Blue - Knowledge

2929: 49: 3041: 2607: 3285: 2724: 2643: 3057: 2659: 2206: 2565: 2592: 63: 1934: 1666: 2808: 719: 2756: 1920: 2447: 3395: 2941: 3021: 2191: 2428: 2176: 3077: 3363: 1890: 2771: 2627: 1226: 92: 2709: 3270: 2577: 1804: 1876: 1832: 2463: 3379: 1431: 2826: 1786: 1615: 1820: 9719: 2895: 1211: 1599: 1680: 6391: 1075: 74: 1061: 2744: 735: 1905: 1630: 10350: 9618: 164: 1696: 1652: 1280: 1772: 1260: 9628: 8992: 1019: 1047: 1446: 906: 1411: 56: 1033: 81: 6405: 2047: 2914: 1584:; the farther an object is away from the viewer, the less contrast there is between the object and its background colour, which is usually blue. In a painting where different parts of the composition are blue, green and red, the blue will appear to be more distant, and the red closer to the viewer. The cooler a colour is, the more distant it seems. Blue light is 2327:(red, yellow, black, and white). For the Romans, blue was the colour of mourning, as well as the colour of barbarians. The Celts and Germans reportedly dyed their faces blue to frighten their enemies, and tinted their hair blue when they grew old. The Romans made extensive use of indigo and Egyptian blue pigment, as evidenced, in part, by frescos in 1001:, combined with refraction as light enters and exits such films. The geometry then determines that at certain angles, the light reflected from both surfaces interferes constructively, while at other angles, the light interferes destructively. Diverse colours therefore appear despite the absence of colourants. 2539:

Blue came into wider use beginning in the Renaissance, when artists began to paint the world with perspective, depth, shadows, and light from a single source. In Renaissance paintings, artists tried to create harmonies between blue and red, lightening the blue with lead white paint and adding shadows

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In the 12th century the Roman Catholic Church dictated that painters in Italy (and the rest of Europe consequently) to paint the Virgin Mary with blue, which became associated with holiness, humility and virtue. In medieval paintings, blue was used to attract the attention of the viewer to the Virgin

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Near sunrise and sunset, most of the light we see comes in nearly tangent to the Earth's surface, so that the light's path through the atmosphere is so long that much of the blue and even green light is scattered out, leaving the sun rays and the clouds it illuminates red. Therefore, when looking at

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In the United States and Europe, blue is the colour that both men and women are most likely to choose as their favourite, with at least one recent survey showing the same across several other countries, including China, Malaysia, and Indonesia. Past surveys in the US and Europe have found that blue

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The sea is seen as blue for largely the same reason: the water absorbs the longer wavelengths of red and reflects and scatters the blue, which comes to the eye of the viewer. The deeper the observer goes, the darker the blue becomes. In the open sea, only about 1% of light penetrates to a depth of

1850:: "the largest group of water-soluble pigments found widespread in the plant kingdom". In the few plants that exploit structural colouration, brilliant colours are produced by structures within cells. The most brilliant blue colouration known in any living tissue is found in the marble berries of 399:

from America. In the 19th century, synthetic blue dyes and pigments gradually replaced organic dyes and mineral pigments. Dark blue became a common colour for military uniforms and later, in the late 20th century, for business suits. Because blue has commonly been associated with harmony, it was

3159:(540–601) who ordered that all religious paintings should tell a story which was clearly comprehensible to all viewers, and that figures should be easily recognizable, especially that of the figure of Mary. If she was alone in the image, her costume was usually painted with the finest blue, 661:

between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres. Blues with a higher frequency and thus a shorter wavelength gradually look more violet, while those with a lower frequency and a longer wavelength gradually appear more green. Purer blues are in the middle of this range, e.g., around

1121:. It was used in tomb paintings and funereal objects to protect the dead in their afterlife. Prior to the 1700s, blue colourants for artwork were mainly based on lapis lazuli and the related mineral ultramarine. A breakthrough occurred in 1709 when German druggist and pigment maker 707:

as early as 1725. Later, printers discovered that more accurate colours could be created by using combinations of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black ink, put onto separate inked plates and then overlaid one at a time onto paper. This method could produce almost all the colours in the

3124:, the colour of the evening sky. According to several rabbinic sages, blue is the colour of God's Glory. Staring at this colour aids in mediation, bringing us a glimpse of the "pavement of sapphire, like the very sky for purity", which is a likeness of the Throne of God. (The 4637:

Potyrailo, Radislav A.; Bonam, Ravi K.; Hartley, John G.; Starkey, Timothy A.; Vukusic, Peter; Vasudev, Milana; Bunning, Timothy; Naik, Rajesh R.; Tang, Zhexiong; Palacios, Manuel A.; Larsen, Michael; Le Tarte, Laurie A.; Grande, James C.; Zhong, Sheng; Deng, Tao (2015).

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period, but not blue. Blue was also not used for dyeing fabric until long after red, ochre, pink, and purple. This is probably due to the perennial difficulty of making blue dyes and pigments. On the other hand, the rarity of blue pigment made it even more valuable.

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than those of people with brown eyes, which means that they absorb less short-wavelength blue light, which is instead reflected out to the viewer. Eye colour also varies depending on the lighting conditions, especially for lighter-coloured eyes.

2685:, imported from Persia. It was first made for the family of the Emperor of China, then was exported around the world, with designs for export adapted to European subjects and tastes. The Chinese blue style was also adapted by Dutch craftsmen in 2274:

A term for Blue was relatively rare in many forms of ancient art and decoration, and even in ancient literature. The Ancient Greek poets described the sea as green, brown or "the colour of wine". The colour is mentioned several times in the

2153:, have blue eyes, compared with about half of Americans born in 1900, and a third of Americans born in 1950. Blue eyes are becoming less common among American children. In the US, males are 3–5% more likely to have blue eyes than females. 691:

of colours. Red and blue mixed together form violet, blue and yellow together form green. Mixing all three primary colours together produces a dark brown. From the Renaissance onward, painters used this system to create their colours (see

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was introduced for ceramics, as well as many other objects. The Greeks imported indigo dye from India, calling it indikon, and they painted with Egyptian blue. Blue was not one of the four primary colours for Greek painting described by

4178:, R, Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin College, 1984, p. 42, plate #140, p. 91 and catalogue entry #439, p. 185. for more on the story of Prussian blue in Japanese prints, see also the website of the Victoria and Albert Museum, London. 2807: 1184:

then a professor of chemistry in Tübingen, found the process and published his formula. This was the beginning of new industry to manufacture artificial ultramarine, which eventually almost completely replaced the natural product.

48: 1744:, mined in Afghanistan for more than three thousand years, was used for jewelry and ornaments, and later was crushed and powdered and used as a pigment. The more it was ground, the lighter the blue colour became. Natural 1137:. It became immensely popular for the manufacture of wallpaper, and in the 19th century was widely used by French impressionist painters. Beginning in the 1820s, Prussian blue was imported into Japan through the port of 3445:

with red. US states which have been won by the Democratic Party in four consecutive presidential elections are termed "blue states", while those that have been won by the Republican Party are termed "red states".

645:, and only much later – usually as the last main category of colour accepted in a language – adding the colour blue, probably when blue pigments could be manufactured reliably in the culture using that language. 3394: 2564: 2205: 1179:

which could rival the natural colour made from lapis lazuli. The prize was won in 1826 by a chemist named Jean Baptiste Guimet, but he refused to reveal the formula of his colour. In 1828, another scientist,

2658: 932:, closer to violet; pure blue, without any mixture of other colours; Azure, which is a lighter shade of blue, similar to the colour of the sky; Cyan, which is midway in the spectrum between blue and 3417:. In politics, blue is often used as the colour of conservative parties, contrasting with the red associated with left-wing parties. Some conservative parties that use the colour blue include the 3405:

Unlike red or green, blue was not strongly associated with any particular country, religion or political movement. As the colour of harmony, it was chosen as the colour for the flags of the

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In sports, blue is widely represented in uniforms in part because the majority of national teams wear the colours of their national flag. For example, the national men's football team of

2971:, which was produced by the colonies of Brandenburg's rival, England. It was worn by the German army until World War I, with the exception of the soldiers of Bavaria, who wore sky-blue. 2408:

Blue was widely used in the decoration of churches in the Byzantine Empire. By contrast, in the Islamic world, blue was of secondary to green, believed to be the favourite colour of the

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When sunlight passes through the atmosphere, the blue wavelengths are scattered more widely by the oxygen and nitrogen molecules, and more blue comes to our eyes. This effect is called

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Linguistic research indicates that languages do not begin by having a word for the colour blue. Colour names often developed individually in natural languages, typically beginning with

2576: 5909: 1378:(II). Diverse cobalt(II) salts such as cobalt carbonate or cobalt(II) aluminate are mixed with the silica prior to firing. The cobalt occupies sites otherwise filled with silicon. 3976: 3284: 2591: 6332: 2190: 1129:. The new blue arose from experiments involving heating dried blood with iron sulphides and was initially called Berliner Blau. By 1710 it was being used by the French painter 3005:

also adopted a navy blue uniform. Similar traditions were embraced in France and Austria. It was also adopted at about the same time for the uniforms of the officers of the

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was the most prestigious blue of the Renaissance, being more expensive than gold. Wealthy art patrons commissioned works with the most expensive blues possible. In 1616

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of light in the stroma, an optical effect similar to what accounts for the blueness of the sky. The irises of the eyes of people with blue eyes contain less dark

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Intense efforts have focused on blue flowers and the possibility that natural blue colourants could be used as food dyes. Commonly, blue colours in plants are

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Blue also varies in shade or tint; darker shades of blue contain black or grey, while lighter tints contain white. Darker shades of blue include ultramarine,

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Sarkar, Anindya; Mukherjee, Arati Deshpande; Bera, M. K.; Das, B.; Juyal, Navin; Morthekai, P.; Deshpande, R. D.; Shinde, V. S.; Rao, L. S. (25 May 2016).

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DIKSHIT, K.N. (2012). "The Rise of Indian Civilization: Recent Archaeological Evidence from the Plains of 'Lost' River Saraswati and Radio-Metric Dates".

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The farther away an object is, the more blue it often appears to the eye. For example, mountains in the distance often appear blue. This is the effect of

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emitting in the blue region of the spectrum became widely available to the public in 2010 with the release of inexpensive high-powered 445–447 nm

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and other parts of the Islamic world, blue was the colour worn by Christians and Jews, because only Muslims were allowed to wear white and green.

4310: 1117:, the first artificial pigment, was produced in the third millennium BC in Ancient Egypt. It is produced by heating pulverized sand, copper, and 3020: 2008:; an optical interference effect induced by organized nanometre-sized scales or fibres. Examples include the plumage of several birds like the 1740:, with a deep blue colour, was once employed in medieval years, but it is unstable pigment, losing its colour especially under dry conditions. 4140: 3700:"Basic Color Terms (BCTs) and Categories (BCCs) in Three Dialects of the Spanish Language: Interaction Between Cultural and Universal Factors" 3257:: Blue is associated with peace, truth, wisdom, protection, and patience. It helps with healing, psychic ability, harmony, and understanding. 2840:

Recognizing the emotional power of blue, many artists made it the central element of paintings in the 19th and 20th centuries. They included

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Lillo, Julio; González-Perilli, Fernando; Prado-León, Lilia; Melnikova, Anna; Álvaro, Leticia; Collado, José A.; Moreira, Humberto (2018).

3620: 2626: 2082:. In humans, the pigmentation of the iris varies from light brown to black. The appearance of blue, green, and hazel eyes results from the 5123: 3893:

Nakamura, S.; Mukai, T.; Senoh, M. (1994). "Candela-Class High-Brightness InGaN/AlGaN Double-Heterostructure Blue-Light-Emitting-Diodes".

5179:"Oxygen isotope in archaeological bioapatites from India: Implications to climate change and decline of Bronze Age Harappan civilization" 2825: 3984: 1243: 734: 7355: 4964: 2527:

began to show him dressed in blue. The coat of arms of the kings of France became an azure or light blue shield, sprinkled with golden

2501:, which, combined with the light from the red glass, filled the church with a bluish violet light. The church became the marvel of the 1192:. This product rapidly replaced natural indigo, wiping out vast farms growing indigo. It is now the blue of blue jeans. As the pace of 1295:

were once used but since the early 1900s, all indigo is synthetic. Produced on an industrial scale, indigo is the blue of blue jeans.

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Newsome, Andrew G.; Culver, Catherine A.; Van Breemen, Richard B. (2014). "Nature's Palette: The Search for Natural Blue Colorants".

3761: 2311:, and required more. Blue glazes posed still another challenge since the early blue dyes and pigments were not thermally robust. In 1889: 9395: 6442: 4747: 2872:

observed that colour was "only an instrument;" his interest was "in expressing human emotions tragedy, ecstasy, doom, and so on".

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expressed deep emotions with blue, "A certain blue penetrates your soul." In the second half of the 20th century, painters of the

2770: 163: 8392: 7804: 6931: 3980: 2947: 8402: 7829: 7809: 6926: 5773: 2994:. Blue continued to be the colour of the field uniform of the US Army until 1902, and is still the colour of the dress uniform. 9657: 9385: 9249: 8614: 5589: 2919: 627: 6416:"Friday essay: from the Great Wave to Starry Night, how a blue pigment changed the world", By Hugh Davies, theconversation.com 6373: 6262: 6236: 6217: 6198: 6170: 6151: 6122: 5965: 5335: 5133: 5109: 4958: 4559: 4462: 4286: 3682: 3555: 3545: 3400:

A presidential-election map of the US, 2008–2020. States that consistently vote for Democrats are termed "blue states".

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Placke, Mina; Fischer, Norbert; Colditz, Michael; Kunkel, Ernst; Bohne, Karl-Heinz (2016). "Drawing and Writing Materials".

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Nuno Mateas, Victor de Freitas (2008). "Anthrocyanins as Food Colorants". In Gould, K.; Davies, K.; Winefield, C. (eds.).

