591:
796:
Sardar Patel dated 7 October 1948 in which he wrote, "With the taking over of the State forces by the Indian
Government, it was agreed that steps would be taken to reorganise and rebuild our army so that when the present emergency is over and the Indian forces are withdrawn the State will be left with a proper organised army of its own to fall back upon." (Sheikh Abdullah has alleged that most of the Muslim soldiers of the Militia were either discharged or imprisoned before his arrest in 1953. The Militia (dubbed as Dagan Brigade) was converted from a State Militia to a regular unit of the Indian Army on 2 December 1972 and redesignated the
651:
994:
121:
954:
715:. He was released after serving his sentence on 24 February 1939 and accorded a grand reception by the people of Srinagar on his return. Speeches were made at the reception stressing the importance of unity among Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs. Subsequently the resolution for changing the name of Muslim Conference to National Conference was ratified with an overwhelming majority by the General Council of the Muslim Conference on 11 June 1939 and from that date Muslim Conference became National Conference.
826:
738:
612:
Hassan Shah
Naqshbandi, Mirwaiz Kashmir, Molvi Ahmad-Ullah, Mirwaiz Hamadani, Agha Syed Hussain Shah Jalali, Mufti Sharif-ud-din, Molvi Atiq-Ullah and Haji Jafar Khan. According to Abdullah Sheikh this effort was not successful because of the unfavourable reception of the idea by the non-Muslim parties. Sheikh Abdullah campaigned to change the name of the Muslim Conference to National Conference, under the influence of among others
43:
525:
3293:
812:
police administration failed. The
Maharaja, in the dead of the night, left the capital along with his courtiers, and the result was absolute panic. There was no one to take over control. In that hour of crisis, the National Conference came forward with 10,000 volunteers and took over the administration of .
1071:
The government of
Pakistan in 1947 viewed Abdullah and his party as agents of Nehru and did not recognise his leadership of Kashmir. He spoke against Pakistani government in United Nations by comparing it with Hitler's rule, and he also endorsed Indian stand on Jammu and Kashmir. However, there was a
1022:
was written by the noted
Kashmiri author M.Y. Taing and published after Sheikh Abdullah's death. It is often referred to as his autobiography as Taing claimed that he only acted as an amanuensis. It is based on extensive interviews that Taing had with Sheikh Abdullah and provides valuable information
911:
also sent telegrams to Nehru and Sheikh
Abdullah with the message that as Pakistan too was a party to the Kashmir dispute any resolution of the conflict without its participation would not be acceptable to Pakistan. This paved the way for Sheikh Abdullah's visit to Pakistan to help broker a solution
483:
and
Padshanama. This was followed by a primary school run by the Anjuman Nusrat-ul-Islam, however the low standards of education resulted in Abdullah shifting to the district school at Visrarnaag. After five grades here he shifted to Government High School, Dilawar Bagh. He had to walk the distance
811:
While the raiders came to our land, massacred thousands of people — mostly Hindus and Sikhs, but
Muslims too — abducted thousands of girls, Hindu, Sikhs and Muslims alike, looted our property and almost reached the gates of our summer capital, Srinagar, the result was that the civil, military and
710:
He presented these demands to the
Maharajah in a speech on 28 August 1938. The Maharajah was not willing to accept these demands and so he along with many of his companions was arrested for defying prohibitory orders and sentenced to six months imprisonment and a fine. His arrest provoked a public
980:
Over the years, especially after the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 and the subsequent Simla
Agreement of 1972, the focus on the plebiscite diminished. The political realities shifted towards maintaining the status quo, with India and Pakistan managing their respective parts of Kashmir. The political
616:. After a prolonged and vigorous campaign a special session of the Muslim Conference held in June 1939 voted to change the name of the party to National Conference. Of the 176 members attending the session, 172 members voted in favour of the resolution. According to Sheikh Abdullah the support of
611:
In March 1933 the Muslim Conference constituted a committee which included Molvi Abdullah and nine other members for the purpose of establishing contacts with non-Muslim parties and exploring the possibility of forming a joint organisation. Those nine members were Khwaja Saad-ud-din Shawl, Khwaja
564:
Reading Room Party was given in 1930 and Sheikh Abdullah became the Secretary of the party. During Abdullah's time the reading room party was located in the house of Mufti Ziauddin. For Abdullah, "the establishment of reading room(s) was an excuse"; rather it was an opportunity to get together to
984:
The Indira–Sheikh Accord of 1975 was a result of prolonged negotiations where Sheikh Abdullah agreed to accept the position of Chief Minister under the Indian Constitution, effectively dropping the demand for a plebiscite. He became CM with support of INC which had 61 out of 75 seats in assembly
795:
even before the Indian troops had landed. This group of volunteers would serve as the nucleus for the subsequent formation of Jammu and Kashmir Militia. This, Sheikh Abdullah hoped, would take over the defence of Kashmir after the Indian army was withdrawn. This was articulated in his letter to
770:
n consistence with their policy that in the case of any State where the issue of accession has been the subject of dispute, the question of accession should be decided in accordance with the wishes of the people of the State, it is my Government's wish that, as soon as law and order have been
981:
climate in J&K had also evolved, with new leaders and parties emerging, and the National Conference (NC) losing its dominant position. Also, evident from the fact that his party who won 70 out of 75 seats in state election in 1962 won only 8 seats in 1967 while 0 seats in 1972 election.
628:
As a result of the 1931 agitation, the Maharajah appointed a Grievances Commission with an Englishman B.J. Glancy as president who submitted its report in March 1932. Subsequently, a Constitutional Reforms Conference also presided over by B.J. Glancy recommended the setting up of an elected
607:
for the rights of all oppressed sections of the society and not Muslims alone. It was not a communal party and would struggle for the rights of the oppressed, whether Hindu, Muslim or Sikh, with the same fervor. He reasserted that the struggle of Kashmiris was not a communal struggle.
1080:
had denounced Sheikh Abdullah as a turncoat and traitor. Chaudhary Ghulam Abbas embraced him and in his speech described him as one of the greatest leaders of the subcontinent and a great benefactor of the Muslims of the subcontinent. President Ayub Khan and his then Foreign minister
1112:
The birth anniversary of Abdullah was a public holiday in the state until 2019. "Sher-e-Kashmir" has been dropped from a number of places, including a conference hall, the state award and police medal. There are a number of institutions and buildings named after him, such as the
568:
One of the first incidents which led Abdullah's Reading Room Party to gain wider recognition was after writing a letter to the government related to government recruitment policies. Subsequently they were called to present their views in front of the Regency Council headed by
944:
was also banned. This was allegedly done to prevent him and the Plebiscite Front which was supported by him from taking part in elections in Kashmir. Again, he was exiled from Kashmir in 1971-72 for 18 months, during which period the Indo-Pak war of 1971 came to be waged.
3085:(Annotated 2015 edition with 38 References and 650 footnotes is available at http:// books.google.co.in.It has chapters on The Kashmir Committee, Jinnah's first visit to Kashmir, and describes errors of omission and commission in Atish e Chinar all for the first time.)
