790:
270:. His parents—Pablo de la Cruz and Juana Andres—were peasants and devout Catholics. Apolinario de la Cruz was literate, but stated that he had no formal education. Despite that, it is very likely that he received primary religious instruction and attended the local public primary school in Lucban. In 1829, he decided to become a priest and tried to join the
654:
from joining without Pule's permission. This made De Oraá believe that it was a seditious organization where religion was used as a cover for potential insurgence against
Spanish authorities. De Oraá then recommended Pule's dismissal from San Juan de Dios Hospital and had the
59:
716:
When the news of the Ortega's defeat reached the
Governor-General, better-armed reinforcements from Manila were sent to Tayabas. On November 1, 1841, Col. Joaquín Huet arrived in Tayabas with 800 to 1,000 soldiers. They initially offered amnesty to the members of the
2069:
Diestro, Dwight David; Boro-Magbanua, Ma. Reina; Mata, Roberto; Ybiernas, Vicente Angel (2001). "Ilang tala tungkol sa buhay, kasaysayan, at pamana ni
Hermano Puli". In Diestro, Dwight David A.; Navarro, Atoy M.; Palad, Ryan V. (eds.).
733:
fighters were made to believe that they were invulnerable to enemy bullets, and that angels from Heaven would come down and help them in battle, and finally the ground would open up and swallow the enemy troops. The battle between the
933:
was applied to all the cults and insurgent groups characterized by Roman
Catholic devotion, folk superstition, and hero worship. Some of these groups are still active today in various provinces in the Philippines.
1042:
required all native
Filipinos to adopt Hispanic surnames in 1849. Prior to that decree, many Filipinos did not use surnames. Despite this, Manuel F. Martinez is certain that Pule's family did not belong to the
2255:
Palad, Ryan (2001a). "Kasaysayan ng pag-aaklas ng rehimentong
Tayabas 1843 at pananaw sa pag-usbong ng kamalayang Quezonian". In Diestro, Dwight David A.; Navarro, Atoy M.; Palad, Ryan V. (eds.).
1465:
2108:
Francisco, Jose Mario (2006). "Christianity as church and story and the birth of the
Filipino nation in the nineteenth century". In Gilley, Sheridan; Stanley, Brian (eds.).
2274:
Palad, Ryan (2001b). "Samu't saring kontrobersya sa buhay, kasaysayan at pamana ni
Hermano Puli". In Diestro, Dwight David A.; Navarro, Atoy M.; Palad, Ryan V. (eds.).
1184:
1983:
222:
refused to admit native
Filipinos as members. In retaliation, Pule established his own religious order that was exclusive for native Filipinos. During its peak, the
1075:
wrote that Pule's head was "hung in front of his parents' house in Lucban" and his hands and feet were "hung inside cages and placed in the guardhouses of
Tayabas".
2353:
2181:
1084:
Entries to the Palanca competition are previously unpublished pieces in their manuscript form. Hence, the play won the award before its first performance.
1273:
278:(native people of the Philippines) from joining, thus De la Cruz's application was rejected for the sole reason of his race. He then decided to work as a
1071:
reports that Pule's head was "stored in a cage for public view as it was put on top of a pole stuck along the roadside leading to Majayjay town". While
515:
Pule decided to have the cofradía recognized by the colonial government and the Catholic Church. He first sought recognition and authorization from the
1297:
1922:
2358:
1857:
1146:
1068:
1015:
794:
1018:. Another estimate is July 23, 1814 by Tayabas historian Ryan Palad, for the reason that Hermano Pule (Apolinario de la Cruz) was named after St.
1138:
1014:
published Hermano Pule's date of birth as July 22, 1815 based on Pule's baptismal record dated July 23, 1815. This is the date recognized by the
777:—Octavio Ygnacio "Purgatorio" de San Jorge, Dionisio de los Reyes, Francisco Espinosa de la Cruz, Gregorio Miguel de Jesus, and around 200 other
1887:
845:' Tayabas Regiment stationed in Manila, led by Sergeant Irineo Samaniego, rose in mutiny in retaliation for the November 1841 massacre of the
2323:
670:
members that evaded capture. Anticipating an imminent attack, Pule and Purgatorio rallied 4,000 followers at Barrio Isabang on the slopes of
968:
was written by Rosauro de la Cruz and was first performed in 1975. It won the first prize for the one-act play in Filipino category of the
701:
was able to resist the attack, which resulted in the deaths of Ortega and many of his men. Pule then transferred his camp to Alitao, near
2313:
1824:
926:
215:
1488:
357:
659:
outlawed in July 1841, ordering its disbandment and the arrests of its members. Pule immediately went into hiding to avoid capture.
