1234:
783:
47:
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1503:'Alcoa has two bauxite mines operating in the Darling Range in Western Australia: Huntly, which has been operating since the early 1970s and is the world's biggest bauxite mine, producing 20 million tonnes per annum; and Willowdale, established in 1984 and currently supplying 8.5 million tonnes per annum to Alcoa's Wagerup alumina refinery. source:
626:. The scarp forms a divide between the hypersaline groundwaters typical of the Yilgarn Craton basement from the fresh ground waters of the Perth Basin. Some dams along the scarp are contaminated by seepage of saline water from the granite into the base of the dam's water column and must be periodically flushed to preserve water quality.
228:
Range"; this later became
Darling Range, a name by which the formation was still commonly known in the late 20th century despite common understanding of it being an escarpment. There is also a tendency to identify the locations on or to the east of the scarp as being in the
1029:
affecting jarrah timber in particular infected large tracts of the forest. Currently only the restriction of vehicle access has proved effective in slowing the spread of this disease. This gained greater acceptance and publicity through the decision to allow
201:
Southwest
Western Australia from space. The dark green is dense vegetation on and above the scarp, which has been retained for forest reserve and water catchment purposes. The sharp vegetation boundary on the coastal side coincides with the edge of the
1041:
for at least 100 years created significant issues for the forest as well. As a result of this fire intensity the
Government increased the volume of controlled burns along the entire escarpment to reduce the buildup of flammable materials.
400:
caused by rolling winds on the
Darling Scarp. In addition, orographic uplift is produced when rain clouds move over the hills, giving higher rainfalls in settlements in the ranges compared with their coastal neighbours.
366:
The Scarp, like the rest of south west
Australia, has a Mediterranean climate, with mild rainy winters and warm dry summers. Average annual rainfall is 1300 mm along the scarp, declining to the east and north.
1087:
Following a change in 2005, the separate parks have been known as the "Parks of the
Darling Range", and take up 23,948 hectares on the scarp. Further in August 2008 the parks were given indigenous names:
1704:
634:
Also in the early to mid-twentieth century numerous rock quarries existed on the edge of the escarpment - visible and affecting both the aesthetics and the environment of the escarpment.
776:
The lengthy process of protest forced the government and miners to check their original proposals, and wide-ranging processes to guard segments of the jarrah forests from mining ensued.
557:
In the early twentieth century, most of the main rivers flowing off the escarpment had mainly been used for dams for water supply for metropolitan Perth. The dams on the scarp include:
1442:
Darling Range Study Group & Benson, W. D (1982). Land use in the
Darling Range, Western Australia : a report to the Premier of Western Australia The Group], Perth, W.A
1004:
The suburbs to the south of
Kalamunda are the locations of the main Perth Metropolitan television station transmission towers. There is also another site at Mount Lennard near
1269:(1833). "Journal of the Proceedings of a party of Officers and men, for the purpose of crossing the Darling Range of Mountains, under the orders of Lieutenant Preston, R.N.".
645:, there are still four quarries evident, despite being unused as quarries for fifty years or more. Mountain and Stathams quarries are now managed as rock climbing locations.
305:, but the scarp has since eroded about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) eastwards. The original location of the scarp is indicated in places by an unusual landform known as the
1418:
1714:
1266:
751:
Legislative restrictions upon such developments were initiated in the late twentieth century to prevent further visible scars on the western face of the scarp.
1709:
1505:
1639:
The
Darling Scarp : a natural entity: proceedings of symposium held at the Geography Department of the University of Western Australia, November 1969
283:
1270:
1389:
1478:
1452:
1069:
A network of reserves of crown lands on the escarpment have been connected into a regional park to maintain and conserve parts of the escarpment.
1694:
Swan View, W.A : L & S Drafting in association with the Shire of Swan and the
Western Australian Light Railway Preservation Association.
1672:
Myers JS (1992) Pinjarra Orogen, in Geology and Mineral Resources of Western Australia: Western Australia Geological Survey, Memoir 3, 77-119.
859:
The localities or suburbs on the "edge" of the scarp are those that sit at its western edge, and in most cases command excellent views of the
1482:
1456:
1354:
381:
Also, in traditionally hot summers, strong easterly winds travelling across the scarp have presented serious issues for planes using the
1034:
to operate along services roads provided that the vehicles had a thorough wash including the under carriage at the end of each stage.