924:
in Pakistan-administered Kashmir when he received the news. He addressed a public rally at Muzaffarabad in Pakistan-administered Kashmir and returned to Delhi. On his suggestion, President Ayub Khan sent a high level Pakistani delegation led by his Foreign Minister
602:
with Sheikh Abdullah as president, Chaudhary Ghulam Abbas as general secretary, and Molvi Abdul Rahim as Secretary was formed on 16 October 1932. In his presidential address Sheikh Abdullah categorically stated that the Muslim Conference had come into existence to
633:). Consequently, a Praja Sabha with 33 elected and 42 nominated members elected on the basis of separate electorates for Hindus and Muslims was established in 1934. Women and illiterate men without sufficient property, or title, or annual income of less than 400
552:
In the 1920s there were a couple of 'reading rooms' in Srinagar which consisted of the educated youth of the area and could only be formed after acquiring the permission of the government. Forming political associations the time was banned. In 1922,
906:
After his release he was reconciled with Nehru. Nehru requested Sheikh Abdullah to act as a bridge between India and Pakistan and make President Ayub to agree to come to New Delhi for talks for a final solution of the Kashmir problem. President
423:
was appointed the new prime minister. The expressions 'Sadr-i-Riyasat' and 'Prime Minister' were replaced with the terms 'Governor' and 'Chief Minister' in 1965. Sheikh Abdullah again became the Chief Minister of the state following the
2702:
919:
in mid June for talks with Nehru as suggested by him. Even the date of his proposed visit was fixed and communicated to New Delhi. However, before Ayub Khan could make his visit, Nehru died on 27 May 1964. The Sheikh was en route to
1023:
on Sheikh Abdullah's family background, early life, ringside glimpses of happenings in Kashmir at a crucial juncture in its history, and his viewpoint about the political events in Kashmir in which he himself played a central role.
2817:
882:
and his dissident cabinet minister Bakshi Ghulam Mohammed was appointed as prime minister. Sheikh Abdullah was immediately arrested and later jailed for eleven years, accused of conspiracy against the state in the infamous
711:
agitation in which volunteers called Dictators (so called because they had the authority to defy laws that was forbidden for normal law-abiding party members) courted arrest. This agitation was called off on the appeal of
2641:
1085:
discussed the Kashmir problem with him. The government of Pakistan treated him as a state guest. Sheikh Abdullah had the rare distinction of having poems in his praise written by three major Pakistani Urdu poets namely
723:
In May 1946 Sheikh Abdullah launched the Quit Kashmir agitation against Maharajah Hari Singh and was arrested and sentenced to three years imprisonment but was released only sixteen months later on 29 September 1947.
1001:
He assumed the position of Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir. The Central Government and the ruling Congress Party withdrew its support so that the State Assembly had to be dissolved and mid term elections called.
898:
in support of his statement. A. G. Noorani writing in Frontline supports this view, as according to him Nehru himself ordered the arrest. On 8 April 1964, the state government dropped all charges in the so-called
3021:
573:
in October 1930. This was one of the first interactions of Sheikh Abdullah with the government and the favourable impression that Abdullah had left on Wakefield helped push his name into the public limelight.
690:
He introduced a resolution in the working committee of the Muslim Conference for changing its name to National Conference on 24 June 1938 to allow people from all communities to join the struggle against the
759:
I may also inform your Excellency's Government that it is my intention at once to set up an interim Government and ask Sheikh Abdullah to carry the responsibilities in this emergency with my Prime Minister.
1114:
586:
and lawyer Molvi Abdullah. Molvi Abdullah's son Molvi Abdul Rahim, Sheikh Abdullah and Ghulam Nabi Gilkar were the first three educated Kashmiri youth to be arrested during the public agitation of 1931.
594:
Sheikh Abdullah with other leaders of 1931 agitation. Sitting R to L: Sardar Gohar Rehman, Mistri Yaqoob Ali, Sheikh Abdullah, Chaudhary Ghulam Abbas. Standing R: Molvi Abdul Rahim, L:Ghulam Nabi Gilkar
791:
He raised a force of local Kashmiri volunteers to patrol Srinagar and take control of administration after the flight of the Maharaja along with his family and Prime Minister Meher Chand Mahajan to
2581:
915:
Sheikh Abdullah went to Pakistan in spring of 1964. President Ayub Khan of Pakistan held extensive talks with him to explore various avenues for solving the Kashmir problem and agreed to come to
1072:
change in Pakistan's viewpoint with the passage of time. When he visited Pakistan in 1964 he was awarded a tumultuous welcome by the people of Pakistan. Among the persons who received him was
440:, a suburb on the outskirts of Srinagar, two weeks after the death of his father Sheikh Mohammed Ibrahim. As claimed by him in his autobiography Aatish-e-Chinar, his great- grandfather was a
2694:
1357:
419:
and Jammu & Kashmir as a State and was later jailed by Indian government citing his support to Insurgents. He was dismissed from the position of Prime Ministership on 8 August 1953 and
3429:
1005:
The National Conference won an overwhelming majority in the subsequent elections and re-elected Sheikh Abdullah as Chief Minister. He remained as Chief Minister till his death in 1982.
2831:
878:, son of the erstwhile Maharajah Hari Singh, on the charge that he had lost the confidence of his cabinet (not the house). He was denied the opportunity to prove his majority on the
2942:
Volume 17 – Issue 19, 16–29 September, (Discusses illegality of Central Govt and Parliament's Actions in amending Article 370 without concurrence of Constituent Assembly of Kashmir)
557:
set up the Islamia School Old Boys Association (a reading room) with 20 members as part of the leadership, including Sheikh Abdullah. At this time Abdullah was still in college.
1196:
788:
issued by the Maharaja which was undated except for the mention of October 1947 in place of the date. He took charge as Head of the Emergency Administration on 30 October 1947.
2633:
504:, a leading college of Kashmir. His aim was to go into the medical profession at the time. However, circumstances not permitting, he decided to try to study general science at
3281:
1975:
2097:
3434:
2550:
695:
rule of the Maharaja. Meanwhile, he along with his liberal progressive friends, many of whom were not Muslim like Kashyap Bandhu, Jia Lal Kilam, Pandit Sudama Sidha,
1715:
3414:
775:
My Government and I note with satisfaction that your Highness has decided to invite Sheikh Abdullah to form an Interim Government to work with your Prime Minister
528:
Kashmiri polymath and lawyer Molvi Abdullah. His lectures motivated Abdullah Sheikh and other educated Muslim youth to struggle for justice and fundamental rights
2611:
484:
of ten miles to school and back on foot, but in his own words, the joy of being allowed to obtain a school education made it seem a light work. He passed his
3404:
2959:(Provides evidence of Nehru's role in dismissal and arrest of Sheikh Abdullah. B.N. Mullick was head of Indian Intelligence Bureau at the time of his arrest)
544:
was responsible for the miseries of the Kashmiris and like all progressive nations of the world Kashmir too should have a democratically elected government.
764:
Lord Mountbatten accepted the accession after a meeting of the Defence Committee on 26 October 1947. In accepting the accession unconditionally he wrote, "
707:(New Kashmir) Manifesto (which was a charter of demands for granting a democratic constitution committed to the welfare of the common people of Kashmir).
76:
2573:
3274:
3259:
700:
3146:'s role in establishing modern filatures in Kashmir and his dream of making Kashmir a competitor for China and Japan in the international silk market.
1987:
3419:
781:
and prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, was a key factor in getting Sheikh Abdullah appointed as Head of the emergency administration by the Maharaja.
1990:. Text Of Letter Dated 26 October 1947 From Hari Singh, The Maharaja Of Jammu & Kashmir to Lord Mountbatten, The then Governor General of India.
647:
on the basis of universal adult suffrage. Sheikh Abdullah's Government had been accused of rigging in these elections to the constituent assembly.
2907:
2882:
1346:
1008:
Abdullah, described as a six feet four inches (1.93 m) to six feet six inches (1.98 m) tall man, was fluent in both
2002:
640:
Even after the formation of Praja Sabha in 1934 as recommended by the Commission real power continued to remain in the hands of the Maharajah.
771:
restored in Kashmir and its soil cleared of the invader, the question of the State's accession should be settled by a reference to the people.
3444:
3424:
3394:
3267:
561:
1118:
394:
1291:
1185:
3399:
2800:
1494:
3389:
3068:
3039:(URDU). Muhafiz Publications Srinagar Volume 2 gives an account of events in Kashmir from 1932 to 1946 as seen by a local journalist.
