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396:), under decree-law 106F/92 (Diário da República, Série 1A, 126). A revitalization project began in the 20th century saw the site transformed into a village museum with different areas specializing in different areas related to the castle's history: the keep tower was transformed into an observation deck as well as an interpretative centre presenting Roman, Visigothic Nucleus, Christian and Islamic collections that include one of the best collections Portuguese Islamic art (such as pottery, coins, and jewelry).
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pyramids. The weapons hall is situated on the first floor, covered with cross-vaulted ceiling. A staircase along the southern wall provides access to the second floor. Alongside the keep tower is a sculpted white marble, relief coat-of-arms of António
Rodrigues Bravo, High-Courier (postal official) of the town.
370:
Until the 18th century, the castle of Mértola continued to function as part of the first defensive line along the frontier with Spain, but began to diminish its military-strategic importance over time, before it was ultimately abandoned. Although important in southern
Portugal, the village and castle
312:
was constructed on the south tower of the dungeon. During the last third of the 12th century, during the
Almohad dynasty, the site was repaired and the walls were constructed to encircle the settlement. During that time, the group of castle buildings were constructed, or reconstructed, that includes
442:
The walls encircling the settlement can still be identifiable, defined as a sub rectangular space along the north-to-south axis, with reinforced walls by rectangular towers: a large segment along the north, while a majority of the walls extend along the south flowing from the
Carocha Tower, with a
435:
The
Carouche Tower, in the southwest, is a cubic 4.7 metres (15 ft) wide, with access from the battlements and covered by terrace, broken by door and window. Its interior, is a covered space with hemispheric cupola over pedestals. The towers in the corners flank the main gate, with different
277:
During the Roman epoch, the settlement was developed, becoming the centre of the mineral extract and agriculture in the Baixo
Alentejo region. Mértola was encircled by a wall system that paralleled what remains today, but much grander. The Beja road crossed the walls in the north, and by 44 B.C.
354:
In the final of the 15th century, the alcalde's residence was constructed, addorsed to the Keep Tower, resulting in much of the demolition of the northwestern battlements. Yet, work persisted in improving the dungeons and walls, although in a diminished capacity. On 25 February 1510, Nuno Velho
427:
The irregular, rectangular fortress includes four towers: the rectangular keep tower at an angle oriented to the north, two square towers to the south; two rectangular towers to the south; two towers aligned to the principal gate in the east; and a rectangular tower, with circular affect. The
431:
The Keep Tower is 30 metres (98 ft) tall, with soft base and two floors, marked by doorway that opens to staircase addorsed to the southeast walls, consisting of varias friezes along the northwest and marked by machialottans, surmounted by parapets and prismatic merlons and decorated in
428:"traitors gate" is situated in the northwest wall of the fortifications, following the Keep Tower, protected by barbican. The wall is part of a circuit of battlements, vertical and reinforced by a southwestern tower with large buttress supporting various battlements.
371:
lost most of its importance during the era of
Portuguese maritime expeditions and colonization. Most of the sites decline was reflected in general neglect and lack of conservation, so much that by 1758, the location was in semi-ruin and un-garrisoned.
342:
In the final decade of the 13th century, or beginning of the 14th century, the dungeons were reconstructed, taking advantage of the older gate and tower of
Carocha. This work was supplemented in 1373, by improvements to the dungeons and walls.
350:
in 1386, the military territories of Mértola, Noudar, Castelo Mendo and
Castelo Melhor returned to the possessions of the Portuguese Crown, in exchange for Olivença and Tui. This resulted in further improvements in 1404 to the fortifications.
282:. The first historical reference to this settlement existed in the chronicles of the Swabian bishop, Idácio, who narrated an episode dating to 440 AD, and inferred the existence of this fortified site occupied by
754:
374:
Between the 19th and 20th century, Mértola's economy was dependent on the exploitation of the mines of Santo
Domingo, a major center for cupric pyrite extraction.
717:
Barros, Maria de Fátima Rombouts; Boiça, Joaquim Manuel Ferreira (1 April 2000), "O Castelo de Mértola: estrutura e organização espacial (Sécs. XIII a XVI )",
347:
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339:). The master of the Order, João Fernandes (from the inscription over the entranceway) that ordered the construction of the keep tower in 1292.