457:
and fiestas. The monthly Mass was held in the parish church of Lucban, and was facilitated by the parish priest, Fr. Manuel Sancho.
2338:
907:, who lived in the vicinity of Mount San Cristobal and Mount Banahaw, continued with their religious activities and were known as
405:
287:
1038:
believed that Hermano Pule's family was well-established in the community, due to their use of surnames before Governor-General
1022:, whose feast is on July 23. Other estimates include: July 31, 1815 by David Reeves Sturtevant, year 1814 by Reynaldo Ileto and
2373:
2283:
2264:
2245:
2222:
2199:
2167:
2121:
2098:
2079:
2059:
2033:
1484:
607:
516:
17:
242:, an attack that was resisted by Hermano Pule and his followers on October 23, 1841. However, more troops were sent and the
2140:
1944:
1172:
587:
94:
1975:
833:
had committed an ecclesiastical offense for conducting religious activities without the approval of the Catholic Church.
640:
758:
but was captured by Colonel Huet's forces the following evening. On November 4, 1841, after a summary trial held at the
738:
and the government forces lasted four hours. Three to five hundred men, women, elders, and children were killed on the
576:, ordered the release of the prisoners, reasoning that it was an ecclesiastical matter. Afterwards, in early 1841, the
211:
246:
was finally quelled by the colonial military forces on November 1, 1841. Pule was then captured, tried, and executed.
2333:
2328:
2318:
2159:
595:
488:
s existence until 1840. However, as early as 1833, Filipino priests have noticed their activities in the vicinity of
353:
2232:
Miranda, Evelyn A. (2008). "Marianisation in the Philippines". In Poddar, Prem; Patke, Rajeev; Jensen, Lars (eds.).
1058:
Alternative forms of his name: "Octavio Ignacio de San Jorge", "Octavio Ignacio San Jorge", and "Octabio San Jorge".
447:
met on the 19th of each month in honor of Saint Joseph, whose feast is 19 March. They also paid monthly fees of one
814:
blamed De Oraá for his failure to consult them prior to sending troops, and his order to give no quarter to the
643:
1270:
1039:
853:
and held it for a few hours, but were defeated the next day. Eighty-two mutineers were immediately executed on
298:. During this time, he improved his public speaking and studied the Bible along with other religious writings.
1307:
2348:
1910:
511:
of conducting heretical activities. Due to religious persecution and the increasing number of its members,
1854:
2343:
922:
2237:
2113:
679:
1150:
818:
fighters. Meanwhile, Governor-General De Oraá blamed Colonel Huet for allegedly exceeding his orders.
63:
Image of Hermano Pule, courtesy of Ryan Palad, head of the Tayabas Studies and Creative Writing Center
763:
345:
1879:
2368:
521:
238:. Fearing an armed rebellion, the Spanish colonial government sent military forces to suppress the
628:
400:
Pule's permission as a form of retaliation against the Church for discriminating against natives.
2363:
349:
2278:(in Filipino). Quezon City: Limbagang Pangkasaysayan & Tayabas Publication. pp. 65–77.
2259:(in Filipino). Quezon City: Limbagang Pangkasaysayan & Tayabas Publication. pp. 85–99.
2074:(in Filipino). Quezon City: Limbagang Pangkasaysayan & Tayabas Publication. pp. 41–64.
746:
escaped to the forests and were not pursued. Only eleven were wounded on the government's side.
1019:
822:
710:
602:
members. He also challenged the friars' authority to perform such acts because the aims of the
2025:
1832:
1180:
917:
888:, Hermano Pule, and Octavio Ygnacio "Purgatorio" de San Jorge. The activities of the revived
449:
207:
759:
624:, who endorsed it to Fr. Antonio Mateo and Fr. Manuel Sancho, who rejected Pule's petition.
