Alfred Deakin - Knowledge

2732: 2748: 2660: 6610: 1990:, as finally enacted in 1900. Deakin was also a delegate to the second Australasian Federal Convention, which opened in Adelaide in March 1897 and concluded in Melbourne in January 1898. He was somewhat out of sympathy with the tendency of the convention, and sided with the majority in only 55 percent of divisions; fewer occasions than all but five delegates. He supported wide taxation powers for the federal government, successfully opposed conservative plans for the indirect election of senators, and attempted to weaken the powers of the 3001: 2164:. Deakin was his presumed successor and faced no significant opposition from the government and its supporters. The only obstacle was his own willingness to take on the role, and he expressed doubts about his suitability for the position in diary entries and letters to friends. He seriously considered allowing William Lyne to take over the government, but Lyne proved unable or unwilling to do so. After cabinet confirmed Barton's appointment to the High Court, Deakin was sworn in as prime minister on 24 September 1903 at 2630: 1202: 2385: 1000: 1724: 1262: 1994:, in particular seeking to prevent it from being able to defeat money bills. He had told the National Australasian Convention of 1891 'To introduce an American Senate into a British constitution is to destroy both'. Deakin often had to reconcile differences and find ways out of apparently impossible difficulties. Between and after these meetings, he travelled through the country addressing public meetings and he was partly responsible for the large majority in Victoria at each referendum. 2877:

judgment & foresight which will enable me to serve my country – guide me and strengthen me, so that I may follow & persuade others to follow the path which shall lead to the elevation of national life & thought & permanence of well-earned prosperity – give me light & truth & influence for the highest & the highest only." As Walter Murdoch pointed out, " believed himself to be inspired, and to have a divine message and mission."

2271: 2918: 2307:. He elaborated on his decision-making in an August speech to the National Political League, a newly anti-socialist organisation in Ballarat. His speech did not attack the government on policy grounds but condemned the ALP's principles of caucus solidarity and organisational control over the parliamentary party. He saw himself as a progressive liberal torn between conservative obstructivism on one hand and Labor's materialist collectivism on the other. Two days later 1842: 2949: 1495: 6141: 6367: 6259: 1507: 2149: 6495: 2429: 38: 2823: 1971: 1021: 2209:, which Deakin hoped would bring Australia closer to Britain and the rest of the Empire. Reid continued to campaign on unrestricted free trade, while the ALP focused on class issues, particularly the need for compulsory arbitration, and was rewarded with large gains in both houses. The final result in the House was an effective three-way tie between Deakin's Liberal Protectionists, Reid's Free Traders, and 2580:. Deakin subsequently sought to enshrine the agreement in the constitution, at the urging of state premiers. This step was seen as unnecessary by many, including within his own party, but a second proposed amendment allowing the federal government to take over state debts was less controversial. Two referendums were held simultaneously with the 1910 federal election, with the state debts amendment being 2055: 2043: 2317:, published a scathing editorial calling his speech "transcendental musings" and stating he had "lost himself in the clouds amongst politico-philosophical questions" instead of offering substantive leadership. This led to a major falling-out between the two, with Deakin writing to Syme that he had "been more deeply upset by this incident than by any during my political life". 2493:. He had long opposed the naval agreements to fund Royal Navy protection of Australia although Barton had agreed in 1902 that the Commonwealth would take over such funding from the colonies. In 1906 he announced that Australia would purchase destroyers, and in 1907 travelled to an Imperial Conference in London to discuss the issue, without success. In 1908 he invited 2740:

ghastlier". The following month, he wrote that "I have now become a mere juggler with myself my helpless attempts to read the riddle of my mind and thought must be frankly abandoned". At her urging, Deakin and his wife left Australia in September 1916 to seek advice from specialists in England and the United States, and also to visit their daughter

2704:. He had hoped that his symptoms were due to stress and leaving politics would aid his recovery, but instead found that "when I stepped out of Parliament in some mysterious fashion all my memories commenced to die or disappear". Contemporary doctors were unable to give him a clear diagnosis, other than a 1913 opinion of " 2876:

in seeking divine assistance with his career. "A life, the life of Christ", Deakin wrote, "that is the one thing needful – the only revelation required is there... We have but to live it." In 1888, as an example relevant to his work for Federation, Deakin prayed: "Oh God, grant me that

2406:

On 24 June 1905, the weekend before parliament resumed, Deakin delivered a two-hour speech to his constituents in Ballarat. He claimed the pragmatic middle ground for his party, criticising the policies of Labor and the Free Traders as vague and impractical, and further accused Reid of breaking their

2086:

Deakin attempted to resign from cabinet in April 1902, writing two letters of resignation to Barton. The primary cause was his opposition to the government's proposed 50% pay rise for MPs, but his wife had also been in poor health. He wrote to Barton that "my retirement will be a relief from a strain

1861:

reform, protection to encourage manufacturing and the introduction of a land tax to break up the big agricultural estates, and won by 79 votes. Due to a number of voters being disenfranchised by a shortage of voting papers, he used his maiden speech to announce his resignation; he lost the subsequent

2739:

In October 1914, Deakin wrote that he had "no continuity of memory or argument" and relied upon "impressions that fade or are forgotten in a few minutes and often in a few seconds". In November 1915, he wrote that he could remember what he had read for only a few hours and that "no collapse could be

2699:

The final years of Deakin's political career coincided with the early stages of a degenerative neurological condition, with memory loss as the primary feature. In his personal diaries, he meticulously documented his loss of function and increasing anguish at his decline. Other health records suggest

2461:

to fill the two additional seats. The first protective Federal tariff, the Australian Industries Protection Act was passed. This "New Protection" measure attempted to force companies to pay fair wages by setting conditions for tariff protection, although the Commonwealth had no powers over wages and

2114:, which the Senate had twice returned to the House with a series of proposed amendments. In view of the urgent need for government revenue, Deakin successfully convinced the House and his fellow ministers to accept the amendments, but in a way that avoided setting a new constitutional precedent over 2904:

Deakin processed a deep spiritual conviction and read widely on the subject. His daughter Vera Deakin (Lady White) said in a 1960 ABC radio interview "He had tremendously deep religious views, I'm sure of that. He read to us on Sundays from the Bible, from great preachers, and he was deeply, always

2320:

The Watson government fell less than two weeks after Deakin's speech in Ballarat, which may have been taken by Reid as a cue to challenge the status quo. While debating the revived Conciliation and Arbitration Bill, a majority of the Liberal Protectionists joined with the Free Traders in opposing a

2261:

Deakin's motivations for relinquishing office have been debated. He was under no obligation to resign, as the ALP had not intended for the amendment to be treated as a confidence motion. It has been suggested he thought forcing Watson into office unprepared would demonstrate the ALP's weakness as a

2082:

was notable for its blatant racism, including arguing that it was necessary to exclude the Japanese because of their good qualities, which would place them at an advantage over European Australians. His March 1902 speech in favour of the bill establishing the High Court of Australia helped overcome

1756:

as a day-boy. He attended Melbourne Grammar for eight years, where he was a good student without excelling academically. He later recalled that he had been "an incessantly restless, random and at times studiously mischievous pupil", and regretted that he had not been made to work harder. Deakin was

2637:

After the 1910 election, Deakin had less influence than any previous opposition leader, with the ALP holding clear majorities in both houses. His diaries indicate that he would have preferred to resign and retire from politics, but he was asked to stay on in the absence of an obvious successor. He

2620:

of the Liberal Party", many former Protectionists lost their seats, and Deakin himself won by fewer than 500 votes. While there were several factors in Labor's victory, Deakin's perceived hypocrisy in the creation of the Fusion was frequently brought up in the campaign and likely cost the Liberals

2896:

a deep peace had settled far inside : now he felt a 'serenity at the core of my heart.' He wanted to know whether participation in the world's affairs would disturb that serenity... he was tormented by the thought that the emptiness of the man within corresponded with the emptiness of society at

2249:

Deakin sought to form an "understanding" with the ALP during the parliamentary recess after the election, but made little progress. When parliament resumed in March 1904, he introduced a modified Conciliation and Arbitration Bill, but ignored Labor's requests for its provisions to be extended to

2646:

By 1912, Deakin had "lost all zest for public life and was trudging on until he could retire". He made his final speech to parliament on 18 December 1912 and publicly announced his intention to retire on 8 January 1913, after informing Joseph Cook a day earlier. His last action as leader of the

2127:, which established a High Court of three judges. Concessions were made on the number of judges (three rather than five) as well as their salary and pension entitlements. In July 1903, Deakin was tasked with securing the passage of the Conciliation and Arbitration Bill which had been drafted by 2441:

Deakin resumed office in mid-1905, and retained it for three years. During this, the longest and most successful of his terms as prime minister, his government was responsible for much policy and legislation giving shape to the Commonwealth during its first decade, including bills to create an

2236:

He went on to call it "absolutely essential" for the three parties to be reduced to two "as soon as possible", although he stated that he was unsure which parties should merge. Deakin's analogy passed into common usage to describe the unstable party system in the first decade after Federation.

2642:

in 1911, which would have significantly expanded the powers of the federal government. He spent two months campaigning for the "No" vote, visiting every state except Western Australia which turned out to be the only state to vote "Yes". The result was regarded as a triumph for the opposition.

2139:

scheme for industrial disputes, would "bring both employer and employee before the bar of a tribunal which would mete out even-handed justice". However, in early September the government unexpectedly abandoned the bill. The ALP, with the "mischievous support" of the opposition, had passed an

1789:, and was also involved in the Eclectic Society. He spent much of his spare time reading, "from Chaucer to the great writers of his own time". For some time Deakin was "more interested in dreams of being a dramatist, a poet or a philosopher" rather than a lawyer. He wrote numerous works of 2411:

stated that "Mr Deakin's Ballarat speech, read in any light, is a notice to Mr Reid to quit". Although Deakin denied that this interpretation was correct, Reid took it to mean he had withdrawn his support and stated as such in parliament. Deakin then successfully moved an amendment to the

2345:

Deakin maintained an "enigmatic public silence" on the Reid government's actions, particularly during the long parliamentary recess from December 1904 to June 1905. During this time he seriously considered leaving politics. He had been engaged to write monthly anonymous articles for the

2286:

to join the government as attorney-general. The Liberal Protectionists were divided between radicals seeking an alliance with the ALP and anti-socialists seeking an alliance with the Free Traders; Reid continued as leader of the opposition. Despite the party's lack of a majority, the

2575:

Deakin and Forrest negotiated the Financial Agreement of 1909 with the state governments, which distributed surplus federal revenues to the states as per-capita grants and became the model for intergovernmental financial relations. This replaced the interim arrangements provided by

2329:

had been deliberately provocative. Deakin in response made personal attacks on Hughes, comparing him to an "ill-bred urchin one saw dragged from a tart shop kicking, screeching and scratching". He eventually apologised in the House for his reaction. Deakin declined to join the

2291:

did not immediately authorise Watson to seek an alliance, and Deakin instead negotiated a draft agreement with the Free Traders in which Reid would become prime minister. Deakin himself would remain party leader but retire to the backbenches, as he did not wish to be bound by

1751:

has speculated that their mother may have been suffering from a bout of depression or recovering from a stillbirth. The Thompson sisters eventually moved their school to Melbourne, which Deakin continued to attend until the age of seven. In early 1864, he was enrolled at

1915:

described this report as "a remarkable piece of accurate observation, and was immediately reprinted by the United States government". In June 1886, he introduced legislation to nationalise water rights and provide state aid for irrigation works that helped establish

2204:

on 29 October 1903. He called on voters to unite behind "fiscal peace and preferential trade for a White Australia". The "fiscal peace" to which he referred was an end to conflict over the recently enacted tariff, while "preferential trade" referred to the idea of

1907:. In 1885 Deakin secured the passage of the colony's pioneering Factories and Shops Act, enforcing regulation of employment conditions and hours of work. In December 1884 he went to the United States to investigate irrigation, and presented a report in June 1885, 3043:

degree from the University of Cambridge in 1912. Deakin generally only accepted honours when he believed it would advance Australian interests, or if rejection could be taken as an insult. While visiting England as prime minister in 1907, he was made an honorary

2087:

which has been severe at times", and hoped to still assist the government as a backbencher. Barton replied that his departure would "break my heart" and "wreck the ministry". He agreed to drop the proposed pay rise and Deakin agreed to continue as a minister.

1780:

did not require a complete university degree for admission, only passing grades in relevant legal subjects. Deakin was consequently admitted to the bar in September 1877, aged 21, without ever graduating from university. According to his biographer

2606:

Deakin did not call an early election, allowing the parliament to run to its maximum permissible length. He expected a "sweeping victory", anticipating that after being confirmed in office he could complete his legislative agenda, attend the

2372:. In his notebooks he drafted sermons and "weighed the religious against the political life, the preacher against the legislator, and both against the ultimate purpose of existence". Late in 1904, Deakin purchased 7 acres (2.8 ha) at 2250:

state public servants. He believed that the government did not have the constitutional authority to do so, whereas the ALP (and some radicals within his own party) thought the issue should be determined by the High Court. On 22 April,

5266:: "In the fifteen months between April 1904, when he resigned as prime minister, and July 1905, Deakin produced more than four hundred pages of religious writing: prayers, meditations, journals and devotional poetry, including an 2196:

called for mid-December. He was the first prime minister to call an early election, to catch his opponents off guard and take advantage of a large number of urban educated female voters who could cast a ballot for the first time.

2963:

Deakin was almost universally liked, admired and respected by his contemporaries, who called him "Affable Alfred". He made his only real enemies at the time of the Fusion, when not only Labor but also some liberals such as Sir

2682:

in San Francisco. He was offered the role initially by Cook and then by Andrew Fisher, who returned as prime minister in September 1914. The appointment was entirely ceremonial and had the support of both Fisher and his deputy

1747:, a small country town where she was attending a girls' boarding school run by the Thompson sisters. He was the only male pupil at the school. It was unusual for children to be sent away at such a young age, and his biographer 5366:

1974 – Deakin, Alfred and Murdoch, Walter / La Nauze, J A and Nurser, Elizabeth (eds) "Walter Murdoch and Alfred Deakin on 'Books and Men': Letters and Comments, 1900–1918" Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1974.

