917:
small plantations along the stream bed. The
Peruvian administration buildings were next to rock walls, with the market and the church at the very centre of the town. Militarily, the town buildings lay in what was effectively a wide ravine, on the west side of the ravine. A ridge leading up to a waterless, flat and barren plateau bordered the town to the west. To the east, running for several Km/Mi, were a series of rugged ridges and gullies. The ground to the east made any military manoeuvre in this direction extremely difficult. 6 km (3.7 mi) north east of Tarapaca, within the stream bed and astride any route of retreat from the town, lay the village of Quillaquasa. The town building themselves were adjacent to rising slopes at the north end of the settlement. These slopes formed an inverted V; for an army, effectively creating a dead end for any force that might advance through the town, simultaneously making such a force vulnerable to sniping from any buildings held in force in the town, or from soldiers shooting down on the town from the ridges to the north and west.
893:, 2 artillery pieces, 115 riders of the Cazadores a Caballo Cavalry Regiment. Vergara’s column took the road to Dibujo, camping about 20 kilometres (12 mi) from Tarapacá. Later, Arteaga was informed that the Peruvian numbers were greater than expected, so he sent another column made up of the 2nd Line and Artillería de Marina regiments, the Chacabuco Battalion, 30 more Cazadores a Caballo riders and another artillery battery. Next day, Chilean sentries of the vanguard division captured an Argentinean muleteer, who reported only 1,500 men at the town. In receipt of this news, Vergara asked Arteaga for instructions, his request creating great anxiety among Chilean High Command and troops. At this point, the Chilean commanders soundly underestimated the battle capabilities of the Allies. Arteaga did not properly prepare the Chilean forces dispatched for battle, meaning they carried insufficient amounts of food, water and ammunition, all of which had serious consequences later on.
900:
exhausted, thirsty and weary as his own men. Only that day, some of
Arteaga's Chilean troops had marched for nine hours, bringing to 30 hours the total time his men had marched across burning sands with little food or water. This arduous advance severely diminished the fighting capabilities of the Chilean troops, leaving them in poor condition for battle. Worse, since they were now 70 km (45 mi), across desert terrain, from the nearest source of Chilean supplies at Dolores, Arteaga realised that their only salvation was to attack. In addition, Arteaga continued to believe he faced only 2,500 Peruvian soldiers when in fact Arteaga's forces added up to just 2,281 men, around half the strength of Buendía’s contingent.
992:
entrance, was received by enemy fire. Incredibly, despite capturing Buendía’s intention to outflank him, he maintained his order and resumed his march as planned. The
Chileans came back for their surprise and charged into the town only to be shot at point blank range from every house and building, suffering heavy damage. When Ramírez ordered the retreat, the grenadiers renewed their charge and forced Caceres to reform and regroup at Visagra. More than 50% of his 2nd Line Regiment was disabled, counting only with two companies disposed on the den high borders. After being reinforced by these troops, the Peruvians withdrew to Tarapacá and the battle lapsed for the time being.
988:
Lima battalions of
Colonel Bedoya. His 1,500 men outnumbered the 400 men strong force of Santa Cruz. Thus, after 30 minutes almost one third of the Chilean column was out of combat, and lost its artillery, but managed to maintain cohesion and inflict several casualties as well. On the brink of annihilation, Arteaga came in to help Santa Cruz, charging an astonished Caceres and forcing him to stop his attack. Facing a defeat, the Chilean officers prepared the retreat, deploying the infantry guarding the remains of the artillery. But before even moving, the grenadiers sent by Santa Cruz to Quillahuasa returned and charged the Allies again, followed by the infantry.
868:'s soldiers marched to Tarapacá, the former administrative Peruvian capital of the department, to join Buendía. Buendía's army gathered at Tarapacá, reunited with Suárez, whose men had marched across the harsh desert terrain. When Buendía arrived at Tarapacá, he dispatched emissaries to gather more of those troops dispersed from the battle at Dolores. Within a few days, his force now numbering 2,000 men, on the 26th Rios's division arrived from Iquique with supplies, Rios's column supplementing the food and water already existing at Tarapacá. By now, 4,500 allied soldiers were stationed at Tarapacá.
129:
96:
849:
39:
963:
protected positions. He also disposed his infantry in a manner that allowed then to form a cross fire field (the
Peruvians would be shooting from covered positions, one man firing from the front and one from the flank or rear of any Chilean target, making it extremely difficult for Chilean forces as they advanced to find cover and return effective fire). Castañon’s artillery men were set on Visagra hill, to defend the den entrance, supported by the Arequipa Battalion.