847:
1677:
Jarrah forest or bauxite dollars? : a critique of bauxite mine rehabilitation in the jarrah forests of southwestern Australia
1719:
1734:
1327:
1303:
1563:
1072:
In most cases the reserves or parks had individual names prior to being incorporated into the larger park, for example the
211:
323:
of the Yilgarn Craton form the high ground of the Perth Hills and can be observed in road cuts, with good examples in the
800:
850:
timber lines operating south to Yarloop, north through Jarrahdale up to Jarrahglen east of Byford and the Chandler mill.
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The building and developing of rail access across the scarp developed three separate main routes over eighty years.
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railways and timber mills and the supporting communities existed along the escarpment because of the high quality
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1176:
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770:
1390:"specifically stated as "Significant turbulence is caused by the passage of easterly winds over the escarpment""
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732:, Bedfordale Hill, shale scar visible from 20th century quarrying, with an underground rail bypassing the
1692:
The Railway History Of Midland Junction : Commemorating The Centenary Of Midland Junction, 1895-1995
896:
889:
840:
760:
741:
293:
to the west. The Darling Fault is exposed for over 1,000 kilometres (620 mi), from the area east of
182:
1355:
https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/images/documents/about/science/projects/waaudit/jarrah_forest01_p369-381.pdf
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1050:
1009:
991:
969:
877:
819:
166:
1349:
Williams, Kim and David Mitchell (2001)"Jarrah Forest 1 ( JF1 – Northern Jarrah Forest subregion)" in
1296:
Water movement through preferred paths in lateritic profiles of the Darling Plateau, Western Australia
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1005:
906:
901:
779:
The current mining activity in the region is extensive - the main mines being Huntly and Willowdale.
298:
207:
1564:"including a press release no longer available - regarding the component reserves within the parks"
1225:
1081:
1073:
1046:
661:
1353:, The Department of Conservation and Land Management, September 2001. Accessed 10 May 2022. url =
1611:
A brief history of the Darling Range : for the Department of Planning and Urban Development.
1532:
Over the range:railways across the Darling range of Western Australia:Midland to Northam and York
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964:
709:
510:
494:
174:
79:
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Gozzard, J. R. (John Robert); Geological Survey of Western Australia; Gossard, J. R (2007),
765:
In the late twentieth century, the proving of bauxite deposits correlating to the extensive
1097:
807:
through Greenmount (where three of the above quarries were later able to use the railway).
607:
The only free flowing water from the Darling Range in the Peel Region is the Dirk Brook in
546:
434:
418:
271:
The Darling Scarp originated as the local expression, in the Perth area, of the extensive
8:
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1111:
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715:
580:
426:
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because of the alignment of the runways. On 2 September 1999, the number one engine of a
344:
312:
The Darling Plateau is covered by lateritic materials that cover the underlying geology.
124:
1648:
Perth, W.A. : The Dept., Darling Range Regional Park supplementary report; no. 2.
860:
642:
623:
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450:
375:
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112:
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Perth, W.A. : The Dept. Darling Range Regional Park supplementary report; no. 4.
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46:
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1411:"Aviation Safety Investigation Report 199904384 – Boeing Co 747-238B, VH-EBS"
1366:
1351:
A Biodiversity Audit of Western Australia’s 53 Biogeographical Subregions in 2002
1294:
Johnston, C. D. (Colin Douglas); CSIRO. Division of Groundwater Research (1983),
1031:
657:
396:
coming into land on Runway 06/24, struck the runway surface upon landing, due to
302:
561:
393:
351:
327:
area. The only exposed sediments of the Perth Basin, west of the fault, are of
324:
279:
237:
301:. The location of the scarp must once have coincided with the location of the
1728:
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1367:"Fire Danger is identified in this page for "Coastal Plain" and for "Hills""
1053:
were repeatedly burnt by bushfires - in most cases through suspected arson.
173:. The adjacent Darling Plateau goes easterly to include Mount Bakewell near
638:
565:
339:
and dune sand on which the city of Perth is built, including sand dunes of
374:
identifies different weather for "the hills" in comparison to that of the
1130:
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596:
340:
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287:
230:
65:
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ran up the southern steep side of the Helena Valley entrance until 1949.
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Department of Planning and Urban Development, Western Australia.(1993)
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saw wide-ranging protests against the proposals to mine the forests.
332:
294:
866:
The suburbs near Midland and Kalamunda are often referred to as the
247:
occurred in the 1830s. The best known of these is the expedition of
1084:, or were simply known as State Forests (e.g. State Forest No.42).
