298:
2456:
239:
279:
214:
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689:
the national candidate (and the preferred national candidate). The first move was taken by the faction of John of Aviz in
December 1383. João Fernandes Andeiro, Count of Ourém, called Conde Andeiro, the detested lover of the dowager queen, was murdered by a group of conspirators led by João of Aviz. Following this act, John, acclaimed "rector and defender of the realm" by the people of Lisbon, and also supported by the city's great merchants, was now the leader of the opposition to the pretensions of John I of Castile, who tried to be recognised as monarch
152:
706:
1487:
262:
36:
307:
253:
316:
288:
1126:"The urban masses, linked in a movement of social revolt not peculiar to Portugal alone, were skillfully manipulated by the burgesses, intellectual elite and discontented nobility in support of what amounted to a palace revolution to regain lost honour and avenge insult... The coup, masterminded by the nobility, was soon transformed into a popular and nationwide revolution," observes Armíndo de Sousa (2004:629).
732:, in a severe drawback to the independence cause. Without the capital and its riches and commerce, little could be done to free the country from the Castilian king. On his side, John I of Castile needed Lisbon, not only for financial reasons, but also for political ones—neither he nor Beatrice had been crowned as monarchs of Portugal, and without a coronation in the capital he was only a designated king.
772:. Blocked by land and by the river, the city had no hope of relief by the Aviz army, which was too small to risk an intervention and was occupied subduing other cities. An attempt was made by a Portuguese fleet to relieve the Castilian blockade. On July 18 a group of ships led by captain Rui Pereira managed to
688:
The regent's privy council made the error of excluding any representation of the merchants of Lisbon. On the other hand, the popular classes of Lisbon, Beja, Porto, Évora, Estremoz, Portalegre and some other municipalities of the kingdom rose in favour of John (João), Master of Avis, seeing him as
735:
Meanwhile, John of Aviz had surrendered the military command of the resistance to Nuno Álvares
Pereira. The general continued to attack cities loyal to the Castilians and to harass the invading army. John of Aviz was now focused on diplomatic offensives. International politics played an important
794:
In late 1384 and the early months of 1385, Nuno Álvares
Pereira and John of Aviz pursued the war, but they did not manage to subdue the majority of those Portuguese cities then in favour of the Castilian cause. Answering the call for help, English troops (an Anglo-Gascon contingent) landed in
844:. An allied contingent of French heavy cavalry travelled with them. The power of numbers was on their side—about 32,000 men on the Castilian side versus 6,500 on the Portuguese. They immediately headed to the region of Lisbon and Santarém, the country's major cities.
799:. They were not a big contingent, around 600 men (of which about 100 would be present in Ajubarrota), but they were mainly veterans of the Hundred Years' War battles and thereby well schooled in successful English military tactics. Among them were a small number of
680:, Dowager Queen Leonor assumed regency in the name of her daughter Beatrice and son-in-law, John I of Castile. Since diplomatic opposition was no longer possible, the party for independence took more drastic measures, which started the 1383–1385 crisis.
781:
on the south bank of the Tagus surrendered to
Castile. But the siege was hard not only on the inhabitants of Lisbon: the army of Castile was also dealing with a shortage of food supplies, due to the harassment of Nuno Álvares Pereira, and the
650:
meant that
Portugal would lose independence to Castile. Many nobles were fiercely opposed to that possibility but were not united under a common pretender to the crown. There were two candidates, both illegitimate half-brothers of Ferdinand:
912:
The treaty, still valid today, established a pact of mutual support between the countries: Indeed, Portugal would use it again against its neighbours in 1640, to expel the
Spanish Habsburg kings from the country, and again during the
752:
in a papacy only recently moved to
Avignon from Rome. Castile was a traditional ally of France, so, looking for assistance in England was the natural option for John of Aviz. In May, with Lisbon under siege, an embassy was sent to
786:. It was the outbreak of an epidemic in his ranks that forced John I of Castile to raise the siege on September 3 and retreat to Castile. Weeks later, the Castilian fleet also abandoned the Tagus, and Lisbon avoided conquest.