732:
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305:. Ibn Qasi was governor of the Taifa of Mértola it is likely that defensive works during his rule (1144–1151) were carried out to the castle.
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and the Ribeira de Oeiras. Situated nearby is the former Islamic mosque, transformed into the Church of Nossa Senhora da Assunção.
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the semi-cylindrical tower. In 1171, Abu Háfece, brother of the Emir, ordered the repair and improvements to the fortress tower.
74:
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volumes (the left is prismatic and the right, semi-circular), that do not extend beyond the height of the battlements.
270:, thanks to the abundance of river and land routes connecting it to the southern portion of the peninsula. Before the
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part oriented along the Guadiana. To ancient gates, survived by the Misericórdia Gate provides access to the river.
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The Castle of Mértola is situated in an urban area on the hilltop, implanted in the rocky landscape bisected by the
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On 18 August 1943, by decree 32/973 (Diário do Governo, Série 1, 175), the heritage site was classified as a
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666:(in Portuguese), vol. 27 (Série 2 ed.), Lisbon, Portugal: Anais da Academia Portuguesa de História
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in 1509) On 15 October 1513, there is record of a royal letter to pay Francisco de Anzinho 94,260
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546:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico
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Castelo de Mértola/Castelo e cerca urbana de Mértola (IPA.00001045/PT040209040003)
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A view of the castle as situated on the hilltop, with the mosque/Christian church
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In the courtyard is a covered cistern with vaulted ceiling over three arches.
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authored to the King on the state of the fortifications. In 1512, King D.
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297:, who reconstructed the centre for their own necessities, where the name
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185:
385:). On 2 February 1969, an earthquake caused damage to the old fortress.
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issued a regal foral., and the castle was recorded by Duarte de Armas (
234:
A drawing of the castle from the Book of Fortresses by Duarte das Armas
200:
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The castle and surrounding buildings at the end of the 20th century
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Between 1240/1245 and 1316, the settlement became the seat of the
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On 1 June 1992, the property fell into the administration of the
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The remnants of the larger walls that encircled the settlement
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The main accessway and walls, with the keep tower on the right
262:. The region became an important trading center frequented by
638:
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It was destroyed and sacked by barbarian hordes, then Muslim
246:
In 318 B.C., during the sequence of the invasion and sack of
274:, it held commercial importance among these civilizations.
331:. In 1254, D. Paio Peres Correia issued the regions first
540:
Mendonça, Isabel; Gordalina, Rosário (2007), SIPA (ed.),
596:
O Livro das Fortalezas de Duarte Darmas (edição anotada)
620:(in Portuguese), vol. III, Lisbon, Portugal, 1948
641:
Relatório da Actividade do Ministério no ano de 1955
539:
1682:
1314:Castle of Monforte (Figueira de Castelo Rodrigo)
696:Museu de Mértola I: Núcleo do Castelo (Catálogo)
394:Portuguese Institute for Architectural Patrimony
367:for furnishing lime for the work on the castle.
324:, putting an end to centuries of Islamic reign.