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of Israel. However, in some countries, blue is not associated main conservative party. In the United States, the liberal

2761: 2511:. In the years that followed even more elegant blue stained glass windows were installed in other churches, including at 8471: 7918: 7074: 4110: 676:, the hue between blue and violet, as one of the separate colours, though today it is usually considered a hue of blue. 626:

is used for both blue and green, the two colours not being distinguished in older Lakota (for more on this subject, see

8283: 7404: 6560: 5009: 1598: 1328:. These minerals were crushed, ground into powder, and then mixed with a quick-drying binding agent, such as egg yolk ( 5803: 1614: 728:

produces secondary colours where two overlap; the combination red, green, and blue each in full intensity makes white.

9650: 6921: 5833: 5619: 5523: 5359: 3269: 1748:, made by grinding lapis lazuli into a fine powder, was the finest available blue pigment in the Middle Ages and the 7666: 3530: 9406: 8247: 3455: 3442: 3438: 3304: 2544:

was a master of this technique, carefully balancing the reds and the blues so no one colour dominated the picture.

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in 1978, only 8% of the population had brown eyes, though through immigration, today that number is about 11%. In

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which are comparatively expensive and inefficient, but still widely used by scientists for applications including

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A typical sample is shown for each name; a range of color-variations is commonly associated with each color-name.

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A typical sample is shown for each name; a range of color-variations is commonly associated with each color-name.

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Color Codes: Modern Theories of Color in Philosophy, Painting and Architecture, Literature, Music, and Psychology

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J. Baines, "Color Terminology and Color Classification in Ancient Egyptian Color Terminology and Polychromy", in

4640:"Towards outperforming conventional sensor arrays with fabricated individual photonic vapour sensors inspired by 4010: 3332: 3163:. If she was with Christ, her costume was usually painted with a less expensive pigment, to avoid outshining him. 3006: 4701:"Structural Colouration of Mammalian Skin: Convergent Evolution of Coherently Scattering Dermal Collagen Arrays" 9466: 9401: 9390: 7348: 4205: 3320: 3312: 2991: 2956: 1665: 1485: 344:

contains some violet. The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as

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In the United States, as of 2006, 1 out of every 6 people, or 16.6% of the total population, and 22.3% of the

8545: 8180: 6476: 4821:"The Blue Coloration of the Common Surgeonfish, Paracanthurus hepatus—II. Color Revelation and Color Changes" 3296: 1573:

The colour of the sea is also affected by the colour of the sky, reflected by particles in the water; and by

9269: 8929: 8491: 8012: 6435: 4905:"Characterization of melanins in human irides and cultured uveal melanocytes from eyes of different colors" 4378: 3430: 3422: 3316: 3308: 3276: 1803: 8165: 7547: 7158: 4080: 3112:)". In ancient days, this blue thread was made from a dye extracted from a Mediterranean snail called the 2978:

adopted a dark shade of blue for the uniform of officers. It was first known as marine blue, now known as

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Portrait of Richard Sackville (1616), using three expensive blues, including ultramarine for his stockings

2251:. Lapis was highly valued by the Indus Valley Civilisation (7570–1900 BC). Lapis beads have been found at 1904: 9765: 8703: 8240: 4035: 3344: 2029: 1577:

and plant life in the water, which can make it look green; or by sediment, which can make it look brown.

1231: 823: 539:, and some other languages, there is no single word for blue, but rather different words for light blue ( 62: 6032: 1819: 1302:

is used for candies. The search continues for stable, natural blue dyes suitable for the food industry.

1145:, or Berlin blue, and it became popular because it did not fade like traditional Japanese blue pigment, 9760: 9471: 9129: 9058: 8787: 8607: 4766:"Being red, blue and green: the genetic basis of coloration differences in the strawberry poison frog ( 3426: 3196:, the churning of the ocean of milk. Blue is used to symbolically represent the fifth, and the throat, 1875: 1831: 872: 5645: 4623: 4302: 3571: 10412: 10397: 10387: 9446: 9264: 9236: 8540: 8362: 8150: 7730: 7341: 2819:(1888). Blue used to create a mood or atmosphere. A cobalt blue sky, and cobalt or ultramarine water. 2248: 1605: 363:

Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times. The semi-precious stone

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work clothing in the California gold fields. The invention was funded by San Francisco entrepreneur

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Blue-pigmented animals are relatively rare. Examples of which include butterflies of the genus

1940: 994: 988: 835: 745: 8854: 8387: 8140: 7982: 7977: 7755: 7468: 7262: 6886: 6496: 1629: 10392: 9380: 9135: 9036: 9024: 8600: 8476: 8051: 7582: 7316: 7089: 6812: 6649: 6409: 6274:"Environment and culture shape both the colour lexicon and the genetics of colour perception" 5327: 5323: 3348: 3002: 2849: 2734: 2493:. Suger considered that light was the visible manifestation of the Holy Spirit. He installed 2268: 1925: 1541: 1201: 1122: 1052: 20: 8293: 8278: 7557: 7488: 7389: 7384: 7163: 7059: 7000: 6847: 6802: 6738: 6033:"What are the colours of the Australian political parties? - Parliamentary Education Office" 4948: 4868:

Wielgus AR, Sarna T (2005). "Melanin in human irides of different color and age of donors".

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in the 17th-18th centuries. in the 18th century, blue and white porcelains were produced by

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An industry for the manufacture of fine blue and white pottery began in the 14th century in

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Travis, Tim, "The Victoria and Albert Museum Book of Colour in Design" (2020), p. 200-201

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the sunset and sunrise, the colour red is more perceptible than any of the other colours.

3776: 3141: 2998: 2649: 2613: 1958:. Other blue pigments of animal origin include phorcabilin, used by other butterflies in 1753: 1621: 1585: 1547: 1537: 758: 658: 591: 329: 8530: 8086: 7646: 6822: 6289: 5350:

Chase, W.T. 1971, "Egyptian blue as a pigment and ceramic material." In: R. Brill (ed.)

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statement by Hans Eiberg from the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine at the

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The early 19th century saw the ancestor of the modern blue business suit, created by

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Blue eyes actually contain no blue pigment. The colour is caused by an effect called

1984: 1852: 1793: 1193: 1168:, made a synthetic cobalt blue pigment which became immensely popular with painters. 937: 816: 583: 6466: 5597: 4609: 4439: 1856:, where a spiral structure of cellulose fibrils scattering blue light. The fruit of 1464:

characteristically form blue solutions or blue salts. Of some practical importance,

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Harmon, A. D.; Weisgraber, K. H.; Weiss, U. (1980). "Preformed azulene pigments of

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Color design workbook : a real-world guide to using color in graphic design

4014: 3192:, or blue-throated, for having swallowed poison to save the universe during the 2303:

in Asia and Africa, while blue pigments were made from minerals, usually either

1200:, which had even greater resistance to fading during washing or in the sun, and 10276: 10080: 9864: 9621: 9566: 9551: 9531: 9526: 9309: 9091: 8977: 8946: 8902: 8859: 8731: 8696: 8669: 8535: 8175: 8145: 7893: 7750: 7508: 7478: 7321: 7010: 6911: 6827: 6807: 6664: 6590: 6471: 6451: 6297: 5699: 5680: 5152: 5010:"Don't it make my blue eyes brown Americans are seeing a dramatic color change" 4048: 3674: 3477: 3410: 3406: 3385: 3369: 3156: 2790: 2785:(1776–1840), who set fashion at the London Court. It also saw the invention of 2469: 2107: 2103: 2083: 2079: 2067: 2051: 2013: 1895: 1701: 1567: 1430: 976: 917: 910: 900: 884: 800: 725: 615: 603: 536: 473: 465: 405: 401: 349: 309: 128: 6007: 5039: 4786: 3962: 997:, the result of interference between reflections from two or more surfaces of 10376: 10300: 10090: 10027: 10008: 9912: 9846: 9841: 9836: 9506: 9304: 9086: 9078: 9011: 8879: 8819: 8743: 8726: 8632: 8382: 8155: 7740: 7725: 7138: 6985: 6758: 6674: 6634: 6585: 6491: 6365: 5662: 5261: 5212: 4102: 3924: 3725: 3716: 3482: 2987: 2960: 2861: 2832: 2690: 2558:

with three different blues, including ultramarine pigment for his stockings.

2494: 2319: 2284: 2212: 2196: 1993: 1551: 1481: 1394: 1356: 1311: 1235: 1126: 1114: 1080: 1024: 972: 968: 960: 831: 827: 812: 808: 684: 680: 337: 321: 9718: 5932:"This Is The Reason Why Indian Cricket Team Wears A Blue Jersey During ODIs" 5482:

Travis, Time, "The Victoria and Albert Book of Colour Design" (2020), p. 185

2041: 621: 356:. Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called 10248: 10240: 9966: 9961: 9939: 9934: 9642: 9478: 9341: 9297: 9113: 9108: 9103: 9019: 8972: 8941: 8874: 8718: 8579: 7928: 7824: 7656: 7079: 6315: 5795: 5230: 4921: 4904: 4889: 4846: 4805: 4735: 4685: 4480:"On the Perception, Production and Function of Blue Colouration in Animals" 4255: 3743: 3227: 3220: 3186:, the destroyer deity, is also depicted in a light-blue hue, and is called 3148: 2798: 2782: 2714: 2582: 2555: 2528: 2304: 2276: 2184:

bowl from Iran, end of 3rd – beginning of 2nd millennium BC (Louvre Museum)

2181: 2115: 1741: 1657: 1493: 1337: 1321: 1216: 1196:

accelerated, a succession of synthetic blue dyes were discovered including

864: 665: 429: 364: 249: 119: 102:

Clockwise, from top left: A Ukrainian Police officer on duty; Tiles of the

6395: 5319:

Ancient mesopotamian materials and industries: the archaeological evidence

5125:

Ancient Mesopotamian Materials and Industries: the Archaeological Evidence

4930: 4176:

Japanese Woodblock Prints: A Catalogue of the Mary A. Ainsworth Collection

2963:

as the new colour of Prussian military uniforms, because it was made with

668:

included blue as one of the seven colours in his first description of the

353: 73: 10197: 10139: 9816: 9798: 9694: 9336: 9159: 9063: 8907: 8812: 8770: 8765: 8708: 8674: 7267: 7252: 7099: 6916: 6748: 6669: 4418: 3977:"Professor Shuji Nakamura was key to the Invention of Blu-Ray Technology" 3522: 3447: 3160: 3063: 2869: 2682: 2669: 2547: 2524: 2482: 2473: 2438: 2288: 2237: 2199:

tripodic beaker imitating lapis lazuli. South Mesopotamia. (1399-1200 BC)

2119: 1847: 1757: 1749: 1745: 1686: 1516: 1497: 1477: 1386: 1333: 1325: 1176: 1038: 952: 929: 859:

technology. Previously the blue wavelengths were accessible only through

856: 754: 576: 445: 421: 384: 376: 372: 368: 341: 211: 6390: 5733:

Heller, "Psychologie de la Colour - Effets et Symboliques", (2009),p. 32

5614:, 1789–1799, Éditions Robert Laffont, collection Bouquins, Paris, 1987. 5269: 4991: 4764:

Ariel Rodríguez; Nicholas I. Mundy; Roberto Ibáñez; Heike Pröhl (2020).

3697: 10186: 10120: 9788: 9783: 9737: 9714: 9488: 9331: 9051: 8807: 8748: 8061: 7242: 7227: 7222: 7173: 7153: 6901: 6580: 6481: 5437:

Lours, Mathieu, "Le Vitrail", Editions Jean-Paul Gisserot, Paris (2021)

4837: 4820: 4667: 4600: 4583: 4431: 3117: 3099: 2975: 2904: 2786: 2678: 2486: 2413: 2300: 2264: 2233: 2225: 2095: 2071: 2059: 1989: 1955: 1589: 1563: 1283:

Chemical structure of C.I. Acid Blue 9, a dye commonly used in candies.

1264: 1189: 1066: 1010: 998: 880: 847: 657:

generally describes colours perceived by humans observing light with a

488: 417: 396: 367:

was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in the

328:

generally describes colours perceived by humans observing light with a

223: 135: 6087: 5203: 4719: 4496: 4479: 4352: 4326:"Human color vision and the unsaturated blue color of the daytime sky" 4247: 10324: 10129: 9976: 9752: 9730: 9709: 9684: 9348: 9321: 9316: 8825: 8232: 7247: 7148: 6995: 6970: 6753: 6743: 6565: 6501: 6333:"There's Evidence Humans Didn't Actually See Blue Until Modern Times" 5859:"Nishan Sahib Khanda Sikh Symbols Sikh Museum History Heritage Sikhs" 5858: 4727: 3916: 3243: 3201: 3047: 2979: 2900: 2686: 2597: 2252: 2229: 2075: 1713: 1501: 1489: 1473: 1468:

is used to make the deep blue glazes and glasses. It substitutes for

1436: 1390: 1158: 1150: 1101: 956: 876: 819:

were working on a new development which revolutionized LED lighting.

741: 425: 388: 333: 245: 148: 141: 3144:, were covered with blue cloth when transported from place to place. 2531:

or lilies. Blue had come from obscurity to become the royal colour.

505: 10144: 9904: 9704: 9603: 9326: 8934: 8096: 7799: 7333: 7183: 6763: 6654: 5032:"Pigmentation, the Pilous System, and Morphology of the Soft Parts" 3766: 3324: 3254: 3231: 3167: 3083: 3027: 2409: 2379:, but two words, both of foreign origin, became the most enduring; 2280: 2260: 2256: 2244: 2021: 2009: 1911: 1857: 1709: 1341: 1279: 1138: 964: 794: 709: 687:

of pigments (red, yellow, blue), which can be mixed to form a wide

511: 441: 437: 433: 238: 8991: 5960:. Internet Archive. Gloucester, Mass. : Rockport Publishers. 3120:

claimed that this blue was the colour of "the clear noonday sky";

2789:, a highly popular form of workers's costume, invented in 1853 by 2681:, China, using white Chinese porcelain decorated with patterns of 1445: 1259: 905: 55: 10268: 10013: 9999: 9375: 8657: 7745: 6420: 5703: 4036:

2006 Millennium technology prize awarded to UCSB's Shuji Nakamura

3208: 3175: 3130: 3104: 3067: 3046:

Blue domes of the Church dedicated to St. Spirou in Firostefani,

3031: 2997:

In the 19th century, police in the United Kingdom, including the

2541: 2328: 2308: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2087: 2063: 2025: 1966: 1950: 1717: 1671: 1500:(Cu) also produces many blue compounds, including the commercial 1469: 1410: 1329: 1317: 1154: 453: 413: 80: 8592: 6210:

Couleurs : pigments et teintures dans les mains des peuples

4903:

Prota G, Hu DN, Vincensi MR, McCormick SA, Napolitano A (1998).