903:. Sheikh Abdullah was released and returned to Srinagar where he was accorded an unprecedented welcome by the people of the valley."
2949:
Volume 23 – Issue 15 :: 29 July 11 August 2006 (Discusses Nehru's role in arrest of Sheikh Abdullah and erosion of Article 370)
3439:
17:
741:
Sheikh Mohammed Abdullah (right), chosen to head interim government in Kashmir, confers with Sardar Patel, deputy premier of India
671:
599:
386:
2672:
637:
did not have the right to vote. Roughly less than 10% (according to Justice Anand only 3%) of the population were enfranchised.
3409:
1686:
325:
262:
3128:
3082:
2985:
2861:
2542:
1727:
1698:
1578:
1551:
1323:
505:
390:
766:
I do hereby accept this Instrument of Accession. Dated this twenty seventh day of October, nineteen hundred and forty seven.
3379:
3297:
3164:
3139:
3088:
2846:
Often referred to as Sheikh Abdullah's autobiography. It has not been copyrighted in deference to Sheikh Abdullah's wishes.
3241:
3214:
3187:
890:
According to Sheikh Abdullah his dismissal and arrest were engineered by the central government headed by Prime Minister
416:
218:
178:
136:
3289:
53:
3384:
2779:
298:
3106:
3051:
3006:
1633:
1605:
1474:
94:
2603:
643:
Seventeen years later in 1951, the government of Kashmir with Sheikh Abdullah as prime minister held elections to a
797:
31:
973:
broke out on the western border of India between India and Pakistan, both of which culminated in the creation of
932:
After Nehru's death in 1964, Sheikh Abdullah was again interned from 1965 to 1968. The internment was ordered by
804:
590:
62:
3143:
382:
1201:
3013:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1503:
3160:
2924:
2899:
1500:
1374:
1211:
970:
335:
1999:
837:
962:
750:
679:
533:
513:
366:
314:
2976:. Vol. I: A-ak Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago, Illinois: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. pp.
2795:
Ankit, Rakesh. "Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah of Kashmir, 1965–1975: From Externment to Enthronement."
663:
425:
72:
1489:
Rakesh Ankit, "Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah of Kashmir, 1965–1975: From Externment to Enthronement."
1387:
Guha, Ramachandra. "Opening a window in Kashmir." Economic and Political Weekly (2004): 3905-3913.
1206:
1170:
1148:
1094:
who admired his lifelong struggle against injustice and for democratic rights of the common man.
900:
884:
754:
58:
2327:
3197:
2977:
2968:
2695:"Independence Day: 100-ft Tricolour hoisted in Srinagar; no internet suspension for first time"
1122:
1103:
1050:
wife Mirjan. Michael Harry Nedou was himself the proprietor of hotels at the tourist resort of
509:
420:
381:(5 December 1905 – 8 September 1982) was an Indian politician who played a central role in the
362:
211:
2436:
1313:
3333:
3308:
1073:
662:
Sheikh Abdullah was introduced to Jawaharlal Nehru in 1937 and as he too was a leader of the
617:
2851:
753:
for Indian military aid. In his accession offer dated 26 October 1947 which accompanied The
3374:
3369:
3328:
1252:
644:
476:
349:
2906:
1515:
784:
As a consequence, Sheikh Abdullah was appointed head of an emergency administration by an
8:
3234:
3224:
2750:
2574:"J&K Drops Martyr's Day, Sheikh Abdullah Birth Anniversary From Public Holidays List"
1144:
1082:
933:
926:
582:
Sheikh Abdullah and his colleagues were greatly influenced by the lectures of a Kashmiri
68:
2604:"J&K: Leaders Criticise Move to Drop 'Sher-e-Kashmir' from Conference Centre's Name"
3180:
1444:
1175:
993:
879:
712:
655:
570:
554:
501:
464:
244:
650:
120:
3135:
3124:
3102:
3078:
3064:
3047:
3002:
2994:
2981:
2952:
2918:
2893:
2857:
2664:
1723:
1694:
1629:
1601:
1574:
1547:
1470:
1436:
1368:
1356:. Eminent Parliamentarians Monograph Series. Lok Sabha Secretariat, New Delhi. 1990.
1319:
1087:
1009:
489:
221:
2913:. Eminent Parliamentarians Monograph Series. Lok Sabha Secretariat, New Delhi. 1990.
2888:. Eminent Parliamentarians Monograph Series. Lok Sabha Secretariat, New Delhi. 1990.
953:
3338:
2098:"Excerpts of Sheikh Abdullah's February 5, 1948, speech in the UN Security Council"
1428:
1417:"Explaining the Kashmir Insurgency: Political Mobilization and Institutional Decay"
1180:
1140:
941:
891:
746:
613:
472:
441:
3323:
3251:
3156:
2006:
1595:
1568:
1541:
1239:
Ali claims she was married in 1928 to an Arab Karam Shah who disappeared after a
1091:
1027:
696:
437:
345:
294:
170:
3348:
3313:
3207:
3094:
2018:
1248:
1018:
867:
778:
675:
620:
of Jammu was very important in motivating the members to vote for this change.
604:
2725:
1976:
Maharaja Hari Singh's letter requesting Indian Assistance against tribal raids
1255:
officer. He claims that Akbar Jehan was divorced by her first husband in 1929.
3363:
3343:
1462:
1440:
1397:
1157:
1125:. A name change for the stadium has also been aired however not implemented.
966:
937:
871:
785:
667:
541:
537:
516:. The political exposure in Lahore and Aligarh would inspire his later life.
485:
480:
457:
2775:
1115:
Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir
2963:
2870:
1720:
The Making of Modern Kashmir: Sheikh Abdullah and the Politics of the State
1137:
921:
704:
2087:
PIB Press release Press Information Bureau Govt of India 16 September 2004
1744:
1143:
directed by Zul Vellani covers his life and works. It was produced by the
737:
512:
and graduated from there. In 1930, he obtained an M.Sc. in Chemistry from
1621:
1193:– a socio-cultural ethos of religious harmony and Kashmiri consciousness.
1190:
1152:
1039:
875:
630:
536:, he came in contact with and was influenced by persons with liberal and
2665:"Sher-i-Kashmir Cricket Stadium Likely to be Renamed after Sardar Patel"
969:
between Pakistan and Bangladesh joined later by India, and subsequently
825:
456:
preacher. His father had been a middle class manufacturer and trader of
3112:
2810:
2726:"Govt's name-changing spree in Kashmir "too small an issue" for people"
1691:
Sheikh Abdullah-A Biography: The Crucial Period 1905-1939. 2019 Edition
1570:
Sheikh Abdullah-A Biography: The Crucial Period 1905-1939. 2019 Edition
1448:
1416:
1292:"MOHAMMAD ABDULLAH DIES; LED INDIA'S STATE OF KASHMIR (Published 1982)"
974:
692:
401:
357:
3056:
2634:"Jammu and Kashmir drops 'Sher-e-Kashmir' from name of police medals"
1230:
The Regency Council represented the state in the absence of the king.
1076:
his once colleague and later political enemy who earlier in his book
1055:
948:
908:
405:
3134:
Brenda M King (2005): "Silk and empire" Manchester University Press
2009:. Jammu-kashmir.com (26 October 1947). Retrieved on 7 December 2018.
1432:
957:
Sheikh Abdullah addressing a gathering at Lal Chowk Srinagar in 1975
42:
1240:
929:
along with him to take part in the last rites of Jawaharlal Nehru.
583:
398:
310:
1155:
portrayed Abdullah in the 2013 Indian docudrama television series
1108:
Sheikh Abdullah has been called the "Architect of Modern Kashmir".
