6826:
6112:
570:
3344:), which have different chemical behaviors. This makes it fairly easy for I to enter the biosphere as it becomes incorporated into vegetation, soil, milk, animal tissue, etc. Excesses of stable Xe in meteorites have been shown to result from decay of "primordial" iodine-129 produced newly by the supernovas that created the dust and gas from which the solar system formed. This isotope has long decayed and is thus referred to as "extinct". Historically, I was the first
3375:
3333:, and is produced by cosmogenic, thermonuclear, and in-situ reactions. In hydrologic studies, I concentrations are usually reported as the ratio of I to total I (which is virtually all I). As is the case with Cl/Cl, I/I ratios in nature are quite small, 10 to 10 (peak thermonuclear I/I during the 1960s and 1970s reached about 10). I differs from Cl in that its half-life is longer (15.7 vs. 0.301 million years), it is highly biophilic, and occurs in multiple
3640:
effects of nuclear fallout might be prevented in this way, since an excess of thyroid cancers, presumably due to radioiodine uptake, is the only proven radioisotope contamination effect after a fission accident, or from contamination by fallout from an atomic bomb (prompt radiation from the bomb also causes other cancers, such as leukemias, directly). Taking large amounts of iodide saturates thyroid receptors and prevents uptake of most radioactive
3007:
35:
6518:
5718:
3221:. When I is used therapeutically, it is encapsulated in titanium seeds and implanted in the area of the tumor, where it remains. The low energy of the gamma spectrum in this case limits radiation damage to tissues far from the implanted capsule. Iodine-125, due to its suitable longer half-life and less penetrating gamma spectrum, is also often preferred for laboratory tests that rely on iodine as a tracer that is counted by a
3528:
3389:, with radiation from radioiodine in the MIBG. Two images are seen of the same patient from front and back. Note the dark image of the thyroid due to unwanted uptake of radioiodine from the medication by the thyroid gland in the neck. Accumulation at the sides of the head is from salivary gland uptake of iodide. Radioactivity is also seen in the bladder.
3317:
fission, both in subsurface rocks and nuclear reactors. Artificial nuclear processes, in particular nuclear fuel reprocessing and atmospheric nuclear weapons tests, have now swamped the natural signal for this isotope. Nevertheless, it now serves as a groundwater tracer as indicator of nuclear waste
3126:
Due to preferential uptake of iodine by the thyroid, radioiodine is extensively used in imaging of and, in the case of I, destroying dysfunctional thyroid tissues. Other types of tissue selectively take up certain iodine-131-containing tissue-targeting and killing radiopharmaceutical agents (such as
3122:
Of the many isotopes of iodine, only two are typically used in a medical setting: iodine-123 and iodine-131. Since I has both a beta and gamma decay mode, it can be used for radiotherapy or for imaging. I, which has no beta activity, is more suited for routine nuclear medicine imaging of the thyroid
3644:
that may be present from fission product exposure (although it does not protect from other radioisotopes, nor from any other form of direct radiation). The protective effect of KI lasts approximately 24 hours, so must be dosed daily until a risk of significant exposure to radioiodines from fission
3639:
odide in water, has been used to block absorption of the radioiodine (it has no effect on other radioisotopes from fission). Tablets containing potassium iodide are now also manufactured and stocked in central disaster sites by some governments for this purpose. In theory, many harmful late-cancer
3604:
to investigate clotting. These compounds contain iodine, but not in the iodide form. However, since they may be ultimately metabolized or break down to radioactive iodide, it is common to administer non-radioactive potassium iodide to insure that metabolites of these radiopharmaceuticals is not
3584:
Colloquially, radioactive materials can be described as "hot," and non-radioactive materials can be described as "cold." There are instances in which cold iodide is administered to people in order to prevent the uptake of hot iodide by the thyroid gland. For example, blockade of thyroid iodine
3501:
Iodine fission-produced isotopes not discussed above (iodine-128, iodine-130, iodine-132, and iodine-133) have half-lives of several hours or minutes, rendering them almost useless in other applicable areas. Those mentioned are neutron-rich and undergo beta decay to isotopes of xenon. Iodine-128
3436:
The I is taken up into thyroid tissue and concentrated there. The beta particles emitted by the radioisotope destroys the associated thyroid tissue with little damage to surrounding tissues (more than 2.0 mm from the tissues absorbing the iodine). Due to similar destruction, I is the iodine
3193:
Excited Te resulting from electron capture of I also emits a much lower-energy internal conversion electron (35.5 keV), which does relatively little damage due to its low energy, even though its emission is more common. The relatively low-energy gamma from I/Te decay is poorly suited for
3205:
after their decay, but these do not cause serious damage (double-stranded DNA breaks) in cells, unless the nuclide is incorporated into a medication that accumulates in the nucleus, or into DNA (this is never the case is clinical medicine, but it has been seen in experimental animal models).
3448:
The high energy beta radiation (up to 606 keV) from I causes it to be the most carcinogenic of the iodine isotopes. It is thought to cause the majority of excess thyroid cancers seen after nuclear fission contamination (such as bomb fallout or severe nuclear reactor accidents like the
507:
All other iodine radioisotopes have half-lives less than 60 days, and four of these are used as tracers and therapeutic agents in medicine. These are I, I, I, and I. All industrial production of radioactive iodine isotopes involves these four useful radionuclides.
3428:
in 1941, is to destroy thyroid tissue that could not be removed surgically. In this procedure, I is administered either intravenously or orally following a diagnostic scan. This procedure may also be used, with higher doses of radio-iodine, to treat patients with
3415:
isotope with a half-life of eight days, and comparatively energetic (190 keV average and 606 keV maximum energy) beta radiation, which penetrates 0.6 to 2.0 mm from the site of uptake. This beta radiation can be used for the destruction of
3190:) about 13% of the time, but this does little cellular damage due to the nuclide's short half-life and the relatively small fraction of such events. In the remainder of cases, a 159 keV gamma ray is emitted, which is well-suited for gamma imaging.
3181:
nuclides Te and Te (which are of higher energy, and are not produced from radioiodine). Instead, the excited tellurium nuclides decay immediately (half-life too short to detect). Following EC, the excited Te from I emits a high-speed 127 keV
542:. Due to its volatility, short half-life, and high abundance in fission products, I (along with the short-lived iodine isotope I, which is produced from the decay of Te with a half-life of 3 days) is responsible for the largest part of
3645:
products no longer exists. Iodine-131 (the most common radioiodine contaminant in fallout) also decays relatively rapidly with a half-life of eight days, so that 99.95% of the original radioiodine has vanished after three months.
3252:
Iodine-124 is a proton-rich isotope of iodine with a half-life of 4.18 days. Its modes of decay are: 74.4% electron capture, 25.6% positron emission. I decays to Te. Iodine-124 can be made by numerous nuclear reactions via a
3817:
Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04).
3453:) However, these epidemiological effects are seen primarily in children, and treatment of adults and children with therapeutic I, and epidemiology of adults exposed to low-dose I has not demonstrated carcinogenicity.
504:—one that is found in nature only as a single nuclide. Most I derived radioactivity on Earth is man-made, an unwanted long-lived byproduct of early nuclear tests and nuclear fission accidents.
577:, at the site. Note the prominence of radiation from I-131 and Te-132/I-132 for the first week. (Image using data from the OECD report, and the second edition of 'The radiochemical manual'.)
3272:. In this use, the nuclide is chemically bonded to a pharmaceutical to form a positron-emitting radiopharmaceutical, and injected into the body, where again it is imaged by PET scan.
2819:# – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
3123:
and other medical processes and less damaging internally to the patient. There are some situations in which iodine-124 and iodine-125 are also used in medicine.
3803:
2833:# – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
4293:
3195:
456:
3878:
Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. (2021). "The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references*".
3489:
from accumulated iodine-135 can temporarily preclude a shut-down reactor from restarting. This is known as xenon poisoning or "falling into an
2986:
Produced as a decay product of Te in nuclear reactors, in turn decays to Xe, which, if allowed to build up, can shut down reactors due to the
3967:"Radiotoxicity of Some Iodine-123, Iodine-125, and Iodine-131-Labeled Compounds in Mouse Testes: Implications for Radiopharmaceutical Design"
3157:
isotopes iodine-123 (half-life 13 hours), and (less commonly) the longer-lived and less energetic iodine-125 (half-life 59 days) are used as
4220:
3318:
dispersion into the natural environment. In a similar fashion, I was used in rainwater studies to track fission products following the
3194:
imaging, but can still be seen, and this longer-lived isotope is necessary in tests that require several days of imaging, for example,
3071:
99:
4196:
3043:
500:
sources of I produce very tiny quantities of it that are too small to affect atomic weight measurements; iodine is thus also a
71:
3161:
tracers to evaluate the anatomic and physiologic function of the thyroid. Abnormal results may be caused by disorders such as
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7156:
4286:
3778:
3761:
449:
4094:
7192:
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3050:
78:
3024:
52:
4110:
Hertz, Barbara; Schuleller, Kristin (2010). "Saul Hertz, MD (1905 - 1950) A Pioneer in the Use of
Radioactive Iodine".
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6144:
3420:
or hyperfunctioning thyroid tissue and for elimination of remaining thyroid tissue after surgery for the treatment of
428:
3571:
3502:(half-life 25 minutes) can decay to either tellurium-128 by electron capture or to xenon-128 by beta decay. It has a
3090:
558:) are given to the populace after nuclear accidents or explosions (and in some cases prior to any such incident as a
118:
6879:
6571:
6270:
4056:
E. Rault; et al. (2007). "Comparison of Image
Quality of Different Iodine Isotopes (I-123, I-124, and I-131)".