1000:
second in command of the
Artillería de Marina Regiment formed 50 shooters along with two cannons and held the attack for an hour, until Arteaga realized the battle was lost and ordered the retreat. This was carried out with no order whatsoever, with soldiers moving to Dibujo and others to Isluga. The lack of cavalry prevented the Peruvians to inflict more severe casualties, saving the rest of Arteaga’s division. The battle was over and the Allied victory was total.
972:
172:
157:
141:
109:
946:
represented less than 20 per cent of his available forces. Additionally, Arteaga was under the impression that the allied force was in a similar physical condition as his own. Given the dispersal of the
Peruvian forces at the previous battle, encircling the enemy and then denying them an escape route promised the chance of a decisive outcome should the Chileans prevail.
984:
army could be vanquished by the
Chilean artillery that could fire on him from higher ground. He rapidly evacuated the town, putting his soldiers over the surrounding hills. Immediately, Peruvian forces under Cáceres climbed the hill at the northern end of the village as Bolognesi did the same on the southern end, towards Tarapacá.
999:
Dávila’s men appeared suddenly over
Huariciña; Herrera’s and Bolognesi’s divisions attacked the troops at the river, and at the eastern and western heights, surprising the Chileans again. After the first impact, the Chileans gathered up and made a run from the heights trying to evacuate the town. The
995:
Believing the battle was over, the
Chilean officers let their extenuated and thirsty men to abandon all order and move over the river. Almost without any ammunition, they were waiting for the night fall to return to Dibujo. But the Peruvian High command was planning a second attack, dividing its army
983:
Closing to his destination, Santa Cruz sent his grenadiers to take Quillahuasa, but they were sighted by the Peruvians advanced posts, which sounded the alarm. Strangely, Santa Cruz refused to use his artillery, losing the chance to overwhelm his enemy. Suárez, in command at Quillahuasa, realized his
899:
The reinforcements dispatched by Arteaga reunited with Vergara's troops on noon of the 26th at Isluga. As both Chilean divisions gathered, Arteaga arrived with additional forces to assume command. It appears at this time Arteaga thought, given the condition of his soldiers, the Allies too must be as
987:
At 10:00, the fog vanished and Cáceres division could easily climb Visagra hill and attack Santa Cruz’ column from his rearguard, isolating him from Ramírez and Arteaga. Cáceres division was formed by the Zepita and 2 de Mayo regiments, and later strengthened by the Ayacucho and Provisional Nº 1 of
991:
Meanwhile, Ramirez’ column was spotted by Bolognesi’s division, who deployed over the hills on the east, whilst Buendía garrisoned himself in the town. Ramirez’ progressed without inconvenience passing through Huaraciña and San Lorenzo along the river, but upon reaching a small mount at Tarapacá’s
1012:
On the Allied side, the victory had no effect on the general campaign. The Allies left Tarapacá, withdrawing north-west to Arica on the coast, moving through the area close to the mountains to avoid the Chilean cavalry attack. They marched during twenty days at the cost of six casualties. Hence,
945:
Equally, there are elements of the Chilean plan that make sense. Arteaga was operating under the mistaken impression that he outnumbered the enemy, so dividing his force into columns was not as significant an error as was evident after the event, especially as the column assigned the cut-off role
916:
The Tarapaca oasis was 70 km (45 mi) from San Francisco/Dolores. This commercial town was founded by the Spanish in the 16th century, using one of the Inca roads that link up the mountains with the sea. A little creek, formed by snow melting in the Andes, runs through the town, allowing
979:
At 03:30 Santa Cruz departed from Isluga while a dense fog covered the surroundings, and an hour later Ramírez and Arteaga began their movement. Disoriented by the mist, Santa Cruz and his column marched almost three hours in circles, losing precious time. When the sunrise showed that he was at
1008:
The Chilean army at Tarapacá suffered 692 casualties (men who were killed and wounded), representing 23.6% of the contingent present at the battle. Col. Eleuterio Ramírez and Bartolomé Vivar, first and second commanders of the Chilean 2nd Line Regiment, were killed in action; in addition, the
962:
that one column was advancing over the plateau and another one was moving towards Tarapacá’s den. Buendía ordered his vanguard to return from Pachica, 12 km/7.5 mi north of this position, concentrating his division on the town. Buendía set skirmishers in every building to fire from
941:
cannons (a force of 400 men) were to advance to Quillahuasa via the desert plateau to cut off Buendía's escape route. Col. Eleuterio Ramírez with 7 companies of his 2nd Line Regiment, one Cazadores a Caballo company and some artillery was ordered to enter Tarapacá from Huariciña, pushing the
1009:
regiment lost its banner. The defeat and associated perception of poor planning cost Arteaga his command, simultaneously strengthening War Minister Sotomayor’s prestige since this was the only action planned so far without him and it had resulted in a disaster.