408:
and regularly corresponded with his followers through letters, which were read aloud to the
2308:
2303:
2051:
885:
842:
329:
789:
8:
1302:
969:
591:
489:
341:
263:
183:
2191:
2234:
A Historical Companion to Postcolonial Literatures – Continental Europe and its Empires
2043:
271:
825:
officially reprimanded Governor-General De Oraá. The court affirmed that Pule and the
606:
were never against the Catholic faith. On January 29, 1841, Pule sent a letter to the
344:
Pule). The brotherhood fostered the practice of Christian virtues centered around the
2279:
2260:
2241:
2218:
2195:
2163:
2152:
2136:
2117:
2094:
2075:
2055:
2029:
2014:
2009:
1072:
1011:
421:
367:
322:
Hermandad de la Archi-Cofradía del Glorioso Señor San José y de la Virgen del Rosario
235:
1952:
770:. His dismembered head, hands, and feet were exhibited throughout Tayabas province.
436:
Octavio Ygnacio "Purgatorio" de San Jorge and Br. Ciriaco delos Santos, who was the
2048:
A history of the Philippines: From the Spanish colonization to the Second World War
942:
897:
807:
590:
José Seguí in Manila rebuking the acts of the Tayabas friars, and accusing them of
267:
219:
179:
174:
1861:
1277:
646:. The Governor-General personally reviewed the petition and was disturbed by the
569:
544:
503:
s monthly masses and fees, thus Fr. Manuel Sancho stopped holding Masses for the
379:
742:
side. Afterwards, 500 were taken prisoner, including 300 women. The rest of the
519:
but his request was denied. Not discouraged, he then sought the approval of the
2177:
1087:
991:
972:
961:
706:
616:
454:
317:
98:
1045:
2297:
1035:
1023:
850:
767:
729:
leaders promised their followers of victory through divine intervention. The
671:
493:
383:
362:
337:
320:
Br. Ciriaco de los Santos and 19 other individuals from Tayabas, founded the
195:
2187:
1945:"The Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature | Winners 1972"
499:
In 1840, Fr. Antonio Mateo, the vicar of Tayabas, became suspicious of the
325:
199:
33:
2214:
953:
A monument to Hermano Pule now stands on the city boundary of Tayabas and
892:
ended in 1871 when Labios and his followers were captured and banished to
2110:
The Cambridge History of Christianity: World Christianities c.1815–c.1914
2021:
1480:
937:
Beginning in the 1930s, the colloquial meaning in the Philippines behind
693:
Joaquín Ortega, with orders from Manila, led 300 men in an attack on the
675:
663:
539:
283:
860:
987:
854:
721:, with the exception of Hermano Pule and other senior leaders, but the
340:
of St. Joseph). He then became known to his followers as Hermano Pule (
2154:
Pasyon and Revolution: Popular Movements in the Philippines, 1840-1910
806:
The 1841 Alitao massacre became a public controversy in Manila, where
274:
in Manila. During those times, Roman Catholic religious orders barred
528:
In addition to the accusations of heresy, there was a rumor that the
465:
375:
231:
1921:(1). Quezon City, Philippines: Ateneo de Manila University: 5–36.
941:
became extended to any illegal activity, notably the unregistered
801:
893:
880:('Prophet and Pope') Juanario Labios. The members of the revived
755:
702:
627:
In June 1841, with the help of influential supporters (including
621:
533:
469:
392:
116:
37:
2068:
1735:
1687:
1587:
1560:
1512:
1328:
1222:
580:
transferred to Majayjay, hometown of "Purgatorio" de San Jorge.
966:"Ang Unang Pagtatanghal ng 'Ang Huling Pasyon ni Hermano Pule'"
954:
556:
members and confiscated their cash box, two large portraits of
371:
259:
255:
227:
119:, Tayabas, Captaincy General of the Philippines, Spanish Empire
90:
86:
58:
884:
claimed to have witnessed the alleged joint apparition of the
829:
had no political motives. However, they acknowledged that the
548:
of Lucban, who ordered a raid on October 19, 1840, during the
957:. His death anniversary, November 4, is a holiday in Quezon.
912:
639:
to be recognized. This letter was forwarded to the office of
1976:"'Hermano Puli,' this year's 'Heneral Luna,' opens Sept. 21"
614:
was not against canon law. The letter was forwarded to the
190:), was a Filipino religious leader who founded and led the
2135:(1st ed.). Manila: REX Book Store. pp. 122–123.
