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be even envisioned, than for scientists and engineers involved in applied scientific research and technological innovation since in such work objectives are well-known. For example, most corporations conduct research on specific products or services that promise to yield profit for share-holders. Similarly, most of the research funded by governments is mission-oriented, such as protecting the environment, developing new drugs, or designing more lethal weapons. In cases where the application of scientific knowledge and technological innovation is well-known
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and physical division of labor, the resulting fragmentation of knowledge, the high degree of specialization, and the complex and hierarchical decision-making process within corporations and government research laboratories, it is exceedingly difficult for individual scientists and engineers to control the applications of their innovations. This fragmentation of work and decision-making results in fragmented moral accountability, often to the point where "everybody involved was responsible but none could be held responsible."
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310:(EPA) guidelines for emissions of dangerous pollutants and goes further to involve the community and address concerns the public might have, they might be less likely to have the EPA investigate them. According to some experts, most rules and regulations are formed due to public outcry, which threatens
268:
Another point of view is that responsibility falls on those who provide the funding for the research and technological developments (in most cases corporations and government agencies). Because taxpayers provide the funds for government-sponsored research, they and the politicians that represent them
252:
Some argue that because of the complexity of social responsibility in research, scientists and engineers should not be blamed for all the evils created by new scientific knowledge and technological innovations. First, there is fragmentation and diffusion of responsibility: Because of the intellectual
256:
Another problem is ignorance. The scientists and engineers cannot predict how their newly generated knowledge and technological innovations may be abused or misused. The excuse of ignorance is stronger for scientists involved in very basic and fundamental research where potential applications cannot
191:
One can be socially responsible passively, by avoiding engaging in socially harmful acts, or actively, by performing activities that advance social goals. Social responsibility has an intergenerational aspect, since the actions of one generation have consequences for their posterity, and also can be
227:
Are scientists and engineers morally responsible for the negative consequences that result from applications of their knowledge and inventions? If scientists and engineers take pride in the positive achievements of science and technology, shouldn't they also accept responsibility for the negative
347:
and enable end users to confirm the corporation's practices adhere to social responsibility ideals. A reputation for social responsibility leads to more positive responses toward a brand's products by inducing a reciprocal desire to help companies that have helped others, an effect that is more
210:
Another way to be socially responsible is by being careful not to spread information that you have not diligently vetted for its truth. In the modern information environment, "the stakes of credulity are simply too high," says
Francisco Mejia Uribe. Socially responsible people have "the moral
321:"; others argue that it is an attempt to pre-empt the role of governments as a watchdog over powerful corporations. A significant number of studies have shown no negative influence on shareholder results from CSR but rather a slightly positive correlation with improved shareholder returns.
269:
should perhaps be held accountable for the uses and abuses of science. In times past scientists could often conduct research independently, but today's experimental research requires expensive laboratories and instrumentation, making scientists dependent on those who pay for their studies.
228:
consequences related to the use or abuse of scientific knowledge and technological innovations? Scientists and engineers have a collective responsibility to examine the values embedded in the research problems they choose and the ethics of how they share their findings with the public.
688:
211:
obligation to believe only what we have diligently investigated." And a socially responsible person "in her capacity as communicator of beliefā¦ has the moral responsibility not to pollute the well of collective knowledge and instead to strive to sustain its integrity."
231:
Committees of scientists and engineers are often involved in planning governmental and corporate research programs, including those devoted to the development of military technologies and weaponry. Many professional societies and national organizations, such as the
248:
for the conduct of scientific research and engineering). Scientists and engineers, individually and collectively, have a special and greater responsibility than average citizens with respect to the generation and use of scientific knowledge.
123:
would be fertile soil in which a thriving, virtuous citizenry could grow (and in order that there could be an appropriate political context in which one could successfully practice virtues like justice which require a political context).
203:, for example, believed that "we have gotten used to regarding as valor only valor in war (or the kind that's needed for flying in outer space), the kind which jingle-jangles with medals. We have forgotten another concept of
629:
340:. A corporate reputation aligned with social responsibility is linked to higher profits, particularly when firms voluntarily report the positive and negative impacts of their social responsibility endeavors.