925:
With the advantage of hindsight, there is a strong case to argue that the Chilean attack was poorly planned, since, despite being heavily outnumbered, Arteaga divided his force into three columns, thereby weakening even more any chance of victory. Col.
806:. Three Chilean columns of almost 3,900 soldiers attacked a numerically inferior Peruvian contingent of 3,046 troops at Tarapacá - 500 of which were at Quillahuasa, 1 hour away from the battlefield - commanded by Gen
942:
Peruvians from the south, following the broad course of the ravine. Finally, Gen. Arteaga with the rest of his forces would directly attack on the centre of the Chilean lines from the west, over Tarapacá.
864:
inflicted by an outnumbered Chilean contingent - which cost the Allies all their artillery - the remnants of the Peruvian army were scattered all across the desert, demoralized and almost leaderless.
909:
744:
606:
665:
778:
727:
417:
633:
737:
648:
548:
321:
482:
761:
707:
927:
811:
628:
643:
773:
692:
492:
271:
732:
722:
687:
682:
365:
756:
717:
677:
658:
638:
618:
883:
702:
826:
1533:
1363:
816:
697:
543:
382:
653:
553:
522:
487:
1340:
1325:
558:
1330:
896:
Vergara, meanwhile, gave little importance to supplying his troops properly. Instead, Vergara made a reconnaissance of the Peruvian positions.
1242:
264:
2111:
879:
asked Gen. Arteaga to dispatch a reconnaissance force to find out the enemy's condition as well as inspect the condition of the route.
840:. Despite the victory, the Allies could not contest for the domination of the Tarapacá department, abandoning it to Chilean control.
1373:
297:
1633:
1429:
408:
257:
2064:
1669:
2126:
980:
Ramírez’ rearguard, Santa Cruz resolved to continue to toward his assigned objective. Ramírez, meanwhile, marched to his own.
1659:
1601:
1199:
1180:
1152:
1133:
1643:
871:
Meanwhile, as these events unfolded, acknowledging that a column of exhausted Peruvians under Buendía had stopped near the
996:
into three columns, as to the Chileans, but with their greater numbers they weren't weakened as the Chileans had been.
1508:
573:
375:
2101:
1235:
392:
2106:
1822:
353:
1766:
1998:
1968:
2131:
1513:
568:
2008:
1853:
932:
360:
1711:
1335:
1228:
955:
343:
1948:
1215:
1528:
591:
1771:
1554:
712:
1863:
876:
672:
613:
2116:
2033:
1492:
1467:
475:
458:
348:
1482:
497:
2003:
1943:
1878:
1858:
1731:
1664:
1451:
861:
463:
1596:
429:
2121:
1736:
1402:
1320:
331:
316:
2043:
2038:
2018:
2069:
1893:
1716:
1701:
1606:
1477:
888:
387:
1903:
1776:
831:
1978:
1973:
1913:
1888:
1575:
1518:
882:
Hence, on 24 November Arteaga dispatched under Vergara’s command a party of 270 men of the
751:
578:
563:
507:
1963:
1928:
1674:
1441:
1436:
822:
821:
was the most damaged unit, losing almost half of its force, along with its commander Col.