4003:"Function, Discovery, and Exploitation of Plant Pattern Recognition Receptors for Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance"
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3057:
85:
4279:
3461:
Iodine-135 is an isotope of iodine with a half-life of 6.6 hours. It is an important isotope from the viewpoint of
3131:). Iodine-125 is the only other iodine radioisotope used in radiation therapy, but only as an implanted capsule in
442:
7089:
7047:
7026:
6396:
6312:
6291:
4007:
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6613:
6489:
6468:
6417:
6249:
6186:
6123:
5419:
5398:
4809:
515:
production of this isotope is important in nuclear reactor control, as it decays to Xe, the most powerful known
3751:
3538:
3039:
3028:
67:
56:
7005:
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6942:
6921:
6802:
6592:
6529:
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6375:
6354:
5608:
5482:
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5356:
5312:
5177:
5030:
4902:
4767:
4744:
4565:
3517:
7110:
6837:
6655:
6634:
6333:
6074:
6023:
6002:
5939:
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5792:
5771:
5729:
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4967:
4946:
4851:
4672:
4630:
4491:
7151:
4230:
4200:
3743:
3261:
511:
The isotope I has a half-life less than seven hours, which is too short to be used in biology. Unavoidable
7068:
6900:
6858:
6781:
6739:
6697:
6228:
6207:
6165:
5981:
5918:
5855:
5813:
5750:
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5524:
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5335:
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5503:
5114:
5093:
5072:
4830:
4723:
4651:
4609:
4514:
4145:
Robbins, Jacob; Schneider, Arthur B. (2000). "Thyroid cancer following exposure to radioactive iodine".
3135:, where the isotope never has a chance to be released for chemical interaction with the body's tissues.
4016:
3166:
573:
The portion of the total radiation activity (in air) contributed by each isotope versus time after the
17:
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4872:
4588:
3853:
6140:
543:
5960:
5897:
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2965:
Can be used to date certain early events in Solar System history and some use for dating groundwater
189:
6875:
6567:
6266:
3600:), which is used to image or treat neural tissue tumors, or iodinated fibrinogen, which is used in
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3382:
is seen as a dark sphere in the center of the body (it is in the left adrenal gland). Image is by
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7043:
7022:
6392:
6308:
6287:
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3017:
2772:
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45:
3064:
92:
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6609:
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6413:
6245:
6182:
6119:
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206:
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sequestered by thyroid gland and inadvertently administer a radiological dose to that tissue.
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6959:
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and therapy with some radioiodinated compounds that are not targeted to the thyroid, such as
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3299:
3291:
3237:
3210:
531:
4234:
3545:
530:
In addition to commercial production, I (half-life 8 days) is one of the common radioactive
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6651:
6630:
6329:
6070:
6019:
5998:
5935:
5872:
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5725:
5583:
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5005:
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4963:
4942:
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4331:
3724:
3708:
3679:
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3115:
such as the life sciences and nuclear power, as detailed below. Mentions of radioiodine in
501:
482:
481:
I) from I to I; all undergo radioactive decay except I, which is stable. Iodine is thus a
647:
8:
7064:
6896:
6854:
6777:
6735:
6693:
6224:
6203:
6161:
5977:
5914:
5851:
5809:
5746:
5676:
5520:
5457:
5373:
5331:
5257:
5236:
5194:
5152:
4919:
4784:
4540:
3945:
3766:
3438:
3183:
2860:
489:
4025:
4002:
3966:
3728:
3683:
492:, I, has a half-life of 15.7 million years, which is far too short for it to exist as a
6980:
6756:
6546:
6091:
5830:
5697:
5541:
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5110:
5089:
5068:
4826:
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4647:
4605:
4510:
4178:
3911:
3616:
3518:
Nonradioactive iodide (I) as protection from unwanted radioiodine uptake by the thyroid
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3421:
3353:
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551:
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4868:
4584:
4170:
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4127:
4073:
4038:
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3774:
2921:( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
653:
547:
169:
160:
4271:
4182:
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5956:
5893:
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698:
539:
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217:
3759:
Holden, Norman E. (2004). "11. Table of the
Isotopes". In Lide, David R. (ed.).
3930:
3891:
3474:
3430:
3417:
3202:
2794:
600:
289:
4158:
3260:
Iodine-124 as the iodide salt can be used to directly image the thyroid using
2810:) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
7171:
6151:
4166:
4034:
3839:
3222:
3214:
3132:
634:
612:
593:
559:
276:
251:
226:
194:
546:
during the first week after accidental environmental contamination from the
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6578:
6277:
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4326:
4174:
4131:
4077:
4042:
3589:
3386:
3357:
3349:
3987:
3943:
3831:
3217:
in the treatment of cancer at sites other than the thyroid, especially in
7096:
7054:
7033:
6403:
6319:
6298:
4389:
4069:
3326:
3269:
3265:
3154:
3116:
682:
607:
569:
3374:
6725:
6683:
6620:
6496:
6475:
6424:
6256:
6193:
6130:
5426:
5405:
4816:
4221:"Potassium Iodide as a Thyroid Blocking Agent in Radiation Emergencies"
4123:
3820:"Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)"
3641:
3593:
3490:
3425:
3412:
3369:
3303:
3281:
3233:
3178:
3148:
3144:
3031: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2987:
1923:
1762:
1557:
1495:
709:
626:
562:
mechanism) to reduce the uptake of radioactive iodine compounds by the
524:
329:
296:
258:
201:
3699:
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
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6970:
6949:
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6599:
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6445:
6382:
6361:
5615:
5489:
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5037:
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4774:
4751:
4572:
4414:
4404:
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3770:
3486:
3470:
3314:
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3254:
3174:
2213:
620:
373:
350:
322:
174:
3556:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
3006:
34:
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6009:
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5778:
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5016:
4995:
4974:
4953:
4858:
4679:
4637:
4498:
3950:
3944:
Augustine George; James T Lane; Arlen D Meyers (January 17, 2013).
3910:
Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021).
3799:
3187:
3747:
538:, and is thus produced inadvertently in very large amounts inside
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6865:
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6746:
6704:
6235:
6214:
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5163:
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4795:
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4409:
4302:
3310:
563:
520:
470:
133:
3119:
contexts refer more often to iodine-131 than to other isotopes.
2900:
as daughter – Daughter product is nearly stable.
6991:
6767:
6557:
6102:
5841:
5708:
5636:
5552:
5510:
5121:
5100:
5079:
4837:
4730:
4658:
4616:
4521:
3816:
3481:, which is a cause of multiple complications in the control of
3424:. The purpose of this therapy, which was first explored by Dr.
3338:
3111:. Dozens exist, but about a half dozen are the most notable in
566:
before the highly radioactive isotopes have had time to decay.
474:
137:
6051:
5657:
4879:
4595:
3330:
3295:
5967:
5904:
5142:
5058:
4700:
4267:
Iodine-128, Iodine-130, Iodine-132 data from 'Wolframalpha'
3857:
3702:
3657:
3597:
3442:
3383:
3306:
3128:
3846:
3329:. It is a soluble halogen, exists mainly as a non-sorbing
5573:
3334:
2912:
as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
3742:
3437:
radioisotope used in other water-soluble iodine-labeled
3356:
scheme, which covers the first 85 million years of
4301:
4138:
3909:
3994:
3877:
59:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3703:Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean;
3658:Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean;
3465:. It is produced in relatively large amounts as a
3352:. Its decay is the basis of the I-Xe iodine-xenon
3912:"The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties"
7169:
4197:"Frequently Asked Questions on Potassium Iodide"
4144:
3496:
3257:. The most common starting material used is Te.
4109:
3611:has been distributed to populations exposed to
3268:with a usefully longer half-life compared with
550:from a nuclear power plant. Thus highly dosed
4287:
4001:Boutrot, Freddy; Zipfel, Cyril (2017-08-04).
4000:
450:
4147:Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
4058:Cancer Biotherapy & Radiopharmaceuticals
3905:
3903:
3901:
3264:(PET). Iodine-124 can also be used as a PET
3177:nuclides, but in neither case are these the
3138:
3964:
3713:evaluation of nuclear and decay properties"
3668:evaluation of nuclear and decay properties"
3445:) used therapeutically to destroy tissues.
4294:
4280:
4261:The Berkeley Laboratory Isotopes Project's
2806:( ) – Uncertainty (1
2773:
457:
443:
4024:
3898:
3871:
3572:Learn how and when to remove this message
3348:to be identified as present in the early
3309:interaction with tellurium-130, and also
3091:Learn how and when to remove this message
119:Learn how and when to remove this message
4055:
3810:
3585:uptake with potassium iodide is used in
3373:
2996:
1662:
568:
14:
7170:
3937:
3758:
2933:
2931:
2929:
2927:
5629:
4275:
3762:CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
3201:Both I and I emit copious low energy
2977:, also found as nuclear contamination
2950:
2948:
2946:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2165:
2009:
1827:
1177:
1002:
362:
359:
336:
333:
305:
300:
288:
285:
265:
262:
238:
235:
210:
205:
3521:
3290:15.7 million years) is a product of
3209:Iodine-125 is also commonly used by
3029:adding citations to reliable sources
3000:
57:adding citations to reliable sources
28:
4026:10.1146/annurev-phyto-080614-120106
3946:"Radioactive Iodine Uptake Testing"
3242:plant pattern recognition receptors
3103:Radioisotopes of iodine are called
2924:
581:
24:
4090:BV Cyclotron VU, Amsterdam, 2016,
2943:
2822:
2813:
25:
7204:
4252:
4092:Information on Iodine-124 for PET
3965:V. R. Narra; et al. (1992).