78:
between economic development, and the welfare of society and the environment. Social responsibility pertains not only to business organizations but also to everyone whose actions impact the environment.
317:
Some critics argue that corporate social responsibility (CSR) distracts from the fundamental economic role of businesses; others argue that it is nothing more than superficial window-dressing, such as "
156:
believed that "In no other realm does human excellence approach so closely the paths of the gods as it does in the founding of new and in the preservation of already founded communities."
1625:
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598:
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While many corporations include social responsibility in their operations, those procuring their goods and services may also independently ensure these products are
716:
276:, has received some normative status in relation to private and public corporations in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (
41:
Social responsibility from businesses such as providing recycling bins can in turn provide opportunities for people to be socially responsible by recycling.
1409:"Normative Foundations of Technology Transfer and Transnational Benefit Principles in the UNESCO Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights"
292:
will "encourage voluntary commitment to social responsibility and will lead to common guidance on concepts, definitions and methods of evaluation."
2467:
261:, a scientist or engineer cannot escape responsibility for research and technological innovation that is morally dubious. As John Forge writes in
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Ethical decision-making by businesses can prevent costly government intervention in those businesses. For instance, if a company follows the
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He saw ethics and politics as mutually-reinforcing: a citizen develops the virtues in large part so that they can contribute to making the
1238:
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is meant to be "a community of equals for the sake of a life which is potentially the best." Some of the virtues in his scheme of
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Certification processes like these help corporations and their consumers identify potential risks associated with a product's
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2136:
1774:
1906:
17:
3334:
2801:
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1983:
1168:
Collins, F. (1972). "Social ethics and the conduct of science ā Specialization and the fragmentation of responsibility".
723:
1219:
Leitenberg, M. (1971). "Social responsibility (II) ā The classical scientific ethic and strategic-weapons development".
2364:
2315:
1950:
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844:"Managing social challenges in the nuclear decommissioning industry: A responsible approach towards better performance"
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concept in which a person works and cooperates with other people and organizations for the benefit of the community.
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301:
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31:
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1976:
469:
722:. Winnipeg, Manitoba: International Institute for Sustainable Development. May 2004. p. 1. Archived from
55:
An organization can demonstrate social responsibility in several ways, for instance, by donating, encouraging
2567:
2181:
1646:
Johnson, Z. (January 2019). "Self-Reporting CSR Activities: When Your
Company Harms, Do You Self-Disclose?".
2512:
1999:
233:
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prominent among consumers who value helping others and is reduced if consumers doubt a firm's intentions.
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was one of the first to address the issue of social responsibility as it relates to business activity.
1943:
Multinationals and
Corporate Social Responsibility: Limitations and Opportunities in International Law
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942:
Huesemann, Michael H.; Huesemann, Joyce A. (2011). "Critical
Science and Social Responsibility".
464:
219:
1868:
Caring and Doing for Others: Social
Responsibility in the Domains of Family, Work, and Community
1738:
Crane, Andrew; Matten, Dirk; McWilliams, Abagail; Moon, Jeremy; Siegel, Donald S., eds. (2008).
1097:
Ziman, J. (1971). "Social responsibility (I) ā The impact of social responsibility on science".
515:
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265:: "Ignorance is not an excuse precisely because scientists can be blamed for being ignorant."
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The social responsibility of scientists and engineers can influence how robots are programmed.
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and therefore the well-being of shareholders; if there is no outcry, this limits regulation.
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328:. Verification tools are available from many entities internationally, for example the
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Margolis, J.; Elfenbein, H.H. (2008). "Doing Well by Doing Good? Don't Count on It".
1581:
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59:, using ethical hiring procedures, and making changes that benefit the environment.
37:
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2711:
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2210:
2116:
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2035:
2030:
2014:
842:
Invernizzi, Diletta
Colette; Locatelli, Giorgio; Brookes, Naomi J. (2017-10-01).
807:
421:
245:
164:
91:
philosophical tradition acknowledged the importance of social responsibility for
88:
1894:
1684:"Good Guys Can Finish First: How Brand Reputation Affects Extension Evaluations"
3992:
3370:
3053:
2701:
2151:
2006:
617:
564:"Tightening Environmental Standards: The Benefit-Cost or the No-Cost Paradigm?"