3351:

matches, as such the team is also referred to as "Men in Blue".

2600:

plaque with cobalt blue painting (1683) (Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam)

590:, use the same word to describe blue and green. For example, in 482: 476: 10332: 10292: 10232: 10037: 10032: 10022: 9994: 9989: 9984: 9955: 9884: 9598: 9201: 9191: 8002: 7883: 7651: 6832: 6404: 5708: 5686: 4072: 3235: 3212: 3197: 3171: 2968: 2498: 1465: 1375: 1118: 762: 673: 491: 16:

Colour between violet and cyan on the visible spectrum of light

10155: 4452: 3939: 1219:(1770), featuring lapis lazuli, indigo, and cobalt colourants, 10308: 10284: 10208: 9879: 9775: 9689: 9226: 9221: 9211: 9181: 8652: 8623: 7760: 3434: 3223: 3183: 3121: 3095: 2794: 2331:. The Romans had many words for varieties of blue, including 2243:

Lapis lazuli artifacts, dated to 7570 BC, have been found at

2123: 2046: 1574: 1371: 1287:

Blue dyes are organic compounds, both synthetic and natural.

1268: 1175:

in France offered a prize for the invention of an artificial

933: 852: 773:

light. On a colour wheel based on traditional colour theory (

770: 688: 638: 634: 192: 6272:

Josserand, M.; Meeussen, E.; Majid, A. (27 September 2021).

4636: 10316: 10216: 9874: 9216: 9196: 9046: 8963: 7997: 6718: 6511: 5452: 5440: 3414: 3179: 2964: 2717:(1776–1840) introduced the ancestor of the modern blue suit 2296: 2131: 2127: 1288: 941: 921: 860: 449: 392: 313: 184: 6184:. Hanover, New Hampshire: University Press of New England. 5642: 4268: 3323:

use blue text on their logos. Blue is well represented in

3082:

The flag of Israel uses a special variety of blue, called

2868:

movement use blues to inspire ideas and emotions. Painter

391:. Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye 10224: 9894: 9292: 9186: 8951: 4552:

Photonic Crystals - Introduction, Applications and Theory

4137:

Natural Photonics (originally in Physics Review Magazine)

4038:. Ia.ucsb.edu (15 June 2006). Retrieved on 3 August 2019. 3182:, Vishnu's avatars, are usually depicted with blue skin. 1461: 766: 765:; that is, a colour corresponding to an equal mixture of 642: 253: 215: 188: 5390: 4902: 4584:"Blue Chromatophores in Two Species of Callionymid Fish" 4581: 4233: 3134:, the portable sanctuary in the wilderness, such as the 2955:

In the 17th century. The Prince-Elector of Brandenburg,

799:

In 1993, high-brightness blue LEDs were demonstrated by

336:. Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colours; 6191:

The Victoria and Albert Museum Book of Colour in Design

5419: 4455:

Anthocyanins: Biosynthesis, Functions, and Applications

6271: 5176: 5072:"More than meets the blue eye: You may all be related" 4818: 4139:. University of Exeter. September 1998. Archived from 609: 19:

This article is about the colour. For other uses, see

4546:

Simonis, Priscilla; Serge, Berthier (30 March 2012).

4411: 3547:

Polymeric Composites with Rice Hulls: An Introduction

2295:

The earliest known blue dyes were made from plants –

564: 546: 4393: 3960:

Iwasa, Naruhito; Mukai, Takashi and Nakamura, Shuji

2400: 2058:

Blue eyes do not actually contain any blue pigment.

1708:

Some of the most desirable gems are blue, including

838:

in 2014 for the invention of an efficient blue LED.

5826:

The Seven Rays: a Universal Guide to the Archangels

5612:

Histoire et dictionnaire de la Révolution française

5464: 3638: 3601: 3572:"Pigments through the Ages - History - Ultramarine" 2534: 1389:is the dominant blue pigment in inks used in pens. 891:, among other scientific and medical applications. 9245:Linguistic relativity and the colour naming debate 6132: 5610:Jean Tulard, Jean-François Fayard, Alfred Fierro, 5282: 4376: 3892: 3621:"Why is blue the world's favorite color? | YouGov" 1305: 1249:A synthetic indigo dye factory in Germany in 1890. 6133:Bowersox, Gary W.; Chamberlin, Bonita E. (1995). 5796:"Board Question #31244 | The 100 Hour Board" 5727: 5254:Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute 4548:"Chapter number 1 How Nature produces blue color" 4513:"The coloration, identification and phylogeny of 4125: 2283:'. Reds, blacks, browns, and ochres are found in 2024:fibres in the skin of some species of monkey and 10374: 6144:Psychologie de la couleur: effets et symboliques 5902:"FIFA World Cup 2010 – Historical Football Kits" 5576:The Oxford Illustrated History of the Royal Navy 4521:Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 3441:is associated with blue, while the conservative 2211:Fresco of Polyphemus and Galatea, Pompei, using 1756:art, it was often reserved for the robes of the 1340:. Two inorganic but synthetic blue pigments are 595: 594:, the colour of both tree leaves and the sky is 4041: 3290:Serbian national volleyball team, 2012 Olympics 2481:In the art and life of Europe during the early 304:(traditional colour theory), as well as in the 6129:(page numbers refer to the French translation) 6115:Bright Earth, Art, and the Invention of Colour 5587: 5508: 5387:, V., 14, 2. Cited by Miche Pastourou, p. 178. 5094: 5007: 5003: 5001: 4950:Biochromy: Natural Coloration of Living Things 4416:(Schw.) Fries (Russulaceae, Basidiomycetes)". 4323: 4271:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 3940:"Development of the Blue Light-Emitting Diode" 1943:is one of few animal species with blue pigment 601: 332:that's between approximately 450 and 495 10171: 9658: 8608: 8248: 7349: 6436: 5944:Heller, "Psychologie de la Couleur" pp. 36-37 5514:Wassily Kandinsky, M. T. Sadler (Translator) 4953:. University of California Press. p. 9. 4073:"Laserglow – Blue, Red, Yellow, Green Lasers" 1320:were once produced from minerals, especially 1254: 570: 558: 552: 540: 387:, European artists used it in the windows of 9672: 8584: 6358:Uniforms of The American Revolution in Color 6252: 5535: 5065: 5063: 5061: 4867: 4545: 4511:Vane-Wright, Richard I. (22 February 1979). 3755: 3753: 2749:A California gold miner in blue jeans (1853) 2506: 1864:) can appear blue owing to the same effect. 1476:ions in these materials. Cobalt is the blue 619: 459: 412:is the colour most commonly associated with 6050: 5104:(2009), National Gallery Company, London, ( 5024: 4998: 4510: 4504: 3852:McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York. 1932. 3775:; Professor: Jules Davidoff. Archived from 3657:Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary 3650: 3151:: Blue is particularly associated with the 2394: 2380: 2374: 2368: 2362: 2356: 2350: 2344: 2338: 2332: 1588:than other wavelengths by the gases in the 875:, due to their superior beam quality. Blue 724:Additive colour mixing. The combination of 648: 10178: 10164: 9734: 9665: 9651: 9627: 8615: 8601: 8255: 8241: 7356: 7342: 6443: 6429: 6160: 5458: 5446: 5396: 5303: 4698: 4236:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 4095: 3861: 3759: 2094:Blue eyes are most common in Ireland, the 2004:. More commonly, blueness in animals is a 993:In nature, many blue phenomena arise from 6330: 6305: 6056: 5590:"Wearing Army Blue: a 200-year Tradition" 5220: 5202: 5058: 4920: 4836: 4795: 4785: 4675: 4599: 4495: 4065: 3750: 3733: 3715: 3543: 3515: 3226:. The Sikh Rehat Maryada states that the 2875: 2793:who used metal rivets to strengthen blue 1519:salts and solutions are often blue, e.g. 982: 400:chosen as the colour of the flags of the 9396:International Commission on Illumination 6207: 5938: 5847:Section Three, Chapter IV, Article V, r. 5425: 5147: 5145: 4692: 3886: 2476:was traditionally shown in blue(14th c.) 2045: 1278: 1258: 1173:Societé pour l'Encouragement d'Industrie 904: 894: 6212:(in French). Paris: Editions du Seuil. 6165:(in French). Paris: Editions du Seuil. 5518:. Dover Publ. (Paperback). 80 pp. 5293:Alessandro Bongioanni & Maria Croce 5251: 4861: 4539: 4517:butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)" 4047: 3981:University of California, Santa Barbara 2948:Military Police of Rio de Janeiro State 2167: 2114:. Blue eyes are also found in parts of 10375: 9386:Color Association of the United States 8262: 6188: 6141: 6117:. London: Penguin Group. p. 507. 6057:Battaglio, Stephen (3 November 2016). 5501: 5499: 5497: 5315: 5276: 5121: 5020:from the original on 23 February 2012. 4942: 4940: 4477: 4399: 4389:from the original on 18 November 2012. 4113:from the original on 15 September 2011 4083:from the original on 16 September 2011 3644: 3607: 3550:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. 3533:from the original on 23 December 2010. 3450:also uses this colour model, with the 2920:Transportation Security Administration 2554:commissioned a portrait of himself by 1992:, known as "cyanosomes", exist in the 1982:), and sarpedobilin, which is used by 1400: 1332:); or with a slow-drying oil, such as 10159: 9646: 8596: 8583: 8236: 7337: 6424: 6355: 6226: 6179: 5982:"Why is the Conservative Party blue?" 5953: 5776:from the original on 30 December 2011 5541: 5344: 5142: 5069: 4978:Mason, Clyde W. (1924). "Blue Eyes". 4977: 4971: 4896: 4313:from the original on 2 November 2015. 4229: 4227: 4225: 4223: 3668: 3489:All pages with titles beginning with 3155:. This was the result of a decree of 2903:derives its name from the uniform of 2505:, and the colour became known as the 2419: 2016:, the scales of butterflies like the 1752:. It was extremely expensive, and in 641:(or dark and light), and then adding 510:(meaning 'shimmering, lustrous'). In 7363: 6112: 5537:"Un certain bleu pénètre votre âme." 5470: 5416:, volume III, Paris, 1945. pp. 46ff. 5070:Weise, Elizabeth (5 February 2008). 4967:from the original on 3 October 2015. 4753:from the original on 9 October 2022. 3937: 3848:Arthur C. Hardy and Fred H. Perrin. 3388:is "reflex blue", a medium dark blue 2700: 1188:In 1878 German chemists synthesized 936:, and the other blue-greens such as 916:Blue is the colour of light between 5912:from the original on 7 January 2012 5494: 5374:, volume 87, 1985, pp. 282–97. 4946: 4937: 4708:The Journal of Experimental Biology 4582:Goda, Makoto; Fujii, Ryozo (1995). 4362:from the original on 15 July 2011. 4202:"Eight blue moments in art history" 2934:Ukrainian police officer in Donetsk 2762:Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil 2138:, 99% of people have blue eyes. In 1763: 1109: 395:until it was replaced by the finer 13: 9717: 9250:Blue–green distinction in language 6450: 6246: 5828:. Toronto: Insomniac Press, 2004. 5806:from the original on 31 March 2012 5153:"Excavation Bhirrana | ASI Nagpur" 5008:Douglas Belkin (17 October 2006). 4624:"How Birds Make Colorful Feathers" 4220: 3799:"Wavelength of Blue and Red Light" 3128:word for glory) Many items in the 2452:Detail of the Blue Virgin Window, 2062:is determined by two factors: the 1996:of at least two fish species, the 1271:consist of 1–3% by weight of this 975:(for a more complete list see the 928:. Hues of blue include indigo and 628:Blue–green distinction in language 618:meaning "go". In Lakota, the word 600:. In Japanese, the word for blue ( 14: 10429: 8622: 6383: 6331:Macdonald, Fiona (7 April 2018). 5670:2:1; Commentary on Numbers 15:38. 4819:Makoto Goda; Ryozo Fujii (1998). 3983:. 12 January 2023. Archived from 3499:All pages with titles containing 2215:(1st c. BC) (Metropolitan Museum) 1298:For food, the triarylmethane dye 1153:. Prussian blue was used by both 879:are also still commonly used for 10349: 10348: 9626: 9617: 9616: 9407:International Colour Association 8990: 6403: 6389: 6257:. London: British Museum Press. 6076: 6025: 6000: 5974: 5947: 5652:, the Ptil Tekhelet Organization 5578:, Oxford University Press, 1995. 5556:. Tate Gallery Publishing, 1987. 4882:10.1111/j.1600-0749.2005.00268.x 4550:. In Massaro, Alessandro (ed.). 3544:Defonseka, Chris (20 May 2019). 3393: 3377: 3361: 3283: 3268: 3075: 3055: 3039: 3019: 2939: 2927: 2912: 2893: 2824: 2806: 2769: 2754: 2742: 2722: 2707: 2657: 2641: 2625: 2605: 2590: 2575: 2563: 2535:Renaissance through 18th century 2523:Mary. Paintings of the mythical 2461: 2445: 2426: 2224:, lapis lazuli was mined in the 2204: 2189: 2174: 1932: 1918: 1903: 1888: 1874: 1830: 1818: 1802: 1784: 1770: 1694: 1678: 1664: 1650: 1628: 1613: 1597: 1444: 1429: 1409: 1242: 1224: 1209: 1073: 1059: 1045: 1031: 1017: 733: 717: 168: Colour coordinates 162: 90: 79: 72: 61: 54: 47: 10185: 9402:International Colour Consortium 6231:. Éditions Jean-Paul Gisserot. 6137:. Tucson, AZ: Geoscience Press. 5924: 5894: 5869: 5851: 5839: 5818: 5788: 5758: 5736: 5715: 5693: 5673: 5655: 5636: 5624: 5604: 5581: 5568: 5559: 5547: 5529: 5516:Concerning the Spiritual in Art 5485: 5476: 5431: 5402: 5377: 5364: 5309: 5296: 5287: 5245: 5170: 5128:. Eisenbrauns. pp. 86–87. 5115: 5046: 4812: 4757: 4699:Prum RO, Torres RH (May 2004). 4630: 4616: 4575: 4471: 4446: 4405: 4370: 4317: 4295: 4262: 4194: 4181: 4168: 4155: 4029: 4011:National Academy of Engineering 3999: 3969: 3954: 3931: 3855: 3842: 3816: 3791: 3691: 3454:on the left using blue and the 3215:warriors wear all-blue attire. 3140:, many of the vessels, and the 3102:were commanded to put fringes, 3007:New York City Police Department 2801:, and spread around the world. 2664:"Girl with a Pearl Earring" by 1344:(primarily cobalt(II) stanate: 1306:Pigments for painting and glass 348:. An optical effect called the 9467:List of Crayola crayon colours 9391:International Colour Authority 6146:(in French). Munich: Pyramyd. 6106: 6086:. 8 March 2023. Archived from 5877:"Magical Properties of Colors" 5354:. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. 5283:Bowersox & Chamberlin 1995 3662: 3613: 3589: 3564: 3537: 3321:Oceania Football Confederation 3277:Italian national football team 3242:) or greyish blue (modern day 2957:Frederick William I of Prussia 2247:, which is the oldest site of 2032:cells in some fish and frogs. 1531: 1267:, a widely produced blue dye. 963:; while lighter tints include 822:Nakamura was awarded the 2006 1: 6394:The dictionary definition of 6180:Riley, Charles A. II (1995). 5100:David Bomford and Ashok Roy, 4980:Journal of Physical Chemistry 4947:Fox, Denis Llewellyn (1979). 4279:10.1002/14356007.a09_037.pub2 4163:Bleu – Histoire d'une couleur 3597:Bleu – Histoire d'une couleur 3508: 2990:, the colours of the British 2697:and other British craftsmen. 2636:(1780s) (Metropolitan Museum) 2312: 1157:, in his wave paintings, and 1004: 826:for his invention. Nakamura, 582:Several languages, including 9270:Traditional colours of Japan 9047:Achromatic colours (Neutral) 8930:Multi-primary colour display 6253:Balfour-Paul, Jenny (1998). 6163:Bleu: Histoire d'une couleur 6012:Conservative Party of Canada 5316:Moorey, Peter Roger (1999). 5122:Moorey, Peter Roger (1999). 4324:Glenn S. Smith (July 2005). 4191:New York: McGraw Hill p. 206 4133:"Iridescence in Lepidoptera" 3864:"Glossary Term: Color wheel" 3803:Center for Science Education 3671:A New Dictionary of Heraldry 3669:Friar, Stephen, ed. (1987). 3423:Conservative Party of Canada 3345:Indian national cricket team 3317:Asian Football Confederation 2967:, a local crop, rather than 2776:New York City police in 1871 2146:, about 75% have blue eyes. 1526: 679:In painting and traditional 7: 9766:Ultra-high-energy gamma ray 8704:Spectral power distribution 6161:Pastoureau, Michel (2000). 5410:Les mosaiques a fond d'azur 5372:The American Anthropologist 4478:Umbers, Kate D. L. (2013). 4333:American Journal of Physics 3461: 3354: 3034:is depicted with blue skin 3012: 2982:. The militia organized by 2886: 2816:Starry Night Over the Rhône 2437:(1130–1140), coloured with 2401: 2269:funeral mask of Tutankhamun 1954:, where blue is created by 1643: 1592:, hence our "blue planet". 1393:involves the production of 1370:). The chromophore in blue 1232:The Great Wave off Kanagawa 824:Millennium Technology Prize 699:The RYB model was used for 683:, blue is one of the three 610: 565: 547: 340:contains some green, while 306:RGB (additive) colour model 10: 10434: 9761:Very-high-energy gamma ray 9130:Colour realism (art style) 8788:Evolution of colour vision 6298:10.1038/s41598-021-98550-3 5766:"The Spirit of Notre Dame" 4204:. The Tate. Archived from 4103:"Laserglow – Optogenetics" 3760:Tim Howard (20 May 2012). 