3800:"Standard Atomic Weights: Iodine"
6824:
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33:
4213:
4189:
4103:
4084:
4049:
4008:Annual Review of Phytopathology
3958:
3737:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
3692:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
3198:imaging to detect blood clots.
3016:needs additional citations for
2980:
2968:
2959:
2915:
2903:
2889:
2836:
2767:This table header & footer:
44:needs additional citations for
3792:
3752:Brookhaven National Laboratory
3325:In some ways, I is similar to
2800:
2787:
523:responsible for the so-called
13:
1:
3854:"Nuclear Data Evaluation Lab"
3648:
3497:Iodine-128 and other isotopes
3456:
3363:
3275:
3247:
7188:Lists of isotopes by element
4231:Food and Drug Administration
4201:Food and Drug Administration
3744:National Nuclear Data Center
3485:. The process of buildup of
3262:positron emission tomography
2793:I – Excited
7:
7193:Nuclear safety and security
3975:Journal of Nuclear Medicine
3552:the claims made and adding
10:
7209:
6505:
4758:
4579:
4505:
4259:Iodine isotopes data from
3824:Pure and Applied Chemistry
3477:with a very large thermal
3367:
3279:
3173:(EC) to the corresponding
3142:
2764:
7131:
6821:
4313:
3169:. Both isotopes decay by
3139:Iodine-123 and iodine-125
2744:
2741:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2699:
2697:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2656:
2653:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2612:
2609:
2600:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2568:
2565:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2544:
2524:
2521:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2488:
2485:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2444:
2441:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2408:
2405:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2384:
2365:
2350:
2347:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2326:
2306:
2303:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2259:
2180:
2177:
2168:
2162:
2113:
2091:
2069:
2024:
2021:
2012:
2006:
1957:
1903:
1881:
1859:
1842:
1839:
1830:
1824:
1742:
1720:
1701:
1698:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1631:
1614:
1611:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1475:
1453:
1431:
1409:
1392:
1389:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1347:
1295:
1273:
1228:
1225:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1192:
1189:
1180:
1174:
1131:
1128:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1088:
1017:
1014:
1005:
999:
979:
976:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
935:
932:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
883:
880:
871:
868:
865:
862:
859:
839:
836:
827:
824:
821:
818:
815:
787:
784:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
751:
748:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
693:
690:
678:
675:
672:
669:
666:
661:
652:
641:
633:
625:
619:
606:
599:
592:
588:
544:radioactive contamination
438:
399:
383:
356:
328:
295:
282:
257:
232:
200:
159:
156:
152:
3931:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae
3892:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf
3705:Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik
3660:Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik
4467:Chalcogens
4159:10.1023/A:1010031115233
3463:nuclear reactor physics
3337:forms (commonly, I and
3294:on various isotopes of
3236:in investigating which
3167:Hashimoto's thyroiditis
3631:olution of potassium (
3619:. The iodide solution
3615:accidents such as the
3504:specific radioactivity
3390:
2092:1729.137(10) keV
2070:1634.148(10) keV
578:
385:Standard atomic weight
3832:10.1515/pac-2019-0603
3654:Isotope masses from:
3479:neutron cross section
3377:
3292:cosmic ray spallation
3211:radiation oncologists
2997:Notable radioisotopes
1904:85.1099(10) keV
1882:82.3960(19) keV
1828:39.9525(13) keV
572:
4070:10.1089/cbr.2006.323
3748:"NuDat 2.x database"
3439:radiopharmaceuticals
3346:extinct radionuclide
3040:"Isotopes of iodine"
3025:improve this article
2166:316.49(22) keV
1860:69.5865(7) keV
1776:1.614(12)×10 y
1743:167.368(4) keV
1721:137.851(3) keV
1632:111.00(23) keV
502:mononuclidic element
483:monoisotopic element
68:"Isotopes of iodine"
53:improve this article
7157:Isotopes by element
7152:Metastable isotopes
3767:Boca Raton, Florida
3729:2003NuPhA.729....3A
3684:2003NuPhA.729....3A
3227:radioimmunoassaying
3184:internal conversion
2897:Bold italics symbol
2861:Isomeric transition
2114:2493.7(4) keV
1958:1918.4(4) keV
1509:13.2232(15) h
1348:2376.9(4) keV
1253:81.67(18) min
490:radioactive isotope
469:There are 40 known
149:
7178:Isotopes of iodine
7147:Tables of nuclides
4124:10.4158/EP10065.CO
4112:Endocrine Practice
4097:2017-10-26 at the
3617:Chernobyl disaster
3537:possibly contains
3451:Chernobyl disaster
3391:
3354:radiometric dating
3320:Chernobyl disaster
3105:radioactive iodine
2975:Cosmogenic nuclide
1688:24.99(2) min
1479:146.5(12) ns
1476:444.1(5) keV
1454:394.1(5) keV
1432:379.4(5) keV
1410:314.9(4) keV
1296:320(150) keV
1274:72.61(9) keV
1178:188.8(7) keV
1089:430.4(5) keV
1003:265.9(5) keV
662:Excitation energy
579:
575:Chernobyl disaster
552:iodine supplements
494:primordial nuclide
488:Its longest-lived
131:
7165:
7164:
7136:Table of nuclides
7126:
7125:
7113:
7092:
7071:
7050:
7029:
7008:
6987:
6966:
6945:
6924:
6903:
6882:
6861:
6840:
6805:
6784:
6763:
6742:
6721:
6700:
6679:
6658:
6637:
6616:
6595:
6574:
6553:
6532:
6492:
6471:
6441:
6420:
6399:
6378:
6357:
6336:
6315:
6294:
6273:
6252:
6231:
6210:
6189:
6168:
6147:
6126:
6098:
6077:
6047:
6026:
6005:
5984:
5963:
5942:
5921:
5900:
5879:
5858:
5837:
5816:
5795:
5774:
5753:
5732:
5704:
5683:
5653:
5632:
5611:
5590:
5569:
5548:
5527:
5506:
5485:
5464:
5443:
5422:
5401:
5380:
5359:
5338:
5315:
5294:
5264:
5243:
5222:
5201:
5180:
5159:
5138:
5117:
5096:
5075:
5054:
5033:
5012:
4991:
4970:
4949:
4926:
4905:
4875:
4854:
4833:
4812:
4791:
4770:
4747:
4726:
4696:
4675:
4654:
4633:
4612:
4591:
4568:
4547:
4517:
4494:
4464:Pnictogens
4425:
4323:
4307:chemical elements
3919:Chinese Physics C
3880:Chinese Physics C
3780:978-0-8493-0485-9
3765:(85th ed.).