429:
1659:
1334:
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2811:
2796:
2497:
1839:
1822:
The New
Corporate Accountability: Corporate Social Responsibility and the Law
1026:
989:
167:, he wrote that "That which isn't good for the hive isn't good for the bee."
134:
4119:
4043:
1960:
1885:
1812:
1784:
Kalinda, B., ed. (2001). "Social
Responsibility and Organizational Ethics".
1364:
Beckwith, J.; Huang, F. (2005). "Should we make a fuss? A case for social".
1063:
516:"Social Responsibility in Business: Meaning, Types, Examples, and Criticism"
4013:
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3811:
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1034:
944:
318:
180:
56:
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3512:
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1427:
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812:
439:
160:
676:
580:
563:
415:
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2225:
1486:. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). New York: Macmillan Reference. p. 2.
793:
589:
365:
337:
207:. And that's all our society needs, just that, just that, just that!".
92:
1700:
976:
Barnaby, W. (2000). "Science, technology, and social responsibility".
907:"To be a responsible citizen today, it is not enough to be reasonable"
62:
Social responsibility is an individual responsibility that involves a
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3929:
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3083:
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3003:
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2771:
2751:
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2527:
2451:
2341:
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2255:
2250:
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950:. Gabriola Island, British Columbia, Canada: New Society Publishers.
768:
745:
668:
373:
128:
118:
117:
an excellent and stable one. And the purpose of that was so that the
110:
103:
75:
71:
4064:
1321:
Forge, J (2000). "Moral responsibility and the ignorant scientist".
359:
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4006:
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3796:
3716:
3674:
3649:
3624:
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3447:
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3405:
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3390:
3380:
2716:
2502:
2492:
1847:
Pride, William M.; Hughes, Robert James; Kickapoo, Jack R. (2008).
1248:
273:
4264:
4126:
1767:
ISO 26000 - A Standardized View on
Corporate Social Responsibility
4240:
4226:
4159:
4092:
4057:
3985:
3741:
3664:
3634:
3587:
3547:
3472:
3430:
3128:
3063:
3058:
2993:
2988:
2746:
1042:
Edsall, J.T. (1981). "Two aspects of scientific responsibility".
493:. Vol. II. Toronto, Ont.: Seven Stories Press. p. 696.
196:
142:
67:
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1922:
Wayne, Dirk Matten; Pohl, Manfred; Tolhurst, Nick, eds. (2007).
1240:
On Being a
Scientist: A Guide to Responsible Conduct in Research
4208:
4200:
4071:
4050:
3999:
3978:
3821:
3552:
3211:
3018:
2973:
2861:
2776:
2741:
2721:
2270:
2141:
1820:
McBarnet, Doreen J.; Voiculescu, Aurora; Campbell, Tom (2007).
788:
449:
277:
153:
49:
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Edsall, J.T. (1975). "Scientific freedom and responsibility".
853:. Social Responsibilities for the Management of Megaprojects.
4085:
4027:
3906:
3898:
3694:
3654:
3492:
3354:
2418:
1574:"Integrating Economic, Social, and Environmental Performance"
548:. U.S.A.: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 577.
112:
2648:
1788:. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). New York: Macmillan Reference.
1580:(2.0 ed.). Arlington, N.Y.: Flat World Knowledge. 4.3.
288:
particularly in relation to child and maternal welfare. The
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4248:
3706:
3629:
3467:
3088:
3073:
3048:
2911:
2906:
2766:
2106:
1998:
1851:(9th ed.). Boston, Mass.: Houghton McFarland Company.
1310:. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers. p. 415.
3180:
1819:
946:
Technofix: Why Technology Won't Save Us or the Environment
841:
195:
Social responsibility can require a degree of boldness or
3826:
2403:
1737:
1572:
Carpenter, Mason; Bauer, Talya; Eiderdown, Berin (2013).
1118:"The ethical challenges of socially responsible science"
145:
were inseparable from a sense of social responsibility.
