2636:
61:
27:
5219:
7699:
5466:
7747:
7759:
6378:
7711:
6391:
7723:
6638:
2776:). Usually, ribats were inhabited by a shaykh, and his family and visitors were allowed to come and learn from him. Many times, the tomb of the founder was also located in the same building. These centers' institutionalization was made possible partly through donations from wealthy merchants, landowners, and influential leaders. Some of these compounds also received regular stipends to maintain them.
7735:
2795:
from the 12th century, which was built in a square shape with a monumental portal, a courtyard, and long vaulted rooms along the walls. Most ribats had a similar architectural appearance which consisted of a surrounding wall with an entrance, living rooms, storehouses for provisions, a watch tower
2799:
These institutions were used as a sort of school house where a shaykh could teach his disciples the ways of a specific ṭarīqa. They were also used as a place of worship where the shaykh could observe the members of the specific Sufi order and help them on their inner path to
2736:. The term transformed over time to refer to a center for Sufi. As they were later no longer needed to house and supply soldiers, ribats became refuges for mystics. The ribat tradition was perhaps one of the early sources of the
1271:
4613:
2699:, with the literal meaning of "the land of standing vigilant watch on the frontier", understood in the context of their ideology of global jihad, which is fundamentally opposed to
2824:
or retreat house for Sufi women. Female shaykhas (شيخة), scholars of law in medieval times, and large numbers of widows or divorcees lived in abstinence and worship in ribats.
6543:
3243:
Jörg
Feuchter, "The Islamic Ribаt - A Model for the Christian Military Orders? Sacred Violence, Religious Concepts and the Invention of a Cultural Transfer," in
6671:
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144:
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6874:
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6803:
6666:
7084:
7060:
6998:
6896:
6763:
7190:
6753:
5256:
6600:
6427:
6854:
6538:
6348:
6940:
3016:
7170:
3047:
1947:
7357:
7163:
6971:
6964:
6952:
6837:
6825:
6511:
5776:
259:
7072:
6832:
6654:
3326:
3061:
2535:
6292:
7789:
7299:
4429:
1922:
6659:
6516:
2651:
6353:
5992:
5324:
2676:
1311:
6287:
5023:
4718:
2668:
1927:
1689:
853:
1286:
7077:
7003:
6913:
5249:
3191:
1932:
4838:
4623:
3230:
3211:
1962:
1276:
6420:
5341:
6261:
5048:
1788:
473:
7151:
7089:
7065:
6901:
6879:
6808:
6796:
7804:
7480:
6358:
6039:
3097:
2965:
2565:
1369:
483:
7799:
6338:
6333:
6328:
5284:
5242:
1664:
6343:
6323:
6318:
6297:
6170:
5558:
5402:
5294:
4271:
3809:
3319:
2528:
2209:
70:
6413:
5319:
4608:
3689:
2097:
1855:
1850:
1793:
1364:
2572:, and shortly after they also appeared along the Byzantine frontier, where they attracted converts from
7689:
5721:
4204:
3065:
1979:
1860:
927:
184:
3293:(Turkish for caravanserai); with a list of "Great Seljuk era hans and ribats in Central Asia and Iran"
5314:
5304:
4653:
1912:
1907:
1374:
1281:
520:
414:
5526:
5345:
4278:
7223:
6271:
5554:
5480:
5150:
4228:
1778:
858:
645:
2174:
5629:
5329:
5197:
4972:
4678:
4673:
4593:
4390:
4337:
4307:
4064:
3994:
3938:
3515:
3312:
2700:
2521:
2414:
589:
515:
468:
3205:
3122:
6461:
5818:
5370:
5222:
5038:
4628:
4525:
4410:
3594:
2882:
2876:
2796:
used to signal in the case of an invasion, four to eight towers, and a mosque in large ribats.
2729:
2027:
1942:
1845:
1783:
1654:
1604:
1253:
1241:
823:
91:
20:
5289:
2957:
2950:
1189:
6024:
5427:
5385:
5365:
5175:
5013:
4795:
4548:
4285:
4108:
3437:
3218:(The Moroccan Woman and Tasawwuf in the Eleventh Century) by Mustafa 'Abdu's-Salam al-Mahmah)
3023:
2865:
1992:
1917:
1594:
86:
44:
7362:
6976:
3247:. Edited by Heike Bock, Jörg Feuchter, and Michi Knecht (Frankfurt/M., Campus Verlag, 2008).
