898:
322:
6497:
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162:) is the discernment of an infant's sex, typically made at birth based on an examination of the baby's external genitalia by a healthcare provider such as a midwife, nurse, or physician. In the vast majority of cases (99.95%), sex is assigned unambiguously at birth. However, in about 1 in 2000 births, the baby's genitalia may not clearly indicate male or female, necessitating additional diagnostic steps, and deferring sex assignment.
54:
146:
176:, where a baby's sex characteristics do not conform strictly to typical definitions of male or female, ranges between 0.018% and 1.7%. While some intersex conditions result in genital ambiguity (approximately 0.02% to 0.05% of births), others present genitalia that are distinctly male or female, which may delay the recognition of an intersex condition until later in life.
972:. In some of these cases, it is clear that the child will face physical difficulties or social stigma as they grow up, and deciding upon the sex of assignment involves weighing the advantages and disadvantages of either assignment. Intersex activists have criticised "normalising" procedures performed on infants and children, who are unable to provide informed consent.
1719:; Dainius Pῥras, Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health; Dubravka Ć imonoviĂŠ, Special Rapporteur on violence against women its causes and consequences; Marta Santos Pais, Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General on Violence against Children;
297:, they contended that sex is an "objective biological reality" determined at conception and observed at birth, rather than assigned. They say that using "assigned" terminology, which they view as an example of "social constructionism gone amok", distorts scientific facts and could undermine trust in medical institutions.
215:. Initially, the third edition of the DSM referred to "anatomic sex". By the fourth edition in 1994, the term "assigned sex" was introduced, with subsequent editions also using "biological sex" and "natal gender". The latest revision in 2022 streamlined the language to consistently use "sex assignment".
1075:
regarded, nor protected as such in privacy regulations". Australian government guidelines state that "departments and agencies that collect sex and/or gender information must not collect information unless it is necessary for, or directly related to, one or more of the agency's functions or activities"
1025:
Before the 1950s, assignment was based almost entirely on the appearance of the external genitalia. Although physicians recognized that there were conditions in which the apparent secondary sexual characteristics could develop contrary to the person's sex, and conditions in which the gonadal sex did
1074:
In recent years, the perceived need to legally assign sex is increasingly being challenged by transgender, transsexual, and intersex people. A report for the Dutch
Ministry of Security and Justice states "Gender increasingly seems to be perceived as a 'sensitive' identity feature, but so far is not
1078:
Sex registration was introduced in the
Netherlands in 1811 due to gender-specific rights and responsibilities, such as military conscription. Many gender-specific provisions in legislation no longer exist, but the provisions remain for rationales that include "speed of identification procedures".
203:
In clinical and medical contexts, terms such as "birth-assigned sex" or "birth-assigned gender" are used to describe the sex identified at birth, while "assigned sex" and "assigned gender" may also refer to any subsequent reassignments, especially common among intersex individuals.
300:
There is a consensus in the use of the term "sex assignment" for newborns with intersex conditions; observed chromosomal sex and assigned sex may intentionally differ for medical reasons (based upon predictions of psychosocial and psychosexual health in later life).
1703:
187:
identity experiences. When assigning sex to intersex individuals, some healthcare providers may consider the gender identity that most people with a similar intersex condition develop, although such assignments may be revised as the individual matures.
191:
The use of surgical or hormonal interventions to reinforce sex assignments in intersex individuals without informed consent is considered a violation of human rights, according to the Office of the United
Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.
6385:
2550:
1052:
Sex assignment became more than choosing a sex of rearing, but also began to include surgical treatment. Undescended testes could be retrieved. A greatly enlarged clitoris could be amputated to the usual size, but attempts to create a
940:
in an otherwise apparently typical boy. In most of these cases, a sex is tentatively assigned and the parents told that tests will be performed to confirm the apparent sex. Typical tests in this situation might include a pelvic
1065:
believed that children were more likely to develop a gender identity that matched sex of rearing than might be determined by chromosomes, gonads, or hormones. The resulting medical model was termed the "Optimal gender model".
4312:
885:
Observation or recognition of an infant's sex may be complicated in the case of intersex infants and children and in cases of early trauma. In such cases, the infant may be assigned male or female, and may receive
2366:
2524:
165:
In most countries the healthcare provider's determination, along with other details of the birth, is by law recorded on an official document and submitted to the government for later issuance of a
999:, with legal rights as male or female depending on the characteristics that appeared most dominant. Under Roman law, a hermaphrodite had to be classed as either male or female. The 12th-century
2546:
2604:
1022:
techniques have changed and potential complications have become clearer, and in response to the outcomes and opinions of adults who have grown up with various intersex conditions.
218:
A 2006 consensus statement on intersex conditions also adopted the terms "assigned sex" and "assigned gender". Sex is assigned as either male or female, leading to specific terms:
1049:
allowed survival of infants with severe CAH for the first time. New hormone tests and karyotypes allowed more confident diagnosis in infancy and prediction of future development.
1026:
not match that of the external genitalia, their ability to understand and diagnose such conditions in infancy was too poor to attempt to predict future development in most cases.
1018:
With the medicalization of intersex, criteria for assignment have evolved over the decades, as clinical understanding of biological factors and diagnostic tests have improved, as
1011:, described how a hermaphrodite could inherit "either as male or female, according to that kind of sexe which doth prevaile." Legal cases where sex assignment was placed in doubt
6428:
6433:
2575:
200:
Sex assignment refers to the identification of an infant's sex at birth, typically based on observable physical characteristics. This is also known as gender assignment.