1571:
894:. Vol. 1: An Experiment in Literary Investigation.
106:
determined that "Man is by nature a political animal."
4033:
1740:
The Oxford Handbook of Corporate Social Responsibility
1243:(Third ed.). The National Academies Press. 2009.
717:"Perceptions and Definitions of Social Responsibility"
3870:
3847:
1765:
Idowu, Samuel; Cheney, George; Roper, Juliet (2018).
1540:"Greenwashing: Only the Appearance of Sustainability"
355:
1846:
282:
Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights
240:in the United States, have ethical guidelines (see
186:
1793:May, Steve; Cheney, George; Roper, Juliet (2007).
1682:
943:
941:
295:
1921:
1594:
1482:Kaliski, B., ed. (2001). "Ethics in Management".
4283:
1764:
2518:Environmental, social, and corporate governance
1895:"Responsibility based environmental governance"
1795:The Debate over Corporate Social Responsibility
827:Wherry, Frederick F.; Schor, Juliet B. (2015).
599:"The Social-Financial Performance Relationship"
263:Moral Responsibility and the Ignorant Scientist
1792:
1618:"Resources for Verifying Sustainable Products"
1477:
1475:
829:The SAGE Encyclopedia of Economics and Society
543:
290:International Organization for Standardization
4262:
4246:
3196:
2664:
1984:
1924:The A to Z of Corporate Social Responsibility
1797:. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.
1363:
1115:
308:United States Environmental Protection Agency
192:more or less respectful for their ancestors.
1537:
1308:Scientific knowledge and its social problems
889:
544:Anheier, Helmut K.; Toepler, Stefan (2009).
4198:
4175:
4166:
4157:
1512:(3). Elsevier North-Holland Inc.: 185ā213.
1472:
904:
851:International Journal of Project Management
826:
806:
546:International Encyclopedia of Civil Society
214:
3303:Four Cardinal Principles and Eight Virtues
3203:
3189:
2671:
2657:
1991:
1977:
1406:
1218:
1170:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
1163:
1161:
905:Mejia Uribe, Francisco (12 January 2021).
740:
738:
736:
489:Jensen, Derrick (2006). "Responsibility".
1945:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1824:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1496:
1141:
831:. U.S.A.: SAGE Publications. p. 476.
579:
1870:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
1538:GĆ³ngora, Alejos; LucĆa, Claudia (2013).
1290:
218:
177:Social responsibility of the businessman
36:
3350:Values in Action Inventory of Strengths
2822:Right to an adequate standard of living
2352:Pollutant release and transfer register
1783:
1748:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199211593.001.0001
1680:
1645:
1499:"Social Irresponsibility in Management"
1481:
1167:
1158:
975:
934:
932:
733:
647:
596:
30:For other types of responsibility, see
14:
4284:
1892:
1305:
1295:. Oxford University Press. p. 75.
1116:Resnik, D. B.; Elliott, K. C. (2016).
1041:
1004:
561:
488:
3184:
2652:
2137:Principles for Responsible Investment
1972:
1909:from the original on 3 September 2019
1865:
1320:
1096:
1078:
767:
744:
2626:
1940:
1786:Encyclopedia of Business and Finance
1484:Encyclopedia of Business and Finance
929:
763:
761:
635:from the original on 13 October 2017
568:The Journal of Economic Perspectives
507:
179:published by the American economist
3335:Teachings of the Seven Grandfathers
2802:Human right to water and sanitation
2686:the philosophy of and activism for
917:from the original on 30 August 2023
597:Preston, Lee E. (1 December 1997).
24:
2316:Environmental full-cost accounting
1730:
1416:Journal of Medicine and Philosophy
1190:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1972.tb21230.x
787:
562:Palmer, Karen (1 September 1995).
25:
4328:
1083:. University of Pittsburgh Press.
978:Interdisciplinary Science Reviews
758:
513:
286:International Bioethics Committee
2625:
2616:
2615:
2605:
2190:
2097:Extended producer responsibility
1465:ISO 26000: Social responsibility
892:The Gulag Archipelago, 1918ā1956
890:Solzhenitsyn, Alexander (1973).