7590:
7419:
6864:
6637:
6370:
6124:
5422:
5417:
5407:
5392:
5375:
5360:
5350:
5299:
5279:
5265:
5160:
4688:
4314:
4113:
4079:
3479:
3361:
3081:
2741:
1379:
503:
498:
386:
111:
106:
101:
96:
81:
2728:
Ribat was initially used to describe a frontier post where soldiers would stay during the
8:
7763:
7321:
6382:
6140:
5982:
5912:
5884:
5823:
5716:
5397:
5380:
5355:
5334:
4977:
4713:
4069:
3447:
3068:, Middle East Report N°104, 29 March 2011, pp. 6-7 with note 61. Re-accessed 22 Oct 2023.
2137:
2127:
2052:
1741:
1684:
1674:
1644:
1609:
1589:
403:
209:
179:
116:
2635:
2612:, which is why ribats were originally used to house those who fought to defend Islam in
2591:, and as centers for isolated Muslim communities as well as serving as places of piety.
895:
5309:
5099:
4708:
4683:
4668:
4663:
4513:
4493:
4290:
3851:
3718:
3462:
3301:: Origin and layout of a ribat and its adaptation as a caravanserai. Accessed May 2021.
3115:
2998:
2696:
2649:
Classically, ribat referred to the guard duty at a frontier outpost in order to defend
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2002:
1987:
1957:
1756:
1751:
1736:
1629:
1624:
1318:
1291:
890:
478:
448:
434:
2981:
Long, Mark (Winter 2009). "Ribat, al-Qaeda, and the
Challenge for US Foreign Policy".
7739:
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7399:
7020:
6528:
6079:
5491:
5155:
5114:
5089:
4962:
4643:
4483:
4330:
3916:
3794:
3472:
3415:
3283:
3226:
3187:
3093:
3041:
3002:
2961:
2901:
2560:; hospice, hostel, base or retreat) is an Arabic term, initially designating a small
2243:
2224:
1770:
1731:
1679:
1669:
1659:
1634:
1619:
1582:
1213:
597:
341:
30:
3155:
Khalilieh, Hassan S. (1999). "The Ribât System and Its Role in
Coastal Navigation".
1468:
7794:
7727:
7490:
7409:
6580:
6565:
6555:
6501:
6236:
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5679:
5486:
5129:
5104:
5033:
4957:
4558:
4553:
4488:
4039:
3843:
3422:
3212:"The Ribats in Morocco and their influence in the spread of knowledge and tasawwuf"
3164:
2990:
2767:
2573:
2214:
2199:
2184:
2132:
2037:
1937:
1840:
1803:
1746:
1726:
1721:
1694:
1614:
1473:
1236:
1144:
1034:
1029:
813:
718:
656:
621:
613:
463:
453:
356:
189:
2841:, Muslim side of the frontier between the Byzantine Empire and Early Islamic realm
2760:: religious teachers, usually Sufis. Such places of spiritual retreat were termed
2254:
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7703:
7500:
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7434:
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7116:
6590:
6211:
6029:
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5501:
5018:
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4843:
4783:
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4638:
4603:
4583:
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4118:
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3847:
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3777:
3759:
3626:
3607:
3533:
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2792:
2788:
2639:
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2491:
2364:
2219:
2147:
2112:
2012:
1902:
1808:
1649:
1453:
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910:
900:
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629:
296:
239:
229:
3245:
Religion and Its Other: Secular and Sacral
Concepts and Practices in Interaction
2259:
1174:
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164:
154:
60:
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4921:
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3703:
3666:
3651:
3602:
3547:
3526:
3335:
3168:
2561:
2446:
2284:
2229:
2007:
1533:
1515:
1024:
686:
605:
560:
493:
419:
3236:
Hassan S. Khalilieh, "The Ribat System and Its Role in
Coastal Navigation,"
26:
7715:
7369:
6703:
6560:
6395:
6150:
5412:
5170:
5028:
4992:
4947:
4931:
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4812:
4788:
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4588:
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4098:
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3921:
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3738:
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3274:
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2745:
2712:
2588:
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2194:
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1231:
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52:
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1520:
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7429:
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5731:
5711:
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4895:
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4698:
4598:
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3999:
3888:
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3452:
3259:
3085:
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1119:
1054:
962:
885:
738:
733:
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458:
429:
424:
279:
3696:
3279:
2711:
In time, some ribats became hostels for voyagers on major trade routes (
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301:
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3186:. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press. p. 232.