1606:(ALP). He left office in April 1904 following an unproductive first term but returned in July 1905 and was able to form a functional government with the support of the ALP. He relinquished office again in August 1908. 1707:, which began the following year. William Deakin initially struggled to find steady employment, but later became involved with the carrying and coaching trade, transporting people and goods; he was listed as a 5356:

1944 – Deakin, Alfred / Brookes, Herbert (ed) "The Federal Story: The Inner History of the Federal Cause" Robertson & Mullens, Melbourne, 1944 (later editions edited by J.A. La Nauze and Stuart Macintyre

2615:

was the first to present a straight choice between two alternative parties. To Deakin's surprise, the ALP won a clear majority, gaining 16 seats in the House and sweeping the Senate. In what he called "the

5318:

The House of Representatives expired by "effluxion of time" on 19 February 1910. This is the only occasion on which the House has been allowed to expire rather than being dissolved by the Governor-General.

2030:. He certainly did not see federation as marking Australia's independence from Britain. On the contrary, Deakin was a supporter of closer empire unity, serving as president of the Victorian branch of the 1954:. In addition, Deakin lost his fortune and his father's fortune in the property crash of 1893, and had to return to the bar to restore his finances. In 1892, he unsuccessfully defended the mass murderer 2674:

After the 1913 election, Cook offered Deakin the position of chairman of the Interstate Commission, but he declined. In 1914, following the outbreak of World War I, he did accept a request to chair a

6684: 2529:, and returned to power in May 1909 at the head of Australia's first majority government. The Fusion was seen by many as a betrayal of Deakin's liberal principles, and he was called a "Judas" by Sir 1785:, his legal studies were "the least important part of his education" during his time at university. He was a frequent speaker in the Melbourne University Debating Society, where he was mentored by 2395:

Deakin's supporters began to lobby him to seek a return to government in 1905. He was reinvigorated by a trip to Western Australia early in the year, where he was struck by the development of the

1978:

After 1890, Deakin refused all offers of cabinet posts and devoted his attention to the movement for federation. He was Victoria's delegate to the Australasian Federal Conference, convened by Sir

6679: 6144: 2416:, while denying it had been premeditated. By convention, this was treated as a motion of no confidence. Reid sought a dissolution and early election, but was refused by the Governor-General, 2501:

to visit Australia, in a symbolic act of independence from Britain. The Surplus Revenue Act of 1908 provided £250,000 for naval expenditure, although these funds were first applied by the

2232:

What kind of a game of cricket could you have, if you had three elevens in the field instead of two, and one sometimes played on one side, sometimes on the other, and sometimes for itself?

2262:

party of government. However, his diaries also suggest he was under considerable personal strain and could have been "simply courting defeat to relieve himself of the burden of office".

6689: 2857:

much later, Deakin's sincere longing for spiritual fulfilment led him to express a sense of unworthiness in his private diaries, which mingled with his literary aspirations as a poet.

2160:, cabinet began to consider who would fill the newly created seats on the High Court. Encouraged by his colleagues, Barton decided to retire from politics and accept appointment to a 2647:

Liberal Party was to oversee the election of his successor, held on 20 January. He supported Cook, who defeated John Forrest by a single vote. Deakin retired from parliament at the

2303:

Watson attempted to form an alliance with the Liberal Protectionists in June 1904, but was rebuffed. Deakin felt that the power of the Protectionists would be diminished by Labor's

2241:

the analogy was imperfect, as realistically the Labor Party and Free Traders would never agree to an alliance; Deakin's party was an obligatory partner in any coalition government.

2078:. He was active, especially in drafting bills for the Public Service, arbitration and the High Court. His second reading speech on the Immigration Restriction Bill to implement the 2481:, that had ordained the establishment of the Commonwealth's capital at Dalgety, and vigorously, if unsuccessfully, fought the move to relocate the capital to the Canberra area. 2140:

amendment extending its provisions to state railway workers, which Deakin regarded as unconstitutional. He received much of the criticism for the decision to withdraw the bill.

1625:. Deakin regarded his final term as prime minister, from June 1909 to April 1910, as his most productive. However, to his surprise, the ALP won a majority in both houses at the 1776:, and began attending evening classes the following year. He could not afford to study full-time, working during the day as a schoolteacher and private tutor. At the time, the 4863: 1884:, daughter of a well-known spiritualist. They lived with Deakin's parents until 1887, when they moved to "Llanarth", in Walsh Street, South Yarra. They had three daughters, 1862:

by-election by 15 votes, narrowly lost the seat in the February 1880 general election, but won it in yet another early general election in July 1880. The radical premier,

6754: 6744: 6674: 2731: 2473:

as Lieutenant-Governor of Papua in 1908, who ruled it for a 32-year period as a benevolent paternalist. His government passed a bill for the transfer of control of the

4600: 2548:

In a letter to his sister, Deakin described the legislative achievements of 1909 as "the finest harvest of any session". Acts were passed authorising the creation of

5177: 5363:

1968 – Deakin, Alfred / La Nauze, J A (ed) "Federated Australia: Selections from Letters to the Morning Post 1900–1910" Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1968.

3738: 2989: 6799: 6789: 5923: 2905:

deeply conscious of being, as he put it, a tool for providence to work through. Any powers he had he felt he owed to the divine one and it was not his doing."

2453:

In 1906 Deakin's government amended the Judiciary Act to increase the size of the High Court to five judges, as envisaged in the constitution, and appointed

6719: 3779: 2121:

Deakin continued his efforts to establish a federal judiciary when parliament resumed in May 1903. The government eventually passed a compromise bill, the

1703:(known as Kate) was born in July 1850, at which point her father was working as a storekeeper and clerk. The family moved to Melbourne as a result of the 6749: 5360:

1957 – Deakin, Alfred / La Nauze, J A and Crawford, R M (eds) "The Crisis in Victorian Politics, 1879–1881" Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1957.

1572: 1567:

reformers. In the 1890s Deakin became one of the leading figures in the movement for the federation of the Australian colonies. He was a delegate to the

6729: 2783:, a drama in five acts. Deakin attempted to burn the prints. However some survived and the play was reprinted 1940, as an example of Australian verse. 2561: 1106: 5337:

1885 – Deakin, Alfred "Irrigation in Western America, so Far as it has Relation to the Circumstances of Victoria" Government Printer, Melbourne, 1885.

6659: 5340:

1893 – Deakin, Alfred "Irrigated India: An Australian View of India and Ceylon, Their Irrigation and Agriculture" W. Thacker & Co., London, 1893.

1679:

Bill) and William Deakin. His father left school at the age of 14 and became a travelling salesman. He met his future wife while travelling through

4487: 2744:

in London. They returned to Australia in early 1917, after which he was generally confined to his home in South Yarra and only saw family members.

2217: 1555:

in 1879, aged 23, additionally working as a barrister and journalist. He held ministerial office sporadically beginning in 1883, serving twice as

6401: 2489:

In December 1907, he introduced the first bill to establish compulsory military service, which was also strongly supported by Labor's Watson and

2321:

procedural motion on an amendment. Watson took the vote as a motion of no confidence and resigned. Many ALP members felt betrayed by Deakin, and

1226: 6809: 6654: 6526: 6293: 1743:. His parents and sister would live there for the rest of their lives. At the age of four, Deakin was sent to join his ten-year-old sister in 6759: 6639: 5605: 1944: 1122: 727: 5346:

1923 – Deakin, Alfred / Walter Murdoch (ed) "Alfred Deakin – A Sketch" Bookman Press Pty Ltd (First published 1923 later 1999 out of print)

1739:

in about 1863. Rather than build an entirely new house, his father transported a wooden cottage from Fitzroy to South Yarra and then had it

6734: 6669: 2786:

Deakin continued to write prolifically throughout his career. He was a member of the Eclectic Association; fellow members included authors

2585: 2443: 1982:

in Melbourne in 1890, which agreed to hold an intercolonial convention to draft a federal constitution. He was a leading negotiator at the

1715:

as a manager, inspector, and accountant, earning a salary that allowed he and his family to maintain a comfortable middle-class lifestyle.

1148: 6819: 6709: 6644: 4049:

Hearn, Mark (2018). "Contesting 'the Ballarat cry': interpreting the unstable narrative of trade and race in the 1903 federal election".

3057: 2679: 2577: 1629:. He retired from politics in 1913, in the early stages of a degenerative neurological condition that led to his death at the age of 63. 2135:

speech on the bill at short notice, following Kingston's surprise resignation from cabinet. He argued the bill, which would introduce a

5916: 2806:

in 1944 and is a vital primary source for this history. His account of his career in Victorian politics in the 1880s was published as

2845:

Though Deakin always took pains to obscure the spiritual dimensions of his character from the public gaze, he felt a strong sense of

1462: 3063:

Since Deakin's death, several places have been named in his honour. Educational institutions that bear his name include Melbourne's

6794: 6175: 5757: 5711: 2581: 2376:. He named the property "Ballara" and moved a wooden house onto the land, which served as a holiday home for the rest of his life. 2258:

in his government. He tendered his resignation as prime minister on the same day and was formally succeeded by Watson on 27 April.

2254:

moved for the bill to be amended to cover state public servants. The amendment passed by 38 votes to 29, which Deakin treated as a

1143: 463: 2403:. Most importantly, Chris Watson wrote privately that he would have the "active support" of the Labor Party if he resumed office. 6824: 6714: 6664: 2014: 6804: 6784: 6769: 6764: 5301: 3699: 3151: 1467: 345: 6814: 6649: 6579: 6356: 6248: 6213: 5909: 5577: 5567: 4960: 3634: 3243: 2335: 1983: 1568: 1456: 1373: 750: 6699: 6469: 6444: 5936: 5351: 3205: 3177: 3142: 3091: 2417: 1352: 235: 138: 3027:, who was never offered the appointment, Deakin was the only Australian prime minister not to be a privy counsellor until 6704: 6559: 6394: 3016: 3015:, aged 30, but declined to accept. On three separate occasions – in 1900, 1907, and 1913 – he refused appointment to the 2678:

into food supply during the war. Deakin's final public engagement was as leader of the Australian delegation to the 1915

1904: 1296: 1219: 633: 198: 3750: 6694: 6519: 6286: 4947: 3833: 3813: 3621: 3554: 2713: 2447: 2342:. He and Reid agreed to a "fiscal truce" in which the issue of the tariff would not be raised until the next election. 2099: 1826: 2005:

to oversee the passage of the federation bill through the Imperial Parliament, and took part in the negotiations with

5584: 5557: 5506: 5439: 5411: 5393: 5372: 1850: 1830: 1825:

s weekly. During this period Syme converted him from supporting free trade to protectionism. He became active in the

2026:

Deakin defined himself as an "independent Australian Briton", favouring a self-governing Australia but loyal to the

1814:, who paid him to contribute reviews, leaders and articles on politics and literature. In 1880, he became editor of 999: 6724: 5550: 2648: 2612: 2601: 2545:

contained five first-time appointees, reflecting the need to balance the competing interests within the new party.

2193: 2063: 1951: 1626: 1591: 1587: 1243: 1194: 1189: 1184: 1079: 785: 84: 2477:

from South Australia to the Commonwealth, which became effective in 1911. As prime minister Deakin championed the

1632:

Deakin is regarded as one of Australia's most influential prime ministers. He was the principal architect of the "

6779: 6774: 2103: 1873:

During the 1980s, Deaking became involved in a number of organisations relating to public affairs, including the

1533: 1379: 883: 3023:". His refusal was "singular, indeed unique, among Australian politicians of comparable prominence". Except for 6739: 6387: 4952: 4495: 3890: 3787: 3626: 1928: 1854: 1552: 1433: 1212: 682: 4152: 6512: 6279: 5665: 4855: 2889: 2288: 2220:, in a January 1904 speech Deakin used an uncharacteristic sporting analogy to call for the establishment of 2071: 1924: 1900: 1896: 1874: 1858: 1579: 556: 3791: 2058:

The first and second Prime Ministers of Australia, Edmund Barton and Alfred Deakin, amongst the 1901 cabinet

1950:

The government was brought down in 1890, over its use of the militia to protect non-union labour during the

6168: 5646: 2557: 1867: 1556: 1403: 674: 5474: 2102:

until Barton's return in October 1902. During this time he dealt with the resignation of Governor-General

2023:) matters could be finalised in the High Court, but other matters could be appealed to the Privy Council. 5932: 5811: 5738: 5692: 4782: 3838: 3818: 3559: 3035:

as prime minister, believing they should only be awarded based on academic prowess. He rejected honorary

2651:

held in May, which saw Cook and the Liberals form government with a bare one-seat majority in the House.

2165: 1613:, Deakin controversially led his supporters into a union with the Free Traders. Their alliance, based on 1595: 1525: 53: 4499: 6829: 6243: 5883: 2969: 2957: 2663: 2639: 2518: 2181: 1761:

a game which he played during his youth, though it is not known for which clubs or teams he played in.

1347: 5103:. Volume V. The People Make Laws 1888–1915. Melbourne University Press. Melbourne. 1981. pp. 275, 302. 4097: 3549: 3068: 3012: 2687:. However, Deakin's involvement was subject to political interference from external affairs minister 2553: 2369: 1987: 1932: 1758: 1451: 2929: 6434: 6331: 6218: 5675: 3072: 3053: 2608: 2348: 2095: 2091: 1955: 1753: 969: 601: 6609: 6599: 6161: 5623: 5238: 2255: 2010: 1917: 1769: 1684: 1564: 1537: 1428: 1251: 1201: 974: 3011:

Deakin generally rejected honours during his lifetime. He was first offered a knighthood at the

2747: 6410: 5830: 5784: 5541: 4522:

Their Fiery Cross of Union. A Retelling of the Creation of the Australian Federation, 1889–1914

3867:

Their Fiery Cross of Union. A Retelling of the Creation of the Australian Federation, 1889–1914

3854:

Their Fiery Cross of Union. A Retelling of the Creation of the Australian Federation, 1889–1914

3746: 3195: 3132: 2953: 2795: 2721: 2565: 2136: 2107: 2079: 1732: 1641: 1637: 1603: 1166: 940: 871: 6535: 6302: 5343:

1893 – Deakin, Alfred "Temple and Tomb in India" Melville, Mullen and Slade, Melbourne, 1893.