776:
and deliver precious supplies of food to Lisbon. The cost was high, since three of four boats were seized and Rui
Pereira himself died in the naval combat. Despite this minor success, the siege held on; the city of
831:
in May. From
January, he began preparing his army to solve the problem definitively. The king himself led an enormous Castilian army that invaded Portugal in the second week of June through the central north, from
851:. After some debate, a decision was made: the Castilians could not be allowed to besiege Lisbon once again, since the city would undoubtedly fall, so the Portuguese would intercept the enemy in the vicinity of
816:, the assembly of the kingdom. There, on April 6, he was proclaimed the tenth king of Portugal, a clear act of defiance against the Castilian pretensions. John I of Portugal nominated Nuno Álvares Pereira
871:) in the front. The Castilian army was not only defeated, but annihilated. Their losses were so great that John I of Castile was prevented from attempting another invasion in the following years.
2769:
901:, daughter of John of Gaunt. In 1387, taking advantage of the renewed alliance, John I, leading a Portuguese army of 9,000 men, reinforced by a 1,500-man English contingent that landed in
909:. The Castilian forces refused to offer battle, after two months no significant town was taken and the allies, struck by disease and lack of supplies, met with an overwhelming failure.
356:
646:
during his reign, and the marriage, celebrated in May 1383, was intended to put an end to hostilities by a union of the two crowns but was not a widely-accepted solution. The
855:, near the village of Aljubarrota. On August 14, the Castilian army, very slow due to its huge numbers, finally met the Portuguese and English troops. The ensuing fight, the
448:
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349:
53:
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1386:
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724:. General Nuno Álvares Pereira won the battle for the Aviz party, but victory was not decisive. John I of Castile then retreated to Lisbon in May and
72:
2616:
342:
1973:
441:
761:
and regent of
England. Despite initial reluctance to concede men, John of Gaunt finally agreed to levy troops to reinforce the Portuguese army.
79:
2804:
2744:
867:. These tactics allowed a reduced infantry army to defeat cavalrymen with the use of longbowmen in the flanks and defensive structures (like
2219:
297:
86:
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434:
1206:
68:
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1900:
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and anarchy of the 1383–1385 crisis. Recognition from Castile would not arrive until 1411, after another Portuguese victory at the
2491:
2455:
748:
forces in a struggle for the crown of France. The conflict spilled beyond the French borders, and influenced, for instance, the
2723:
1870:
2774:
2168:
1635:
1148:
2370:
2042:
2027:
2007:
1573:
1532:
758:
522:
497:
472:
17:
2292:
2098:
2002:
1966:
1686:
1630:
1401:
1376:
1336:
477:
1033:
June – John I of Castile invades Portugal once again and in force, after the defeat of a punitive expedition in Trancoso
2708:
2093:
1926:
1704:
1219:
93:
2718:
2693:
2178:
2047:
517:
119:
627:
survived. Her marriage was the major political issue of the day since it would determine the future of the kingdom.
2764:
2375:
879:
With this victory, John of Aviz was recognised as the undisputed king of Portugal as John I, putting an end to the
655:
757:
to make a case for Portuguese independence. Richard was seventeen years old in 1384, and power lay with his uncle
2779:
2583:
2425:
1542:
672:, another natural son of Peter I, was very popular among the Portuguese middle class and traditional aristocracy.
2784:
1959:
1714:
1236:
57:
2603:
1588:
1547:
1512:
1199:
1421:
2703:
2470:
2188:
2012:
1895:
1738:
1676:
1462:
1457:
906:
589:
482:
310:
2653:
1880:
1608:
1522:
1416:
1331:
1316:
238:
2365:
2244:
977:
October 22 – King Ferdinand dies: dowager queen Leonor becomes regent in the name of Beatrice and John I
2759:
2754:
2749:
2400:
2390:
1537:
1507:
1391:
1361:
2440:
2435:
1527:
1467:
1441:
1411:
1406:
1067:
1044:
918:
886:
864:
710:
415:
905:, invaded Castile to sit John of Gaunt on the Castilian throne, which he claimed on his marriage to
847:
Meanwhile, the armies of John I of Portugal and Nuno Álvares Pereira joined together in the city of
1810:
1775:
1755:
1613:
1578:
1326:
1192:
773:
620:
400:
390:
278:
213:
2538:
319:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2713:
2078:
1838:
1785:
1760:
1666:
1625:
1618:
1431:
964:
616:
555:
46:
2330:
291:
2638:
2598:
2420:
2360:
2254:
2032:
1865:
1593:
1426:
1371:
1366:
1346:
934:
894:
725:
578:
502:
385:
2698:
2445:
2355:
2134:
2073:
2017:
1982:
1860:
1790:
1765:
1724:
1640:
1598:
1583:
1495:
1472:
1351:
1062:
1037:
898:
856:
817:
754:
737:
593:
567:
492:
458:
410:
143:
2284:
592:, securely on an independent throne. That contrasted with the lengthy civil wars in France (
2209:
2129:
1885:
1795:
1561:
1436:
960:
926:
694:
624:
573:
The Portuguese interpret the era as their earliest national resistance movement to counter
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8:
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2345:
2316:
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2229:
2193:
2124:
2114:
2022:
1919:
1830:
1805:
1780:
1719:
1694:
1654:
1311:
1305:
1227:
1057:
998:
972:
824:
721:
659:
487:
380:
217:
2588:
890:
2533:
2480:
2385:
2264:
2249:
2224:
2088:
1848:
1843:
1770:
1699:
1681:
1294:
981:
828:
669:
600:), which had aristocratic factions fighting powerfully against a centralised monarchy.