757:
duly signed by him on 26 October 1947, Maharaja Hari Singh wrote "
397:
after its accession to India. He agitated against the rule of the
1516:
Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah: A Profile, Lok Sabha Secretariat (1990)
1051:
1043:
524:
467:
in 1909, when he was four, where he learnt the recitation of the
428:
and remained in the top slot till his death on 8 September 1982.
409:
2522:
2401:
2338:
2268:
2220:
2208:
2168:
2166:
2151:
2115:
2048:
2024:
1957:
1873:
1780:
1467:
Article 370 : a constitutional history of Jammu and Kashmir
866:
On 8 August 1953 he was dismissed as prime minister by the then
1197:
List of political parties in Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)
1047:
1746:
Emergence and Role of Muslim Conference in Kashmir (1932-1939)
773:" Also in his letter to the Maharaja, Lord Mountbatten wrote "
3292:
2163:
1654:
916:
792:
634:
468:
449:
445:
3430:
Chief ministers from Jammu & Kashmir National Conference
2510:
2489:
2450:
2256:
2244:
2232:
2196:
2139:
2127:
2069:
2036:
1945:
1897:
1885:
1816:
1804:
1792:
1752:. Department of History, University of Kashmir. p. 147.
1666:
1402:
The Myth of Indian Claim to Jammu and Kashmir: A Reappraisal
2853:
Sheikh Abdullah – A Biography: The Crucial Period 1905–1939
1978:. Satp.org (26 October 1947). Retrieved on 7 December 2018.
1768:
1756:
1013:
453:
3075:
Sheikh Abdullah – A biography:The Crucial Period 1905–1939
2945:
A.G. Noorani (2006), "Nehru's legacy in foreign affairs".
1642:
1539:
1521:
2830:(in Urdu), Srinagar: Shaukat Publications, archived from
2288:
Kashmir in Conflict: India, Pakistan and the Unending War
2021:. Rediff.com (2 June 1999). Retrieved on 7 December 2018.
1469:(1. publ. ed.). New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
3121:
Ravinderjit Kaur (1998): "Political Awakening In Kashmir
2000:
Acceptance Of Accession By The Governor General Of India
2908:"Part 1. His Life. Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah: A Profile"
1058:
claims that Abdullah was Akbar Jehan's second husband.
894:. He has quoted B. N. Mullicks' statements in his book
1566:
816:
2938:
A.G. Noorani (2000), "Article370: Law and Politics".
508:. He was denied admission. Then he took admission in
2413:
2363:
3435:
Jammu & Kashmir National Conference politicians
768:" In the covering letter to Hari Singh, he wrote "I
732:
415:He served as the 1st elected Prime Minister of the
2967:
2805:Guha, Ramachandra. "Opening a window in Kashmir."
2543:"Sheikh Abdullah: The Architect of Modern Kashmir"
1593:
949:After Indo-Pakistan war and creation of Bangladesh
27:Indian politician in Jammu and Kashmir (1905–1982)
2019:Rediff On The NeT Special: The Real Kashmir Story
1587:
463:He was first admitted to a traditional school or
3361:
1597:Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah: Tragic Hero of Kashmir
1030:was elected as the Chief Minister of the State.
57:, potentially preventing the article from being
3415:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Urdu
3011:
1626:Paradise at War: A Political History of Kashmir
436:Sheikh Abdullah was born on 5 December 1905 in
2776:"Pradhanmantri - Episode 3 - Story of Kashmir"
3275:
2850:Hussain, Syed Taffazull (23 November 2013) ,
2815:
2528:
2516:
2495:
2456:
2407:
2344:
2274:
2262:
2250:
2238:
2226:
2214:
2202:
2172:
2157:
2145:
2133:
2121:
2075:
2054:
2042:
2030:
1988:Accession Of Jammu And Kashmir State To India
1963:
1951:
1903:
1891:
1879:
1843:Regulation No1. of Samvat1991 (22 April 1934)
1822:
1810:
1798:
1786:
1774:
1762:
1672:
1660:
1648:
1527:
682:the two became friends and political allies.
500:After matriculation he obtained admission in
460:. Abdullah was the youngest of six siblings.
3405:Members of the Constituent Assembly of India
2303:. Harvard University Press, 2005, pp. 79–81.
1311:
1119:Sher-e-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences
30:For other people named Sheikh Abdullah, see
2751:"Flame Of The Chinar, The | Films Division"
2319:
1560:
1307:
1305:
1186:Instrument of Accession (Jammu and Kashmir)
1161:, which covered the tenures of Indian PMs.
666:was demanding similar rights for people of
385:. Abdullah was the founding leader of the
3282:
3268:
2316:. Tulika Books, 2013, Vol. 2, pp. 316–318.
2301:Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace
1042:, the daughter of Michael Harry Nedou, of
119:
77:reliable, independent, third-party sources
3157:Newspaper clippings about Sheikh Abdullah
3091:(undated): (retrieved on 5 November 2008)
3089:APHC: White Paper On Elections in Kashmir
2640:. Press Trust of India. 26 January 2020.
2434:
1870:APHC: White Paper on Elections In Kashmir
718:
149:25 February 1975 – 26 March 1977
95:Learn how and when to remove this message
3420:Prisoners and detainees of British India
1685:Hussain, Syed Taffazull (13 July 2019).
1315:Kashmir: Its Aborigines and Their Exodus
1302:
992:
952:
736:
649:
589:
523:
191:31 October 1951 – 9 August 1953
125:Sheikh Abdullah on a 1988 stamp of India
71:by replacing them with more appropriate
2962:
2849:
2816:Abdullah, Sheikh; Taing, M. Y. (1985),
2419:
2358:The Kashmir of Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah
2325:
1714:Para, Altaf Hussain (7 December 2018).
1684:
1567:Syed Taffazull Hussain (13 July 2019).
1461:
1414:
387:All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference
326:Jammu & Kashmir National Conference
263:Jammu & Kashmir National Conference
234:5 March 1948 – 31 October 1951
160:9 July 1977 – 8 September 1982
54:too closely associated with the subject
14:
3362:
2869:
2662:
2369:
1543:Flames of the Chinar: An Autobiography
685:
3263:
2999:The Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir
2705:from the original on 22 December 2021
2584:from the original on 29 December 2019
2571:
2553:from the original on 30 December 2021
2541:Para, Altaf Hussain (14 March 2015).
2430:
2428:
1620:
1363:from the original on 28 January 2021.
1128:
861:
856:
727:
623:
547:
519:
391:Jammu and Kashmir National Conference
3395:Chief ministers of Jammu and Kashmir
3298:Chief Ministers of Jammu and Kashmir
3117:Sheikh Abdullah: his life and ideals
3099:Pakistan Between Mosque and Military
2723:
2675:from the original on 5 November 2019
2644:from the original on 26 January 2020
2540:
2507:The WEEKLY "AAINA" 15 July 1970, p19
2394:Hugh Tinker, "Accursed Paradise" in
2326:Noorani, A. G. (16 September 2000),
1924:Rasheed Taseer (1973) vol2, p314-383
1713:
1318:. Lancer Publishers. pp. 185–.
1277:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1046:and British descent, and his Muslim
997:Sheikh Abdullah's funeral procession
820:
672:All India States Peoples' Conference
598:Kashmir's first political party the
577:
540:ideas. He became convinced that the
412:.He is also known as Sher-e-Kashmir
36:
3242:Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir
3215:Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir
3188:Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir
3024:from the original on 9 January 2009
3014:"The Nedous and Lawrence of Arabia"
2572:Ahmad, Mudasir (28 December 2019).
1540:Mohammad Abdullah (Sheikh) (1993).
1026:After his death his eldest son Dr.
817:Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir
658:(centre) at Shalimar Garden in 1945
417:Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir
395:Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir
275:October 1932 – August 1981
219:Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir
179:Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir
137:Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir
24:
2782:from the original on 12 June 2021.
