Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor

1405: 1896:, as Herman's successor. Henry of France, so long eyeing Lorraine greedily, met for a third time with the emperor at Ivois in May 1056. The French king, not renowned for his tactical or strategic prowess, but admirable for his personal valour on the field, had a heated debate with the German king and challenged him to single combat. Henry fled at night from this meeting. Once in Germany again, Godfrey made his final peace, and Henry went to the northeast to deal with a Slav uprising after the death of William of Meissen. He fell ill on the way and took to bed. He freed Beatrice and Matilda and had those with him 979: 51: 1109: 1801: 1258: 1923:. Henry had been one of the most powerful of the Holy Roman Emperors. His authority as king in Burgundy, Germany and Italy was only rarely questioned, his power over the church was at the root of what the reformers he sponsored later fought against in his son, and his achievement in binding to the empire her tributaries was clear. Nevertheless, his reign is often pronounced a failure in that he apparently left problems far beyond the capacities of his successors to handle. The 395: 4059: 4706: 1266: 901: 1809: 1097: 562:. They took up arms against the King in the second half of 1025, but he forced most of them into submission before the end of the year. Ernest asked his mother Gisela to mediate a reconciliation and she convinced the eight-year-old Henry also to intervene on Ernest's behalf in early 1026. Ernest had to promise to provide military assistance to Conrad to achieve a pardon. 1788:, however, successfully resisted the depredations of Cuno and the raids of the king of Hungary. Henry could thus direct his attention elsewhere than rebellions for once. He returned to Goslar, the city where his son had been born and which he had raised to imperial and ecclesiastic grandeur with his palace and church reforms. He passed Christmas there and appointed 1237:). After he had taken a number of castles, lack of supplies forced him to leave. He garrisoned the ducal castles and cities to prevent any incursions by Godfrey and left for Burgundy. Godfrey had stirred up rebellions in Burgundy by creating conflicts between the imperialist faction and the domestic royal faction, which supported an independent Burgundy. Louis, 800: 1187:, Gothelo I's eldest son who had already been installed as duke of Upper Lorraine. Henry claimed that Gothelo I's deathbed wish was to bequeath both sons with a share of the estate. Godfrey, who had been a faithful servant of Henry, eventually rose in rebellion. Henry attempted to reconcile the brothers at 974:

and fled to Germany, where Henry welcomed him despite their former enmity. Bretislav was now deprived of his former ally, upon which Henry prepared another campaign into Bohemia. On 15 August, almost exactly one year after his last expedition he set out once more, was victorious and signed a peace

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troops and invaded Hungary in June 1030. Insufficient supplies forced him to return and the Hungarians attacked and beat his army at Vienna. Conrad left Bavaria, assigning the task to deal with the Hungarians to the twelve-year-old Henry. Egilbert of Freising started negotiations with Stephen I of

1884:

Henry entered a Germany in turmoil. A staunch ally against Cuno in Bavaria, Gebhard of Regensburg, was implicated in a plot against the king along with Cuno and Welf of Carinthia. Sources diverge here: some claim only that the retainers of the princes plotted the undoing of the king. Whatever the

1724:

without success, as the Hungarians sank his supply ships on the Danube river. Henry was unable to continue his campaign and in fact never tried again. Henry did send a Swabian army to assist Leo in Italy, but he recalled it quickly. At Christmas 1052, Cuno of Bavaria was summoned to Merseburg and

1700:

of England, whose enemies Baldwin had harboured, Baldwin of Flanders was harassed by sea and unable to escape the onslaught of the imperial army. At Cologne, the pope excommunicated Godfrey and Baldwin. The former abandoned his allies and was imprisoned by the emperor again. Baldwin also gave in

1058:

Gisela, Henry's mother, died in March 1043. She was solemnly buried in Speyer. The king appeared barefoot, in tears, and penitent robe at the funeral, his arms crossed, threw himself on the ground in front of the crowd and moved everyone to tears. With Henry's emulation of Christian humble

495:, this led to years of conflict from which he emerged victorious. Another sphere of defiance formed in southern Germany from 1052 to 1055. Henry III died, aged only 39. Modern historians, however, identify the final years of his reign as the beginning of a crisis in the Salian monarchy. 1927:

was largely the result of his church politics, though his popemaking gave the Roman diocese to the reform party. He united all the great duchies save Saxony to himself at one point or another but gave them all away. His most enduring and concrete monument may be the impressive palace

577:, with Henry's guardianship. Historian Stefan Weinfurter states that Bruno, who was Emperor Henry II's brother, was "particularly well-suited to impart regal concepts and imperial traditions" to his ward. Bruno accompanied Henry to Rome where they attended Conrad's 1745:, born 11 November 1050, was elected king of Germany. Andrew of Hungary almost made peace, but Cuno convinced him otherwise. Henry appointed his young son duke of Bavaria and went to deal with the ongoing insurrection. Henry sent another army to assist Leo in the 955:. Only after the release of a large number of Bohemian hostages, including Bretislav's son, did Henry procure the release of his prisoners. Upon conclusion of the peace, Henry retreated hastily. On his return to Germany, he appointed Suidger—the future 667:

Hungary on Henry's behalf. Egilbert agreed to cede lands along the frontier to the Hungarians in return for the release of their prisoners. Henry accepted the terms and signed the peace treaty during a meeting with Stephen I in Hungary in early 1031.

1772:

from Bretislav to Casimir. Bretislaus nevertheless remained loyal to the end. Henry turned westwards and crowned his young son at Aachen on 17 July and then marched into Flanders, as the two Baldwins had rebelled again. John of Arras, who had seized

1889:, with Welf soon following him to the grave. Baldwin of Flanders and Godfrey were at it again, besieging Antwerp, and they were defeated again. Henry's reign was clearly changing in character: old foes were dead or dying and old friends as well. 1213:

Upon his return from the Hungarian expedition, Godfrey of Upper Lorraine established new alliances, including with Henry of France, who might support him in a likely future insurrection. The emperor reacted promptly and summoned Godfrey to

1546:, who had been a vassal of Guaimar as Prince of Capua. Thus, Guaimar was deprived of his greatest vassals, his principality split in two, and his greatest enemy reinstated. These decisions made Henry unpopular among the Lombards, and 1088:. He, Henry, granted universal indulgence and pardon while in turn promised himself to forgive all injuries suffered, pains endured and to refrain from all acts of vengeance and he encouraged all his imperial subjects to do likewise. 1361:, and returned to Aachen to celebrate Pentecost and to decide on the fate of Lorraine. Henry restored Godfrey, but transferred the county of Verdun to the bishop of the city, which angered the duke. Henry bestowed the lower duchy to 551:. Conrad was Gisela's third husband and she had given birth to three sons and possibly a daughter during her previous two marriages. Conrad was illiterate, but Gisela was solicitous to their son's education and Henry learnt to read. 1010:

he set out in September 1042 and successfully subdued the western territories of Hungary. Aba fled to his eastern estates, as Henry installed a cousin as steward, who was, however, quickly removed after the emperor had left.

1676:. Henry met Henry of France again, probably at Ivois in October and at Christmas, envoys from Rome came to seek a new pope, Damasus having died. Henry's most enduring papal selection was Bruno of Toul, who took office as 681:'s death Conrad II claimed the title to the Burgundian succession and marched his army to Burgundy during the winter of 1032/1033. In two large-scale military summer campaigns in 1033 and 1034, Conrad defeated his rival 1313:

and pledged an oath of fealty among his nobles. The crown of Hungary was bestowed on Peter in perpetuity and the kingdoms of Germany and Hungary were at peace. In July, Godfrey surrendered and was imprisoned at

558:, died on 13 July 1024. The German aristocrats who assembled at Kamba to elect his successor proclaimed Conrad of Worms king on 4 September. Conrad's opponent formed a coalition that included his stepson, 490:

from dependence on the Roman nobility and laid the foundation for its empire-wide authority. In the duchies, Henry enforced the sovereign royal right of disposition, thereby ensuring tighter control. In

1717:; and Richildis, widow of Herman of Mons and new bride of Baldwin of Antwerp, caused trouble. Godfrey was released and given Lower Lorraine, to safeguard the unstable peace attained two years before. 408: 458:

ten years later in 1038. The emperor's death the following year ended a remarkably smooth and harmonious transition process towards Henry's sovereign rule, that was rather uncharacteristic for the

1463:

on 20 December 1046 where he deposed all three papal candidates. In Rome he held a synod, declared all Roman priests unfit for office and as Adalbert of Bremen refused the honour, Henry appointed

1334:

as Henry III's successor. However, Henry III recovered, but remained without an heir. In early 1046, Henry's old advisor, Eckard of Meissen, died, leaving Meissen to Henry. He bestowed it on

1692:

1049 proved to be a successful year. Dirk of Holland was defeated and killed. Adalbert of Bremen managed a peace with Bernard of Saxony and negotiated a treaty with the missionary monarch

539:

referred to his sons in 1024, but its reliability is dubious. Henry was always mentioned as his father's sole son in charters issued after February 1028. Gisela, who was descended from

1828:, the son of Bretislaus, to the Bohemians as duke. Spitignev did homage and Bohemia remained securely, loyally, and happily within the Imperial fold. By Easter, Henry had arrived in 1069:, also known as the Speyer Gospel. The Dome of Speyer was gradually extended during the following years and a large burial sector was created for future rulers and royal continuity. 764: 2113: 640: 1680:, under whom the Church would be divided between East and West. Henry's final appointment of this long spate was a successor to Adalbert in Lorraine. For this, he appointed 1006:, a relative of the last independent duke. At Cologne, Henry summoned the royal princes, who unanimously declared war on Hungary. After he had sent a wedding delegation to 1713:. His troops fled the battlefield over a range of hills still called "Vértes" ("Armoured") because discarded armour has been found there for centuries. In Lower Lorraine, 1749:

against the Normans. He himself had confirmed their conquests as his vassals. Leo, without assistance from Guaimar (distanced from Henry since 1047), was defeated at the

1063:. Henry promoted Speyer far more than his father Conrad. Shortly before leaving for Italy, he endowed the church with a magnificently illustrated gospel book, called the 601:

on 24 July 1027. Henry's appointment to the duchy was unprecedented—Bavaria had never been ruled by a ten-year-old duke. In autumn 1027, the Emperor sent Bishop

1301:. During the preparations of the jaunt to Hungary where Henry had intended to spend Pentecost with King Peter, a wooden floor collapsed in a residence where 998:, and received emissaries from the Duchy of Burgundy, where he travelled during the new year to settle administrative and judicial matters. On the road near 2399:

Die Erziehung Heinrich III. in ihrer Bedeutung für die Entwicklung der staatlichen und kirchlichen Verhältnisse des 11. Jahrhunderts: Inaugural-Dissertation

1625:, accused of plotting to kill the king. Bernard, an enemy of Adalbert, was now clearly on Henry's bad side. Henry made peace with the new king of Hungary, 1191:

but failed. However, Henry considered the ducal fief to be a royal office and insisted on his prerogative when he appointed dignitaries at his discretion.

