Birth rate - Knowledge

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declined 5.9 percent for Hispanic women, 2.4 percent for African American women and 1.6 percent for white women. The relatively large birth rate declines among Hispanics mirror their relatively large economic declines, in terms of jobs and wealth. According to the statistics using the data from National Centre for Health Statistics and U.S. Census Bureau, from 2007 to 2008, the employment rate among Hispanics declined by 1.6 percentage points, compared with declines of 0.7 points for whites. The unemployment rate shows a similar pattern—unemployment among Hispanics increased 2.0 percentage points from 2007 to 2008, while for whites the increase was 0.9 percentage points. A recent report from the Pew Hispanic Center revealed that Hispanics have also been the biggest losers in terms of wealth since the beginning of the recession, with Hispanic households losing 66% of their median wealth from 2005 to 2009. In comparison, black households lost 53% of their median wealth and white households lost only 16%.

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starvation, stress government welfare and family programs, and more importantly store up overpopulation for the future, and increase human damage to other species and habitats, and environmental degradation. Additional problems faced by a country with a high birth rate include educating a growing number of children, creating jobs for these children when they enter the workforce, and dealing with the environmental impact of a large population. Low birth rates may stress the government to provide adequate senior welfare systems and stress families who must support the elders themselves. There will be fewer younger able-bodied people who may be needed to support an ageing population, if a high proportion of older people become disabled and unable to care for themselves.

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today's low birth rate, as many women will not want to marry the oldest son, aware of his financial obligation to feed, clothe and shelter the aging parents. As a result, in 1988 the government banned doctors from telling expectant parents the sex of the fetus. Effective 1 January 2021, abortion has been decriminalized. Divorce is another deterrent to childbirth. Although divorce has been on the rise over the last 50 years, it hit families especially hard after the economic crisis in 1997; fathers abandoning their families because they could not financially support them. In addition, the abortion of female fetuses lead to a relative shortage of women, resulting in overall lowerall birthrate in the country.

733: 258: 481:. Bangladeshi women eagerly took up contraceptives, such as condoms and the pill, according to a study in 1994 by the World Bank. The study proved that family planning could be carried out and accepted practically anywhere. Caldwell also believes that agricultural improvements led to the need for less labour. Children not needed to plough the fields would be of surplus and require some education, so in turn, families become smaller and women are able to work and have greater ambitions. Other examples of non-coercive family planning policies are Ethiopia, Thailand and Indonesia. 934: 922: 990: 22: 4144: 963:

otherwise-steady decline in teen birth rates is the six percent decrease in birth rates for 15- to 19-year-olds between 2008 and 2009. Despite the decrease, U.S. teen birth rates remain higher than those in other developed nations. Racial differences affect teen birth and pregnancy rates: American Indian/Alaska Native, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic black teen pregnancy rates are more than double the non-Hispanic white teenage birth rate.

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usually two years. At the end of the contract, the deposit is refunded 100% back to the renter. Historically, landlords have invested the security deposit and banked on rising property values. But as inflation rises higher than the interest rates, property values plummeted. Recent government caps, aimed at protecting the renters from being victims of price gouging, restricted the profit the landlord can make on renewing the contract.

4132: 3626: 680:). Since the end of World War II, early family policy in France has been based on a family tradition that requires children to support multi-child family, so that a third child enables a multi-child family to benefit from family allowances and income tax exemptions. This is intended to allow families with three children to enjoy the same living standards as households without children. 519:

Salvador, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Colombia, Venezuela and Peru have all seen significant drops in fertility in the same period, all going from over six to less than three children per woman. Forty percent of married Brazilian women are choosing to get sterilised after having children, but this may be because it only requires

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have up to 20 percent fewer unmarried births than states that are lax about getting unmarried fathers to pay, the researchers found. Moreover, according to the results, if all 50 states in the United States had done at least as well in their enforcement efforts as the state ranked fifth from the top,

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There has been a dramatic decline in birth rates in the U.S. between 2007 and 2020. The Great Recession appears to have contributed to the decline in the early period. A 2022 study did not identify any other economic, policy, or social factor that contributed to the decline. The decline may be due to

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Latin America, of predominately Catholic faith, has seen the same trends of falling fertility rates. Brazilian women are having half the children compared to 25 years ago: a rate of 1.7 children per woman. The Vatican now has less influence over women in other hard-line Catholic countries. Mexico, El

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The United States population growth is at a historical low level as the United States current birth rates are the lowest ever recorded. The low birth rates in the contemporary United States can possibly be ascribed to the recession, which led families to postpone having children and fewer immigrants

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The Korean government offers a wide range of financial incentives to parents; however, many new parents, both mother and father, refuse to take full advantage of postpartum parental leave. Some fathers fear being ridiculed for taking "mom leave" while both working parents fear the stigma of "falling

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stated there was opportunity to go lower. With a good economic outlook for Australia, Costello held the view that now was a good time to expand the population, with his famous quote that every family should have three children "one for mum, one for dad and one for the country". Australia's fertility

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States strict in enforcing child support have up to 20 percent fewer unmarried births than states that are lax about getting unmarried dads to pay, the researchers found. Moreover, according to the results, if all 50 states in the United States had done at least as well in their enforcement efforts

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Since joining the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD) in 1996, South Korea's fertility rate has been on the decline. It recorded the lowest fertility rate among OECD countries in 2017, with just 1.1 children per woman being born. Subsequent studies indicate that Korea has

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in the country. Given strict family size limitations and a preference for sons, girls became unwanted in China because they were considered as depriving the parents of the chance of having a son. With the progress of prenatal sex-determination technologies and induced abortion, the one-child policy

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can also affect the birth rate, as untreated infections can lead to fertility problems, as can be seen in the "infertility belt" - a region that stretches across central Africa from the United Republic of Tanzania in the east to Gabon in the west, and which has a lower fertility than other African

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Other factors (such as women's labor-force participation, contraceptive technology and public policy) make it difficult to determine how much economic change affects fertility. Research suggests that much of the fertility decline during an economic downturn is a postponement of childbearing, not a

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A Pew research center study found evidence of a correlation between economic difficulties and fertility decline by race and ethnicity. Hispanics (particularly affected by the recession) have experienced the largest fertility decline, particularly compared to Caucasians. In 2008–2009 the birth rate