2093:(1st ed.). Manila: REX Book Store. pp. 106–107.
810:
criticizing the government's actions were circulated. The
662:
In September 1841, Hermano Pule traveled from Manila to
324:(Brotherhood of the Great Sodality of the Glorious Lord
1473:
Asian Studies: Journal of Critical Perspectives on Asia
793:
Historical marker installed in Tayabas, Quezon, by the
725:
refused. Prior to Colonel Huet's arrival, Pule and the
2091:
Struggle for Freedom: A Textbook on Philippine History
462:
Cofradía del Sr. San José i voto del Santísimo Rosario
366:(talismans). Most of its adherents were from Tayabas,
258:
Pandác in the town of Lucban in Tayabas province (now
313:
In December 1832, 18-year-old De la Cruz, along with
294:, a brotherhood affiliated with the hospital open to
1911:"Contemporary Philippine drama: The liveliest voice"
1583:
1581:
254:
Apolinario de la Cruz was born on July 22, 1815, in
165:(July 22, 1815 – November 4, 1841), better known as
781:prisoners—were also executed the same day as Pule.
705:town, where his followers crowned him "King of the
2151:
2013:
476:had grown to an estimated 4,500 to 5,000 members.
2183:In Our Image: America's Empire in the Philippines
1681:
1578:
1147:National Historical Commission of the Philippines
1139:"193rd Birth Anniversary of Apolinario Dela Cruz"
1016:National Historical Commission of the Philippines
994:as Hermano Puli, was released in September 2016.
836:
795:National Historical Commission of the Philippines
560:Pule depicted as a saint, and his letters to the
542:friars of Tayabas passed this information to the
226:had 4,500 to 5,000 members from the provinces of
2295:
766:at age 26. The Spanish authorities had his body
749:
552:s monthly meeting. The authorities arrested 243
1644:
1642:
802:Public reaction and Supreme Court investigation
572:Joaquín Ortega, whose wife was a member of the
1629:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1250:
1248:
2024:, Philippines: GAROTECH Publishing. pp.
1137:Palafox, Quennie Ann J. (September 6, 2012).
921:('unto the ages of ages'), which was used at
2354:People from the Spanish colonial Philippines
1639:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1398:
1396:
1218:
1216:
1214:
484:The Spanish authorities were unaware of the
2042:
1951:. Carlos Palanca Foundation. Archived from
1770:
1768:
1671:
1669:
1633:
1612:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1459:
1457:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1245:
762:in Tayabas town, he was tortured and later
206:was established in 1832 in response to the
1506:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1126:
308:
57:
2107:
2008:
1908:
1429:
1408:
1402:
1393:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1269:Mallari, D. T., Jr. (November 13, 2014).
1211:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
2359:People executed by Spain by firing squad
2208:
1878:Mallari, Delfin Jr. (November 3, 2015).
1810:
1786:
1765:
1747:
1699:
1666:
1648:
1593:
1572:
1548:
1530:
1524:
1463:
1454:
1334:
1271:Local hero remembered in Quezon ceremony
1254:
1205:
788:
2231:
1986:from the original on September 20, 2016
1877:
1448:
1435:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1292:
1290:
1228:
1136:
784:
460:In 1837, the confraternity was renamed
301:
14:
2296:
2273:
2254:
2176:
2130:
1973:
1822:
1798:
1723:
1717:
1387:
1374:
1239:
1173:"English < > Spanish Dictionary"
1103:
821:After investigating the massacre, the
27:19th-century Filipino religious leader
2149:
1974:Tabora, Brylle (September 19, 2016).
1774:
1759:
1711:
1675:
1660:
1606:
1536:
1485:University of the Philippines Diliman
1345:
1265:
1263:
980:Ang Hapis at Himagsik ni Hermano Puli
356:. They also incorporated elements of
173:
2324:Filipino Christian religious leaders
2088:
1967:
1890:from the original on August 11, 2017
1855:Binay to lead rites for Hermano Pule
1368:
1351:
1287:
876:was revived under the leadership of
841:On January 20, 1843, members of the
507:. Mateo and Sancho then accused the
95:Captaincy General of the Philippines
2131:Halili, Maria Christine N. (2004).