557:
2358:
540:
1622:
1426:
2435:
905:
satirizes clinical assessments of appropriate clitoris and penis length at birth, and the definition of ambiguous genitalia. It is based on research published by
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1742:
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208:
968:
Some infants are born with enough ambiguity that assignment becomes a more drawn-out process of multiple tests and intensive education of the parents about
932:
The number of births with ambiguous genitals is in the range of 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 4,500 (0.05% to 0.02%). Typical examples would be an unusually prominent
4292:
4140:
2336:
1712:
4190:
1733:"Intersex Awareness Day â Wednesday 26 October. End violence and harmful medical practices on intersex children and adults, UN and regional experts urge"
4685:
1720:
1452:; Lauzanne, Karl; Lee, Ellen (2000). "How Sexually Dimorphic Are We? Review and Synthesis". Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry.
2189:
6102:
64:
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371:
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5809:
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is consulted to confirm the tentative sex assignment. The expected assignment is usually confirmed within hours to a few days in these cases.
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1005:
states that "Whether a hermaphrodite may witness a testament, depends on which sex prevails". The foundation of common law, the 16th
Century
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Societally and medically, it is generally assumed that a person's gender identity will align with the sex assigned at birth, making them
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349:
17:
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2518:
2467:
E Coke, The First Part of the
Institutes of the Laws of England, Institutes 8.a. (1st Am. Ed. 1812) (16th European ed. 1812).
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A person of any age and irrespective of current gender whose sex was assigned as female at birth. Often shortened to
1843:
83:
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5214:
4447:
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First, Michael B.; Yousif, Lamyaa H.; Clarke, Diana E.; Wang, Philip S.; Gogtay, Nitin; Appelbaum, Paul S. (2022).
1897:
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A person of any age and irrespective of current gender whose sex was assigned as male at birth. Often shortened to
212:
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6297:
6270:
6112:
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4722:
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2547:"M/F and beyond, Gender registration by the state and the legal position of transgender persons. English summary"
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More visible adoption of the terminology of sex assignment has led to public debate and criticism. Mathematician
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Greenberg, Julie (1999). "Defining Male and Female: Intersexuality and the
Collision Between Law and Biology".
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claimed successful reassignment from male to female of a 17-month-old boy whose penis was destroyed during
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1715:; UN Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and other Cruel Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment;
880:
657:
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1150:(Fifth edition, text revision ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. p. 511.
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Juan MĂ©ndez, Special
Rapporteur on torture and other cruel inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
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5759:
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3013:
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2180:"Sex and gender: The medical establishment's reluctance to speak honestly about biological reality"
1042:
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183:. However, for a notable minority, assigned sex and gender identity do not coincide, leading to
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8:
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to confirm that assignment. These medical interventions have increasingly been seen as a
427:
32:
This article is about sex assignment in humans. For sex assignment in other animals, see
1786:"Neonatal Sex Assignment in Disorders of Sex Development: A Philosophical Introspection"
1278:"Fetal Sex Results of Noninvasive Prenatal Testing and Differences With Ultrasonography"
894:
violation due to their unnecessary nature and the potential for lifelong complications.
79:
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1499:"Assignment of the sex of rearing in the neonate with a disorder of sex development"
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2751:
2307:"Intersex Issues in the International Classification of Diseases: a revision"
2236:
2010:
1811:
1669:
1244:
996:
980:
The words "sex assignment" came into use in the late 1950s and early 1960s.
902:
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510:
459:
449:
291:
have argued against the "assigned at birth" terminology. In a 2024 op-ed for
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2002:
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10.1002/(SICI)1520-6300(200003/04)12:2<151::AID-AJHB1>3.0.CO;2-F
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2147:"The Debate About Sex Assigned at Birth | Psychology Today United Kingdom"
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2268:
United
Nations; Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (2015).
1054:
1033:
developed a basic understanding of the major intersex conditions such as
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792:
184:
3496:
925:. However, this claim was later shown to be largely false. The subject,
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918:
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305:
Assignment in cases of infants with intersex traits, or cases of trauma
284:
82:
if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and
2722:
1949:
1547:"Answers to Your Questions About Individuals With Intersex Conditions"
321:
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3113:
2830:
2600:
Australian
Government Guidelines on the Recognition of Sex and Gender
1046:
988:
984:
958:
782:
180:
2510:
Involuntary or coerced sterilisation of intersex people in
Australia
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1650:
Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
1225:
Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
933:
312:
173:
1589:
Hardacker, Cecilia; Ducheny, Kelly; Houlberg, Magda, eds. (2019).
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3612:
3541:
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3231:
3103:
1845:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM III)
946:
824:
772:
33:
1899:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV)
5264:
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5045:
5040:
5035:
4410:
4406:
4145:
3993:
3684:
3424:
3383:
3244:
2388:
Roller, Lynn E. (1997). "The Ideology of the Eunuch Priest".
3882:
2088:
Excluded: Making Feminist and Queer Movements More Inclusive
1391:"How common is intersex? a response to Anne Fausto-Sterling"
5434:
5123:
4267:
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4221:
3998:
3491:
3249:
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2614:
1448:
Blackless, Melanie; Charuvastra, Anthony; Derryck, Amanda;
777:
207:
The terminology has evolved across various editions of the
40:
5229:
4981:
4277:
3632:
3239:
2566:"Get gender off birth certificates, B.C. activists argue"
2507:; Community Affairs References Committee (October 2013).
1987:"Consensus statement on management of intersex disorders"
1755:
829:
2213:"Sex Assignment in Conditions Affecting Sex Development"
2211:
Markosyan, Renata; Ahmed, S. Faisal (30 December 2017).
1985:
Hughes, I A; Houk, C; Ahmed, S F; Lee, P A (July 2006).
