161:
1060:
61:
45:
394:
1963:
153:
68:
405:
1052:
256:'s reign (161 to 180) it was reoccupied and from 198 it was considerably altered in plan and usage. A dividing wall between the northern and southern halves of the fort allowed the north part to store supplies from sea-going ships, while the southern part remained a garrison. The modifications are associated with
275:
of double size (nominally 1000 men) while the original principia were converted to a granary and 9 more granaries were built in the southern part of the fort, bringing the total to 24. It contains the only permanent stone-built granaries yet found in
Britain. It shows that Arbeia became the main
308:
When the fort was unexpectedly discovered in 1875 by an unknown amateur it made national news as the numerous finds near the centre of a
Northern industrial town were of a quality that shocked archaeologists who found it hard to believe such a site could yield these treasures. The Roman remains
145:
457:
The West Gate of the fort was reconstructed in 1986 to give an impression of the place. The
Reconstruction of the fort has been accomplished using research which was undertaken following excavations, standing where it had originally existed during the Roman occupation of Britain.
435:
in
Northumberland.) The second commemorates Victor, another former slave, freed by Numerianus of the Ala I Asturum, who also arranged his funeral ("piantissime": with all devotion) when Victor died at the age of 20. The stone records that Victor was "of the Moorish nation".
461:
A Roman gatehouse, barracks and
Commanding Officer's house have been reconstructed on their original foundations. The gatehouse holds many displays related to the history of the fort, and its upper levels provide an overview of the archaeological site.
384:
at the entrance leading to a colonnaded courtyard with fountain around which most of the rooms were organised. Many of the rooms were decorated with frescoes. A private thermal baths suite included hypocausts for the heated rooms.
356:
431:) who, evidently missing her greatly, set up a gravestone after she died at the age of 30 in the second half of the second century. (Barates himself is buried at the nearby fort at
618:
309:
attracted crowds that flocked to the town and despite some believing that they were forgeries, further excavations proved that it was a sensational archaeological discovery.
245:
and four miles beyond the eastern end of
Hadrian’s wall, from where it guarded the flank and main sea supply route to the Wall and the small port on the south of the Tyne.
190:, now ruined, and which has been partially reconstructed. It was first excavated in the 1870s. All modern buildings on the site were cleared in the 1970s. It is managed by
739:
Dore, J. N. and Gillam, J. Pearson. (1979) The Roman fort at South
Shields Tyne & Wear: excavations 1875–1975, Soc Antiq Newcastle upon Tyne Monogr Ser, 1979 Volume:1
693:
Dore, J. N. and Gillam, J. Pearson. (1979) The Roman fort at South
Shields Tyne & Wear: excavations 1875–1975, Soc Antiq Newcastle upon Tyne Monogr Ser, 1979 Volume:1
276:
supply base for the whole of
Hadrian’s Wall rather than obtaining its supplies from the local region by purchase, taxation or requisition which was the usual assumption.
333:
806:
Richmond, Ian (1953). "Excavations on the site of the Roman Fort at
Lancaster, 1950" (PDF). Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire. 105: p 11
1861:
2298:
2278:
875:
816:
613:
241:
The fort was built in 129 AD as a small cohort fort, a few years later than most of the Hadrian's Wall forts, on the Lawe Top overlooking the mouth of the
347:
415:
Two monuments in the museum at Arbeia testify to the cosmopolitan nature of its shifting population. One commemorate Regina, a British woman of the
1743:
1718:
1713:
60:
380:
The later commanding officer’s house built after 300 resembled elegant 3rd and 4th century houses from the Mediterranean area and included an
2293:
2303:
1854:
939:
2308:
261:
135:
2283:
2318:
1847:
1769:
160:
2288:
555:
528:
264:, a series of campaigns against the troublesome Caledonian tribes, in which the fort may have served as his headquarters.