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having lower crude birth rates. Japan has an unbalanced population with many elderly but few young people, and this is projected to be more extreme in the future, unless there are major changes. An increasing number of Japanese people are staying unmarried: between 1980 and 2010, the percentage of

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In particular, the French income taxation system is structured so that families with children receive tax breaks greater than single adults without children. This income tax imposition system is known as the family coefficient of income tax. A characteristic of the family factor is that households

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Birth rates ranging from 10 to 20 births per 1,000 are considered low, while rates from 40 to 50 births per 1,000 are considered high. There are problems associated with high birth rates, and there may be problems associated with low birth rates. High birth rates may contribute to malnutrition and

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The average global birth rate was 17 births per 1,000 total population in 2024. The death rate was 7.9 per 1,000. The RNI was thus 0.91 percent. In 2012, the average global birth rate was 19.611 per 1,000 according to the World Bank and 19.15 births per 1,000 total population according to the CIA,

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Phil Ruthven of the business information firm IBISWorld believes the spike in fertility was more about timing and less about monetary incentives. Generation X was now aged 25 to 45 years old. With numerous women putting pregnancies off for a few years for the sake of a career, many felt the years

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ended, Iran saw the fastest recorded fall in fertility in world history. Revolution gave way to consumerism and westernization. With TVs and cars came condoms and birth control pills. A generation of women had been expected to produce soldiers to fight Iraq, but the next generation of women could

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was controlled until 2011 by an austere military junta, intent on controlling every aspect of people's lives. The generals wanted the country's population doubled. In their view, women's job was to produce babies to power the country's labour force, so family planning was vehemently opposed. The

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The total (crude) birth rate (which includes all births)—typically indicated as births per 1,000 population—is distinguished from a set of age-specific rates (the number of births per 1,000 persons, or more usually 1,000 females, in each age group). The first known use of the term "birth rate" in

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Abortion and divorce are other contributing factors for Korea's low birth rate. In the twentieth century, due mainly to Confucian beliefs and a strong desire to sire a son, female fetuses were being aborted. This strong desire to have a son as a first child has somewhat of an oxymoron effect on

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One example of Korea's economic crisis is the housing market. Tenants may choose to buy, rent, or use the Jeonse system of renting. Landlords require the renters to upfront as much as 70% of the property value as a type of security deposit, then live rent free for the duration of the contract,

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has the 11th highest birth rate in the world, and also the highest birth rate of any non-African country (as of 2016). The rapid population growth of Afghanistan is considered a problem when it prevents population stabilization and affects maternal and infant health. Reasons for large families

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Since the 1970s, the focus has been on supporting families who are vulnerable such as single parent families and the children of a poor family in order to ensure equality of opportunity. In addition, as many women began to participate in the labor market, the government introduced policies of

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has been successful in increasing fertility rates from the low levels seen in the late 1980s, after a continuous fall in the birth rate. In 1994, the total fertility rate was as low as 1.66, but perhaps due to the active family policy of the government in the mid-1990s, it has increased, and

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announced that the adolescent birth rate continues to decline. In 2013, teenage birth rates in the U.S. were at the lowest level in U.S. history. Teen birth rates in the U.S. have decreased from 1991 through 2012 (except for an increase from 2005 to 2007). The other aberration from this

470:. Apart from more children living into their adult years, women are often more ambitious to take up education and paid work outside the home, and to live their own lives rather than just a life of reproduction and unpaid domestic work. Birth rates have fallen due to the introduction of 908:(ONS) announced a 2.4 percent increase in live births in the Pakistan in 2010. This is the highest birth rate in the UK in 40 years. However, the UK record year for births and birth rate remains 1920 (when the ONS reported over 957,000 births to a population of "around 40 million"). 955:

decision to have fewer (or no) children; people plan to "catch up" to their plans of bearing children when economic conditions improve. Younger women are more likely than older women to postpone pregnancy due to economic factors, since they have more years of fertility remaining.

361:. Population concerns, as well as the desire to include women in the discourse, were discussed; it was agreed that improvements in women's status and initiatives in defense of reproductive health and freedom, the environment, and sustainable socioeconomic development were needed. 556:

As of 2017, Niger has had 49.443 births per thousand people. Japan has one of the lowest birth rates in the world with 8 per thousand people. While in Japan there are 126 million people and in Niger 21 million, both countries had around 1 million babies born in 2016.

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a medical insurance system that covers all medical expenses, hospitalization costs, and medical expenses incurred after six months of pregnancy as 100% of the national health insurance in the national social security system, and the statutory leave system during

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There has also been discussion on whether bringing women into the forefront of development initiatives will lead to a decline in birth rates. In some countries, government policies have focused on reducing birth rates by improving women's rights, sexual and

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which was in effect from 1978 to 2015). Policies to increase the crude birth rate are known as pro-natalist policies, and policies to reduce the crude birth rate are known as anti-natalist policies. Non-coercive measures such as improved information on

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has had a relatively low fertility rate, reaching a high of 3.14 births per woman in 1960. This was followed by a decline which continued until the mid-2000, when a one off cash incentive was introduced to reverse the decline. In 2004, the then

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introduced a non-means tested 'Maternity Payment' to parents of every newborn as a substitute to maternity leave. The payment known as the 'Baby Bonus' was A$ 3000 per child. This rose to A$ 5000 which was paid in 13 installments.

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The 2024 average of 17 births per 1,000 total population equates to approximately 4.3 births per second or about 260 births per minute for the world. On average, two people in the world die every second or about 121 per minute.

466:, equal access to education, and increased socioeconomic opportunities. Women of all economic, social, religious and educational persuasions are choosing to have fewer children as they are gaining more control over their own 757:

the population who had never married increased from 22% to almost 30%, even as the population continued to age, and by 2035 one in four people will not marry during their childbearing years. The Japanese sociologist

1193: 1016:). A parent's number of children strongly correlates with the number of children that each person in the next generation will eventually have. Factors generally associated with increased fertility include 40:

per 1,000 population for a given period divided by the length of the period in years. The number of live births is normally taken from a universal registration system for births; population counts from a

1859: 285:) seek to increase the birth rate with financial incentives or provision of support services to new mothers. Conversely, other countries have policies to reduce the birth rate (for example, China's 593:, as these countries are very poor, and it may seem counter-intuitive for families there to have so many children. The inverse relationship between income and fertility has been termed a 947:

shifting life priorities of recent cohorts that go through childbearing age, as there have been "changes in preferences for having children, aspirations for life, and parenting norms."