5331:

1875 – Deakin, Alfred "Quentin Massys: A Drama in Five Acts" J.P. Donaldson, Melbourne, 1875.

3200: 3190: 3147: 3118:

Deakin had a long and happy marriage and was survived by his wife and their three daughters:

3079:. He is one of only two prime ministers to have a university named in his honour, along with 2755:

Deakin died at his home on 7 October 1919, aged 63. His official cause of death was given as

2542: 2506: 2169: 2110:, which was resolved in favour of the federal government. He also secured the passage of the 2067: 1786: 1736: 1633: 1571:

and served on the committees that drafted the federal constitution. He later campaigned at a

1541: 1479: 1342: 1171: 1161: 946: 3879: 2168:. He relinquished the attorney-generalship and took on Barton's external affairs portfolio. 2152:"Advance Australia" postcard, featuring a portrait of Deakin as the incumbent prime minister 6634: 6629: 6366: 6258: 5636: 3666: 3020: 2831: 2659: 1391: 1337: 1138: 1069: 639: 5154: 4942: 2564:, Australia's first official diplomatic posting. Bills were also introduced to create the 8: 5862: 3045: 3036: 2756: 2221: 2206: 2031: 1935:, where he argued forcibly for reduced colonial payments for the defence provided by the 1704: 1622: 1560: 1529: 1409: 877: 394: 2854: 2517:

In 1908, Deakin was again forced from office by Labor. He then formed a coalition, the "

1804:

Deakin initially had difficulty in obtaining briefs as a barrister. In May 1878, he met

6484: 6351: 4066: 3442: 3434: 3413:"Indigeneity and the Disruption of Anglo-Australian Nationalism in Australian Football" 3381: 3099: 2667: 2617: 2569: 2494: 2474: 2466: 2396: 2389: 2293: 2177: 2123: 2006: 1656:– formed the basis of Australia's socio-economic framework well into the 20th century. 1524:(3 August 1856 – 7 October 1919) was an Australian politician who served as the second 1397: 1311: 1286: 831: 6494: 5901: 5473: 5113: 3887:

Commonwealth Parliamentary Debates House of Representatives, 12 September 1901, Vol. 4

1528:

from 1903 to 1904, 1905 to 1908 and 1909 to 1910. He held office as the leader of the

5435: 5407: 5389: 5368: 5347: 4992: 4974: 4966: 4956: 4070: 3648: 3640: 3630: 3616: 3446: 3385: 3239: 3210: 3173: 3084: 3076: 3064: 3004: 2846: 2835: 2802:

even while he was prime minister. His account of the federation movement appeared as

2768: 2709: 2498: 2334:, but lent his support and encouraged Protectionists (including his former treasurer 2279: 1991: 1670: 1499: 927: 858: 827: 3710: 2034:

League, a cause he believed to be a stepping stone to a more spiritual world unity.

1586:. He succeeded Barton as prime minister in September 1903. Two subsequent elections 6233: 6128: 6118: 5528: 5234: 4160: 4058: 3424: 3373: 3000: 2675: 2633:

Deakin in January 1913, leaving Parliament House on his final day as Liberal leader

2589: 2549: 2522: 2413: 2304: 2225: 2128: 2002: 1794: 1700: 1618: 1599: 1511: 1385: 1306: 6379: 4062: 3102:

in the House of Representatives, located in Melbourne's eastern suburbs. In 1969,

2629: 1673:. He was of English and Welsh descent, the younger of two children born to Sarah ( 6589: 6504: 6459: 6454: 6271: 6184: 6068: 5226: 3377: 3126: 3032: 2977: 2384: 2331: 2106:

over a salary dispute and conflict with the South Australian government over the

1696: 6439: 6326: 6123: 6078: 6048: 6023: 5469: 5246: 3545: 3103: 3040: 2861: 2839: 2798:

and David Mickle. Deakin wrote anonymous political commentaries for the London

2764: 2407:

fiscal truce. The significance of his address was elevated two days later when

2400: 2373: 2361: 2173: 2161: 2132: 2027: 1912: 1723: 1711:

at the time of his son's birth in 1856. By the early 1870s he was working with

1653: 1614: 1291: 25: 16:

Prime Minister of Australia (1903–1904; 1905–1908; 1909–1910)

4923: 4905: 2465:

The Papua Act of 1905 established an Australian administration for the former

2356:. However, his primary interest was in religion, particularly the role of the 1669:

Deakin was born on 3 August 1856 in his parents' cottage at 90 George Street,

6623: 6594: 6574: 6479: 6197: 6103: 6073: 6028: 6008: 6003: 5993: 5983: 5973: 5948: 5855: 5823: 5804: 5794: 5767: 5748: 5685: 5457: 5445: 5278: 5214: 4970: 3644: 3438: 3138: 3107: 3049: 3028: 2982: 2881: 2865: 2787: 2760: 2717: 2502: 2470: 2458: 2365: 2283: 2251: 2075: 2047: 1998: 1931:

and, briefly, Solicitor-General. In 1887 he led Victoria's delegation to the

1881: 1782: 1777: 1765: 1712: 1688: 1687:

in 1849. Britain was experiencing an economic depression associated with the

1645: 1583: 1474: 1316: 899: 506: 216: 96: 4978: 4085:

On Message: Political Communications of Australian Prime Ministers 1901–2014

3652: 2968:

reviled him as a traitor. He is regarded as a founding father by the modern

2572:, but were not progressed and were passed by the succeeding ALP government. 1261: 6569: 6474: 6464: 6449: 6346: 6336: 6238: 6223: 6153: 6088: 6013: 5998: 5958: 5721: 5702: 5615: 5532: 5427: 5399: 5242: 3361: 3165: 3159: 3024: 2965: 2767:. He was interred next to his parents in the non-denominational section of 2705: 2701: 2684: 2541:

Deakin was sworn in as prime minister for a third time on 2 June 1909. The

2530: 2490: 2454: 2322: 2297: 2270: 2210: 1979: 1940: 1863: 1748: 952: 717: 549: 415: 228: 1708: 6584: 6564: 6341: 6228: 6113: 6093: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6043: 6038: 6033: 5988: 5963: 5893: 5840: 5777: 5731: 5518: 5241:, the daughter and granddaughter of farmers; her ancestors were from the 3429: 3412: 3122: 3080: 2948: 2791: 2741: 2526: 1889: 1885: 1841: 1833:, holding the office of President of the Victorian Spiritualists' Union. 1790: 1680: 1649: 923: 847: 278: 156: 5334:

1877 – Deakin, Alfred "A New Pilgrim's Progress" Terry, Melbourne, 1877.

4889: 3880:"Commonwealth Parliamentary Debate – The case for national racial unity" 3039:

degrees from the University of Oxford in 1900 and 1907, and an honorary

2917: 6108: 6098: 6018: 5483: 5250: 5182: 3667:"Cheap Livers and Death Dodgers: Vegetarianism in the National Library" 2869: 2688: 2592:, and was seen by Deakin as one of his most important accomplishments. 2368:

on a number of occasions, even chairing one of Booth's meetings at the

2339: 2326: 2314: 2184:(another High Court appointee). Lyne was given second rank in cabinet. 2115: 2009:, the Colonial Secretary, who insisted on the right of appeal from the 1959: 1936: 1805: 1610: 1301: 74: 2888:

cites extensively from his studies of Deakin's private diaries in the

6083: 5230: 5222: 2893: 1773: 1740: 1548: 1494: 1276: 988: 5073:. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1992. p. 76 citing Deakin's 3842:. Victorian Government Printer. 1 September 1890. p. 1890:3537. 2192:

Parliament was dissolved a month after Deakin took office, with the

2148: 2054: 5515:

held and selectively digitised by the National Library of Australia

5267: 3095: 2873: 2450:

was established in 1908 and the Quarantine Act was passed in 1908.

2357: 2201: 2019: 2017:. Eventually a compromise was reached, under which constitutional ( 1692: 1691:, and they decided to migrate to Australia. The Deakins arrived in 5512: 4867: 3364:(2012). "Alfred Deakin's Childhood: Books, a Boy and his Mother". 2338:) to accept ministerial posts; others within the party joined the 2296:. The Liberal Protectionists rejected the agreement, according to 2187: 6685:

Commonwealth Liberal Party members of the Parliament of Australia

5218: 3822:. Victorian Government Printer. 12 March 1883. p. 1883:2569. 3048:

of the cities of London and Edinburgh and an honorary bencher of

2850: 2309: 2066:

Deakin was elected to the first federal Parliament as MP for the

1986:, which produced a draft constitution that contained much of the 1810: 1744: 2822: 2428: 1970: 1020: 37: 6680:

Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Ballarat

2898: 2763:

at Queen's Hall in Parliament House, Melbourne, after a period

2751:

Deakin's funeral procession leaving Parliament House, Melbourne

2442:

Australian currency. The Copyright Act was passed in 1905, the

1731:

Deakin spent his early years in Fitzroy, then lived briefly in

5509:– Australia's Prime Ministers / National Archives of Australia 2300:

out of reluctance to serve in a ministry Deakin did not lead.

1675: 1621:

in federal politics and allowed him to form Australia's first

5272: 2278:

Deakin promised to extend "the utmost fair play" to the new

2046:

Photo in 1898 of the future 1st Prime Minister of Australia

1923:

In 1885, Deakin became Chief Secretary and Commissioner for

1594:

produced an even split between three parties, with Deakin's

5523: 3168:(1917-1977) - journalist, author, newspaper editor and POW. 2992:

a literary prize (now defunct), was created in his honour.

2042: 6690:

Protectionist Party members of the Parliament of Australia

3513: 3501: 3392: 3344: 3342: 3141:(1914–2014) – social worker, married Tony Clarke, son of 2771:, joined by his widow Pattie following her death in 1934. 2420:; Deakin was then commissioned to form a new government. 1943:. In 1889, he became the member for the Melbourne seat of 1829:

and began to practise vegetarianism. He became a lifelong

1578:

After the Federation in 1901, Deakin became the inaugural

5493:

The Federal Story: The Inner History of the Federal Cause

4836: 2325:

accused him of hypocrisy in speeches which he later told

2200:

Deakin outlined the government's platform at a speech in

1536:. He is notable for being one of the founding fathers of 4824: 4762: 4750: 4655: 4631: 4554: 4425: 4290: 4254: 4167: 3979: 3967: 3943: 3931: 3269: 3267: 2990:

Alfred Deakin Prize for an Essay Advancing Public Debate

2588:. The Financial Agreement nonetheless remained in place 5931: 5434:, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, Victoria, Ch.22. 5432:

Mr Prime Minister. Australian Prime Ministers 1901–1972

4740: 4738: 4725: 4723: 4710: 4708: 4706: 4571: 4569: 4544: 4542: 4343: 4341: 4232: 4230: 4135: 4133: 4131: 4032: 4030: 3921: 3919: 3489: 3477: 3465: 3453: 3339: 3315: 2735:

Graves of Alfred and Pattie Deakin at St Kilda Cemetery

1958:

and assisted the defence in the 1893–94 libel trial of

5229:

farmer, and their son – Deakin's father – was born in

3411:

Judd, Barry; Hallinan, Christopher (1 December 2019).

3090:

Other places named after Deakin include the suburb of

2952:

Bust of Alfred Deakin by sculptor Wallace Anderson in

2728:

from vegetarianism as possible causes of his illness.

2624: 3743:

Re-Member: a database of all Victorian MPs since 1851

3327: 3303: 3291: 3279: 3264: 3252: 3052:. The one honorary degree he did accept was from the 1575:

and lobbied the British government for its adoption.