2004:
545:
774:
2171:
653:
271:(headquarters) with new barracks were built in the southern part of the fort, probably to house the new garrison of
1952:
1818:
932:
2176:
703:
838:"' The Insignia of Women ': Dress, Gender and Identity on the Roman Funerary Monument of Regina from Arbeia"
2191:
211:
439:
The museum also holds an altarpiece to a previously unknown god and a tablet with the name of the Emperor
501:
97:
2242:
2211:
1912:
1828:
1813:
925:
2206:
773:
David Kidd and Jean Stokes, The People’s Roman Remains Park, Harton Village Press ISBN 9781838310004
520:
The House That Jack Built: The True Story Behind the Marsden Grotto and the Search for Roman Treasure
837:
1922:
917:
749:
669:
2161:
1932:
1907:
604:
2313:
2145:
2059:
2039:
1942:
1937:
1917:
1823:
1797:
1001:
1122:
1947:
1892:
518:
351:, a nominally one-thousand strong infantry regiment possibly from Fort Cramond on the Forth.
191:
1789:
795:
481:
2115:
2044:
2034:
1979:
1081:
423:). She was first the slave, then the freedwoman and wife of Barates, an Arab merchant from
361:
2257:
44:
8:
2019:
1927:
1897:
1887:
1143:
2252:
2237:
2227:
2166:
2079:
2069:
1999:
1882:
1164:
1016:
369:
210:
troops", referring to the fact that part of its garrison at one time was a squadron of
2232:
2201:
2186:
2130:
2125:
2110:
2054:
1784:
1198:
1174:
1127:
1107:
1011:
952:
880:
857:
821:
715:
649:
629:
551:
524:
445:
440:
432:
393:
319:
257:
219:
895:
408:
Bronze helmet cheek from the Tyne at South Shields (Newcastle museum) depicting the
1902:
1779:
853:
849:
775:
https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/news/history/how-roman-finds-south-shields-19565255
625:
2181:
2049:
1774:
1477:
1086:
302:
253:
1839:
2135:
2089:
1748:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1041:
298:(commanding officer’s house) built. The fort was finally abandoned around 400.
249:
129:
288:
After a fire in about 300, 8 of the granaries were converted to barracks, the
2272:
2196:
2074:
1989:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1135:
861:
719:
600:
420:
183:
179:
112:
99:
81:
30:
2024:
2009:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1091:
416:
248:
Its garrison was reduced during the occupation of Scotland in the reign of
172:
750:"About Arbeia, South Shields Roman Fort | Arbeia South Shields Roman Fort"
670:"About Arbeia, South Shields Roman Fort | Arbeia South Shields Roman Fort"
2120:
1021:
996:
971:
323:
was the first garrison, a nominally 500-strong cavalry regiment from the
2247:
2140:
2094:
1214:
1148:
1117:
1076:
294:
242:
503:
Archaeologia Aeliana: Or, Miscellaneous Tracts Relating to Antiquities
471:
331:
later in the 2nd century, another cavalry regiment replaced them, the
2084:
2064:
1179:
1112:
1036:
981:
976:
966:
342:
152:
2029:
2014:
1764:
1031:
1026:
991:
947:
409:
324:
144:
1994:
424:
338:
223:
187:
34:
229:
Alternatively, it could mean "(fort by a) stream noted for wild
1006:
986:
948:
476:
404:
365:
230:
215:
175:
428:
328:
281:
207:
796:
https://www.roman-britain.co.uk/places/arbeia-roman-fort/
327:
tribes of modern Hungary. When they were transferred to
646:
Hadrian's Wall From Construction to World Heritage Site
301:
It is said to be the birthplace of the Northumbrian
67:
896:"Arbeia Roman Fort development boosted by £150,000"
648:. Yeovil, Somerset: Haynes Publishing. p. 52.