3523:"CSS Color Module Level 3" 3427:Liberal Party of Australia 3347:wears blue uniform during 2879: 2389:, which eventually became 2160: 2156: 2039: 1867: 1535: 1309: 1255:Dyes for textiles and food 1164:In 1799 a French chemist, 1133:, and later his successor 1008: 986: 898: 873:particle image velocimetry 845: 792: 712:with reasonable accuracy. 285:: Normalized to (hundred) 18: 10344: 10204: 10195: 10119: 10046: 9975: 9903: 9855: 9797: 9774: 9751: 9680: 9612: 9584: 9497: 9447:List of colours (compact) 9422: 9415: 9366: 9285: 9265:Colour in Chinese culture 9235: 9167: 9158: 9077: 9010: 8999: 8988: 8888: 8835: 8717: 8640: 8631: 8590: 8570: 8272: 8223: 7373: 7310: 6460: 6368:: Stirling Publications. 5954:Stone, Terry Lee (2006). 4787:10.1186/s12864-020-6719-5 4457:. Springer. p. 283. 3868:Sanford-artedventures.com 3850:The Principles of Optics. 3762:"Why Isn't the Sky Blue?" 3372:, approximates "sky blue" 3261: 2860:(The Blue Rider) school. 2764:in light blue gown (1853) 2689:and English craftsmen in 2620:(c. 1700) (Louvre Museum) 2385:, from the Germanic word 2249:Indus Valley civilisation 1898:have iridescent feathers. 841: 602: 559: 541: 460:Etymology and linguistics 276: 266: 236: 209: 182: 172: 160: 147: 134: 127: 40: 35: 30: 9674:Electromagnetic spectrum 9452:List of colours by shade 8915:Digital image processing 8648:Electromagnetic spectrum 8585:Articles related to Blue 7159:Royal blue (traditional) 6843:International Klein Blue 6645:Celestial Blue (Crayola) 6284:(19095). Nature: 19095. 6135:Gemstones of Afghanistan 5744:"Your question answered" 5322:. Eisenbrauns. pp. 5054:University of Copenhagen 4379:"Why Is the Ocean Blue?" 4377:Anne Marie Helmenstine. 4053:"Nobel Prize in Physics" 3717:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00761 3675:Alphabooks/A&C Black 3458:on the right using red. 3303:(the Blues). Similarly, 2616:in coronation robes, by 2433:Stained glass window at 2232:, and in other mines in 2102:, and are also found in 1359:(milori blue: primarily 649:Optics and colour theory 381:blue and white porcelain 9457:List of colour palettes 8492:Purple mountain majesty 8013:Purple mountain majesty 6227:Lours, Mathieu (2020). 6208:Varichon, Anne (2005). 6193:. Thames & Hudson. 5648:30 January 2008 at the 5352:Science and Archaeology 4187:Maerz and Paul (1930). 3896:Applied Physics Letters 3704:Frontiers in Psychology 3431:Liberal Party of Brazil 3419:Conservative Party (UK) 3050:island (Thira), Greece. 2399:, from the Arabic word 2035: 1582:atmospheric perspective 1381: 1324:and its close relative 1234:illustrates the use of 705:Jacob Christoph Le Blon 620: 506: 500:origin, related to the 492: 483: 477: 280:: Normalized to (byte) 108:Red-legged honeycreeper 104:Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque 9722: 8680:Structural colouration 8314:Lavender (Crayola (I)) 7716:Lavender (Crayola (I)) 7154:Royal Blue (web color) 5536: 4922:10.1006/exer.1998.0518 4303:"Why is the sky Blue?" 3824:"The Science of Color" 3315:wear blue shirts. The 3230:hoisted outside every 2876:In society and culture 2866:abstract expressionist 2831:"The Conversation" by 2507: 2497:windows coloured with 2412:. At certain times in 2405:, which became azure. 2395: 2381: 2375: 2369: 2363: 2357: 2351: 2345: 2339: 2333: 2236:province in northeast 2055: 2042:Eye colour § Blue 2006:structural colouration 1910:Blue facial ridges of 1825:Blue Delphinium flower 1284: 1276: 1263:Chemical structure of 995:structural colouration 989:Structural colouration 983:As a structural colour 913: 836:Nobel Prize in Physics 788: 746:liquid-crystal display 596: 571: 553: 371:, to make the pigment 9721: 9462:List of colour spaces 9381:Color Marketing Group 9136:On Vision and Colours 9069:Tinctures in heraldry 9052:Polychromatic colours 9037:Complementary colours 9025:Monochromatic colours 6113:Ball, Philip (2001). 5554:Mark Rothko 1903–1970 5102:A Closer Look- Colour 4648:Nature Communications 4523:. Entomology Series. 4189:A Dictionary of Color 3963:U.S. patent 5,578,839 3771:(Podcast). Linguist: 3349:One day international 3003:City of London Police 2508:"bleu de Saint-Denis" 2267:. It was used in the 2263:, and as far away as 2049: 1926:Blue poison dart frog 1562:200 metres (see 1536:Further information: 1482:stained glass windows 1282: 1262: 1202:copper phthalocyanine 1166:Louis Jacques Thénard 1123:Johann Jacob Diesbach 1053:Copper phthalocyanine 987:Further information: 908: 895:Shades and variations 740:Red, green, and blue 662:470 nanometres. 21:Blue (disambiguation) 9442:List of colours: N–Z 9437:List of colours: G–M 9432:List of colours: A–F 9354:Tint, shade and tone 9237:Cultural differences 8472:Periwinkle (Crayola) 7919:Periwinkle (Crayola) 7075:Periwinkle (Crayola) 6477:Air superiority blue 6412:at Wikimedia Commons 6356:Mollo, John (1991). 6189:Travis, Tim (2020). 6142:Heller, Eva (2009). 5906:Historicalkits.co.uk 5845:Sikh Rehat Maryada: 5754:on 4 September 2006. 5600:on 19 November 2014. 5588:Walter H. Bradford. 5082:on 10 September 2012 4714:(Pt 12): 2157–2172. 4007:"Dr. Shuji Nakamura" 3677:. pp. 40, 343. 2731:Maria II of Portugal 2491:Saint Denis Basilica 2435:Saint Denis Basilica 2168:In the ancient world 2002:picturesque dragonet 1811:Vaccinium corymbosum 1608:when seen from space 1542:Why is the sky blue? 783:Munsell colour wheel 296:is one of the three 129:Spectral coordinates 9807:Extreme ultraviolet 9489:List of web colours 9484:List of RAL colours 8890:Colour reproduction 8855:Lüscher colour test 8692:Colour of chemicals 8393:Maximum Blue Purple 7805:Maximum Blue Purple 7258:United Nations Blue 6932:Maximum Blue Purple 6290:2021NatSR..1119095J 5824:Stevens, Samantha. 5195:2016NatSR...626555S 4992:10.1021/j150239a007 4660:2015NatCo...6.7959P 4383:About.com Education 4345:2005AmJPh..73..590S 4161:Michel Pastoureau, 3909:1994ApPhL..64.1687N 3874:on 7 September 2008 3595:Michel Pastoureau, 3142:Ark of the Covenant 2999:Metropolitan Police 2650:Maria I of Portugal 2614:Louis XIV of France 1862:Santalum acuminatum 1754:Italian Renaissance 1622:Rayleigh scattering 1620:Another example of 1548:Rayleigh scattering 1538:Rayleigh scattering 1484:, such as those in 1439:cobalt(II) chloride 1401:Inorganic compounds 659:dominant wavelength 346:Rayleigh scattering 330:dominant wavelength 9812:Vacuum ultraviolet 9723: 8898:Colour photography 8850:Colour preferences 8793:Impossible colours 8783:Colour vision test 8778:Colour temperature 8756:Colour calibration 8685:Animal colouration 8403:Middle Blue Purple 8265:Shades of lavender 7830:Middle Blue Purple 7810:Maximum Red Purple 7317:St. Patrick's blue 6927:Maximum Blue Green 5863:www.sikhmuseum.com 5565:Heller (2010) p.31 5505:Heller (2010) p.32 5183:Scientific Reports 4838:10.2108/zsj.15.323 4825:Zoological Science 4668:10.1038/ncomms8959 4601:10.2108/zsj.12.811 4588:Zoological Science 4484:Journal of Zoology 4432:10.1007/BF02003967 4208:on 16 October 2018 4058:The New York Times 4051:(7 October 2014). 3779:on 25 October 2018 3456:People Power Party 2986:selected blue and 2513:Chartres Cathedral 2454:Chartres Cathedral 2420:In the Middle Ages 2118:, most notably in 2084:Tyndall scattering 2080:stroma of the iris 2056: 2052:Tyndall scattering 1505:copper(II) sulfate 1300:Brilliant blue FCF 1285: 1277: 914: 869:Raman spectroscopy 805:Nichia Corporation 358:aerial perspective 308:. It lies between 231:(240°, 100%, 100%) 112:Copper(II) sulfate 10370: 10369: 10364: 10363: 10153: 10152: 9857:Visible (optical) 9640: 9639: 9580: 9579: 9362: 9361: 9286:Colour dimensions 9275:Human skin colour 9154: 9153: 9144:Theory of Colours 9042:Analogous colours 8986: 8985: 8920:Colour management 8837:Colour psychology 8719:Colour perception 8577: 8576: 8565: 8564: 8541:Twilight lavender 8363:Lavender (floral) 8230: 8229: 8218: 8217: 8151:Twilight lavender 7820:Medium slate blue 7731:Lavender (floral) 7395:Baker-Miller pink 7331: 7330: 7305: 7304: 6981:Medium slate blue 6408:Media related to 6375:978-0-8069-8240-3 6360:. Illustrated by 6264:978-0-7141-1776-8 6238:978-2-755-80845-2 6219:978-2-02-084697-4 6200:978-0-500-48027-4 6172:978-2-02-086991-1 6153:978-2-35017-156-2 6124:978-2-7541-0503-3 6063:Los Angeles Times 5967:978-1-59253-192-9 5461:, pp. 51–52. 5449:, pp. 44–47. 5414:Etudes Byzantines 5337:978-1-57506-042-2 5306:, pp. 13–17. 5204:10.1038/srep26555 5135:978-1-57506-042-2 5110:978-1-85709-442-8 4960:978-0-520-03699-4 4720:10.1242/jeb.00989 4626:. 11 August 2015. 4561:978-953-51-0431-5 4497:10.1111/jzo.12001 4464:978-0-387-77334-6 4353:10.1119/1.1858479 4288:978-3-527-30673-2 4273:. pp. 1–12. 4248:10.1021/jf501419q 4242:(28): 6498–6511. 4165:, pp. 114–16 3938:Nakamura, Shuji. 3684:978-0-906670-44-6 3557:978-3-11-064320-6 3337:American football 3217:Guru Gobind Singh 2984:George Washington 2701:19th-20th century 2612:Portrait of King 2552:Richard Sackville 2472:(1395–1399). The 2318:, the blue glaze 2222:7th millennium BC 1988:. Blue-pigmented 1985:Graphium sarpedon 1853:Pollia condensata 1794:Ipomoea acuminata 1554:and confirmed by 1492:beginning in the 1486:Gothic cathedrals 1194:organic chemistry 1100:, is the blue of 834:were awarded the 817:Nagoya University 557:) and dark blue ( 289: 288: 10425: 10413:Secondary colors 10398:Optical spectrum 10388:Shades of violet 10352: 10351: 10189: 10180: 10173: 10166: 10157: 10156: 9744: 9742: 9735: 9728: 9667: 9660: 9653: 9644: 9643: 9630: 9629: 9620: 9619: 9420: 9419: 9165: 9164: 9097:Secondary colour 9008: 9007: 8994: 8870:National colours 8865:Political colour 8845:Colour symbolism 8803:Opponent process 8761:Colour constancy 8739:Colour blindness 8670:Spectral colours 8638: 8637: 8617: 8610: 8603: 8594: 8593: 8581: 8580: 8319:Languid lavender 8299:English lavender 8275: 8274: 8266: 8257: 8250: 8243: 8234: 8233: 7840:Mountbatten pink 7672:Languid lavender 7563:English lavender 7376: 7375: 7367: 7366:Shades of violet 7358: 7351: 7344: 7335: 7334: 7179:Silver Lake Blue 6660:Chefchaouen Blue 6487:Argentinian Blue 6463: 6462: 6454: 6445: 6438: 6431: 6422: 6421: 6407: 6393: 6379: 6362:Malcolm McGregor 6352: 6350: 6348: 6339:. Archived from 6327: 6309: 6268: 6242: 6223: 6204: 6185: 6176: 6157: 6138: 6128: 6100: 6099: 6097: 6095: 6080: 6074: 6073: 6071: 6069: 6054: 6048: 6047: 6045: 6043: 6029: 6023: 6022: 6020: 6018: 6008:"Official Logos" 6004: 5998: 5997: 5995: 5993: 5978: 5972: 5971: 5951: 5945: 5942: 5936: 5935: 5928: 5922: 5921: 5919: 5917: 5898: 5892: 5891: 5889: 5887: 5873: 5867: 5866: 5855: 5849: 5843: 5837: 5822: 5816: 5815: 5813: 5811: 5800:Theboard.byu.edu 5792: 5786: 5785: 5783: 5781: 5762: 5756: 5755: 5750:. Archived from 5740: 5734: 5731: 5725: 5719: 5713: 5697: 5691: 5677: 5671: 5659: 5653: 5640: 5634: 5628: 5622: 5608: 5602: 5601: 5596:. Archived from 5585: 5579: 5572: 5566: 5563: 5557: 5551: 5545: 5539: 5533: 5527: 5512: 5506: 5503: 5492: 5489: 5483: 5480: 5474: 5468: 5462: 5456: 5450: 5444: 5438: 5435: 5429: 5423: 5417: 5406: 5400: 5394: 5388: 5381: 5375: 5368: 5362: 5348: 5342: 5341: 5313: 5307: 5300: 5294: 5291: 5285: 5280: 5274: 5273: 5249: 5243: 5242: 5224: 5206: 5174: 5168: 5167: 5165: 5163: 5149: 5140: 5139: 5119: 5113: 5098: 5092: 5091: 5089: 5087: 5078:. Archived from 5067: 5056: 5050: 5044: 5043: 5042:on 26 July 2011. 5038:. Archived from 5028: 5022: 5021: 5014:The Boston Globe 5005: 4996: 4995: 4975: 4969: 4968: 4944: 4935: 4934: 4924: 4900: 4894: 4893: 4870:Pigment Cell Res 4865: 4859: 4858: 4840: 4816: 4810: 4809: 4799: 4789: 4761: 4755: 4754: 4752: 4705: 4696: 4690: 4689: 4679: 4634: 4628: 4627: 4620: 4614: 4613: 4603: 4579: 4573: 4572: 4570: 4568: 4543: 4537: 4536: 4534: 4532: 4508: 4502: 4501: 4499: 4475: 4469: 4468: 4450: 4444: 4443: 4414:Lactarius indigo 4409: 4403: 4397: 4391: 4390: 4374: 4368: 4367: 4361: 4330: 4321: 4315: 4314: 4299: 4293: 4292: 4266: 4260: 4259: 4231: 4218: 4217: 4215: 4213: 4198: 4192: 4185: 4179: 4172: 4166: 4159: 4153: 4152: 4150: 4148: 4129: 4123: 4122: 4120: 4118: 4099: 4093: 4092: 4090: 4088: 4069: 4063: 4062: 4045: 4039: 4033: 4027: 4026: 4024: 4022: 4017:on 11 April 2019 4013:. Archived from 4003: 3997: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3987:on 24 March 2023 3973: 3967: 3965: 3958: 3952: 3951: 3949: 3947: 3935: 3929: 3928: 3917:10.1063/1.111832 3890: 3884: 3883: 3881: 3879: 3870:. Archived from 3862:Sandra Espinet. 