414:
400:
386:
372:
358:
187:Individual social responsibility
2306:Eco-Management and Audit Scheme
1715:from the original on 2020-08-07
1674:
1639:
1628:from the original on 2022-10-04
1610:
1562:
1531:
1490:
1456:
1407:Faucet, T.A.; Nasu, H. (2009).
1400:
1357:
1314:
1299:
1293:Modern science and human values
1284:
1273:from the original on 2023-08-30
1231:
1212:
1109:
1090:
964:from the original on 2023-08-30
898:
883:
872:from the original on 2023-06-17
835:
820:
650:"The Blended Value Proposition"
526:from the original on 2023-08-27
435:Corporate social responsibility
302:Corporate Social Responsibility
296:Corporate social responsibility
238:National Academy of Engineering
170:
148:
74:one lives within, and possible
32:Responsibility (disambiguation)
3288:Catalogue of Vices and Virtues
2832:Right to a healthy environment
2578:Socially responsible marketing
2573:Socially responsible investing
1689:Journal of Consumer Psychology
1323:Science and Engineering Ethics
863:10.1016/j.ijproman.2016.12.002
800:
781:
709:
552:
537:
482:
470:Socially responsible investing
13:
1:
2678:
2568:Socially responsible business
1134:10.1080/08989621.2014.1002608
3937:
3928:
3905:
2513:Environmental pricing reform
2044:environmental responsibility
1518:10.1016/0148-2963(77)90011-X
1506:Journal of Business Research
1497:Armstrong, J. Scott (1977).
1221:Impact of Science on Society
1099:Impact of Science on Society
657:California Management Review
272:Quasi-legal instruments, or
234:National Academy of Sciences
129:
119:
111:
98:
7:
4034:
3871:
3848:
3210:
2543:Market governance mechanism
2399:Global Reporting Initiative
2369:standards and certification
2276:Social return on investment
1926:. London; New York: Wiley.
1742:. Oxford University Press.
1648:Corporate Reputation Review
1622:Sustainable Facilities Tool
351:
10:
4333:
2483:Community interest company
2427:Community-based monitoring
2261:Genuine progress indicator
1941:Zerk, Jennifer A. (2006).
1769:. Springer International.
1122:Accountability in Research
618:10.1177/000765039703600406
299:
82:
29:
4218:
4136:
3963:
3890:
3840:
3363:
3261:
3218:
3147:
2956:
2920:
2852:Right to rest and leisure
2694:
2684:
2601:
2508:Environmental degradation
2460:
2417:
2391:
2357:Sustainability accounting
2289:
2221:Ethical positioning index
2199:
2188:
2013:
1660:10.1057/s41299-018-0051-x
1335:10.1007/s11948-000-0036-9
1081:The Responsible Scientist
332:environmental standards,
330:Underwriters Laboratories
87:Writers in the classical
4317:Sociological terminology
2902:Universal basic services
2538:Health impact assessment
2409:Sustainability reporting
2378:Toxics Release Inventory
2172:Transparency (behavioral
2147:Social impact assessment
2036:Corporate accountability
1866:Rossi, Alice S. (2001).
1578:Principles of Management
1027:10.1126/science.11643270
990:10.1179/isr.2000.25.1.20
475:
284:developed by the UNESCO
215:Scientists and engineers
3165:Minnie Cumnock Blodgett
2593:Supply chain management
2533:Global justice movement
2332:profit-and-loss account
1597:Harvard Business Review
1291:Lowrance, W.W. (1985).
1064:10.1126/science.7209513
465:Social entrepreneurship
4263:
4247:
4199:
4176:
4167:
4158:
3155:Ellen Swallow Richards
2897:Universal basic income
2558:SDG Publishers Compact
2320:Environmental conflict
2127:Organizational justice
1893:Salles, Denis (2011).
606:Business & Society
224:
201:Alexander Solzhenitsyn
46:Social responsibility
42:
4292:Social responsibility
3752:Righteous indignation
2877:Social responsibility
2548:Product certification
2347:Life-cycle assessment
2266:Performance indicator
2157:Social responsibility
2122:Organizational ethics
2052:social responsibility
1306:Ravetz, J.R. (1996).