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34:
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5450:
5165:
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2609:
2587:
fortifications later served to protect commercial routes, as
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2017:
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3238:
Journal of the
Economic and Social History of the Orient
3157:
Journal of the
Economic and Social History of the Orient
2943:
2941:
2939:
2937:
2740:, or Sufi mystic brotherhoods, and a type of the later
2922:
Northedge, Alastair. "ʿAbbāsid art and architecture".
2616:. They can also be referred to by other names such as
7687:
2564:
built along a frontier during the first years of the
3206:
Cache of The Ribat by Hajj Ahmad
Thomson, 23 06 2007
2934:
3225:(Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1955),
2667:Contemporary use of the term ribat is common among
3114:
3080:
2949:
2862:, North African (usually Berber) fortified village
2856:, building used specifically by a Sufi brotherhood
2847:, Persian word for caravanserai; Turkish variant:
7771:
3121:. New York: Columbia University Press. pp.
3117:Islamic Architecture: Form, Function and Meaning
3576:
2956:. University of North Carolina Press. pp.
2879:, Semitic word for "fortified town" or "suburb"
2608:in its abstract refers to voluntary defense of
4138:
4084:
3902:
3748:
6421:
5250:
4793:
4523:
4352:
4328:
3945:
3936:
3893:
3617:
3413:
3404:
3320:
2529:
4912:
4893:
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4875:
4464:
4439:
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3554:
3531:
3563:
3545:
3491:
3477:
3395:
3386:
3377:
3368:
3359:
3282:. The evolution of stopping posts from the
3184:Sufism, Mystics, and Saints in Modern Egypt
3112:
3092:. Yale University Press. pp. 277–278.
6428:
6414:
5257:
5243:
3327:
3313:
3286:, through the Early Muslim ribats, to the
3090:The Art and Architecture of Islam 650-1250
2772:
2536:
2522:
1948:On the Harmony of Religions and Philosophy
3154:
2820:Another use of ribat refers to a sort of
2779:Some important ribats to mention are the
2655:. The one who performs ribat is called a
5264:
2947:
2634:
25:
3181:
2791:and is still partially intact, and the
7772:
6435:
3216:al-Imra'a al-Maghribiyya wa't-Tasawwuf
3076:
3074:
3046:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1923:Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity
6409:
5238:
3308:
2921:
2599:
2576:, an area that would become known as
2568:to house military volunteers, called
3271:With a map and list of Seljuk hans.
3257:
3148:
2980:
2723:
2677:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
4719:Weapons Storage and Security System
3071:
2873:, Central Asian variant for 'rabat'
2809:
2771:
2718:
2706:
2662:
2557:
1928:The Incoherence of the Philosophers
1583:National literatures of Arab States
13:
6636:
6293:Influences on Western architecture
3334:
2695:"Land of the Ribat" is a name for
2594:
1933:The Incoherence of the Incoherence
14:
7816:
3251:
3223:War And Peace in the Law of Islam
2744:or Sufi lodge, which spread into
2679:. The term has also been used by
7757:
7745:
7733:
7721:
7709:
7697:
6389:
6376:
5464:
5218:
5217:
3135:
59:
6262:Aga Khan Award for Architecture
3175:
2815:
7790:Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
3129:
3106:
3054:
3009:
2974:
2812:, ultimate truth or reality).