3859: 3853: 3846: 3840: 3839: 3837: 3835: 3820: 3814: 3813: 3811: 3809: 3795: 3789: 3788: 3786: 3784: 3757: 3748: 3747: 3737: 3719: 3695: 3689: 3688: 3666: 3660: 3654: 3648: 3642: 3636: 3635: 3633: 3631: 3625:today.yougov.com 3617: 3611: 3605: 3599: 3593: 3587: 3586: 3584: 3582: 3568: 3562: 3561: 3541: 3535: 3534: 3519: 3504: 3494: 3473:Lists of colours 3452:Democratic Party 3443:Republican Party 3439:Democratic Party 3397: 3381: 3365: 3287: 3272: 3194:Samudra Manthana 3079: 3062:Persian blue in 3059: 3043: 3023: 2946:Officers of the 2943: 2931: 2916: 2897: 2858:Der Blaue Reiter 2828: 2810: 2773: 2758: 2746: 2735:gold embroidered 2726: 2711: 2666:Johannes Vermeer 2661: 2645: 2629: 2618:Hyacinthe Rigaud 2609: 2594: 2579: 2567: 2540:and highlights. 2510: 2465: 2449: 2430: 2410:Prophet Mohammed 2404: 2398: 2384: 2378: 2372: 2366: 2360: 2354: 2348: 2342: 2336: 2317: 2314: 2271:(1341–1323 BC). 2220:As early as the 2208: 2193: 2178: 2151:white population 2074:of light by the 2018:morpho butterfly 1936: 1922: 1907: 1892: 1882:Morpho butterfly 1878: 1839:Lactarius indigo 1834: 1822: 1806: 1788: 1774: 1764:Plants and fungi 1739: 1698: 1682: 1668: 1654: 1632: 1617: 1601: 1448: 1433: 1413: 1369: 1354: 1330:tempera painting 1273:organic compound 1246: 1228: 1213: 1198:Indanthrone blue 1182:Christian Gmelin 1149:, made from the 1141:. It was called 1110:Artificial blues 1099: 1098: 1091: 1090: 1077: 1063: 1049: 1035: 1021: 926:visible spectrum 755:HSV colour wheel 737: 721: 694:RYB colour model 670:visible spectrum 625: 613: 607: 606: 599: 574: 568: 562: 561: 556: 550: 544: 543: 509: 495: 486: 480: 302:RYB colour model 262: 257: 232: 227: 205: 200: 167: 166: 140:approx. 450–495 116:Marshall Islands 94: 83: 76: 65: 58: 51: 28: 27: 10433: 10432: 10428: 10427: 10426: 10424: 10423: 10422: 10373: 10372: 10371: 10366: 10365: 10360: 10340: 10339: 10338: 10337: 10336: 10330: 10329: 10328: 10322: 10321: 10320: 10314: 10313: 10312: 10306: 10305: 10304: 10298: 10297: 10296: 10290: 10289: 10288: 10282: 10281: 10280: 10274: 10273: 10272: 10262: 10261: 10260: 10254: 10253: 10252: 10246: 10245: 10244: 10238: 10237: 10236: 10230: 10229: 10228: 10222: 10221: 10220: 10214: 10213: 10212: 10200: 10191: 10187: 10184: 10154: 10149: 10115: 10042: 10017: 10003: 9971: 9899: 9851: 9793: 9770: 9747: 9740: 9733: 9726: 9724: 9676: 9671: 9641: 9636: 9608: 9576: 9493: 9411: 9368: 9358: 9281: 9260:Blue in culture 9256:Colour history 9231: 9150: 9124:Colour analysis 9119:Colour triangle 9073: 9030:black-and-white 9002: 8995: 8982: 8925:Colour printing 8884: 8831: 8713: 8627: 8621: 8586: 8578: 8573: 8566: 8536:Tropical indigo 8268: 8264: 8261: 8231: 8226: 8219: 8146:Tropical indigo 7662:Japanese violet 7553:Electric violet 7548:Electric purple 7509:Electric indigo 7369: 7365: 7362: 7332: 7327: 7326: 7312:Related topics: 7306: 7144:Resolution Blue 7095:Polynesian blue 7055:Palatinate blue 6808:Electric indigo 6456: 6452: 6449: 6386: 6376: 6346: 6344: 6343:on 24 June 2022 6265: 6249: 6247:Further reading 6239: 6220: 6201: 6173: 6154: 6125: 6109: 6104: 6103: 6093: 6091: 6090:on 8 March 2023 6082: 6081: 6077: 6067: 6065: 6055: 6051: 6041: 6039: 6031: 6030: 6026: 6016: 6014: 6006: 6005: 6001: 5991: 5989: 5988:. 20 April 2006 5980: 5979: 5975: 5968: 5952: 5948: 5943: 5939: 5930: 5929: 5925: 5915: 5913: 5900: 5899: 5895: 5885: 5883: 5875: 5874: 5870: 5857: 5856: 5852: 5844: 5840: 5823: 5819: 5809: 5807: 5794: 5793: 5789: 5779: 5777: 5764: 5763: 5759: 5742: 5741: 5737: 5732: 5728: 5720: 5716: 5698: 5694: 5678: 5674: 5660: 5656: 5650:Wayback Machine 5641: 5637: 5629: 5625: 5609: 5605: 5586: 5582: 5573: 5569: 5564: 5560: 5552: 5548: 5534: 5530: 5513: 5509: 5504: 5495: 5490: 5486: 5481: 5477: 5469: 5465: 5459:Pastoureau 2000 5457: 5453: 5447:Pastoureau 2000 5445: 5441: 5436: 5432: 5424: 5420: 5407: 5403: 5397:Pastoureau 2000 5395: 5391: 5385:The Gallic Wars 5382: 5378: 5369: 5365: 5349: 5345: 5338: 5314: 5310: 5304:Pastoureau 2000 5301: 5297: 5292: 5288: 5281: 5277: 5256:. 72/73: 1–42. 5250: 5246: 5175: 5171: 5161: 5159: 5151: 5150: 5143: 5136: 5120: 5116: 5099: 5095: 5085: 5083: 5068: 5059: 5051: 5047: 5030: 5029: 5025: 5006: 4999: 4976: 4972: 4961: 4945: 4938: 4901: 4897: 4866: 4862: 4817: 4813: 4768:Oophaga pumilio 4762: 4758: 4750: 4703: 4697: 4693: 4635: 4631: 4622: 4621: 4617: 4580: 4576: 4566: 4564: 4562: 4544: 4540: 4530: 4528: 4509: 4505: 4476: 4472: 4465: 4451: 4447: 4410: 4406: 4398: 4394: 4375: 4371: 4359: 4328: 4322: 4318: 4301: 4300: 4296: 4289: 4267: 4263: 4232: 4221: 4211: 4209: 4200: 4199: 4195: 4186: 4182: 4173: 4169: 4160: 4156: 4146: 4144: 4143:on 7 April 2014 4131: 4130: 4126: 4116: 4114: 4101: 4100: 4096: 4086: 4084: 4071: 4070: 4066: 4049:Overbye, Dennis 4046: 4042: 4034: 4030: 4020: 4018: 4005: 4004: 4000: 3990: 3988: 3975: 3974: 3970: 3961: 3959: 3955: 3945: 3943: 3942:. SPIE Newsroom 3936: 3932: 3891: 3887: 3877: 3875: 3860: 3856: 3847: 3843: 3833: 3831: 3822: 3821: 3817: 3807: 3805: 3797: 3796: 3792: 3782: 3780: 3769:at WNYC Studios 3758: 3751: 3696: 3692: 3685: 3667: 3663: 3655: 3651: 3643: 3639: 3629: 3627: 3619: 3618: 3614: 3606: 3602: 3594: 3590: 3580: 3578: 3570: 3569: 3565: 3558: 3542: 3538: 3521: 3520: 3516: 3511: 3497: 3487: 3468:Engineer's blue 3464: 3401: 3398: 3389: 3382: 3373: 3366: 3357: 3291: 3288: 3279: 3273: 3264: 3246:) (Surmaaee in 3092:Blue in Judaism 3086: 3080: 3071: 3060: 3051: 3044: 3035: 3024: 3015: 2951: 2944: 2935: 2932: 2923: 2917: 2908: 2898: 2889: 2884: 2882:Blue in culture 2878: 2852:art group, and 2846:Pavel Kuznetsov 2836: 2829: 2820: 2811: 2777: 2774: 2765: 2759: 2750: 2747: 2738: 2727: 2718: 2712: 2703: 2695:Josiah Wedgwood 2673: 2662: 2653: 2646: 2637: 2634:Josiah Wedgwood 2630: 2621: 2610: 2601: 2595: 2586: 2580: 2571: 2568: 2537: 2517:Sainte-Chapelle 2503:Christian world 2477: 2466: 2457: 2450: 2441: 2431: 2422: 2325:Pliny the Elder 2315: 2287:from the Upper 2216: 2209: 2200: 2194: 2185: 2179: 2170: 2165: 2163:Blue in culture 2159: 2112:Southern Europe 2100:Northern Europe 2044: 2038: 1944: 1937: 1928: 1923: 1914: 1908: 1899: 1896:Indigo buntings 1893: 1884: 1879: 1870: 1842: 1835: 1826: 1823: 1814: 1807: 1798: 1791:Morning glory ( 1789: 1780: 1778:Primula acaulis 1775: 1766: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1704: 1699: 1690: 1683: 1674: 1669: 1660: 1655: 1646: 1640: 1636: 1633: 1624: 1618: 1609: 1602: 1556:Albert Einstein 1544: 1534: 1529: 1521:vanadyl sulfate 1515:O). Similarly, 1514: 1510: 1488:and in Chinese 1458: 1457: 1456: 1455: 1454: 1452:Vanadyl sulfate 1449: 1441: 1440: 1434: 1426: 1425: 1423: 1419: 1414: 1403: 1384: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1314: 1308: 1257: 1250: 1247: 1238: 1229: 1220: 1214: 1135:Nicolas Lancret 1131:Antoine Watteau 1112: 1105: 1097: 1094: 1093: 1092: 1089: 1086: 1085: 1084: 1078: 1069: 1064: 1055: 1050: 1041: 1036: 1027: 1022: 1013: 1007: 991: 985: 977:List of colours 903: 897: 889:optical pumping 850: 844: 807:. In parallel, 797: 791: 749: 738: 729: 726:primary colours 722: 701:colour printing 685:primary colours 651: 502:Old High German 462: 379:to colour fine 298:primary colours 281: 261:(32, 131, 266°) 260: 242: 237: 230: 210: 203: 183: 161: 123: 100: 99: 98: 97: 96: 95: 86: 85: 84: 77: 68: 67: 66: 59: 52: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 10431: 10421: 10420: 10415: 10410: 10408:Rainbow colors 10405: 10403:Primary colors 10400: 10395: 10390: 10385: 10383:Shades of blue 10368: 10367: 10362: 10361: 10359: 10358: 10345: 10342: 10341: 10335: 10331: 10327: 10323: 10319: 10315: 10311: 10307: 10303: 10299: 10295: 10291: 10287: 10283: 10279: 10275: 10271: 10263: 10259: 10255: 10251: 10247: 10243: 10239: 10235: 10231: 10227: 10223: 10219: 10215: 10211: 10207: 10206: 10205: 10202: 10201: 10196: 10193: 10192: 10183: 10182: 10175: 10168: 10160: 10151: 10150: 10148: 10147: 10142: 10137: 10132: 10126: 10124: 10117: 10116: 10114: 10113: 10108: 10103: 10098: 10093: 10088: 10083: 10078: 10073: 10068: 10063: 10058: 10052: 10050: 10044: 10043: 10041: 10040: 10035: 10030: 10025: 10020: 10015: 10011: 10006: 10001: 9997: 9992: 9987: 9981: 9979: 9973: 9972: 9970: 9969: 9964: 9959: 9937: 9932: 9909: 9907: 9901: 9900: 9898: 9897: 9892: 9887: 9882: 9877: 9872: 9867: 9861: 9859: 9853: 9852: 9850: 9849: 9844: 9839: 9834: 9829: 9824: 9819: 9814: 9809: 9803: 9801: 9795: 9794: 9792: 9791: 9786: 9780: 9778: 9772: 9771: 9769: 9768: 9763: 9757: 9755: 9749: 9748: 9746: 9745: 9712: 9707: 9702: 9697: 9692: 9687: 9681: 9678: 9677: 9670: 9669: 9662: 9655: 9647: 9638: 9637: 9635: 9634: 9624: 9613: 9610: 9609: 9607: 9606: 9601: 9596: 9590: 9588: 9582: 9581: 9578: 9577: 9575: 9574: 9569: 9564: 9559: 9554: 9549: 9544: 9539: 9534: 9529: 9524: 9519: 9514: 9509: 9503: 9501: 9495: 9494: 9492: 9491: 9486: 9481: 9476: 9475: 9474: 9464: 9459: 9454: 9449: 9444: 9439: 9434: 9428: 9426: 9417: 9413: 9412: 9410: 9409: 9404: 9399: 9393: 9388: 9383: 9378: 9372: 9370: 9364: 9363: 9360: 9359: 9357: 9356: 9351: 9346: 9345: 9344: 9339: 9334: 9329: 9324: 9314: 9313: 9312: 9310:Pastel colours 9302: 9301: 9300: 9289: 9287: 9283: 9282: 9280: 9279: 9278: 9277: 9272: 9267: 9262: 9254: 9253: 9252: 9241: 9239: 9233: 9232: 9230: 9229: 9224: 9219: 9214: 9209: 9204: 9199: 9194: 9189: 9184: 9179: 9173: 9171: 9162: 9156: 9155: 9152: 9151: 9149: 9148: 9140: 9139:(Schopenhauer) 9132: 9127: 9121: 9116: 9111: 9106: 9101: 9100: 9099: 9094: 9092:Primary colour 9083: 9081: 9075: 9074: 9072: 9071: 9066: 9061: 9056: 9055: 9054: 9049: 9044: 9039: 9034: 9033: 9032: 9016: 9014: 9005: 8997: 8996: 8989: 8987: 8984: 8983: 8981: 8980: 8978:Colour mapping 8975: 8970: 8969: 8968: 8967: 8966: 8956: 8955: 8954: 8939: 8938: 8937: 8932: 8922: 8917: 8912: 8911: 8910: 8905: 8903:Colour balance 8894: 8892: 8886: 8885: 8883: 8882: 8877: 8872: 8867: 8862: 8860:Kruithof curve 8857: 8852: 8847: 8841: 8839: 8833: 8832: 8830: 8829: 8822: 8817: 8816: 8815: 8810: 8800: 8795: 8790: 8785: 8780: 8775: 8774: 8773: 8763: 8758: 8753: 8752: 8751: 8746: 8736: 8735: 8734: 8732:Sonochromatism 8723: 8721: 8715: 8714: 8712: 8711: 8706: 8701: 8700: 8699: 8689: 8688: 8687: 8682: 8672: 8667: 8666: 8665: 8660: 8655: 8644: 8642: 8641:Colour physics 8635: 8633:Colour science 8629: 8628: 8620: 8619: 8612: 8605: 8597: 8591: 8588: 8587: 8575: 8574: 8571: 8568: 8567: 8563: 8562: 8559: 8556: 8553: 8549: 8548: 8543: 8538: 8533: 8527: 8526: 8523: 8520: 8517: 8514: 8511: 8508: 8505: 8502: 8499: 8495: 8494: 8489: 8484: 8479: 8474: 8469: 8464: 8459: 8454: 8449: 8443: 8442: 8439: 8436: 8433: 8430: 8427: 8424: 8421: 8418: 8415: 8411: 8410: 8405: 8400: 8395: 8390: 8388:Light hot pink 8385: 8380: 8375: 8370: 8368:Lavender (web) 8365: 8359: 8358: 8355: 8352: 8349: 8346: 8343: 8340: 8337: 8334: 8331: 8327: 8326: 8324:Lavender blush 8321: 8316: 8311: 8306: 8301: 8296: 8291: 8286: 8281: 8273: 8270: 8269: 8260: 8259: 8252: 8245: 8237: 8228: 8227: 8224: 8221: 8220: 8216: 8215: 8212: 8209: 8206: 8203: 8200: 8197: 8194: 8191: 8188: 8184: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8168: 8163: 8158: 8153: 8148: 8143: 8141:Tickle Me Pink 8138: 8132: 8131: 8128: 8125: 8122: 8119: 8116: 8113: 8110: 8107: 8104: 8100: 8099: 8094: 8089: 8084: 8079: 8077:Russian violet 8074: 8069: 8064: 8059: 8057:Rebecca purple 8054: 8048: 8047: 8044: 8041: 8038: 8035: 8032: 8029: 8026: 8023: 8020: 8016: 8015: 8010: 8005: 8000: 7995: 7993:Pomp and Power 7990: 7985: 7983:Pink (Pantone) 7980: 7975: 7970: 7964: 7963: 7960: 7957: 7954: 7951: 7948: 7945: 7942: 7939: 7936: 7932: 7931: 7926: 7924:Persian indigo 7921: 7916: 7911: 7906: 7901: 7896: 7891: 7886: 7880: 7879: 7876: 7873: 7870: 7867: 7864: 7861: 7858: 7855: 7852: 7848: 7847: 7842: 7837: 7832: 7827: 7822: 7817: 7812: 7807: 7802: 7796: 7795: 7792: 7789: 7786: 7783: 7780: 7777: 7774: 7771: 7768: 7764: 7763: 7758: 7753: 7751:Majorelle Blue 7748: 7743: 7738: 7736:Lavender (web) 7733: 7728: 7723: 7718: 7712: 7711: 7708: 7705: 7702: 7699: 7696: 7693: 7690: 7687: 7684: 7680: 7679: 7677:Lavender blush 7674: 7669: 7664: 7659: 7654: 7649: 7644: 7639: 7634: 7628: 7627: 7624: 7621: 7618: 7615: 7612: 7609: 7606: 7603: 7600: 7596: 7595: 7590: 7585: 7580: 7575: 7570: 7568:English violet 7565: 7560: 7555: 7550: 7544: 7543: 7540: 7537: 7534: 7531: 7528: 7525: 7522: 7519: 7516: 7512: 7511: 7506: 7501: 7496: 7491: 7486: 7484:Chinese violet 7481: 7476: 7474:Celestial Blue 7471: 7469:Carnation pink 7466: 7460: 7459: 7456: 7453: 7450: 7447: 7444: 7441: 7438: 7435: 7432: 7428: 7427: 7422: 7417: 7412: 7407: 7402: 7397: 7392: 7387: 7382: 7380:African violet 7374: 7371: 7370: 7361: 7360: 7353: 7346: 7338: 7329: 7328: 7325: 7324: 7322:Shades of cyan 7319: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7307: 7303: 7302: 7299: 7296: 7293: 7290: 7287: 7284: 7281: 7278: 7275: 7271: 7270: 7265: 7260: 7255: 7250: 7245: 7240: 7235: 7230: 7225: 7219: 7218: 7215: 7212: 7209: 7206: 7203: 7200: 7197: 7194: 7191: 7187: 7186: 7181: 7176: 7171: 7166: 7161: 7156: 7151: 7146: 7141: 7135: 7134: 7131: 7128: 7125: 7122: 7119: 7116: 7113: 7110: 7107: 7103: 7102: 7097: 7092: 7087: 7082: 7077: 7072: 7067: 7062: 7057: 7051: 7050: 7047: 7044: 7041: 7038: 7035: 7032: 7029: 7026: 7023: 7019: 7018: 7013: 7011:Non-photo blue 7008: 7003: 6998: 6993: 6991:Blue (Munsell) 6988: 6983: 6978: 6973: 6967: 6966: 6963: 6960: 6957: 6954: 6951: 6948: 6945: 6942: 6939: 6935: 6934: 6929: 6924: 6919: 6914: 6912:Majorelle Blue 6909: 6907:Light Sky Blue 6904: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6883: 6882: 6879: 6876: 6873: 6870: 6867: 6864: 6861: 6858: 6855: 6851: 6850: 6845: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6820: 6815: 6810: 6805: 6799: 6798: 6795: 6792: 6789: 6786: 6783: 6780: 6777: 6774: 6771: 6767: 6766: 6761: 6756: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6736: 6731: 6726: 6724:Blue (Crayola) 6721: 6715: 6714: 6711: 6708: 6705: 6702: 6699: 6696: 6693: 6690: 6687: 6683: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6662: 6657: 6652: 6647: 6642: 6640:Celestial Blue 6637: 6631: 6630: 6627: 6624: 6621: 6618: 6615: 6612: 6609: 6606: 6603: 6599: 6598: 6596:Cambridge blue 6593: 6591:Byzantine blue 6588: 6583: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6551:Bleu de France 6547: 6546: 6543: 6540: 6537: 6534: 6531: 6528: 6525: 6522: 6519: 6515: 6514: 6509: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6472:Air Force blue 6469: 6461: 6458: 6457: 6453:Shades of blue 6448: 6447: 6440: 6433: 6425: 6419: 6418: 6413: 6401: 6385: 6384:External links 6382: 6381: 6380: 6374: 6353: 6328: 6269: 6263: 6248: 6245: 6244: 6243: 6237: 6224: 6218: 6205: 6199: 6186: 6177: 6171: 6158: 6152: 6139: 6130: 6123: 6108: 6105: 6102: 6101: 6075: 6049: 6024: 5999: 5973: 5966: 5946: 5937: 5934:. 