5922:Harrington
5852:Quatrefoil
5781:Salamander
5726:Hippogriff
5684:Cockatrice
5664:Amphiptere
5636:Wolfsangel
5616:Portcullis
5528:Black swan
5482:Camelopard
5311:Ordinaries
5229:Escutcheon
5179:impalement
5174:quartering
5157:variations
5075:Attributed
5013:pursuivant
4861:2010-06-05
4804:2019-07-24
4296:2011-10-30
4198:2012-01-23
4173:2012-01-23
4147:2012-01-23
3860:References
3807:Waiblingen
3597:Portcullis
3460:Chess rook
3318:Saint Paul
3280:spur-revel
3276:spur-rowel
3225:chess-rook
3217:portcullis
3176:landscapes
3143:(known as
3141:field semé
3052:, and the
2961:eradicated
2886:cinquefoil
2882:quatrefoil
2735:(flying),
2699:(seated),
2656:(hooves),
2636:(tongue),
2620:An animal
2613:An animal
2608:full faced
2602:An animal
2591:An animal
2525:Fox's mask
2414:Salamander
2247:salamander
2065:Montenegro
2041:Holy Roman
2025:demi-eagle
2007:including
1879:See also:
1285:decrescent
1277:increscent
1241:Old French
1103:Escutcheon
977:escutcheon
754:Harington.
615:and so on.
488:chevronels
362:ordinaries
309:simplified
301:futuristic
212:escutcheon
22:Part of a
6505:resources
6450:socialist
6373:Hatchment
6368:Bookplate
6348:Carnation
6335:Realistic
6148:Erminites
5986:Tinctures
5937:Hinckaert
5902:Bourchier
5756:Ouroboros
5741:Manticore
5646:Legendary
5621:Reremouse
5558:Przepaska
5487:Hind/stag
5477:Dog/hound
5286:Attitudes
5263:Supporter
5191:Societies
5152:divisions
5101:abatement
4790:"Gallery"
4691:551247698
3788:See also
3408:Japanese
3340:royal orb
3160:Edinburgh
3149:snowflake
3117:crescents
2789:combatant
2713:displayed
2693:springing
2648:(penis),
2622:regardant
2597:contourny
2438:demi-lion
2424:Animals'
2399:Sea lion
2200:sea-horse
2160:seahorses
2156:sea lions
2148:moor cock
2144:game cock
2037:Byzantine
2033:displayed
2009:displayed
2005:positions
1895:displayed
1887:attitudes
1725:Human man
1662:blackmoor
1611:archangel
1579:dukes of
1273:to dexter
879:Flaunches
759:Flaunches
236:The term
68:Supporter
6528:Heraldry
6457:Logotype
6400:Illyrian
6282:BrunĂątre
6206:Sanguine
6143:Erminois
6111:(purple)
6004:Hatching
5999:Tricking
5962:Stafford
5862:Shamrock
5811:Woodwose
5791:Sea-lion
5761:Pantheon
5736:Lindworm
5679:Chollima
5674:Biscione
5669:Basilisk
5591:Crapaudy
5492:Kangaroo
5354:Componée
5348:ĆÄkawica
5244:pavilion
5239:Mantling
5118:courtesy
5113:Alliance
5041:dominion
5036:National
4967:Heraldry
4774:02020303
4745:88023554
4718:81670212
4615:09023803
4586:26005078
4557:04024470
4531:(2003).
4430:page XXV
4281:(2004).
3678:See also
3448:Caduceus
3362:colleges
3350:, Latin
3294:coronets
3172:Volcanos
3122:Estoiles
3022:Cannabis
2929:cannabis
2902:trillium
2871:Scotland
2781:segreant
2769:glissant
2765:addorsed
2757:hauriant
2749:vigilant
2701:couchant
2681:trippant
2615:guardant
2604:affronté
2573:attitude
2500:cabossed
2467:affronté
2453:caboched
2449:caboshed
2445:cabossed
2386:segreant
2384:Griffin
2251:Napoleon
2242:lindworm
2220:sea-wolf
2208:seahorse
2196:sea-lion
2184:escallop
2170:, e.g.:
2099:degree.
2045:Austrian
1861:coglioni
1853:da Costa
1841:Milesian
1773:Biscione
1690:Crusades
1686:Sardinia
1607:seraphim
1603:cherubim
1577:Visconti
1573:biscione
1561:affronté
1520:crescent
1412:and the
1336:Hexagram
1324:Estoiles
1264:crescent
1199:Annulets
1187:Fountain
1088:a ring).