166:Stone masonryAlvenaria, Tile, Cornerstone, Taipa
390:Instituto Português do Património Arquitetónico
671:Torres, Cláudio; Silva, Luís Alves da (1990),
135:, ceded on 18 January 1941 (adjacent terrains)
755:
618:Roteiro dos Monumentos Militares Portugueses
719:Actas Simpósio Internacional sobre Castelos
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639:Ministério das Obras Públicas, ed. (1956),
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731:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
708:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
685:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
653:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
630:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
608:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
222:A view of the castle and the sculpture of
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224:Abu-l-Qasim Ahmad ibn al-Husayn ibn Qasi
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308:In the middle of the 12th century, the
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1731:Buildings and structures in Mértola
1701:National monuments in Beja District
664:As Arrábidas de Mértola e Juromenha
466:
316:In 1238, during the context of the
278:Julius Caesar had renamed the town
13:
1179:Castle of Freixo de Espada-à-Cinta
721:(in Portuguese), Palmela, Portugal
698:(in Portuguese), Mértola, Portugal
675:(in Portuguese), Mértola, Portugal
14:
1742:
1264:Castle of Mau Vizinho (Vila Real)
643:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal
598:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal
272:invasion of the Iberian Peninsula
1711:Moorish architecture in Portugal
1657:
1652:
1647:
1624:Castle of Vila Verde dos Francos
771:
57:
1614:Castle of Vila Nova de Cerveira
399:
1706:Military history of al-Andalus
1619:Castle of Vila Nova de Foz Côa
1489:Castle of Santa Maria da Feira
1069:Castelo de Torre de Coelheiros
994:Castle of Carrazeda de Ansiães
662:Gonçalves, José Pires (1981),
575:
566:
557:
457:
254:, the Phoenicians founded the
1:
446:
346:Following the signing of the
1564:Castelo de Torre de Moncorvo
914:Castle of Atouguia da Baleia
7:
1594:Castle of Viana do Alentejo
1309:Castle of Monforte (Chaves)
1114:Castle of Celorico da Beira
383:Property of Public Interest
379:Imóvel de Interesse Público
320:, Mértola was conquered by
133:Câmara Municipal de Mértola
16:Castle in Mértola, Portugal
10:
1747:
1339:Castle of Montemor-o-Velho
1284:Castle of Miranda do Douro
1104:Castle Fortress of Almeida
1024:Castelo de Montemor-o-Novo
587:
329:Military Order of Santiago
226:, ally of Afonso Henriques
213:
1666:
1645:
1579:Tower of Ferreira de Aves
1184:Castle of Freixo de Numão
1169:Fernandine Walls of Porto
1099:Castle of Castelo Rodrigo
1094:Castle of Castelo de Vide
1009:Castelo de Idanha-a-Velha
899:Castle of Amieira do Tejo
839:Castle of Alfândega da Fé
784:
694:Torres, Cláudioe (1991),
594:Almeida, João de (1943),
162:
154:
149:
139:
128:
118:
113:
105:
68:
56:
35:
26:
21:
1726:Castles in Beja District
1519:Castle of Senhora da Luz
1409:Castle of Pena de Aguiar
1349:Castle of Moreira de Rei
1084:Castle of Castelo Melhor
1074:Castelo de Torres Vedras
1004:Castle of Castelo Branco
799:Castle of Alcácer do Sal
451:
1499:Castle of Santo Estêvão
1454:Castelo de Porto de Mós
1204:Castle of Idanha-a-Nova
1089:Castle of Castelo Mendo
879:Castle of Alter Pedroso
874:Castle of Alter do Chão
1569:Castle of Torres Novas
1109:Castle of Castro Marim
809:Castle of Alcantarilha
417:
409:
243:
235:
227:
184:) is a well-preserved
181:
90:37.639000°N 7.663750°W
1696:Medieval architecture
1634:Castle of Vilar Maior
1629:Castle of Vila Viçosa
1604:Castle of Vidigueiras
1524:Castle of Sernancelhe
1419:Castle of Penas Róias
999:Castle of Castelo Bom
989:Castle of Campo Maior
929:Castle of Azinhalinho
415:
407:
241:
233:
221:
1721:Almohad architecture
1716:Islamic architecture
1599:Castle of Vidigueira
1444:Castle of Portalegre
1209:Castelo de Juromenha
1174:Castle of Folgosinho
1159:Castle of Evoramonte
1049:Castelo de Portuzelo
1044:Castelo de Pirescoxe
1014:Castelo de Longroiva
844:Castle of Alfeizerão
95:37.639000; -7.663750
1691:Castles in Portugal
1672:Castles in Portugal
1609:Castle of Vila Flor
1509:Castle of São Ramão
1459:Castle of Rebordãos
1414:Castle of Penamacor
1344:Castle of the Moors
1334:Castle of Montalvão
