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The main provision of the bill was to set aside 12,225,000 acres (49,473 km) of federal land: 10,000,000 acres (40,469 km) for the benefit of the insane, and the remainder to be sold for the benefit of the "blind, deaf, and dumb", with proceeds distributed to the states to build and
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The bill is seen as a landmark in social welfare legislation in the United States. Pierce's veto established a precedent for federal non-participation in social welfare that lasted over 70 years, until the emergency legislation and
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The bill was part of the first wave of public mental health initiatives in the United States, which saw the establishment of asylums.
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The initial request, on June 23, 1848, had been for five million acres (20,000 km²), which was subsequently expanded.
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No further federal legislation on mental health occurred for over 90 years until 1946 when the
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Debates On The Land-Grant Bill For Indigent Insane Persons, February 21, 1854
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Manning, S. W. (March 1962). "The
Tragedy of the Ten-Million-Acre Bill".
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was passed, establishing federal mental health policy.
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