799:
623:
446:
424:
176:
8:
1883:
1756:
1706:
1380:
959:
434:
306:
1741:
1559:
865:
336:
2028:
1848:
1726:
1523:
1251:
853:
803:
583:
439:
399:
281:
30:
1591:
1419:
1407:
1397:
1392:
1195:
1176:
1148:
1129:
502:
453:
370:
326:
311:
1983:
599:
1993:
1873:
1868:
1817:
1802:
1781:
1538:
908:
529:
180:
146:
1918:
1812:
2074:
1953:
1807:
1761:
1487:
1472:
837:
517:
512:
162:
2023:
1746:
807:
133:
1958:
1933:
1898:
1797:
1721:
1638:
2095:
2048:
1908:
1843:
1827:
536:
1751:
1161:
971:
937:
with his Zapadores Regiment, one company of the 2nd Line Regiment, and the
836:. The unit lost its banner, which was recovered six months later after the
38:
2013:
1938:
1923:
872:
64:
1988:
848:
1220:
249:
1277:
1602:
Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1904 between Chile and Bolivia
1053:
La Guerra del Pacífico en imágenes, relatos, testimonios, p. 245
1142:
1038:
912:
Andrés Cáceres, commander of the Peruvian Zepita Nº 2 Battalion
1293:
975:
Eleuterio Ramírez, commander of the Chilean 2nd Line Regiment
938:
171:
156:
140:
114:
954:
Buendía was well aware of the Chilean presence, notified by
1272:
128:
101:
68:
1013:
despite the defeat, Chile secured the Tarapacá province.
1145:
La Guerra del Pacífico en imágenes, relatos testimonios
1123:
1041:
La Guerra del Pacífico en imágenes, relatos testimonios
1162:
Gómez Ehrman, Sergio; Reyno Gutiérrez, Manuel (1985).
1189:
1170:
1534:
Boundary treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina
1364:
Expulsion of Chileans from Bolivia and Peru in 1879
1341:Boundary Treaty of 1874 between Chile and Bolivia
1326:Boundary Treaty of 1866 between Chile and Bolivia
2093:
1236:
1166:. Estado Mayor General del Ejército de Chile.
1126:Historia de la República del Perú (1822-1933)
1003:
265:
1192:Atacama, ensayo sobre la guerra del Pacífico
1331:Treaty of Defensive Alliance (Bolivia–Peru)
215:2,300 between infantry, cavalry and gunners
1243:
1229:
1143:Pelayo, Mauricio; Mellafe, Rafael (2004).
1039:Pelayo, Mauricio; Mellafe, Rafael (2004).
272:
258:
1070:
1068:
1374:Naval campaign of the War of the Pacific
1173:La Guerra del Pacífico, partes oficiales
970:
907:
847:
798:occurred on 27 November 1879 during the
1634:Torpedo boats in the War of the Pacific
1430:Land campaign of the War of the Pacific
856:'s "Historia de la Guerra del Pacifico"
163:
2094:
1670:Consequences of the War of the Pacific
1250:
1101:Historia del Ejército de Chile, p. 288
1092:Historia del Ejército de Chile, p. 283
1083:Historia del Ejército de Chile, p. 281
1074:Historia del Ejército de Chile, p. 279
1065:
1062:Historia del Ejército de Chile, p. 278
920:
279:
1224:
1164:Historia del Ejército de Chile, Vol V
1032:
949:
253:
16:1879 battle of the War of the Pacific
1644:Strategies of the War of the Pacific
1128:. Empresa Editora El Comercio S. A.
825:and his second in command, Lt. Col.
1147:. Centro de Estudios Bicentenario.
810:, resulting in a harsh defeat. The
13:
1043:. Centro de Estudios Bicentenario.
14:
2143:
2112:Battles of the War of the Pacific
1660:Chilean–Peruvian maritime dispute
1509:Battle of San Juan and Chorrillos
1209:
1175:. Editorial Estudios Americanos.
1124:Basadre Grohmann, Jorge (2005).
852:Battle of Tarapacá according to
170:
155:
139:
127:
107:
94:
37:
418:Loa Line and Altiplano campaign
1216:See The New York Times Article
1194:. Fondo de Cultura Económica.
1104:
1095:
1086:
1077:
1056:
1047:
1023:
903:
1:
2065:Abel-Nicolas du Petit-Thouars
1190:Cluny, Claude Michel (2008).
1171:Robles Diez, Enrique (2009).