1588:
1584:
1582:
2544:
2217:
Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology
2051:
Traversing Gender: Understanding Transgender Realities
1713:
UN Committee on the Rights of People with Disabilities
1933:"DSM-5-TR: overview of what's new and what's changed"
1930:
1592:
Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Health and Aging
1579:
1218:
1147:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
936:
in an otherwise apparently typical girl, or complete
209:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
2513:. Canberra: Community Affairs References Committee.
2448:
5160:
2545:van den Brink, Marjolein; Tigchelaar, Jet (2014).
1984:
4426:
4313:Termination of the patient-physician relationship
2597:Australia; Attorney General's Department (2013).
2449:Raming, Ida; Macy, Gary; Bernard J, Cook (2004).
2040:
2038:
1882:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
1170:
995:, referred to a person's sex as male, female, or
6515:
3206:
1777:
1738:Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights
1496:
2297:
1725:Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights
1721:African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights
1497:Mieszczak, J; Houk, CP; Lee, PA (August 2009).
1275:
6386:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
5810:2020s anti-LGBTQ movement in the United States
4938:
2317:
2271:Free & Equal Campaign Fact Sheet: Intersex
2210:
2035:
78:Please review the contents of the article and
5831:
4375:
3898:
3192:
2630:
2077:
2075:
2054:. Mystic Productions Press. pp. 50, 56.
1490:
1070:Challenges to requirements for sex assignment
856:
5454:Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures
3857:Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures
2549:. Ministerie van Veiligheid & Justitie.
2170:
1783:
6173:Timeline of sexual orientation and medicine
5683:Florida Legislative Investigation Committee
2424:"Decretum Gratiani (Kirchenrechtssammlung)"
1334:"Birth and Death Registration Completeness"
245:
39:"AGAB" redirects here. For the enzyme, see
6439:Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany
5673:Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany
4382:
4368:
3905:
3891:
3199:
3185:
2637:
2623:
2072:
2044:
863:
849:
5724:Front homosexuel d'action révolutionnaire
5556:History of Christianity and homosexuality
4522:
2476:
2323:
2293:
2291:
2244:
2018:
1958:
1948:
1819:
1801:
1729:Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
1699:
1697:
1677:
1522:
1301:
1252:
1214:
1212:
1210:
221:
6371:Discrimination against non-binary people
2540:
2538:
2536:
2534:
1854:10.1176/appi.books.9780521315289.dsm-iii
1637:
896:
5531:History of gay men in the United States
2527:from the original on 23 September 2015.
2261:
1908:10.1176/appi.books.9780890420614.dsm-iv
1761:Sexual health, human rights and the law
1749:
1709:UN Committee on the Rights of the Child
1643:
1174:Human Sexuality in a World of Diversity
1171:Rathus SA, Nevid JS, Rathus LF (2010).
14:
6516:
5882:List of LGBT rights articles by region
2442:
2438:from the original on 20 December 2016.
2387:
2329:"Why did David Reimer commit suicide?"
2288:
2105:from the original on 21 December 2016.
2081:
2068:from the original on 21 December 2016.
1745:from the original on 21 November 2016.
1694:
1401:(3). Scholarly Publications: 174â178.
1207:
6189:
6078:
5830:
5503:
4911:
4521:
4425:
4363:
3886:
3180:
2618:
2578:from the original on 18 November 2015
2531:
2313:from the original on 29 October 2015.
1980:
1978:
1864:from the original on 16 December 2023
1763:. Geneva: World Health Organization.
1429:from the original on 28 February 2021
1326:
1164:
6459:Unlawfully killed transgender people
6444:Acts of violence against LGBT people
6419:Capital punishment for homosexuality
5898:Capital punishment for homosexuality
2563:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1126:
47:
6524:Genital modification and mutilation
6454:Violence against transgender people
5849:LGBT rights by country or territory
1388:
913:Cases of trauma include the famous
756:Genital modification and mutilation
24:
5979:Legal status of transgender people
5430:Legal status of transgender people
2553:from the original on 4 March 2016.
2369:from the original on 3 August 2024
2351:
2339:from the original on 20 March 2022
2284:from the original on 4 March 2016.
2127:from the original on 3 August 2024
1975:
1625:from the original on 3 August 2024
1558:American Psychological Association
1382:
1105:American Psychological Association
1008:Institutes of the Lawes of England
320:
27:Process of discerning sex at birth
25:
6555:
5061:Third sex / Third gender
2607:from the original on 1 July 2015.
2451:A History of Women and Ordination
2192:from the original on 8 April 2024
1455:American Journal of Human Biology
1370:from the original on 17 July 2018
1338:Demographic and Social Statistics
1123:
6496:
6495:
6483:
6083:â Medicine, science and sexology
5913:Criminalization of homosexuality
5215:Attraction to transgender people
3772:Attraction to transgender people
3159:
3158:
2721:
2708:Sex characteristics (legal term)
1991:Archives of Disease in Childhood
1567:from the original on 24 May 2023
1276:Dhamankar Rupin (9 April 2020).
1195:from the original on 6 June 2021
1142:American Psychiatric Association
1111:from the original on 6 June 2023
387:Sex characteristics (legal term)
213:American Psychiatric Association
144:
52:
6366:Discrimination against lesbians
6298:Transgender people and religion
6113:Disability and LGBTQ identities
5667:Institut fĂŒr Sexualwissenschaft
2590:
2557:
2497:
2470:
2461:
2416:
2381:
2204:
2164:
2139:
2109:
1924:
1890:
1836:
1644:Witchel, Selma Feldman (2018).
1539:
1364:Intersex Human Rights Australia
1039:androgen insensitivity syndrome
945:to determine the presence of a
5483:Sexual practices between women
1856:(inactive 12 September 2024).