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gained considerable attention. Family programs were discussed, and 137 countries drafted a World Population Plan of Action. As part of the discussion, many countries accepted modern

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In August 2011, Taiwan's government announced that its birth rate declined in the previous year, despite the fact that the government implemented approaches to encourage fertility.

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In the 20th century, several authoritarian governments sought either to increase or to decrease the birth rates, sometimes through forceful intervention. One of the most notorious

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In Bangladesh, one of the poorest countries in the world, women are less likely to have two children (or more) than they were before 1999, according to Australian demographer

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Crude birth rate is a measure of the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 people in the population. It is normally used to predict population growth.

1044:. Many of these factors however are not universal, and differ by region and social class. For instance, at a global level, religion is correlated with increased fertility. 1201: 504:

wanted to revive. As of 2010, the birth rate of Iran is 1.7 babies per woman. Some observers claim this to be a triumph of Western values of freedom for women against

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Collet, M; Reniers, J; Frost, E; Gass, R; Yvert, F; Leclerc, A; Roth-Meyer, C; Ivanoff, B; Meheus, A (1988). "Infertility in Central Africa: infection is the cause".

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In many countries, the steady decline in birth rates over the past decades can largely be attributed to the significant gains in women's freedoms, such as tackling

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Child custody laws, affecting fathers' parental rights over their children from birth until child custody ends at age 18, may have an effect on the birth rate.

692:) for women with two children to ensure freedom of choice and reduce formal unemployment in order to promote family well-being and women's labor participation. 4036: 1863: 2515: 3243:"Regression Analysis of Collinear Data using r-k Class Estimator: Socio-Economic and Demographic Factors Affecting the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) in India" 3637: 2455: 1804: 1408: 1377: 3003:"uwnews.org | Tough child support laws may deter single men from becoming fathers, study finds | University of Washington News and Information" 2610: 2404: 1618:

Bulte, E; Heerink, N; Zhang, X (2011). "China's one-child policy and 'the mystery of missing women': ethnic minorities and male-biased sex ratios".

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choose to enjoy some newfound luxuries. During the war, the women of Iran averaged about 8 children each, a ratio the hard-line Islamic President

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After a relatively stable birth rate for thirty years, the number of live births per 100 women aged 15 to 44 resumed a decline beginning in 2008.

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on one occasion. Some observers claim this to be a triumph of modern Western values of freedom for women against states with Catholic values.

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of children per woman has dropped from 4.07 to 2.08. Tunisia has dropped from 4.82 to 2.14 and Morocco from 5.4 to 2.52 children per woman.

1500:"The remarkable story of Romanian women's struggle to manage their fertility | Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Healthcare" 428: 4061: 2427: 688:

financial support for childcare leave as well as childcare facilities. In 1994, the government expanded the parent education allowance (

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an infant child care allowance, family allowance and family allowance for multichild family, and a multi-element family pension scheme.

553:. Compared with the 1950s (when the birth rate was 36 per thousand), as of 2011, the world birth rate has declined by 16 per thousand. 3457: 407:). These policies temporarily increased birth rates for a few years, but this was followed by a decline due to the increased use of 4006: 3697: 2732: 542: 2191: 2021: 1308: 654:

On 1 March 2014, the baby bonus was replaced with Family Tax Benefit A. By then the baby bonus had left its legacy on Australia.

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Kligman, Gail. "Political Demography: The Banning of Abortion in Ceausescu's Romania". In Ginsburg, Faye D.; Rapp, Rayna, eds.

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In Europe as of July 2011, Ireland's birth rate was 16.5 per 1000 (3.5 percent higher than the next-ranked country, the UK).

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women of Burma opposed this policy, and Peter McDonald of the Australian National University argues that this gave rise to a

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coming to the US. The current US birth rates are not high enough to maintain the size of the U.S. population, according to

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with a large number of children, even if they are at the same standard of living, can receive more tax exemption benefits.

4066: 843: 411:. Ceaușescu's policy resulted in over 9,000 deaths of women due to illegal abortions, large numbers of children put into 2668: 748:

has the third lowest crude birth rate (i.e. not allowing for the population's age distribution) in the world, with only

395:, and legal discrimination against childless people. This policy has been depicted in movies and documentaries (such as 4136: 3268: 959: 815: 672:

France has embarked on a strong incentive policy based on two key measures to restore the birth rate: family benefits (

3549: 3186:"Differences in childbearing by time frame of fertility intention. A study using survey and register data from Norway" 3185: 1998: 884:

behind" in their professional careers. The South Korean corporate world is very unsympathetic to family needs.

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Islamic clerics are also having less influence over women in other Muslim countries. In the past 30 years Turkey's

1020:, intention to have children, and maternal support. Factors generally associated with decreased fertility include 822: 4107: 4041: 2242: 2205: 939:

The fertility rate in the U.S. has been in a downward trend, and is now below the replacement rate of 2.1 births.

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include tradition, religion, the different roles of men and women, and the cultural desire to have several sons.

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as the state ranked fifth from the top, that would have led to a 20 percent reduction in out-of-wedlock births.

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by the notion that greater means would enable the production of more offspring as suggested by the influential

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in homes and schools. Ultimately, this aggressive natalist policy led to a generation who eventually led the

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Norwood, Carolette (2009). "Re-thinking the integration of women in population development initiatives".

3060: 2745:"Fertility of Men and Women Aged 15–49 in the United States: National Survey of Family Growth, 2015–2019" 1557:

Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1995 :234-255. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/49442.