2663:Kathju, Junaid (4 November 2019).
2614:from the original on 10 March 2020
2435:Whitehead, Andrew (6 March 2014).
2425:
1942:Rasheed Taseer (1973) vol2, p25-40
1614:
988:
699:and Sardar Budh Singh drafted the
25:
3456:
3400:Government Islamia College alumni
3150:
2724:Huda, Kashif-ul (15 March 2020).
1742:
1404:. World Kashmir Freedom Movement.
1268:
1066:
1016:. His biography in Urdu entitled
495:
3445:Jammu and Kashmir MLAs 1977–1983
3425:Jammu and Kashmir MLAs 1972–1977
3390:Aligarh Muslim University alumni
3291:
3012:Mubashir Hassan (18 July 2008),
1628:. New Delhi: Aleph. p. 23.
1396:
1033:
824:
798:Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry
745:Maharaja Hari Singh appealed to
733:Head of emergency administration
506:Prince of Wales College in Jammu
52:may rely excessively on sources
41:
32:Sheikh Abdullah (disambiguation)
3440:Kashmiri independence activists
3073:Syed Taffazull Hussain (2009):
3001:. Universal Law Publishing Co.
2932:
2768:
2743:
2717:
2687:
2656:
2626:
2596:
2565:
2534:
2501:
2480:
2471:
2462:
2388:
2375:
2350:
2306:
2293:
2290:I.B. Tauris, 2003, pp. 131–133.
2280:
2187:
2178:
2090:
2081:
2060:
2012:
1993:
1981:
1969:
1936:
1933:Rasheed Taseer (1973) vol2, p25
1927:
1918:
1915:Rasheed Taseer (1973) vol2, p29
1909:
1864:
1855:
1846:
1837:
1828:
1736:
1707:
1678:
1600:. Lotus collection/Roli Books.
1533:
1281:Hoiberg, Dale H. (2010) p 22-23
1233:
1224:
1061:
654:Sheikh Abdullah with Nehru and
488:(standard 12) examination from
2328:"Article370: Law and Politics"
1861:Justice A.S. Anand (2006), p36
1852:Justice A.S. Anand (2006), p30
1834:Justice A.S. Anand (2006), p28
1483:
1455:
1408:
1390:
1381:
1339:
1284:
1247:reported that he was actually
452:after getting influenced by a
13:
1:
3410:People from Srinagar district
3077:. Wordclay. Indianapolis.IN.
2807:Economic and Political Weekly
2314:The Kashmir Dispute 1947–2012
1312:Tej K. Tikoo (19 July 2012).
1262:
803:Sheikh Abdullah spoke at the
703:the forerunner of the famous
674:for supporting the people of
431:
383:politics of Jammu and Kashmir
3037:Tareekh e Hurriyat e Kashmir
2877:, Princeton University Press
2486:Sandeep Bamzai (2006), p242.
1202:Outline of Jammu and Kashmir
7:
3380:20th-century Indian Muslims
3161:20th Century Press Archives
3113:Freda Marie (Houlston) Bedi
3061:The Clash of Fundamentalism
2969:"Abdullah, Sheikh Muhammad"
2437:"Srinagar: Nedou's reborn?"
2383:The Indo-Pakistani conflict
2334:, vol. 17, no. 19
1594:Ajit Bhattacharjea (2008).
1164:
1054:, and Srinagar. The writer
502:Shri Pratap (S. P.) College
10:
3461:
3101:. Vanguard Books. Lahore.
3046:Rupa & Co. New Delhi.
2883:"Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah"
2856:, Indianapolis: WordClay,
2797:Studies in Indian Politics
2778:. ABP News. 28 July 2013.
2173:Abdullah & Taing (1985
2066:Sandeep Bamzai (2006), p73
1693:. Syed Taffazull Hussain.
1573:. Syed Taffazull Hussain.
1491:Studies in Indian Politics
1347:"Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah"
1212:List of political families
1117:in Kashmir and Jammu, the
565:discuss different issues.
426:accord with Indira in 1974
336:Begum Akbar Jehan Abdullah
308:8 September 1982 (aged 76)
29:
3385:Abdullah political family
3304:
3248:
3239:
3231:
3221:
3212:
3204:
3194:
3185:
3177:
3172:
2529:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2517:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2496:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2457:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2408:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2345:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2275:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2263:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2251:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2239:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2227:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2215:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2203:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2158:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2146:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2134:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2122:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2076:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2055:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2043:Abdullah & Taing 1985
2031:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1964:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1952:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1904:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1892:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1880:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1823:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1811:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1799:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1787:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1775:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1763:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1673:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1661:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1649:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1528:Abdullah & Taing 1985
1097:
963:Bangladesh Liberation War
807:on 5 February 1948 thus:
751:Governor-General of India
680:representative government
600:Kashmir Muslim Conference
534:Aligarh Muslim University
514:Aligarh Muslim University
372:
367:Aligarh Muslim University
356:
341:
331:
321:
304:
288:
283:
279:
268:
260:
250:
238:
227:
217:
205:
195:
184:
176:
164:
153:
142:
134:
130:
118:
111:
1743:Ganai, Muhammad Yousuf.
1722:. Taylor & Francis.
1251:(Lawrence of Arabia), a
1217:
912:to the Kashmir problem.
678:in their struggle for a
664:Indian National Congress
379:Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah
348:, Suraiya Abdullah Ali,
18:Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah
3063:. Verso Books. London.
3042:Sandeep Bamzai (2006):
3035:Rasheed Taseer (1973):
2974:Encyclopædia Britannica
2701:. PTI. 15 August 2021.
2477:Tariq Ali (2003), p 230
2468:Mubashhir Hassan (2008)
1415:Ganguly, Šumit (1996).
1207:Kashmir Conspiracy Case
1171:List of Kashmiri people
1134:The Flame of the Chinar
965:broke out in erstwhile
901:Kashmir Conspiracy Case
885:Kashmir Conspiracy Case
755:Instrument of Accession
560:Permission to open the
510:Islamia College, Lahore
448:clan, who converted to
3198:Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad
2923:: CS1 maint: others (
2898:: CS1 maint: others (
2699:The New Indian Express
1421:International Security
1373:: CS1 maint: others (
1123:Sher-e-Kashmir Stadium
1104:Bakshi Ghulam Mohammed
1074:Chaudhary Ghulam Abbas
998:
958:
814:
742:
719:Quit Kashmir agitation
659:
629:Legislative Assembly (
618:Chaudhary Ghulam Abbas
595:
529:
421:Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad
393:) and the 1st elected
363:Islamia College Lahore
212:Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad
3334:Mufti Mohammad Sayeed
3309:Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq
3111:Baba Pyare Lal Bedi,
3044:Bonfire of Kashmiryat
3018:The Nation (Pakistan)
2286:Schofield, Victoria.
2005:17 March 2019 at the
996:
985:while JKNC had none.
956:
809:
740:
653:
593:
527:
3329:Ghulam Mohammad Shah
3123:. South Asia Books.
2824:Flames of the Chinar
2799:6.1 (2018): 88-102
2193:A. G. Noorani (2006)
2184:B. N. Mullick (1972)
1493:6.1 (2018): 88-102
1253:British Intelligence
645:constituent assembly
350:Sheikh Mustafa Kamal
2957:My Years with Nehru
2809:(2004): 3905-3913.
2531:, pp. 265–268.
2356:C. Bilqees Taseer,
2347:, pp. 860–882.
2277:, pp. 817–825.
2229:, pp. 774–778.
2217:, pp. 755–757.
2175:, pp. 566–567)
2160:, pp. 711–717.
2124:, pp. 593–594.
2057:, pp. 413–414.
2033:, pp. 462–464.
1966:, pp. 327–389.