3 July 2016. 5923: 5893: 5868: 5850: 5838: 5817: 5787: 5757: 5735: 5726: 5714: 5692: 5681:Numbers Rabbah 5672: 5654: 5635: 5623: 5603: 5580: 5567: 5558: 5546: 5528: 5507: 5493: 5484: 5475: 5473:, p. 165. 5463: 5451: 5439: 5430: 5428:, p. 175. 5418: 5401: 5389: 5376: 5363: 5343: 5336: 5308: 5295: 5286: 5275: 5244: 5169: 5141: 5134: 5114: 5093: 5057: 5045: 5036:altervista.org 5023: 4997: 4986:(5): 498–501. 4970: 4959: 4936: 4895: 4860: 4831:(3): 323–333. 4811: 4756: 4691: 4629: 4615: 4594:(6): 811–813. 4574: 4560: 4538: 4503: 4490:(4): 229–242. 4470: 4463: 4445: 4404: 4392: 4369: 4339:(7): 590–597. 4316: 4294: 4287: 4261: 4219: 4193: 4180: 4167: 4154: 4124: 4094: 4064: 4040: 4028: 3998: 3968: 3953: 3930: 3885: 3854: 3841: 3828:library.si.edu 3815: 3790: 3749: 3690: 3683: 3661: 3649: 3637: 3612: 3600: 3588: 3563: 3556: 3536: 3513: 3512: 3510: 3507: 3506: 3505: 3495: 3485: 3480: 3478:Non-photo blue 3475: 3470: 3463: 3460: 3411:European Union 3407:United Nations 3403: 3402: 3399: 3392: 3390: 3386:European Union 3383: 3376: 3374: 3370:United Nations 3367: 3360: 3356: 3353: 3293: 3292: 3289: 3282: 3280: 3274: 3267: 3263: 3260: 3259: 3258: 3251: 3205: 3164: 3157:Pope Gregory I 3145: 3088: 3087: 3081: 3074: 3072: 3061: 3054: 3052: 3045: 3038: 3036: 3025: 3018: 3014: 3011: 2953: 2952: 2945: 2938: 2936: 2933: 2926: 2924: 2918: 2911: 2909: 2899: 2892: 2888: 2885: 2877: 2874: 2838: 2837: 2830: 2823: 2821: 2812: 2805: 2791:Jacob W. Davis 2779: 2778: 2775: 2768: 2766: 2760: 2753: 2751: 2748: 2741: 2739: 2733:in a blue and 2728: 2721: 2719: 2713: 2706: 2702: 2699: 2675: 2674: 2663: 2656: 2654: 2647: 2640: 2638: 2631: 2624: 2622: 2611: 2604: 2602: 2596: 2589: 2587: 2581: 2574: 2572: 2569: 2562: 2536: 2533: 2479: 2478: 2470:Wilton Diptych 2467: 2460: 2458: 2451: 2444: 2442: 2432: 2425: 2421: 2418: 2316: 2500 BC 2285:cave paintings 2218: 2217: 2210: 2203: 2201: 2195: 2188: 2186: 2180: 2173: 2169: 2166: 2158: 2155: 2078:medium in the 2040:Main article: 2037: 2034: 2014:indigo bunting 1994:chromatophores 1970:(specifically 1946: 1945: 1938: 1931: 1929: 1924: 1917: 1915: 1909: 1902: 1900: 1894: 1887: 1885: 1880: 1873: 1869: 1866: 1844: 1843: 1836: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1817: 1815: 1808: 1801: 1799: 1790: 1783: 1781: 1776: 1769: 1765: 1762: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1706: 1705: 1702:Logan sapphire 1700: 1693: 1691: 1684: 1677: 1675: 1670: 1663: 1661: 1656: 1649: 1645: 1642: 1638: 1637: 1634: 1627: 1625: 1619: 1612: 1610: 1603: 1596: 1586:scattered more 1568:euphotic depth 1533: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1512: 1508: 1460:Certain metal 1450: 1443: 1442: 1435: 1428: 1427: 1421: 1417: 1415: 1408: 1407: 1406: 1405: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1383: 1380: 1374:and glazes is 1366: 1362: 1351: 1347: 1307: 1304: 1256: 1253: 1252: 1251: 1248: 1241: 1239: 1230: 1223: 1221: 1215: 1208: 1111: 1108: 1107: 1106: 1095: 1087: 1079: 1072: 1070: 1065: 1058: 1056: 1051: 1044: 1042: 1037: 1030: 1028: 1023: 1016: 1009:Main article: 1006: 1003: 984: 981: 911:shades of blue 901:Shades of blue 899:Main article: 896: 893: 885:DNA sequencing 846:Main article: 843: 840: 801:Shuji Nakamura 793:Main article: 790: 787: 781:(based on the 751: 750: 739: 732: 730: 723: 716: 650: 647: 616:traffic signal 474:Middle English 466:modern English 461: 458: 406:European Union 402:United Nations 350:Tyndall effect 287: 286: 274: 273: 268: 264: 263: 258: 240: 234: 233: 228: 207: 206: 201: 180: 179: 176: 170: 169: 158: 157: 151: 145: 144: 138: 132: 131: 125: 124: 101: 89: 88: 87: 78: 71: 70: 69: 60: 53: 46: 45: 44: 43: 42: 41: 38: 37: 33: 32: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10430: 10419: 10416: 10414: 10411: 10409: 10406: 10404: 10401: 10399: 10396: 10394: 10391: 10389: 10386: 10384: 10381: 10380: 10378: 10357: 10356: 10347: 10346: 10343: 10334: 10326: 10318: 10310: 10302: 10294: 10286: 10278: 10270: 10266: 10258: 10250: 10242: 10234: 10226: 10218: 10210: 10203: 10199: 10194: 10190: 10181: 10176: 10174: 10169: 10167: 10162: 10161: 10158: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10136: 10133: 10131: 10128: 10127: 10125: 10122: 10118: 10112: 10109: 10107: 10104: 10102: 10099: 10097: 10094: 10092: 10089: 10087: 10084: 10082: 10079: 10077: 10074: 10072: 10069: 10067: 10064: 10062: 10059: 10057: 10054: 10053: 10051: 10049: 10045: 10039: 10036: 10034: 10031: 10029: 10026: 10024: 10021: 10019: 10012: 10010: 10007: 10005: 9998: 9996: 9993: 9991: 9988: 9986: 9983: 9982: 9980: 9978: 9974: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9960: 9957: 9953: 9949: 9945: 9941: 9938: 9936: 9933: 9930: 9926: 9922: 9918: 9914: 9911: 9910: 9908: 9906: 9902: 9896: 9893: 9891: 9888: 9886: 9883: 9881: 9878: 9876: 9873: 9871: 9868: 9866: 9863: 9862: 9860: 9858: 9854: 9848: 9845: 9843: 9840: 9838: 9835: 9833: 9830: 9828: 9825: 9823: 9820: 9818: 9815: 9813: 9810: 9808: 9805: 9804: 9802: 9800: 9796: 9790: 9787: 9785: 9782: 9781: 9779: 9777: 9773: 9767: 9764: 9762: 9759: 9758: 9756: 9754: 9750: 9743: 9739: 9732: 9720: 9716: 9713: 9711: 9708: 9706: 9703: 9701: 9698: 9696: 9693: 9691: 9688: 9686: 9683: 9682: 9679: 9675: 9668: 9663: 9661: 9656: 9654: 9649: 9648: 9645: 9633: 9625: 9623: 9615: 9614: 9611: 9605: 9602: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9591: 9589: 9587: 9583: 9573: 9570: 9568: 9565: 9563: 9560: 9558: 9555: 9553: 9550: 9548: 9545: 9543: 9540: 9538: 9535: 9533: 9530: 9528: 9525: 9523: 9520: 9518: 9515: 9513: 9510: 9508: 9505: 9504: 9502: 9500: 9496: 9490: 9487: 9485: 9482: 9480: 9477: 9473: 9470: 9469: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9453: 9450: 9448: 9445: 9443: 9440: 9438: 9435: 9433: 9430: 9429: 9427: 9425: 9421: 9418: 9414: 9408: 9405: 9403: 9400: 9397: 9394: 9392: 9389: 9387: 9384: 9382: 9379: 9377: 9374: 9373: 9371: 9369:organisations 9365: 9355: 9352: 9350: 9347: 9343: 9340: 9338: 9335: 9333: 9330: 9328: 9325: 9323: 9320: 9319: 9318: 9315: 9311: 9308: 9307: 9306: 9305:Colourfulness 9303: 9299: 9296: 9295: 9294: 9291: 9290: 9288: 9284: 9276: 9273: 9271: 9268: 9266: 9263: 9261: 9258: 9257: 9255: 9251: 9248: 9247: 9246: 9243: 9242: 9240: 9238: 9234: 9228: 9225: 9223: 9220: 9218: 9215: 9213: 9210: 9208: 9205: 9203: 9200: 9198: 9195: 9193: 9190: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9174: 9172: 9170: 9166: 9163: 9161: 9157: 9146: 9145: 9141: 9138: 9137: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9112: 9110: 9107: 9105: 9102: 9098: 9095: 9093: 9090: 9089: 9088: 9087:Colour mixing 9085: 9084: 9082: 9080: 9079:Colour theory 9076: 9070: 9067: 9065: 9062: 9060: 9059:Light-on-dark 9057: 9053: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9043: 9040: 9038: 9035: 9031: 9028: 9027: 9026: 9023: 9022: 9021: 9018: 9017: 9015: 9013: 9012:Colour scheme 9009: 9006: 9004: 8998: 8993: 8979: 8976: 8974: 8971: 8965: 8962: 8961: 8960: 8957: 8953: 8950: 8949: 8948: 8945: 8944: 8943: 8940: 8936: 8933: 8931: 8928: 8927: 8926: 8923: 8921: 8918: 8916: 8913: 8909: 8906: 8904: 8901: 8900: 8899: 8896: 8895: 8893: 8891: 8887: 8881: 8880:Chromotherapy 8878: 8876: 8873: 8871: 8868: 8866: 8863: 8861: 8858: 8856: 8853: 8851: 8848: 8846: 8843: 8842: 8840: 8838: 8834: 8828: 8827: 8823: 8821: 8820:Tetrachromacy 8818: 8814: 8811: 8809: 8806: 8805: 8804: 8801: 8799: 8796: 8794: 8791: 8789: 8786: 8784: 8781: 8779: 8776: 8772: 8769: 8768: 8767: 8764: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8750: 8747: 8745: 8744:Achromatopsia 8742: 8741: 8740: 8737: 8733: 8730: 8729: 8728: 8727:Chromesthesia 8725: 8724: 8722: 8720: 8716: 8710: 8707: 8705: 8702: 8698: 8695: 8694: 8693: 8690: 8686: 8683: 8681: 8678: 8677: 8676: 8673: 8671: 8668: 8664: 8661: 8659: 8656: 8654: 8651: 8650: 8649: 8646: 8645: 8643: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8630: 8625: 8618: 8613: 8611: 8606: 8604: 8599: 8598: 8595: 8589: 8582: 8569: 8560: 8557: 8554: 8551: 8550: 8547: 8544: 8542: 8539: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8529: 8528: 8524: 8521: 8518: 8515: 8512: 8509: 8506: 8503: 8500: 8497: 8496: 8493: 8490: 8488: 8485: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8477:Pink lavender 8475: 8473: 8470: 8468: 8465: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8457:Pale lavender 8455: 8453: 8450: 8448: 8445: 8444: 8440: 8437: 8434: 8431: 8428: 8425: 8422: 8419: 8416: 8413: 8412: 8409: 8406: 8404: 8401: 8399: 8398:Medium purple 8396: 8394: 8391: 8389: 8386: 8384: 8383:Lavender pink 8381: 8379: 8378:Lavender mist 8376: 8374: 8373:Lavender gray 8371: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8360: 8356: 8353: 8350: 8347: 8344: 8341: 8338: 8335: 8332: 8329: 8328: 8325: 8322: 8320: 8317: 8315: 8312: 8310: 8307: 8305: 8302: 8300: 8297: 8295: 8292: 8290: 8287: 8285: 8282: 8280: 8277: 8276: 8271: 8267: 8258: 8253: 8251: 8246: 8244: 8239: 8238: 8235: 8222: 8213: 8210: 8207: 8204: 8201: 8198: 8195: 8192: 8189: 8186: 8185: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8167: 8164: 8162: 8159: 8157: 8156:Tyrian purple 8154: 8152: 8149: 8147: 8144: 8142: 8139: 8137: 8134: 8133: 8129: 8126: 8123: 8120: 8117: 8114: 8111: 8108: 8105: 8102: 8101: 8098: 8095: 8093: 8090: 8088: 8085: 8083: 8080: 8078: 8075: 8073: 8070: 8068: 8065: 8063: 8060: 8058: 8055: 8053: 8050: 8049: 8045: 8042: 8039: 8036: 8033: 8030: 8027: 8024: 8021: 8018: 8017: 8014: 8011: 8009: 8006: 8004: 8001: 7999: 7996: 7994: 7991: 7989: 7986: 7984: 7981: 7979: 7978:Pink lavender 7976: 7974: 7971: 7969: 7966: 7965: 7961: 7958: 7955: 7952: 7949: 7946: 7943: 7940: 7937: 7934: 7933: 7930: 7927: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7907: 7905: 7904:Pale lavender 7902: 7900: 7897: 7895: 7892: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7882: 7881: 7877: 7874: 7871: 7868: 7865: 7862: 7859: 7856: 7853: 7850: 7849: 7846: 7843: 7841: 7838: 7836: 7833: 7831: 7828: 7826: 7823: 7821: 7818: 7816: 7815:Medium purple 7813: 7811: 7808: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7797: 7793: 7790: 7787: 7784: 7781: 7778: 7775: 7772: 7769: 7766: 7765: 7762: 7759: 7757: 7754: 7752: 7749: 7747: 7744: 7742: 7739: 7737: 7734: 7732: 7729: 7727: 7726:Lavender pink 7724: 7722: 7721:Lavender gray 7719: 7717: 7714: 7713: 7709: 7706: 7703: 7700: 7697: 7694: 7691: 7688: 7685: 7682: 7681: 7678: 7675: 7673: 7670: 7668: 7667:Jazzberry Jam 7665: 7663: 7660: 7658: 7655: 7653: 7650: 7648: 7645: 7643: 7640: 7638: 7635: 7633: 7630: 7629: 7625: 7622: 7619: 7616: 7613: 7610: 7607: 7604: 7601: 7598: 7597: 7594: 7593:French violet 7591: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7583:Fandango pink 7581: 7579: 7576: 7574: 7571: 7569: 7566: 7564: 7561: 7559: 7556: 7554: 7551: 7549: 7546: 7545: 7541: 7538: 7535: 7532: 7529: 7526: 7523: 7520: 7517: 7514: 7513: 7510: 7507: 7505: 7502: 7500: 7497: 7495: 7492: 7490: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7467: 7465: 7464:Caput mortuum 7462: 7461: 7457: 7454: 7451: 7448: 7445: 7442: 7439: 7436: 7433: 7430: 7429: 