876:"Britain: Back to barracks in Roman Tyne and Wear"
817:"Britain: Back to barracks in Roman Tyne and Wear"
1869:
2270:
341:tribe of north-western Spain. After it moved to
575:. Newcastle Upon Tyne: Society of Antiquaries.
2299:Museums of ancient Rome in the United Kingdom
1855:
933:
2279:2nd-century establishments in Roman Britain
1862:
1848:
940:
926:
517:Hallowell, Michael J. (15 November 2008).
285:appear to have moved into the empty fort.
585:
516:
443:(died 235) chiselled off, an example of
403:
392:
364:and originally barge-men from the River
159:
151:
143:
835:
624:, 2017, Volume 14, Issue 1, pp. 56–65,
345:, they were replaced before 222 by the
2294:Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums
2271:
543:
279:In later 3rd century occupants of the
16:Roman fort in Tyne & Wear, England
1843:
1189:Cumbrian Coast Forts (North to South)
921:
643:
570:
262:Roman invasion of Caledonia (208–211)
639:
637:
2304:Military and war museums in England
1770:Planetrees (Hadrian's Wall section)
368:in the Middle-East recorded in the
206:"Arbeia" may mean the "fort of the
13:
1961:
1758:Other structures on Hadrian's Wall
1058:
1050:
14:
2330:
2309:Archaeological museums in England
2172:Caerleon Roman Fortress and Baths
794:South Shield (Arbeia) Roman Fort
634:
603:, University of Navarra, Spain, "
465:
452:
397:Recreated wall painting from the
357:Numerus Barcariorum Tigrisiensium
630:10.15826/vopr_onom.2017.14.1.003
320:Ala Primae Pannoniorum Sabiniana
66:
59:
43:
2284:Roman fortifications in England
888:
868:
829:
809:
800:
788:
779:
767:
742:
733:
696:
523:. Amberley Publishing Limited.
2319:Reconstructions of Roman sites
854:10.1080/00665983.2012.11020916
687:
662:
594:
579:
564:
537:
510:
494:
472:Arbeia Roman Fort & Museum
292:were enlarged and a new large
1:
1870:Roman visitor sites in the UK
611:: Tynemouth or Chepstow?" in
487:
375:
2289:Roman sites in Tyne and Wear
2192:National Roman Legion Museum
419:tribe (approximately modern
196:Arbeia Roman Fort and Museum
74:Arbeia Roman Fort and Museum
24:Arbeia Roman Fort and Museum
7:
1807:Regular and linear features
590:. Harvard University Press.
354:The final garrison was the
312:
10:
2335:
2243:Chester Roman Amphitheatre
2207:Trimontium Trust (Melrose)
2167:Carvoran Roman Army Museum
2055:Carvoran Roman Army Museum
644:Forty, Simon (June 2018).
573:Handbook to the Roman Wall
544:Kirkup, Rob (5 May 2009).
360:who were transferred from
236:
2220:
2154:
2103:
1972:
1959:
1875:
1806:
1757:
1636:
1213:
1188:
1157:
1100:
1069:
1048:
960:Wall Forts (East to West)
959:
836:Carroll, Maureen (2012).
388:
128:
91:
54:
42:
28:
23:
2177:Colchester Castle Museum
714:(3): 33. May–June 2017.
586:Bowersock, Glen (1983).
334:Ala I Hispanorum Asturum
2162:Canterbury Roman Museum
2060:Over Burrow (Lancaster)
547:Ghostly Tyne & Wear
201:
1966:
1798:Pike Hill Signal Tower
1063:
1055:
842:Archaeological Journal
754:arbeiaromanfort.org.uk
674:arbeiaromanfort.org.uk
506:. Sarah Hodgson. 2005.
412:
401:
165:
157:
149:
148:Plan of fort in 210 AD
2248:Jewry Wall, Leicester
2202:Senhouse Roman Museum
2111:Aldborough Roman Site
1965:
1062:
1054:
477:Tyne and Wear Museums
407:
396:
222:securing the city of
192:Tyne and Wear Museums
163:
155:
147:
49:Reconstructed gateway
2238:Caerleon Roman Baths
2233:Benwell Roman temple
2035:Hardknott Roman Fort
1980:Ambleside Roman Fort
1973:Forts & military
571:Bruce, John (2006).