5034:. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1992. p. 37. 4812: 4800: 4735: 4720: 4703: 4691: 4679: 4667: 4643: 4619: 4581: 4566: 4539: 4527: 4461: 4449: 4437: 4413: 4401: 4389: 4377: 4365: 4353: 4338: 4326: 4314: 4302: 4278: 4266: 4242: 4227: 4215: 4203: 4191: 4179: 4128: 4116: 4027: 4015: 4003: 3991: 3955: 3916: 3904: 6409: 5021:. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1992. p. 2. 3709:. Australian Prime Ministers Centre. Archived from 3056:in 1915, when he was representing Australia at the 2810:in 1957. His collected journalism was published as 2090:In May 1902, Barton left the country to attend the 1735:(now South Melbourne) before his family settled in 6755:20th-century Australian dramatists and playwrights 6745:19th-century Australian dramatists and playwrights 6675:Members of the Australian House of Representatives 6534: 6301: 2691:, and he decided on an early return to Australia. 2562:Australian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom 5213:His paternal grandfather John Deakin was born in 3834:"Appointment Solicitor-General Alfred Deakin MLA" 3826: 3814:"Appointment Solicitor-General Alfred Deakin MLA" 3806: 2638:led the campaign against the Fisher government's 2556:for young men, defining the extent of the future 2399:and received encouragement from John Forrest and 2050:and 2nd Prime Minister of Australia Alfred Deakin 1598:occupying an effective middle ground between the 6621: 4783:"Six Problems in the Biography of Alfred Deakin" 3404: 2892:, wrote: "By reading the world's scriptures and 1895:Deakin became Commissioner for Public Works and 1084: 5178:"Jessie, a force of nature from a simpler time" 4790:Agenda: A Journal of Policy Analysis and Reform 2484: 1551:to middle-class parents. He was elected to the 6800:Vice-Presidents of the Board of Land and Works 4894:. Melbourne: Printed by J. P. Donaldson. 1875. 3019:, which would have entitled him to be styled " 1664: 1130: 1114: 1098: 6790:Members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly 6520: 6395: 6287: 6169: 5917: 4910:Advocate (Melbourne, Vic. : 1868 - 1954) 4607:(7th ed.). Parliament of Australia. 2016 2379: 2352:, in addition to his weekly articles for the 2083:significant opposition to its establishment. 1939:and for improved consultation concerning the 1220: 1053: 6183: 5114:"Alfreddeakin | Alfred's daughter Vera" 5090:. Constable &Co Ltd. London 1923 p. 137. 5047:Elton Trueblood (ed) SCM Press. London 1947. 4848: 3410: 3236:The End of Certainty: The Story of the 1980s 3031:in the 1970s. He also refused to accept any 2834:until 1896, when he resigned on joining the 2621:the votes of many of his former supporters. 2536: 2444:Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics 2423: 2143: 6720:People educated at Melbourne Grammar School 4796:(1). Australian National University: 85–87. 2578:Section 87 of the Constitution of Australia 1849:Deakin stood for the largely rural seat of 569:1 January 1901 – 24 September 1903 6750:Australian male dramatists and playwrights 6527: 6513: 6402: 6388: 6294: 6280: 6176: 6162: 5924: 5910: 5482:. London: Hutchinson & Co – via 5217:, and worked in the leather industry as a 4951:. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, 4856:"The Visionary: Alfred Deakin (1856–1919)" 4157:The Oxford Companion to Australian History 3625:. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, 3135:(1906–1997) – businessman and RAAF officer 2860:His private prayer diaries, like those of 2172:was unchanged apart from the additions of 1718: 1227: 1213: 519:24 September 1903 – 27 April 1904 179:24 September 1903 – 27 April 1904 36: 6730:Leaders of the Commonwealth Liberal Party 5456: 5444: 4524:, Connor Court, Queensland, 2021, p. 282. 3869:, Connor Court, Queensland, 2021, p. 165. 3856:, Connor Court, Queensland, 2021, p. 306. 3519: 3507: 3495: 3483: 3471: 3459: 3428: 3398: 3348: 3333: 3321: 3309: 3297: 3285: 3273: 3258: 2975:His life was dramatised in the 1951 play 2584:and the surplus revenues amendment being 2244: 1836: 6660:Australian ministers for Foreign Affairs 5884:Leader of the Commonwealth Liberal Party 5480:The Dictionary of Australasian Biography 5060:. Angus and Robertson. Melbourne. p. 79. 4928:Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954) 4482: 4480: 4478: 4476: 3098:, Australian Capital Territory, and the 2999: 2947: 2821: 2746: 2730: 2658: 2628: 2427: 2383: 2269: 2147: 2053: 2041: 1997:In 1900 Deakin travelled to London with 1969: 1840: 1722: 1582:in the ministry led by his close friend 407:24 September 1903 – 26 May 1909 5519:Alfred Deakin Prime Ministerial Library 5468: 4780: 3774: 3772: 3770: 3768: 3733: 3731: 3610: 3608: 3606: 3604: 3602: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3058:Panama–Pacific International Exposition 2680:Panama–Pacific International Exposition 2611:and then hand over to a successor. The 2568:and formalise federal control over the 1899:in 1883, and the following year became 1882:Elizabeth Martha Anne ("Pattie") Browne 1870:in August, but Deakin turned him down. 1532:, and in his final term as that of the 1058: 476:5 July 1905 – 13 November 1908 119:5 July 1905 – 13 November 1908 6622: 5490: 5302:Seat of Government Acceptance Act 1909 5175: 3614: 3594: 3592: 3590: 3588: 3586: 3584: 3582: 3580: 3578: 3576: 3540: 3538: 3536: 3534: 3532: 3530: 3528: 3152:Australian Secret Intelligence Service 2872:) Christian view of the importance of 652:30 March 1901 – 23 April 1913 358:26 May 1909 – 20 January 1913 248:1 July 1910 – 20 January 1913 6810:Ministers for Public Works (Victoria) 6655:Leaders of the Opposition (Australia) 6508: 6383: 6275: 6157: 5905: 5831:Leader of the Opposition of Australia 5785:Leader of the Opposition of Australia 5462:Alfred Deakin: A Biography / Volume 2 5450:Alfred Deakin: A Biography / Volume 1 5398: 5263: 4842: 4830: 4818: 4806: 4768: 4756: 4744: 4729: 4714: 4697: 4685: 4673: 4661: 4649: 4637: 4625: 4587: 4575: 4560: 4548: 4533: 4473: 4467: 4455: 4443: 4431: 4419: 4407: 4395: 4383: 4371: 4359: 4347: 4332: 4320: 4308: 4296: 4284: 4272: 4260: 4248: 4236: 4221: 4209: 4197: 4185: 4173: 4139: 4122: 4048: 4036: 4021: 4009: 3997: 3985: 3973: 3961: 3949: 3937: 3925: 3910: 3360: 3233: 3158:Stella (1886–1976) married scientist 2826:Alfred Deakin and wife Pattie in 1907 2505:Labor government, creating the first 2238: 2188:1903 election and the "three elevens" 1965: 6760:20th-century Australian male writers 6640:Australian people of English descent 5513:Guide to the papers of Alfred Deakin 4999:. Australian Dictionary of Biography 4940: 4891:Quentin Massys: A drama in five acts 4102:Australian Federal Election Speeches 3872: 3765: 3728: 3206:List of prime ministers of Australia 2912: 2901:had found a new demesne to infest." 2694: 1857:in February 1879, as a supporter of 1772:. He formed an ambition to become a 1764:In 1871, aged 15, Deakin passed the 66:2 June 1909 – 29 April 1910 6735:20th-century Australian politicians 6670:Members of the Cabinet of Australia 5157:. Australian Stamp and Coin Company 3573: 3525: 2625:Leader of the Opposition, 1910–1913 2037: 1808:, the owner of the Melbourne daily 1699:, in March 1850. Their first child 13: 6820:People from the Colony of Victoria 6710:Victoria (state) state politicians 6645:Australian people of Welsh descent 6365: 6257: 5606:Member for Essendon and Flemington 5378: 5176:Clarke, Alice (28 December 2014). 4948:Australian Dictionary of Biography 4943:"Topp, Arthur Manning (1844–1916)" 3622:Australian Dictionary of Biography 3555:Dictionary of Australian Biography 2640:proposed constitutional amendments 2448:Commonwealth Bureau of Meteorology 2436: 2100:Acting Prime Minister of Australia 695:April 1889 – October 1900 291:26 May 1909 – 2 June 1909 14: 6841: 5863:Leader of the Protectionist Party 5500: 4605:House of Representatives Practice 3544: 2560:, and creating the office of the 1888:(b. 1883), Stella (b. 1886), and 1609:In 1909, in what became known as 1107:Conciliation and Arbitration Bill 6608: 6493: 6140: 6139: 5529:Alfred Deakin's personal library 5422:The Mystic Life of Alfred Deakin 5388:, Longman Australia, Melbourne. 5169: 5147: 5138: 5129: 5120: 5106: 5093: 5080: 5071:The Mystic Life of Alfred Deakin 5063: 5050: 5037: 5032:The Mystic Life of Alfred Deakin 5024: 5019:The Mystic Life of Alfred Deakin 5011: 4985: 4934: 4916: 4898: 4882: 4104:. Museum of Australian Democracy 3238:. Allen & Unwin. p. 3. 3150:(1920–2005) – first head of the 3125:(1883–1970) married businessman 3113: 2916: 2808:The Crisis in Victorian Politics 2708:". Later writers have suggested 2602:1910 Australian federal election 2265: 2194:1903 Australian federal election 1505: 1493: 1260: 1200: 1019: 998: 775:July 1879 – August 1879 6795:Ministers for Health (Victoria) 5325: 5312: 5285: 5256: 4774: 4593: 4514: 4145: 4090: 4077: 4042: 3859: 3846: 3692: 3659: 3354: 3176:(1891–1978) married politician 2817: 2779:In his youth, Deakin published 2714:early-onset Alzheimer's disease 2595: 1827:Australian Natives' Association 1636:", the features of which – the 1540:and for his influence in early 908: 740:July 1880 – March 1889 6825:Ministers for Water (Victoria) 6715:Solicitors-general of Victoria 6665:Attorneys-general of Australia 5237:. Deakin's mother was born in 5207: 4953:Australian National University 4930:. 16 November 1940. p. 7. 4496:National Archives of Australia 3891:National Archives of Australia 3788:National Archives of Australia 3627:Australian National University 3227: 2700:he also suffered from chronic 2654: 2388:Cartoon of Deakin and Reid by 2274:Portrait by Arthur J. Melhuish 1866:, offered him the position of 1855:Victorian Legislative Assembly 1553:Victorian Legislative Assembly 1434:Centre for Independent Studies 683:Victorian Legislative Assembly 1: 6805:Chief Secretaries of Victoria 6785:People from Fitzroy, Victoria 6770:20th-century Australian poets 6765:19th-century Australian poets 5758:Minister for External Affairs 5712:Minister for External Affairs 5666:Attorney General of Australia 5464:. Melbourne University Press. 5452:. Melbourne University Press. 5424:, Cambridge University Press. 5225:. He married the daughter of 4063:10.1080/14490854.2018.1513802 3366:Australian Historical Studies 3216: 3007:is named after Alfred Deakin. 