563:
543:
405:
282:
231:
2573:
2234:
2214:
860:
2673:
2668:
2643:
2593:
2485:
2335:
2239:
2119:
1935:
1890:
1875:
1820:
1800:
1750:
1671:
1517:
1341:
1144:
968:
833:
812:
677:
639:
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301:
256:
663:
395:
227:
2558:
2340:
1815:
1299:
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597:
574:
547:
323:
242:
184:
2568:
2528:
2543:
2523:
2513:
2430:
2259:
1940:
1853:
1709:
1603:
902:
800:
643:
334:
265:
2518:
2578:
1381:
922:
914:
783:
749:
714:
647:
157:
1951:
426:
2738:
2475:
2380:
2083:
1356:
942:
2173:
151:
2663:
2415:
2410:
2405:
1396:
585:
1141:
John of Gaunt: The Exercise of Princely Power in Fourteenth-Century Europe
2553:
2139:
1254:
1244:
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Several political factions lobbied for possible husbands, which included
551:
1289:
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705:
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intervention, and Robert Durand considers it as the "great revealer of
2658:
2183:
1284:
1264:
1259:
1017:
Winter – Álvares Pereira and João of Aviz subdue pro-Castilian cities
720:
The armed resistance met the Castilian army on April 6, 1384, in the
638:
princes. Finally, the king settled for his wife's first choice, King
1184:
893:. The English–Portuguese alliance would be renewed in 1386 with the
261:
35:
1486:
1269:
1249:
1215:
180:
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who had already demonstrated their value against cavalry charges.
584:
The bourgeoisie and the nobility worked together to establish the
306:
27:
Violent period during which no recognized King of Portugal reigned
868:
837:
807:
741:
631:
252:
823:
John I of Castile was not pleased. His first move was to send a
820:
and went to subdue the resistance still surviving in the north.
728:, with an auxiliary fleet blocking the city's port in the river
315:
287:
1005:
938:
852:
841:
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765:
745:
635:
2770:
Wars of succession involving the states and peoples of Europe
2314:
1274:
1093:"Portugal", p 1173; see also Armíndo de Sousa, "Portugal" in
848:
769:
729:
1008:
is besieged by the Castilians; an embassy is sent to England
676:
On October 22, 1383, King Ferdinand died. According to the
559:
603:
It is usually known in Portugal as the 1383–1385 Crisis (
806:
At the same time, John of Aviz organised a meeting in
1014:
September 3 – John I and his army retreat to Castile
2649:
United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
1387:
United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2684:List of titles and honours of the Portuguese Crown
736:role in deciding Portuguese affairs. In 1384, the
364:
566:was crowned in 1385 after his victory during the
2736:
2704:Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza (current pretender)
2617:Project for the Royal Palace in Campo de Ourique
2610:Juvarra's Project for the Royal Palace in Lisbon
1981:
1030:April 6 – John of Aviz is acclaimed King John I
456:
827:, but the forces were heavily defeated in the
2300:
1967:
1200:
1143:. New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 123.