1646:"Disorders of Sex Development"
1441:
1352:
1269:
1221:"Disorders of Sex Development"
1219:Selma Feldman Witchel (2018).
1089:
1035:congenital adrenal hyperplasia
877:Intersex medical interventions
195:
169:and for other legal purposes.
80:add the appropriate references
13:
1:
6434:History of violence in the US
6429:History of violence in the UK
5908:Civil unions and partnerships
5778:Timeline of same-sex marriage
5479:Women who have sex with women
5459:Social construction of gender
3912:
3862:Social construction of gender
2428:Bayerische StaatsBibliothek (
1662:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2017.11.005
1595:. Cham: Springer. p. 3.
1360:"Intersex population figures"
1237:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2017.11.005
1082:
929:, later identified as a man.
6406:Violence against LGBT people
6307:Prejudice and discrimination
6123:Homosexuality and psychology
5795:Anti-Homosexuality Act, 2014
5730:Florida orange juice boycott
5444:Sexual practices between men
5329:Erotic target location error
3847:Sex as a biological variable
2953:International Intersex Forum
2742:Disorders of sex development
2644:
1705:UN Committee against Torture
1515:10.1097/mop.0b013e32832c6d2c
1294:10.1097/AOG.0000000000003791
1101:APA Dictionary of Psychology
613:International Intersex Forum
413:Disorders of sex development
7:
6168:Sexual orientation identity
6093:Autism and LGBTQ identities
5984:Transgender rights movement
5504:
5349:Gender and sexual diversity
4718:Queerplatonic relationships
2948:Intersex Day of Remembrance
2811:Civil society organizations
2564:Chan, Emily (26 May 2015).
2359:"Google Books Ngram Viewer"
2091:. Seal Press. p. 301.
1790:Journal of Neonatal Surgery
961:. In some of these cases a
881:History of intersex surgery
608:Intersex Day of Remembrance
496:Civil society organizations
65:reliable medical references
10:
6560:
6344:Grooming conspiracy theory
6293:Homosexuality and religion
5561:History of same-sex unions
4344:Institutional review board
3762:Androphilia and gynephilia
2905:Sex verification in sports
975:
874:
553:Sex verification in sports
265:designated female at birth
38:
31:
6539:Sex-determination systems
6477:
6404:
6306:
6214:
6210:
6185:
6088:
6074:
6011:
5903:Censorship of LGBT issues
5890:
5847:
5843:
5826:
5768:
5651:
5643:First homosexual movement
5622:
5581:
5516:
5512:
5499:
5440:Men who have sex with men
5306:
5188:
5151:
5059:
4947:
4934:
4907:
4814:
4771:
4543:
4539:
4517:
4443:
4421:
4321:
4245:
4199:
4111:
4078:
4050:
4022:
3974:Doctrine of double effect
3951:
3920:
3814:
3744:
3708:
3605:
3572:
3559:
3362:
3230:
3219:
3154:
3146:Sex differences in humans
3079:
2961:
2918:
2797:
2731:
2719:
2652:
1757:World Health Organization
1601:10.1007/978-3-319-95031-0
1407:10.1080/00224490209552139
963:pediatric endocrinologist
71:or relies too heavily on
6276:Suicide among LGBT youth
6128:Homosexuality in the DSM
5760:Bar Abanicos police raid
5740:Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS
5713:Festival of Light action
5693:Compton's Cafeteria riot
5526:History of homosexuality
4987:Non-binary / genderqueer
4844:Gay flag of South Africa
4448:LGBT topics in education
3310:Non-binary / genderqueer
2666:Compulsory sterilization
1920:– via DSM Library.
1872:– via DSM Library.
1784:Raveenthiran, V (2017).
1043:mixed gonadal dysgenesis
345:Compulsory sterilization
277:assigned gender at birth
261:female assigned at birth
249:Assigned female at birth
241:designated male at birth
211:(DSM) maintained by the
6544:Transgender health care
6283:Monuments and memorials
6271:Suicides of LGBT people
6003:Commonwealth of Nations
5835:Rights and legal issues
5474:Transgender health care
4065:Reproductive technology
3872:Transgender archaeology
2402:10.1111/1468-0424.00075
2229:10.4274/jcrpe.2017.S009
2151:www.psychologytoday.com
2003:10.1136/adc.2006.098319
1395:Journal of Sex Research
983:In European societies,
955:17α-hydroxyprogesterone
269:
6254:LGBT rights opposition
6163:Split attraction model
5661:Dance of the Forty-One
5572:Category:LGBTQ history
5541:LGBTQ history timeline
5449:Sexâgender distinction
5399:Human female sexuality
4733:Same-sex relationships
3867:Split attraction model
3852:Sexâgender distinction
3124:Non-binary recognition
2943:Intersex Awareness Day
2866:Ancient Greek religion
2789:Sexual differentiation
2430:Bavarian State Library
2117:"Definition of 'AGAB'"
1902:(4th ed.). 1994.
1848:(3rd ed.). 1980.
1366:. 16 September 2019 .
970:sexual differentiation
910:
798:Non-binary recognition
603:Intersex Awareness Day
465:Sexual differentiation
325:
237:male assigned at birth
225:Assigned male at birth
18:Assigned male at birth
6534:Intersex and medicine
6036:LGBT rights activists
6013:LGBT rights movements
5993:Yogyakarta Principles
5952:Assisted reproduction
5930:Intersex human rights
5790:Russian anti-LGBT law
5536:History of lesbianism
4992:Queer heterosexuality
4349:Human challenge study
4288:Scientific misconduct
4217:Jewish medical ethics
3842:Queer heterosexuality
2816:Fictional charactersâ
2757:Medical interventions
2713:Yogyakarta Principles
2698:Medical interventions
1803:10.21699/jns.v6i3.604
1450:Fausto-Sterling, Anne
1389:Sax, Leonard (2002).