1416:

Henry summoned the senior princes of the empire and departed to Italy. His ally, Aribert of Milan, had recently died and the Milanese citizens had chosen

1046:(for friendship's sake). These territories had been ceded to Hungary after Conrad II's defeat of 1030. This border remained in place between Hungary and 1202:

Samuel Aba's sizeable army. Discord among the Magyar forces prevented cohesive manoeuvres and their troops quickly dispersed upon Henry's onslaught. At

884:, whom he had supported against his father. Henry's consensus with Aribert was an attempt to solve the old interior imperial conflict with Conrad. When 636:, proposed the hand of one of his sisters to Henry, but Conrad's envoy, Count Manegold of Donauwörth, refused the offer since she was already married. 1850:

to establish order. Godfrey, ostensibly the reason for the visit, was not well received by the people and returned to Flanders. Henry met the pope at

1147:) stirred up some consternation among many clerics, who opposed their union. The marriage, however, took place anyway and Agnes was crowned queen at 4668: 3409:(2013). "Heinrich IV., seine Halbschwester Azela und die Wahl zum Mitkönig am 26. Juni 1053 in Tribur: Zwei übersehene Quellenbelege aus Goslar". 939:

intended to establish a separate archbishopric. After having attended the reform sessions of a number of monasteries, Henry summoned his army at

632:

on his father's seals in accordance with Byzantine customs. Conrad sent another embassy to Constantinople. Constantine VIII's successor, Emperor

4095: 3804: 767:. However the conflict would not be resolved by Henry until 1040 through military and diplomatic pressure coupled with growing civil unrest. 1781:, to give John the castle, John would lead Henry through Flanders. The Flemish campaign was a success, but Liutpert could not be convinced. 2091: 1558:

Upon his return to Germany, Henry assigned the offices that had been left vacant. He transferred his last personal duchy, Carinthia, to

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On Christmas Day 1046, Clement was consecrated, and Henry and Agnes crowned emperor and empress. The Roman citizenry awarded Henry the

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as King of Hungary. Aba was eventually captured by Peter and beheaded. Henry implemented regular Imperial administration in Hungary.

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to win a bride from the Byzantine imperial family for Henry, but Werner's sudden death put an end to the negotiations with Emperor

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In Bohemia only a delegation that offered hostages appeased Henry and he disbanded his army and continued his tour. He visited

17: 1550:, although a papal vassal, would not approve of him. The Italian circuit was completed when he arrived at Verona in May 1047. 3256: 1998: 1404: 892:, by which he became triple-duke (Bavaria, Swabia and Carinthia) on top of being triple-king of Germany, Burgundy and Italy. 479: 328: 658:, as Henry's new tutor. Bavaria made raids into Hungary and provoked a Hungarian counter-attack. Conrad assembled Bavarian, 6272: 5987: 5230: 4661: 1014:

After Christmas at his chosen imperial residence, Goslar, he received foreign guests. Duke Bretislav appeared in person, a

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self-denial, he intended to prove his ability to hold pious kingship. Historians have referred since to the period of the

2740: 3293:

Annales Altahenses: eine Quellenschrift zur Geschichte des eilften Jahrhunderts aus Fragmenten und Excerpten hergestellt

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The right of a German court to try an Italian bishop was considered very controversial. The problem culminated in the

5406: 4458: 4438: 4418: 4088: 4004: 3984: 3964: 3797: 3384: 2186:"Kaiser Heinrich III. seine widersprüchliche Beurteilung und deren Gründe, in Historische Zeitschrift No. 246 (1988)" 1953: 1362: 866: 318: 3774: 6208: 5995: 5366: 4463: 4453: 4423: 4310: 3999: 3969: 3939: 1575: 823: 56: 1825: 1538:

title. Henry made Drogo, William's successor in Apulia, a direct vassal of the imperial crown. He did likewise to

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and left. The pope had died in the meantime and Henry chose Poppo of Brixen to succeed him, who adopted the name

617: 602: 1389: 478:(courage and honesty), which led to an unprecedented sacral exaltation of the kingship. In 1046 Henry ended the 5937: 5443: 5390: 4897: 4541: 4503: 4498: 4478: 4379: 4044: 4039: 4019: 3954: 3757: 3523: 3485: 2993: 2070: 1599: 1380:

that overshadowed the reigns of Henry's son and grandson. Henry moved on to Saxony and held imperial courts at

839: 1792:

as the next holder of the Petrine see, with the name Victor II. He was the last of Henry's four German popes.

5649: 5414: 5398: 5374: 5286: 4630: 4556: 4493: 4488: 4468: 4443: 4428: 4408: 4364: 4236: 4034: 4029: 4009: 3989: 3974: 3959: 3944: 3899: 1785: 1583: 1294: 1242: 1229:

In early 1045, Henry entered Lorraine at the head of an army, and besieged and conquered Godfrey's castle of

877: 651: 524: 504: 368: 3044:

Die deutschen Herrscher des Mittelalters: historische Portraits von Heinrich I. bis Maximilian I. (919–1519)

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The Medieval Empire in Central Europe: Dynastic Continuity in the Post-Carolingian Frankish Realm, 900–1300

2016: 1870: 1742: 1714: 1606: 1534:

In return, Guaimar had recognized the conquests of the Normans and invested William as his vassal with the

1335: 1180: 555: 333: 111: 6267: 6175: 6127: 6111: 6039: 6004: 5881: 5358: 5318: 5254: 4305: 4270: 4221: 3934: 3914: 3884: 3076: 1778: 1516: 1366: 1164: 1101: 1065: 987: 885: 815: 725: 87: 1777:

before, had been forced out by Baldwin of Flanders and so turned to the Emperor. In return for inducing

1330:

in October, so Henry of Bavaria and Otto of Swabia chose Otto's nephew and successor as count palatine,

6200: 6167: 6143: 6119: 6103: 6079: 6031: 6013: 5945: 5897: 5889: 5761: 5737: 5705: 4597: 4513: 4396: 3693: 2022: 1657: 1622: 1595: 1003: 873: 717: 394: 338: 4385: 2116:. Regesta Imperii - Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, Mainz. 18 July 2016. Archived from 1605:

Henry was at Metz in July 1047 when Godfrey once again rose in rebellion. Godfrey was now allied with

6277: 6192: 6151: 6055: 6022: 5929: 5921: 5905: 5873: 5825: 5801: 5745: 5689: 5673: 5665: 5480: 5459: 5436: 4625: 4606: 4587: 4354: 3703: 3683: 2687: 909: 559: 241: 2272: 2258: 1388:(in June) and Meissen, where he appointed his daughter Beatrice abbess and ended the strife between 6262: 6183: 6135: 6087: 5978: 5865: 5857: 5817: 5809: 5793: 5721: 5681: 4565: 4391: 3676: 1681: 1610: 1480: 713: 674:

in late June or early July in 1033. Egilbert received generous grants for his services on 19 July.

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Emperor Conrad II was determined to strengthen royal authority in Germany. Ignoring the claim of

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in February 1027. A year later, before departing for his first Italian campaign, Conrad charged

5585: 5529: 5165: 4546: 4315: 3397:(1999). "The cult of King Alfred". In Lapidge, Michael; Godden, Malcolm; Keynes, Simon (eds.). 1897: 1754: 1393: 1298: 1124: 1077: 967: 682: 3422:

North, William (2006). "Henry III". In Emmerson, Richard K.; Clayton-Emmerson, Sandra (eds.).

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Henry returned and at Christmas 1055 he arranged the subsequent marriage of his successor. In

1203: 597:, to Bavaria, Conrad persuaded the Bavarian aristocrats to acknowledge Henry as their duke in 5561: 5513: 5334: 4332: 4280: 4252: 3495: 3442: 3114: 2889: 2245: 2006: 1665: 1504: 1230: 621: 3297: 3148: 1306: 6242: 6237: 5545: 5521: 5342: 5209: 4578: 4532: 4413: 4343: 4320: 4290: 3924: 2842: 2185: 1859: 1837: 1784:

Bretislav, who had regained Silesia in a short war, died in 1054. The margrave of Austria,

1768:

In 1054, Henry traveled north to deal with the bellicose Casimir of Poland. He transferred

1730: 1697: 1370: 1353:. Henry personally led a campaign against Count Dirk and recovered Flushing. He gave it to 1199: 1039: 1022:

were rejected as the duke did not show up in person. Henry left for the French border near

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In October 1043, Henry, displaying deep personal piety, announced from the pulpit of the

1019: 881: 775: 697: 686: 643: 633: 548: 455: 264: 1710: 1645:. Godfrey then performed a public penance and assisted in the reconstruction of Verdun. 1080:

be respected all over his realms on that very day. This day was to be remembered as the

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In 1051, Henry undertook a third Hungarian campaign but suffered a major defeat at the

1614: 1489: 1346: 889: 655: 574: 528: 512: 428: 123: 65: 41: 4646: 3480:. The Middle Ages. Translated by Bowlus, Barbara M. University of Pennsylvania Press. 3194:

The Bishop Reformed: Studies of Episcopal Power and Culture in the Central Middle Ages

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under Henry's pressure. Finally, the war had ended in the Low Countries and Lorraine.

1218:. He was convicted and lost the duchy of Upper Lorraine and his fief of the county of 5625: 5537: 5500: 5236: 5217: 5062: 4815: 4207: 4136: 3839: 3737: 3519: 3481: 3462: 3380: 3252: 3198: 3171: 3144: 3120: 3048: 2989: 2962: 2958: 2925: 2895: 2164: 1985: 1961: 1957: 1841: 1567: 1358: 1290: 1168: 1027: 960: 917: 770:

In 1038, Henry was called to aid his father in Italy. On their return trip along the

570: 492: 467: 310: 3167:

The Envy of Angels: Cathedral Schools and Social Ideals in Medieval Europe, 950–1200

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and seized all castles of the Crescentii family. Joined by the pope, he ventured to

5769: 5609: 5490: 5470: 5151: 5070: 5046: 4402: 4300: 4180: 4126: 3859: 3844: 3629: 3088: 2863: 2784: 2032: 1920: 1824:, had married Godfrey of Lorraine (1054). First, however, he gave his old hostage, 1524: 1460: 1144: 1073: 978: 729: 705: 701: 663: 616:

At Conrad's initiative, the "clergy and the people" elected Henry his co-ruler and

610: 520: 508: 459: 447: 440: 378: 343: 245: 171: 144: 3291: 2838:

Das Königthum und Kaiserthum Heinrich III.: Eine verfaszungsgeschichtl. Monografie

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coast Gunhilda died from an epidemic that apparently had also caused the death of

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Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, c. 936-1075

3140: 2885: 2048: 1886: 1878: 1846: 1789: 1539: 1493: 1315: 1282: 1172: 1136: 1015: 943:. In July he joined with contingents at Goslar and deployed his entire army at 935:

Henry led his first military campaign as sovereign in 1040 into Bohemia, where

720:, were engaged on 18 May 1035. On the same occasion Conrad declared war on the 606: 463: 432: 358: 50: 3092: 1002:

he learnt of Hungarian raids into Bavaria and bestowed the duchy to a certain

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of the dukes. In order to diminish their power he appointed the younger son

1139:. The association with this boisterous vassal of the king of France and her 1108: 782:. In 1039, Emperor Conrad II also died, and Henry succeeded him as king and 4161: 4112: 3518:. Translated by Kaiser, Denise A. The Pennsylvania State University Press. 3394: 1800: 1257: 386: 1339: 1249:, paid homage and Burgundy was subsequently incorporated into the empire. 535:. Conrad may have fathered a son before his marriage to Gisela, because a 5124: 5030: 4326: 3824: 2985:

Sword, Miter, and Cloister: Nobility and the Church in Burgundy, 980–1198

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In 1052, Henry undertook a fourth campaign against Hungary, and besieged

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Ryley, Caroline M. (1964). "The Emperor Henry III". In Gwatkin, H. M.;

3077:"Ordnungskonfigurationen im Konflikt Das Beispiel Kaiser Heinrichs III" 2212:"Spes imperii – Heinrichs III. Herrschaftspraxis und Reichsintegration" 2026: 1721: 1661: 1563: 1468: 1440: 1350: 1345:

Henry then moved to Lower Lorraine, where Gothelo II had just died and

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and continued to pursue his father's political course on the basis of

55:

Henry with the symbols of rulership attending the consecration of the

5204: 5054: 4953: 4913: 4889: 4873: 4738: 4730: 4705: 3834: 3622: 3587: 3571: 2010: 1862:, son of Beatrice, refused to come to Florence and died within days. 1547: 1385: 1234: 1031: 947:. He set out on 13 August and was soon ambushed in the passes of the 900: 835: 756: 737: 436: 101: 3219: 3040: 2002: 1866: 1154: 810:

Henry inaugurated his reign with a tour through his domains. In the

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Popes and Antipopes: The Politics of Eleventh Century Church Reform

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Bishop Bruno of Augsburg died on 6 April 1029 and Conrad appointed

566: 487: 3153:. Dalcassian Publishing Company. pp. 285–. GGKEY:TY4HYGTG9WL. 1649: 1467:, who was acclaimed by the people and clergy. He adopted the name 450:

in 1026, appointed him co-ruler in 1028 and bestowed him with the

5001: 4993: 4865: 4857: 4849: 4833: 4825: 4754: 4746: 4692: 1992: 1904: 1893: 1774: 1769: 1535: 1354: 1198:, entered Hungary at the head of a moderately sized force, which 1160: 1047: 1034:. Henry next returned to Hungary and forced Aba to recognize the 854: 819: 748: 721: 353: 230: 1854:

and arrested Beatrice, for marrying a traitor, and her daughter

6009:(1347–1349; Lower: 1349–1353; Landshut: 1353–1375; Upper: 1363) 4929: 4799: 4770: 4762: 2747:

Vol. 7. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 4 January 2016

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and received acknowledgement from the present Italian princes.