796: 478: 330: 3407: 1469:"Europe the continent with the lowest fertility | Human Reproduction Update | Oxford Academic" 3953: 3366: 2559:

SOUTH KOREA Economy Crashing as Unique Jeonse Rental Market Implodes & Population Decline Continues

2374:이(Yi), 문숙(Moun Souk) (Winter 2016). "프랑스의 저출산 문제 해소 요인 (Resolved Factors to Low Fertility in France)". 2352:이(Yi), 문숙(Moun Souk) (Winter 2016). "프랑스의 저출산 문제 해소 요인 (Resolved Factors to Low Fertility in France)". 2328:이(Yi), 문숙(Moun Souk) (Winter 2016). "프랑스의 저출산 문제 해소 요인 (Resolved Factors to Low Fertility in France)". 2304:이(Yi), 문숙(Moun Souk) (Winter 2016). "프랑스의 저출산 문제 해소 요인 (Resolved Factors to Low Fertility in France)". 2160: 1123: 1033: 1025: 811: 2131: 2104: 1754: 342: 3863: 3687: 1080: 749: 644: 538: 374: 277:

The birth rate is an issue of concern and policy for national governments. Some (including those of

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There are many factors that interact in complex ways, influencing the birth rates of a population.

69: 3080:"Cross-National Patterns of Intergenerational Continuities in Childbearing in Developed Countries" 4188: 3810: 996:

map. Darker is higher. Countries with a higher HDI usually have a lower birth rate, known as the

993: 789: 295: 3028: 2754:(179). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics: 1–22. 3979: 3937: 3932: 3815: 3692: 443: 319: 4046: 3910: 3749: 520: 657:

In 2016, Australia's fertility rate has only decreased slightly to 1.91 children per woman.

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and social change its population growth declines, with birth rates serving as an indicator.

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broken its own record and that the fertility rate has fallen to below one child per woman.

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in the 1990s (when many orphanages were closed and the children ended on the streets), and

392: 323: 3202:"Wealth modifies relationships between kin and women's fertility in high-income countries" 3190:

Part of the research project Family Dynamics, Fertility Choices and Family Policy (FAMDYN)

765:" for unmarried adults in their late 20s and 30s who continue to live with their parents. 388: 257: 8: 4147: 3925: 3756: 3707: 3650: 3295:"Stalls in Africa's fertility decline partly result from disruptions in female education" 2636: 1047: 1041: 1005: 638:

At a time when Australia's unemployment was at a 28-year low of 5.2%, the then Treasurer

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rate reached a peak of 1.95 children per woman in 2010, a 30-year high, although still

566: 533: 350: 2926: 4026: 3900: 3793: 3702: 3594: 3496: 3492: 3342: 3324: 3223: 3166: 3117: 3099: 2830: 2755: 2705: 2664: 2543: 2529: 2232: 1784: 1733: 1708: 1683: 1658: 1639: 1631: 1592: 1572: 1521: 1239: 1086: 631: 384: 58: 3508: 2955: 1533: 1476: 4102: 4097: 3883: 3878: 3761: 3717: 3582: 3488: 3375: 3332: 3314: 3213: 3156: 3148: 3107: 3091: 2978:"CDC Data & Statistics | Feature: Teen Birth Rates Declined Again in 2009" 2820: 2521: 2493: 2279: 1627: 1511: 1105: 989: 435: 408: 286: 65: 3601: 3137:"Religiosity and Fertility in the United States: The Role of Fertility Intentions" 21: 4183: 4112: 3873: 3613: 3095: 2744: 2460: 2399: 1223: 762: 550: 471: 455: 439: 416: 311: 54: 3550:

United Nations World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision Population Database

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Placard showing negative effects of lack of family planning and having too many

4117: 2700: 1516: 1111: 639: 602: 459: 50: 3586: 3380: 3361: 2557: 1040:, women's rights, access to family planning services and (to a lesser degree) 4162: 3856: 3805: 3328: 3227: 3103: 2834: 2432: 1059: 972: 505: 496: 463: 346: 315: 291: 72:(RNI). This is equal to the rate of population change (excluding migration). 3319: 3218: 3201: 1499: 61:. The estimated average population may be taken as the mid-year population. 3905: 3362:"Fertility, female labor force participation, and the demographic dividend" 3346: 3170: 3121: 2759: 2673: 2488: 1960: 1935: 1525: 489: 420: 46: 3500: 1261: 442:. This policy has also been deemed responsible for the common practice of 3788: 3183: 2825: 2808: 1017: 613: 2525: 1063:

that would have led to a 20 percent reduction in out-of-wedlock births.

3673: 3152: 2237: 2201: 2044: 1055: 1029: 803: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 310:. Typically, high birth rates are associated with health problems, low 299: 37: 1497: 3843: 3360:

Bloom, David; Canning, David; Fink, Günther; Finlay, Jocelyn (2009).

2071:"IRIN | High birth rate killing mothers, infants - UNFPA expert" 626: 447: 334: 294:

and its availability have achieved good results in countries such as

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Conceiving the New World Order: The Global Politics of Reproduction.

778: 3915: 3838: 3799: 2586:"South Korea has so few babies it is offering new parents $ 10,500" 546: 380: 358: 282: 270: 3293:

Lutz, Wolfgang; Goujon, Anne; Kebede, Endale (19 February 2019).

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List of sovereign states and dependencies by total fertility rate

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trade in contraceptives, smuggled in from neighbouring Thailand.

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is subtracted from the crude birth rate (CBR), the result is the

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http://www.childtrends.org/?indicators=fertility-and-birth-rates

2809:"The Puzzle of Falling US Birth Rates since the Great Recession" 1860:"Crude Birth Rates – The World and its Major Regions, 1950–2050" 1145:

List of sovereign states and dependent territories by birth rate

3820: 3625: 2428:"Ireland has one of highest birth and lowest death rates in EU" 1240:"Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) | Data | Table" 753: 665: 589:

have the highest birth rates in the world. This is part of the

582: 578: 354: 266: 42: 3269:"Female Education and Childbearing: A Closer Look at the Data" 2807:

Kearney, Melissa S.; Levine, Phillip B.; Pardue, Luke (2022).

2045:"Afghanistan: Population Boom Threatens Stabilization Chances" 1114: – Demographic transition of Japan that commenced in 1888 3642: 745: 737: 570: 438:, in effect from 1978 to 2015, which included abuses such as 434:

In stark contrast to Ceaușescu's natalist policy was China's

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World historical and projected crude birth rates (1950–2050)

2901:"In a Down Economy, Fewer Births | Pew Research Center" 2611:"South Korea: Abortion Decriminalized since January 1, 2021" 2456:"Japan's population dilemma, in a single-occupancy nutshell" 16:

Total number of live births per 1,000 divided by time period

3061:"U.S. Birth Rate Not High Enough To Keep Population Stable" 2669:"Call for more midwives as birth rate reaches 40-year high" 2637:"BBC News – Taiwanese birth rate plummets despite measures" 1498:

Mihai Horga; Caitlin Gerdts; Malcolm Potts (January 2013).