900:
501:Fictional charactersâ
433:Medical interventions
392:Yogyakarta Principles
377:Medical interventions
324:
6324:Anti-gender movement
5755:Tasty nightclub raid
5703:Gay Liberation Front
5404:Human male sexuality
5275:Romantic orientation
5074:Balkan sworn virgins
4972:Gender nonconformity
4200:Cultural differences
4103:Genetic modification
3822:Anti-gender movement
3797:Romantic orientation
2390:Gender & History
2223:(Suppl 2): 106â112.
1015:over the centuries.
788:Anti-gender movement
558:at the Olympic Games
6259:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
5364:Gender essentialism
5162:Sexual orientations
4114:emergent situations
3574:Sexual orientations
3305:Masculine of center
2798:Society and culture
2434:. 5 February 2009.
1731:(24 October 2016).
1097:"gender assignment"
1057:were unsuccessful.
1045:. The discovery of
1013:have been described
917:, where sexologist
484:Society and culture
259:. Synonyms include
235:. Synonyms include
174:intersex conditions
6359:Liberal homophobia
6216:Societal attitudes
6194:Societal attitudes
6158:Conversion therapy
6081:Sexual orientation
6041:Rainbow capitalism
6031:LGBT rights groups
5940:Same-sex parenting
5891:LGBT rights topics
5604:pre-Columbian Peru
5280:Same gender loving
4926:Sexual diversities
4580:Bisexual community
4293:Medical misconduct
4258:Continuity of care
4141:Court intervention
4112:Death, dying, and
3921:Classic principles
3695:Same gender loving
3606:Alternative labels
2919:History and events
2479:Arizona Law Review
2121:Collins Dictionary
911:
326:
172:The prevalence of
6511:
6510:
6473:
6472:
6469:
6468:
6449:Stop Murder Music
6249:Gay panic defense
6229:Heteronormativity
6181:
6180:
6148:Prenatal hormones
6070:
6069:
6066:
6065:
5957:Same-sex marriage
5918:decriminalization
5822:
5821:
5818:
5817:
5784:Lawrence v. Texas
5718:White Night riots
5708:Handkerchief code
5495:
5494:
5491:
5490:
5384:Gender transition
5374:Gender neutrality
5369:Gender expression
5354:Gender assignment
5302:
5301:
5153:Sexual identities
5147:
5146:
4921:Sexual identities
4916:Gender identities
4903:
4902:
4899:
4898:
4622:Awareness periods
4595:Community centers
4513:
4512:
4357:
4356:
4191:Transplant ethics
4181:Health care proxy
4070:Gender assignment
3880:
3879:
3827:Gender assignment
3810:
3809:
3555:
3554:
3295:Gender neutrality
3174:
3173:
3119:Non-binary gender
3087:Children's rights
2962:Rights by country
2841:Intersex and LGBT
2747:Genetic diagnosis
2693:Malta declaration
2688:Legal recognition
2520:978-1-74229-917-4
2505:Australian Senate
2303:Carpenter, Morgan
2098:978-1-58005-504-8
2061:978-1-942733-83-6
1950:10.1002/wps.20989
1770:978-92-4-156498-4
1741:(Press release).
1610:978-3-319-95031-0
1503:Curr Opin Pediatr
1188:978-0-205-78606-0
1179:Allyn & Bacon
1157:978-0-89042-575-6
1002:Decretum Gratiani
987:, post-classical
873:
872:
751:Children's rights
626:Rights by country
516:Intersex and LGBT
418:Genetic diagnosis
372:Malta declaration
367:Legal recognition
167:birth certificate
160:gender assignment
153:
152:
129:
16:(Redirected from
6551:
6499:
6498:
6490:LGBTQ portal
6488:
6487:
6486:
6266:LGBT stereotypes
6234:Heteropatriarchy
6224:Amatonormativity
6212:
6211:
6187:
6186:
6153:Sexual inversion
6076:
6075:
5935:Military service
5845:
5844:
5828:
5827:
5551:Social movements
5514:
5513:
5501:
5500:
5255:Non-heterosexual
5158:
5157:
4945:
4944:
4936:
4935:
4909:
4908:
4884:Rainbow crossing
4723:Religious groups
4669:New queer cinema
4541:
4540:
4519:
4518:
4458:Lesbian feminism
4423:
4422:
4384:
4377:
4370:
4361:
4360:
4329:Informed consent
4298:Competence (law)
4246:Personal conduct
4151:Ethics committee
4032:Consequentialism
3952:Other principles
3907:
3900:
3893:
3884:
3883:
3670:Non-heterosexual
3570:
3569:
3228:
3227:
3201:
3194:
3187:
3178:
3177:
3162:
3161:
2851:Military service
2725:
2639:
2632:
2625:
2616:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2594:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2583:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2542:
2529:
2528:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2474:
2468:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2363:books.google.com
2355:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2295:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2276:
2265:
2259:
2258:
2248:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2185:The Boston Globe
2178:(8 April 2024).
2176:Dawkins, Richard
2168:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2085:(October 2013).
2079:
2070:
2069:
2042:
2033:
2032:
2022:
1982:
1973:
1972:
1962:
1952:
1937:World Psychiatry
1928:
1922:
1921:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1881:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1823:
1805:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1701:
1692:
1691:
1681:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1586:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1566:
1551:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1526:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1340:. United Nations
1330:
1324:
1323:
1305:
1288:(5): 1198â1206.