1324:Castelo de Monsaraz
1294:Castle of Mogadouro
1289:Castle of Mirandela
1279:Castle of Messejana
1199:Castle of Guimarães
1059:Castelo de Sesimbra
1054:Castelo de Ranhados
939:Castle of Barbacena
909:Castle of Arronches
904:Castle of Arraiolos
859:Castle of Aljustrel
834:Castle of Alfaiates
794:Castle of Alandroal
778:Castles in Portugal
673:Mértola: vila museu
463:Almeida (1943/1949)
252:Alexander the Great
123:Portuguese Republic
86: /
1584:Castle of Trancoso
1539:Castle of Sortelha
1494:Castle of Santarém
1469:Castle of Redondos
1424:Castle of Penedono
1319:Castle of Monsanto
1254:Castle of Marialva
1234:Castle of Linhares
1154:Castle of Estremoz
1134:Castle of Curutelo
1039:Castelo de Palmela
1034:Castelo de Oleiros
979:Castle of Bragança
964:Castle of Bemposta
954:Castle of Belmonte
944:Porto Pim bartizan
934:Castle of Balsamão
869:Castle of Almourol
829:Castle of Alenquer
824:Castle of Alegrete
819:Castle of Alcoutim
814:Castle of Alcobaça
804:Castle of Alcanede
789:Castle of Abrantes
418:
410:
361:Book of Fortresses
244:
236:
228:
182:Castelo de Mértola
29:Castelo de Mértola
1678:
1677:
1639:Castle of Vinhais
1589:Castle of Valongo
1464:Castle of Redondo
1404:Castle of Paderne
1399:Castle of Outeiro
1394:Castle of Ourique
1384:Castle of Ouguela
1329:Montalegre Castle
1299:Castle of Moinhos
1274:Castle of Mertola
1269:Castle of Melgaço
1224:Castle of Lanhoso
1189:Castle of Geraldo
1149:Castle of Esporão
1079:Castelo de Veiros
1019:Castelo de Montel
984:Castle of Caminha
854:Castle of Aljezur
301:was shortened to
174:Castle of Mértola
170:
169:
22:Castle of Mértola
1738:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1559:Castelo de Tomar
1554:Castle of Terena
1549:Castle of Tavira
1534:Castle of Silves
1504:São Jorge Castle
1449:Castle of Portel
1439:Castle of Pombal
1434:Castle of Pinhel
1429:Castle of Penela
1379:Castle of Óbidos
1369:Castle of Noudar
1364:Castle of Mourão
1304:Castle of Monção
1259:Castle of Marvão
1229:Castle of Leiria
1219:Castle of Lamego
1194:Castle of Guarda
1139:Castle of Degebe
1119:Castle of Chaves
1064:Castelo de Sines
959:Castle of Belver
889:Castle of Alvito
864:Castle of Almada
849:Castle of Algoso
776:
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114:Site information
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1544:Castle of Soure
1529:Castle of Serpa
1484:Castle of Salir
1474:Castle of Ródão
1389:Castle of Ourém
1374:Castle of Numão
1359:Castle of Moura
1249:Castle of Lousã
1244:Castle of Lousa
1239:Castle of Loulé
1214:Castle of Lagos
1164:Castle of Faria
1144:Castle of Elvas
1129:Castle of Crato
1029:Castelo de Nisa
974:Castle of Braga
969:Castle of Borba
894:Castle of Alvor
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1514:Castle of Seda
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1479:Sabugal Castle
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1124:Castle of Cola
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949:Castle of Beja
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
919:Castle of Avis
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
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884:Castle of Alva
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280:Myrtilis Julia
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197:municipality
193:civil parish
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150:Site history
140:Open to
78:37°38′20.4″N
28:
318:Reconquista
264:Phoenicians
93: /
81:7°39′49.5″W
69:Coordinates
1685:Categories
447:References
205:Portuguese
178:Portuguese
1669:Also See:
550:25 August
322:Sancho II
288:Visigoths
203:, in the
163:Materials
727:citation
704:citation
681:citation
649:citation
626:citation
604:citation
299:Myrtilis
284:Swabians
260:New Tyre
256:Myrtilis
186:medieval
158:318 B.C.
129:Operator
50:Portugal
48:in
46:Alentejo
588:Sources
337:charter
303:Martula
295:Umayyad
214:History
201:Mértola
357:Manuel
189:castle
145:Public
109:Castle
452:Notes
333:foral
310:ribat
250:, by
155:Built
119:Owner
733:link
710:link
687:link
655:link
632:link
610:link
552:2016
365:reis
286:and
266:and
248:Tyre
195:and
172:The
106:Type
38:Beja
258:or
199:of
1687::
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763:e
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392:(
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335:(
176:(
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