1117:
843:
1823:Pedro José Domingo de Guerra
7:
1969:Cornelio Saavedra Rodríguez
1336:Peruvian Saltpeter Monopoly
10:
2148:
2127:History of Tarapacá Region
2009:Galvarino Riveros Cárdenas
1854:José Luis Araneda Carrasco
1529:Chilean occupation of Peru
1514:Chorrillos order of battle
1029:George v Rauch... page 136
1004:Aftermath and consequences
592:Chilean occupation of Peru
2057:
1836:
1790:
1767:Francisco García Calderón
1694:
1687:
1652:
1626:
1619:
1584:
1568:
1547:
1501:
1460:
1349:
1313:
1306:
1286:
1265:
1258:
966:
928:Ricardo Santa Cruz Vargas
812:Chilean 2nd Line Regiment
291:
221:
190:
120:
87:
47:
36:
28:
23:
1949:Eleuterio Ramírez Molina
1493:Order of Battle at Tacna
1468:Tacna and Arica campaign
1016:
860:Following a significant
476:Tacna and Arica campaign
2102:Battles involving Chile
2004:Juan Williams Rebolledo
1944:Pedro Julio Quintavalla
1879:Marcos Segundo Maturana
1772:Leoncio Prado Gutiérrez
1665:Puna de Atacama dispute
1555:Battle of La Concepción
1452:Battle of San Francisco
574:San Juan and Chorrillos
2107:Battles involving Peru
1999:José Velásquez Bórquez
1737:Lizardo Montero Flores
1712:Andrés Avelino Cáceres
1403:Battle of Punta Gruesa
1321:Atacama border dispute
976:
956:Andrés Avelino Cáceres
913:
877:José Francisco Vergara
862:defeat at Dolores well
857:
234:788 killed and wounded
121:Commanders and leaders
1894:Ignacio Carrera Pinto
1717:Mariano Ignacio Prado
1702:Miguel Grau Seminario
1607:Treaty of Lima (1929)
1483:Battle of Los Ángeles
1478:Bombardment of Callao
974:
911:
851:
738:Crossing of the Andes
222:Casualties and losses
161:Ricardo Vargas (
2132:November 1879 events
1979:Robert Souper Howard
1974:Roberto Silva Renard
1914:Alejandro Gorostiaga
1889:Estanislao del Canto
1597:Treaty of Valparaíso
1576:Battle of Huamachuco
1519:Battle of Miraflores
2044:Diego Dublé Almeyda
2034:Ramón Allende Padín
2019:Domingo Santa María
2014:Jorge Montt Álvarez
1884:Manuel Bulnes Pinto
1757:Juan Guillermo More
1707:Francisco Bolognesi
1381:Blockade of Iquique
960:Francisco Bolognesi
921:Chilean battle plan
619:Letelier Expedition
2029:Alberto Blest Gana
1904:Luis Cruz Martínez
1859:Luis Gómez Carreño
1849:Juan de Dios Aldea
1777:Luis Germán Astete
1732:Nicolás de Piérola
1727:Mariano Bustamante
1524:Occupation of Lima
1447:Battle of Tarapacá
1252:War of the Pacific
977:
950:Allied battle plan
914:
884:Zapadores Regiment
875:to rest. Lt. Col.
858:
854:Diego Barros Arana
804:War of the Pacific
796:Battle of Tarapacá
768:Arequipa-Puno Line
283:War of the Pacific
145:Luis Artega
43:Battle of Tarapacá
31:War of the Pacific
24:Battle of Tarapacá
2087:
2086:
2083:
2082:
1964:Óscar Viel y Toro
1929:Juan José Latorre
1683:
1682:
1675:Charaña agreement
1615:
1614:
1442:Tarapacá campaign
1437:Battle of Topater
1420:Battle of Pisagua
1408:Battle of Angamos
1398:Battle of Iquique
1393:Battle of Chipana
1302:
1301:
1201:978-968-16-7982-8
1182:978-956-8842-03-1
1154:978-956-8147-33-4
1135:978-997-2205-71-2
823:Eleuterio Ramírez
800:Tarapacá Campaign
791:
790:
786:
785:
447:Tarapacá campaign
248:
247:
241:Total casualties:
177:Eleuterio Ramírez
83:
82:
2139:
2070:Roque Sáenz Peña
1994:Gregorio Urrutia
1874:Orozimbo Barbosa
1869:Manuel Baquedano
1818:Mariano Baptista
1803:Ladislao Cabrera
1782:Emilio Cavenecia
1742:Melitón Carvajal
1692:
1691:
1624:
1623:
1560:Battle of Pucará
1539:Battle of Sangra
1311:
1310:
1263:
1262:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1222:
1221:
1205:
1186:
1167:
1158:
1139:
1111:
1108:
1102:
1099:
1093:
1090:
1084:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1063:
1060:
1054:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1036:
1030:
1027:
936:
892:
866:Belisario Suárez
835:
820:
569:Rinconada de Ate
530:Lynch Expedition
294:
293:
286:
284:
274:
267:
260:
251:
250:
185:
175:
174:
165:
160:
159:
151:
144:
143:
132:
131:
113:
111:
110:
100:
98:
97:
79:Peruvian victory
55:27 November 1879
49:
48:
41:
21:
20:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2136:
2117:Battles in 1879
2092:
2091:
2088:
2079:
2075:Otto von Moltke
2053:
1954:Enrique Simpson
1832:
1808:Narciso Campero
1786:
1762:Miguel Iglesias
1679:
1648:
1611:
1592:Treaty of Ancón
1580:
1564:
1543:
1497:
1488:Battle of Tacna
1473:Battle of Arica
1456:
1370:Naval Maneuvers
1345:
1298:
1282:
1254:
1249:
1212:
1202:
1183:
1155:
1136:
1120:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1066:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1019:
1006:
969:
952:
930:
923:
906:
886:
846:
838:Battle of Tacna
829:
827:Bartolomé Vivar
814:
792:
787:
596:
588:
483:Ilo and Pacocha
361:2nd Antofagasta
344:1st Antofagasta
287:
282:
280:
278:
243:
239:
238:8 guns captured
237:
235:
230:
228:
216:
211:
207:
205:
201:
199:
181:
169:
168:
154:
153:
147:
138:
126:
108:
106:
95:
93:
71:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2145:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2085:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
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2024:Aníbal Pinto
1752:Juan Fanning
1747:Juan Buendía
1446:
1426:Land Battles
1259:Participants
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693:Llocllapampa
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614:San Jerónimo
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388:Naval Battle
376:
366:Punta Arenas
354:
337:
332:Punta Gruesa
240:
208:
202:
196:
182:
148:
134:Juan Buendía
88:Belligerents
29:Part of the
18:
2039:Juana López
1939:Arturo Prat
1924:Pedro Lagos
1314:preliminary
931: [
904:Battlefield
887: [
830: [
815: [
733:Huamantanga
728:2nd Purhuay
649:Cieneguilla
634:1st Purhuay
549:Yerba Buena
498:Los Ángeles
349:3rd Iquique
327:2nd Iquique
307:1st Iquique
236:66 captured
229:261 wounded
2096:Categories
1989:Luis Uribe
1864:Juan Bravo
1414:Amphibious
1118:References
844:Background
762:2nd Pachía
752:Huamachuco
723:Tarmatambo
713:Concepción
708:2nd Pucará
688:Huaripampa
683:Sierralumi
673:1st Pucará
644:1st Pachía
579:Miraflores
564:El Manzano
508:Buenavista
430:Río Grande
400:2nd Callao
322:1st Callao
231:76 missing
227:236 killed
1688:Personnel
1653:Aftermath
757:Izcuchaca
718:San Pablo
678:Acuchimay
659:Guadalupe
639:Calientes
435:Quillagua
377:Pilcomayo
197:Tarapacá:
1356:Refugees
1307:Timeline
873:Tarapacá
774:Arequipa
703:La Oroya
629:Verrugas
493:Mollendo
488:Moquegua
469:Tarapacá
440:Tambillo
203:Pachica:
191:Strength
65:Tarapacá
60:Location
1791:Bolivia
1627:General
1620:Aspects
1278:Bolivia
802:of the
698:Chupaca
624:Sángrar
503:Locumba
454:Pisagua
393:Rupture
371:Angamos
338:Huáscar
317:Pisagua
312:Chipana
183:†
149:†
2058:Others
1585:Ending
1266:Allied
1198:
1179:
1151:
1132:
967:Battle
654:Motupe
554:Bujama
544:Chilca
523:Tarata
425:Calama
217:8 guns
209:Total:
179:
112:
99:
76:Result
1837:Chile
1294:Chile
1287:Chile
1017:Notes
939:Krupp
935:]
891:]
834:]
819:]
559:Humay
518:Arica
513:Tacna
383:Arica
355:Rímac
115:Chile
1695:Peru
1569:1883
1548:1882
1502:1881
1461:1880
1350:1879
1273:Peru
1196:ISBN
1177:ISBN
1149:ISBN
1130:ISBN
958:and
794:The
745:1883
666:1882
607:1881
584:Lima
102:Peru
69:Peru
52:Date
164:POW
2098::
1067:^
933:es
889:es
832:es
817:es
167:)
67:,
1244:e
1237:t
1230:v
1204:.
1185:.
1157:.
1138:.
273:e
266:t
259:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