1117:Oliveira Marques, A. H., História de Portugal
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994:January – John I of Castile invades Portugal
859:, was fought in the style of the Battles of
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1011:July – A Portuguese fleet breaks the siege
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1100:
1027:Easter – The English allied troops arrive
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
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197:Consolidation of Portuguese independence
2492:House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
2220:Lancaster's Normandy chevauchée of 1356
1138:
14:
2737:
1129:
2805:Wars involving the Kingdom of Castile
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1955:
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1188:
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2371:Portuguese succession crisis of 1580
759:John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
2724:His Most Faithful Majesty's Council
2099:John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury
2003:Second War of Scottish Independence
768:and feared defeat by the Castilian
478:Second War of Scottish Independence
24:
2709:Family tree of Portuguese monarchs
2094:John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford
1095:The New Cambridge Medieval History
69:"1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum"
25:
2816:
2719:Style of the Portuguese sovereign
2694:Pantheon of the House of Braganza
2745:1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum
2454:
2396:Transfer of the Portuguese court
2376:War of the Portuguese Succession
1485:
997:April – The Aviz party wins the
619:was dying. From his marriage to
536:1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum
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137:1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum
34:
2426:Municipal Library Elevator Coup
1377:History of Portugal (1777–1834)
1087:Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages
984:: occupation of several castles
45:needs additional citations for
1120:
1079:
980:The resistance starts, led by
897:and the marriage of John I to
368:Portuguese Crisis of 1383–1385
171:2 April 1383 – 15 October 1385
13:
1:
1160:
1040:: decisive Portuguese victory
610:
156:The Battle of Aljubarrota by
2775:Medieval history of Portugal
2471:Portuguese House of Burgundy
2189:War of the Breton Succession
2048:Armagnac–Burgundian conflict
2013:War of the Breton Succession
1175:De Oliveira Marques, A. H.,
1168:Aljubarrota – a Batalha Real
907:Infanta Constance of Castile
590:Portuguese House of Burgundy
518:Armagnac–Burgundian conflict
483:War of the Breton Succession
7:
1051:
971:according to the Treaty of
948:
764:Lisbon was struggling with
709:The Siege of Lisbon in the
10:
2821:
2401:Liberal Revolution of 1820
2391:Portuguese Restoration War
982:John, Great Master of Aviz
937:to establish bases on the
889:, with the signing of the
670:John, Great Master of Aviz
644:three wars against Castile
2626:
2504:
2463:
2452:
2441:Royalist attack on Chaves
2436:5 October 1910 revolution
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2179:Armagnacs and Burgundians
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2152:
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2066:
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1996:
1989:
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1569:
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1226:
1139:Goodman, Anthony (1992).
919:Anglo-Portuguese Alliance
874:
468:
376:
311:Fernando Sánchez de Tovar
271:
205:
163:
149:
141:
136:
2366:Battle of Alcácer Quibir
2245:Battle of La Brossinière
1687:Exclusive Economic Zone
1574:Administrative divisions
1166:Gouveia Monteiro, João,
1073:
666:, then lived in Castile.
621:Leonor Telles de Menezes
546:during which no crowned
2765:Wars involving Portugal
2714:Portuguese Crown Jewels
2079:Edward the Black Prince
1402:Constitutional monarchy
967:) is betrothed to King
965:Ferdinand I of Portugal
789:
700:
683:
617:Ferdinand I of Portugal
2780:Wars involving England
2639:Kingdom of the Algarve
2599:Sintra National Palace
2421:31 January 1891 revolt
2361:Battle of Alfarrobeira
2315:Topics related to the
2255:Battle of the Herrings
1705:Science and technology
1372:1761 Lisbon earthquake
1367:1755 Lisbon earthquake
941:) and during the 1982
921:would also be used by
740:was at its peak, with
717:
642:. Ferdinand had waged
579:national consciousness
272:Commanders and leaders
2785:Wars involving France
2699:Most Faithful Majesty
2569:Rio de Janeiro Palace
2446:Monarchy of the North
2356:Battle of Aljubarrota
2018:War of the Two Peters
1407:Republican Revolution
1352:Treaty of Tordesillas
1337:Portuguese golden age
1322:1383–1385 interregnum
1097:2004, vol. II p. 629.