362:Lancaster Roman Fort
218:, following Emperor
1903:Dover Painted House
1824:Hadrian's Wall Path
1144:Brampton Old Church
1140:Castle Hill Boothby
1087:Castra Exploratorum
267:From 220-235 a new
156:The late Praetorium
109: /
2253:Welwyn Roman Baths
2070:Portchester Castle
1967:
1064:
1056:
951:and structures of
884:. 23 October 2011.
825:. 23 October 2011.
704:"Feeding the army"
614:Voprosy onomastiki
413:
402:
370:Notitia Dignitatum
166:
158:
150:
2266:
2265:
2212:Verulamium Museum
2187:Jewry Wall Museum
1990:Banks East Turret
1837:
1836:
1794:Willowford Bridge
1785:Knag Burn Gateway
902:. 22 January 2017
881:Independent.co.uk
822:Independent.co.uk
557:978-0-7509-5241-5
550:. History Press.
530:978-1-4456-3147-9
446:damnatio memoriae
441:Severus Alexander
348:Cohors V Gallorum
273:Cohors V Gallorum
258:Septimius Severus
220:Septimius Severus
214:boatmen from the
142:
141:
2326:
2258:York Roman Baths
2228:Bath Roman Baths
1964:
1864:
1857:
1850:
1841:
1840:
1780:Limestone Corner
1123:Haltwhistle Burn
1061:
1053:
942:
935:
928:
919:
918:
912:
911:
909:
907:
892:
886:
885:
872:
866:
865:
833:
827:
826:
813:
807:
804:
798:
792:
786:
783:
777:
771:
765:
764:
762:
760:
746:
740:
737:
731:
730:
728:
726:
700:
694:
691:
685:
684:
682:
680:
666:
660:
659:
641:
632:
622:
598:
592:
591:
583:
577:
576:
568:
562:
561:
541:
535:
534:
514:
508:
507:
498:
138:
124:
123:
121:
120:
119:
114:
113:55.004°N 1.430°W
110:
107:
106:
105:
102:
70:
69:
63:
47:
38:
21:
20:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2323:
2269:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2216:
2182:Corinium Museum
2150:
2099:
2065:Pevensey Castle
1968:
1962:
1957:
1871:
1868:
1838:
1833:
1802:
1775:Chesters Bridge
1753:
1632:
1209:
1184:
1153:
1101:Stanegate Forts
1096:
1065:
1059:
1057:
1051:
1046:
955:
946:
916:
915:
905:
903:
894:
893:
889:
874:
873:
869:
834:
830:
815:
814:
810:
805:
801:
793:
789:
784:
780:
772:
768:
758:
756:
748:
747:
743:
738:
734:
724:
722:
702:
701:
697:
692:
688:
678:
676:
668:
667:
663:
656:
642:
635:
616:
599:
595:
584:
580:
569:
565:
558:
542:
538:
531:
515:
511:
500:
499:
495:
490:
468:
455:
391:
378:
315:
254:Marcus Aurelius
239:
204:
184:Tyne & Wear
134:
117:
115:
111:
108:
103:
100:
98:
96:
95:
87:
86:
85:
84:
78:
77:
76:
75:
71:
50:
29:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2332:
2322:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2136:Venta Icenorum
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2090:Venta Icenorum
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1969:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1913:Great Witcombe
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1872:
1867:
1866:
1859:
1852:
1844:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1810:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1792:
1790:Peel Gap Tower
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1761:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1640:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1219:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1138:
1133:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
963:
961:
957:
956:
953:Hadrian's Wall
945:
944:
937:
930:
922:
914:
913:
887:
867:
848:(1): 281–285.