1273:
1267:
1266:
1256:
1216:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1138:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1093:
1031:endocrinologists
957:level, and/or a
888:intersex surgery
865:
858:
851:
309:
308:
294:The Boston Globe
251:
250:
227:
226:
148:
147:
139:
136:
130:
128:
94:"Sex assignment"
87:
56:
55:
48:
21:
6559:
6558:
6554:
6553:
6552:
6550:
6549:
6548:
6529:Human sexuality
6514:
6513:
6512:
6507:
6484:
6482:
6465:
6414:Corrective rape
6400:
6302:
6239:Homonationalism
6206:
6177:
6084:
6062:
6007:
5998:La Francophonie
5967:List of couples
5925:Hate crime laws
5886:
5839:
5814:
5764:
5698:Stonewall riots
5647:
5618:
5614:Medieval Europe
5577:
5508:
5487:
5298:
5285:Sexual minority
5203:Gray asexuality
5184:
5143:
5055:
4940:Gender identity
4930:
4895:
4810:
4767:
4535:
4509:
4439:
4430:Academic fields
4417:
4388:
4358:
4353:
4334:Informed assent
4322:Research ethics
4317:
4241:
4195:
4113:
4107:
4098:Genetic testing
4074:
4046:
4018:
3964:Confidentiality
3947:
3938:Non-maleficence
3916:
3911:
3881:
3876:
3806:
3757:Analloeroticism
3740:
3736:Heterosociality
3704:
3601:
3564:
3562:
3551:
3366:
3358:
3300:Gender variance
3290:Gender fluidity
3222:
3215:
3205:
3175:
3170:
3150:
3075:
2957:
2914:
2793:
2727:
2726:
2717:
2648:
2643:
2613:
2612:
2595:
2591:
2581:
2579:
2562:
2558:
2543:
2532:
2521:
2502:
2498:
2475:
2471:
2466:
2462:
2455:Scarecrow Press
2447:
2443:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2386:
2382:
2372:
2370:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2342:
2340:
2327:(3 June 2004).
2325:Colapinto, John
2322:
2318:
2305:, eds. (2014).
2296:
2289:
2281:
2274:
2266:
2262:
2209:
2205:
2195:
2193:
2169:
2165:
2155:
2153:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2130:
2128:
2115:
2114:
2110:
2099:
2080:
2073:
2062:
2046:Harrington, Lee
2043:
2036:
1983:
1976:
1929:
1925:
1918:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1875:
1874:
1867:
1865:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1782:
1778:
1771:
1754:
1750:
1702:
1695:
1642:
1638:
1628:
1626:
1611:
1587:
1580:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1549:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1495:
1491:
1446:
1442:
1432:
1430:
1387:
1383:
1373:
1371:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1343:
1341:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1282:Obstet. Gynecol
1274:
1270:
1217:
1208:
1198:
1196:
1189:
1181:. p. 168.
1169:
1165:
1158:
1139:
1124:
1114:
1112:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1085:
1072:
1063:controversially
978:
907:Suzanne Kessler
883:
875:Main articles:
869:
840:
839:
835:Sex differences
741:
733:
732:
628:
618:
617:
581:
570:
569:
485:
477:
476:
408:
397:
396:
340:
307:
289:Richard Dawkins
272:
252:
248:
247:
228:
224:
223:
198:
158:(also known as
149:
145:
140:
134:
131:
88:
77:
73:primary sources
57:
53:
44:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6557:
6547:
6546:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6509:
6508:
6506:
6505:
6493:
6478:
6475:
6474:
6471:
6470:
6467:
6466:
6464:
6463:
6462:
6461:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6410:
6408:
6402:
6401:
6399:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6362:
6361:
6351:
6346:
6341:
6336:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6316:
6310:
6308:
6304:
6303:
6301:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6285:
6280:
6279:
6278:
6268:
6263:
6262:
6261:
6251:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6226:
6220:
6218:
6208:
6207:
6205:
6204:
6199:
6196:
6183:
6182:
6179:
6178:
6176:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6089:
6086:
6085:
6072:
6071:
6068:
6067:
6064:
6063:
6061:
6060:
6059:
6058:
6053:
6043:
6038:
6033:
6028:
6026:Gay liberation
6023:
6017:
6015:
6009:
6008:
6006:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5989:United Nations
5986:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5970:
5969:
5964:
5954:
5949:
5948:
5947:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5921:
5920:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5894:
5892:
5888:
5887:
5885:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5853:
5851:
5841:
5840:
5838:
5837:
5824:
5823:
5820:
5819:
5816:
5815:
5813:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5780:
5774:
5772:
5766:
5765:
5763:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5735:Operation Soap
5732:
5727:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5663:
5657:
5655:
5649:
5648:
5646:
5645:
5640:
5635:
5629:
5627:
5620:
5619:
5617:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5599:Ancient Greece
5596:
5591:
5589:Adelphopoiesis
5585:
5583:
5582:Pre-modern era
5579:
5578:
5576:
5575:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5522:
5520:
5510:
5509:
5497:
5496:
5493:
5492:
5489:
5488:
5486:
5485:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5426:
5425:
5418:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5310:
5308:
5304:
5303:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5296:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5240:Heteroflexible
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5211:
5210:
5205:
5195:
5189:
5186:
5185:
5183:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5166:
5164:
5155:
5149:
5148:
5145:
5144:
5142:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5065:
5063:
5057:
5056:
5054:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5032:
5031:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5010:
5009:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4948:
4942:
4932:
4931:
4929:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4905:
4904:
4901:
4900:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4893:
4888:
4887:
4886:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4820:
4818:
4812:
4811:
4809:
4808:
4806:Rainbow plaque
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4781:Black triangle
4777:
4775:
4769:
4768:
4766:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4714:
4713:
4708:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4682:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4629:Film festivals
4626:
4625:
4624:
4614:
4613:
4612:
4607:
4600:Cross-dressing
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4576:
4575:
4570:
4562:
4561:
4560:
4550:
4544:
4537:
4536:
4534:
4533:
4528:
4515:
4514:
4511:
4510:
4508:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4486:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4453:Gender studies
4450:
4444:
4441:
4440:
4438:
4437:
4432:
4419:
4418:
4387:
4386:
4379:
4372:
4364:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4325:
4323:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4253:Abuse of trust
4249:
4247:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4203:
4201:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4166:Family meeting
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4117:
4115:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4084:
4082:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4056:
4054:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4028:
4026:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3955:
3953:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3924:
3922:
3918:
3917:
3910:
3909:
3902:
3895:
3887:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3818:
3816:
3812:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3787:Plurisexuality
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3748:
3746:
3742:
3741:
3739:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3716:Sociosexuality
3712:
3710:
3709:Social aspects