648:Emerson, Jed (2003).
394:Libertarianism portal
222:
127:He believed that the
40:
3270:BodhipakkhiyÄ dhammÄ
3069:Industrial relations
2553:Public participation
2488:Conflict of interest
2078:inequality in the UK
2070:in the United States
2062:Environmental racism
1681:Johnson, Z. (2019).
1378:10.1038/nbt1205-1479
1366:Nature Biotechnology
326:socially sustainable
18:Socially responsible
3340:Theological virtues
3243:Positive psychology
2732:Consumer protection
2523:Ethical consumerism
2473:Benefit corporation
2365:metrics and indices
2167:Sullivan principles
2082:injustice in Europe
1182:1972NYASA.196..213C
1056:1981Sci...212...11E
1019:1975Sci...188..687E
581:10.1257/jep.9.4.119
455:Shareholder primacy
312:profit maximization
4297:Concepts in ethics
3772:Self-transcendence
3364:Individual virtues
3308:Nine Noble Virtues
3237:Nicomachean Ethics
2933:Consumer education
2892:Supportive housing
2882:Subsidized housing
2872:Security of person
2827:Right to education
2611:Environment portal
2383:Triple bottom line
2311:Emission inventory
2216:Double bottom line
2162:Stakeholder theory
1468:. 2009. p. 8.
1428:10.1093/jmp/jhp021
1079:Forge, J. (2008).
774:Nicomachean Ethics
445:Inclusive business
242:Engineering ethics
225:
175:In 1953, the book
43:
4279:
4278:
4275:
4274:
3426:Conscientiousness
3293:Epistemic virtues
3178:
3177:
2984:Child development
2938:Consumer movement
2928:Consumer activism
2847:Right to property
2737:Critical thinking
2646:
2645:
2563:Social enterprise
2468:Bangladesh Accord
2328:management system
2324:impact assessment
2301:Carbon accounting
2231:Impact assessment
2182:UN Global Compact
2074:in Western Europe
2026:Aarhus Convention
1776:978-3-319-92650-6
1701:10.1002/jcpy.1109
1372:(12): 1479ā1480.
1013:(4189): 687ā693.
514:Ganti, Akhilesh.
460:Social enterprise
408:Philosophy portal
380:Liberalism portal
205:valorācivil valor
27:Ethical framework
16:(Redirected from
4324:
4312:Social movements
4268:
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4181:
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4163:
4039:
3942:
3933:
3910:
3876:
3853:
3838:
3837:
3767:Self-cultivation
3320:Prussian virtues
3283:Cardinal virtues
3205:
3198:
3191:
3182:
3181:
3034:Health promotion
3024:Health education
2948:Social movements
2943:Environmentalism
2887:Supported living
2842:Right to housing
2782:Homeless shelter
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1591:
1566:
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1555:
1546:. Archived from
1535:
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1526:
1520:. Archived from
1503:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1479:
1470:
1469:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1444:
1438:. Archived from
1413:
1404:
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1397:
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1318:
1312:
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1303:
1297:
1296:
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756:
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731:
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728:
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713:
707:
703:
701:
699:
693:
687:. Archived from
669:10.2307/41166187
654:
644:
642:
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634:
603:
593:
583:
556:
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549:
541:
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3262:Virtue families
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3231:Moral character
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3209:
3179:
3174:
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3134:Water treatment
3124:Social sciences
3119:Social programs
3104:Quality of life
3044:Health sciences
3039:Health research
2957:Fields of study
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2712:Assisted living
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2281:Whole-life cost
2211:Corporate crime
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2117:Loss and damage
2087:Ethical banking
2031:Climate justice
2018:
2009:
1997:
1967:
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1934:
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1731:Further reading
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808:Marcus Aurelius
805:
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759:
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246:Research ethics
217:
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165:Marcus Aurelius
151:
101:
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3371:Accountability
3367:
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3327:
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3054:Home economics
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3016:
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2996:
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2724:
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2714:
2709:
2704:
2702:Accountability
2698:
2696:
2692:
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2685:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2675:
2668:
2661:
2653:
2644:
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2406:
2404:GxP guidelines
2401:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2297:
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2273:
2268:
2263:
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2237:
2228:
2223:
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2207:
2205:
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2196:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2152:Social justice
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2059:
2054:
2048:responsibility
2033:
2028:
2022:
2020:
2011:
2010:
2007:accountability
1996:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1973:
1966:
1965:
1952:978-0521844994
1951:
1938:
1933:978-0470723951
1932:
1919:
1890:
1877:978-0226728728
1876:
1863:
1858:978-0618770915
1857:
1844:
1831:978-0521868181
1830:
1817:
1804:978-0195178821
1803:
1790:
1781:
1775:
1762:
1756:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1695:(4): 565ā583.