2890:National Library of Australia 2774: 2550:a separate Australian coinage 2072:Attorney-General of Australia 1933:Imperial Conference in London 1909:Irrigation in Western America 1875:National Anti-Sweating League 1859:Victorian Legislative Council 1659: 1580:Attorney-General of Australia 557:Attorney-General of Australia 464:Minister for External Affairs 6815:Burials at St Kilda Cemetery 6650:Prime ministers of Australia 5933:Prime ministers of Australia 4993:"Deakin, Alfred (1856–1919)" 4864:Friends of St Kilda Cemetery 3617:"Deakin, Alfred (1856–1919)" 3550:"Deakin, Alfred (1856–1919)" 3378:10.1080/1031461X.2011.585653 3221: 2853:working in his career. Like 2558:Australian Capital Territory 2554:compulsory military training 2485:Defence and external affairs 1868:Attorney-General of Victoria 1845:Caricature of Deakin in 1886 1671:Fitzroy, Melbourne, Victoria 1617:, marked the beginning of a 1557:Attorney-General of Victoria 7: 6700:Melbourne Law School alumni 5812:Prime Minister of Australia 5739:Prime Minister of Australia 5693:Prime Minister of Australia 5475:"Deakin, Hon. Alfred" 5077:Prayer XLVII 12 August 1888 4492:Australia's Prime Ministers 3839:Victoria Government Gazette 3819:Victoria Government Gazette 3784:Australia's Prime Ministers 3560:Project Gutenberg Australia 3184: 2613:April 1910 federal election 2479:Seat of Government Act 1904 2166:Government House, Melbourne 1984:Federal Conventions of 1891 1665:Birth and family background 1596:Liberal Protectionist Party 1526:prime minister of Australia 1139:Separate Australian Coinage 1123:Senate elections referendum 1092:Prime Minister of Australia 346:Leader of the Liberal Party 54:Prime Minister of Australia 10: 6846: 6705:Politicians from Melbourne 5307:High Commissioner Act 1909 5058:Alfred Deakin. A Biography 4488:"Alfred Deakin, in office" 4087:Clareville Press 2014 p 39 2995: 2970:Liberal Party of Australia 2958:Ballarat Botanical Gardens 2599: 2074:in the ministry headed by 1559:and aligning himself with 1149:Surplus revenue referendum 1059:Victorian (state) politics 331:Party leadership positions 6695:Australian federationists 6606: 6555: 6543: 6491: 6430: 6418: 6363: 6322: 6310: 6255: 6204: 6192: 6137: 5944: 5890: 5881: 5876: 5860: 5852: 5847: 5837: 5828: 5820: 5809: 5801: 5791: 5782: 5774: 5764: 5755: 5745: 5736: 5728: 5718: 5709: 5699: 5690: 5682: 5672: 5663: 5658: 5653: 5643: 5634: 5629: 5622: 5612: 5603: 5598: 5582: 5574: 5564: 5555: 5547: 5540: 5221:before later becoming an 5144:La Nauze (1965a), p. 204. 5135:La Nauze (1965a), p. 203. 5126:La Nauze (1965a), p. 202. 4912:. 2 July 1953. p. 9. 4781:Coleman, William (2018). 3069:Alfred Deakin High School 2908: 2537:Prime Minister, 1909–1910 2512: 2446:was established in 1906, 2424:Prime Minister, 1905–1908 2370:Royal Exhibition Building 2156:After the passage of the 2144:Prime Minister, 1903–1904 1988:Constitution of Australia 1759:Australian rules football 1452:Conservatism in Australia 1115:Second term of government 1006: 994: 984: 962: 933: 918: 893: 864: 854: 837: 814: 809: 805: 791: 779: 768: 756: 744: 733: 723: 711: 699: 688: 680: 668: 656: 645: 630: 626: 622: 615: 611: 595: 583: 573: 562: 555: 543: 533: 523: 512: 500: 490: 480: 469: 462: 458: 451: 447: 431: 421: 411: 400: 392: 382: 370: 362: 351: 344: 340: 336: 329: 325: 315: 305: 295: 284: 272: 262: 252: 241: 234: 222: 210: 191: 183: 172: 162: 150: 131: 123: 112: 102: 90: 80: 70: 59: 51: 47: 35: 23: 5848:Party political offices 5495:. Robertson and Mullins. 5384:Birrell, Robert (1995), 5200: 5045:Doctor Johnson's Prayers 3073:Melbourne Grammar School 3054:University of California 3013:1887 Colonial Conference 2609:1911 Imperial Conference 2096:1902 Colonial Conference 2092:coronation of Edward VII 1956:Frederick Bailey Deeming 1905:Minister of Public Works 1880:In 1882, Deakin married 1801:, a drama in five acts. 1797:, and in 1875 published 1754:Melbourne Grammar School 1242:This article is part of 1131:Third term of government 1099:First term of government 1028:This article is part of 970:Melbourne Grammar School 236:Leader of the Opposition 192:Governors‑General 132:Governors‑General 6725:Australian Theosophists 5624:Parliament of Australia 5491:Deakin, Alfred (1944). 5404:The Enigmatic Mr Deakin 5239:Llanarth, Monmouthshire 5088:Alfred Deakin: A sketch 5075:Boke of Praer and Prase 4924:"Australian Literature" 3780:"Alfred Deakin, before" 3417:Review of Nationalities 3129:. Their children were: 2509:in the British empire. 2313:, edited by his friend 2256:motion of no confidence 2011:High Court of Australia 1945:Essendon and Flemington 1918:irrigation in Australia 1770:University of Melbourne 1719:Childhood and education 1685:Grosmont, Monmouthshire 1429:Menzies Research Centre 1374:Women's National League 1253:Liberalism in Australia 975:University of Melbourne 728:Essendon and Flemington 81:Governor‑General 6780:Australian suffragists 6775:Australian monarchists 6371: 6263: 5585:Member for West Bourke 5558:Member for West Bourke 5542:Parliament of Victoria 5101:A History Of Australia 3747:Parliament of Victoria 3196:Second Deakin Ministry 3133:Wilfred Deakin Brookes 3110:bearing his portrait. 3008: 2960: 2954:Prime Ministers Avenue 2827: 2796:Arthur Patchett Martin 2752: 2736: 2671: 2666:portrait of Deakin by 2634: 2566:Inter-State Commission 2433: 2392: 2275: 2245:Defeat and resignation 2237:However, according to 2234: 2180:to replace Barton and 2153: 2137:compulsory arbitration 2108:external affairs power 2080:White Australia policy 2059: 2051: 1975: 1846: 1837:Early political career 1757:also passionate about 1728: 1683:, and they married at 1652:, and support for the 1642:compulsory arbitration 1638:White Australia policy 1604:Australian Labor Party 1457:Liberal Party factions 1144:State debts referendum 6740:Australian male poets 6411:Second Deakin Cabinet 6369: 6261: 4098:"1903: Alfred Deakin" 3201:Third Deakin Ministry 3191:First Deakin Ministry 3148:Alfred Deakin Brookes 3075:, and Deakin Hall at 3003: 2951: 2864:, express a profound 2830:He was active in the 2825: 2750: 2734: 2662: 2649:1913 federal election 2632: 2600:Further information: 2543:Third Deakin Ministry 2469:and Deakin appointed 2432:Alfred Deakin in 1905 2431: 2387: 2273: 2230: 2151: 2068:Division of Ballaarat 2057: 2045: 1974:Alfred Deakin in 1898 1973: 1844: 1787:Charles Henry Pearson 1727:Deakin as a young man 1726: 1634:Australian settlement 1573:series of referendums 1500:Liberalism portal 1480:Politics of Australia 850:, Victoria, Australia 634:Australian Parliament 6536:Third Deakin Cabinet 6303:First Deakin Cabinet 5637:Member for Ballaarat 4860:St Kilda Biographies 4502:on 29 September 2009 3430:10.2478/pn-2019-0008 3234:Kelly, Paul (1992). 3139:Jessie Deakin Clarke 3021:The Right Honourable 2886:History of Australia 2832:Theosophical Society 2218:ongoing Ashes series 1512:Australia portal 1392:New Liberal Movement 590:Position established 377:Position established 5878:New political party 5593:District abolished 5406:. Text Publishing. 5386:A Nation of Our Own 4906:"Advocate Magazine" 4845:, pp. 424–425. 4833:, pp. 423–424. 4771:, pp. 402–404. 4759:, pp. 416–419. 4664:, pp. 400–402. 4640:, pp. 394–396. 4563:, pp. 391–392. 4434:, pp. 320–321. 4299:, pp. 305–306. 4263:, pp. 301–302. 4176:, pp. 297–298. 3988:, pp. 283–284. 3976:, pp. 282–283. 3952:, pp. 275–277. 3940:, pp. 273–275. 3794:on 29 February 2020 3615:Norris, R. (1981). 3166:Rohan Deakin Rivett 3037:Doctor of Civil Law 2812:Federated Australia 2759:. He was granted a 2757:meningoencephalitis 2222:majority government 2207:Imperial Preference 2112:Customs Tariff 1902 2032:Imperial Federation 1929:Minister for Health 1705:Victorian gold rush 1623:majority government 1569:federal conventions 1547:Deakin was born in 1542:Australian politics 1530:Protectionist Party 1410:Protectionist Party 953:Rohan Deakin Rivett 395:Protectionist Party 6485:Thomas Playford II 6372: 6352:Thomas Playford II 6264: 5654:Political offices 5420:Gabay, Al (1992), 5245:of Monmouthshire, 4083:Julian Fitzgerald 3680:(3). December 2003 3106:honoured him on a 3100:Division of Deakin 3071:, Deakin House at 3009: 2961: 2928:. You can help by 2828: 2753: 2737: 2672: 2668:Frederick McCubbin 2635: 2570:Northern Territory 2495:Theodore Roosevelt 2475:Northern Territory 2467:British New Guinea 2434: 2397:Eastern Goldfields 2393: 2390:Livingston Hopkins 2294:cabinet solidarity 2276: 2162:puisne justiceship 2154: 2124:Judiciary Act 1903 2060: 2052: 2007:Joseph Chamberlain 1976: 1966:Road to Federation 1847: 1729: 1398:Liberal Federation 832:Colony of Victoria 6830:National founders 6617: 6616: 6502: 6501: 6377: 6376: 6269: 6268: 6151: 6150: 5900: 5899: 5891:Succeeded by 5838:Succeeded by 5792:Succeeded by 5765:Succeeded by 5746:Succeeded by 5719:Succeeded by 5700:Succeeded by 5673:Succeeded by 5644:Succeeded by 5613:Succeeded by 5565:Succeeded by 5524:Deakin University 4962:978-0-522-84459-7 4051:History Australia 3636:978-0-522-84459-7 3522:, pp. 26–28. 3510:, pp. 24–25. 3401:, pp. 18–19. 3245:978-1-86373-388-5 3211:Deakin University 3085:Curtin University 3077:Monash University 3065:Deakin University 3005:Deakin University 2946: 2945: 2836:Australian Church 2804:The Federal Story 2769:St Kilda Cemetery 2710:vascular dementia 2706:hyperneurasthenia 2695:Illness and death 2499:Great White Fleet 2280:Watson government 1901:Solicitor-General 1519: 1518: 1353:Liberal Democrats 1237: 1236: 1074: 1046: 1045: 1010: 1009: 859:St Kilda Cemetery 801: 800: 607: 606: 443: 442: 6837: 6612: 6529: 6522: 6515: 6506: 6505: 6497: 6404: 6397: 6390: 6381: 6380: 6296: 6289: 6282: 6273: 6272: 6244:Richard O'Connor 6234:Charles Kingston 6178: 6171: 6164: 6155: 6154: 6143: 6142: 5926: 5919: 5912: 5903: 5902: 5871:Party disbanded 5853:Preceded by 5821:Preceded by 5802:Preceded by 5775:Preceded by 5729:Preceded by 5683:Preceded by 5575:Preceded by 5548:Preceded by 5538: 5537: 5496: 5487: 5477: 5465: 5453: 5417: 5319: 5316: 5310: 5297:Defence Act 1909 5293:Coinage Act 1909 5289: 5283: 5260: 5254: 5235:Northamptonshire 5211: 5195: 5194: 5192: 5190: 5173: 5167: 5166: 5164: 5162: 5151: 5145: 5142: 5136: 5133: 5127: 5124: 5118: 5117: 5110: 5104: 5097: 5091: 5086:Walter Murdoch. 5084: 5078: 5067: 5061: 5054: 5048: 5043:Samuel Johnson. 5041: 5035: 5028: 5022: 5015: 5009: 5008: 5006: 5004: 4989: 4983: 4982: 4941:Eastwood, Jill. 4938: 4932: 4931: 4920: 4914: 4913: 4902: 4896: 4895: 4886: 4880: 4879: 4877: 4875: 4870:on 21 March 2012 4866:. Archived from 4852: 4846: 4840: 4834: 4828: 4822: 4816: 4810: 4804: 4798: 4797: 4787: 4778: 4772: 4766: 4760: 4754: 4748: 4742: 4733: 4727: 4718: 4712: 4701: 4695: 4689: 4683: 4677: 4671: 4665: 4659: 4653: 4647: 4641: 4635: 4629: 4623: 4617: 4616: 4614: 4612: 4597: 4591: 4585: 4579: 4573: 4564: 4558: 4552: 4546: 4537: 4531: 4525: 4520:William Coleman, 4518: 4512: 4511: 4509: 4507: 4498:. Archived from 4484: 4471: 4465: 4459: 4453: 4447: 4441: 4435: 4429: 4423: 4417: 4411: 4405: 4399: 4393: 4387: 4381: 4375: 4369: 4363: 4357: 4351: 4345: 4336: 4330: 4324: 4318: 4312: 4306: 4300: 4294: 4288: 4282: 4276: 4270: 4264: 4258: 4252: 4246: 4240: 4234: 4225: 4219: 4213: 4207: 4201: 4195: 4189: 4183: 4177: 4171: 4165: 4164: 4161:Oxford Reference 4149: 4143: 4137: 4126: 4120: 4114: 4113: 4111: 4109: 4094: 4088: 4081: 4075: 4074: 4046: 4040: 4034: 4025: 4019: 4013: 4007: 4001: 3995: 3989: 3983: 3977: 3971: 3965: 3959: 3953: 3947: 3941: 3935: 3929: 3923: 3914: 3908: 3902: 3901: 3899: 3897: 3884: 3876: 3870: 3865:William Coleman, 3863: 3857: 3852:William Coleman, 3850: 3844: 3843: 3830: 3824: 3823: 3810: 3804: 3803: 3801: 3799: 3790:. Archived from 3776: 3763: 3762: 3760: 3758: 3753:on 23 April 2023 3749:. Archived from 3735: 3726: 3725: 3723: 3721: 3715: 3704: 3696: 3690: 3689: 3687: 3685: 3671: 3663: 3657: 3656: 3612: 3571: 3570: 3568: 3566: 3542: 3523: 3517: 3511: 3505: 3499: 3493: 3487: 3481: 3475: 3469: 3463: 3457: 3451: 3450: 3432: 3408: 3402: 3396: 3390: 3389: 3358: 3352: 3346: 3337: 3331: 3325: 3319: 3313: 3307: 3301: 3295: 3289: 3283: 3277: 3271: 3262: 3256: 3250: 3249: 3231: 3178:Sir Thomas White 3160:Sir David Rivett 3143:Sir Frank Clarke 3033:honorary degrees 2941: 2938: 2920: 2913: 2855:Dag Hammarskjöld 2676:royal commission 2664:Parliament House 2521:", with his old 2507:independent navy 2414:address-in-reply 2380:"Notice to quit" 2305:party discipline 2226:two-party system 2216:Inspired by the 2213:'s Labor Party. 