828:
808:
799:
787:
778:
766:
741:
732:
695:
686:
661:
654:
633:
593:
578:
563:
556:
536:
529:
509:
492:
491:
489:
486:
485:
484:
479:
474:
467:
466:External links
464:
454:
453:Reconstruction
451:
390:
387:
377:
374:
314:
311:
250:Antoninus Pius
238:
235:
203:
200:
140:
139:
132:
130:Grid reference
126:
125:
118:55.004; -1.430
93:
89:
88:
79:
73:
72:
65:
64:
58:
57:
56:
55:
52:
51:
48:
40:
39:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2331:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2314:South Shields
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2219:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1865:
1860:
1858:
1853:
1851:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1756:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1156:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1136:Nether Denton
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1070:Outpost Forts
1068:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
964:
962:
958:
954:
950:
943:
938:
936:
931:
929:
924:
923:
920:
901:
897:
891:
883:
882:
877:
871:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
832:
824:
823:
818:
812:
803:
797:
791:
782:
776:
770:
755:
751:
745:
736:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
699:
690:
675:
671:
665:
657:
655:9781785211898
651:
647:
640:
638:
631:
627:
623:
620:
615:
610:
606:
602:
597:
589:
582:
574:
567:
559:
553:
549:
548:
540:
532:
526:
522:
521:
513:
505:
504:
497:
493:
483:
482:Roman Britain
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
469:
463:
459:
450:
448:
447:
442:
437:
434:
430:
427:(now part of
426:
422:
421:Hertfordshire
418:
411:
406:
400:
395:
386:
383:
373:
371:
367:
363:
359:
358:
352:
350:
349:
344:
340:
336:
335:
330:
326:
322:
321:
310:
306:
304:
299:
297:
296:
291:
286:
284:
283:
277:
274:
270:
265:
263:
259:
255:
251:
246:
244:
234:
232:
227:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
199:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
180:South Shields
177:
174:
170:
162:
154:
146:
137:
133:
131:
127:
122:
94:
90:
83:
82:Tyne and Wear
62:
53:
46:
41:
36:
32:
31:Tyne and Wear
27:
22:
19:
2025:Dover Castle
2005:Burgh Castle
1984:
1923:Lullingstone
1819:Military Way
1637:Milefortlets
1203:Burrow Walls
1169:
1158:Supply Forts
1092:Blatobulgium
1082:Fanum Cocidi
904:. Retrieved
899:
890:
879:
870:
845:
841:
831:
820:
811:
802:
790:
781:
769:
757:. Retrieved
753:
744:
735:
723:. Retrieved
711:
707:
698:
689:
677:. Retrieved
673:
664:
645:
612:
608:
596:
588:Roman Arabia
587:
581:
572:
566:
546:
539:
519:
512:
502:
496:
460:
456:
444:
438:
417:Catuvellauni
414:
398:
381:
379:
355:
353:
346:
332:
318:
316:
307:
300:
293:
289:
287:
280:
278:
272:
268:
266:
247:
240:
228:
212:Mesopotamian
205:
195:
171:was a large
168:
167:
80:Location in
18:
2221:Other sites
2080:Richborough
2040:Housesteads
1933:North Leigh
1215:Milecastles
1206:Gabrosentum
1108:Corstopitum
1022:Camboglanna
1002:Vercovicium
972:Pons Aelius
906:24 December
708:Archaeology
617: [
605:John Leland
252:. Early in
116: /
92:Coordinates
2273:Categories
2197:Ribchester
2131:Silchester
2121:Colchester
2116:Chichester
2095:Vindolanda
2075:Ribchester
2000:Birdoswald
1995:Binchester
1943:Rockbourne
1938:Piddington
1918:Littlecote
1908:Fishbourne
1149:Luguvalium
1118:Vindolanda
1077:Habitancum
1027:Uxelodunum
725:26 January
601:Breeze, A.