1065:
Darling scarp from South West Highway between Armadale and Pinjarra
534:
518:
478:
328:
129:
1102:
Midgegoroo National Park (formerly known as Canning National Park)
1705:
Engineering Geology of the Precambrian Rocks of the Darling Scarp
622:
present in the Perth Basin sediments, most notably the Southwest
619:
538:
462:
350:
This area is also a distinct physiographic section of the larger
316:
276:
240:
1117:
Wooroloo Regional Park (formerly known as Chidlow Regional Park)
413:
bioregion. The natural vegetation of the scarp is predominantly
197:
542:
530:
502:
486:
470:
386:
320:
72:
1641:
Perth, W.A.: Nature Conservation Council of Western Australia,
680:, shale scar visible from early 20th century to WW2 quarrying.
275:, a major and ancient geological discontinuity separating the
158:
674:), south of Greenmount Hill, which ceased operation in 1963.
618:
The scarp also defines the easternmost limit of the various
1679:
Perth, W.A. : Campaign to Save Native Forests (W.A.).
206:
The feature was first recorded as General Darling Range by
51:
Darling Scarp as viewed from Sullivan Rock (September 2022)
740:
There have also been visible quarries on the scarp in the
1536:
W.A. Australian Railway Historical Society, W.A. Division
1272:
Journals of Several Expeditions Made in Western Australia
803:
first traversed the Darling Scarp in the 1880s along its
712:
localities border, operated from the 1900s to the 1930s.
1660:
Jarrahdalians : the story of the Jarrahdale Mine
460:
Heath is found on granite outcrops. Low woodlands of
297:, to the southern coast of Western Australia east of
1215:
529:
The Darling escarpment has been exploited for stone
1037:In late 2004, the largest bushfire in the northern
1204:, with an elevation of 546 metres (1,791 ft)
1164:, with an elevation of 582 metres (1,909 ft)
1108:(formerly known as Kelmscott-Martin Regional Park)
1625:White gold : the story of Alcoa of Australia
999:
457:) is endemic to the western slopes of the scarp.
331:age, and are composed of materials such as sandy
1726:
1658:Murphy, Mike.(1998) ( Coles, Helena - editor)
1627:St. Leonards, N.S.W. : Allen & Unwin.
1056:
354:province, which in turn is part of the larger
1419:Department of Transport and Regional Services
854:
251:, who appears to have gone from a point near
224:Maps from the 1830s show the scarp labelled "
1548:What's in a name? Parks of the Darling Range
1008:that Services the Southwest areas including
165:. The escarpment extends generally north of
1646:The Natural resources of the Darling Ranges
1114:(formerly known as Kalamunda Regional Park)
1506:"Jarrahdale, Huntly, and Willowdale Mines"
1345:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1333:pages 11–14 specifically about the plateau
1322:, Geological Survey of Western Australia,
1320:Geology and landforms of the Perth region
1060:
781:
196:
1336:
153:running north–south to the east of the
14:
1727:
773:was one group to oppose the activity.
730:Armadale brickworks (State Brickworks)
27:Scarp east of Perth, Western Australia
1265:
1662:Booragoon, W.A. Alcoa of Australia.
1387:
1025:Also in the late twentieth century,
678:Byford brickworks (State Brickworks)
1588:. Roleybushcare.com. 7 October 2008
1020:
210:, Government Botanist with Captain
24:
1415:Australian Transport Safety Bureau
404:
25:
1756:
1698:
1566:. Roleybushcare.com. 23 June 2009
1275:. London: J. Cross. pp. 6–14
1124:
786:Darling scarp from Serpentine Dam
754:
1455:. 15 August 2005. Archived from
1232:
1218:
629:
45:
1578:
1556:
1540:
1524:
1497:
1471:
1015:
829:used easier grades through the
771:Campaign to Save Native Forests
641:emerges from its valley to the
574:and Pipehead (Serpentine River)
1481:. 20 July 2008. Archived from
1445:
1436:
1403:
1381:
1359:
1311:
1287:
1259:
1000:Television transmission towers
593:(on the two Dandalup branches)
499:Phascogale tapoatafa wambenger
13:
1:
1603:
1553:Volume 24 number 2, pp.40-46.
694:'s Mole Reconstruction Quarry
652:(1850s name), later known as
491:Bettongia penicillata ogilbyi
282:in the east from the younger
1735:Geology of Western Australia
1720:Darling Scarp Walk, bushwalk
1710:Hydrology of the Perth Basin
7:
1546:Mitchell, Samille (2008-9)
1211:
1057:Darling Range Regional Park
841:Upper Darling Range Railway
790:
761:Bauxite mining in Australia
524:
469:Native mammals include the
233:" (or simply "The Hills").