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The Cambridge Medieval History:Germany and the Western Empire

2240:. Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters: 581–592. 1940:

Henry III was married twice and had at least eight children:

1591: 1511:. However, Henry returned Capua to the twice-deprived Prince 1500: 1456: 1452: 1222:. Godfrey fled and took up arms in revolt. Henry wintered at 1148: 1023: 999: 752: 744: 516: 1795: 1725:

deposed by a small council of princes for his conflict with

1455:, where he held court and dispensed justice. He moved on to 1273:

Henry settled political issues with the Lombard magnates at

4778: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3335: 3333: 3331: 3029: 2981: 2594: 2570: 2510: 1908: 1653: 1587: 1515:, a highly unpopular choice. Guaimar had been acclaimed as 1207: 834:

as a future imperial residence. Heading an army he entered

760: 639: 91: 59:

monastery church on 5 June 1040, mid-11th-century miniature

2682: 2635: 2623: 1919:, to rest next to his father's in the family vault of the 1617:

Godfrey's former lands and oversaw the trial by combat of

1609:, his son (the margrave of Antwerp), Dirk of Holland, and 685:. On 1 August 1034, Conrad II officially incorporated the 3478:

The Salian Century: Main Currents in an Age of Transition

2666: 2664: 2662: 2613: 2611: 2609: 2488: 2486: 2484: 2235: 1900:

to the young Henry, whom he commended the pope, present.

1163:, where he again announced an indulgence. In April 1044, 862: 3351: 3328: 3316: 3270: 3268: 3019: 3017: 2582: 2558: 2534: 2522: 2498: 2469: 2459: 2457: 2442: 2418: 2367: 2365: 2352: 2350: 2348: 2346: 2295: 4676: 2331: 2307: 1892:

Herman of Cologne died. Henry appointed his confessor,

1613:. Henry gathered an army and went north, where he gave 1570:, appointed to several other sees, installing Guido in 1309:

was killed. In Hungary, Peter presented Henry with the

876:

where he was recognized by a Burgundian embassy and by

724:, a pagan Slavic tribe and deposed his brother-in-law, 503:

Born on 28 October 1016, or 1017, Henry was the son of

3498:(1968). "The Reform of the Church". In Tanner, J. R.; 2803: 2738:

Kampers, Franz. "Henry III." The Catholic Encyclopedia

2702: 2659: 2647: 2606: 2481: 2395: 2160:

Christianisierung und Reichsbildungen: Europa 700–1200

2137: 2135: 1858:, later to be such an enemy of Henry's son. The young 1018:

marriage embassy was dismissed and the ambassadors of

763:

where he then acquired a big stick, famously known as

584: 519:

when his son was born. He was related to the imperial

3304: 3265: 3133: 3014: 2714: 2688:"The early history of the house of Savoy (1000-1233)" 2546: 2454: 2430: 2406: 2377: 2362: 2343: 2319: 2217:. Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften 2039:– 14 March 1092 or 1096), married, firstly, in 1063, 1439:

who had previously renounced the throne, Sylvester a

689:

into the Holy Roman Empire at a ceremony held in the

446:

Henry was raised by his father, who made him Duke of

3002: 2283: 982:

Conrad II and his wife Gisela kneel in front of the

895: 732:

upon their children's marriage, which took place in

6179:(Munich: 1460–1508; Landshut: 1503–1508; 1508–1550) 6027:(1347–1349; Lower: 1349–1353; Straubing: 1353–1404) 6018:(1347–1349; Lower: 1349–1353; Straubing: 1353–1388) 3244: 3170:. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 202–. 2834: 2132: 1804:

Imperial orb from the burial inventory of Henry III

431:from 1046 until his death in 1056. A member of the 5974:(1347–1349; Upper: 1349–1351; Landshut: 1373–1379) 1820:, ever an imperial ally, had died, and his widow, 3217: 3163: 3139: 3074: 1816:In 1055, Henry turned south, to Italy again, for 1155:Conflicts in Lorraine and pacification in Hungary 6224: 2830: 2828: 2826: 2824: 2822: 2820: 2818: 2156: 1226:and prepared for the Lorraine campaign of 1045. 888:was deposed by Conrad, Henry also inherited the 861:of Hungary sent raiding parties into Swabia. At 3424:Key Figures in Medieval Europe: An Encyclopedia 3411:Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte 3286: 3280: 3041:Bernd Schneidmüller; Stefan Weinfurter (2003). 2152: 2150: 951:and forced to retreat with heavy losses at the 628:on Easter 1028. Henry was thereafter named the 3516:Conrad II, 990–1039: Emperor of Three Kingdoms 2917: 2757: 1885:case, it all came to naught, and Cuno died of 1131:. She resided at the court of her stepfather, 1091: 5444: 4662: 4089: 3798: 2943: 2941: 2913: 2911: 2815: 2029:– 10 April 1055), duke of Bavaria (from 1054) 6123:(Landshut: 1393–1450; Ingolstadt: 1447–1450) 3449:. Vol. III. Cambridge University Press. 3184: 2975: 2921:The Oxford Handbook of Medieval Christianity 2894:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 98–. 2147: 1684:, a relative of Adalbert and Henry himself. 1496:and reverted most of his father's policies. 515:aristocrat who held domains along the river 419:, 28 October 1016 – 5 October 1056), called 3112: 2183: 1903:On 5 October, not yet forty, Henry died at 1245:. When Henry arrived, Reginald and Gerold, 816:Gothelo I, Duke of Upper and Lower Lorraine 789: 670:Egilbert's mentorship lasted until Henry's 5451: 5437: 4669: 4655: 4096: 4082: 3805: 3791: 3506:. Vol. V. Cambridge University Press. 3475: 3345: 3197:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. pp. 135–. 3157: 3106: 2938: 2908: 2878: 2733: 2731: 2729: 2588: 2576: 2564: 2540: 2528: 2504: 2475: 2424: 2389: 2337: 2313: 2301: 2060:Azela, mother of bishop Johannes of Speyer 916:, that includes the emperor's palace, the 49: 6075:(Munich: 1397–1438; Straubing: 1429–1438) 6067:(Munich: 1397–1435; Straubing: 1429–1435) 3374: 3322: 3248:Married Life in the Middle Ages, 900-1300 3238: 3191:John S. Ott; Anna Trumbore Jones (2007). 2690:. Cambridge, The University press Archive 2089: 1796:Preparing Italy and Germany for his death 1586:. The important Lorrainian bishoprics of 1420:to succeed him. In Rome, the three popes 3220:"Das Jahrhundert der Salier (1024–1125)" 2891:Medieval Polities and Modern Mentalities 1911:mountains. His heart was transferred to 1807: 1799: 1736: 1403: 1264: 1256: 1107: 1095: 977: 899: 826:, who accompanied him and his mother to 798: 638: 4103: 3812: 3510: 3494: 3274: 3245:Elisabeth van Houts (31 January 2019). 3070: 3068: 3066: 3064: 2809: 2770: 2726: 2720: 2708: 2670: 2653: 2641: 2629: 2617: 2600: 2516: 2492: 2463: 2448: 2436: 2412: 2383: 2371: 2356: 2325: 2289: 2209: 1668:and, at Ulm in January 1048, Swabia to 1652:, which was stoutly defended by Bishop 1582:and his German chancellor Theodoric in 1553: 759:) decree, Henry travelled south of the 565:Conrad designated Henry as his heir in 466:monarchs. Henry succeeded Conrad II as 279: 1036; died 1038) 14: 6225: 6147:(Munich: 1460–1467; Dachau: 1467–1501) 3453: 3393: 3310: 3023: 2947: 2884: 2858: 2856: 2854: 2852: 2552: 2238:"Das Geburtsjahr Heinrichs III.: 1016" 2157:Rudolf Schieffer (30 September 2013). 1935: 1741:On 26 June 1053, at Tribur, the young 1399: 1183:as duke of the Lower duchy instead of 1100:Henry III and Agnes at Mary's throne, 1053: 5432: 4650: 4077: 3786: 3440: 3421: 3405: 3357: 3008: 2771:Cowdrey, H. E. J. (22 January 1966). 2141: 2114:"Heinrich III. mit neuem Geburtsjahr" 1194:On 6 July 1044 Henry, accompanied by 1143:with Henry (both were descendants of 975:treaty with Bretislav at Regensburg. 743:In Spring 1037, a revolt in Northern 5458: 3211: 3150:The History of Medieval Europe p.285 3061: 2982:Constance Brittain Bouchard (1987). 2236:Gerhard Lubich; Dirk Jäckel (2016). 1907:, the imperial hunting lodge in the 1687: 27:Holy Roman Emperor from 1046 to 1056 2849: 1988:from 1061 and Quedlinburg from 1063 1765:. The Swabians were cut to pieces. 1696:. With the assistance of Sweyn and 1656:. Henry gave Upper Lorraine to one 830:, where he established the town of 585:Dynastic consolidation and co-ruler 24: 6099:(1375–1392; Ingolstadt: 1392–1413) 3435:The Normans in the South 1016–1130 3251:. OUP inrichOxford. pp. 47–. 3218:Stefan Weinfurter (January 2006). 2789:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1966.tb01165.x 2106: 2083: 1812:Sarcophagus of Henry III in Goslar 1761:, his younger brother; and Prince 1578:, the provost Herman of Speyer in 1432:contested the pontifical honours. 1321: 1252: 1038:territories, a former donation of 324:Adelaide II, Abbess of Quedlinburg 25: 6289: 3461:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 1956:(1037 – 13 July 1061), abbess of 1832:. He held several courts, one at 1363:Frederick, Duke of Lower Lorraine 904:Henry III established the Salian 896:Conflict with Bohemia and Hungary 857:, when, upon his departure, King 794: 319:Beatrice I, Abbess of Quedlinburg 75:25 December 1046 – 5 October 1056 6248:11th-century Holy Roman Emperors 6083:(1375–1392; Landshut: 1392–1393) 4704: 4058: 4057: 3296:. Duncker und Humblot. pp. 2773:"Archbishop Aribert Ii of Milan" 2092:"The curious story of Henry III" 1836:—where, a century later (1158), 824:Herman II, Archbishop of Cologne 393: 2764: 2750: 2676: 2396:Johann Heinrich Albers (1872). 2273:"Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor" 1503:, Henry was received by Prince 728:. Conrad entrusted Canute with 523:through his great-grandmother, 298: 276: 6171:(Munich: 1465–1505; 1505–1508) 6091:(1375–1392; Munich: 1392–1397) 3538:Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor 3504:The Cambridge Medieval History 3379:. Cambridge University Press. 2684:Previté-Orton, Charles William 2265: 2229: 2203: 2177: 2094:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre 2071:Family tree of German monarchs 1984:– 11 January 1096), abbess of 1704: 1476:Golden Chain of the Patriciate 1443:, and Gregory was a reformer ( 1281:with the duchy of Swabia, the 1261:Statue of Henry III in Hamburg 994:Henry spent Christmas 1041 at 840:Eckard II, Margrave of Meissen 134:14 April 1028 – 5 October 1056 13: 1: 6253:11th-century dukes of Bavaria 6233:Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor 5983:(1347–1349; Upper: 1349–1361) 5965:(Upper: 1301–1340; 1340–1347) 5877:(1253–1255; Upper: 1255–1294) 3401:. Cambridge University Press. 2924:. OUP Oxford. pp. 486–. 2402:. Universitäts-Buchdruckerei. 2076: 2001:(October 1048 – 12 May 1060, 1243:Reginald I, Count of Burgundy 543:, had a strong claim both to 498: 369:Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor 3047:. C.H. Beck. pp. 136–. 2988:. Cornell University Press. 2835:Friedrich Steinhoff (1865). 2055:With an anonymous concubine: 1664:. Henry gave Bavaria to one 1574:, his chaplain Theodoric in 1412:in a 15th-century manuscript 1390:Siemomysł, Duke of Pomerania 334:Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor 181:4 June 1039 – 5 October 1056 7: 6273:Burials at Speyer Cathedral 6096:Stephen III the Magnificent 3476:Weinfurter, Stefan (1999). 3375:Bernhardt, John W. (2002). 2163:. C.H.Beck. pp. 150–. 2064: 1779:Liutpert, Bishop of Cambrai 1517:Duke of Apulia and Calabria 1092:Marriage to Agnes of Poitou 726:Adalbero, Duke of Carinthia 554:The last Ottonian monarch, 435:, he was the eldest son of 10: 6294: 5930:Henry XV the Natternberger 5917:(Upper: Regent: 1294–1302) 4598:North German Confederation 4514:Confederation of the Rhine 3367: 3164:C. Stephen Jaeger (2013). 3087:. Uni Heidelberg: 79–100. 3075:Stefan Weinfurter (2015). 2043:, and, secondly, in 1089, 1869:, the heir to the throne, 1623:Bernard II, Duke of Saxony 1241:, challenged and defeated 1159:Henry spent the winter at 1066:Codex Aureus Escorialensis 988:Codex Aureus Escorialensis 912:) and spiritual center at 339:Conrad II, Duke of Bavaria 329:Matilda, Duchess of Swabia 5979:Louis V the Brandenburger 5509: 5466: 5229: 5114: 5021: 4790: 4713: 4702: 4685: 4615: 4596: 4577: 4555: 4531: 4512: 4201: 4160: 4111: 4053: 3820: 3771: 3762: 3754: 3744: 3735: 3727: 3717: 3708: 3700: 3690: 3681: 3673: 3662: 3651: 3636: 3627: 3614: 3604: 3576: 3568: 3563: 3536: 3437:. Longmans: London, 1967. 3093:10.11588/vuf.2001.0.17742 1715:Lambert, Count of Louvain 747:is started by Archbishop 736:during the 1036 feast of 560:Ernest II, Duke of Swabia 482:, was crowned Emperor by 384: 374: 364: 352: 309: 253: 242:Imperial Palace of Goslar 236: 220: 205: 201: 193: 185: 177: 166: 158: 150: 138: 130: 117: 107: 97: 79: 71: 64: 48: 39: 34: 6193:Albert V the Magnanimous 6176:William IV the Steadfast 6112:Louis VIII the Hunchback 5690:Henry II the Quarrelsome 5117:(title disputed 887–933) 4566:Archduke John of Austria 3502:; Brooke, Z. N. (eds.). 3288:von Giesebrecht, Wilhelm 3081:Vorträge und Forschungen 1611:Herman, Count of Hainaut 1594:received, respectively, 1277:. In Goslar he invested 1175:died. Henry opposed the 1061:"Christomimetic royalty" 1026:, in order to meet King 886:Adalbero I of Eppenstein 790:Royal and imperial reign 624:, crowned Henry king in 344:Judith, Queen of Hungary 6115:(Ingolstadt: 1443–1445) 6107:(Ingolstadt: 1413–1443) 3145:Shotwell, James Thomson 3119:. Brill. pp. 10–. 2918:John H. Arnold (2014). 