488:References
399:Praetorium
376:Praetorium
303:King Oswin
295:praetorium
243:River Tyne
101:55°00′14″N
2141:St Albans
2126:Corbridge
2085:Segedunum
2045:Lancaster
2020:Derventio
1948:Sparsholt
1893:Chedworth
1180:Vindomora
1113:Newbrough
1037:Coggabata
997:Procolita
982:Vindobala
977:Condercum
967:Segedunum
862:0066-5983
720:0003-8113
609:Caer Urfe
433:Corbridge
337:from the
325:Pannonian
290:principia
269:principia
104:1°25′48″W
2146:Wroxeter
2030:Eboracum
2015:Chesters
2010:Caerleon
1953:Wroxeter
1765:Portgate
1032:Aballava
992:Cilurnum
900:BBC News
785:RIB 1064
410:Dioscuri
313:Garrison
226:in 197.
164:The site
136:NZ365679
2155:Museums
1928:Newport
1898:Crofton
1888:Brading
1829:Turrets
425:Palmyra
343:Benwell
339:Astures
237:History
231:turnips
224:Singara
188:England
35:England
1985:Arbeia
1883:Bignor
1876:Villas
1814:Vallum
1199:Alauna
1170:Arbeia
1165:Alauna
1128:Magnis
1012:Magnis
1007:Aesica
860:
759:25 May
718:
679:25 May
652:
554:
527:
389:Museum
382:atrium
366:Tigris
216:Tigris
169:Arbeia
2104:Towns
1749:MF 25
1744:MF 24
1739:MF 23
1734:MF 22
1729:MF 21
1724:MF 20
1719:MF 19
1714:MF 18
1709:MF 17
1704:MF 16
1699:MF 15
1694:MF 14
1689:MF 13
1684:MF 12
1679:MF 11
1674:MF 10
1195:Bibra
1175:Coria
1132:Throp
1017:Banna
987:Onnum
949:Forts
621:]
429:Syria
329:Onnum
282:vicus
173:Roman
37:, UK
2050:Lunt
1669:MF 9
1664:MF 5
1659:MF 4
1654:MF 3
1649:MF 2
1644:MF 1
1478:50TW
1042:Maia
908:2020
858:ISSN
761:2018
727:2022
716:ISSN
681:2018
650:ISBN
552:ISBN
525:ISBN
317:The
208:Arab
202:Name
176:fort
850:doi
846:169
626:doi
607:'s
233:".
194:as
178:in
2275::
1628:80
1623:79
1618:78
1613:77
1608:76
1603:75
1598:74
1593:73
1588:72
1583:71
1578:70
1573:69
1568:68
1563:67
1558:66
1553:65
1548:64
1543:63
1538:62
1533:61
1528:60
1523:59
1518:58
1513:57
1508:56
1503:55
1498:54
1493:53
1488:52
1483:51
1473:50
1468:49
1463:48
1458:47
1453:46
1448:45
1443:44
1438:43
1433:42
1428:41
1423:40
1418:39
1413:38
1408:37
1403:36
1398:35
1393:34
1388:33
1383:32
1378:31
1373:30
1368:29
1363:28
1358:27
1353:26
1348:25
1343:24
1338:23
1333:22
1328:21
1323:20
1318:19
1313:18
1308:17
1303:16
1298:15
1293:14
1288:13
1283:12
1278:11
1273:10
898:.
878:.
856:.
844:.
840:.
819:.
752:.
712:70
710:.
706:.
672:.
636:^
619:ru
449:.
372:.
305:.
260:'
198:.
186:,
182:,
33:,
1863:e
1856:t
1849:v
1268:9
1263:8
1258:7
1253:6
1248:5
1243:4
1238:3
1233:2
1228:1
1223:0
941:e
934:t
927:v
910:.
864:.
852::
763:.
729:.
683:.
658:.
628::
560:.
533:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