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3655:Heteroflexible
3652:
3651:
3650:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3609:
3607:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3578:
3576:
3567:
3557:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3537:Vakasalewalewa
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3406:
3405:
3402:
3399:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3370:
3368:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3329:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3236:
3234:
3225:
3217:
3216:
3204:
3203:
3196:
3189:
3181:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3168:
3155:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3106:
3101:
3100:
3099:
3089:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3071:
3061:
3059:United Kingdom
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2965:
2963:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2933:
2922:
2920:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2880:
2879:
2878:
2876:Hermaphroditus
2873:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2738:
2736:
2729:
2728:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2703:Sex assignment
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2673:
2671:Discrimination
2668:
2662:
2660:
2650:
2649:
2642:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2619:
2611:
2610:
2589:
2556:
2530:
2519:
2496:
2469:
2460:
2457:. p. 113.
2441:
2415:
2396:(3): 542â559.
2380:
2350:
2333:Slate Magazine
2316:
2287:
2260:
2203:
2163:
2138:
2108:
2097:
2071:
2060:
2034:
1997:(7): 554â563.
1974:
1943:(2): 218â219.
1923:
1916:
1889:
1835:
1776:
1769:
1748:
1693:
1636:
1609:
1578:
1538:
1489:
1462:(2): 151â166.
1440:
1381:
1351:
1325:
1268:
1206:
1187:
1163:
1156:
1144:, ed. (2022).
1122:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1071:
1068:
1029:In the 1950s,
977:
974:
938:cryptorchidism
915:John/Joan case
871:
870:
868:
867:
860:
853:
845:
842:
841:
838:
837:
832:
827:
822:
820:Medical ethics
817:
816:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
775:
770:
769:
768:
758:
753:
748:
742:
739:
738:
735:
734:
731:
730:
725:
723:United Kingdom
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
629:
624:
623:
620:
619:
616:
615:
610:
605:
600:
599:
598:
593:
582:
576:
575:
572:
571:
568:
567:
562:
561:
560:
550:
545:
544:
543:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
486:
483:
482:
479:
478:
475:
474:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
441:
440:
430:
425:
420:
415:
409:
403:
402:
399:
398:
395:
394:
389:
384:
382:Sex assignment
379:
374:
369:
364:
363:
362:
352:
350:Discrimination
347:
341:
332:
331:
328:
327:
317:
316:
306:
303:
287:and biologist
281:
280:
273:
270:
268:
253:
246:
244:
229:
222:
197:
194:
156:Sex assignment
151:
150:
143:
141:
60:
58:
51:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6556:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6521:
6519:
6504:
6503:
6494:
6492:
6491:
6480:
6479:
6476:
6460:
6457:
6456:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6411:
6409:
6407:
6403:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6391:Transmisogyny
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6360:
6357:
6356:
6355:
6352:
6350:
6347:
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6330:
6327:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6311:
6309:
6305:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6277:
6274:
6273:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6260:
6257:
6256:
6255:
6252:
6250:
6247:
6245:
6242:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6230:
6227:
6225:
6222:
6221:
6219:
6217:
6213:
6209:
6203:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6191:
6188:
6184:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6090:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6073:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6048:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6018:
6016:
6014:
6010:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5959:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5946:
5943:
5942:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5919:
5916:
5915:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5895:
5893:
5889:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5854:
5852:
5850:
5846:
5842:
5836:
5833:
5832:
5829:
5825:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5805:Rainbow Night
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5785:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5775:
5773:
5771:
5767:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5725:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5678:Cadet scandal
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5668:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5658:
5656:
5654:
5650:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5630:
5628:
5626:
5621:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5594:Ancient Egypt
5592:
5590:
5587:
5586:
5584:
5580:
5574:
5573:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5523:
5521:
5519:
5518:LGBTQ history
5515:
5511:
5507:
5502:
5498:
5484:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5464:Straight ally
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5424:
5423:
5419:
5417:
5416:
5412:
5411:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5394:Hermaphrodite
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5359:Gender binary
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5311:
5309:
5305:
5295:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5209:
5208:Demisexuality
5206:
5204:
5201:
5200:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5190:
5187:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5167:
5165:
5163:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5150:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5066:
5064:
5062:
5058:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5030:
5027:
5026:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5008:
5005:
5004:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4967:Gender bender
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4949:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4937:
4933:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4913:
4910:
4906:
4892:
4889:
4885:
4882:
4881:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4821:
4819:
4817:
4813:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4801:Pink triangle
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4774:
4770:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4703:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4686:Organizations
4684:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4661:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4618:
4615:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4565:
4563:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4542:
4538:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4523:
4520:
4516:
4506:
4505:Transfeminism
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4495:Queer studies
4493:
4491:
4488:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4470:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4442:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4427:
4424:
4420:
4416:
4412:
4408:
4404:
4400:
4396:
4392:
4385:
4380:
4378:
4373:
4371:
4366:
4365:
4362:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4324:
4320:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4250:
4248:
4244:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4198:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4131:Cardiac death