1068:fountain
999:diamonds
943:monsters
929:include
764:flanches
722:tressure
414:sinister
305:stylized
289:outlined
285:detailed
281:umbrated
218:ordinary
199:heraldry
89:Mantling
32:Heraldic
6433:Related
6301:Cendrée
6284:(brown)
6138:Ermines
6109:Purpure
6099:(green)
6075:(black)
6048:Colours
6028:(white)
5932:Heneage
5874:Thistle
5867:Trefoil
5801:Unicorn
5776:Phoenix
5771:Pegasus
5766:Panther
5751:Musimon
5746:Mermaid
5731:Lampago
5701:Enfield
5694:Chinese
5631:Serpent
5626:Scallop
5596:Dolphin
5570:Pelican
5565:Martlet
5553:Szaszor
5523:Alerion
5497:Leopard
5472:Bull/ox
5446:Saltire
5434:Roundel
5409:Lozenge
5379:Flaunch
5344:Chevron
5334:Bordure
5319:Annulet
5291:Erasure
5278:Charges
5142:Canting
5130:Cadency
5091:Armiger
5065:Burgher
5018:private
4988:History
4908:24 July
4498:6102523
3558:Lymphad
3399:trumpet
3342:, or a
3246:anchors
3242:lymphad
3147:). The
2957:fructed
2898:canting
2890:slipped
2878:trefoil
2867:thistle
2829:fructed
2761:urinant
2737:statant
2725:rousant
2709:dormant
2689:salient
2685:statant
2677:passant
2669:rampant
2654:unguled
2650:attired
2645:pizzled
2634:langued
2581:passant
2577:rampant
2401:crowned
2372:Unicorn
2286:passant
2271:rampant
2216:sea-dog
2214:.) The
2204:mermaid
2188:scallop
2176:dolphin
2136:rooster
2128:peacock
2108:cadency
2104:martlet
2073:Romania
2061:Germany
2057:Austria
2053:Albania
2049:Russian
2017:passant
2013:statant
1986:griffin
1982:unicorn
1970:Bengal
1930:léopard
1913:of the
1891:rampant
1875:Animals
1845:Antwerp
1682:Corsica
1651:Croatia
1595:canting
1565:Dalziel
1532:annulet
1528:martlet
1237:estoile
1233:estoile
1163:Billets
1139:Mascles
1115:Lozenge
1081:annulet
1053:roundel
995:rhombus
990:lozenge
935:animals
819:Quarter
785:cadency
695:quarter
645:Bordure
595:bordure
574:Saltire
550:Chevron
486:), and
463:saltire
440:chevron
330:Unlike
270:chevron
262:divided
231:meubles
6445:Emblem
6419:Tabard
6343:Proper
6322:
6317:Orange
6314:
6306:
6298:
6290:
6288:
6280:
6278:
6270:
6267:
6246:
6244:
6239:Copper
6236:
6215:
6212:
6203:
6200:
6194:Murrey
6191:
6188:
6181:Stains
6170:Potent
6133:Ermine
6106:
6103:
6094:
6091:
6087:(blue)
6082:
6079:
6070:
6067:
6058:
6055:
6040:(gold)
6035:
6032:
6026:Argent
6023:
6020:
6013:Metals
5879:Turnip
5830:Plants
5816:Wyvern
5706:Garuda
5689:Dragon
5659:Alphyn
5455:Beasts
5439:Bezant
5394:Hamade
5384:Goutte
5339:Canton
5256:slogan
5234:Helmet
5125:Blazon
5084:Topics
5008:herald
4772:
4762:
4743:
4733:
4716:
4706:
4689:
4668:
4645:
4613:
4603:
4584:
4574:
4555:
4545:
4517:
4496:
3570:Maunch
3508:Fasces
3424:Anchor
3401:. The
3370:Gospel
3352:mundus
3322:London
3308:. The
3290:Crowns
3284:mullet
3262:Tippet
3257:maunch
3230:church
3213:castle
3145:goutté
3136:goutte
3131:Clouds
3086:papacy
3070:mayors
3058:fasces
3050:fasces
3048:, the
3010:"Vasa"
2935:, and
2925:Barley
2906:protea
2894:fraise
2863:seeded
2859:barbed
2853:. The
2825:grapes
2821:Apples
2805:turnip
2799:Plants
2775:(as a
2753:naiant
2745:naiant
2733:volant
2721:rising
2705:lodged
2697:sejant
2658:crined
2639:vilené
2554:couped
2539:erased
2475:erased
2471:couped
2462:erased
2457:couped
2447:(also
2434:attire
2347:naiant
2331:gorged
2316:argent
2314:Eagle
2236:wyvern
2231:dragon
2224:beaver
2194:. The
2182:. The
2081:Serbia
2079:, and
2077:Russia
2069:Poland
2023:. The
2021:rising
1960:, and
1903:Aeneas
1785:Knight
1635:Christ
1617:. The
1599:Angels
1597:role.
1569:saints
1524:mullet
1408:, the
1406:formée
1400:, the
1396:, the
1392:, the
1388:, the
1300:Mullet
1245:Ă©toile
1211:mullet
1151:Rustre
1059:bezant
1037:billet
1024:rustre
1013:mascle
968:badges
964:crests
947:plants
831:Canton
781:points
768:flasks
704:canton
626:pairle
457:below.
334:, the
293:shaded
238:charge
227:piĂšces
223:blazon
209:of an
203:charge
130:slogan
117:Charge
96:Helmet
24:series
6390:Badge
6309:Ochre
6218:Tenné
6085:Azure
6073:Sable
6063:(red)
6061:Gules
5957:Savoy
5917:Dacre
5907:Bowen
5894:Knots
5796:Tyger
5716:Harpy
5601:Emmet
5579:Other
5548:Eagle
5516:Birds
5404:Label
5389:Gyron
5369:Chief
5359:Cross
5301:Lines
5268:Torse
5251:Motto
5219:Crest
5164:Fraud
5147:Field
5070:Women
5058:papal
5046:civic
5029:Types
4286:(PDF)
4138:"Man"
3705:Notes
3672:Wheel
3648:Sword
3582:Moon
3484:Crown
3383:runes
3374:Bible
3358:Books
3348:monde
3344:mound
3310:sword
3302:mitre
3272:Spurs
3238:Ships
3192:tower
3166:atop
3156:mount
3127:stars
2955:Tree
2933:maize
2809:wheat
2773:nowed
2741:close
2630:armed
2426:heads
2329:Swan
2299:Lion
2284:Lion
2269:Lion
1997:eagle
1972:tiger
1966:tiger
1950:horse
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