2112:. Vol. 8. Cambridge, England:
1925:from the original on August 3, 2017
1187:from the original on August 3, 2017
709:". By that time, he had considered
650:s rule that excluded Spaniards and
631:), Pule again sent a letter to the
453:to cover the cost of their monthly
440:s treasurer and spiritual adviser.
24:
2314:Catholic Church in the Philippines
1466:"The Colorum Uprisings: 1924-1931"
1260:
984:The Agony and Fury of Brother Puli
857:, while the rest were imprisoned.
586:Pule immediately sent a letter to
568:(provincial governor) of Tayabas,
212:Catholic Church in the Philippines
25:
2385:
2160:Ateneo de Manila University Press
849:members. They managed to capture
416:members also found time to visit
208:racially discriminatory practices
2217:, Philippines: MFM Enterprises.
2150:Ileto, Reynaldo Clemeña (1979).
948:
682:also allied themselves with the
262:) back when the Philippines was
2339:Filipino paramilitary personnel
2001:
1937:
1902:
1880:"Quezon holiday for local hero"
1871:
1853:Otordoz, B. M.(2015, July 19).
1847:
1823:Rivero, Angel (March 7, 2012).
1816:
1804:
1792:
1780:
1753:
1741:
1729:
1705:
1693:
1654:
1566:
1554:
1542:
1518:
1322:
1306:. June 29, 2015. Archived from
1078:
1061:
1052:
1026:, and year 1815 by David Sweet.
754:Pule fled to Barrio Gibanga in
2016:History of the Filipino People
1464:Guerrero, Milagros C. (1967).
1199:
1165:
1069:National Historical Commission
1029:
1004:
837:Mutiny of the Tayabas Regiment
479:
404:Pule continued to work at the
13:
1:
1483:, Philippines: Asian Center,
1097:
903:The surviving members of the
750:Capture, trial, and execution
538:of Camarines and Laguna. The
290:where he was admitted to the
249:
2374:19th-century Filipino people
2211:A History of Quezon Province
2209:Martinez, Manuel F. (1999).
1067:Quennie Ann Palafox of the
997:
644:Marcelino de Oraá Lecumberri
292:Cofradía de San Juan de Dios
36:, the first or paternal
7:
1860:September 14, 2016, at the
925:to end prayers. During the
797:to commemorate Hermano Pule
532:was planning to murder the
464:and evangelized in Lucban,
360:beliefs such as the use of
10:
2390:
2276:Hermano Puli sa Kasaysayan
2257:Hermano Puli sa Kasaysayan
2238:Edinburgh University Press
2114:Cambridge University Press
2072:Hermano Puli sa Kasaysayan
1909:Fernandez, Doreen (1983).
31:
2089:Duka, Cecilio D. (2008).
1980:Philippine Daily Inquirer
1884:Philippine Daily Inquirer
1282:Philippine Daily Inquirer
1276:November 8, 2016, at the
773:The other leaders of the
697:s camp. The 4,000-strong
525:but he was also ignored.
406:San Juan de Dios Hospital
390:prohibited Spaniards and
288:San Juan de Dios Hospital
149:
141:
124:
105:
68:
56:
49:
2334:Filipino Roman Catholics
2329:Filipino revolutionaries
2319:Executed Filipino people
1831:. Manila. Archived from
1825:"Conquering the Colorum"
764:executed by firing squad
1487:: 65–78. Archived from
943:public utility vehicles
608:Bishop of Nueva Cáceres
517:Bishop of Nueva Caceres
350:Saint Francis of Assisi
309:Formation and expansion
216:Spanish colonial period
1298:"Who is Hermano Puli?"
1020:Apollinaris of Ravenna
911:, a corruption of the
865:and the origin of the
823:Supreme Court of Spain
798:
175:[eɾˈmanopuˈle]
1181:University of Granada
927:American colonial era
918:in saecula saeculorum
792:
689:On October 23, 1841,
396:from joining without
378:, and some were from
264:an overseas territory
163:Apolinario de la Cruz
73:Apolinario de la Cruz
18:Apolinario de la Cruz
2240:. pp. 567–568.
2116:. pp. 533–534.
2054:. pp. 135–137.