574: 3432:"Eurostat - Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table" 2743:

Martinez, Gladys M.; Daniels, Kimberly (10 January 2023).

2733:"The modern family size is changing. Four charts show how" 1226:"; Economic Geography Glossary at University of Washington 2710: 3241:

Rai, Piyush Kant; Pareek, Sarla; Joshi, Hemlata (2013).

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is only 8.3 per thousand, lower than the UK and France.

1593:"China forced abortion photo sparks outrage - BBC News" 1504:

Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care

1133:

Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets

545:(only men are allowed to be Catholic priests) that the 4037:

International Conference on Population and Development

3563: 3478: 3359: 3184:

Lars Dommermuth; Jane Klobas; Trude Lappegård (2014).

245:

compared to 20.09 per 1,000 total population in 2007.

2482:

Wiseman, Paul (2 June 2004). Nishiwaki, Naoko (ed.).

2376:한국콘텐츠학회논문지(Journal of the Korea Contents Association) 2354:한국콘텐츠학회논문지(Journal of the Korea Contents Association) 2330:한국콘텐츠학회논문지(Journal of the Korea Contents Association) 2306:한국콘텐츠학회논문지(Journal of the Korea Contents Association) 2272:한국콘텐츠학회논문지(Journal of the Korea Contents Association) 569:

has the highest birth rate in the world. As of 2016,

2741:

NBC's Graphic: Joe Murphy. ● Bendix and Murphy cite

3557:

Longman Dictionary of Geography, Human and Physical

3458:"WHO - Mother or nothing: the agony of infertility" 2806: 2782:"Births dropped in 2023, ending pandemic baby boom" 2517:

Rejuvenating Korea: Policies for a Changing Society

1566: 669:maintained an average of 2.0 from 2008 until 2015. 2849:"Economic turmoil taking its toll on childbearing" 2192:"Economy will nurture population growth: Costello" 1991:"The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency" 1911:"Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) | Data" 1886:"Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) | Data" 1805:"The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency" 1567:Levitt & Dubner, Steven & Stephen (2005). 1352:"Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) | Data" 740:(1920–2010) with projected population (2011–2060). 387:in 1967–1990, during the time of communist leader 3193: 2663: 2039: 2037: 2026:(6 ed.), London: John Murray, archived from 1732:. London: Eden Project Books. pp. P137–139. 1682:. London: Eden Project Books. pp. P133–136. 1617: 1309:"UNdata: Crude birth rate (per 1,000 population)" 415:by parents who could not cope with raising them, 4160: 3292: 2724: 1413:Central Intelligence Agency - The World Factbook 1382:Central Intelligence Agency - The World Factbook 651:closing in and their biological clocks ticking. 3299:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2742: 2615:Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA 1835:"Crude birth rate (Births per 1000 population)" 978: 3240: 2773: 2034: 1194:"Data - Population and Demographic Indicators" 1083: – Practice of controlling rate of growth 322:theory postulates that as a country undergoes 3658: 3397:"Economic geography, fertility and migration" 3199: 3134: 2731:Bendix, Aria; Murphy, Joe (12 January 2023). 1783:. London: Eden Project Books. pp. P140. 1707:. London: Eden Project Books. pp. P136. 1657:. London: Eden Project Books. pp. P131. 1547: 1415:. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from 1384:. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from 1089: – Increasing median age in a population 2730: 2659: 2657: 2155: 2153: 1839:Crude brth rate (births per 1000 population) 1332: 1330: 1234: 1232: 1169:"Definitions and Notes - The World Factbook" 537:, who presumably get their figures from the 4062:United Nations world population conferences 2997: 2995: 1620:Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 474:clinics and other access to contraception. 3975:Population and housing censuses by country 3665: 3651: 3638:CIA World Factbook Birth Rate List by Rank 3071: 2950: 2948: 2946: 2944: 2873: 1985: 1983: 1981: 676:) and a family-coefficient of income tax ( 3379: 3336: 3318: 3217: 3160: 3111: 2824: 2701:"Go Figure: When was the real baby boom?" 2698: 2654: 2395:"Germany faces up to its kinder surprise" 2283: 2150: 1515: 1327: 1229: 863:Learn how and when to remove this message 3698:Estimates of historical world population 3388: 3043:"Population gains at near-historic lows" 2992: 2874:Livingston, Gretchen (12 October 2011). 2392: 2126: 2124: 2122: 1120: – Overview of aging in South Korea 988: 731: 451:gradually turned into a one-son policy. 256: 20: 3572: 3266: 3234: 2941: 2481: 2453: 2023:An Essay on the Principle of Population 2019: 1978: 526: 49:techniques. The birth rate (along with 4161: 3564:Douglas, Ian; Richard Huggett (2007). 3554: 3135:Hayford, S. R.; Morgan, S. P. (2008). 3077: 3029:"Baby bust: U.S. births at record low" 2699:Blastland, Michael (2 February 2012). 1778: 1727: 1702: 1677: 1652: 1571:. London: Penguin Group. p. 107. 318:for women and low educational levels. 3646: 3523:"Indicator Metadata Registry Details" 2802: 2800: 2798: 2796: 2779: 2407:from the original on 24 November 2011 2373: 2369: 2367: 2351: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2327: 2323: 2321: 2319: 2303: 2299: 2297: 2295: 2265: 2261: 2259: 2233:"Costello takes credit for baby boom" 2189: 2119: 1961:"Population Pyramid of Niger in 2016" 1936:"Population Pyramid of Japan in 2016" 1752: 1406: 1375: 1095: – Concept in human demographics 560: 368: 45:, and estimation through specialized 4131: 3394: 2513: 2425: 2266:이(Yi), 문숙(Moun Souk) (Winter 2016). 2230: 1108: – Overview of ageing in Europe 801:adding citations to reliable sources 772: 4067:Voluntary Human Extinction Movement 3566:Companion Encyclopedia of Geography 3267:Pradhan, Elina (24 November 2015). 3200:Schaffnit, S. B.; Sear, R. (2014). 2788:from the original on 27 April 2024. 2634: 2454:Yoshida, Reiji (31 December 2015). 1066: 13: 2793: 2752:National Health Statistics Reports 2583: 2364: 2340: 2316: 2292: 2256: 2171:from the original on 17 March 2016 1378:"FIELD LISTING :: BIRTH RATE" 1131: – Aging population of Russia 960:U.S. National Institutes of Health 690:l'allocation parentale d'éducation 14: 4200: 3959:Population and Development Review 3619: 2876:"In a Down Economy, Fewer Births" 2769:from the original on 3 June 2023. 2739:from the original on 3 June 2023. 2679:Guardian News & Media Limited 2520:. Gender Equality at Work. OECD. 2393:McGreevy, Ronan (9 August 2011). 2190:McKew, Maxine (9 December 2004). 899: 549:has the lowest birth rate of any 4143: 4142: 4130: 4007:Population concern organizations 3713:Projections of population growth 3624: 3084:Biodemography and Social Biology 2813:Journal of Economic Perspectives 2484:"No sex please – we're Japanese" 1632:10.1111/j.1468-0084.2010.00601.x 932: 920: 911: 777: 4108:Human impact on the environment 4042:Population Action International 3515: 3472: 3450: 3424: 3395:Sato, Yasuhiro (30 July 2006), 3353: 3286: 3260: 3177: 3128: 3053: 3035: 3021: 2970: 2919: 2893: 2867: 2841: 2692: 2628: 2603: 2577: 2550: 2507: 2475: 2447: 2419: 2386: 2243:Australian Broadcast Commission 2224: 2206:Australian Broadcast Commission 2183: 2089: 2063: 2020:Malthus, Thomas Robert (1826), 2013: 1953: 1928: 1903: 1878: 1852: 1827: 1797: 1772: 1746: 1721: 1696: 1671: 1646: 1585: 1560: 1491: 1461: 1445:. 24 March 2015. Archived from 1431: 1400: 1369: 788:needs additional citations for 4057:United Nations Population Fund 3672: 3602:World Birth rate by IndexMundi 2780:Saric, Ivana (25 April 2024). 2132:"Australian Population (Live)" 1344: 1315:. United Nations. 