1925:Investiture Controversy 1842:far more important diet 1818:Boniface III of Tuscany 1378:Investiture Controversy 1177:political particularism 1123:, the daughter of Duke 924:, the palace chapel of 765:"The Big Stick of 1037" 679:Rudolph III of Burgundy 6059:(Straubing: 1417-1425) 6051:(Straubing: 1417-1429) 6043:(Straubing: 1404–1417) 6035:(Straubing: 1389–1397) 5781:(1070–1077, 1096–1101) 5757:(1053–1054, 1055–1061) 5725:(1004–1009, 1017–1026) 2841:. Deuerlich. pp. 2743:6 October 2021 at the 2253:Cite journal requires 1968:With his second wife, 1813: 1805: 1413: 1299:Margraviate of Antwerp 1270: 1262: 1125:William V of Aquitaine 1119:In 1043 Henry married 1116: 1105: 1078:Peace and Truce of God 991: 932: 922:St. Simon and St. Jude 814:he received homage of 807: 683:Odo II, Count of Blois 647: 416: 18:1028 Imperial election 6163:(Landshut: 1479–1503) 6155:(Landshut: 1450–1479) 6104:Louis VII the Bearded 6056:John III the Pitiless 5717:(995–1004, 1009–1017) 5706:Henry III the Younger 5626:Louis III the Younger 2866:. Deutsche Biographie 2009:, duke of Swabia and 2007:Rudolf of Rheinfelden 1944:With his first wife, 1811: 1803: 1737:Final wars in Germany 1629:, and moved into the 1505:Guaimar IV of Salerno 1488:, the capital of the 1407: 1268: 1260: 1111: 1099: 981: 903: 802: 642: 622:Archbishop of Cologne 42:Emperor of the Romans 6080:Frederick I the Wise 5866:Otto the Illustrious 5826:Henry XI Jasomirgott 5327:Lothair III (or II) 4680:between 476 and 1556 4579:German Confederation 4533:German Confederation 3500:Previté-Orton, C. W. 3431:Norwich, John Julius 3113:Mary Stroll (2011). 2603:, pp. 141, 231. 2519:, pp. 141, 187. 1860:Frederick of Tuscany 1838:Frederick Barbarossa 1790:Gebhard of Eichstedt 1731:Bishop of Regensburg 1698:Edward the Confessor 1648:The rebels besieged 1554:Henry's appointments 1478:and elevated him to 1447:). Henry marched to 1371:archbishop of Bremen 1239:Count of Montbéliard 1115:divided, around 1000 1040:Stephen I of Hungary 646:, Henry's first wife 630:"hope of the empire" 603:Werner of Strasbourg 595:Stephen I of Hungary 88:St. Peter's Basilica 6201:William V the Pious 6139:(Munich: 1460–1463) 6131:(Munich: 1438–1460) 5874:Louis II the Strict 5853:(Regent: 1183–1191) 5653:(Margrave: 895–907) 5645:(Margrave: 890–895) 5610:Louis II the German 4118:Carolingian dynasty 4105:Monarchs of Germany 3814:Holy Roman emperors 3765:Margrave of Meissen 3399:Anglo-Saxon England 3360:, pp. 217–227. 2644:, pp. 233–234. 2632:, pp. 232–233. 1946:Gunhilda of Denmark 1936:Family and children 1921:cathedral of Speyer 1757:, Count of Apulia; 1753:on 18 June 1053 by 1694:Sweyn II of Denmark 1670:Otto of Schweinfurt 1607:Baldwin of Flanders 1562:, made his Italian 1529:Drogo of Hauteville 1400:Imperial coronation 1332:Henry I of Lorraine 1269:Royal seal of Henry 1206:Peter regained his 1082:"Day of Indulgence" 1054:Promotion of Speyer 1044:pro causa amicitiae 1020:Casimir I of Poland 882:Archbishop of Milan 865:, Henry convened a 822:, he was joined by 776:Herman IV of Swabia 698:Gunhilda of Denmark 691:Cathedral of Geneva 687:Kingdom of Burgundy 644:Gunhilda of Denmark 634:Romanos III Argyros 579:imperial coronation 527:—a daughter of the 456:Kingdom of Burgundy 265:Gunhilda of Denmark 6268:Dukes of Carinthia 6168:Albert IV the Wise 6120:Henry XVI the Rich 5991:(Upper: 1361–1363) 5957:(Lower: 1339–1340) 5949:(Lower: 1310–1339) 5941:(Lower: 1310–1334) 5933:(Lower: 1312–1333) 5925:(Upper: 1294–1317) 5909:(Lower: 1290–1312) 5901:(Lower: 1290–1310) 5893:(Lower: 1290–1296) 5885:(Lower: 1253–1290) 5834:Henry XII the Lion 5802:Henry IX the Black 5693:(955–976, 985–995) 5486:Bavaria-Ingolstadt 4203:Kingdom of Germany 4167:Kingdom of Germany 3665:Holy Roman Emperor 3641:Title next held by 3619:Title last held by 2045:Ladislaus I Herman 2041:Solomon of Hungary 1844:—and sent out his 1814: 1806: 1763:Richard I of Capua 1751:Battle of Civitate 1682:Gerard of Chatenoy 1615:Adalbert of Bremen 1523:mercenaries under 1490:counts of Tusculum 1465:Suidger of Bamberg 1414: 1347:Dirk IV of Holland 1326:Henry fell ill at 1307:Bishop of Würzburg 1271: 1263: 1117: 1106: 1102:Speyer Evangeliary 992: 970:was overthrown by 933: 930:Church of Our Lady 910:imperial residence 890:Duchy of Carinthia 872:Henry returned to 808: 700:, the daughter of 656:Bishop of Freising 648: 593:, the son of King 575:Bishop of Augsburg 529:Holy Roman Emperor 476:virtus et probitas 429:Holy Roman Emperor 124:King of the Romans 66:Holy Roman Emperor 6220: 6219: 6160:George I the Rich 6152:Louis IX the Rich 5501:Bavaria-Straubing 5426: 5425: 5237:Holy Roman Empire 4644: 4643: 4570: 4569:(Imperial Regent) 4208:Holy Roman Empire 4137:Louis the Younger 4071: 4070: 3781: 3780: 3772:Succeeded by 3745:Succeeded by 3738:Duke of Carinthia 3718:Succeeded by 3691:Succeeded by 3605:Succeeded by 3258:978-0-19-251974-0 2959:Kohlhammer Verlag 2579:, pp. 29–30. 2451:, pp. 78–79. 2184:Friedrich Prinz. 2120:on 20 August 2022 1873:, was engaged to 1733:. Cuno revolted. 1688:Peace in Lorraine 1621:, the brother of 1568:Bishop of Ravenna 1394:Casimir of Poland 1359:Bishop of Utrecht 1291:Duchy of Lorraine 1129:Agnes of Burgundy 1028:Henry I of France 961:bishop of Bamberg 918:collegiate church 468:Duke of Carinthia 401: 400: 16:(Redirected from 6285: 6278:Sons of emperors 5954:John I the Child 5842:Otto the Redhead 5770:Otto of Nordheim 5491:Bavaria-Landshut 5471:Duchy of Bavaria 5460:Dukes of Bavaria 5453: 5446: 5439: 5430: 5429: 5418: 5410: 5402: 5394: 5386: 5378: 5370: 5362: 5354: 5346: 5338: 5330: 5322: 5314: 5306: 5298: 5290: 5282: 5274: 5266: 5258: 5250: 5231:Kingdom of Italy 5221: 5213: 5199: 5191: 5183: 5169: 5155: 5147: 5133: 5106: 5098: 5090: 5082: 5074: 5066: 5058: 5050: 5042: 5034: 5013: 5005: 4997: 4989: 4981: 4973: 4965: 4957: 4949: 4941: 4933: 4925: 4917: 4909: 4901: 4893: 4885: 4877: 4869: 4861: 4853: 4845: 4837: 4829: 4821: 4811: 4803: 4782: 4774: 4766: 4758: 4750: 4742: 4734: 4726: 4708: 4696: 4671: 4664: 4657: 4648: 4647: 4568: 4127:Louis the German 4098: 4091: 4084: 4075: 4074: 4061: 4060: 3807: 3800: 3793: 3784: 3783: 3755:Preceded by 3728:Preceded by 3701:Preceded by 3674:Preceded by 3630:King of Burgundy 3569:Preceded by 3559: 3552: 3534: 3533: 3529: 3507: 3491: 3472: 3450: 3427: 3418: 3402: 3390: 3361: 3355: 3349: 3343: 3326: 3320: 3314: 3308: 3302: 3301: 3284: 3278: 3272: 3263: 3262: 3242: 3236: 3235: 3233: 3231: 3215: 3209: 3208: 3188: 3182: 3181: 3161: 3155: 3154: 3137: 3131: 3130: 3110: 3104: 3103: 3101: 3099: 3072: 3059: 3058: 3038: 3027: 3021: 3012: 3006: 3000: 2999: 2979: 2973: 2972: 2945: 2936: 2935: 2915: 2906: 2905: 2882: 2876: 2875: 2873: 2871: 2860: 2847: 2846: 2832: 2813: 2807: 2801: 2800: 2768: 2762: 2761: 2754: 2748: 2735: 2724: 2718: 2712: 2706: 2700: 2699: 2697: 2695: 2680: 2674: 2668: 2657: 2651: 2645: 2639: 2633: 2627: 2621: 2615: 2604: 2598: 2592: 2586: 2580: 2574: 2568: 2562: 2556: 2550: 2544: 2538: 2532: 2526: 2520: 2514: 2508: 2502: 2496: 2490: 2479: 2473: 2467: 2461: 2452: 2446: 2440: 2434: 2428: 2422: 2416: 2410: 2404: 2403: 2393: 2387: 2381: 2375: 2369: 2360: 2354: 2341: 2335: 2329: 2323: 2317: 2311: 2305: 2299: 2293: 2287: 2281: 2280: 2279:. 12 March 2024. 2269: 2263: 2262: 2256: 2251: 2249: 2241: 2233: 2227: 2226: 2224: 2222: 2216: 2207: 2201: 2200: 2198: 2196: 2191:. MGH Bibliothek 2190: 2181: 2175: 2174: 2154: 2145: 2139: 2130: 2129: 2127: 2125: 2110: 2104: 2103: 2101: 2099: 2087: 2005:), married 1059 1915:and his body to 1898:swear allegiance 1711:Battle of Vértes 1527:and his brother 1525:William Iron Arm 1484:. Henry visited 1145:Henry the Fowler 1074:Konstanz Minster 968:Peter of Hungary 953:Battle at Brůdek 784:imperator in spe 755:. By Emperor's ( 730:Southern Jutland 706:Canute the Great 702:Emma of Normandy 611:Constantine VIII 581:on Easter 1027. 521:Ottonian dynasty 509:Gisela of Swabia 441:Gisela of Swabia 411: 397: 379:Gisela of Swabia 302: 300: 280: 278: 246:Speyer Cathedral 227: 215: 213: 145:Aachen Cathedral 85:25 December 1046 53: 32: 31: 21: 6293: 6292: 6288: 6287: 6286: 6284: 6283: 6282: 6263:Dukes of Swabia 6223: 6222: 6221: 6216: 5637:(King: 882–887) 5634:Charles the Fat 5629:(King: 880–882) 5621:(King: 876–880) 5613:(King: 817–843) 5505: 5462: 5457: 5427: 5422: 5416: 5408: 5400: 5392: 5384: 5376: 5368: 5360: 5352: 5344: 5336: 5328: 5320: 5312: 5304: 5296: 5288: 5280: 5272: 5264: 5256: 5248: 5239: 5234: 5225: 5219: 5211: 5197: 5189: 5181: 5167: 5153: 5145: 5131: 5116: 5110: 5104: 5096: 5088: 5080: 5072: 5064: 5056: 5048: 5040: 5032: 5017: 5011: 5003: 4995: 4987: 4979: 4971: 4963: 4955: 4947: 4939: 4931: 4923: 4915: 4907: 4899: 4891: 4883: 4875: 4867: 4859: 4851: 4843: 4835: 4827: 4819: 4809: 4801: 4786: 4780: 4772: 4764: 4756: 4748: 4740: 4732: 4724: 4709: 4700: 4694: 4681: 4675: 4645: 4640: 4611: 4592: 4573: 4551: 4527: 4508: 4375:Frederick (III) 4206: 4197: 4165: 4156: 4152:Louis the Child 4142:Charles the Fat 4116: 4107: 4102: 4072: 4067: 4049: 3816: 3811: 3777: 3768: 3760: 3750: 3741: 3733: 3723: 3714: 3706: 3696: 3687: 3684:Duke of Bavaria 3679: 3668: 3657: 3642: 3633: 3620: 3610: 3594: 3584: 3582: 3579:King of Germany 3574: 3553: 3547: 3546: 3539: 3532: 3526: 3512:Wolfram, Herwig 3488: 3469: 3455:Schutz, Herbert 3407:Lohse, Tillmann 3387: 3370: 3365: 3364: 3356: 3352: 3346:Weinfurter 1999 3344: 3329: 3321: 3317: 3309: 3305: 3285: 3281: 3273: 3266: 3259: 3243: 3239: 3229: 3227: 3216: 3212: 3205: 3189: 3185: 3178: 3162: 3158: 3141:Thorndike, Lynn 3138: 3134: 3127: 3111: 3107: 3097: 3095: 3073: 3062: 3055: 3039: 3030: 3022: 3015: 3007: 3003: 2996: 2980: 2976: 2969: 2961:. p. 112. 2946: 2939: 2932: 2916: 2909: 2902: 2886:Reuter, Timothy 2883: 2879: 2869: 2867: 2862: 2861: 2850: 2833: 2816: 2808: 2804: 2769: 2765: 2756: 2755: 2751: 2745:Wayback Machine 2736: 2727: 2719: 2715: 2707: 2703: 2693: 2691: 2681: 2677: 2669: 2660: 2652: 2648: 2640: 2636: 2628: 2624: 2616: 2607: 2599: 2595: 2589:Weinfurter 1999 2587: 2583: 2577:Weinfurter 1999 2575: 2571: 2565:Weinfurter 1999 2563: 2559: 2551: 2547: 2541:Weinfurter 1999 2539: 2535: 2529:Weinfurter 1999 2527: 2523: 2515: 2511: 2505:Weinfurter 1999 2503: 2499: 2491: 2482: 2476:Weinfurter 1999 2474: 2470: 2462: 2455: 2447: 2443: 2435: 2431: 2425:Weinfurter 1999 2423: 2419: 2411: 2407: 2394: 2390: 2382: 2378: 2370: 2363: 2355: 2344: 2338:Weinfurter 1999 2336: 2332: 2324: 2320: 2314:Weinfurter 1999 2312: 2308: 2302:Weinfurter 1999 2300: 2296: 2288: 2284: 2271: 2270: 2266: 2254: 2252: 2243: 2242: 2234: 2230: 2220: 2218: 2214: 2208: 2204: 2194: 2192: 2188: 2182: 2178: 2171: 2155: 2148: 2140: 2133: 2123: 2121: 2112: 2111: 2107: 2097: 2095: 2090:Jan Habermann. 