1673:
1654:(4): 153ā164.
1638:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1592:
1586:
1568:
1561:
1530:
1527:on 2005-11-17.
1489:
1471:
1455:
1399:
1356:
1329:(3): 341ā349.
1313:
1298:
1283:
1257:
1249:10.17226/12192
1230:
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1176:(4): 213ā222.
1157:
1108:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1076:
1039:
1002:
973:
957:978-0865717046
956:
938:
928:
897:
882:
834:
819:
799:
780:
757:
732:
729:on 2006-10-07.
708:
705:
704:
645:
594:
574:(4): 119ā132.
558:
551:
536:
506:
500:978-1583227305
499:
480:
479:
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474:
473:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
430:Accountability
426:
425:
411:
397:
383:
369:
353:
350:
300:Main article:
297:
294:
216:
213:
188:
185:
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150:
147:
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93:human thriving
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4307:Social ethics
4305:
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4293:
4290:
4289:
4287:
4267:
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3757:Righteousness
3755:
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3670:Nonattachment
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3330:Seven virtues
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3277:BrahmavihÄrÄs
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3253:Virtue ethics
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1974:
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1962:
1958:
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1920:
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1550:on 2020-03-12
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3645:Magnificence
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3498:Faithfulness
3386:Authenticity
3312:
3298:Five virtues
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3268:
3248:Trait theory
3235:
3170:Melvil Dewey
3014:Food science
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2857:Right to sit
2792:Housekeeping
2630:
2503:Eco-labeling
2478:Child labour
2373:supply chain
2371: /
2367: /
2363: /
2359: /
2330: /
2326: /
2322: /
2318: /
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2092:Ethical code
2080: /
2076: /
2072: /
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2064: /
2050: /
2046: /
2042: /
2038: /
1942:
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1911:. Retrieved
1902:
1899:S.A.P.I.EN.S
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1630:. Retrieved
1621:
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1548:the original
1544:IESE Insight
1543:
1533:
1522:the original
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1458:
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1440:the original
1419:
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609:
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567:
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545:
539:
528:. Retrieved
520:Investopedia
519:
509:
490:
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334:BioPreferred
323:
319:greenwashing
316:
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271:
267:
262:
258:
255:
251:
230:
226:
209:
204:
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190:
181:Howard Bowen
176:
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171:Modern times
158:
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149:Ancient Rome
139:magnificence
126:
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102:
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66:between the
61:
57:volunteerism
54:
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3832:Workmanship
3722:Punctuality
3640:Magnanimity
3563:Hospitality
3513:Forgiveness
3458:Discernment
3416:Cleanliness
3148:Key players
2964:Air quality
2807:Life skills
2762:Food safety
2757:Environment
2727:Consumerism
2583:Stakeholder
2361:measurement
2102:Externality
2057:Dirty hands
1422:(3): 1ā26.
813:Meditations
440:Good German
161:Meditations
4286:Categories
4145:Auctoritas
3993:Aparigraha
3972:Adhiį¹į¹hÄna
3954:Sophrosyne
3922:Eutrapelia
3807:Temperance
3787:Solidarity
3777:Simplicity
3737:Resilience
3712:Politeness
3680:Patriotism
3660:Moderation
3533:Good faith
3523:Generosity
3483:Equanimity
3463:Discipline
3421:Compassion
3139:Well-being
3109:Sanitation
3094:Psychology
3089:Prevention
3009:Employment
2867:Sanitation
2817:Preference
2587:engagement
2442:Fair trade
2293:accounting
2226:Higg Index
2203:accounting
2019:principles
1719:2020-05-07
1632:2016-03-11
1449:2009-06-18
1277:2023-08-30
968:2023-08-30
876:2023-08-30
794:De Legibus
612:(4): 419.