3717:Nuclear Physics A
3712:
3672:Nuclear Physics A
3667:
3582:
3581:
3574:
3539:original research
3232:I is used as the
3213:in low dose rate
3101:
3100:
3093:
3075:
2886:
2885:
2784:
2783:
2645:89.7(93) ms
2397:2.280(11) s
2369:1.26(16) μs
2366:67.9(3) keV
2295:24.13(12) s
2260:206(15) keV
2169:3.52(4) min
2145:52.5(2) min
2013:1.387(15) h
2010:110(11) keV
1989:2.295(13) h
1937:8.0249(6) d
1934:130.90612638(65)
1831:8.84(6) min
1571:59.392(8) d
1539:4.1760(3) d
1435:79.1(12) μs
1413:193.3(9) ns
1379:3.63(6) min
1217:19.1(4) min
1159:13.7(5) min
1120:2.22(4) min
1092:3.27(16) μs
548:radioactive waste
467:
466:
379:
378:
129:
128:
121:
103:
16:(Redirected from
7200:
7111:§ List
7105:
7090:§ List
7084:
7069:§ List
7063:
7048:§ List
7042:
7027:§ List
7021:
7006:§ List
7000:
6985:§ List
6979:
6964:§ List
6958:
6943:§ List
6937:
6922:§ List
6916:
6901:§ List
6895:
6880:§ List
6874:
6859:§ List
6853:
6838:§ List
6832:
6828:
6827:
6803:§ List
6797:
6782:§ List
6776:
6761:§ List
6755:
6740:§ List
6734:
6719:§ List
6713:
6698:§ List
6692:
6677:§ List
6671:
6656:§ List
6650:
6635:§ List
6629:
6614:§ List
6608:
6593:§ List
6587:
6572:§ List
6566:
6551:§ List
6545:
6530:§ List
6524:
6520:
6519:
6490:§ List
6484:
6469:§ List
6463:
6459:
6439:§ List
6433:
6418:§ List
6412:
6397:§ List
6391:
6376:§ List
6370:
6355:§ List
6349:
6334:§ List
6328:
6313:§ List
6307:
6292:§ List
6286:
6271:§ List
6265:
6250:§ List
6244:
6229:§ List
6223:
6208:§ List
6202:
6187:§ List
6181:
6166:§ List
6160:
6145:§ List
6139:
6124:§ List
6118:
6114:
6113:
6096:§ List
6090:
6075:§ List
6069:
6065:
6045:§ List
6039:
6024:§ List
6018:
6003:§ List
5997:
5982:§ List
5976:
5961:§ List
5955:
5940:§ List
5934:
5919:§ List
5913:
5898:§ List
5892:
5877:§ List
5871:
5856:§ List
5850:
5835:§ List
5829:
5814:§ List
5808:
5793:§ List
5787:
5772:§ List
5766:
5751:§ List
5745:
5730:§ List
5724:
5720:
5719:
5702:§ List
5696:
5681:§ List
5675:
5671:
5651:§ List
5645:
5630:§ List
5624:
5609:§ List
5603:
5588:§ List
5582:
5567:§ List
5561:
5546:§ List
5540:
5525:§ List
5519:
5504:§ List
5498:
5483:§ List
5477:
5462:§ List
5456:
5441:§ List
5435:
5420:§ List
5414:
5399:§ List
5393:
5378:§ List
5372:
5357:§ List
5351:
5336:§ List
5330:
5313:§ List
5307:
5292:§ List
5286:
5282:
5262:§ List
5256:
5241:§ List
5235:
5220:§ List
5214:
5199:§ List
5193:
5178:§ List
5172:
5157:§ List
5151:
5136:§ List
5130:
5115:§ List
5109:
5094:§ List
5088:
5073:§ List
5067:
5052:§ List
5046:
5031:§ List
5025:
5010:§ List
5004:
4989:§ List
4983:
4968:§ List
4962:
4947:§ List
4941:
4924:§ List
4918:
4903:§ List
4897:
4893:
4873:§ List
4867:
4852:§ List
4846:
4831:§ List
4825:
4810:§ List
4804:
4789:§ List
4783:
4768:§ List
4762:
4745:§ List
4739:
4724:§ List
4718:
4714:
4694:§ List
4688:
4673:§ List
4667:
4652:§ List
4646:
4631:§ List
4625:
4610:§ List
4604:
4589:§ List
4583:
4566:§ List
4560:
4545:§ List
4539:
4535:
4515:§ List
4509:
4492:§ List
4486:
4482:
4421:
4319:
4316:
4315:
4296:
4289:
4282:
4273:
4272:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4233:. Archived from
4226:Federal Register
4217:
4211:
4210:
4208:
4207:
4193:
4187:
4186:
4142:
4136:
4135:
4107:
4101:
4088:
4082:
4081:
4053:
4047:
4046:
4028:
3998:
3992:
3991:
3982:(12): 2196–201.
3971:
3962:
3956:
3955:
3941:
3935:
3934:
3916:
3907:
3896:
3895:
3875:
3869:
3868:
3866:
3865:
3856:. Archived from
3850:
3844:
3843:
3814:
3808:
3807:
3796:
3784:
3755:
3739:
3710:
3694:
3665:
3609:Potassium iodide
3602:fibrinogen scans
3587:nuclear medicine
3577:
3570:
3566:
3563:
3557:
3554:inline citations
3530:
3529:
3522:
3513:
3511:
3483:nuclear reactors
3469:, and decays to
3410:
3409:
3408:
3401:
3400:
3380:Pheochromocytoma
3186:electron (not a
3171:electron capture
3113:applied sciences
3096:
3089:
3085:
3082:
3076:
3074:
3033:
3009:
3001:
2991:
2984:
2978:
2972:
2966:
2963:
2957:
2952:
2941:
2935:
2922:
2919:
2913:
2907:
2901:
2893:
2887:
2871:Neutron emission
2851:Electron capture
2844:
2843:
2842:Modes of decay:
2840:
2834:
2831:
2820:
2817:
2811:
2804:
2798:
2791:
2780:
2775:
2513:235(11) ms
2510:141.9411666(53)
2433:588(10) ms
2394:138.9264934(43)
2336:137.9227264(64)
2292:136.9180282(90)
2263:46.6(11) s
2204:134.9100594(22)
2142:133.9097757(52)
2117:469(15) ns
2051:20.83(8) h
2048:132.9078284(63)
1986:131.9079935(44)
1885:315(15) ns
1807:12.36(1) h
1804:129.9066702(34)
1773:128.9049836(34)
1746:175(15) ns
1724:845(20) ns
1685:127.9058094(39)
1660:126.9044726(39)
1601:12.93(5) d
1598:125.9056242(41)
1568:124.9046306(15)
1536:123.9062103(25)
1506:122.9055898(40)
1457:78.2(4) μs
1376:121.9075901(56)
1351:9.0(14) μs
1326:120.9074115(51)
1181:8.5(5) min
1070:2.91(15) s
1042:1.3(2) min
968:2.01(15) s
921:112.9236501(86)
825:110.9302692(51)
776:664(24) ms
740:92.8(8) μs
737:108.9380860(72)
679:26.4(8) ms
616:
586:
585:
582:List of isotopes
556:potassium iodide
540:nuclear reactors
532:fission products
517:neutron absorber
459:
452:
445:
426:
424:
417:
416:
412:
409:
395:
370:
365:
347:
344:
339:
319:
312:
310:
273:
268:
248:
241:
223:
220:
213:
186:
154:
153:
150:
148:
147:
130:
124:
117:
113:
110:
104:
102:
61:
37:
29:
21:
7208:
7207:
7203:
7202:
7201:
7199:
7198:
7197:
7168:
7167:
7166:
7161:
7127:
7121:
7114:
7100:
7093:
7079:
7072:
7058:
7051:
7037:
7030:
7016:
7009:
6995:
6988:
6974:
6967:
6953:
6946:
6932:
6925:
6911:
6904:
6890:
6883:
6869:
6862:
6848:
6841:
6825:
6813:
6806:
6792:
6785:
6771:
6764:
6750:
6743:
6729:
6722:
6708:
6701:
6687:
6680:
6666:
6659:
6645:
6638:
6624:
6617:
6603:
6596:
6582:
6575:
6561:
6554:
6540:
6533:
6517:
6500:
6493:
6479:
6472:
6449:
6442:
6428:
6421:
6407:
6400:
6386:
6379:
6365:
6358:
6344:
6337:
6323:
6316:
6302:
6295:
6281:
6274:
6260:
6253:
6239:
6232:
6218:
6211:
6197:
6190:
6176:
6169:
6155:
6148:
6134:
6127:
6111:
6106:
6099:
6085:
6078:
6055:
6048:
6034:
6027:
6013:
6006:
5992:
5985:
5971:
5964:
5950:
5943:
5929:
5922:
5908:
5901:
5887:
5880:
5866:
5859:
5845:
5838:
5824:
5817:
5803:
5796:
5782:
5775:
5761:
5754:
5740:
5733:
5717:
5712:
5705:
5691:
5684:
5661:
5654:
5640:
5633:
5619:
5612:
5598:
5591:
5577:
5570:
5556:
5549:
5535:
5528:
5514:
5507:
5493:
5486:
5472:
5465:
5451:
5444:
5430:
5423:
5409:
5402:
5388:
5381:
5367:
5360:
5346:
5339:
5323:
5316:
5302:
5295:
5272:
5265:
5251:
5244:
5230:
5223:
5209:
5202:
5188:
5181:
5167:
5160:
5146:
5139:
5125:
5118:
5104:
5097:
5083:
5076:
5062:
5055:
5041:
5034:
5020:
5013:
4999:
4992:
4978:
4971:
4957:
4950:
4934:
4927:
4913:
4906:
4883:
4876:
4862:
4855:
4841:
4834:
4820:
4813:
4799:
4792:
4778:
4771:
4755:
4748:
4734:
4727:
4704:
4697:
4683:
4676:
4662:
4655:
4641:
4634:
4620:
4613:
4599:
4592:
4576:
4569:
4555:
4548:
4525:
4518:
4502:
4495:
4470:Halogens
4434:
4429:
4309:
4300:
4255:
4250:
4249:
4240:
4238:
4219:
4218:
4214:
4205:
4203:
4195:
4194:
4190:
4143:
4139:
4108:
4104:
4099:Wayback Machine
4089:
4085:
4054:
4050:
3999:
3995:
3969:
3963:
3959:
3942:
3938:
3914:
3908:
3899:
3876:
3872:
3863:
3861:
3852:
3851:
3847:
3815:
3811:
3798:
3797:
3793:
3781:
3651:
3613:nuclear fission
3578:
3567:
3561:
3558:
3543:
3531:
3527:
3520:
3509:
3507:
3499:
3467:fission product
3459:
3422:Graves' disease
3418:thyroid nodules
3407:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3399:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3372:
3366:
3342:
3286:Iodine-129 (I;
3284:
3278:
3250:
3219:prostate cancer
3203:Auger electrons
3196:fibrinogen scan
3163:Graves' disease
3159:nuclear imaging
3151:
3143:Main articles:
3141:
3097:
3086:
3080:
3077:
3034:
3032:
3022:
3010:
2999:
2994:
2985:
2981:
2973:
2969:
2964:
2960:
2955:Fission product
2953:
2944:
2936:
2925:
2920:
2916:
2908:
2904:
2894:
2890:
2881:Proton emission
2841:
2837:
2832:
2823:
2818:
2814:
2805:
2801:
2792:
2788:
2779:
2765:
2733:
2729:146.96651(32)#
2689:94(26) ms
2686:145.96185(32)#
2642:144.95585(54)#
2598:143.95134(43)#
2557:182(8) ms
2554:142.94548(22)#
2477:420(7) ms
2474:140.935666(17)
2430:139.931716(13)
2339:6.26(3) s
2237:83.4(4) s
2234:135.914605(15)
2207:6.58(3) h
1907:254(4) ns
1863:133(7) ns
1329:2.12(1) h
1299:53(4) min
1277:242(5) ns
1250:119.910094(16)
1214:118.910061(23)
1156:117.913074(21)
1117:116.913646(27)
1067:115.916886(81)
1039:114.918048(31)
965:113.922019(22)
940:α (3.310×10#%)
872:3.34(8) s
869:111.928005(11)
773:109.935085(66)
676:107.94335(11)#
655:
650:
646:
639:
636:
631:
628:
623:
617:
610:
590:
584:
536:nuclear fission
480:
463:
434:
422:
420:
414:
410:
407:
405:
393:
387:
368:
363:
345:
342:
337:
315:
308:
306:
271:
266:
244:
239:
221:
216:
211:
184:
177:
170:abundance
145:
141:
132:
125:
114:
108:
105:
62:
60:
50:
38:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7206:
7196:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7180:
7163:
7162:
7160:
7159:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7138:
7132:
7129:
7128:
7124:
7123:
7115:
7104:
7102:
7094:
7083:
7081:
7073:
7062:
7060:
7052:
7041:
7039:
7031:
7020:
7018:
7010:
6999:
6997:
6989:
6978:
6976:
6968:
6957:
6955:
6947:
6936:
6934:
6926:
6915:
6913:
6905:
6894:
6892:
6884:
6873:
6871:
6863:
6852:
6850:
6842:
6831:
6829:
6822:
6819:
6818:
6815:
6807:
6796:
6794:
6786:
6775:
6773:
6765:
6754:
6752:
6744:
6733:
6731:
6723:
6712:
6710:
6702:
6691:
6689:
6681:
6670:
6668:
6660:
6649:
6647:
6639:
6628:
6626:
6618:
6607:
6605:
6597:
6586:
6584:
6576:
6565:
6563:
6555:
6544:
6542:
6534:
6523:
6521:
6514:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6506:
6503:
6502:
6494:
6483:
6481:
6473:
6462:
6460:
6452:
6451:
6443:
6432:
6430:
6422:
6411:
6409:
6401:
6390:
6388:
6380:
6369:
6367:
6359:
6348:
6346:
6338:
6327:
6325:
6317:
6306:
6304:
6296:
6285:
6283:
6275:
6264:
6262:
6254:
6243:
6241:
6233:
6222:
6220:
6212:
6201:
6199:
6191:
6180:
6178:
6170:
6159:
6157:
6149:
6138:
6136:
6128:
6117:
6115:
6108:
6100:
6089:
6087:
6079:
6068:
6066:
6058:
6057:
6049:
6038:
6036:
6028:
6017:
6015:
6007:
5996:
5994:
5986:
5975:
5973:
5965:
5954:
5952:
5944:
5933:
5931:
5923:
5912:
5910:
5902:
5891:
5889:
5881:
5870:
5868:
5860:
5849:
5847:
5839:
5828:
5826:
5818:
5807:
5805:
5797:
5786:
5784:
5776:
5765:
5763:
5755:
5744:
5742:
5734:
5723:
5721:
5714:
5706:
5695:
5693:
5685:
5674:
5672:
5664:
5663:
5655:
5644:
5642:
5634:
5623:
5621:
5613:
5602:
5600:
5592:
5581:
5579:
5571:
5560:
5558:
5550:
5539:
5537:
5529:
5518:
5516:
5508:
5497:
5495:
5487:
5476:
5474:
5466:
5455:
5453:
5445:
5434:
5432:
5424:
5413:
5411:
5403:
5392:
5390:
5382:
5371:
5369:
5361:
5350:
5348:
5340:
5329:
5327:
5325:
5317:
5306:
5304:
5296:
5285:
5283:
5275:
5274:
5266:
5255:
5253:
5245:
5234:
5232:
5224:
5213:
5211:
5203:
5192:
5190:
5182:
5171:
5169:
5161:
5150:
5148:
5140:
5129:
5127:
5119:
5108:
5106:
5098:
5087:
5085:
5077:
5066:
5064:
5056:
5045:
5043:
5035:
5024:
5022:
5014:
5003:
5001:
4993:
4982:
4980:
4972:
4961:
4959:
4951:
4940:
4938:
4936:
4928:
4917:
4915:
4907:
4896:
4894:
4886:
4885:
4877:
4866:
4864:
4856:
4845:
4843:
4835:
4824:
4822:
4814:
4803:
4801:
4793:
4782:
4780:
4772:
4761:
4759:
4757:
4749:
4738:
4736:
4728:
4717:
4715:
4707:
4706:
4698:
4687:
4685:
4677:
4666:
4664:
4656:
4645:
4643:
4635:
4624:
4622:
4614:
4603:
4601:
4593:
4582:
4580:
4578:
4570:
4559:
4557:
4549:
4538:
4536:
4528:
4527:
4519:
4508:
4506:
4504:
4496:
4485:
4483:
4475:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4458:
4456:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4448:
4446:
4444:
4442:
4440:
4438:
4436:
4431:
4430:alkali metals
4426:
4418:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4314:
4311:
4310:
4299:
4298:
4291:
4284:
4276:
4270:
4269:
4264:
4254:
4253:External links
4251:
4248:
4247:
4212:
4188:
4153:(3): 197–203.
4137:
4118:(4): 713–715.
4102:
4083:
4064:(3): 423–430.
4048:
4017:Annual Reviews
3993:
3957:
3936:
3897:
3870:
3845:
3809:
3790:
3789:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3785:
3779:
3756:
3740:
3697:
3696:
3695:
3650:
3647:
3580:
3579:
3534:
3532:
3525:
3519:
3516:
3498:
3495:
3475:nuclear poison
3458:
3455:
3431:thyroid cancer
3406:
3398:
3368:Main article:
3365:
3362:
3340:
3280:Main article:
3277:
3274:
3249:
3246:
3155:gamma-emitting
3140:
3137:
3099:
3098:
3013:
3011:
3004:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2979:
2967:
2958:
2942:
2923:
2914:
2902:
2888:
2884:
2883:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2868:
2864:
2863:
2858:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2835:
2821:
2812:
2799:
2795:nuclear isomer
2785:
2782:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2769:
2762:
2761:
2758:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2717:
2716:
2713:
2709:
2708:
2705:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2674:
2673:
2670:
2666:
2665:
2662:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2634:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2602:
2601:94(8) ms
2599:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2582:
2578:
2577:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2549:
2546:
2542:
2541:
2538:
2534:
2533:
2530:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2498:
2497:
2494:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2450:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2324:
2323:
2316:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2191:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2030:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2004:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1961:24(1) μs
1959:
1956:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1792:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1707:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1673:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1398:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1314:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1006:6.2(5) s
1004:
1001:
997:
996:
993:
989:
988:
985:
981:
980:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
953:
952:
949:
945:
944:
941:
937:
936:
934:
931:
928:
925:
924:6.6(2) s
922:
919:
916:
913:
909:
908:
905:
901:
900:
897:
896:β, α (0.104%)
893:
892:
889:
885:
884:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
867:
864:
861:
857:
856:
853:
849:
848:
845:
841:
840:
838:
835:
832:
829:
828:2.5(2) s
826:
823:
820:
817:
813:
812:
809:
805:
804:
801:
797:
796:
793:
789:
788:
786:
783:
780:
777:
774:
771:
768:
765:
761:
760:
757:
753:
752:
750:
747:
744:
741:
738:
735:
732:
729:
725:
724:
721:
717:
716:
713:
706:
705:
702:
695:
694:
692:
689:
686:
680:
677:
674:
671:
668:
664:
663:
659:
658:
651:
640:
632:
624:
618:
605:
598:
591:
583:
580:
478:
465:
464:
462:
461:
454:
447:
439:
436:
435:
433:
432:
418:
402:
400:
397:
396:
391:
381:
380:
377:
376:
371:
366:
361:
358:
354:
353:
348:
340:
335:
332:
326:
325:
320:
313:
304:
299:
293:
292:
287:
284:
280:
279:
274:
269:
264:
261:
255:
254:
249:
242:
237:
234:
230:
229:
224:
214:
212:13.2232 h
209:
204:
198:
197:
192:
187:
182:
172:
167:
164:
163:
158:
157:Main isotopes
143:
127:
126:
41:
39:
32:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7205:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7175:
7173:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7139:
7137:
7134:
7133:
7130:
7120:
7119:
7112:
7108:
7103:
7099:
7098:
7091:
7087:
7082:
7078:
7077:
7070:
7066:
7061:
7057:
7056:
7049:
7045:
7040:
7036:
7035:
7028:
7024:
7019:
7015:
7014:
7007:
7003:
6998:
6994:
6993:
6986:
6982:
6977:
6973:
6972:
6965:
6961:
6956:
6952:
6951:
6944:
6940:
6935:
6931:
6930:
6923:
6919:
6914:
6910:
6909:
6902:
6898:
6893:
6889:
6888:
6881:
6877:
6872:
6868:
6867:
6860:
6856:
6851:
6847:
6846:
6839:
6835:
6830:
6823:
6820:
6816:
6812:
6811:
6804:
6800:
6795:
6791:
6790:
6783:
6779:
6774:
6770:
6769:
6762:
6758:
6753:
6749:
6748:
6741:
6737:
6732:
6728:
6727:
6720:
6716:
6711:
6707:
6706:
6699:
6695:
6690:
6686:
6685:
6678:
6674:
6669:
6665:
6664:
6657:
6653:
6648:
6644:
6643:
6636:
6632:
6627:
6623:
6622:
6615:
6611:
6606:
6602:
6601:
6594:
6590:
6585:
6581:
6580:
6573:
6569:
6564:
6560:
6559:
6552:
6548:
6543:
6539:
6538:
6531:
6527:
6522:
6515:
6513:
6511:
6509:
6508:
6504:
6499:
6498:
6491:
6487:
6482:
6478:
6477:
6470:
6466:
6461:
6458:
6454:
6453:
6448:
6447:
6440:
6436:
6431:
6427:
6426:
6419:
6415:
6410:
6406:
6405:
6398:
6394:
6389:
6385:
6384:
6377:
6373:
6368:
6364:
6363:
6356:
6352:
6347:
6343:
6342:
6335:
6331:
6326:
6322:
6321:
6314:
6310:
6305:
6301:
6300:
6293:
6289:
6284:
6280:
6279:
6272:
6268:
6263:
6259:
6258:
6251:
6247:
6242:
6238:
6237:
6230:
6226:
6221:
6217:
6216:
6209:
6205:
6200:
6196:
6195:
6188:
6184:
6179:
6175:
6174:
6167:
6163:
6158:
6154:
6153:
6146:
6142:
6137:
6133:
6132:
6125:
6121:
6116:
6109:
6105:
6104:
6097:
6093:
6088:
6084:
6083:
6076:
6072:
6067:
6064:
6060:
6059:
6054:
6053:
6046:
6042:
6037:
6033:
6032:
6025:
6021:
6016:
6012:
6011:
6004:
6000:
5995:
5991:
5990:
5983:
5979:
5974:
5970:
5969:
5962:
5958:
5953:
5949:
5948:
5941:
5937:
5932:
5928:
5927:
5920:
5916:
5911:
5907:
5906:
5899:
5895:
5890:
5886:
5885:
5878:
5874:
5869:
5865:
5864:
5857:
5853:
5848:
5844:
5843:
5836:
5832:
5827:
5823:
5822:
5815:
5811:
5806:
5802:
5801:
5794:
5790:
5785:
5781:
5780:
5773:
5769:
5764:
5760:
5759:
5752:
5748:
5743:
5739:
5738:
5731:
5727:
5722:
5715:
5711:
5710:
5703:
5699:
5694:
5690:
5689:
5682:
5678:
5673:
5670:
5666:
5665:
5660:
5659:
5652:
5648:
5643:
5639:
5638:
5631:
5627:
5622:
5618:
5617:
5610:
5606:
5601:
5597:
5596:
5589:
5585:
5580:
5576:
5575:
5568:
5564:
5559:
5555:
5554:
5547:
5543:
5538:
5534:
5533:
5526:
5522:
5517:
5513:
5512:
5505:
5501:
5496:
5492:
5491:
5484:
5480:
5475:
5471:
5470:
5463:
5459:
5454:
5450:
5449:
5442:
5438:
5433:
5429:
5428:
5421:
5417:
5412:
5408:
5407:
5400:
5396:
5391:
5387:
5386:
5379:
5375:
5370:
5366:
5365:
5358:
5354:
5349:
5345:
5344:
5337:
5333:
5328:
5326:
5322:
5321:
5314:
5310:
5305:
5301:
5300:
5293:
5289:
5284:
5281:
5277:
5276:
5271:
5270:
5263:
5259:
5254:
5250:
5249:
5242:
5238:
5233:
5229:
5228:
5221:
5217:
5212:
5208:
5207:
5200:
5196:
5191:
5187:
5186:
5179:
5175:
5170:
5166:
5165:
5158:
5154:
5149:
5145:
5144:
5137:
5133:
5128:
5124:
5123:
5116:
5112:
5107:
5103:
5102:
5095:
5091:
5086:
5082:
5081:
5074:
5070:
5065:
5061:
5060:
5053:
5049:
5044:
5040:
5039:
5032:
5028:
5023:
5019:
5018:
5011:
5007:
5002:
4998:
4997:
4990:
4986:
4981:
4977:
4976:
4969:
4965:
4960:
4956:
4955:
4948:
4944:
4939:
4937:
4933:
4932:
4925:
4921:
4916:
4912:
4911:
4904:
4900:
4895:
4892:
4888:
4887:
4882:
4881:
4874:
4870:
4865:
4861:
4860:
4853:
4849:
4844:
4840:
4839:
4832:
4828:
4823:
4819:
4818:
4811:
4807:
4802:
4798:
4797:
4790:
4786:
4781:
4777:
4776:
4769:
4765:
4760:
4754:
4753:
4746:
4742:
4737:
4733:
4732:
4725:
4721:
4716:
4713:
4709:
4708:
4703:
4702:
4695:
4691:
4686:
4682:
4681:
4674:
4670:
4665:
4661:
4660:
4653:
4649:
4644:
4640:
4639:
4632:
4628:
4623:
4619:
4618:
4611:
4607:
4602:
4598:
4597:
4590:
4586:
4581:
4575:
4574:
4567:
4563:
4558:
4554:
4553:
4546:
4542:
4537:
4534:
4530:
4529:
4524:
4523:
4516:
4512:
4507:
4501:
4500:
4493:
4489:
4484:
4481:
4477:
4476:
4472:
4469:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4451:
4449:
4447:
4445:
4443:
4441:
4439:
4437:
4435:earth metals
4432:
4427:
4424:
4420:
4419:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4322:
4318:
4317:
4312:
4308:
4304:
4297:
4292:
4290:
4285:
4283:
4278:
4277:
4274:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4262:
4257:
4256:
4237:on 2011-10-02
4236:
4232:
4228:
4227:
4222:
4216:
4202:
4198:
4192:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4141:
4133:
4129:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4106:
4100:
4096:
4093:
4087:
4079:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4052:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4018:
4014:
4010:
4009:
4004:
3997:
3989:
3985:
3981:
3977:
3976:
3968:
3961:
3953:
3952:
3947:
3940:
3932:
3928:
3925:(3): 030001.
3924:
3920:
3913:
3906:
3904:
3902:
3893:
3889:
3886:(3): 030003.
3885:
3881:
3874:
3860:on 2007-01-21
3859:
3855:
3849:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3829:
3825:
3821:
3813:
3805:
3801:
3795:
3791:
3782:
3776:
3772:
3768:
3764:
3763:
3757:
3753:
3749:
3745:
3741:
3738:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3706:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3661:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3652:
3646:
3643:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3606:
3603:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3588:
3576:
3573:
3565:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3541:
3540:
3535:This section
3533:
3524:
3523:
3515:
3512:10 TBq/g
3505:
3494:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3473:, which is a
3472:
3468:
3464:
3454:
3452:
3446:
3444:
3440:
3434:
3432:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3414:
3413:beta-emitting
3388:
3385:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3361:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3323:
3321:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3283:
3273:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3258:
3256:
3245:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3230:
3228:
3225:, such as in
3224:
3223:gamma counter
3220:
3216:
3215:brachytherapy
3212:
3207:
3204:
3199:
3197:
3191:
3189:
3185:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3150:
3146:
3136:
3134:
3133:brachytherapy
3130:
3124:
3120:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3095:
3092:
3084:
3073:
3070:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3056:
3052:
3049:
3045:
3042: –
3041:
3037:
3036:Find sources:
3030:
3026:
3020:
3019:
3014:This section
3012:
3008:
3003:
3002:
2989:
2983:
2976:
2971:
2962:
2956:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2940:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2928:
2918:
2911:
2906:
2899:
2898:
2892:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2839:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2816:
2809:
2803:
2796:
2790:
2786:
2776:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2763:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2738:
2735:
2718:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2703:
2702:
2694:
2691:
2675:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2650:
2647:
2631:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2606:
2603:
2587:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2562:
2559:
2543:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2518:
2515:
2499:
2495:
2493:β, n (21.2%)
2492:
2491:
2482:
2479:
2463:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2451:
2449:β, n (7.60%)
2448:
2447:
2438:
2435:
2419:
2415:
2413:β, n (9.74%)
2412:
2411:
2402:
2399:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2355:β, n (5.33%)
2354:
2353:
2344:
2341:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2310:
2309:
2300:
2297:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2174:
2171:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2095:~170 ns
2094:
2088:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2018:
2015:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1836:
1833:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1674:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1222:
1219:
1203:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1186:
1183:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1125:
1122:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1011:
1008:
998:
994:
992:α (7.7×10#%)
991:
990:
986:
983:
982:
973:
970:
954:
950:
947:
946:
942:
939:
938:
929:
926:
910:
906:
903:
902:
898:
895:
894:
890:
888:β, p (0.88%)
887:
886:
877:
874:
858:
854:
851:
850:
846:
843:
842:
833:
830:
814:
810:
807:
806:
802:
799:
798:
794:
791:
790:
781:
778:
762:
758:
755:
754:
745:
742:
726:
722:
719:
718:
714:
711:
708:
707:
703:
700:
697:
696:
687:
684:
681:
665:
660:
657:
649:
644:
638:
630:
622:
614:
609:
608:Isotopic mass
604:
603:
597:
596:
587:
576:
571:
567:
565:
561:
560:civil defense
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
528:
526:
522:
518:
514:
509:
505:
503:
499:
495:
491:
486:
484:
476:
472:
460:
455:
453:
448:
446:
441:
440:
437:
430:
419:
404:
403:
401:
398:
390:
386:
382:
375:
372:
367:
355:
352:
349:
341:
338:8.0249 d
331:
327:
324:
321:
318:
314:
303:
298:
294:
291:
281:
278:
275:
270:
267:59.392 d
260:
256:
253:
250:
247:
243:
240:4.1760 d
231:
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225:
219:
215:
208:
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199:
196:
195:product
193:
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123:
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98:
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91:
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84:
80:
77:
73:
70: –
69:
65:
64:Find sources:
58:
54:
48:
47:
42:This article
40:
36:
31:
30:
27:
19:
7140:Categories:
7116:
7095:
7074:
7053:
7032:
7011:
6990:
6969:
6948:
6927:
6906:
6885:
6864:
6843:
6808:
6787:
6766:
6745:
6724:
6703:
6682:
6661:
6640:
6619:
6598:
6577:
6556:
6535:
6495:
6474:
6444:
6423:
6402:
6381:
6360:
6339:
6318:
6297:
6276:
6255:
6234:
6213:
6192:
6171:
6150:
6129:
6101:
6080:
6050:
6029:
6008:
5987:
5966:
5945:
5924:
5903:
5882:
5861:
5840:
5819:
5798:
5777:
5756:
5735:
5707:
5686:
5656:
5635:
5625:
5614:
5593:
5572:
5551:
5530:
5509:
5488:
5467:
5446:
5425:
5404:
5383:
5362:
5341:
5318:
5297:
5267:
5246:
5225:
5204:
5183:
5162:
5141:
5120:
5099:
5078:
5057:
5036:
5015:
4994:
4973:
4952:
4929:
4908:
4878:
4857:
4836:
4815:
4794:
4773:
4750:
4729:
4699:
4678:
4657:
4636:
4615:
4594:
4571:
4550:
4520:
4497:
4473:Noble gases
4428:Hydrogen and
4260:
4239:. Retrieved
4235:the original
4224:
4215:
4204:. Retrieved
4191:
4150:
4146:
4140:
4115:
4111:
4105:
4086:
4061:
4057:
4051:
4012:
4006:
3996:
3979:
3973:
3960:
3949:
3939:
3922:
3918:
3883:
3879:
3873:
3862:. Retrieved
3858:the original
3848:
3823:
3812:
3794:
3760:
3720:
3716:
3675:
3671:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3607:
3590:scintigraphy
3583:
3568:
3559:
3536:
3500:
3460:
3447:
3435:
3393:Iodine-131 (
3392:
3387:scintigraphy
3358:Solar System
3350:Solar System
3324:
3285:
3259:
3251:
3240:go to which
3231:
3208:
3200:
3192:
3152:
3125:
3121:
3108:
3104:
3102:
3087:
3078:
3068:
3061:
3054:
3047:
3035:
3023:Please help
3018:verification
3015:
2982:
2970:
2961:
2939:medical uses
2917:
2909:
2905:
2896:
2895:
2891:
2838:
2815:
2807:
2802:
2789:
2766:
2319:
2318:
2270:
2269:
2244:
2243:
2188:
2151:
2073:9(2) s
2032:
1995:
1943:
1850:
1813:
1782:
1710:
1709:
1694:
1663:
1635:128 ns
1622:
1607:
1577:
1545:
1515:
1400:
1385:
1305:
1259:
904:α (0.0012%)
808:β, α (1.1%)
749:(1/2+,3/2+)
743:p (99.986%)
601:
594:
529:
527:phenomenon.
512:
510:
506:
487:
468:
388:
179:
115:
106:
96:
89:
82:
75:
63:
51:Please help
46:verification
43:
26:
4019:: 257–286.
3360:evolution.
3270:fluorine-18
3266:radiotracer
3117:health care
3109:radioiodine
2910:Bold symbol
2732:60# ms
2436:β (92.40%)
2400:β (90.26%)
2342:β (94.67%)
2298:β (92.49%)
2172:IT (97.7%)
875:β (99.01%)
844:α (0.088%)
831:β (99.91%)
800:β, p (11%)
756:α (0.014%)
364:6.58 h
7172:Categories
4241:2009-06-06
4206:2009-06-06
3864:2009-05-13
3649:References
3642:iodine-131
3594:iobenguane
3546:improve it
3491:iodine pit
3457:Iodine-135
3426:Saul Hertz
3370:Iodine-131
3364:Iodine-131
3304:cosmic ray
3300:atmosphere
3282:Iodine-129
3276:Iodine-129
3248:Iodine-124
3234:radiolabel
3179:metastable
3149:Iodine-125
3145:Iodine-123
3051:newspapers
2990:phenomenon
2988:iodine pit
2480:β (78.8%)
1691:β (93.1%)
1619:β (47.3%)
1604:β (52.7%)
525:iodine pit
519:, and the
498:Cosmogenic
79:newspapers
18:Iodine-127
4167:1389-9155
4035:0066-4286
3840:1365-3075
3771:CRC Press
3723:: 3–128,
3678:: 3–128,
3627:aturated
3550:verifying
3487:xenon-135
3471:xenon-135
3441:(such as
3315:plutonium
3288:half-life
3255:cyclotron
3175:tellurium
2185:β (2.3%)
2016:IT (86%)
1834:IT (84%)
1706:β (6.9%)
1397:EC (22%)
1233:EC (49%)
685:(99.50%)
656:abundance
621:Half-life
554:(usually
394:°(I)
311:10 y
175:half-life
7142:Isotopes
7107:Isotopes
7086:Isotopes
7065:Isotopes
7044:Isotopes
7023:Isotopes
7002:Isotopes
6981:Isotopes
6960:Isotopes
6939:Isotopes
6918:Isotopes
6897:Isotopes
6876:Isotopes
6855:Isotopes
6834:Isotopes
6799:Isotopes
6778:Isotopes
6757:Isotopes
6736:Isotopes
6715:Isotopes
6694:Isotopes
6673:Isotopes
6652:Isotopes
6631:Isotopes
6610:Isotopes
6589:Isotopes
6568:Isotopes
6547:Isotopes
6526:Isotopes
6486:Isotopes
6465:Isotopes
6457:⑧
6435:Isotopes
6414:Isotopes
6393:Isotopes
6372:Isotopes
6351:Isotopes
6330:Isotopes
6309:Isotopes
6288:Isotopes
6267:Isotopes
6246:Isotopes
6225:Isotopes
6204:Isotopes
6183:Isotopes
6162:Isotopes
6141:Isotopes
6120:Isotopes
6092:Isotopes
6071:Isotopes
6063:⑦
6041:Isotopes
6020:Isotopes
5999:Isotopes
5978:Isotopes
5957:Isotopes
5936:Isotopes
5915:Isotopes
5894:Isotopes
5873:Isotopes
5852:Isotopes
5831:Isotopes
5810:Isotopes
5789:Isotopes
5768:Isotopes
5747:Isotopes
5726:Isotopes
5698:Isotopes
5677:Isotopes
5669:⑥
5647:Isotopes
5626:Isotopes
5605:Isotopes
5584:Isotopes
5563:Isotopes
5542:Isotopes
5521:Isotopes
5500:Isotopes
5479:Isotopes
5458:Isotopes
5437:Isotopes
5416:Isotopes
5395:Isotopes
5374:Isotopes
5353:Isotopes
5332:Isotopes
5309:Isotopes
5288:Isotopes
5280:⑤
5258:Isotopes
5237:Isotopes
5216:Isotopes
5195:Isotopes
5174:Isotopes
5153:Isotopes
5132:Isotopes
5111:Isotopes
5090:Isotopes
5069:Isotopes
5048:Isotopes
5027:Isotopes
5006:Isotopes
4985:Isotopes
4964:Isotopes
4943:Isotopes
4920:Isotopes
4899:Isotopes
4891:④
4869:Isotopes
4848:Isotopes
4827:Isotopes
4806:Isotopes
4785:Isotopes
4764:Isotopes
4741:Isotopes
4720:Isotopes
4712:③
4690:Isotopes
4669:Isotopes
4648:Isotopes
4627:Isotopes
4606:Isotopes
4585:Isotopes
4562:Isotopes
4541:Isotopes
4533:②
4511:Isotopes
4488:Isotopes
4480:①
4433:Alkaline
4303:Isotopes
4183:13575769
4175:11705004
4132:20350908
4095:Archived
4078:17651050
4043:28617654
3951:Medscape
3707:(2003),
3662:(2003),
3562:May 2018
3244:(PRRs).