183:Governor of New South Wales
10:
1761:
1623:Blainey, Geoffrey.(1997)
1586:"Midgegoroo National Park"
1078:John Forrest National Park
1051:John Forrest National Park
855:Perth suburbs on the scarp
820:John Forrest National Park
758:
517:) are often restricted to
515:Pseudocheirus occidentalis
361:
266:
236:The earliest traverses by
192:
177:and Mount Saddleback near
141:, also referred to as the
77:582 m (1,909 ft)
696:, and later known as the
409:The scarp is part of the
181:. It was named after the
123:
111:
106:
98:
90:
85:
71:
61:
56:
44:
39:
34:
1715:Serpentine National Park
1253:
1226:Western Australia portal
1082:Greenmount National Park
1074:Serpentine National Park
1047:Greenmount National Park
722:at northern edge of the
702:Hudman Road Amphitheatre
662:Greenmount National Park
259:Hill and up through the
1690:Watson, Lindsay (1995)
1423:Government of Australia
670:(now usually signed as
552:
511:western ringtail possum
495:brush-tailed phascogale
451:Darling Range ghost gum
255:, to the south side of
1740:Physiographic sections
1106:Banyowla Regional Park
1066:
787:
637:In the area where the
449:) in the valleys. The
356:West Australian Shield
343:age formed during the
203:
1675:Schur, Basil. (1985)
1120:Wungong Regional Park
1064:
785:
736:to transport the ore.
734:South Western Highway
656:(1850s to 1920s), at
466:grow on sand sheets.
372:Bureau of Meteorology
200:
185:, Lieutenant-General
1609:Bean, Alison.(1993)
1098:Korung National Park
1045:In the early 2000s,
660:on the west side of
439:Eucalyptus megacarpa
423:Eucalyptus marginata
1530:Higham, G.J.(1968)
1248:List of escarpments
1188: /
1148: /
1112:Mundy Regional Park
1093:Beelu National Park
698:Public Works Quarry
581:Churchman Brook Dam
541:mining. Extensive
475:Isoodon fusciventer
431:Corymbia calophylla
417:, characterised by
415:jarrah–marri forest
345:last glacial period
1192:32.133°S 116.300°E
1173: –
1152:32.417°S 116.300°E
1133: –
1067:
861:Swan Coastal Plain
825:In the 1960s, the
810:By the 1890s, the
788:
624:Yarragadee Aquifer
591:South Dandalup Dam
586:North Dandalup Dam
507:Setonix brachyurus
483:Dasyurus geoffroii
455:Eucalyptus laeliae
376:Swan Coastal Plain
249:Ensign Robert Dale
204:
169:, to the south of
155:Swan Coastal Plain
57:Highest point
1485:on 5 October 2009
1459:on 5 October 2009
1388:McMillan, David.
1329:978-1-74168-072-0
1305:978-0-643-03496-9
997:
996:
837:Kalamunda Zig Zag
724:Kalamunda Zig Zag
685:Fremantle Harbour
654:Greenmount Quarry
447:Eucalyptus patens
245:Swan River Colony
163:Western Australia
135:
134:
102:Western Australia
16:(Redirected from
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1021:Dieback and fire
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816:Swan View Tunnel
716:Statham's Quarry
650:Bluestone quarry
392:, en route from
307:Ridge Hill Shelf
226:General Darlings
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1512:on 2 March 2014
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987:Pickering Brook
919:Gooseberry Hill
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814:passed through
801:Eastern Railway
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720:Gooseberry Hill
668:Mountain Quarry
658:Greenmount Hill
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405:Flora and fauna
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284:Pinjarra Orogen
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221:in March 1827.