2052:Monthly Review Press
1949:palancaawards.com.ph
978:The historical film
905:Cofradía de San José
886:Virgin of the Rosary
874:Cofradía de San José
843:Spanish Armed Forces
785:Aftermath and legacy
428:Pule's absence, the
334:Cofradía de San José
330:Virgin of the Rosary
303:Cofradía de San José
192:Cofradía de San José
186:Pule"; also spelled
154:Cofradía de San José
2349:People from Tayabas
2044:Constantino, Renato
1955:on October 22, 2009
1829:The Philippine Star
1736:Diestro et al. 2001
1688:Diestro et al. 2001
1588:Diestro et al. 2001
1561:Diestro et al. 2001
1513:Diestro et al. 2001
1494:on February 2, 2017
1329:Diestro et al. 2001
1310:on February 2, 2017
1303:The Philippine Star
1223:Diestro et al. 2001
1010:Filipino historian
878:Profeta y Pontifice
674:. A group of pagan
666:, to meet with the
635:requesting for the
610:restating that the
490:Mount San Cristobal
2344:People from Quezon
2133:Philippine History
2010:Agoncillo, Teodoro
1915:Philippine Studies
1813:, pp. 138–139
1636:, pp. 135–137
1551:, pp. 105–106
1451:, pp. 567–568
1432:, pp. 107–108
1405:, pp. 533–534
1390:, pp. 122–123
1371:, pp. 106–107
1153:on August 20, 2016
799:
354:Virgin of Antipolo
272:Order of Preachers
2285:978-971-92282-1-9
2266:978-971-92282-1-9
2247:978-0-7486-2394-5
2224:978-971-93060-0-9
2201:978-0-394-54975-0
2186:. New York City:
2169:978-971-550-232-0
2123:978-0-521-81456-0
2100:978-971-23-5045-0
2081:978-971-92282-1-9
2061:978-0-85345-394-9
2050:. New York City:
2035:978-9-71-871106-4
1835:on March 24, 2017
1073:Teodoro Agoncillo
1012:Gregorio F. Zaide
713:with the Church.
160:
159:
142:Years active
16:(Redirected from
2381:
2289:
2270:
2251:
2228:
2205:
2173:
2157:
2146:
2142:978-971-23-39349
2127:
2104:
2085:
2065:
2039:
2020:(8th ed.).
2019:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1875:
1869:
1866:The Manila Times
1851:
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1801:, pp. 89–91
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1685:
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1634:Constantino 2008
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1149:. Archived from
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1040:Narciso Clavería
1033:
1027:
1008:
898:Calamian Islands
855:Bagumbayan Field
641:Governor-General
594:and threatening
332:), shortened to
268:Kingdom of Spain
220:religious orders
177:
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134:religious leader
112:
109:November 4, 1841
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2213:. Vol. 1.
2202:
2178:Karnow, Stanley
2170:
2158:. Quezon City:
2143:
2124:
2101:
2082:
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2036:
2004:
1999:
1989:
1987:
1972:
1968:
1958:
1956:
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870:
861:Revival of the
839:
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596:excommunication
545:gobernadorcillo
482:
472:. By 1841, the
443:Members of the
380:Camarines Norte
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120:
114:
110:
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89:, Tayabas (now
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28:
23:
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15:
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1088:Palanca Awards
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973:Palanca Awards
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812:Real Audiencia
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760:Casa Comunidad
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633:Real Audiencia
564:. The Spanish
522:Real Audiencia
481:
478:
412:members. Some
318:secular priest
310:
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158:
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150:Known for
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113:(aged 26)
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99:Spanish Empire
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26:
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2018:
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2011:
2007:
2006:
1990:September 22,
1985:
1981:
1977:
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1954:
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1811:Martinez 1999
1807:
1800:
1795:
1789:, p. 132
1788:
1787:Martinez 1999
1783:
1776:
1771:
1769:
1761:
1756:
1750:, p. 120
1749:
1748:Martinez 1999
1744:
1737:
1732:
1726:, p. 444
1725:
1720:
1713:
1708:
1702:, p. 117
1701:
1700:Martinez 1999
1696:
1689:
1684:
1677:
1672:
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1662:
1657:
1651:, p. 116
1650:
1649:Martinez 1999
1645:
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1589:
1584:
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1575:, p. 109
1574:
1573:Martinez 1999
1569:
1562:
1557:
1550:
1549:Martinez 1999
1545:
1538:
1533:
1527:, p. 111
1526:
1525:Martinez 1999
1521:
1514:
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1257:, p. 101
1256:
1255:Martinez 1999
1251:
1249:
1241:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1224:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1208:, p. 100
1207:
1206:Martinez 1999
1202:
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1036:Onofre Corpuz
1032:
1025:
1024:Onofre Corpuz
1021:
1017:
1013:
1007:
1003:
995:
993:
990:and starring
989:
985:
981:
976:
974:
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956:
949:Commemoration
946:
944:
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935:
932:
928:
924:
920:
919:
914:
910:
906:
901:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
872:In 1870, the
868:
864:
858:
856:
852:
851:Fort Santiago
848:
844:
834:
832:
828:
824:
819:
817:
813:
809:
796:
791:
782:
780:
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745:
741:
737:
732:
728:
724:
720:
714:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
691:alcalde mayor
687:
685:
681:
677:
673:
672:Mount Banahaw
669:
665:
660:
658:
653:
649:
645:
642:
638:
634:
630:
629:Domingo Róxas
625:
623:
619:
618:
617:juez provisor
613:
609:
605:
601:
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593:
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581:
579:
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571:
567:
566:alcalde mayor
563:
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541:
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531:
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523:
518:
514:
510:
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502:
497:
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494:Mount Banahaw
491:
487:
477:
475:
471:
467:
463:
458:
456:
452:
451:
446:
441:
439:
435:
434:hermano mayor
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
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403:
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395:
394:
389:
385:
384:Camarines Sur
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
364:
363:anting-anting
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
338:Confraternity
335:
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304:
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277:
273:
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221:
217:
214:. During the
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
196:Confraternity
193:
189:
185:
181:
176:
168:
164:
155:
152:
148:
144:
140:
133:
130:
129:
127:
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118:
108:
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100:
96:
92:
88:
83:July 22, 1815
71:
67:
60:
55:
48:
43:
39:
35:
30:
19:
2275:
2256:
2233:
2210:
2188:Random House
2182:
2153:
2132:
2109:
2090:
2071:
2047:
2015:
2002:Bibliography
1988:. Retrieved
1979:
1969:
1957:. Retrieved
1953:the original
1948:
1939:
1927:. Retrieved
1918:
1914:
1904:
1892:. Retrieved
1883:
1873:
1865:
1849:
1837:. Retrieved
1833:the original
1828:
1818:
1806:
1794:
1782:
1777:, p. 62
1762:, p. 59
1755:
1743:
1738:, p. 61
1731:
1719:
1714:, p. 58
1707:
1695:
1683:
1678:, p. 57
1656:
1609:, p. 32
1568:
1563:, p. 46
1556:
1544:
1539:, p. 41
1532:
1520:
1515:, p. 48
1508:
1496:. Retrieved
1489:the original
1476:
1472:
1449:Miranda 2008
1348:, p. 31
1331:, p. 43
1324:
1312:. Retrieved
1308:the original
1301:
1281:
1242:, p. 67
1225:, p. 42
1201:
1189:. Retrieved
1177:eubd1.ugr.es
1176:
1167:
1155:. Retrieved
1151:the original
1142:
1085:
1080:
1063:
1054:
1044:
1031:
1006:
983:
979:
977:
965:
959:
952:
938:
936:
930:
916:
908:
904:
902:
889:
881:
877:
873:
871:
866:
862:
846:
840:
830:
826:
820:
815:
811:
805:
778:
774:
772:
753:
743:
739:
735:
730:
726:
722:
718:
715:
698:
694:
690:
688:
683:
680:Sierra Madre
667:
661:
656:
651:
647:
636:
632:
626:
615:
611:
603:
599:
583:
582:
577:
573:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
543:
534:
529:
527:
520:
512:
508:
504:
500:
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485:
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461:
459:
448:
444:
442:
437:
433:
429:
425:
417:
413:
409:
401:
397:
391:
387:
361:
358:pre-colonial
333:
326:Saint Joseph
321:
314:
312:
302:
295:
291:
279:
275:
253:
243:
239:
223:
203:
200:Saint Joseph
191:
188:Hermano Puli
187:
167:Hermano Pule
166:
162:
161:
153:
111:(1841-11-04)
51:Hermano Pule
41:
34:Spanish name
29:
2309:1841 deaths
2304:1815 births
2022:Quezon City
1839:November 4,
1799:Palad 2001a
1724:Karnow 1989
1481:Quezon City
1388:Halili 2004
1240:Palad 2001b
1143:nhcp.gov.ph
1046:principalía
929:, the term
664:Bay, Laguna
480:Suppression
432:was led by
328:and of the
284:lay brother
218:, Catholic
131:Lay brother
125:Occupations
2298:Categories
2190:. p.