1882:, pp. 226–227.
1789:, pp. 156–160.
1298:. 9 September 1982.
1145:Government of India
1083:Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
1038:In 1933 he married
934:Lal Bahadur Shastri
927:Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
896:My Years with Nehru
805:UN Security Council
686:National Conference
670:and had formed The
3181:Mehr Chand Mahajan
3173:Political offices
2995:Justice A.S. Anand
2837:on 4 December 2020
1296:The New York Times
1176:History of Kashmir
1129:In popular culture
999:
959:
880:floor of the house
862:Arrest and release
857:Return to activism
836:. You can help by
777:." The support of
743:
728:Head of Government
713:Mohandas K. Gandhi
660:
624:Electoral politics
596:
571:G. E. C. Wakefield
548:Reading Room Party
530:
520:Political activism
245:Mehr Chand Mahajan
3357:
3356:
3258:
3257:
3249:Succeeded by
3222:Succeeded by
3195:Succeeded by
3129:978-8-17024-709-8
3083:978-1-60481-309-8
3069:978 1 85984 457 1
2987:978-1-59339-837-8
2875:Danger in Kashmir
2863:978-1-60481-309-8
2755:filmsdivision.org
2610:. 10 March 2020.
1729:978-0-429-65734-4
1700:978-1-60481-603-7
1580:978-1-60481-603-7
1553:978-0-670-85318-2
1325:978-1-935501-34-3
1088:Hafeez Jullundhri
936:and continued by
854:
853:
578:Muslim Conference
490:Punjab University
477:Gulistan of Sa'di
376:
375:
315:Jammu and Kashmir
299:Jammu and Kashmir
261:President of the
222:Independent state
105:
104:
97:
16:(Redirected from
3452:
3339:Ghulam Nabi Azad
3296:
3295:
3284:
3277:
3270:
3261:
3260:
3235:President's rule
3232:Preceded by
3225:President's rule
3205:Preceded by
3178:Preceded by
3170:
3169:
3142:. Describes Sir
3140:978-07190-6701-3
3032:
3031:
3029:
2991:
2971:
2964:Hoiberg, Dale H.
2928:
2922:
2914:
2912:
2903:
2897:
2889:
2887:
2878:
2866:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2836:
2829:
2784:
2783:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2747:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2736:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2569:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2538:
2532:
2526:
2520:
2514:
2508:
2505:
2499:
2493:
2487:
2484:
2478:
2475:
2469:
2466:
2460:
2454:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2432:
2423:
2417:
2411:
2405:
2399:
2398:, Volume 6, p.25
2392:
2386:
2379:
2373:
2367:
2361:
2354:
2348:
2342:
2336:
2335:
2323:
2317:
2310:
2304:
2299:Bose, Sumantra.
2297:
2291:
2284:
2278:
2272:
2266:
2260:
2254:
2248:
2242:
2236:
2230:
2224:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2185:
2182:
2176:
2170:
2161:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2131:
2125:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2094:
2088:
2085:
2079:
2073:
2067:
2064:
2058:
2052:
2046:
2040:
2034:
2028:
2022:
2016:
2010:
1997:
1991:
1985:
1979:
1973:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1940:
1934:
1931:
1925:
1922:
1916:
1913:
1907:
1901:
1895:
1889:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1868:
1862:
1859:
1853:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1835:
1832:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1740:
1734:
1733:
1711:
1705:
1704:
1682:
1676:
1670:
1664:
1663:, pp. 1–14.
1658:
1652:
1646:
1640:
1639:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1537:
1531:
1525:
1519:
1513:
1498:
1487:
1481:
1480:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1394:
1388:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1372:
1364:
1362:
1351:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1309:
1300:
1299:
1288:
1282:
1279:
1256:
1237:
1231:
1228:
1181:Kashmir conflict
1141:documentary film
1136:, a 1998 Indian
942:Plebiscite Front
892:Jawaharlal Nehru
870:(Constitutional
849:
846:
828:
821:
747:Lord Mountbatten
701:National Demands
614:Jawaharlal Nehru
532:As a student at
284:Personal details
273:
253:
241:
232:
208:
198:
189:
167:
158:
147:
123:
109:
108:
100:
93:
89:
86:
80:
45:
37:
21:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3449:
3360:
3359:
3358:
3353:
3324:Farooq Abdullah
3319:Sheikh Abdullah
3300:
3290:
3288:
3254:
3252:Farooq Abdullah
3245:
3237:
3227:
3218:
3210:
3200:
3191:
3183:
3153:
3095:Hussain Haqqani
3027:
3025:
2988:
2935:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2881:
2864:
2840:
2838:
2834:
2827:
2787:
2774:
2773:
2769:
2759:
2757:
2749:
2748:
2744:
2734:
2732:
2722:
2718:
2708:
2706:
2693:
2692:
2688:
2678:
2676:
2661:
2657:
2647:
2645:
2638:Hindustan Times
2632:
2631:
2627:
2617:
2615:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2587:
2585:
2570:
2566:
2556:
2554:
2547:Greater Kashmir
2539:
2535:
2527:
2523:
2515:
2511:
2506:
2502:
2494:
2490:
2485:
2481:
2476:
2472:
2467:
2463:
2455:
2451:
2441:
2439:
2433:
2426:
2418:
2414:
2406:
2402:
2393:
2389:
2381:Russel Brines,
2380:
2376:
2368:
2364:
2355:
2351:
2343:
2339:
2324:
2320:
2312:Noorani, A. G.
2311:
2307:
2298:
2294:
2285:
2281:
2273:
2269:
2261:
2257:
2249:
2245:
2237:
2233:
2225:
2221:
2213:
2209:
2201:
2197:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2179:
2171:
2164:
2156:
2152:
2144:
2140:
2132:
2128:
2120:
2116:
2106:
2104:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2074:
2070:
2065:
2061:
2053:
2049:
2041:
2037:
2029:
2025:
2017:
2013:
2007:Wayback Machine
1998:
1994:
1986:
1982:
1974:
1970:
1962:
1958:
1950:
1946:
1941:
1937:
1932:
1928:
1923:
1919:
1914:
1910:
1902:
1898:
1890:
1886:
1878:
1874:
1869:
1865:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1847:
1842:
1838:
1833:
1829:
1821:
1817:
1809:
1805:
1797:
1793:
1785:
1781:
1773:
1769:
1761:
1757:
1749:
1741:
1737:
1730:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1683:
1679:
1675:, pp. 8–9.
1671:
1667:
1659:
1655:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1619:
1615:
1608:
1592:
1588:
1581:
1565:
1561:
1554:
1538:
1534:
1526:
1522:
1514:
1501:
1488:
1484:
1477:
1465:(7 July 2011).
1460:
1456:
1433:10.2307/2539071
1413:
1409:
1395:
1391:
1386:
1382:
1366:
1365:
1360:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1310:
1303:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1259:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1167:
1131:
1109:
1100:
1092:Faiz Ahmed Faiz
1069:
1064:
1036:
1028:Farooq Abdullah
991:
989:Return to power
951:
864:
859:
850:
844:
841:
834:needs expansion
819:
735:
730:
721:
697:Prem Nath Bazaz
688:
676:princely states
626:
580:
550:
522:
498:
471:and some basic
458:Kashmiri shawls
434:
389:(later renamed
365:
346:Farooq Abdullah
322:Political party
309:
293:
292:5 December 1905
274:
269:
251:
239:
233:
228:
206:
196:
190:
185:
171:Farooq Abdullah
165:
159:
154:
148:
143:
126:
114:
113:Sheikh Abdullah
101:
90:
84:
81:
66:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3458:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3349:Mehbooba Mufti
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3314:Syed Mir Qasim
3311:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3287:
3286:
3279:
3272:
3264:
3256:
3255:
3250:
3247:
3238:
3233:
3229:
3228:
3223:
3220:
3211:
3208:Syed Mir Qasim
3206:
3202:
3201:
3196:
3193:
3184:
3179:
3175:
3174:
3168:
3167:
3152:
3151:External links
3149:
3148:
3147:
3132:
3119:
3109:
3092:
3086:
3071:
3054:
3040:
3033:
3009:
2992:
2986:
2966:, ed. (2010).