2182:Richard O'Connor 2170:The new ministry 2129:Charles Kingston 2038:Attorney-General 2003:Charles Kingston 1824: 1795:narrative poetry 1619:two-party system 1510: 1509: 1508: 1498: 1497: 1404:Liberal Movement 1368: 1332: 1264: 1254: 1239: 1238: 1229: 1222: 1215: 1204: 1085:Attorney-General 1066: 1042: 1041: 1039: 1032: 1031: 1023: 1016: 1015: 1012: 1011: 1002: 912: 910: 844: 824: 822: 810:Personal details 794: 782: 773: 759: 747: 738: 714: 702: 693: 671: 659: 650: 636: 613: 612: 598: 586: 576: 567: 546: 536: 526: 517: 503: 493: 483: 474: 449: 448: 434: 424: 416:Sir William Lyne 405: 385: 373: 356: 327: 326: 318: 308: 298: 289: 275: 265: 255: 246: 225: 213: 177: 165: 153: 117: 105: 93: 64: 40: 21: 20: 6845: 6844: 6840: 6839: 6838: 6836: 6835: 6834: 6620: 6619: 6618: 6613: 6604: 6590:Littleton Groom 6551: 6546:Prime Minister: 6539: 6533: 6503: 6498: 6489: 6460:James Hume Cook 6455:Littleton Groom 6426: 6421:Prime Minister: 6414: 6408: 6378: 6373: 6361: 6318: 6313:Prime Minister: 6306: 6300: 6270: 6265: 6253: 6200: 6195:Prime Minister: 6188: 6182: 6152: 6147: 6133: 5940: 5930: 5896: 5887: 5866: 5858: 5843: 5834: 5826: 5815: 5807: 5797: 5788: 5780: 5770: 5761: 5751: 5742: 5734: 5724: 5715: 5705: 5696: 5688: 5678: 5669: 5649: 5647:Charles McGrath 5640: 5618: 5609: 5588: 5580: 5570: 5561: 5553: 5503: 5470:Mennell, Philip 5428:Hughes, Colin A 5414: 5381: 5379:Further reading 5328: 5323: 5322: 5317: 5313: 5290: 5286: 5261: 5257: 5243:border counties 5227:Buckinghamshire 5212: 5208: 5203: 5198: 5188: 5186: 5174: 5170: 5160: 5158: 5153: 5152: 5148: 5143: 5139: 5134: 5130: 5125: 5121: 5112: 5111: 5107: 5098: 5094: 5085: 5081: 5068: 5064: 5055: 5051: 5042: 5038: 5029: 5025: 5016: 5012: 5002: 5000: 4991: 4990: 4986: 4963: 4939: 4935: 4922: 4921: 4917: 4904: 4903: 4899: 4888: 4887: 4883: 4873: 4871: 4854: 4853: 4849: 4841: 4837: 4829: 4825: 4817: 4813: 4805: 4801: 4785: 4779: 4775: 4767: 4763: 4755: 4751: 4743: 4736: 4728: 4721: 4713: 4704: 4696: 4692: 4684: 4680: 4672: 4668: 4660: 4656: 4648: 4644: 4636: 4632: 4624: 4620: 4610: 4608: 4599: 4598: 4594: 4586: 4582: 4574: 4567: 4559: 4555: 4547: 4540: 4532: 4528: 4519: 4515: 4505: 4503: 4486: 4485: 4474: 4466: 4462: 4454: 4450: 4442: 4438: 4430: 4426: 4418: 4414: 4406: 4402: 4394: 4390: 4382: 4378: 4370: 4366: 4358: 4354: 4346: 4339: 4331: 4327: 4319: 4315: 4307: 4303: 4295: 4291: 4283: 4279: 4271: 4267: 4259: 4255: 4247: 4243: 4235: 4228: 4220: 4216: 4208: 4204: 4196: 4192: 4184: 4180: 4172: 4168: 4153:"Three elevens" 4151: 4150: 4146: 4138: 4129: 4121: 4117: 4107: 4105: 4096: 4095: 4091: 4082: 4078: 4047: 4043: 4035: 4028: 4020: 4016: 4008: 4004: 3996: 3992: 3984: 3980: 3972: 3968: 3960: 3956: 3948: 3944: 3936: 3932: 3924: 3917: 3909: 3905: 3895: 3893: 3882: 3878: 3877: 3873: 3864: 3860: 3851: 3847: 3832: 3831: 3827: 3812: 3811: 3807: 3797: 3795: 3778: 3777: 3766: 3756: 3754: 3739:"Alfred Deakin" 3737: 3736: 3729: 3719: 3717: 3713: 3702: 3700:"Alfred Deakin" 3698: 3697: 3693: 3683: 3681: 3669: 3665: 3664: 3660: 3637: 3613: 3574: 3564: 3562: 3546:Serle, Percival 3543: 3526: 3518: 3514: 3506: 3502: 3494: 3490: 3482: 3478: 3470: 3466: 3458: 3454: 3409: 3405: 3397: 3393: 3359: 3355: 3347: 3340: 3332: 3328: 3324:, pp. 7–9. 3320: 3316: 3308: 3304: 3296: 3292: 3284: 3280: 3272: 3265: 3257: 3253: 3246: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3219: 3187: 3127:Herbert Brookes 3116: 2998: 2978:Tether a Dragon 2942: 2936: 2933: 2926:needs expansion 2911: 2820: 2777: 2725: 2697: 2657: 2627: 2604: 2598: 2552:, establishing 2539: 2515: 2487: 2439: 2437:Domestic policy 2426: 2382: 2349:National Review 2332:Reid government 2268: 2247: 2190: 2178:Thomas Playford 2146: 2040: 1968: 1952:maritime strike 1839: 1822: 1721: 1697:South Australia 1667: 1662: 1506: 1504: 1492: 1485: 1484: 1447: 1439: 1438: 1424: 1416: 1415: 1369: 1366: 1358: 1357: 1343:Country Liberal 1333: 1330: 1322: 1321: 1272: 1252: 1233: 1199: 1176: 1172:Second Ministry 1167:Second Ministry 1153: 1127: 1111: 1095: 1089: 1063: 1037: 1035: 1034: 1033: 1029: 1027: 1026: 980: 958: 941:Wilfred Brookes 914: 911: 1882) 906: 902: 889: 865:Political party 846: 842: 826: 820: 818: 792: 780: 774: 769: 757: 745: 739: 734: 712: 700: 694: 689: 675:Charles McGrath 669: 657: 651: 646: 637: 632: 618: 596: 584: 574: 568: 563: 544: 534: 524: 518: 513: 501: 491: 481: 475: 470: 454: 438:Party dissolved 432: 422: 406: 401: 383: 371: 357: 352: 332: 316: 306: 296: 290: 285: 273: 263: 253: 247: 242: 223: 211: 206: 178: 173: 163: 151: 146: 118: 113: 103: 91: 65: 60: 43: 31: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6843: 6833: 6832: 6827: 6822: 6817: 6812: 6807: 6802: 6797: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6777: 6772: 6767: 6762: 6757: 6752: 6747: 6742: 6737: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6717: 6712: 6707: 6702: 6697: 6692: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6662: 6657: 6652: 6647: 6642: 6637: 6632: 6615: 6614: 6607: 6605: 6603: 6602: 6600:Sir John Quick 6597: 6592: 6587: 6582: 6577: 6572: 6567: 6562: 6556: 6553: 6552: 6544: 6541: 6540: 6532: 6531: 6524: 6517: 6509: 6500: 6499: 6492: 6490: 6488: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6472: 6467: 6462: 6457: 6452: 6447: 6442: 6440:Austin Chapman 6437: 6431: 6428: 6427: 6419: 6416: 6415: 6407: 6406: 6399: 6392: 6384: 6375: 6374: 6364: 6362: 6360: 6359: 6354: 6349: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6327:Austin Chapman 6323: 6320: 6319: 6311: 6308: 6307: 6299: 6298: 6291: 6284: 6276: 6267: 6266: 6256: 6254: 6252: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6205: 6202: 6201: 6193: 6190: 6189: 6185:Barton Cabinet 6181: 6180: 6173: 6166: 6158: 6149: 6148: 6138: 6135: 6134: 6132: 6131: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6046: 6041: 6036: 6031: 6026: 6021: 6016: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5991: 5986: 5981: 5976: 5971: 5966: 5961: 5956: 5951: 5945: 5942: 5941: 5929: 5928: 5921: 5914: 5906: 5898: 5897: 5892: 5889: 5880: 5874: 5873: 5868: 5859: 5854: 5850: 5849: 5845: 5844: 5839: 5836: 5827: 5822: 5818: 5817: 5808: 5803: 5799: 5798: 5793: 5790: 5781: 5776: 5772: 5771: 5766: 5763: 5753: 5752: 5747: 5744: 5735: 5730: 5726: 5725: 5720: 5717: 5707: 5706: 5701: 5698: 5689: 5684: 5680: 5679: 5674: 5671: 5662: 5656: 5655: 5651: 5650: 5645: 5642: 5633: 5627: 5626: 5620: 5619: 5614: 5611: 5602: 5596: 5595: 5590: 5581: 5576: 5572: 5571: 5566: 5563: 5554: 5549: 5545: 5544: 5536: 5535: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5510: 5502: 5501:External links 5499: 5498: 5497: 5488: 5466: 5458:La Nauze, John 5454: 5446:La Nauze, John 5442: 5425: 5418: 5412: 5396: 5380: 5377: 5376: 5375: 5364: 5361: 5358: 5354: 5344: 5341: 5338: 5335: 5332: 5327: 5324: 5321: 5320: 5311: 5291:In order, the 5284: 5255: 5247:Brecknockshire 5223:excise officer 5205: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5196: 5168: 5146: 5137: 5128: 5119: 5105: 5092: 5079: 5062: 5049: 5036: 5023: 5010: 4984: 4961: 4933: 4915: 4897: 4881: 4847: 4835: 4823: 4821:, p. 422. 4811: 4809:, p. 421. 4799: 4773: 4761: 4749: 4747:, p. 417. 4734: 4732:, p. 416. 4719: 4717:, p. 413. 4702: 4700:, p. 412. 4690: 4688:, p. 410. 4678: 4676:, p. 409. 4666: 4654: 4652:, p. 399. 4642: 4630: 4628:, p. 393. 4618: 4601:"A Parliament" 4592: 4590:, p. 391. 4580: 4578:, p. 395. 4565: 4553: 4551:, p. 392. 4538: 4536:, p. 388. 4526: 4513: 4472: 4470:, p. 323. 4460: 4458:, p. 322. 4448: 4446:, p. 321. 4436: 4424: 4422:, p. 320. 4412: 4410:, p. 319. 4400: 4398:, p. 311. 4388: 4386:, p. 315. 4376: 4374:, p. 313. 4364: 4362:, p. 316. 4352: 4350:, p. 314. 4337: 4335:, p. 317. 4325: 4323:, p. 318. 4313: 4311:, p. 307. 4301: 4289: 4287:, p. 304. 4277: 4275:, p. 302. 4265: 4253: 4251:, p. 298. 4241: 4239:, p. 299. 4226: 4224:, p. 297. 4214: 4212:, p. 295. 4202: 4200:, p. 294. 4190: 4188:, p. 293. 4178: 4166: 4144: 4142:, p. 292. 4127: 4125:, p. 291. 4115: 4089: 4076: 4057:(4): 693–710. 4041: 4039:, p. 290. 4026: 4024:, p. 286. 4014: 4012:, p. 285. 4002: 4000:, p. 284. 3990: 3978: 3966: 3964:, p. 281. 3954: 3942: 3930: 3928:, p. 272. 3915: 3913:, p. 271. 3903: 3871: 3858: 3845: 3825: 3805: 3764: 3727: 3716:on 6 July 2011 3691: 3658: 3635: 3572: 3524: 3520:La Nauze 1965a 3512: 3508:La Nauze 1965a 3500: 3496:La Nauze 1965a 3488: 3484:La Nauze 1965a 3476: 3472:La Nauze 1965a 3464: 3460:La Nauze 1965a 3452: 3423:(1): 101–110. 3403: 3399:La Nauze 1965a 3391: 3353: 3349:La Nauze 1965a 3338: 3334:La Nauze 1965a 3326: 3322:La Nauze 1965a 3314: 3310:La Nauze 1965a 3302: 3298:La Nauze 1965a 3290: 3286:La Nauze 1965a 3278: 3274:La Nauze 1965a 3263: 3259:La Nauze 1965a 3251: 3244: 3225: 3223: 3220: 3218: 3215: 3214: 3213: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3193: 3186: 3183: 3182: 3181: 3171: 3170: 3169: 3156: 3155: 3154: 3145: 3136: 3115: 3112: 3104:Australia Post 3041:Doctor of Laws 2997: 2994: 2944: 2943: 2923: 2921: 2910: 2907: 2862:Samuel Johnson 2840:Charles Strong 2819: 2816: 2781:Quentin Massys 2776: 2773: 2765:lying in state 2723: 2696: 2693: 2656: 2653: 2626: 2623: 2597: 2594: 2538: 2535: 2514: 2511: 2486: 2483: 2438: 2435: 2425: 2422: 2418:Lord Northcote 2401:Austin Chapman 2381: 2378: 2374:Point Lonsdale 2362:Salvation Army 2360:. He met with 2282:, and allowed 2267: 2264: 2246: 2243: 2189: 2186: 2174:Austin Chapman 2145: 2142: 2133:second reading 2131:. He made the 2039: 2036: 2028:British Empire 1967: 1964: 1927:and from 1890 1913:Percival Serle 1838: 1835: 1799:Quentin Massys 1720: 1717: 1713:Cobb & Co. 1666: 1663: 1661: 1658: 1654:British Empire 1615:anti-socialism 1517: 1516: 1515: 1514: 1502: 1487: 1486: 1483: 1482: 1477: 1472: 1471: 1470: 1465: 1454: 1448: 1446:Related topics 1445: 1444: 1441: 1440: 1437: 1436: 1431: 1425: 1422: 1421: 1418: 1417: 1414: 1413: 1407: 1401: 1395: 1389: 1383: 1377: 1370: 1364: 1363: 1360: 1359: 1356: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1334: 1328: 1327: 1324: 1323: 1320: 1319: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1273: 1270: 1269: 1266: 1265: 1257: 1256: 1248: 1247: 1235: 1234: 1232: 1231: 1224: 1217: 1209: 1206: 1205: 1198: 1197: 1192: 1187: 1175: 1174: 1169: 1164: 1162:First Ministry 1152: 1151: 1146: 1141: 1126: 1125: 1110: 1109: 1088: 1087: 1082: 1076: 1075: 1062: 1061: 1056: 1048: 1047: 1044: 1043: 1030:a series about 1024: 1008: 1007: 1004: 1003: 996: 992: 991: 986: 982: 981: 979: 978: 972: 966: 964: 960: 959: 957: 956: 950: 947:Alfred Brookes 944: 937: 935: 931: 930: 920: 916: 915: 904: 898: 897: 895: 891: 890: 888: 887: 881: 875: 868: 866: 862: 861: 856: 852: 851: 845:(aged 63) 841:7 October 1919 839: 835: 834: 816: 812: 811: 807: 806: 803: 802: 799: 798: 795: 789: 788: 783: 777: 776: 766: 765: 763:Seat abolished 760: 754: 753: 748: 742: 741: 731: 730: 725: 721: 720: 715: 709: 708: 703: 697: 696: 686: 685: 681:Member of the 678: 677: 672: 666: 665: 660: 654: 653: 643: 642: 631:Member of the 628: 627: 624: 623: 620: 619: 617:Constituencies 616: 609: 608: 605: 604: 599: 593: 592: 587: 581: 580: 577: 575:Prime Minister 571: 570: 560: 559: 553: 552: 547: 541: 540: 537: 531: 530: 527: 525:Prime Minister 521: 520: 510: 509: 504: 498: 497: 494: 488: 487: 484: 482:Prime Minister 478: 477: 467: 466: 460: 459: 456: 455: 452: 445: 444: 441: 440: 435: 429: 428: 425: 419: 418: 413: 409: 408: 398: 397: 393:Leader of the 390: 389: 386: 380: 379: 374: 368: 367: 364: 360: 359: 349: 348: 342: 341: 338: 337: 334: 333: 330: 323: 322: 319: 313: 312: 309: 303: 302: 299: 297:Prime Minister 293: 292: 282: 281: 276: 270: 269: 266: 260: 259: 256: 254:Prime Minister 250: 249: 239: 238: 232: 231: 226: 220: 219: 214: 208: 207: 205: 204: 203:Lord Northcote 201: 195: 193: 189: 188: 185: 181: 180: 170: 169: 166: 160: 159: 154: 148: 147: 145: 144: 141: 139:Lord Northcote 135: 133: 129: 128: 125: 121: 120: 110: 109: 106: 100: 99: 94: 88: 87: 82: 78: 77: 72: 68: 67: 57: 56: 