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4110:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4085:
4083:
4081:
4077:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4043:
4042:Virtue ethics
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3950:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3908:
3903:
3901:
3896:
3894:
3889:
3888:
3885:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3813:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3792:Postgenderism
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3782:Monosexuality
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3752:Allosexuality
3750:
3749:
3747:
3743:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3731:Homosociality
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3721:Antisexuality
3719:
3717:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3707:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3608:
3604:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3575:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3558:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3394:Bugis genders
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3365:
3364:Third genders
3361:
3355:
3352:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3321:
3318:
3317:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3285:Gender bender
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3275:Cross-dresser
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3233:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3218:
3213:
3209:
3202:
3197:
3195:
3190:
3188:
3183:
3182:
3179:
3167:
3166:
3157:
3156:
3153:
3147:
3144:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3064:United States
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2960:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2826:Gender system
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2784:Quigley scale
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2774:Phall-O-Meter
2772:
2770:
2767:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2752:Hermaphrodite
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2730:
2724:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2640:
2635:
2633:
2628:
2626:
2621:
2620:
2617:
2606:
2602:
2601:
2593:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2567:
2560:
2552:
2548:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2526:
2522:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2500:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2473:
2464:
2456:
2452:
2445:
2437:
2433:
2431:
2425:
2419:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2384:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2354:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2320:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2299:Cabral, Mauro
2294:
2292:
2280:
2273:
2272:
2264:
2256:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2207:
2191:
2187:
2186:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2152:
2148:
2142:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2112:
2104:
2100:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2084:
2083:Serano, Julia
2078:
2076:
2067:
2063:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2047:
2041:
2039:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1981:
1979:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1927:
1919:
1917:0-89042-061-0
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1900:
1893:
1885:
1879:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1839:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1780:
1772:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1752:
1744:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1700:
1698:
1689:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1640:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1593:
1585:
1583:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1548:
1542:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1493:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1456:
1451:
1444:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1385:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1355:
1339:
1335:
1329:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1272:
1264:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1194:
1190:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1167:
1159:
1153:
1149:
1148:
1143:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1092:
1088:
1080:
1076:
1067:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1021:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1004:
1003:
998:
997:hermaphrodite
994:
990:
986:
981:
973:
971:
966:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
939:
935:
930:
928:
924:
920:
916:
908:
904:
903:Phall-O-Meter
899:
895:
893:
889:
882:
878:
866:
861:
859:
854:
852:
847:
846:
844:
843:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
780:
779:
776:
774:
771:
767:
764:
763:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
746:Hermaphrodite
744:
743:
737:
736:
729:
728:United States
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
630:
627:
622:
621:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
597:
594:
592:
589:
588:
587:
584:
583:
579:
574:
573:
566:
563:
559:
556:
555:
554:
551:
549:
546:
542:
539:
538:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
491:
488:
487:
481:
480:
473:
472:
468:
466:
463:
461:
460:Quigley scale
458:
456:
453:
451:
450:Phall-O-Meter
448:
446:
443:
439:
436:
435:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
410:
406:
401:
400:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
361:
358:
357:
356:
353:
351:
348:
346:
343:
342:
339:
335:
330:
329:
323:
319:
318:
314:
311:
310:
302:
298:
296:
295:
290:
286:
278:
274:
266:
262:
258:
254:
242:
238:
234:
230:
220:
219:
216:
214:
210:
205:
201:
193:
189:
186:
182:
177:
175:
170:
168:
163:
161:
157:
142:
138:
127:
124:
120:
117:
113:
110:
106:
103:
99:
96: â
95:
91:
90:Find sources:
85:
81:
75:
74:
70:
66:
61:This article
59:
50:
49:
46:
42:
35:
30:
19:
6500:
6481:
6381:Riddle scale
6349:Heterosexism
6288:Queerbaiting
6143:Neuroscience
6133:Kinsey scale
6108:Demographics
5800:Rainbow wave
5782:
5770:21st century
5722:
5665:
5653:20th century
5625:19th century
5609:Ancient Rome
5570:
5420:
5413:
5379:Gender roles
5353:
5319:Detransition
5292: /
5193:Aromanticism
4711:Pride parade
4639:Gay-friendly
4500:Queer theory
4339:Human rights
4308:Incompetency
4093:Gene therapy
4069:
4052:Reproduction
3832:Gender roles
3826:
3777:Kinsey scale
3767:Aromanticism
3643:Gray asexual
3592:Heterosexual
3517:Sworn virgin
3487:Mukhannathun
3389:Binabinaaine
3163:
3134:Third gender
3129:Queer theory
3034:South Africa
2779:Prader scale
2769:Orchidometer
2702:
2676:Human rights
2658:legal issues
2654:Human rights
2599:
2592:
2580:. Retrieved
2569:
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912:
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884:
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2172:Sokal, Alan
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1199:5 December
1083:References
1059:John Money
993:common law
943:ultrasound
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793:Non-binary
761:Disability
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3628:Ex-ex-gay
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3337:Fakaleitī
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1812:2226-0439
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1320:215758793
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2246:5790324
2131:14 June
2020:2082839
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360:reports
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