2960:
2950:
2943:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2929:
2904:
2879:
2867:
2862:
2847:
2819:Atish-e-Chinar
2813:
2803:
2792:
2791:
2786:
2785:
2767:
2742:
2730:TwoCircles.net
2716:
2686:
2655:
2625:
2595:
2564:
2533:
2521:
2519:, p. 779.
2509:
2500:
2498:, p. 783.
2488:
2479:
2470:
2461:
2459:, p. 193.
2449:
2424:
2412:
2400:
2387:
2374:
2362:
2349:
2337:
2318:
2305:
2292:
2279:
2267:
2265:, p. 787.
2255:
2253:, p. 786.
2243:
2241:, p. 782.
2231:
2219:
2207:
2205:, p. 752.
2195:
2186:
2177:
2162:
2150:
2148:, p. 600.
2138:
2136:, p. 607.
2126:
2114:
2089:
2080:
2078:, p. 567.
2068:
2059:
2047:
2045:, p. 431.
2035:
2023:
2011:
1992:
1980:
1968:
1956:
1954:, p. 237.
1944:
1935:
1926:
1917:
1908:
1906:, p. 232.
1896:
1894:, p. 228.
1884:
1872:
1863:
1854:
1845:
1836:
1827:
1825:, p. 238.
1815:
1813:, p. 239.
1803:
1801:, p. 163.
1791:
1779:
1767:
1755:
1735:
1728:
1706:
1699:
1677:
1665:
1653:
1641:
1634:
1613:
1606:
1586:
1579:
1559:
1552:
1532:
1520:
1499:
1482:
1475:
1463:Noorani, A. G.
1454:
1407:
1398:Lamb, Alastair
1389:
1380:
1354:eparlib.nic.in
1338:
1324:
1301:
1283:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1249:T. E. Lawrence
1232:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1166:
1163:
1130:
1127:
1107:
1099:
1096:
1068:
1067:Pakistani view
1065:
1063:
1060:
1035:
1032:
1019:Atish-e-Chinar
990:
987:
950:
947:
868:Sadr-i-Riyasat
863:
860:
858:
855:
852:
851:
831:
829:
818:
815:
779:Mahatma Gandhi
734:
731:
729:
726:
720:
717:
687:
684:
625:
622:
579:
576:
549:
546:
521:
518:
497:
496:Higher studies
494:
433:
430:
374:
373:
370:
369:
360:
354:
353:
352:, Khalida Shah
343:
339:
338:
333:
329:
328:
323:
319:
318:
306:
302:
301:
290:
286:
285:
281:
280:
277:
276:
266:
265:
258:
257:
254:
248:
247:
242:
236:
235:
225:
224:
215:
214:
209:
203:
202:
199:
193:
192:
182:
181:
174:
173:
168:
162:
161:
151:
150:
140:
139:
132:
131:
128:
127:
124:
116:
115:
112:
103:
102:
49:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3457:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3344:Omar Abdullah
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3303:
3299:
3294:
3285:
3280:
3278:
3273:
3271:
3266:
3265:
3262:
3253:
3244:
3243:
3236:
3230:
3226:
3217:
3216:
3209:
3203:
3199:
3190:
3189:
3182:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3145:
3144:Thomas Wardle
3141:
3137:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3126:
3120:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3108:
3107:969-402-498-6
3104:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3052:81-291-1060-1
3049:
3045:
3041:
3038:
3034:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3010:
3008:
3007:81-7534-520-9
3004:
3000:
2996:
2993:
2989:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2961:
2958:
2954:
2951:
2948:
2944:
2941:
2937:
2936:
2926:
2920:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2895:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2871:Korbel, Josef
2868:
2865:
2859:
2855:
2854:
2848:
2833:
2825:
2821:
2820:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2793:
2789:
2788:
2781:
2777:
2771:
2756:
2752:
2746:
2731:
2727:
2720:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2690:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2659:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2629:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2599:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2568:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2537:
2530:
2525:
2518:
2513:
2504:
2497:
2492:
2483:
2474:
2465:
2458:
2453:
2438:
2431:
2429:
2421:
2416:
2409:
2404:
2397:
2391:
2384:
2378:
2372:, p. 17.
2371:
2366:
2359:
2353:
2346:
2341:
2333:
2329:
2322:
2315:
2309:
2302:
2296:
2289:
2283:
2276:
2271:
2264:
2259:
2252:
2247:
2240:
2235:
2228:
2223:
2216:
2211:
2204:
2199:
2190:
2181:
2174:
2169:
2167:
2159:
2154:
2147:
2142:
2135:
2130:
2123:
2118:
2103:
2099:
2093:
2084:
2077:
2072:
2063:
2056:
2051:
2044:
2039:
2032:
2027:
2020:
2015:
2008:
2004:
2001:
1996:
1989:
1984:
1977:
1972:
1965:
1960:
1953:
1948:
1939:
1930:
1921:
1912:
1905:
1900:
1893:
1888:
1881:
1876:
1867:
1858:
1849:
1840:
1831:
1824:
1819:
1812:
1807:
1800:
1795:
1788:
1783:
1777:, p. 94.
1776:
1771:
1765:, p. 67.
1764:
1759:
1748:
1747:
1739:
1731:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1710:
1702:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1681:
1674:
1669:
1662:
1657:
1651:, pp. 5.
1650:
1645:
1637:
1635:9789388292122
1631:
1627:
1623:
1617:
1609:
1607:9788174366719
1603:
1599:
1598:
1590:
1582:
1576:
1572:
1571:
1563:
1555:
1549:
1545:
1544:
1536:
1530:, pp. 4.
1529:
1524:
1517:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1496:
1492:
1486:
1478:
1476:9780198074083
1472:
1468:
1464:
1458:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1427:(2): 76–107.
1426:
1422:
1418:
1411:
1403:
1399:
1393:
1384:
1376:
1370:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1342:
1327:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1308:
1306:
1297:
1293:
1287:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1267:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1236:
1227:
1223:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1162:
1160:
1159:
1158:Pradhanmantri
1154:
1150:
1149:Film Division
1146:
1142:
1139:
1135:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1110:
1105:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1075:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1034:Personal life
1031:
1029:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1006:
1003:
995:
986:
982:
978:
976:
972:
968:
967:East Pakistan
964:
961:In 1971, the
955:
946:
943:
939:
938:Indira Gandhi
935:
930:
928:
923:
918:
913:
910:
904:
902:
897:
893:
888:
886:
881:
877:
873:
872:head of state
869:
848:
839:
835:
832:This section
830:
827:
823:
822:
813:
808:
806:
801:
799:
794:
789:
787:
782:
780:
776:
772:
767:
762:
760:
756:
752:
748:
739:
725:
716:
714:
708:
706:
702:
698:
694:
683:
681:
677:
673:
669:
668:British India
665:
657:
652:
648:
646:
641:
638:
636:
632:
621:
619:
615:
609:
606:
601:
592:
588:
585:
575:
572:
566:
563:
558:
556:
545:
543:
542:feudal system
539:
535:
526:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
493:
491:
487:
486:matriculation
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
461:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
442:Hindu Brahmin
439:
429:
427:
422:
418:
413:
411:
407:
403:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
371:
368:
364:
361:
359:
355:
351:
347:
344:
340:
337:
334:
330:
327:
324:
320:
316:
312:
307:
303:
300:
296:
291:
287:
282:
278:
272:
267:
264:
259:
255:
249:
246:
243:
237:
231:
226:
223:
220:
216:
213:
210:
204:
200:
194:
188:
183:
180:
175:
172:
169:
163:
157:
152:
146:
141:
138:
133:
129:
122:
117:
110:
107:
99:
96:
88:
85:December 2020
78:
74:
70:
64:
60:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
3318:
3240:
3213:
3186:
3122:
3116:
3098:
3074:
3060:
3043:
3036:
3026:, retrieved
3017:
2998:
2973:
2956:
2953:B.N. Mullick
2946:
2939:
2874:
2852:
2839:, retrieved
2832:the original
2823:
2818:
2806:
2796:
2770:
2758:. Retrieved
2754:
2745:
2733:. Retrieved
2729:
2719:
2707:. Retrieved
2698:
2689:
2677:. Retrieved
2668:
2658:
2646:. Retrieved
2637:
2628:
2616:. Retrieved
2607:
2598:
2586:. Retrieved
2577:
2567:
2555:. Retrieved
2546:
2536:
2524:
2512:
2503:
2491:
2482:
2473:
2464:
2452:
2440:. Retrieved
2422:, p. 2.