49: 48: 45: 44: 42:Deakin in 1905 41: 33: 32: 29: 26:The Honourable 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6842: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6773: 6771: 6768: 6766: 6763: 6761: 6758: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6658: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6631: 6628: 6627: 6625: 6611: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6595:Edward Millen 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6580:George Fuller 6578: 6576: 6575:Justin Foxton 6573: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6557: 6554: 6550: 6549:Alfred Deakin 6547: 6542: 6537: 6530: 6525: 6523: 6518: 6516: 6511: 6510: 6507: 6496: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6480:Samuel Mauger 6478: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6466: 6463: 6461: 6458: 6456: 6453: 6451: 6448: 6446: 6443: 6441: 6438: 6436: 6433: 6432: 6429: 6425: 6424:Alfred Deakin 6422: 6417: 6412: 6405: 6400: 6398: 6393: 6391: 6386: 6385: 6382: 6370:Alfred Deakin 6368: 6358: 6357:George Turner 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6324: 6321: 6317: 6316:Alfred Deakin 6314: 6309: 6304: 6297: 6292: 6290: 6285: 6283: 6278: 6277: 6274: 6262:Edmund Barton 6260: 6250: 6249:George Turner 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6214:James Dickson 6212: 6210: 6209:Alfred Deakin 6207: 6206: 6203: 6199: 6198:Edmund Barton 6196: 6191: 6186: 6179: 6174: 6172: 6167: 6165: 6160: 6159: 6156: 6146: 6136: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6032: 6030: 6027: 6025: 6022: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5995: 5992: 5990: 5987: 5985: 5982: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5972: 5970: 5967: 5965: 5962: 5960: 5957: 5955: 5952: 5950: 5947: 5946: 5943: 5938: 5934: 5927: 5922: 5920: 5915: 5913: 5908: 5907: 5904: 5895: 5886: 5885: 5879: 5875: 5872: 5869: 5865: 5864: 5857: 5856:Edmund Barton 5851: 5846: 5842: 5833: 5832: 5825: 5824:Andrew Fisher 5819: 5814: 5813: 5806: 5805:Andrew Fisher 5800: 5796: 5795:Andrew Fisher 5787: 5786: 5779: 5773: 5769: 5768:Lee Batchelor 5760: 5759: 5754: 5750: 5749:Andrew Fisher 5741: 5740: 5733: 5727: 5723: 5714: 5713: 5708: 5704: 5695: 5694: 5687: 5686:Edmund Barton 5681: 5677: 5668: 5667: 5661: 5657: 5652: 5648: 5639: 5638: 5632: 5628: 5625: 5621: 5617: 5608: 5607: 5601: 5597: 5594: 5591: 5587: 5586: 5579: 5578:Robert Harper 5573: 5569: 5568:Robert Harper 5560: 5559: 5552: 5546: 5543: 5539: 5534: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5514: 5511: 5508: 5507:Alfred Deakin 5505: 5504: 5494: 5489: 5485: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5467: 5463: 5459: 5455: 5451: 5447: 5443: 5441: 5440:0-19-550471-2 5437: 5433: 5429: 5426: 5423: 5419: 5415: 5413:9781925498660 5409: 5405: 5401: 5400:Brett, Judith 5397: 5395: 5394:0-582-87549-8 5391: 5387: 5383: 5382: 5374: 5373:0-522-84056-6 5370: 5365: 5362: 5359: 5355: 5353: 5352:1 86395 385 X 5349: 5345: 5342: 5339: 5336: 5333: 5330: 5329: 5315: 5308: 5304: 5303: 5298: 5294: 5288: 5281: 5280: 5279:Bhagavad Gita 5275: 5274: 5269: 5265: 5262:According to 5259: 5252: 5248: 5244: 5240: 5236: 5232: 5228: 5224: 5220: 5216: 5215:Staffordshire 5210: 5206: 5185: 5184: 5179: 5172: 5156: 5150: 5141: 5132: 5123: 5115: 5109: 5102: 5096: 5089: 5083: 5076: 5072: 5066: 5059: 5056:JA La Nauze. 5053: 5046: 5040: 5033: 5027: 5020: 5014: 4998: 4997:Alfred Deakin 4994: 4988: 4980: 4976: 4972: 4968: 4964: 4958: 4954: 4950: 4949: 4944: 4937: 4929: 4925: 4919: 4911: 4907: 4901: 4893: 4892: 4885: 4869: 4865: 4861: 4857: 4851: 4844: 4839: 4832: 4827: 4820: 4815: 4808: 4803: 4795: 4791: 4784: 4777: 4770: 4765: 4758: 4753: 4746: 4741: 4739: 4731: 4726: 4724: 4716: 4711: 4709: 4707: 4699: 4694: 4687: 4682: 4675: 4670: 4663: 4658: 4651: 4646: 4639: 4634: 4627: 4622: 4606: 4602: 4596: 4589: 4584: 4577: 4572: 4570: 4562: 4557: 4550: 4545: 4543: 4535: 4530: 4523: 4517: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4483: 4481: 4479: 4477: 4469: 4464: 4457: 4452: 4445: 4440: 4433: 4428: 4421: 4416: 4409: 4404: 4397: 4392: 4385: 4380: 4373: 4368: 4361: 4356: 4349: 4344: 4342: 4334: 4329: 4322: 4317: 4310: 4305: 4298: 4293: 4286: 4281: 4274: 4269: 4262: 4257: 4250: 4245: 4238: 4233: 4231: 4223: 4218: 4211: 4206: 4199: 4194: 4187: 4182: 4175: 4170: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4148: 4141: 4136: 4134: 4132: 4124: 4119: 4103: 4099: 4093: 4086: 4080: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4060: 4056: 4052: 4045: 4038: 4033: 4031: 4023: 4018: 4011: 4006: 3999: 3994: 3987: 3982: 3975: 3970: 3963: 3958: 3951: 3946: 3939: 3934: 3927: 3922: 3920: 3912: 3907: 3892: 3888: 3881: 3875: 3868: 3862: 3855: 3849: 3841: 3840: 3835: 3829: 3821: 3820: 3815: 3809: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3781: 3775: 3773: 3771: 3769: 3752: 3748: 3744: 3740: 3734: 3732: 3712: 3708: 3701: 3695: 3679: 3675: 3668: 3662: 3654: 3650: 3646: 3642: 3638: 3632: 3628: 3624: 3623: 3618: 3611: 3609: 3607: 3605: 3603: 3601: 3599: 3597: 3595: 3593: 3591: 3589: 3587: 3585: 3583: 3581: 3579: 3577: 3561: 3557: 3556: 3551: 3547: 3541: 3539: 3537: 3535: 3533: 3531: 3529: 3521: 3516: 3509: 3504: 3498:, p. 22. 3497: 3492: 3486:, p. 24. 3485: 3480: 3474:, p. 23. 3473: 3468: 3462:, p. 19. 3461: 3456: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3431: 3426: 3422: 3418: 3414: 3407: 3400: 3395: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3362:Brett, Judith 3357: 3351:, p. 16. 3350: 3345: 3343: 3335: 3330: 3323: 3318: 3311: 3306: 3299: 3294: 3287: 3282: 3275: 3270: 3268: 3260: 3255: 3247: 3241: 3237: 3230: 3226: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3197: 3194: 3192: 3189: 3188: 3179: 3175: 3172: 3167: 3164: 3163: 3161: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3146: 3144: 3140: 3137: 3134: 3131: 3130: 3128: 3124: 3121: 3120: 3119: 3114:Personal life 3111: 3109: 3108:postage stamp 3105: 3101: 3097: 3093: 3088: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3074: 3070: 3067:, Canberra's 3066: 3061: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3030: 3029:Gough Whitlam 3026: 3022: 3018: 3017:Privy Council 3014: 3006: 3002: 2993: 2991: 2986: 2984: 2983:Kylie Tennant 2980: 2979: 2973: 2971: 2967: 2959: 2955: 2950: 2940: 2937:November 2018 2931: 2927: 2924:This section 2922: 2919: 2915: 2914: 2906: 2902: 2900: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2882:Manning Clark 2878: 2875: 2871: 2868:(though more 2867: 2866:contemplative 2863: 2858: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2843: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2824: 2815: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2788:Theodore Fink 2784: 2782: 2772: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2761:state funeral 2758: 2749: 2745: 2743: 2733: 2729: 2727: 2719: 2718:neurosyphilis 2715: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2692: 2690: 2686: 2681: 2677: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2652: 2650: 2644: 2641: 2631: 2622: 2619: 2614: 2610: 2603: 2593: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2573: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2551: 2546: 2544: 2534: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2510: 2508: 2504: 2503:Andrew Fisher 2500: 2496: 2492: 2482: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2471:Hubert Murray 2468: 2463: 2460: 2459:H. B. Higgins 2456: 2451: 2449: 2445: 2430: 2421: 2419: 2415: 2410: 2404: 2402: 2398: 2391: 2386: 2377: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2366:William Booth 2363: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2350: 2343: 2341: 2337: 2336:George Turner 2333: 2328: 2324: 2318: 2316: 2312: 2311: 2306: 2301: 2299: 2295: 2290: 2285: 2284:H. B. Higgins 2281: 2272: 2266:Out of office 2263: 2259: 2257: 2253: 2252:Andrew Fisher 2242: 2240: 2233: 2229: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2214: 2212: 2208: 2203: 2198: 2195: 2185: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2158:Judiciary Act 2150: 2141: 2138: 2134: 2130: 2126: 2125: 2119: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2104:Lord Hopetoun 2101: 2098:. Deakin was 2097: 2093: 2088: 2084: 2081: 2077: 2076:Edmund Barton 2073: 2070:, and became 2069: 2065: 2056: 2049: 2048:Edmund Barton 2044: 2035: 2033: 2029: 2024: 2022: 2021: 2016: 2015:Privy Council 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1999:Edmund Barton 1995: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1972: 1963: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1948: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1921: 1919: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1893: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1878: 1876: 1871: 1869: 1865: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1843: 1834: 1832: 1828: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1812: 1807: 1802: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1783:John La Nauze 1779: 1778:Victorian Bar 1775: 1771: 1768:exam for the 1767: 1766:matriculation 1762: 1760: 1755: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1725: 1716: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1689:Panic of 1847 1686: 1682: 1678: 1677: 1672: 1657: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1646:protectionism 1643: 1639: 1635: 1630: 1628: 1627:1910 election 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1607: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1584:Edmund Barton 1581: 1576: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1545: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1534:Liberal Party 1531: 1527: 1523: 1522:Alfred Deakin 1513: 1503: 1501: 1496: 1491: 1490: 1489: 1488: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1475:Neoliberalism 1473: 1469: 1466: 1464: 1461: 1460: 1458: 1455: 1453: 1450: 1449: 1443: 1442: 1435: 1432: 1430: 1427: 1426: 1420: 1419: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1399: 1396: 1393: 1390: 1387: 1384: 1381: 1378: 1375: 1372: 1371: 1362: 1361: 1354: 1351: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1339: 1336: 1335: 1326: 1325: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1274: 1268: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1258: 1255: 1250: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1240: 1230: 1225: 1223: 1218: 1216: 1211: 1210: 1208: 1207: 1203: 1196: 1193: 1191: 1188: 1186: 1183: 1182: 1181: 1180: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1159: 1158: 1157: 1150: 1147: 1145: 1142: 1140: 1137: 1136: 1135: 1134: 1132: 1124: 1121: 1120: 1119: 1118: 1116: 1108: 1105: 1104: 1103: 1102: 1100: 1094: 1093: 1086: 1083: 1081: 1080:1901 election 1078: 1077: 1073: 1071: 1065: 1064: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1040: 1038:Alfred Deakin 1025: 1022: 1018: 1017: 1014: 1013: 1005: 1001: 997: 993: 990: 987: 983: 976: 973: 971: 968: 967: 965: 961: 954: 951: 948: 945: 942: 939: 938: 936: 932: 929: 925: 922:3, including 921: 917: 901: 900:Pattie Browne 896: 892: 885: 882: 879: 878:Protectionist 876: 873: 870: 869: 867: 863: 860: 857: 855:Resting place 853: 849: 840: 836: 833: 829: 825:3 August 1856 817: 813: 808: 804: 797:Robert Harper 796: 790: 787: 784: 778: 772: 767: 764: 761: 755: 752: 751:Robert Harper 749: 743: 737: 732: 729: 726: 722: 719: 716: 710: 707: 704: 698: 692: 687: 684: 679: 676: 673: 667: 664: 661: 655: 649: 644: 641: 635: 629: 625: 621: 614: 610: 603: 600: 594: 591: 588: 582: 579:Edmund Barton 578: 572: 566: 561: 558: 554: 551: 