7426: 7423: 7421: 7418: 7416: 7413: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7403: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7393: 7391: 7388: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7378: 7377: 7372: 7368: 7359: 7354: 7352: 7347: 7345: 7340: 7339: 7336: 7323: 7320: 7318: 7315: 7314: 7309: 7300: 7297: 7294: 7291: 7288: 7285: 7282: 7279: 7276: 7273: 7272: 7269: 7266: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7231: 7229: 7226: 7224: 7221: 7220: 7216: 7213: 7210: 7207: 7204: 7201: 7198: 7195: 7192: 7189: 7188: 7185: 7182: 7180: 7177: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7139:Prussian blue 7137: 7136: 7132: 7129: 7126: 7123: 7120: 7117: 7114: 7111: 7108: 7105: 7104: 7101: 7098: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7052: 7048: 7045: 7042: 7039: 7036: 7033: 7030: 7027: 7024: 7021: 7020: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6986:Midnight blue 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6968: 6964: 6961: 6958: 6955: 6952: 6949: 6946: 6943: 6940: 6937: 6936: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6910: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6897:Lavender gray 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6884: 6880: 6877: 6874: 6871: 6868: 6865: 6862: 6859: 6856: 6853: 6852: 6849: 6846: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6818:Honolulu blue 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6800: 6796: 6793: 6790: 6787: 6784: 6781: 6778: 6775: 6772: 6769: 6768: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6759:Egyptian blue 6757: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6747: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6737: 6735: 6734:Deep Sky Blue 6732: 6730: 6727: 6725: 6722: 6720: 6717: 6716: 6712: 6709: 6706: 6703: 6700: 6697: 6694: 6691: 6688: 6685: 6684: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6675:Columbia blue 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6665:Chrysler blue 6663: 6661: 6658: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6635:Carolina blue 6633: 6632: 6628: 6625: 6622: 6619: 6616: 6613: 6610: 6607: 6604: 6601: 6600: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6586:Brandeis blue 6584: 6582: 6579: 6577: 6574: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6548: 6544: 6541: 6538: 6535: 6532: 6529: 6526: 6523: 6520: 6517: 6516: 6513: 6510: 6508: 6507:Berkeley Blue 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6464: 6459: 6455: 6446: 6441: 6439: 6434: 6432: 6427: 6426: 6423: 6417: 6414: 6411: 6406: 6402: 6400:at Wiktionary 6399: 6398: 6392: 6388: 6387: 6377: 6371: 6367: 6363: 6359: 6354: 6342: 6338: 6337:Science Alert 6334: 6329: 6325: 6321: 6317: 6313: 6308: 6303: 6299: 6295: 6291: 6287: 6283: 6279: 6275: 6270: 6266: 6260: 6256: 6251: 6250: 6240: 6234: 6230: 6225: 6221: 6215: 6211: 6206: 6202: 6196: 6192: 6187: 6183: 6178: 6174: 6168: 6164: 6159: 6155: 6149: 6145: 6140: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6120: 6116: 6111: 6110: 6089: 6085: 6079: 6064: 6060: 6053: 6038: 6034: 6028: 6013: 6009: 6003: 5987: 5983: 5977: 5969: 5963: 5959: 5958: 5950: 5941: 5933: 5927: 5911: 5907: 5903: 5897: 5882: 5878: 5872: 5864: 5860: 5854: 5848: 5842: 5835: 5834:1-894663-49-7 5831: 5827: 5821: 5805: 5801: 5797: 5791: 5775: 5771: 5767: 5761: 5753: 5749: 5745: 5739: 5730: 5723: 5718: 5711: 5710: 5705: 5701: 5696: 5689: 5688: 5683: 5682: 5676: 5669: 5665: 5664: 5663:Mishneh Torah 5658: 5651: 5647: 5644: 5639: 5632: 5627: 5621: 5620:2-7028-2076-X 5617: 5613: 5607: 5599: 5595: 5591: 5584: 5577: 5571: 5562: 5555: 5550: 5543: 5538: 5532: 5525: 5524:0-486-23411-8 5521: 5517: 5511: 5502: 5500: 5498: 5488: 5479: 5472: 5467: 5460: 5455: 5448: 5443: 5434: 5427: 5426:Varichon 2005 5422: 5415: 5411: 5405: 5399:, p. 26. 5398: 5393: 5386: 5380: 5373: 5367: 5361: 5360:0-262-02061-0 5357: 5353: 5347: 5339: 5333: 5329: 5325: 5321: 5320: 5312: 5305: 5299: 5290: 5284: 5279: 5271: 5267: 5263: 5259: 5255: 5248: 5240: 5236: 5232: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5214: 5210: 5205: 5200: 5196: 5192: 5188: 5184: 5180: 5173: 5158: 5154: 5148: 5146: 5137: 5131: 5127: 5126: 5118: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5097: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5066: 5064: 5062: 5055: 5049: 5041: 5037: 5033: 5027: 5019: 5015: 5011: 5004: 5002: 4993: 4989: 4985: 4981: 4974: 4966: 4962: 4956: 4952: 4951: 4943: 4941: 4932: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4915:(3): 293–99. 4914: 4910: 4906: 4899: 4891: 4887: 4883: 4879: 4876:(6): 454–64. 4875: 4871: 4864: 4856: 4852: 4848: 4844: 4839: 4834: 4830: 4826: 4822: 4815: 4807: 4803: 4798: 4793: 4788: 4783: 4779: 4775: 4771: 4769: 4760: 4749: 4745: 4741: 4737: 4733: 4729: 4725: 4721: 4717: 4713: 4709: 4702: 4695: 4687: 4683: 4678: 4673: 4669: 4665: 4661: 4657: 4653: 4649: 4645: 4643: 4633: 4625: 4619: 4611: 4607: 4602: 4597: 4593: 4589: 4585: 4578: 4563: 4557: 4553: 4549: 4542: 4526: 4522: 4518: 4516: 4507: 4498: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4481: 4474: 4466: 4460: 4456: 4449: 4441: 4437: 4433: 4429: 4425: 4421: 4420: 4415: 4408: 4402:, p. 14. 4401: 4396: 4388: 4384: 4380: 4373: 4366: 4358: 4354: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4338: 4334: 4327: 4320: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4298: 4290: 4284: 4280: 4276: 4272: 4265: 4257: 4253: 4249: 4245: 4241: 4237: 4230: 4228: 4226: 4224: 4207: 4203: 4197: 4190: 4184: 4177: 4174:Roger Keyes, 4171: 4164: 4158: 4142: 4138: 4134: 4128: 4112: 4108: 4107:Laserglow.com 4104: 4098: 4082: 4078: 4077:Laserglow.com 4074: 4068: 4060: 4059: 4054: 4050: 4044: 4037: 4032: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4002: 3986: 3982: 3978: 3972: 3964: 3957: 3941: 3934: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3914: 3910: 3906: 3902: 3898: 3897: 3889: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3858: 3851: 3845: 3829: 3825: 3819: 3804: 3800: 3794: 3778: 3774: 3773:Guy Deutscher 3770: 3768: 3763: 3756: 3754: 3745: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3727: 3723: 3718: 3713: 3709: 3705: 3701: 3694: 3686: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3665: 3658: 3653: 3647:, p. 24. 3646: 3641: 3626: 3622: 3616: 3610:, p. 22. 3609: 3604: 3598: 3592: 3577: 3573: 3567: 3559: 3553: 3549: 3548: 3540: 3532: 3528: 3524: 3518: 3514: 3503: 3502: 3496: 3493: 3492: 3486: 3484: 3483:Blue pigments 3481: 3479: 3476: 3474: 3471: 3469: 3466: 3465: 3459: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3396: 3391: 3387: 3380: 3375: 3371: 3364: 3359: 3358: 3352: 3350: 3346: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3299:are known as 3298: 3286: 3281: 3278: 3271: 3266: 3265: 3256: 3252: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3225: 3222: 3218: 3214: 3213:Akali Nihangs 3210: 3206: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3190: 3185: 3181: 3177: 3173: 3169: 3165: 3162: 3158: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3143: 3139: 3138: 3133: 3132: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3106: 3101: 3097: 3093: 3090: 3089: 3085: 3078: 3073: 3069: 3066:(16th c.) in 3065: 3058: 3053: 3049: 3042: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3022: 3017: 3016: 3010: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2995: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2974:In 1748, the 2972: 2970: 2966: 2962: 2961:Prussian blue 2958: 2949: 2942: 2937: 2930: 2925: 2921: 2915: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2896: 2891: 2890: 2883: 2873: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2862:Henri Matisse 2859: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2842:Pablo Picasso 2834: 2833:Henri Matisse 2827: 2822: 2818: 2817: 2809: 2804: 2803: 2802: 2800: 2796: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2772: 2767: 2763: 2757: 2752: 2745: 2740: 2736: 2732: 2725: 2720: 2716: 2710: 2705: 2704: 2698: 2696: 2692: 2691:Staffordshire 2688: 2684: 2680: 2671: 2667: 2660: 2655: 2651: 2644: 2639: 2635: 2628: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2608: 2603: 2599: 2593: 2588: 2584: 2578: 2573: 2566: 2561: 2560: 2559: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2543: 2532: 2530: 2526: 2520: 2518: 2514: 2509: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2495:stained glass 2492: 2488: 2484: 2475: 2471: 2464: 2459: 2455: 2448: 2443: 2440: 2436: 2429: 2424: 2423: 2417: 2415: 2414:Moorish Spain 2411: 2406: 2403: 2397: 2393:or blue; and 2392: 2388: 2383: 2377: 2371: 2365: 2359: 2353: 2347: 2341: 2335: 2330: 2326: 2321: 2320:Egyptian blue 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2293: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2272: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2241: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2214: 2213:Egyptian blue 2207: 2202: 2198: 2197:Egyptian blue 2192: 2187: 2183: 2177: 2172: 2171: 2164: 2154: 2152: 2147: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2092: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2066:of the eye's 2065: 2061: 2053: 2048: 2043: 2033: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2003: 1999: 1998:mandarin fish 1995: 1991: 1987: 1986: 1981: 1980: 1975: 1974: 1969: 1968: 1963: 1962: 1957: 1953: 1952: 1942: 1941:mandarin fish 1935: 1930: 1927: 1921: 1916: 1913: 1906: 1901: 1897: 1891: 1886: 1883: 1877: 1872: 1871: 1865: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1854: 1849: 1841: 1840: 1833: 1828: 1821: 1816: 1813: 1812: 1805: 1800: 1796: 1795: 1787: 1782: 1779: 1773: 1768: 1767: 1761: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1703: 1697: 1692: 1688: 1681: 1676: 1673: 1667: 1662: 1659: 1653: 1648: 1647: 1641: 1631: 1626: 1623: 1616: 1611: 1607: 1604:Earth's blue 1600: 1595: 1594: 1593: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1578: 1576: 1571: 1569: 1565: 1559: 1557: 1553: 1552:Lord Rayleigh 1549: 1543: 1539: 1524: 1522: 1518: 1506: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1453: 1447: 1438: 1432: 1412: 1398: 1396: 1395:Prussian blue 1392: 1388: 1379: 1377: 1373: 1358: 1357:Prussian blue 1343: 1342:cerulean blue 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1313: 1312:Blue pigments 1303: 1301: 1296: 1294: 1290: 1281: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1261: 1245: 1240: 1237: 1236:Prussian blue 1233: 1227: 1222: 1218: 1212: 1207: 1206: 1205: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1186: 1183: 1178: 1174: 1169: 1167: 1162: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1127:Prussian blue 1124: 1120: 1116: 1115:Egyptian blue 1103: 1082: 1081:Prussian blue 1076: 1071: 1068: 1062: 1057: 1054: 1048: 1043: 1040: 1034: 1029: 1026: 1025:Egyptian blue 1020: 1015: 1014: 1012: 1002: 1000: 996: 990: 980: 978: 974: 973:Egyptian blue 970: 966: 962: 961:Prussian blue 958: 954: 949: 947: 943: 939: 935: 931: 927: 923: 919: 912: 907: 902: 892: 890: 886: 882: 878: 874: 870: 866: 862: 858: 854: 849: 839: 837: 833: 832:Isamu Akasaki 829: 828:Hiroshi Amano 825: 820: 818: 814: 813:Hiroshi Amano 810: 809:Isamu Akasaki 806: 802: 796: 786: 784: 780: 776: 772: 768: 764: 760: 756: 747: 743: 736: 731: 727: 720: 715: 714: 713: 711: 706: 702: 697: 695: 690: 686: 682: 681:colour theory 677: 675: 671: 667: 663: 660: 656: 646: 644: 640: 636: 631: 629: 624: 623: 617: 612: 605: 598: 593: 589: 585: 580: 578: 573: 567: 555: 549: 538: 534: 530: 525: 523: 519: 518: 513: 508: 503: 499: 494: 490: 485: 479: 475: 471: 467: 457: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 419: 415: 409: 407: 403: 398: 394: 390: 386: 382: 378: 374: 370: 366: 361: 359: 355: 351: 347: 343: 339: 335: 331: 327: 323: 322:visible light 319: 315: 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 291: 284: 279: 275: 272: 269: 265: 259: 255: 251: 247: 243: 235: 229: 225: 221: 217: 213: 208: 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 181: 177: 175: 171: 165: 159: 156: 152: 150: 146: 143: 139: 137: 133: 130: 126: 121: 117: 114:; Sea at the 113: 109: 105: 93: 82: 75: 64: 57: 50: 39: 34: 29: 26: 22: 10393:Blue symbols 10353: 10256: 9869: 9725: 9479:Colour chart 9342:Fluorescence 9298:Dichromatism 9176: 9160:Colour terms 9142: 9134: 9114:Colour wheel 9109:Colour solid 9104:Chromaticity 8973:Colour space 8942:Colour model 8875:Chromophobia 8824: 8447:Old lavender 8294:Cotton candy 8166:Ultra Violet 8072:Royal purple 8008:Purple Heart 7929:Persian pink 7889:Old lavender 7825:Mexican Pink 7588:French mauve 7489:Cotton candy 7385:Amarath pink 7263:Uranian Blue 7085:Phthalo blue 7080:Persian blue 6887:Lapis Lazuli 6555: 6396: 6357: 6345:. 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