2420:Hussain 2013
2415:
2403:
2395:
2390:
2382:
2377:
2365:
2357:
2352:
2340:
2331:
2321:
2313:
2308:
2300:
2295:
2287:
2282:
2270:
2258:
2246:
2234:
2222:
2210:
2198:
2189:
2180:
2153:
2141:
2129:
2117:
2105:. Retrieved
2102:www.satp.org
2101:
2092:
2083:
2071:
2062:
2050:
2038:
2026:
2014:
1995:
1983:
1971:
1959:
1947:
1938:
1929:
1920:
1911:
1899:
1887:
1875:
1866:
1857:
1848:
1839:
1830:
1818:
1806:
1794:
1782:
1770:
1758:
1745:
1738:
1719:
1709:
1690:
1680:
1668:
1656:
1644:
1625:
1622:Kumar, Radha
1616:
1596:
1589:
1569:
1562:
1542:
1535:
1523:
1518:, p. 1.
1490:
1485:
1466:
1457:
1424:
1420:
1410:
1401:
1392:
1383:
1353:
1341:
1329:. Retrieved
1314:
1295:
1286:
1244:
1235:
1226:
1156:
1133:
1132:
1111:
1101:
1077:
1070:
1062:Commentaries
1037:
1025:
1017:
1007:
1004:
1000:
983:
979:
960:
931:
922:Muzaffarabad
914:
905:
895:
889:
865:
842:
838:adding to it
833:
810:
802:
790:
783:
774:
769:
765:
763:
758:
744:
722:
709:
705:Naya Kashmir
689:
661:
656:Badshah Khan
642:
639:
627:
610:
597:
581:
567:
559:
551:
531:
499:
462:
435:
414:
378:
377:
270:
252:Succeeded by
229:
207:Succeeded by
186:
177:1st Elected
166:Succeeded by
155:
144:
106:
91:
82:
67:Please help
51:
3375:1982 deaths
3370:1905 births
2841:27 December
2735:22 December
2709:22 December
2679:22 December
2648:30 December
2618:30 December
2588:30 December
2557:30 December
2396:New Society
2370:Korbel 1966
1331:26 February
1191:Kashmiriyat
1153:Anang Desai
1102:Along with
1090:, Josh and
1040:Akbar Jahan
876:Karan Singh
631:Praja Sabha
562:Fateh Kadal
555:G. A. Ashai
538:progressive
475:texts like
240:Preceded by
197:Preceded by
3364:Categories
3246:1977–1982
3219:1975–1977
3192:1948–1953
2933:References
2410:, Preface.
1546:. Viking.
1263:References
1243:newspaper
1078:Kashmakash
975:Bangladesh
693:autocratic
432:Early life
404:and urged
402:Hari Singh
358:Alma mater
69:improve it
59:verifiable
3057:Tariq Ali
2947:Frontline
2940:Frontline
2332:Frontline
1441:0162-2889
1056:Tariq Ali
909:Ayub Khan
845:July 2022
492:in 1922.
406:self-rule
271:In office
230:In office
187:In office
156:In office
145:In office
73:citations
3115:(1949):
3097:(2005):
3059:(2003):
3022:archived
2955:(1972):
2919:cite web
2894:cite web
2873:(1966),
2780:Archived
2703:Archived
2673:Archived
2669:The Wire
2642:Archived
2612:Archived
2608:The Wire
2582:Archived
2578:The Wire
2551:Archived
2360:, p. 330
2107:13 April
2003:Archived
1624:(2018).
1369:cite web
1358:Archived
1241:Calcutta
1165:See also
1121:and the
1010:Kashmiri
605:struggle
584:polymath
399:Maharaja
342:Children
311:Srinagar
3163:of the
3159:in the
3028:22 July
2997:(2006)
2790:Sources
2760:12 June
2385:, p. 67
1449:2539071
1245:Liberty
1138:feature
1052:Gulmarg
473:Persian
444:of the
410:Kashmir
317:, India
256:Himself
201:Himself
63:neutral
3138:
3127:
3105:
3081:
3067:
3050:
3005:
2984:
2860:
2826:]
2811:online
2801:online
2442:27 May
1726:
1697:
1632:
1604:
1577:
1550:
1495:online
1473:
1447:
1439:
1322:
1098:Legacy
1048:Gujjar
1044:Slovak
940:. The
874:) Dr.
749:, the
635:rupees
481:Bustan
465:maktab
332:Spouse
2978:22–23
2911:(PDF)
2886:(PDF)
2835:(PDF)
2828:(PDF)
2822:[
1750:(PDF)
1445:JSTOR
1361:(PDF)
1350:(PDF)
1218:Notes
917:Delhi
793:Jammu
786:order
469:Quran
450:Islam
446:Sapru
438:Soura
295:Soura
3136:ISBN
3125:ISBN
3103:ISBN
3079:ISBN
3065:ISBN
3048:ISBN
3030:2008
3003:ISBN
2982:ISBN
2925:link
2900:link
2858:ISBN
2843:2020
2762:2021
2737:2021
2711:2021
2681:2021
2650:2021
2620:2021
2590:2021
2559:2021
2444:2023
2109:2017
1724:ISBN
1695:ISBN
1630:ISBN
1602:ISBN
1575:ISBN
1548:ISBN
1471:ISBN
1437:ISSN
1375:link
1333:2013
1320:ISBN
1014:Urdu
1012:and
454:Sufi
408:for
305:Died
289:Born
135:3rd
61:and
3165:ZBW
1716:"3"
1687:"6"
1429:doi
1147:'s
971:war
840:.
800:).
75:to
3366::
3020:,
3016:,
2980:.
2972:.
2921:}}
2917:{{
2896:}}
2892:{{
2753:.
2728:.
2697:.
2671:.
2667:.
2636:.
2606:.
2580:.
2576:.
2549:.
2545:.
2427:^
2330:,
2165:^
2100:.
1718:.
1689:.
1502:^
1443:.
1435:.
1425:21
1423:.
1419:.
1400:.
1371:}}
1367:{{
1352:.
1304:^
1294:.
1270:^
1151:.
1106:,
977:.
887:.
761:"
479:,
313:,
297:,
3283:e
3276:t
3269:v
2990:.
2927:)
2902:)
2764:.
2739:.
2713:.
2683:.
2652:.
2622:.
2592:.
2561:.
2446:.
2111:.
1732:.
1703:.
1638:.
1610:.
1583:.
1556:.
1497:.
1479:.
1451:.
1431::
1377:)
1335:.
847:)
843:(
98:)
92:(
87:)
83:(
79:.
65:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.