548: 542: 539:Edmund Barton 538: 532: 528: 522: 516: 511: 508: 507:Lee Batchelor 505: 499: 495: 489: 485: 479: 473: 468: 465: 461: 457: 453:Cabinet posts 450: 446: 439: 436: 430: 427:Edmund Barton 426: 420: 417: 414: 410: 404: 399: 396: 391: 387: 381: 378: 375: 369: 365: 361: 355: 350: 347: 343: 339: 335: 328: 324: 321:Andrew Fisher 320: 314: 310: 304: 301:Andrew Fisher 300: 294: 288: 283: 280: 277: 271: 268:Andrew Fisher 267: 261: 258:Andrew Fisher 257: 251: 245: 240: 237: 233: 230: 227: 221: 218: 217:Edmund Barton 215: 209: 202: 200: 199:Lord Tennyson 197: 196: 194: 190: 186: 182: 176: 171: 168:Andrew Fisher 167: 161: 158: 155: 149: 142: 140: 137: 136: 134: 130: 126: 122: 116: 111: 108:Andrew Fisher 107: 101: 98: 97:Andrew Fisher 95: 89: 86: 83: 79: 76: 73: 69: 63: 58: 55: 50: 46: 39: 34: 30:Alfred Deakin 27: 22: 19: 6570:John Forrest 6548: 6545: 6475:William Lyne 6470:John Keating 6465:Isaac Isaacs 6450:John Forrest 6445:Thomas Ewing 6423: 6420: 6347:William Lyne 6337:John Forrest 6315: 6312: 6239:William Lyne 6224:John Forrest 6208: 6194: 5978: 5968: 5953: 5882: 5877: 5870: 5861: 5829: 5810: 5783: 5756: 5737: 5722:Billy Hughes 5710: 5703:Chris Watson 5691: 5664: 5659: 5635: 5631:New division 5630: 5616:Edward Warde 5604: 5600:New district 5599: 5592: 5583: 5556: 5533:LibraryThing 5492: 5479: 5461: 5449: 5431: 5421: 5403: 5385: 5326:Bibliography 5314: 5306: 5300: 5296: 5292: 5287: 5277: 5271: 5270:of both the 5264:Brett (2017) 5258: 5209: 5187:. Retrieved 5181: 5171: 5159:. Retrieved 5149: 5140: 5131: 5122: 5108: 5100: 5095: 5087: 5082: 5074: 5070: 5065: 5057: 5052: 5044: 5039: 5031: 5026: 5018: 5013: 5001:. Retrieved 4996: 4987: 4946: 4936: 4927: 4918: 4909: 4900: 4890: 4884: 4872:. Retrieved 4868:the original 4859: 4850: 4838: 4826: 4814: 4802: 4793: 4789: 4776: 4764: 4752: 4693: 4681: 4669: 4657: 4645: 4633: 4621: 4609:. Retrieved 4604: 4595: 4583: 4556: 4529: 4521: 4516: 4504:. Retrieved 4500:the original 4491: 4463: 4451: 4439: 4427: 4415: 4403: 4391: 4379: 4367: 4355: 4328: 4316: 4304: 4292: 4280: 4268: 4256: 4244: 4217: 4205: 4193: 4181: 4169: 4156: 4147: 4118: 4106:. Retrieved 4101: 4092: 4084: 4079: 4054: 4050: 4044: 4017: 4005: 3993: 3981: 3969: 3957: 3945: 3933: 3906: 3894:. Retrieved 3886: 3874: 3866: 3861: 3853: 3848: 3837: 3828: 3817: 3808: 3796:. Retrieved 3792:the original 3783: 3755:. Retrieved 3751:the original 3742: 3718:. Retrieved 3711:the original 3706: 3694: 3682:. Retrieved 3677: 3673: 3661: 3620: 3563:. Retrieved 3553: 3515: 3503: 3491: 3479: 3467: 3455: 3420: 3416: 3406: 3394: 3372:(1): 69–70. 3369: 3365: 3356: 3336:, p. 8. 3329: 3317: 3312:, p. 6. 3305: 3300:, p. 3. 3293: 3288:, p. 5. 3281: 3276:, p. 4. 3261:, p. 7. 3254: 3235: 3229: 3117: 3089: 3062: 3025:Chris Watson 3010: 2987: 2976: 2974: 2966:William Lyne 2962: 2934: 2930:adding to it 2925: 2903: 2897:large where 2885: 2879: 2859: 2844: 2829: 2818:Spirituality 2811: 2807: 2803: 2800:Morning Post 2799: 2785: 2780: 2778: 2754: 2738: 2702:hypertension 2698: 2685:Billy Hughes 2673: 2645: 2636: 2605: 2596:Final defeat 2574: 2547: 2540: 2531:William Lyne 2523:conservative 2516: 2491:Billy Hughes 2488: 2478: 2464: 2455:Isaac Isaacs 2452: 2440: 2408: 2405: 2394: 2354:Morning Post 2353: 2347: 2344: 2323:Billy Hughes 2319: 2308: 2302: 2298:John Forrest 2277: 2260: 2248: 2239:Brett (2017) 2235: 2231: 2215: 2211:Chris Watson 2199: 2191: 2157: 2155: 2122: 2120: 2111: 2089: 2085: 2061: 2025: 2018: 1996: 1980:Henry Parkes 1977: 1949: 1941:New Hebrides 1937:British Navy 1925:Water Supply 1922: 1908: 1897:Water Supply 1894: 1879: 1872: 1864:Graham Berry 1848: 1831:spiritualist 1819: 1815: 1809: 1803: 1798: 1763: 1749:Judith Brett 1741:brick-nogged 1733:Emerald Hill 1730: 1674: 1668: 1631: 1608: 1600:Free Traders 1577: 1546: 1521: 1520: 1463:Centre Right 1281: 1178: 1177: 1155: 1154: 1129: 1128: 1113: 1112: 1097: 1096: 1091: 1090: 1067: 1036: 886:(after 1909) 874:(until 1901) 843:(1919-10-07) 793:Succeeded by 770: 762: 758:Succeeded by 735: 724:Constituency 718:Edward Warde 713:Succeeded by 706:Seat created 705: 690: 670:Succeeded by 663:Seat created 662: 647: 597:Succeeded by 589: 564: 550:Billy Hughes 545:Succeeded by 514: 502:Succeeded by 471: 437: 433:Succeeded by 402: 384:Succeeded by 376: 353: 317:Succeeded by 286: 274:Succeeded by 243: 229:Chris Watson 224:Succeeded by 174: 164:Succeeded by 114: 104:Succeeded by 61: 18: 6635:1919 deaths 6630:1856 births 6585:Paddy Glynn 6565:Joseph Cook 6560:Robert Best 6435:Robert Best 6342:Philip Fysh 6332:James Drake 6229:Philip Fysh 6219:James Drake 5894:Joseph Cook 5841:Joseph Cook 5778:Joseph Cook 5732:George Reid 5676:James Drake 5099:CMH Clark. 3707:Prime Facts 3081:John Curtin 2792:Arthur Topp 2655:Final years 2527:George Reid 2116:money bills 1892:(b. 1891). 1851:West Bourke 1791:blank verse 1737:South Yarra 1681:Abergavenny 1650:paternalism 1423:Think tanks 1287:Higinbotham 1133:, 1909–1910 1117:, 1905–1908 1101:, 1903–1904 1072:(1901–1913) 1068:Member for 977:(no degree) 880:(1901–1909) 872:Independent 848:South Yarra 781:Preceded by 746:Preceded by 701:Preceded by 658:Preceded by 602:James Drake 585:Preceded by 535:Preceded by 496:George Reid 492:Preceded by 423:Preceded by 388:Joseph Cook 372:Preceded by 366:Joseph Cook 311:Joseph Cook 307:Preceded by 279:Joseph Cook 264:Preceded by 212:Preceded by 157:George Reid 152:Preceded by 143:Lord Dudley 92:Preceded by 85:Lord Dudley 6624:Categories 5888:1909–1913 5867:1903–1909 5835:1910–1913 5816:1909–1910 5762:1905–1908 5743:1905–1908 5716:1903–1904 5697:1903–1904 5670:1901–1903 5641:1901–1913 5610:1889–1901 5589:1880–1889 5551:John Smith 5484:Wikisource 5305:, and the 5251:Shropshire 5183:Herald Sun 5161:8 February 4843:Brett 2017 4831:Brett 2017 4819:Brett 2017 4807:Brett 2017 4769:Brett 2017 4757:Brett 2017 4745:Brett 2017 4730:Brett 2017 4715:Brett 2017 4698:Brett 2017 4686:Brett 2017 4674:Brett 2017 4662:Brett 2017 4650:Brett 2017 4638:Brett 2017 4626:Brett 2017 4588:Brett 2017 4576:Brett 2017 4561:Brett 2017 4549:Brett 2017 4534:Brett 2017 4506:8 February 4468:Brett 2017 4456:Brett 2017 4444:Brett 2017 4432:Brett 2017 4420:Brett 2017 4408:Brett 2017 4396:Brett 2017 4384:Brett 2017 4372:Brett 2017 4360:Brett 2017 4348:Brett 2017 4333:Brett 2017 4321:Brett 2017 4309:Brett 2017 4297:Brett 2017 4285:Brett 2017 4273:Brett 2017 4261:Brett 2017 4249:Brett 2017 4237:Brett 2017 4222:Brett 2017 4210:Brett 2017 4198:Brett 2017 4186:Brett 2017 4174:Brett 2017 4140:Brett 2017 4123:Brett 2017 4037:Brett 2017 4022:Brett 2017 4010:Brett 2017 3998:Brett 2017 3986:Brett 2017 3974:Brett 2017 3962:Brett 2017 3950:Brett 2017 3938:Brett 2017 3926:Brett 2017 3911:Brett 2017 3896:11 January 3798:8 February 3757:8 February 3720:8 February 3684:8 February 3565:8 February 3217:References 3050:Gray's Inn 2880:Historian 2870:ecumenical 2847:providence 2775:Journalism 2726:deficiency 2689:Hugh Mahon 2590:until 1927 2340:crossbench 2327:Atlee Hunt 2315:David Syme 2289:ALP caucus 1960:David Syme 1816:The Leader 1806:David Syme 1660:Early life 1611:the Fusion 1538:Federation 1386:Free Trade 1156:Ministries 1054:Early life 985:Profession 955:(grandson) 949:(grandson) 943:(grandson) 821:1856-08-03 786:John Smith 187:Edward VII 127:Edward VII 75:Edward VII 6538:(1909–10) 6413:(1905–08) 6305:(1903–04) 6187:(1901–03) 5660:New title 5460:(1965b). 5448:(1965a). 5231:Towcester 5069:Al Gaby. 5030:Al Gaby. 5017:Al Gaby. 4971:1833-7538 4874:2 January 4071:150182295 3645:1833-7538 3447:215770426 3439:2543-9391 3386:144311101 3222:Citations 2814:in 1968. 2722:Vitamin B 2525:opponent 1774:barrister 1701:Catherine 1549:Melbourne 1468:Moderates 1367:(defunct) 1338:Democrats 1179:Elections 995:Signature 989:Barrister 963:Education 934:Relatives 771:In office 736:In office 691:In office 648:In office 640:Ballaarat 565:In office 515:In office 472:In office 403:In office 354:In office 287:In office 244:In office 175:In office 115:In office 62:In office 6145:Category 6129:Albanese 6124:Morrison 6119:Turnbull 5472:(1892). 5430:(1976), 5402:(2017). 5276:and the 5268:exegesis 5189:11 April 5003:21 March 4979:70677943 4108:15 March 3674:NLA News 3653:70677943 3185:See also 3096:Canberra 2884:, whose 2874:humility 2618:Waterloo 2586:rejected 2582:accepted 2462:prices. 2364:founder 2358:preacher 2202:Ballarat 2020:inter se 1693:Adelaide 1648:, state 1602:and the 1365:Parties 1331:(active) 1329:Parties 1307:Turnbull 1244:a series 1070:Ballarat 919:Children 52:2nd 6104:Gillard 6089:Keating 6074:Whitlam 6069:McMahon 6049:Menzies 6044:Chifley 6024:Menzies 6009:Scullin 5219:currier 5155:"Stamp" 4611:6 April 3046:freeman 2996:Honours 2956:in the 2894:mystics 2851:destiny 2838:led by 2409:The Age 2310:The Age 2013:to the 1853:in the 1820:The Age 1811:The Age 1745:Kyneton 1709:carrier 1588:in 1903 1565:radical 1561:liberal 1380:Liberal 1348:Liberal 1292:Menzies 913: 905: 884:Liberal 828:Fitzroy 529:Himself 486:Himself 184:Monarch 124:Monarch 71:Monarch 6114:Abbott 6094:Howard 6079:Fraser 6064:Gorton 6059:McEwen 6034:Curtin 6029:Fadden 5999:Hughes 5994:Fisher 5984:Fisher 5979:Deakin 5974:Fisher 5969:Deakin 5959:Watson 5954:Deakin 5949:Barton 5438: 5410: 5392: 5371: 5350: 5299:, the 5295:, the 5249:, and 4977: 4969: 4959: 4069: 3651: 3643: 3633: 3445: 3437: 3384: 3242: 3092:Deakin 2909:Legacy 2899:Mammon 2720:, and 2670:, 1914 2519:Fusion 2513:Fusion 2224:and a 1992:Senate 1412:(1887) 1406:(1973) 1400:(1923) 1394:(1976) 1388:(1887) 1382:(1909) 1376:(1904) 1282:Deakin 1271:People 894:Spouse 412:Deputy 363:Deputy 6084:Hawke 6039:Forde 6014:Lyons 6004:Bruce 5789:1909 5562:1879 5273:Koran 5201:Notes 4786:(PDF) 4067:S2CID 3883:(PDF) 3714:(PDF) 3703:(PDF) 3670:(PDF) 3443:S2CID 3435:eISSN 3382:S2CID 1823:' 1297:Smith 1277:Chipp 907:( 903: 6109:Rudd 6099:Rudd 6054:Holt 6019:Page 5989:Cook 5964:Reid 5937:list 5436:ISBN 5408:ISBN 5390:ISBN 5369:ISBN 5348:ISBN 5191:2019 5163:2010 5005:2013 4975:OCLC 4967:ISSN 4957:ISBN 4876:2014 4613:2020 4508:2010 4110:2020 3898:2018 3800:2010 3759:2019 3722:2010 3686:2010 3649:OCLC 3641:ISSN 3631:ISBN 3567:2010 3240:ISBN 3174:Vera 3087:). 2988:The 2849:and 2742:Vera 2457:and 2176:and 2094:and 2064:1901 2001:and 1903:and 1890:Vera 1793:and 1592:1906 1590:and 1563:and 1317:Wise 1312:West 1302:Syme 1195:1910 1190:1906 1185:1903 928:Vera 926:and 838:Died 815:Born 638:for 5531:on 4059:doi 3678:XIV 3425:doi 3374:doi 3123:Ivy 3094:in 2981:by 2932:. 2497:'s 2062:In 1886:Ivy 1676:née 924:Ivy 6626:: 5478:. 5357:). 5282:." 5233:, 5180:. 4995:. 4973:. 4965:. 4955:. 4945:. 4926:. 4908:. 4862:. 4858:. 4794:24 4792:. 4788:. 4737:^ 4722:^ 4705:^ 4603:. 4568:^ 4541:^ 4494:. 4490:. 4475:^ 4340:^ 4229:^ 4159:. 4155:. 4130:^ 4100:. 4065:. 4055:15 4053:. 4029:^ 3918:^ 3889:. 3885:. 3836:. 3816:. 3786:. 3782:. 3767:^ 3745:. 3741:. 3730:^ 3705:. 3676:. 3672:. 3647:. 3639:. 3629:. 3619:. 3575:^ 3558:. 3552:. 3548:. 3527:^ 3441:. 3433:. 3419:. 3415:. 3380:. 3370:43 3368:. 3341:^ 3266:^ 3162:. 3060:. 2985:. 2972:. 2842:. 2794:, 2790:, 2724:12 2716:, 2712:, 2533:. 2228:: 2118:. 1962:. 1947:. 1920:. 1911:. 1877:. 1818:, 1695:, 1644:, 1640:, 1544:. 1459:: 1246:on 909:m. 830:, 6528:e 6521:t 6514:v 6403:e 6396:t 6389:v 6295:e 6288:t 6281:v 6177:e 6170:t 6163:v 5939:) 5935:( 5925:e 5918:t 5911:v 5486:. 5416:. 5309:. 5253:. 5193:. 5165:. 5116:. 5007:. 4981:. 4878:. 4615:. 4510:. 4163:. 4112:. 4073:. 4061:: 3900:. 3802:. 3761:. 3724:. 3688:. 3655:. 3569:. 3449:. 3427:: 3421:9 3388:. 3376:: 3248:. 3180:. 3083:( 2939:) 2935:( 1228:e 1221:t 1214:v 823:) 819:(

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index