2756:. Here, they are the homes of
2566:Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
1:
4614:British "hedgehog" road block
2908:
2885:, Persian variant for 'ribat'
6354:Sudano-Sahelian architecture
3260:"The Seljuk Han of Anatolia"
3113:Hillenbrand, Robert (1994).
2952:Mystical Dimensions of Islam
2948:Schimmel, Annemarie (1975).
2748:, and from there across the
7:
5024:Cities with defensive walls
4609:Defensive fighting position
4524:
4329:
4139:
4085:
3946:
3937:
3903:
3894:
3749:
3275:Introduction and definition
2890:List of Early Muslim ribats
2827:
2098:One Thousand and One Nights
10:
7821:
5722:Islamic geometric patterns
3066:International Crisis Group
1861:Arcs of Descent and Ascent
928:Andalusian classical music
854:Arabic musical instruments
185:Islamic geometric patterns
18:
7599:
7448:
7350:
7252:
7216:
7041:
6777:
6647:
6634:
6444:
6367:
6311:
6280:
6254:
6204:
6156:Dar al-Shifa (Bimaristan)
6133:
6017:
6010:
5936:
5893:
5842:
5790:
5668:
5584:
5535:
5473:
5462:
5443:
5436:
5272:
5208:
5138:
5062:
5006:
4940:
4826:
4731:
4654:Hardened aircraft shelter
4629:Entry control point (ECP)
4541:
4452:
4168:
4161:
3593:
3342:
3182:Hoffman, Valerie (1995).
2783:(c.1068–80), which is in
2580:in the ninth century CE.
1908:The Theology of Aristotle
1375:Pre-Islamic Arabic poetry
1272:Love in Arabic literature
521:Arabic geometric patterns
484:Islamic hardstone carving
415:Ancient South Arabian art
6272:Museum with No Frontiers
5151:Continuity of government
3169:10.1163/1568520991446811
2691:. In their terminology,
2628:, most commonly used in
2620:, most commonly used in
1277:Arabic erotic literature
474:Palestinian wood carving
19:For places in Iran, see
6383:Architecture portal
4973:Motte-and-bailey castle
4679:Missile launch facility
4674:Main line of resistance
3369:
3240:, 42,2 (1999), 212–225.
2701:Palestinian nationalism
1784:Islamic Aristotelianism
1779:Early Arabic Philosophy
6641:
6288:Indo-Saracenic Revival
5688:(multicoloured ashlar)
5049:Military installations
4913:
4894:
4885:
4876:
4794:
4465:
4440:
4416:
4406:Scarp and Counterscarp
4377:
4368:
4353:
4320:
4306:
4277:
4248:
4239:
4215:
4176:
3981:
3962:
3880:
3829:
3820:
3776:
3767:
3758:
3695:
3681:
3672:
3618:
3577:
3564:
3555:
3546:
3532:
3492:
3478:
3414:
3405:
3396:
3387:
3378:
3360:
3136:Auer, Blain. "Futuh".
2883:Robat (disambiguation)
2877:Rabat (disambiguation)
2732:and after, such as in
2730:early Muslim conquests
2646:
2421:South Arabian deities
1943:Theologus Autodidactus
824:Rhythm in Arabic music
37:
21:Robat (disambiguation)
7805:Arabic fortifications
6640:
6025:Congregational mosque
5483:(four-arch structure)
4818:Floating water castle
4549:Admiralty scaffolding
3842:Fortified buildings (
3258:Branning, Katharine.