1063:Battle of Aljubarrota
1038:Battle of Aljubarrota
929:from England) in the
899:Philippa of Lancaster
857:Battle of Aljubarrota
818:Constable of Portugal
755:Richard II of England
708:
568:Battle of Aljubarrota
493:War of the Two Peters
320:Pedro Álvares Pereira
2584:São Cristóvão Palace
2416:Portuguese Civil War
2331:Battle of São Mamede
2210:Battle of Saint-Omer
1901:World Heritage Sites
1437:Carnation Revolution
1177:História de Portugal
1047:: Portuguese victory
1001:, but not decisively
963:(only child of King
961:Beatrice of Portugal
726:besieged the capital
695:Treaty of Salvaterra
625:Beatrice of Portugal
562:and ended when King
558:died without a male
292:Nuno Álvares Pereira
54:improve this article
2689:Council of Portugal
2679:Portuguese nobility
2654:Portuguese Monarchs
2634:Kingdom of Portugal
2564:Quinta da Boa Vista
2549:Necessidades Palace
2346:Manifestis Probatum
2317:Portuguese monarchy
2270:Battle of Castillon
2230:Battle of Agincourt
2194:Castilian Civil War
2033:Despenser's Crusade
2023:Castilian Civil War
1312:Kingdom of Portugal
1306:Manifestis Probatum
1089:(Routledge, 2000),
1058:Battle of Atoleiros
999:Battle of Atoleiros
973:Salvaterra de Magos
825:punitive expedition
722:Battle of Atoleiros
660:Peter I of Portugal
503:Despenser's Crusade
488:Castilian Civil War
218:Kingdom of Portugal
195:Portuguese victory
2604:Vila Viçosa Palace
2534:Citadel of Cascais
2386:Forty Conspirators
2265:Battle of Formigny
2250:Battle of Verneuil
2225:Battle of Poitiers
1983:Hundred Years' War
1715:Telecommunications
1392:Liberal Revolution
1295:County of Portugal
1085:Robert Durand, in
1068:Battle of Valverde
1045:Battle of Valverde
959:April 2 – Infanta
887:Battle of Valverde
829:Battle of Trancoso
774:break the blockade
738:Hundred Years' War
718:
605:Crise de 1383–1385
594:Hundred Years' War
588:, a branch of the
544:Portuguese history
460:Hundred Years' War
283:John I of Portugal
232:Kingdom of England
144:Hundred Years' War
2760:Conflicts in 1385
2755:Conflicts in 1384
2750:Conflicts in 1383
2732:
2731:
2674:Portuguese Cortes
2669:Portuguese Empire
2644:Kingdom of Brazil
2594:Santa Cruz Estate
2497:
2486:House of Braganza
2481:House of Habsburg
2336:Battle of Ourique
2282:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2240:Battle of Cravant
2148:
2147:
2055:
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2043:Lancastrian phase
1949:
1948:
1909:
1908:
1733:
1732:
1649:
1648:
1636:Political parties
1589:Foreign relations
1556:
1555:
1518:Iberian Peninsula
1481:
1480:
1327:Treaty of Windsor
1150:978-0-312-08358-8
969:John I of Castile
895:Treaty of Windsor
834:Celorico da Beira
678:marriage contract
640:John I of Castile
540:war of succession
531:
530:
523:Lancastrian phase
513:Glyndŵr rebellion
424:
423:
333:
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302:John I of Castile
257:Kingdom of France
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16:(Redirected from
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2589:São Jorge Castle
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2458:
2341:Treaty of Zamora
2309:
2302:
2295:
2286:
2285:
2159:
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2063:
2038:1383–1385 Crisis
1994:
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1969:
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1952:
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1744:
1743:
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1677:Economic history
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1300:Treaty of Zamora
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931:Second World War
891:Treaty of Ayllón
623:, only Princess
598:War of the Roses
554:began when King
548:king of Portugal
508:1383–1385 Crisis
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18:1383–1385 Crisis
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2574:Ramalhão Palace
2524:Bemposta Palace
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2431:Lisbon Regicide
2319:
2313:
2283:
2274:
2260:Battle of Patay
2235:Battle of Baugé
2215:Battle of Crécy
2198:
2154:
2144:
2103:
2051:
2008:Edwardian phase
1985:
1980:
1950:
1945:
1932:
1925:
1918:
1905:
1881:Public holidays
1825:
1729:
1688:
1645:
1609:Law enforcement
1552:
1490:
1477:
1446:
1362:Restoration War
1222:
1213:
1180:(in Portuguese)
1179:
1171:(in Portuguese)
1170:
1163:
1158:
1151:
1137:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1101:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1054:
951:
877:
792:
703:
686:
613:
596:) and England (
532:
527:
473:Edwardian phase
464:
459:
457:
455:
425:
420:
372:
367:
365:
363:
324:
313:
304:
285:
266:Crown of Aragon
259:
250:
245:
225:
220:
196:
187:
155:
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2818:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2800:1385 in Europe
2797:
2795:1384 in Europe
2792:
2790:1383 in Europe
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2630:
2628:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2620:
2613:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2579:Ribeira Palace
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2510:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2467:
2465:
2461:
2460:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2351:1383–85 Crisis
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2327:
2325:
2321:
2320:
2312:
2311:
2304:
2297:
2289:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2165:
2163:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2111:
2109:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2070:
2068:
2061:
2057:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2028:Caroline phase
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1998:
1991:
1987:
1986:
1979:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1956:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1931:
1930:
1923:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1846:
1841:
1835:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1747:
1741:
1735:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1710:Stock Exchange
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1663:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1570:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1504:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1442:Third Republic
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1412:First Republic
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1382:Peninsular War
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1241:
1239:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1212:
1211:
1204:
1197:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1173:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1156:
1149:
1128:
1119:
1099:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1041:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1002:
995:
991:
990:
986:
985:
978:
975:
956:
955:
950:
947:
933:(allowing the
915:Peninsular War
876:
873:
791:
788:
784:bubonic plague
750:Western Schism
715:Jean Froissart
702:
699:
693:, against the
685:
682:
674:
673:
667:
664:Inês de Castro
648:dynastic union
615:In 1383, King
612:
609:
529:
528:
526:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
498:Caroline phase
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
469:
466:
465:
454:
453:
446:
439:
431:
422:
421:
419:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
377:
374:
373:
362:
361:
354:
347:
339:
331:
330:
294:
274:
273:
269:
268:
234:
208:
207:
203:
202:
199:
198:
193:
189:
188:
179:
177:
173:
172:
169:
161:
160:
158:Jean de Wavrin
147:
146:
139:
138:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2817:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2627:Miscellaneous
2625:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2559:Queluz Palace
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2529:Buçaco Palace
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2503:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2476:House of Aviz
2474:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2457:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2381:Iberian Union
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2310:
2305:
2303:
2298:
2296:
2291:
2290:
2287:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2201:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2157:
2151:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2084:John of Gaunt
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2065:
2062:
2058:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1977:
1972:
1970:
1965:
1963:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1924:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1357:Iberian Union
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1332:Consolidation
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1307:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1210:
1205:
1203:
1198:
1196:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1178:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1152:
1146:
1142:
1135:
1133:
1123:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1082:
1078:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1046:
1043:October 15 –
1042:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1000:
996:
993:
992:
988:
987:
983:
979:
976:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