17 June 2019 1301: 1276: 1254: 1216: 1186: 1161: 906:Office for National Statistics 768: 608: 495:In 1990, five years after the 252: 36:, is the total number of live 1: 3543: 2635:Sui, Cindy (15 August 2011). 2231:Hall, Ashley (27 June 2007). 2103:. 29 May 2012. Archived from 1008:have a lower birth rate than 985:Fertility factor (demography) 83:UN, medium variant, 2019 rev. 3493:10.1016/0020-7292(88)90340-2 3096:10.1080/19485565.2013.833779 2426:Daly, Susan (29 July 2011). 1409:"FIELD LISTING - BIRTH RATE" 1262:"birthrate: Definition from" 1129:Demographic crisis of Russia 979:Factors affecting birth rate 620: 398:4 Months, 3 Weeks and 2 Days 314:, low living standards, low 237: 231: 223: 217: 209: 203: 195: 189: 181: 175: 167: 161: 153: 147: 139: 133: 125: 119: 111: 105: 57:rates) is used to calculate 7: 4082:World Population Foundation 4072:World Population Conference 3985:World population milestones 2790:Axios credits CDC for data. 2285:10.5392/jkca.2016.16.01.558 2161:"The Baby Bonus Generation" 1862:. uneca.org. Archived from 1439:"Fertility and Birth Rates" 1074: 446:which led to an imbalanced 331:World Population Conference 10: 4205: 3954:Population and Environment 3404:Journal of Urban Economics 3367:Journal of Economic Growth 1517:10.1136/jfprhc-2012-100498 1124:Aging of the United States 1026:female labor participation 982: 719: 707: 674:les allocations familiales 506:states with Islamic values 372: 4126: 4090: 4015: 3967: 3946: 3864:Human population planning 3829: 3775: 3726: 3688:Demographics of the world 3680: 3587:10.1080/09614520903122352 3381:10.1007/s10887-009-9039-9 1753:Staff (22 October 2016). 1473:Humupd.oxfordjournals.org 1407:Staff (6 December 2007). 1284:"Definition of Birthrate" 1081:Human population planning 891: 750:Saint Pierre and Miquelon 660: 539:World Health Organization 375:Human population planning 3869:Compulsory sterilization 3078:Murphy, Michael (2013). 3031:. CNN. 6 September 2014. 2514:OECD (28 October 2019). 1155: 1010:underdeveloped countries 998:fertility-income paradox 727: 591:fertility-income paradox 70:rate of natural increase 3811:Malthusian growth model 3575:Development in Practice 3320:10.1073/pnas.1717288116 3250:Journal of Data Science 1288:www.merriam-webster.com 994:Human Development Index 904:In July 2011, the UK's 736:Historic population of 531:According to the CIA's 25:Countries by birth rate 3938:Zero population growth 3933:Sustainable population 3857:Malthusian catastrophe 3816:Overshoot (population) 3693:Demographic transition 3568:. New York: Routledge. 3555:Audrey, Clark (1985). 2980:. Cdc.gov. 1 July 2011 2956:"About Teen Pregnancy" 2929:. Nih.gov. 7 July 2011 1001: 741: 645:below replacement rate 595:demographic-economic " 444:sex-selective abortion 404:Children of the Decree 393:taxes on childlessness 320:Demographic transition 274: 26: 4174:Demographic economics 4047:Population Connection 3911:Mere addition paradox 3750:Physiological density 3633:at Wikimedia Commons 3481:Int J Gynaecol Obstet 3219:10.1093/beheco/aru059 1965:Populationpyramid.net 1940:Populationpyramid.net 1779:Pearse, Fred (2010). 1728:Pearse, Fred (2010). 1703:Pearse, Fred (2010). 1678:Pearse, Fred (2010). 1653:Pearse, Fred (2010). 992: 735: 383:policies was that in 260: 76:English was in 1856. 24: 4077:World Population Day 4032:Church of Euthanasia 3921:Non-identity problem 3896:Political demography 3852:Human overpopulation 3559:. New York: Longman. 2826:10.1257/jep.36.1.151 2101:Womennewsnetwork.net 1759:www.worldmeters.info 1338:"CIA World Factbook" 1242:. Data.worldbank.org 1118:Aging of South Korea 1058:strict in enforcing 1038:increased female age 1014:Income and fertility 797:improve this article 678:le quotient familial 527:National birth rates 427:which overthrew and 349:methods such as the 324:economic development 3926:Reproductive rights 3757:Population dynamics 3708:Population momentum 3612:26 May 2016 at the 3311:2019PNAS..116.2891K 3273:Investing in Health 3065:The Huffington Post 3047:The Washington Post 2905:Pewsocialtrends.org 2880:Pew Research Center 2526:10.1787/c5eed747-en 1419:on 11 December 2007 1388:on 11 December 2007 1204:on 27 February 2017 1048:Reproductive health 1006:Developed countries 502:Mahmoud Ahmadinejad 468:reproductive rights 425:Romanian Revolution 413:Romanian orphanages 308:reproductive health 85: 4169:Population ecology 4052:Population Matters 3767:Population pyramid 3745:Population density 3740:Population decline 3413:on 6 February 2016 3206:Behavioral Ecology 3153:10.1353/sof.0.0000 2212:on 23 October 2016 2165:The McCrindle Blog 1915:Data.worldbank.org 1890:Data.worldbank.org 1356:Data.worldbank.org 1198:econ.worldbank.org 1093:Population decline 1042:increased male age 1002: 958:In July 2011, the 742: 712:The birth rate in 567:Sub-Saharan Africa 561:Sub-Saharan Africa 534:The World Factbook 369:Population control 351:birth control pill 275: 79: 27: 4156: 4155: 4027:7 Billion Actions 3901:Population ethics 3794:Carrying capacity 3703:Population growth 3629:Media related to 3468:on 17 March 2014. 2907:. 12 October 2011 2706:BBC News Magazine 2665:Press Association 2590:www.aljazeera.com 2584:Rashid, Raphael. 2535:978-92-64-54179-5 2138:. 23 October 2016 2136:Worldometers.info 2030:on 28 August 2013 1866:on 16 August 2011 1087:Population ageing 873: 872: 865: 847: 761:coined the term " 632:Howard government 389:Nicolae Ceaușescu 385:communist Romania 242: 241: 84: 59:population growth 4196: 4146: 4145: 4134: 4133: 4103:Green Revolution 3884:Two-child policy 3879:One-child policy 3802: 3762:Population model 3718:World population 3667: 3660: 3653: 3644: 3643: 3628: 3598: 3569: 3560: 3538: 3537: 3535: 3533: 3519: 3513: 3512: 3476: 3470: 3469: 3464:. Archived from 3454: 3448: 3447: 3445: 3443: 3438:. 11 August 2016 3428: 3422: 3421: 3420: 3418: 3412: 3406:, archived from 3401: 3392: 3386: 3385: 3383: 3357: 3351: 3350: 3340: 3322: 3305:(8): 2891–2896. 3290: 3284: 3283: 3281: 3279: 3264: 3258: 3257: 3247: 3238: 3232: 3231: 3221: 3197: 3191: 3189: 3181: 3175: 3174: 3164: 3147:(3): 1163–1188. 3132: 3126: 3125: 3115: 3075: 3069: 3068: 3067:. 19 April 2014. 3057: 3051: 3050: 3049:. 19 April 2014. 