2088: 2084: 2079: 2067: 2019:, his successor 1938: 1875:Bertha of Turin 1822:Beatrice of Bar 1798: 1759:Robert Guiscard 1739: 1707: 1690: 1556: 1542:, the count of 1435:Benedict was a 1402: 1324: 1322:War in Lorraine 1255: 1253:Height of power 1247:Count of Geneva 1157: 1133:Geoffrey Martel 1121:Agnes of Poitou 1094: 1086:"Day of Pardon" 1056: 1008:Agnes of Poitou 984:Majestas Domini 957:Pope Clement II 949:Bohemian Forest 898: 797: 792: 710:King of Denmark 587: 511:. Conrad was a 505:Conrad of Worms 501: 484:Pope Clement II 452:duchy of Swabia 407: 348: 305: 304: 301: 1043) 296: 292: 290:Agnes of Poitou 282: 274: 270: 267: 249: 229: 225: 216:28 October 1016 211: 209: 143: 121: 119:King of Germany 86: 60: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6291: 6281: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6265: 6260: 6258:Salian dynasty 6255: 6250: 6245: 6240: 6235: 6218: 6217: 6215: 6214: 6206: 6198: 6190: 6181: 6173: 6165: 6157: 6149: 6141: 6133: 6125: 6117: 6109: 6101: 6093: 6085: 6077: 6069: 6061: 6053: 6045: 6037: 6029: 6020: 6011: 6002: 5993: 5985: 5976: 5967: 5959: 5951: 5943: 5935: 5927: 5919: 5911: 5903: 5895: 5887: 5879: 5871: 5863: 5855: 5847: 5839: 5831: 5823: 5815: 5807: 5799: 5791: 5783: 5775: 5767: 5759: 5751: 5743: 5735: 5727: 5719: 5711: 5703: 5695: 5687: 5679: 5671: 5663: 5655: 5647: 5639: 5631: 5623: 5615: 5607: 5599: 5591: 5583: 5575: 5567: 5559: 5551: 5543: 5535: 5527: 5519: 5510: 5507: 5506: 5504: 5503: 5498: 5496:Bavaria-Munich 5493: 5488: 5483: 5478: 5473: 5467: 5464: 5463: 5456: 5455: 5448: 5441: 5433: 5424: 5423: 5421: 5420: 5412: 5407:Frederick III 5404: 5396: 5388: 5380: 5372: 5364: 5356: 5348: 5340: 5332: 5324: 5316: 5308: 5300: 5292: 5284: 5276: 5268: 5260: 5252: 5243: 5241: 5227: 5226: 5224: 5223: 5215: 5201: 5193: 5185: 5171: 5157: 5149: 5135: 5120: 5118: 5112: 5111: 5109: 5108: 5100: 5092: 5084: 5076: 5068: 5060: 5052: 5044: 5036: 5027: 5025: 5019: 5018: 5016: 5015: 5007: 4999: 4991: 4983: 4975: 4967: 4959: 4951: 4943: 4935: 4927: 4919: 4911: 4903: 4895: 4887: 4879: 4871: 4863: 4855: 4847: 4839: 4831: 4823: 4813: 4805: 4796: 4794: 4788: 4787: 4785: 4784: 4776: 4768: 4760: 4752: 4744: 4736: 4728: 4719: 4717: 4711: 4710: 4703: 4701: 4699: 4698: 4689: 4687: 4683: 4682: 4678:Kings of Italy 4674: 4673: 4666: 4659: 4651: 4642: 4641: 4639: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4622: 4620: 4613: 4612: 4610: 4609: 4603: 4601: 4594: 4593: 4591: 4590: 4588:Franz Joseph I 4584: 4582: 4575: 4574: 4572: 4571: 4562: 4560: 4553: 4552: 4550: 4549: 4544: 4538: 4536: 4529: 4528: 4526: 4525: 4519: 4517: 4510: 4509: 4507: 4506: 4501: 4496: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4441: 4436: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4399: 4394: 4389: 4382: 4377: 4372: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4340: 4335: 4330: 4323: 4318: 4313: 4308: 4303: 4298: 4293: 4288: 4283: 4278: 4276:Lothair II/III 4273: 4268: 4263: 4256: 4249: 4244: 4239: 4234: 4229: 4224: 4219: 4213: 4211: 4199: 4198: 4196: 4195: 4190: 4183: 4178: 4172: 4170: 4158: 4157: 4155: 4154: 4149: 4144: 4139: 4134: 4129: 4123: 4121: 4109: 4108: 4101: 4100: 4093: 4086: 4078: 4069: 4068: 4066: 4065: 4054: 4051: 4050: 4048: 4047: 4042: 4037: 4032: 4027: 4022: 4017: 4012: 4007: 4002: 3997: 3992: 3987: 3982: 3977: 3972: 3967: 3962: 3957: 3952: 3947: 3942: 3937: 3932: 3927: 3922: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3902: 3897: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3867: 3862: 3857: 3852: 3847: 3842: 3837: 3832: 3827: 3821: 3818: 3817: 3810: 3809: 3802: 3795: 3787: 3779: 3778: 3773: 3770: 3761: 3756: 3752: 3751: 3746: 3743: 3734: 3729: 3725: 3724: 3719: 3716: 3711:Duke of Swabia 3707: 3702: 3698: 3697: 3692: 3689: 3680: 3675: 3671: 3670: 3660: 3659: 3649: 3648: 3640: 3635: 3626: 3618: 3612: 3611: 3606: 3603: 3575: 3570: 3566: 3565: 3564:Regnal titles 3561: 3560: 3543:Salian dynasty 3540: 3537: 3531: 3530: 3524: 3508: 3496:Whitney, J. P. 3492: 3486: 3473: 3468:978-1443819664 3467: 3451: 3443:Whitney, J. P. 3438: 3428: 3419: 3403: 3391: 3385: 3371: 3369: 3366: 3363: 3362: 3350: 3327: 3325:, p. 311. 3323:Bernhardt 2002 3315: 3313:, p. 297. 3303: 3279: 3264: 3257: 3237: 3210: 3204:978-0754657651 3203: 3183: 3177:978-0812200300 3176: 3156: 3132: 3126:978-9004217010 3125: 3105: 3060: 3054:978-3406509582 3053: 3028: 3026:, p. 126. 3013: 3011:, p. 285. 3001: 2994: 2974: 2968:978-3170201835 2967: 2937: 2931:978-0191015007 2930: 2907: 2901:978-1139459549 2900: 2877: 2864:"Heinrich III" 2848: 2814: 2812:, p. 345. 2802: 2763: 2749: 2725: 2713: 2711:, p. 222. 2701: 2675: 2673:, p. 142. 2658: 2656:, p. 233. 2646: 2634: 2622: 2620:, p. 231. 2605: 2593: 2581: 2569: 2557: 2555:, p. 141. 2545: 2533: 2521: 2509: 2497: 2495:, p. 141. 2480: 2468: 2453: 2441: 2429: 2417: 2405: 2388: 2376: 2361: 2342: 2330: 2318: 2306: 2294: 2282: 2264: 2255:|journal= 2228: 2202: 2176: 2170:978-3406653766 2169: 2146: 2144:, p. 274. 2131: 2105: 2081: 2080: 2078: 2075: 2074: 2073: 2066: 2063: 2062: 2061: 2057: 2056: 2052: 2051: 2049:Duke of Poland 2030: 2020: 2014: 1996: 1991:Gisela (1047, 1989: 1974: 1973: 1965: 1964: 1950: 1949: 1937: 1934: 1879:House of Savoy 1847:missi dominici 1797: 1794: 1738: 1735: 1706: 1703: 1689: 1686: 1602:, a chaplain. 1555: 1552: 1540:Ranulf Drengot 1494:southern Italy 1401: 1398: 1365:and appointed 1323: 1320: 1316:Giebichenstein 1283:count palatine 1254: 1251: 1204:Székesfehérvár 1173:Upper Lorraine 1156: 1153: 1137:Count of Anjou 1093: 1090: 1055: 1052: 897: 894: 846:of Bohemia in 796: 795:Inaugural tour 793: 791: 788: 607:Constantinople 586: 583: 500: 497: 433:Salian dynasty 399: 398: 391: 382: 381: 376: 372: 371: 366: 362: 361: 359:Salian Dynasty 356: 350: 349: 347: 346: 341: 336: 331: 326: 321: 315: 313: 307: 306: 294: 288: 287: 286: 285: 272: 268: 263: 262: 261: 260: 257: 255: 251: 250: 240: 238: 234: 233: 228:(aged 39) 224:5 October 1056 222: 218: 217: 207: 203: 202: 199: 198: 195: 191: 190: 187: 183: 182: 179: 175: 174: 164: 163: 160: 156: 155: 152: 148: 147: 140: 136: 135: 132: 128: 127: 115: 114: 109: 105: 104: 99: 95: 94: 83: 77: 76: 73: 69: 68: 62: 61: 54: 46: 45: 37: 36: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6290: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6230: 6228: 6213: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6199: 6197: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6174: 6172: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6126: 6124: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6110: 6108: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6041: 6038: 6036: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6024: 6021: 6019: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5971: 5968: 5966: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5952: 5950: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5920: 5918: 5915: 5912: 5910: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5864: 5862: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5850:Agnes of Loon 5848: 5846: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5832: 5830: 5827: 5824: 5822: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5784: 5782: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5768: 5766: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5744: 5742: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5696: 5694: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5656: 5654: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5616: 5614: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5565:(c.716–c.719) 5563: 5560: 5558: 5557:(c.716–c.719) 5555: 5552: 5550: 5549:(c.716–c.719) 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5512: 5511: 5508: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5481:Lower Bavaria 5479: 5477: 5476:Upper Bavaria 5474: 5472: 5469: 5468: 5465: 5461: 5454: 5449: 5447: 5442: 5440: 5435: 5434: 5431: 5419: 5413: 5411: 5405: 5403: 5397: 5395: 5389: 5387: 5381: 5379: 5373: 5371: 5367:Frederick II 5365: 5363: 5357: 5355: 5349: 5347: 5341: 5339: 5333: 5331: 5325: 5323: 5317: 5315: 5309: 5307: 5301: 5299: 5293: 5291: 5285: 5283: 5277: 5275: 5269: 5267: 5261: 5259: 5253: 5251: 5245: 5244: 5242: 5238: 5232: 5228: 5222: 5216: 5214: 5207: 5206: 5202: 5200: 5194: 5192: 5186: 5184: 5177: 5176: 5172: 5170: 5163: 5162: 5158: 5156: 5150: 5148: 5141: 5140: 5136: 5134: 5127: 5126: 5122: 5121: 5119: 5113: 5107: 5101: 5099: 5093: 5091: 5085: 5083: 5077: 5075: 5069: 5067: 5061: 5059: 5053: 5051: 5045: 5043: 5037: 5035: 5029: 5028: 5026: 5024: 5020: 5014: 5008: 5006: 5000: 4998: 4992: 4990: 4984: 4982: 4976: 4974: 4968: 4966: 4960: 4958: 4952: 4950: 4944: 4942: 4936: 4934: 4928: 4926: 4920: 4918: 4912: 4910: 4904: 4902: 4896: 4894: 4888: 4886: 4880: 4878: 4872: 4870: 4864: 4862: 4856: 4854: 4848: 4846: 4840: 4838: 4832: 4830: 4824: 4822: 4818: 4814: 4812: 4806: 4804: 4798: 4797: 4795: 4793: 4789: 4783: 4777: 4775: 4769: 4767: 4761: 4759: 4753: 4751: 4745: 4743: 4737: 4735: 4729: 4727: 4721: 4720: 4718: 4716: 4712: 4707: 4697: 4691: 4690: 4688: 4684: 4679: 4672: 4667: 4665: 4660: 4658: 4653: 4652: 4649: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4631:Frederick III 4629: 4627: 4624: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4617:German Empire 4614: 4608: 4605: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4595: 4589: 4586: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4576: 4567: 4564: 4563: 4561: 4558: 4557:German Empire 4554: 4548: 4545: 4543: 4540: 4539: 4537: 4534: 4530: 4524: 4521: 4520: 4518: 4515: 4511: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4459:Ferdinand III 4457: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4439:Maximilian II 4437: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4419:Frederick III 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4404: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4387: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4345: 4341: 4339: 4336: 4334: 4331: 4329: 4328: 4324: 4322: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4312: 4309: 4307: 4304: 4302: 4299: 4297: 4294: 4292: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4274: 4272: 4269: 4267: 4264: 4262: 4261: 4257: 4255: 