3188:beta ray
3081:May 2018
2315:(7.51%)
2126:(23/2+)
2104:(15/2−)
2082:(19/2−)
2029:β (14%)
1847:β (16%)
1382:β (78%)
1220:β (51%)
1123:β (77%)
792:α (17%)
779:β (71%)
701:(0.50%)
654:Isotopic
635:Daughter
471:isotopes
429:abridged
134:Isotopes
109:May 2018
7109:
7088:
7067:
7046:
7025:
7004:
6983:
6962:
6941:
6920:
6899:
6878:
6857:
6836:
6817:
6801:
6780:
6759:
6738:
6717:
6696:
6675:
6654:
6633:
6612:
6591:
6570:
6549:
6528:
6488:
6467:
6437:
6416:
6395:
6374:
6353:
6332:
6311:
6290:
6269:
6248:
6227:
6206:
6185:
6164:
6143:
6122:
6094:
6073:
6043:
6022:
6001:
5980:
5959:
5938:
5917:
5896:
5875:
5854:
5833:
5812:
5791:
5770:
5749:
5728:
5700:
5679:
5649:
5628:
5607:
5586:
5565:
5544:
5523:
5502:
5481:
5460:
5439:
5418:
5397:
5376:
5355:
5334:
5311:
5290:
5260:
5239:
5218:
5197:
5176:
5155:
5134:
5113:
5092:
5071:
5050:
5029:
5008:
4987:
4966:
4945:
4922:
4901:
4871:
4850:
4829:
4808:
4787:
4766:
4743:
4722:
4692:
4671:
4650:
4629:
4608:
4587:
4564:
4543:
4513:
4490:
4336:
4305:of the
3988:1460515
3806:. 1985.
3725:Bibcode
3680:Bibcode
3544:Please
3411:) is a
3311:uranium
3298:in the
3238:ligands
3065:scholar
2757:β, 2n?
2712:β, 2n?
2669:β, 2n?
2625:β, 2n?
2581:β, 2n?
2537:β, 2n?
2457:β, 2n?
1671:1.0000
1360:21/2+#
1129:(5/2)+
637:isotope
589:Nuclide
564:thyroid
521:nuclide
513:in situ
427: (
406:126.904
93:scholar
7183:Iodine
4423:Period
4181:
4173:
4165:
4130:
4076:
4041:
4033:
3986:
3838:
3777:
3709:"The N
3664:"The N
3067:
3060:
3053:
3046:
3038:
2808:σ
2749:β, n?
2742:3/2-#
2704:β, n?
2661:β, n?
2654:7/2+#
2617:β, n?
2573:β, n?
2566:7/2+#
2529:β, n?
2486:7/2+#
2406:7/2+#
2304:7/2+#
1970:19/2−
1790:Trace
1664:Stable
1139:(23%)
1051:5/2+#
984:β, p?
948:β, α?
933:5/2+#
852:β, p?
837:5/2+#
720:β, p?
648:parity
475:iodine
421:126.90
360:synth
334:synth
290:stable
263:synth
236:synth
140:
138:iodine
95:
88:
81:
74:
66:
4321:Group
4179:S2CID
4015:(1).
3970:(PDF)
3915:(PDF)
3804:CIAAW
3711:UBASE
3666:UBASE
3508:2.177
3335:ionic
3331:anion
3302:, in
3296:xenon
3072:JSTOR
3058:books
2442:(2−)
2378:(3−)
2348:(1−)
2276:(6−)
2250:(1−)
2218:7/2+
2178:(8)−
2156:(4)+
2060:7/2+
2022:(8−)
1948:7/2+
1894:(8−)
1787:7/2+
1755:(6)−
1668:5/2+
1582:5/2+
1520:5/2+
1466:(8+)
1338:5/2+
1310:(7−)
1226:5/2+
1190:(7−)
1168:(2−)
1101:(7−)
1015:(7−)
785:(1+)
627:Decay
413:0.000
307:1.614
302:trace
286:100%
207:synth
161:Decay
100:JSTOR
86:books
7122:102
7101:101
7080:100
6501:120
6480:119
6450:118
6429:117
6408:116
6387:115
6366:114
6345:113
6324:112
6303:111
6282:110
6261:109
6240:108
6219:107
6198:106
6177:105
6156:104
6135:103
4171:PMID
4163:ISSN
4128:PMID
4074:PMID
4039:PMID
4031:ISSN
3984:PMID
3836:ISSN
3775:ISBN
3623:, a
3621:SSKI
3598:MIBG
3443:MIBG
3384:MIBG
3313:and
3307:muon
3153:The
3147:and
3129:MIBG
3044:news
2937:Has
2774:view
2610:1−#
2522:2−#
1197:IT?
1022:IT?
881:1+#
691:1+#
643:Spin
629:mode
458:edit
451:talk
444:view
425:0.01
346:100%
222:100%
190:mode
72:news
7059:99
7038:98
7017:97
6996:96
6975:95
6954:94
6933:93
6912:92
6891:91
6870:90
6849:89
6814:70
6793:69
6772:68
6751:67
6730:66
6709:65
6688:64
6667:63
6646:62
6625:61
6604:60
6583:59
6562:58
6541:57
6497:Ubn
6476:Uue
6107:88
6086:87
6056:86
6035:85
6014:84
5993:83
5972:82
5951:81
5930:80
5909:79
5888:78
5867:77
5846:76
5825:75
5804:74
5783:73
5762:72
5741:71
5713:56
5692:55
5662:54
5641:53
5620:52
5599:51
5578:50
5557:49
5536:48
5515:47
5494:46
5473:45
5452:44
5431:43
5410:42
5389:41
5368:40
5347:39
5324:38
5303:37
5273:36
5252:35
5231:34
5210:33
5189:32
5168:31
5147:30
5126:29
5105:28
5084:27
5063:26
5042:25
5021:24
5000:23
4979:22
4958:21
4935:20
4914:19
4884:18
4863:17
4842:16
4821:15
4800:14
4779:13
4756:12
4735:11
4705:10
4155:doi
4120:doi
4066:doi
4021:doi
3927:doi
3888:doi
3828:doi
3733:doi
3721:729
3688:doi
3676:729
3548:by
3506:of
3493:".
3165:or
3107:or
3027:by
2857:IT:
2847:EC:
2760:Xe
2752:Xe
2739:Xe
2736:β?
2726:94
2723:53
2715:Xe
2707:Xe
2695:Xe
2683:93
2680:53
2672:Xe
2664:Xe
2651:Xe
2639:92
2636:53
2628:Xe
2620:Xe
2607:Xe
2595:91
2592:53
2584:Xe
2576:Xe
2563:Xe
2551:90
2548:53
2540:Xe
2532:Xe
2519:Xe
2507:89
2504:53
2496:Xe
2483:Xe
2471:88
2468:53
2460:Xe
2452:Xe
2439:Xe
2427:87
2424:53
2416:Xe
2403:Xe
2391:86
2388:53
2372:IT
2358:Xe
2345:Xe
2333:85
2330:53
2311:β,
2301:Xe
2289:84
2286:53
2231:83
2228:53
2201:82
2198:53
2139:81
2136:53
2120:IT
2098:IT
2076:IT
2057:Xe
2045:80
2042:53
2000:4+
1983:79
1980:53
1964:IT
1931:78
1928:53
1916:6−
1910:IT
1888:IT
1872:6−
1866:IT
1840:2+
1818:5+
1801:77
1798:53
1770:76
1767:53
1749:IT
1733:4−
1727:IT
1699:1+
1682:75
1679:53
1657:74
1654:53
1644:3+
1638:IT
1612:2−
1595:73
1592:53
1574:EC
1565:72
1562:53
1550:2−
1533:71
1530:53
1512:EC
1503:70
1500:53
1488:8−
1482:IT
1460:IT
1444:7−
1438:IT
1422:7−
1416:IT
1390:1+
1373:69
1370:53
1354:IT
1335:Te
1323:68
1320:53
1286:3+
1280:IT
1264:2−
1247:67
1244:53
1236:Te
1223:Te
1211:66
1208:53
1187:Te
1165:Te
1153:65
1150:53
1142:Te
1126:Te
1114:64
1111:53
1095:IT
1079:1+
1076:Te
1064:63
1061:53
1048:Te
1036:62
1033:53
1012:Te
1009:β?
995:Sb
987:Sb
977:1+
974:Te
962:61
959:53
951:Sn
943:Sb
930:Te
918:60
915:53
907:Sb
899:Sn
891:Sb
878:Te
866:59
863:53
855:Te
847:Sb
834:Te
822:58
819:53
811:Sn
803:Sb
795:Sb
782:Te
770:57
767:53
759:Sb
746:Te
734:56
731:53
723:Sb
715:Te
704:Te
688:Sb
673:55
670:53
645:and
534:of
473:of
183:1/2
136:of
55:by
7174::
7118:No
7097:Md
7076:Fm
7055:Es
7034:Cf
7013:Bk
6992:Cm
6971:Am
6950:Pu
6929:Np
6887:Pa
6866:Th
6845:Ac
6810:Yb
6789:Tm
6768:Er
6747:Ho
6726:Dy
6705:Tb
6684:Gd
6663:Eu
6642:Sm
6621:Pm
6600:Nd
6579:Pr
6558:Ce
6537:La
6446:Og
6425:Ts
6404:Lv
6383:Mc
6362:Fl
6341:Nh
6320:Cn
6299:Rg
6278:Ds
6257:Mt
6236:Hs
6215:Bh
6194:Sg
6173:Db
6152:Rf
6131:Lr
6103:Ra
6082:Fr
6052:Rn
6031:At
6010:Po
5989:Bi
5968:Pb
5947:Tl
5926:Hg
5905:Au
5884:Pt
5863:Ir
5842:Os
5821:Re
5779:Ta
5758:Hf
5737:Lu
5709:Ba
5688:Cs
5658:Xe
5616:Te
5595:Sb
5574:Sn
5553:In
5532:Cd
5511:Ag
5490:Pd
5469:Rh
5448:Ru
5427:Tc
5406:Mo
5385:Nb
5364:Zr
5320:Sr
5299:Rb
5269:Kr
5248:Br
5227:Se
5206:As
5185:Ge
5164:Ga
5143:Zn
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