957:
953:
952:
946:
944:
943:Falklands War
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
910:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
883:
872:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
845:
843:
839:
835:
830:
826:
821:
819:
815:
814:
809:
804:
802:
798:
787:
785:
780:
775:
771:
767:
762:
760:
756:
751:
747:
743:
739:
733:
731:
727:
723:
716:
712:
707:
698:
696:
692:
681:
679:
671:
668:
665:
661:
657:
654:
653:
652:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
628:
626:
622:
618:
608:
606:
601:
599:
595:
591:
587:
582:
580:
576:
571:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
550:reigned. The
549:
545:
541:
537:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
470:
467:
462:
452:
447:
445:
440:
438:
433:
432:
429:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
378:
375:
370:
360:
355:
353:
348:
346:
341:
340:
337:
329:
327:
321:
317:
312:
308:
303:
299:
295:
293:
289:
284:
280:
276:
275:
270:
267:
263:
258:
254:
249:
248:Supported by:
246:
244:
240:
235:
233:
229:
224:
223:Supported by:
221:
219:
215:
210:
209:
204:
194:
191:
190:
186:
182:
178:
175:
174:
170:
167:
166:
162:
159:
153:
148:
145:
140:
135:
132:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2664:Sebastianism
2615:
2608:
2544:Mafra Palace
2539:Évora Palace
2519:Belém Palace
2514:Ajuda Palace
2490:
2464:Royal houses
2411:April Revolt
2406:Vilafrancada
2350:
2324:Major events
2037:
1839:Architecture
1811:Prostitution
1776:Homelessness
1756:Demographics
1672:Central bank
1614:Human rights
1579:Constitution
1432:Overseas War
1397:Liberal Wars
1321:
1304:
1176:
1167:
1140:
1122:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1081:
1036:August 14 –
911:
880:
878:
846:
822:
811:
805:
795:Portugal on
793:
763:
734:
719:
687:
675:
629:
614:
604:
602:
586:Aviz dynasty
583:
572:
535:
533:
507:
366:
325:
247:
236:
222:
211:
206:Belligerents
142:Part of the
131:
116:
110:October 2020
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2554:Pena Palace
2174:Chevauchées
2140:Joan of Arc
2135:Charles VII
1786:Immigration
1761:Drug policy
1667:Agriculture
1543:Earthquakes
1427:Estado Novo
1417:World War I
1347:Renaissance
1255:Lusitanians
1245:Oestriminis
882:interregnum
691:iure uxoris
556:Ferdinand I
552:interregnum
411:Aljubarrota
2739:Categories
2507:residences
2496:(disputed)
2130:Charles VI
2074:Edward III
1861:Literature
1631:Parliament
1594:Government
1422:28 de Maio
1290:Al-Andalus
1161:References
927:succession
801:longbowmen
797:Easter Day
711:Chronicles
611:Background
80:newspapers
2659:Miguelism
2184:Jacquerie
2125:Charles V
2115:Philip VI
1871:Monuments
1791:Languages
1766:Education
1725:Transport
1641:President
1599:Judiciary
1584:Elections
1548:Volcanoes
1513:Mountains
1496:Geography
1285:Visigoths
1265:Gallaecia
1260:Lusitania
658:, son of
575:Castilian
381:Atoleiros
1936:Category
1886:Religion
1796:Naturism
1626:Military
1562:Politics
1473:Language
1463:Military
1451:By topic
1317:Monarchs
1270:Hispania
1250:Ophiussa
1237:Timeline
1220:articles
1216:Portugal
1052:See also
949:Timeline
869:caltrops
865:Poitiers
416:Valverde
406:Trancoso
181:Portugal
176:Location
2203:Battles
2169:Battles
2162:General
2120:John II
2089:Henry V
2067:English
2060:Leaders
1997:General
1920:Outline
1896:Symbols
1849:Cuisine
1831:Culture
1806:Poverty
1781:Housing
1739:Society
1720:Tourism
1695:Fishing
1655:Economy
1533:Regions
1523:Islands
1458:Economy
1228:History
923:Britain
903:Galicia
838:Coimbra
810:of the
808:Coimbra
742:English
632:English
391:Galicia
326:†
185:Castile
94:scholar
2155:events
2108:French
1990:Phases
1941:Portal
1844:Cinema
1801:People
1771:Health
1700:Mining
1682:Energy
1538:Rivers
1508:Cities
1342:Empire
1218:
1147:
1006:Lisbon
1004:May –
939:Azores
935:Allies
917:. The
875:Legacy
853:Leiria
842:Leiria
813:Cortes
779:Almada
766:famine
746:French
636:French
564:John I
538:was a
386:Lisbon
322:
192:Result
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2505:Royal
2153:Major
1927:Index
1891:Sport
1876:Music
1866:Media
1821:Women
1751:Crime
1689:(EEZ)
1528:Lakes
1468:Music
1275:Suebi
1074:Notes
861:Crécy
849:Tomar
770:siege
730:Tagus
101:JSTOR
87:books
1854:Wine
1816:Time
1619:LGBT
1280:Buri
1145:ISBN
1091:s.v.
1022:1385
989:1384
954:1383
925:(in
863:and
840:and
790:1385
744:and
701:1384
684:1383
662:and
656:John
634:and
560:heir
534:The
401:Tejo
396:Leça
183:and
168:Date
73:news
1604:Law
836:to
713:of
607:).
581:".
542:in
56:by
2741::
1131:^
1102:^
945:.
697:.
570:.
2308:e
2301:t
2294:v
1975:e
1968:t
1961:v
1208:e
1201:t
1194:v
1153:.
450:e
443:t
436:v
358:e
351:t
344:v
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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