4254: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4215: 4214: 4212: 4209: 4204: 4200: 4194: 4191: 4189: 4188: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4177: 4174: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4163: 4159: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4114: 4110: 4106: 4099: 4094: 4092: 4087: 4085: 4080: 4079: 4076: 4064: 4056: 4055: 4052: 4046: 4043: 4041: 4038: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4018: 4016: 4013: 4011: 4008: 4006: 4005:Ferdinand III 4003: 4001: 3998: 3996: 3993: 3991: 3988: 3986: 3985:Maximilian II 3983: 3981: 3978: 3976: 3973: 3971: 3968: 3966: 3965:Frederick III 3963: 3961: 3958: 3956: 3953: 3951: 3948: 3946: 3943: 3941: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3931: 3928: 3926: 3923: 3921: 3918: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3903: 3901: 3898: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3888: 3886: 3883: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3858: 3856: 3853: 3851: 3848: 3846: 3843: 3841: 3838: 3836: 3833: 3831: 3828: 3826: 3823: 3822: 3819: 3815: 3808: 3803: 3801: 3796: 3794: 3789: 3788: 3785: 3776: 3767: 3766: 3759: 3753: 3749: 3740: 3739: 3732: 3726: 3722: 3713: 3712: 3705: 3699: 3695: 3686: 3685: 3678: 3672: 3667: 3666: 3661: 3656: 3655: 3654:King of Italy 3650: 3647: 3646: 3639: 3632: 3631: 3625: 3624: 3617: 3613: 3609: 3602: 3599: 3598: 3593: 3590: 3589: 3581: 3580: 3573: 3567: 3562: 3557: 3550: 3545: 3544: 3535: 3527: 3521: 3517: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3493: 3489: 3483: 3479: 3474: 3470: 3464: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3439: 3436: 3432: 3429: 3425: 3420: 3416: 3413:(in German). 3412: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3395:Keynes, Simon 3392: 3388: 3386:0-521-39489-9 3382: 3378: 3373: 3372: 3359: 3354: 3348:, p. 46. 3347: 3342: 3340: 3338: 3336: 3334: 3332: 3324: 3319: 3312: 3307: 3299: 3295: 3294: 3289: 3283: 3277:, p. 31. 3276: 3271: 3269: 3260: 3254: 3250: 3249: 3241: 3225: 3221: 3214: 3206: 3200: 3196: 3195: 3187: 3179: 3173: 3169: 3168: 3160: 3152: 3151: 3146: 3142: 3136: 3128: 3122: 3118: 3117: 3109: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3071: 3069: 3067: 3065: 3056: 3050: 3046: 3045: 3037: 3035: 3033: 3025: 3020: 3018: 3010: 3005: 2997: 2991: 2987: 2986: 2978: 2970: 2964: 2960: 2956: 2955: 2950: 2944: 2942: 2933: 2927: 2923: 2922: 2914: 2912: 2903: 2897: 2893: 2892: 2887: 2881: 2865: 2859: 2857: 2855: 2853: 2844: 2840: 2839: 2831: 2829: 2827: 2825: 2823: 2821: 2819: 2811: 2806: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2783:(171): 1–15. 2782: 2778: 2774: 2767: 2759: 2753: 2746: 2742: 2739: 2734: 2732: 2730: 2723:, p. 84. 2722: 2717: 2710: 2705: 2689: 2685: 2679: 2672: 2667: 2665: 2663: 2655: 2650: 2643: 2638: 2631: 2626: 2619: 2614: 2612: 2610: 2602: 2597: 2591:, p. 30. 2590: 2585: 2578: 2573: 2567:, p. 29. 2566: 2561: 2554: 2549: 2543:, p. 28. 2542: 2537: 2531:, p. 53. 2530: 2525: 2518: 2513: 2507:, p. 54. 2506: 2501: 2494: 2489: 2487: 2485: 2478:, p. 85. 2477: 2472: 2466:, p. 79. 2465: 2460: 2458: 2450: 2445: 2439:, p. 78. 2438: 2433: 2427:, p. 19. 2426: 2421: 2415:, p. 42. 2414: 2409: 2401: 2400: 2392: 2386:, p. 22. 2385: 2380: 2374:, p. 34. 2373: 2368: 2366: 2359:, p. 28. 2358: 2353: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2339: 2334: 2328:, p. 27. 2327: 2322: 2315: 2310: 2304:, p. 87. 2303: 2298: 2292:, p. 37. 2291: 2286: 2278: 2274: 2268: 2260: 2247: 2239: 2232: 2213: 2210:Thomas Zotz. 2206: 2187: 2180: 2172: 2166: 2162: 2161: 2153: 2151: 2143: 2138: 2136: 2119: 2115: 2109: 2093: 2086: 2082: 2072: 2069: 2068: 2059: 2058: 2054: 2053: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2031: 2028: 2024: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1997: 1995:– 6 May 1053) 1994: 1990: 1987: 1983: 1979: 1976: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1966: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1952: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1942: 1941: 1933: 1932:) at Goslar. 1931: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1901: 1899: 1895: 1890: 1888: 1882: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1863: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1848: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1810: 1802: 1793: 1791: 1787: 1782: 1780: 1776: 1771: 1766: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1734: 1732: 1728: 1723: 1718: 1716: 1712: 1702: 1699: 1695: 1685: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1646: 1644: 1640: 1637:'s palace at 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1603: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1551: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1532: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1497: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1482: 1477: 1472: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1433: 1431: 1427: 1426:Sylvester III 1423: 1419: 1411: 1408:Henry before 1406: 1397: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1374: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1343: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1319: 1317: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1267: 1259: 1250: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1227: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1211: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1196:Peter Orseolo 1192: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1152: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1141:consanguinity 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1114: 1110: 1103: 1098: 1089: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1070: 1068: 1067: 1062: 1051: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1012: 1009: 1005: 1001: 997: 989: 985: 980: 976: 973: 969: 964: 962: 958: 954: 950: 946: 942: 938: 931: 927: 923: 919: 915: 911: 907: 902: 893: 891: 887: 883: 879: 875: 870: 868: 864: 860: 859:Peter Orseolo 856: 851: 849: 845: 841: 838:where he met 837: 833: 829: 825: 821: 817: 813: 812:Low Countries 805: 801: 787: 785: 781: 777: 773: 768: 766: 762: 758: 754: 750: 746: 741: 739: 735: 731: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 707: 703: 699: 694: 692: 688: 684: 680: 675: 673: 668: 665: 661: 657: 653: 645: 641: 637: 635: 631: 627: 623: 619: 614: 612: 608: 604: 600: 596: 592: 582: 580: 576: 572: 568: 563: 561: 557: 552: 550: 546: 542: 538: 537:royal charter 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 514: 510: 506: 496: 494: 489: 485: 481: 477: 473: 472:King of Italy 469: 465: 461: 457: 453: 449: 444: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 405: 396: 392: 389: 388: 383: 380: 377: 373: 370: 367: 363: 360: 357: 355: 351: 345: 342: 340: 337: 335: 332: 330: 327: 325: 322: 320: 317: 316: 314: 312: 308: 291: 284: 283: 266: 259: 258: 256: 252: 247: 243: 239: 235: 232: 223: 219: 208: 204: 200: 196: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 173: 169: 168:King of Italy 165: 161: 157: 153: 149: 146: 142:14 April 1028 141: 137: 133: 129: 125: 120: 116: 113: 110: 106: 103: 100: 96: 93: 89: 84: 82: 78: 74: 70: 67: 63: 58: 52: 47: 44: 43: 38: 33: 30: 19: 6211: 6209:Maximilian I 6203: 6195: 6187: 6178: 6170: 6162: 6154: 6146: 6138: 6130: 6122: 6114: 6106: 6098: 6090: 6082: 6074: 6066: 6058: 6050: 6042: 6034: 6026: 6017: 6008: 5999: 5990: 5982: 5973: 5964: 5956: 5948: 5940: 5932: 5924: 5916: 5908: 5900: 5892: 5884: 5876: 5868: 5860: 5852: 5844: 5836: 5828: 5820: 5812: 5804: 5796: 5788: 5780: 5772: 5764: 5756: 5748: 5740: 5732: 5729: 5724: 5716: 5708: 5700: 5692: 5684: 5676: 5668: 5660: 5652: 5644: 5636: 5628: 5620: 5612: 5604: 5596: 5588: 5580: 5572: 5564: 5556: 5548: 5540: 5532: 5524: 5516: 5343:Frederick I 5294: 5210:Berengar II 5203: 5173: 5159: 5137: 5123: 5115:Non-dynastic 5087:Charles III 5031:Charlemagne 5023:Carolingians 4816: 4686:Non-dynastic 4464:Ferdinand IV 4454:Ferdinand II 4424:Maximilian I 4401: 4384: 4342: 4327:Henry (VIII) 4325: 4311:Frederick II 4266:Conrad (III) 4258: 4251: 4241: 4185: 4162:East Francia 4113:East Francia 4000:Ferdinand II 3970:Maximilian I 3940:Frederick II 3904: 3763: 3736: 3709: 3682: 3663: 3652: 3643: 3637: 3628: 3621: 3615: 3600: 3595: 3591: 3585: 3577: 3555: 3548: 3541: 3515: 3503: 3477: 3458: 3446: 3434: 3426:. Routledge. 3423: 3414: 3410: 3398: 3376: 3353: 3318: 3306: 3292: 3282: 3275:Whitney 1968 3247: 3240: 3228:. Retrieved 3223: 3213: 3193: 3186: 3166: 3159: 3149: 3135: 3115: 3108: 3096:. Retrieved 3084: 3080: 3043: 3004: 2984: 2977: 2953: 2949:Boshof, Egon 2920: 2890: 2880: 2868:. Retrieved 2837: 2810:Wolfram 2006 2805: 2780: 2776: 2766: 2752: 2721:Wolfram 2006 2716: 2709:Wolfram 2006 2704: 2692:. Retrieved 2678: 2671:Wolfram 2006 2654:Wolfram 2006 2649: 2642:Wolfram 2006 2637: 2630:Wolfram 2006 2625: 2618:Wolfram 2006 2601:Wolfram 2006 2596: 2584: 2572: 2560: 2548: 2536: 2524: 2517:Wolfram 2006 2512: 2500: 2493:Wolfram 2006 2471: 2464:Wolfram 2006 2449:Wolfram 2006 2444: 2437:Wolfram 2006 2432: 2420: 2413:Wolfram 2006 2408: 2398: 2391: 2384:Wolfram 2006 2379: 2372:Wolfram 2006 2357:Wolfram 2006 2340:, p. 6. 2333: 2326:Wolfram 2006 2321: 2316:, p. 5. 2309: 2297: 2290:Wolfram 2006 2285: 2276: 2267: 2246:cite journal 2231: 2219:. Retrieved 2205: 2193:. Retrieved 2179: 2159: 2122:. Retrieved 2118:the original 2108: 2096:. Retrieved 2085: 1939: 1929: 1902: 1891: 1883: 1864: 1845: 1815: 1783: 1767: 1740: 1719: 1708: 1691: 1673: 1647: 1604: 1557: 1533: 1498: 1479: 1475: 1473: 1461:second court 1434: 1415: 1375: 1344: 1325: 1311:Golden Lance 1310: 1272: 1228: 1212: 1193: 1158: 1118: 1085: 1081: 1071: 1064: 1060: 1057: 1050:until 1920. 