530:2023-08-27
366:Law portal
338:Green Seal
76:trade-offs
4302:Euthenics
4193:Humanitas
3939:Phronesis
3930:Philotimo
3782:Sincerity
3747:Reverence
3615:Judgement
3603:Emotional
3593:Integrity
3583:Innocence
3538:Gratitude
3518:Frugality
3508:Foresight
3488:Etiquette
3478:Endurance
3453:Diligence
3376:Alertness
3325:Scout Law
3226:Endowment
3114:Self care
3084:Organisms
3079:Nutrition
3004:Education
2999:Economics
2979:Chemistry
2969:Bioethics
2787:Household
2772:Happiness
2752:Education
2688:Euthenics
2679:Euthenics
2528:Euthenics
2493:Disasters
2452:ISO 19011
2392:Reporting
2342:ISO 14031
2337:ISO 14000
2256:ISO 45001
2251:ISO 26000
2132:Pollution
2066:in Russia
2040:behaviour
1840:181421309
1709:150973752
1668:170000354
998:144627671
921:30 August
769:Aristotle
746:Aristotle
685:153947907
626:153778049
345:lifecycle
104:Aristotle
99:Aristotle
72:ecosystem
4186:Gravitas
4169:Dignitas
3915:Ataraxia
3797:Sympathy
3727:Religion
3717:Prudence
3675:Patience
3650:Meekness
3625:Kindness
3573:Humility
3568:Humanity
3503:Fidelity
3448:Courtesy
3411:Chivalry
3406:Chastity
3396:Charisma
3391:Calmness
3381:Altruism
2989:Cleaning
2921:Activism
2717:Autonomy
2695:Concepts
2621:Category
2419:Auditing
2240:equality
1961:76849750
1907:Archived
1886:45064591
1849:Business
1813:70292018
1713:Archived
1626:Archived
1436:19395367
1394:20366847
1386:16333283
1351:40073027
1343:11273459
1271:Archived
1267:25009901
1206:38345454
1152:26193168
1035:11643270
962:Archived
915:Archived
867:Archived
816:. VI.64.
751:Politics
677:41166187
630:Archived
524:Archived
352:See also
274:soft law
259:a priori
236:and the
70:and the
4241:Sadaqah
4227:Ganbaru
4160:Decorum
4152:Caritas
4107:ÅraddhÄ
4093:Shaucha
4058:Kshanti
3986:Akrodha
3841:Chinese
3742:Respect
3665:Modesty
3635:Loyalty
3620:Justice
3588:Insight
3548:Honesty
3543:Heroism
3473:Empathy
3431:Courage
3401:Charity
3314:PÄramÄ«s
3212:Virtues
3129:Society
3064:Hygiene
3059:Housing
2994:Ecology
2747:Ecology
2632:Commons
2585: (
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2444: (
2434: (
2233: (
2177:social)
1913:15 June
1554:27 July
1198:4504112
1178:Bibcode
1143:4631672
1072:7209513
1052:Bibcode
1044:Science
1015:Bibcode
1007:Science
698:20 July
639:20 July
590:2138393
491:Endgame
197:courage
159:In the
143:justice
137:, like
89:Western
83:History
68:economy
64:balance
50:ethical
4209:Virtus
4201:Pietas
4120:Upekį¹£Ä
4113:SaddhÄ
4079:PrajƱÄ
4072:MuditÄ
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4044:Karuį¹Ä
4007:Asteya
4000:Ärjava
3979:Ahimsa
3964:Indian
3947:Sophia
3822:Wisdom
3700:Filial
3608:Social
3553:Honour
3019:Health
2974:Botany
2862:Safety
2777:Health
2742:Desire
2722:Choice
2707:Agency
2271:SA8000
2245:social
2201:Social
2142:Racism
2015:Ethics
2000:Social
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1949:
1930:
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