1894:August 11,
1775:Ileto 1979
1760:Ileto 1979
1712:Ileto 1979
1676:Ileto 1979
1661:Ileto 1979
1607:Ileto 1979
1537:Ileto 1979
1346:Ileto 1979
1098:References
988:Gil Portes
588:Archbishop
540:Franciscan
250:Early life
79:1815-07-22
42:de la Cruz
2215:Parañaque
1959:March 15,
1929:August 2,
1498:March 15,
1369:Duka 2008
1314:March 15,
1157:March 15,
998:Footnotes
768:quartered
695:cofradía'
648:cofradía'
622:bishopric
550:cofradía'
501:cofradía'
486:cofradía'
438:cofradía'
286:) at the
145:1832–1841
2180:(1989).
2046:(2008).
2012:(1990).
1984:Archived
1923:Archived
1888:Archived
1858:Archived
1274:Archived
1185:Archived
909:colorums
896:and the
890:cofradía
882:cofradía
863:Cofradía
847:cofradía
831:cofradía
827:cofradía
816:cofradía
779:cofradía
775:Cofradía
744:cofradía
740:cofradía
736:cofradía
731:cofradía
727:cofradía
723:cofradía
719:cofradía
707:Tagalogs
699:cofradía
684:cofradía
668:cofradía
657:cofradía
652:mestizos
637:cofradía
612:cofradía
604:cofradía
600:cofradía
592:beatings
578:cofradía
574:cofradía
562:cofradía
554:cofradía
535:alcaldes
530:cofradía
509:cofradía
505:cofradía
474:cofradía
466:Majayjay
445:cofradía
430:cofradía
420:Pule in
414:cofradía
410:cofradía
393:mestizos
388:cofradía
376:Batangas
352:and the
244:cofradía
240:cofradía
232:Batangas
224:cofradía
204:cofradía
171:Spanish:
32:In this
2026:107–108
1191:June 9,
964:titled
939:colorum
931:colorum
915:phrase
894:Mindoro
867:colorum
756:Sariaya
703:Tayabas
620:of the
584:Hermano
558:Hermano
513:Hermano
470:Sariaya
426:Hermano
418:Hermano
402:Hermano
398:Hermano
342:Brother
266:of the
228:Tayabas
210:of the
202:). The
184:Brother
180:Spanish
117:Tayabas
38:surname
2282:
2263:
2244:
2221:
2198:
2166:
2139:
2120:
2097:
2078:
2058:
2032:
955:Lucena
808:flyers
711:schism
468:, and
455:Masses
422:Manila
386:. The
374:, and
372:Cavite
368:Laguna
296:indios
280:donado
276:indios
260:Quezon
256:Barrio
236:Laguna
234:, and
156:Revolt
91:Quezon
87:Lucban
1492:(PDF)
1479:(1).
1469:(PDF)
913:Latin
678:from
676:Aetas
424:. In
346:cults
315:indio
182:for "
2280:ISBN
2261:ISBN
2242:ISBN
2219:ISBN
2196:ISBN
2164:ISBN
2137:ISBN
2118:ISBN
2095:ISBN
2076:ISBN
2056:ISBN
2030:ISBN
1992:2016
1961:2019
1931:2017
1896:2017
1841:2017
1500:2019
1316:2019
1193:2017
1159:2019
1086:See
970:1972
962:play
923:Mass
492:and
450:real
382:and
106:Died
69:Born
2192:444
598:of
570:Don
348:of
198:of
93:),
40:is
2300::
2194:.
2162:.
2028:.
1982:.
1978:.
1947:.
1919:31
1917:.
1913:.
1886:.
1882:.
1864:.
1827:.
1767:^
1668:^
1641:^
1614:^
1595:^
1580:^
1475:.
1471:.
1456:^
1437:^
1410:^
1395:^
1376:^
1353:^
1336:^
1300:.
1289:^
1280:.
1262:^
1247:^
1230:^
1213:^
1183:.
1179:.
1175:.
1145:.
1141:.
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