1043: 1013: 993: 983: 965: 934: 929: 925: 921: 905: 871: 852: 809: 806:of Henry III 783: 769: 742: 695: 676: 669: 649: 629: 615: 588: 564: 553: 502: 486:, freed the 480:papal schism 475: 445: 424: 420: 417:Heinrich III 403: 402: 387:Signum manus 385: 226:(1056-10-05) 40: 29: 6243:1056 deaths 6238:1016 births 6212:(1597–1623) 6204:(1579–1597) 6196:(1550–1579) 6188:(1516–1545) 6064:William III 6000:(1347–1365) 5869:(1231–1253) 5861:(1183–1231) 5845:(1180–1183) 5837:(1156–1180) 5829:(1143–1156) 5821:(1139–1141) 5813:(1126–1138) 5805:(1120–1126) 5797:(1101–1120) 5789:(1077–1096) 5773:(1061–1070) 5765:(1054–1055) 5749:(1049–1053) 5741:(1042–1047) 5733:(1026–1042) 5602:Tassilo III 5541:(c.680–716) 5530:Garibald II 5417:(1530–1556) 5409:(1452–1493) 5401:(1431–1437) 5393:(1355–1378) 5391:Charles IV 5385:(1327–1347) 5377:(1311–1313) 5369:(1212–1250) 5361:(1209–1212) 5353:(1186–1197) 5345:(1154–1186) 5337:(1138–1152) 5335:Conrad III 5329:(1125–1137) 5321:(1106–1125) 5313:(1093–1101) 5305:(1056–1105) 5297:(1039–1056) 5289:(1026–1039) 5281:(1004–1024) 5273:(1002–1014) 5196:Lothair II 5130:Berengar I 5125:Unruochings 5071:Charles II 5010:Desiderius 4986:Hildeprand 4962:Aripert II 4817:Interregnum 4619:(1871–1918) 4600:(1867–1871) 4581:(1850–1866) 4559:(1848/1849) 4547:Ferdinand I 4535:(1815–1848) 4516:(1806–1813) 4484:Charles VII 4434:Ferdinand I 4316:Henry (VII) 4291:Frederick I 4025:Charles VII 3980:Ferdinand I 3925:Frederick I 3920:Lothair III 3850:Charles III 3825:Charlemagne 3601:(1053–1056) 3592:(1028–1039) 3311:Keynes 1999 3230:16 February 3098:16 February 3024:Schutz 2010 2870:15 February 2694:15 February 2553:Schutz 2010 2221:15 February 2195:15 February 1986:Gandersheim 1978:Adelaide II 1962:Gandersheim 1958:Quedlinburg 1930:kaiserpfalz 1747:Mezzogiorno 1727:Gebhard III 1705:Final years 1635:Charlemagne 1631:Netherlands 1459:and held a 1441:Crescentian 1422:Benedict IX 1382:Quedlinburg 1349:had seized 1338:, count of 1113:Lotharingia 937:Bretislav I 906:Kaiserpfalz 844:Bretislav I 541:Charlemagne 186:Predecessor 151:Predecessor 98:Predecessor 6227:Categories 6128:Albert III 6048:Jacqueline 6040:William II 6005:Stephen II 5988:Meinhard I 5882:Henry XIII 5786:Henry VIII 5754:Henry VIII 5562:Tassilo II 5514:Garibald I 5415:Charles V 5399:Sigismund 5375:Henry VII 5311:Conrad II 5295:Henry III 5287:Conrad II 5265:(996–1002) 5240:(962–1556) 5055:Lothair I 4978:Liutprand 4954:Raginpert 4914:Perctarit 4890:Perctarit 4874:Aripert I 4739:Theodahad 4731:Athalaric 4723:Theodoric 4715:Ostrogoths 4636:William II 4523:Napoleon I 4504:Francis II 4499:Leopold II 4479:Charles VI 4392:Wenceslaus 4380:Charles IV 4286:Henry (VI) 4281:Conrad III 4210:(962–1806) 4205:within the 4115:during the 4045:Francis II 4040:Leopold II 4020:Charles VI 3990:Rudolph II 3955:Charles IV 3845:Charles II 3742:1039–1047 3715:1038–1045 3688:1026–1041 3669:1046–1056 3658:1039–1056 3634:1038–1056 3525:027102738X 3487:0812235088 3417:: 217–227. 3358:Lohse 2013 3226:. Academia 3009:Ryley 1964 2995:0801419743 2954:Die Salier 2277:Britannica 2142:Ryley 1964 2124:1 February 2098:1 February 2077:References 2027:Regensburg 1662:Damasus II 1641:and burnt 1580:Strasbourg 1564:chancellor 1513:Pandulf IV 1469:Clement II 1430:Gregory VI 1231:Böckelheim 1181:Gothelo II 1167:, Duke of 996:Strasbourg 972:Samuel Aba 945:Regensburg 926:St. Ulrich 696:Henry and 660:Lorrainian 599:Regensburg 513:Franconian 499:Early life 212:1016-10-28 139:Coronation 122:(formally 81:Coronation 6144:Sigismund 6032:Albert II 6014:William I 5946:Henry XIV 5922:Rudolph I 5898:Stephen I 5890:Louis III 5818:Leopold I 5762:Conrad II 5738:Henry VII 5709:(983–985) 5701:(976–982) 5685:(947–955) 5677:(938–947) 5669:(937–938) 5661:(907–937) 5605:(748–788) 5589:(736–748) 5581:(725–736) 5573:(715–725) 5546:Theodbert 5533:(610–625) 5525:(591–610) 5522:Tassilo I 5517:(555–591) 5383:Louis IV 5351:Henry VI 5303:Henry IV 5279:Henry II 5271:Arduin I 5263:Otto III 5257:(980–983) 5249:(962–973) 5220:(950–963) 5218:Adalbert 5212:(950–963) 5205:Anscarids 5198:(945–950) 5190:(926–947) 5182:(900–905) 5180:Louis II 5168:(922–933) 5154:(891–897) 5146:(889–894) 5139:Guideschi 5132:(887–924) 5097:(896–899) 5089:(879–887) 5081:(877–879) 5079:Carloman 5073:(875–877) 5065:(855–875) 5057:(818–855) 5049:(810–818) 5041:(781–810) 5033:(774–814) 5012:(756–774) 5004:(749–756) 4996:(744–749) 4980:(712–744) 4970:Ansprand 4964:(702–712) 4948:(700–702) 4946:Liutpert 4940:(689–700) 4938:Cunipert 4924:(688–689) 4922:Cunipert 4916:(671–688) 4906:Garibald 4900:(662–671) 4898:Grimoald 4892:(661–662) 4884:(661–662) 4882:Godepert 4876:(653–661) 4868:(652–653) 4860:(636-652) 4852:(626–636) 4844:(616–626) 4842:Adaloald 4836:(590–616) 4828:(584–590) 4820:(574–584) 4810:(572–574) 4802:(568–572) 4781:(552–553) 4773:(541–552) 4757:(540–541) 4749:(536–540) 4741:(534–536) 4733:(526–534) 4725:(493–526) 4695:(476–493) 4626:William I 4607:William I 4542:Francis I 4494:Joseph II 4489:Francis I 4469:Leopold I 4444:Rudolf II 4429:Charles V 4414:Albert II 4409:Sigismund 4365:Henry VII 4321:Conrad IV 4242:Henry III 4237:Conrad II 4169:(919–962) 4164:(911–919) 4120:(843–911) 4035:Joseph II 4030:Francis I 4010:Leopold I 3975:Charles V 3960:Sigismund 3945:Henry VII 3905:Henry III 3900:Conrad II 3870:Louis III 3835:Lothair I 3758:Eckard II 3731:Conrad II 3704:Herman IV 3694:Henry VII 3623:Conrad II 3588:Conrad II 3583:1028–1056 3572:Conrad II 2011:anti-king 1834:Roncaglia 1826:Spitignev 1722:Pressburg 1674:the White 1672:, called 1584:Constance 1566:Hunfried 1548:Benevento 1481:patricius 1386:Merseburg 1340:Orlamünde 1297:with the 1289:with the 1235:Kreuznach 1076:that the 1032:Aquitaine 1004:Henry VII 966:In 1040, 874:Ingelheim 836:Thuringia 818:, and in 757:Conrad II 738:Pentecost 437:Conrad II 425:the Pious 421:the Black 409:‹See Tfd› 404:Henry III 244:(heart); 194:Successor 189:Conrad II 159:Successor 154:Conrad II 108:Successor 102:Conrad II 35:Henry III 6023:Albert I 5996:Louis VI 5962:Louis IV 5906:Otto III 5746:Conrad I 5730:Henry VI 5714:Henry IV 5674:Berthold 5666:Eberhard 5650:Luitpold 5642:Engeldeo 5618:Carloman 5570:Grimoald 5554:Theobald 5359:Otto IV 5319:Henry V 5255:Otto II 5175:Bosonids 5166:Rudolph 5152:Lambert 5063:Louis I 5047:Bernard 5002:Aistulf 4994:Ratchis 4866:Rodoald 4858:Rothari 4850:Arioald 4834:Agilulf 4826:Authari 4792:Lombards 4755:Ildibad 4747:Vitiges 4693:Odoacer 4474:Joseph I 4449:Matthias 4370:Louis IV 4360:Albert I 4350:Rudolf I 4296:Henry VI 4247:Henry IV 4232:Henry II 4227:Otto III 4176:Conrad I 4132:Carloman 4063:Category 4015:Joseph I 3995:Matthias 3950:Louis IV 3930:Henry VI 3910:Henry IV 3895:Henry II 3890:Otto III 3875:Berengar 3840:Louis II 3645:Henry IV 3608:Henry IV 3597:Henry IV 3514:(2006). 3457:(2010). 3445:(eds.). 3290:(1841). 3147:(1928). 2951:(2008). 2888:(2006). 2797:24405426 2741:Archived 2065:See also 1954:Beatrice 1871:Henry IV 1852:Florence 1786:Adalbert 1755:Humphrey 1658:Adalbert 1639:Nijmegen 1627:Andrew I 1619:Thietmar 1600:Eberhard 1596:Adalbero 1572:Piacenza 1486:Frascati 1445:simoniac 1437:Tusculan 1367:Adalbert 1351:Flushing 1275:Augsburg 1189:Nijmegen 1036:Danubian 928:and the 804:Monogram 772:Adriatic 734:Nijmegen 672:accolade 664:Bohemian 652:Egilbert 567:Augsburg 556:Henry II 549:Burgundy 525:Liutgard 493:Lorraine 460:Ottonian 454:and the 197:Henry IV 172:Burgundy 162:Henry IV 112:Henry IV 57:Stavelot 6186:, Duke 6184:Louis X 6136:John IV 6088:John II 5938:Otto VI 5914:Matilda 5858:Louis I 5810:Henry X 5794:Welf II 5722:Henry V 5682:Henry I 5578:Hugbert 5247:Otto I 5233:within 5103:Ratold 5095:Arnulf 4930:Alahis 4800:Alboin 4771:Totila 4763:Eraric 4386:Günther 4344:Alfonso 4338:Richard 4333:William 4306:Otto IV 4271:Henry V 4260:Hermann 4222:Otto II 4181:Henry I 3935:Otto IV 3915:Henry V 3885:Otto II 3860:Lambert 3830:Louis I 3775:William 3721:Otto II 3677:Henry V 3368:Sources 3224:Francia 2777:History 2035:(1054, 2025:(1052, 1999:Matilda 1993:Ravenna 1980:(1045, 1905:Bodfeld 1877:of the 1856:Matilda 1840:held a 1775:Cambrai 1770:Silesia 1536:comital 1519:by the 1355:Bernold 1336:William 1295:Baldwin 1287:Henry I 1200:engaged 1185:Godfrey 1165:Gothelo 1161:Utrecht 1048:Austria 878:Aribert 855:Bavaria 820:Cologne 749:Aribert 722:Liutizi 714:England 618:Pilgrim 547:and to 488:Vatican 448:Bavaria 303: 295: 281: 273: 269: 254:Spouses 231:Bodfeld 6072:Ernest 5970:Otto V 5778:Welf I 5698:Otto I 5658:Arnulf 5538:Theodo 5039:Pepin 4808:Cleph 4397:Rupert 4301:Philip 4253:Rudolf 4217:Otto I 4193:Otto I 4187:Arnulf 4147:Arnulf 3880:Otto I 3865:Arnulf 3638:Vacant 3616:Vacant 3554: 3522: 3484: 3465: 3383: 3255: 3201: 3174: 3123: 3051: 2992: 2965: 2928: 2898: 2795: 2758:"1037" 2167: 2037:Goslar 2033:Judith 2023:Conrad 2013:(1077) 2003:Pöhlde 1982:Goslar 1917:Speyer 1913:Goslar 1887:plague 1867:Zürich 1830:Mantua 1678:Leo IX 1643:Verdun 1576:Verdun 1544:Aversa 1521:Norman 1449:Verona 1410:Tivoli 1328:Tribur 1233:(near 1224:Speyer 1220:Verdun 1216:Aachen 1104:, 1046 1016:Kievan 941:Stablo 914:Goslar 848:Poland 832:Goslar 828:Saxony 780:Naples 718:Norway 626:Aachen 591:Emeric 545:Swabia 533:Otto I 464:Salian 427:, was 413:German 390:(1049) 375:Mother 365:Father 248:(body) 237:Burial 5597:(748) 5594:Grifo 5586:Odilo 5188:Hugh 5161:Welfs 5105:(896) 4988:(744) 4972:(712) 4956:(701) 4932:(689) 4908:(671) 4779:Teia 4765:(541) 4403:Jobst 4355:Adolf 3769:1046 3586:with 3556:Died: 3549:Born: 2793:JSTOR 2215:(PDF) 2189:(PDF) 2017:Henry 1970:Agnes 1743:Henry 1650:Liège 1592:Trier 1509:Capua 1501:Capua 1457:Sutri 1453:Pavia 1418:Guido 1303:Bruno 1169:Lower 1149:Mainz 1024:Ivois 1000:Basel 778:near 753:Milan 745:Italy 677:Upon 571:Bruno 517:Rhine 354:House 311:Issue 297:( 293: 275:( 271: 178:Reign 131:Reign 72:Reign 5235:the 5144:Guy 3748:Welf 3558:1056 3551:1017 3520:ISBN 3482:ISBN 3463:ISBN 3381:ISBN 3253:ISBN 3232:2020 3199:ISBN 3172:ISBN 3121:ISBN 3100:2020 3049:ISBN 2990:ISBN 2963:ISBN 2926:ISBN 2896:ISBN 2872:2020 2696:2020 2259:help 2223:2020 2197:2020 2165:ISBN 2126:2020 2100:2020 1960:and 1909:Harz 1894:Anno 1666:Cuno 1654:Wazo 1598:and 1590:and 1588:Metz 1560:Welf 1507:and 1451:and 1428:and 1392:and 1293:and 1279:Otto 1208:fief 1171:and 1127:and 959:—as 867:diet 761:Alps 716:and 704:and 662:and 507:and 470:and 462:and 439:and 221:Died 206:Born 170:and 92:Rome 6025:, 6016:, 6007:, 5998:, 5981:, 5972:, 3855:Guy 3298:125 3089:doi 2785:doi 1499:At 1084:or 920:of 863:Ulm 751:of 605:to 423:or 6229:: 5208:: 5178:: 5164:: 5142:: 5128:: 3433:. 3415:85 3330:^ 3300:–. 3267:^ 3222:. 3143:; 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Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor

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