3039: 3033: 3032: 3025: 3019: 3018: 3016: 3014: 3005:. Archived from 2999: 2990: 2989: 2987: 2985: 2974: 2968: 2967: 2965: 2963: 2952: 2939: 2938: 2936: 2934: 2923: 2917: 2916: 2914: 2912: 2897: 2891: 2890: 2888: 2886: 2871: 2865: 2864: 2862: 2860: 2855:. 11 August 2011 2845: 2839: 2838: 2828: 2804: 2791: 2789: 2777: 2771: 2770: 2768: 2749: 2740: 2728: 2722: 2721: 2719: 2717: 2696: 2690: 2689: 2687: 2685: 2667:(13 July 2011). 2661: 2652: 2651: 2649: 2647: 2632: 2626: 2625: 2623: 2621: 2607: 2601: 2600: 2598: 2596: 2581: 2575: 2574: 2568: 2566: 2554: 2548: 2547: 2511: 2505: 2504: 2502: 2500: 2494:Gannett Co. Inc. 2479: 2473: 2472: 2470: 2468: 2451: 2445: 2444: 2442: 2440: 2423: 2417: 2416: 2414: 2412: 2390: 2384: 2383: 2371: 2362: 2361: 2349: 2338: 2337: 2325: 2314: 2313: 2301: 2290: 2289: 2287: 2263: 2254: 2253: 2251: 2249: 2228: 2222: 2221: 2219: 2217: 2208:. Archived from 2187: 2181: 2180: 2178: 2176: 2157: 2148: 2147: 2145: 2143: 2128: 2117: 2116: 2114: 2112: 2093: 2087: 2086: 2084: 2082: 2067: 2061: 2060: 2058: 2056: 2041: 2032: 2031: 2017: 2011: 2010: 2008: 2006: 1997:. Archived from 1987: 1976: 1975: 1973: 1971: 1957: 1951: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1932: 1926: 1925: 1923: 1921: 1907: 1901: 1900: 1898: 1896: 1882: 1876: 1875: 1873: 1871: 1856: 1850: 1849: 1847: 1845: 1831: 1825: 1824: 1822: 1820: 1811:. Archived from 1801: 1795: 1794: 1776: 1770: 1769: 1767: 1765: 1750: 1744: 1743: 1725: 1719: 1718: 1700: 1694: 1693: 1675: 1669: 1668: 1650: 1644: 1643: 1626:(1): 0305–9049. 1615: 1609: 1608: 1606: 1604: 1589: 1583: 1582: 1564: 1558: 1551: 1545: 1544: 1542: 1540: 1519: 1495: 1489: 1488: 1486: 1484: 1475:. Archived from 1465: 1459: 1458: 1456: 1454: 1435: 1429: 1428: 1426: 1424: 1404: 1398: 1397: 1395: 1393: 1373: 1367: 1366: 1364: 1362: 1348: 1342: 1341: 1334: 1325: 1324: 1322: 1320: 1305: 1299: 1298: 1296: 1294: 1280: 1274: 1273: 1271: 1269: 1258: 1252: 1251: 1249: 1247: 1236: 1227: 1220: 1214: 1213: 1211: 1209: 1200:. Archived from 1190: 1184: 1183: 1181: 1179: 1165: 1134: 1106:Ageing of Europe 1067:Crude birth rate 936: 924: 868: 861: 857: 854: 848: 846: 805: 781: 773: 763:parasite singles 695:There are also: 440:forced abortions 436:one child policy 409:illegal abortion 287:one-child policy 86: 82: 78: 66:crude death rate 32:, also known as 4204: 4203: 4199: 4198: 4197: 4195: 4194: 4193: 4159: 4158: 4157: 4152: 4122: 4086: 4020: 4018: 4011: 3963: 3942: 3891:Overconsumption 3874:Family planning 3831: 3825: 3798: 3782: 3779: 3771: 3733: 3730: 3722: 3676: 3671: 3622: 3614:Wayback Machine 3546: 3541: 3531: 3529: 3521: 3520: 3516: 3477: 3473: 3456: 3455: 3451: 3441: 3439: 3430: 3429: 3425: 3416: 3414: 3410: 3399: 3393: 3389: 3358: 3354: 3291: 3287: 3277: 3275: 3265: 3261: 3245: 3239: 3235: 3198: 3194: 3182: 3178: 3133: 3129: 3076: 3072: 3059: 3058: 3054: 3041: 3040: 3036: 3027: 3026: 3022: 3012: 3010: 3001: 3000: 2993: 2983: 2981: 2976: 2975: 2971: 2961: 2959: 2954: 2953: 2942: 2932: 2930: 2925: 2924: 2920: 2910: 2908: 2899: 2898: 2894: 2884: 2882: 2872: 2868: 2858: 2856: 2847: 2846: 2842: 2805: 2794: 2778: 2774: 2766: 2747: 2729: 2725: 2715: 2713: 2697: 2693: 2683: 2681: 2662: 2655: 2645: 2643: 2633: 2629: 2619: 2617: 2609: 2608: 2604: 2594: 2592: 2582: 2578: 2564: 2562: 2556: 2555: 2551: 2536: 2512: 2508: 2498: 2496: 2480: 2476: 2466: 2464: 2461:The Japan Times 2452: 2448: 2438: 2436: 2424: 2420: 2410: 2408: 2400:The Irish Times 2391: 2387: 2372: 2365: 2350: 2341: 2326: 2317: 2302: 2293: 2264: 2257: 2247: 2245: 2229: 2225: 2215: 2213: 2188: 2184: 2174: 2172: 2167:. 15 May 2013. 2159: 2158: 2151: 2141: 2139: 2130: 2129: 2120: 2110: 2108: 2107:on 8 March 2021 2095: 2094: 2090: 2080: 2078: 2069: 2068: 2064: 2054: 2052: 2051:. 9 August 2011 2043: 2042: 2035: 2018: 2014: 2004: 2002: 2001:on 13 June 2007 1989: 1988: 1979: 1969: 1967: 1959: 1958: 1954: 1944: 1942: 1934: 1933: 1929: 1919: 1917: 1909: 1908: 1904: 1894: 1892: 1884: 1883: 1879: 1869: 1867: 1858: 1857: 1853: 1843: 1841: 1833: 1832: 1828: 1818: 1816: 1815:on 13 June 2007 1803: 1802: 1798: 1791: 1777: 1773: 1763: 1761: 1751: 1747: 1740: 1726: 1722: 1715: 1701: 1697: 1690: 1676: 1672: 1665: 1651: 1647: 1616: 1612: 1602: 1600: 1591: 1590: 1586: 1579: 1565: 1561: 1552: 1548: 1538: 1536: 1496: 1492: 1482: 1480: 1479:on 5 April 2011 1467: 1466: 1462: 1452: 1450: 1437: 1436: 1432: 1422: 1420: 1405: 1401: 1391: 1389: 1374: 1370: 1360: 1358: 1350: 1349: 1345: 1336: 1335: 1328: 1318: 1316: 1307: 1306: 1302: 1292: 1290: 1282: 1281: 1277: 1267: 1265: 1260: 1259: 1255: 1245: 1243: 1238: 1237: 1230: 1224:Fertility rates 1221: 1217: 1207: 1205: 1192: 1191: 1187: 1177: 1175: 1167: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1132: 1077: 1069: 987: 981: 944: 943: 942: 941: 940: 937: 929: 928: 925: 914: 902: 894: 869: 858: 852: 849: 806: 804: 794: 782: 771: 759:Masahiro Yamada 730: 722: 710: 663: 623: 611: 563: 551:sovereign state 543:obvious reasons 529: 472:family planning 456:forced marriage 417:street children 377: 371: 357:while opposing 312:life expectancy 255: 81: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4202: 4192: 4191: 4189:Temporal rates 4186: 4181: 4176: 4171: 4154: 4153: 4151: 4150: 4140: 4127: 4124: 4123: 4121: 4120: 4118:Sustainability 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4094: 4092: 4091:Related topics 4088: 4087: 4085: 4084: 4079: 4074: 4069: 4064: 4059: 4054: 4049: 4044: 4039: 4034: 4029: 4023: 4021: 4016: 4013: 4012: 4010: 4009: 4004: 4003: 4002: 3997: 3992: 3982: 3980:Largest cities 3977: 3971: 3969: 3965: 3964: 3962: 3961: 3956: 3950: 3948: 3944: 3943: 3941: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3929: 3928: 3923: 3918: 3913: 3908: 3898: 3893: 3888: 3887: 3886: 3881: 3876: 3871: 3861: 3860: 3859: 3849: 3841: 3835: 3833: 3827: 3826: 3824: 3823: 3818: 3813: 3808: 3803: 3800:I = P × A × T 3796: 3791: 3785: 3783: 3776: 3773: 3772: 3770: 3769: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3753: 3752: 3742: 3736: 3734: 3727: 3724: 3723: 3721: 3720: 3715: 3710: 3705: 3700: 3695: 3690: 3684: 3682: 3678: 3677: 3670: 3669: 3662: 3655: 3647: 3641: 3640: 3621: 3620:External links 3618: 3617: 3616: 3604: 3599: 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