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286:and overlying
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1685:0-9597449-7-5
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1669:
1668:0-646-36670-X
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1655:
1654:0-7309-5302-5
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1633:1-86448-355-5
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1619:0-7309-5304-1
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1267:Cross, Joseph
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1039:Jarrah Forest
1035:
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982:Helena Valley
980:
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630:Rock quarries
627:
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621:
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601:Canning River
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411:Jarrah Forest
402:
399:
395:
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383:Perth Airport
379:
377:
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368:
359:
357:
353:
352:Yilgarn Block
348:
346:
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334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
315:The Archaean
313:
310:
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296:
292:
289:
285:
281:
278:
274:
273:Darling Fault
264:
262:
261:Helena Valley
258:
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199:
190:
188:
187:Ralph Darling
184:
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156:
152:
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144:
143:Darling Range
140:
139:Darling Scarp
131:
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119:
118:Darling Fault
116:
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64:
60:
55:
48:
43:
40:Darling Range
38:
35:Darling Scarp
33:
30:
19:
18:Darling Range
1691:
1676:
1659:
1645:
1638:
1624:
1610:
1590:. Retrieved
1580:
1568:. Retrieved
1558:
1550:
1547:
1542:
1534:Bassendean,
1531:
1526:
1514:. Retrieved
1510:the original
1499:
1487:. Retrieved
1483:the original
1473:
1461:. Retrieved
1457:the original
1447:
1438:
1426:. Retrieved
1405:
1395:14 September
1393:. Retrieved
1383:
1371:. Retrieved
1369:. Bom.gov.au
1361:
1350:
1319:
1313:
1295:
1289:
1277:. Retrieved
1271:
1261:
1086:
1071:
1068:
1044:
1036:
1024:
1016:Conservation
1003:
865:
858:
826:
812:second route
811:
804:
794:
778:
775:
764:
750:
739:
729:
701:
697:
690:
689:(sometimes,
687:Works Quarry
683:
677:
671:
667:
653:
649:
639:Helena River
636:
633:
617:
613:Murray River
606:
566:Helena River
556:
528:
514:
506:
498:
490:
482:
474:
468:
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459:
454:
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422:
408:
380:
369:
365:
349:
314:
311:
270:
235:
223:
217:
205:
146:
142:
138:
136:
29:
1279:28 February
1195: /
1155: /
1131:Mount Cooke
941:Karragullen
868:Perth Hills
831:Avon Valley
827:third route
805:first route
704:at edge of
672:Boya Quarry
597:Canning Dam
577:Wungong Dam
341:Pleistocene
291:Perth Basin
288:Phanerozoic
231:Perth Hills
149:, is a low
125:Age of rock
66:Mount Cooke
1729:Categories
1604:References
1171:Mount Dale
975:Jarrahdale
958:Bedfordale
948:Darlington
931:Greenmount
924:Roleystone
759:See also:
746:Herne Hill
726:formation.
706:Darlington
398:wind shear
390:Boeing 747
370:Often the
358:division.
337:travertine
257:Greenmount
179:Boddington
151:escarpment
1551:Landscope
1298:, CSIRO,
953:Walliston
936:Lesmurdie
914:Swan View
884:Kalamunda
643:sandplain
609:Keysbrook
549:forests.
443:blackbutt
333:limestone
295:Shark Bay
253:Guildford
216:HMS
171:Pemberton
113:Formed by
94:Australia
86:Geography
73:Elevation
1212:See also
1183:116°18′E
1143:116°18′E
1080:and the
897:Stratton
890:Armadale
791:Railways
742:Gosnells
620:aquifers
611:and the
599:(on the
564:(on the
535:forestry
531:quarries
525:Land use
519:riparian
479:chuditch
433:), with
329:Cenozoic
321:gneisses
317:granites
277:Archaean
241:settlers
130:Cenozoic
1592:14 June
1570:14 June
1516:5 April
1489:14 June
1463:14 June
1373:14 June
1180:32°08′S
1140:32°25′S
1027:dieback
1010:Bunbury
992:Wungong
970:Bickley
878:Midland
848:Millars
748:areas.
700:), now
539:bauxite
521:areas.
493:), and
463:Banksia
435:bullich
362:Climate
267:Geology
243:in the
238:British
218:Success
214:aboard
193:History
167:Bindoon
107:Geology
91:Country
1687:(pbk.)
1683:
1666:
1652:
1637:(1970)
1631:
1617:
1428:9 June
1326:
1302:
1006:Collie
907:Martin
902:Carmel
547:jarrah
543:timber
509:) and
503:Quokka
487:woylie
471:quenda
441:) and
425:) and
419:jarrah
387:Qantas
299:Albany
202:scarp.
1254:Notes
888:Near
882:Near
876:Near
427:marri
303:fault
159:Perth
99:State
1681:ISBN
1664:ISBN
1650:ISBN
1629:ISBN
1615:ISBN
1594:2010
1572:2010
1518:2014
1491:2010
1465:2010
1430:2023
1397:2016
1375:2010
1324:ISBN
1300:ISBN
1281:2009
1049:and
965:Boya
846:The
835:The
818:and
799:The
744:and
710:Boya
553:Dams
537:and
319:and
175:York
157:and
137:The
62:Peak
1206:AHD
1166:AHD
839:or
718:at
501:).
485:),
477:),
145:or
80:AHD
1731::
1421:,
1417:,
1413:.
1338:^
1076:,
1012:.
870:.
863::
708:-
615:.
533:,
378:.
347:.
335:,
309:.
263:.
189:.
161:,
1596:.
1574:.
1520:.
1493:.
1467:.
1432:.
1399:.
1377:.
1283:.
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664:.
603:)
568:)
513:(
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489:(
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229:"
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