3138:Encyclopedia of Islam
3082:Ettinghausen, Richard
3062:Radical Islam In Gaza
2924:Encyclopedia of Islam
2866:List of caravanserais
2638:
2250:North Arabian deities
2154:Fictional Arab people
1993:Atlantis of the Sands
1918:The Book of the Apple
499:Islamic ivory carving
29:
7800:Islamic architecture
6865:Raising hands in Dua
6349:Ottoman architecture
6339:Moorish architecture
6334:Islamic architecture
6329:Iranian architecture
5752:Sebka (Darj-wa-ktaf)
5606:(or müezzin mahfili)
5266:Islamic architecture
5161:Subterranean warfare
4114:Viking ring fortress
1380:Modern Arabic poetry
1055:Gnawa (North Africa)
896:Classical Arab music
6386: •
6373: •
6359:Yemeni architecture
6344:Mughal architecture
6324:Berber architecture
6319:Arabic architecture
5983:Salsabil (fountain)
5717:Islamic calligraphy
4978:Quadrangular castle
4714:Weapon storage area
4070:Quadrangular castle
2983:Middle East Journal
2053:Iram of the Pillars
1312:Mirrors for princes
859:Great Book of Music
592:(Arabian Peninsula)
180:Islamic calligraphy
16:Small fortification
6642:
6060:Kuttab (or maktab)
4709:Underground hangar
4494:Fire control tower
4291:Gunpowder magazine
3719:Butter-churn tower
3280:Origins of the Han
2647:
2600:Historical meaning
2175:Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad
2003:Beast of the Earth
1958:Sicilian Questions
1789:Islamic Platonism
1742:Arabic mathematics
1292:Arabic short story
1287:Literary_criticism
479:Islamic embroidery
449:Arabic calligraphy
38:
7685:
7684:
7420:Sufis persecution
6462:Al-Insān al-Kāmil
6403:
6402:
6250:
6249:
6006:
6005:
5993:Shading Umbrellas
5777:Stucco decoration
5677:For overview, see
5492:Four-centred arch
5232:
5231:
5156:Military urbanism
5090:Fortified gateway
4963:Concentric castle
4727:
4726:
4644:Fire support base
4484:Coastal artillery
4359:(Spanish America)
3953:
3795:Concentric castle
3284:Ancient Near East
2724:Sufi brotherhoods
2687:operating in the
2546:
2545:
1846:Al-Insān al-Kāmil
1757:Arabic technology
1752:Arabic psychology
1737:Arabic Golden Age
504:Islamic Metalwork
260:Stucco decoration
31:Ribat of Monastir
7812:
7762:
7761:
7750:
7749:
7738:
7737:
7736:
7726:
7725:
7714:
7713:
7712:
7702:
7701:
7693:
7410:Sufi metaphysics
7366:
7308:
7199:
7167:
7155:
7093:
7081:
7069:
7007:
6980:
6968:
6956:
6944:
6917:
6905:
6883:
6841:
6829:
6812:
6800:
6675:
6663:
6619:
6556:Nass al-Houdhour
6547:
6520:
6430:
6423:
6416:
6407:
6406:
6396:Islam portal
6394:
6393:
6392:
6381:
6380:
6015:
6014:
5680:Islamic ornament
5559:South Asian dome
5487:Discharging arch
5468:
5441:
5440:
5285:Anatolian Seljuk
5259:
5252:
5245:
5236:
5235:
5221:
5220:
5214:
5105:National redoubt
5034:Fortified estate
4958:Circular rampart
4918:
4899:
4890:
4881:
4799:
4559:Anti-tank trench
4554:Air raid shelter
4529:
4489:Disappearing gun
4470:
4445:
4421:
4382:
4373:
4358:
4334:
4325:
4311:
4282:
4253:
4244:
4220:
4181:
4166:
4165:
4144:
4124:Bailey (or ward)
4090:
3995:Motte-and-bailey
3986:
3967:
3951:
3943:
3942:
3908:
3899:
3885:
3834:
3825:
3781:
3772:
3763:
3754:
3700:
3686:
3677:
3623:
3580:
3569:
3560:
3551:
3537:
3497:
3483:
3423:Circular rampart
3419:
3410:
3401:
3392:
3383:
3374:
3365:
3329:
3322:
3315:
3306:
3305:
3270:
3268:
3266:
3221:Majid Khadduri,
3198:
3197:
3179:
3173:
3172:
3152:
3146:
3145:
3133:
3127:
3126:
3120:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3078:
3069:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3045:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3028:
3022:. Archived from
3021:
3013:
3007:
3006:
2978:
2972:
2971:
2955:
2945:
2932:
2931:
2919:
2811:
2775:
2774:
2719:As Sufi retreats
2707:As caravanserais
2663:Contemporary use
2574:Greater Khorasan
2559:
2538:
2531:
2524:
2215:Princess Jasmine
2200:Layla and Majnun
2185:Hayy ibn Yaqdhan
2133:She-Camel of God
2128:Shams al-Ma'arif
1938:Hayy ibn Yaqdhan
1804:Sufi metaphysics
1732:Arabic geography
1727:Arabic astronomy
1722:Arabic astrology
1717:Arabic chemistry
1282:Arabic grimoires
1262:
1035:Chaabi (Morocco)
1030:Chaabi (Algeria)
814:Arab tone system
633:
625:
617:
609:
601:
593:
464:Arabic miniature
190:Islamic ornament
63:
40:
39:
7820:
7819:
7815:
7814:
7813:
7811:
7810:
7809:
7770:
7769:
7768:
7756:
7744:
7734:
7732:
7720:
7710:
7708:
7696:
7688:
7686:
7681:
7595:
7444:
7435:Sufi psychology
7425:Sufi philosophy
7405:Sufi literature
7360:
7346:
7302:
7248:
7212:
7193:
7161:
7149:
7087:
7075:
7063:
7037:
7001:
6974:
6962:
6950:
6938:
6911:
6899:
6877:
6835:
6823:
6806:
6794:
6773:
6669:
6657:
6643:
6632:
6613:
6611:The Seven ranks
6541:
6514:
6440:
6434:
6404:
6399:
6390:
6388:
6375:
6363:
6307:
6298:Moorish Revival
6276:
6246:
6212:Albarrana tower
6200:
6129:
6116:in modern Iran)
6030:Dar al-Muwaqqit
6002:
5953:(fountain type)
5938:
5932:
5895:
5889:
5880:Reflecting pool
5875:Persian gardens
5870:Paradise garden
5838:
5815:(entrance hall)
5786:
5742:Nagash painting
5664:
5586:
5580:
5531:
5502:Lambrequin arch
5469:
5460:
5432:
5403:Sudano-Sahelian
5268:
5263:
5233:
5228:
5212:
5204:
5134:
5058:
5002:
4936:
4871:Imperial castle
4844:Coercion castle
4839:Coastal defence
4822:
4784:Promontory fort
4754:Hillside castle
4723:
4639:Fallout shelter
4604:Concertina wire
4584:Border security
4537:
4448:
4157:
3790:Coercion castle
3778:Cheval de frise
3760:Chemin de ronde
3608:Albarrana tower
3589:
3534:Schwedenschanze
3511:Promontory fort
3338:
3333:
3264:
3262:
3254:
3202:
3201:
3194:
3180:
3176:
3153:
3149:
3134:
3130:
3111:
3107:
3100:
3079:
3072:
3059:
3055:
3039:
3038:
3032:
3030:
3026:
3019:
3017:"Archived copy"
3015:
3014:
3010:
2995:10.3751/63.1.12
2979:
2975:
2968:
2946:
2935:
2920:
2916:
2911:
2830:
2818:
2793:Ribat of Sharaf
2789:Kyzylkum Desert
2726:
2721:
2709:
2665:
2640:Ribat of Sharaf
2602:
2597:
2595:Islamic meaning
2542:
2513:
2512:
2511:
2415:Isāf and Nā'ila
2246:
2236:
2235:
2234:
2148:Zarqa al Yamama
2013:Book of Wonders
1982:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1903:Liber de Causis
1809:Sufi philosophy
1773:
1763:
1762:
1761:
1747:Arabic medicine
1711:
1701:
1700:
1699:
1260:
1254:Epic literature
1216:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1109:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1045:Fann at-Tanbura
864:Kitab al-Aghani
800:
790:
789:
788:
648:
638:
637:
631:
623:
615:
607:
599:
591:
585:
575:
574:
573:
571:
454:Arabic graffiti
406:
396:
395:
394:
392:
297:Albarrana tower
240:Reflecting pool
230:Nagash painting
122:
73:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7818:
7808:
7807:
7802:
7797:
7792:
7787:
7782:
7767:
7766:
7754:
7742:
7730:
7718:
7706:
7683:
7682:
7680:
7679:
7674:
7669:
7664:
7659:
7654:
7649:
7644:
7639:
7634:
7629:
7624:
7619:
7614:
7609:
7603:
7601:
7597:
7596:
7594:
7593:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7563:
7558:
7553:
7548:
7543:
7538:
7533:
7528:
7523:
7518:
7513:
7508:
7503:
7498:
7493:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7473:
7468:
7463:
7458:
7452:
7450:
7446:
7445:
7443:
7442:
7437:
7432:
7427:
7422:
7417:
7412:
7407:
7402:
7400:Sufism history
7397:
7395:Sufi cosmology
7392:
7387:
7382:
7377:
7372:
7367:
7354:
7352:
7348:
7347:
7345:
7344:
7339:
7334:
7329:
7324:
7319:
7314:
7309:
7297:
7292:
7287:
7282:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7262:
7256:
7254:
7250:
7249:
7247:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7220:
7218:
7214:
7213:
7211:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7188:
7183:
7178:
7173:
7168:
7156:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7114:
7109:
7104:
7099:
7094:
7082:
7070:
7058:
7053:
7047:
7045:
7039:
7038:
7036:
7035:
7030:
7025:
7024:
7023:
7013:
7008:
6996:
6991:
6986:
6981:
6969:
6957:
6945:
6933:
6928:
6926:Sufism pillars
6923:
6918:
6906:
6894:
6889:
6887:Salat al-Fatih
6884:
6872:
6867:
6862:
6857:
6852:
6847:
6842:
6830:
6818:
6813:
6801:
6789:
6783:
6781:
6775:
6774:
6772:
6771:
6766:
6761:
6756:
6751:
6746:
6741:
6736:
6734:Lataif-e-Sitta
6731:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6711:
6706:
6701:
6696:
6691:
6686:
6681:
6676:
6667:Aayane Thabita
6664:
6651:
6649:
6645:
6644:
6635:
6633:
6631:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6509:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6474:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6454:
6448:
6446:
6442:
6441:
6433:
6432:
6425:
6418:
6410:
6401:
6400:
6368:
6365:
6364:
6362:
6361:
6356:
6351:
6346:
6341:
6336:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6315:
6313:
6312:Category pages
6309:
6308:
6306:
6305:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6284:
6282:
6278:
6277:
6275:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6258:
6256:
6252:
6251:
6248:
6247:
6245:
6244:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6214:
6208:
6206:
6202:
6201:
6199:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6186:Medina quarter
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6137:
6135:
6131:
6130:
6128:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6021:
6019:
6012:
6008:
6007:
6004:
6003:
6001:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5980:
5974:
5972:Riwaq (arcade)
5969:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5948:
5942:
5940:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5899:
5897:
5891:
5890:
5888:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5860:Islamic garden
5857:
5852:
5846:
5844:
5840:
5839:
5837:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5794:
5792:
5788:
5787:
5785:
5784:
5779:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5683:
5672:
5670:
5666:
5665:
5663:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5601:
5596:
5590:
5588:
5582:
5581:
5579:
5578:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5539:
5537:
5533:
5532:
5530:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5507:Multifoil arch
5504:
5499:
5497:Horseshoe arch
5494:
5489:
5484:
5477:
5475:
5471:
5470:
5463:
5461:
5459:
5458:
5453:
5447:
5445:
5438:
5434:
5433:
5431:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5389:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5339:
5338:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5276:
5274:
5270:
5269:
5262:
5261:
5254:
5247:
5239:
5230:
5229:
5227:
5226:
5209:
5206:
5205:
5203:
5202:
5201:
5200:
5190:
5188:Trench warfare
5185:
5183:Tunnel warfare
5180:
5179:
5178:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5142:
5140:
5136:
5135:
5133:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5066:
5064:
5060:
5059:
5057:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5039:Fortifications
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5010:
5008:
5004:
5003:
5001:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4944:
4942:
4938:
4937:
4935:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4891:
4882:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4856:
4851:
4849:Counter-castle
4846:
4841:
4836:
4834:Border barrier
4830:
4828:
4824:
4823:
4821:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4769:Lowland castle
4766:
4761:
4759:Hilltop castle
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4735:
4733:
4729:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4722:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4634:Electric fence
4631:
4626:
4624:Dragon's teeth
4621:
4619:Czech hedgehog
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4545:
4543:
4539:
4538:
4536:
4535:
4533:Wire obstacles
4530:
4521:
4519:Polygonal fort
4516:
4511:
4509:Martello tower
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4474:Border outpost
4471:
4462:
4456:
4454:
4450:
4449:
4447:
4446:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4374:
4365:
4360:
4350:
4348:Polygonal fort
4345:
4340:
4335:
4326:
4317:
4312:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4245:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4172:
4170:
4163:
4159:
4158:
4156:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3959:
3954:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3900:
3891:
3886:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3860:
3855:
3840:
3838:Flanking tower
3835:
3826:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3805:Counter-castle
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3773:
3764:
3755:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3692:
3687:
3678:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3599:
3597:
3595:Post-classical
3591:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3585:Vitrified fort
3582:
3570:
3561:
3552:
3543:
3538:
3529:
3524:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3489:
3484:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3443:Defensive wall
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3411:
3402:
3393:
3384:
3375:
3366:
3357:
3352:
3346:
3344:
3340:
3339:
3336:Fortifications
3332:
3331:
3324:
3317:
3309:
3303:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3277:
3253:
3252:External links
3250:
3249:
3248:
3241:
3234:
3219:
3209:
3200:
3199:
3193:978-1570038495
3192:
3174:
3163:(2): 212–225.
3147:
3128:
3105:
3098:
3070:
3053:
3008:
2973:
2966:
2933:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2905:
2902:Minat al-Qal'a
2899:
2892:
2891:
2887:
2886:
2880:
2874:
2868:
2863:
2857:
2851:
2842:
2836:
2829:
2826:
2817:
2814:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2708:
2705:
2664:
2661:
2601:
2598:
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2593:
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2541:
2540:
2533:
2526:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2509:
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2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
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2429:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2407:
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2397:
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2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
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2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2248:
2247:
2242:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2233:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2190:Kara Ben Nemsi
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2165:Abdul Alhazred
2162:
2151:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1966:
1965:
1963:Fusus al-Hikam
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1836:Al-aql al-faal
1827:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1579:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1523:
1518:
1509:Arabic prosody
1505:
1504:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1354:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1315:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1261:(ryhmed prose)
1256:
1245:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1218:
1217:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1006:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
983:Qudud Halabiya
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
933:Andalusi nubah
930:
919:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
881:Arabic hip hop
878:
867:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
819:Algerian scale
816:
811:
802:
801:
796:
795:
792:
791:
787:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
764:Robe of honour
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
705:
704:
699:
697:Tarboush (fez)
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
650:
649:
644:
643:
640:
639:
636:
635:
632:(North Africa)
627:
619:
611:
603:
595:
586:
581:
580:
577:
576:
569:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
531:Damascus steel
528:
523:
518:
507:
506:
501:
496:
491:
489:Islamic garden
486:
481:
476:
471:
469:Arabic pottery
466:
461:
456:
451:
440:
439:
438:
437:
432:
422:
417:
408:
407:
402:
401:
398:
397:
390:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
352:Medina quarter
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
288:
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
237:
232:
227:
222:
220:Multifoil arch
217:
212:
207:
202:
197:
192:
187:
182:
177:
172:
167:
165:Horseshoe arch
162:
157:
152:
147:
142:
137:
132:
120:
119:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
75:
74:
69:
68:
65:
64:
56:
55:
53:Arabic culture
49:
48:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7817:
7806:
7803:
7801:
7798:
7796:
7793:
7791:
7788:
7786:
7783:
7781:
7778:
7777:
7775:
7765:
7760:
7755:
7753:
7748:
7743:
7741:
7731:
7729:
7724:
7719:
7717:
7707:
7705:
7700:
7695:
7694:
7691:
7678:
7675:
7673:
7670:
7668:
7665:
7663:
7660:
7658:
7655:
7653:
7650:
7648:
7645:
7643:
7640:
7638:
7635:
7633:
7630:
7628:
7625:
7623:
7620:
7618:
7615:
7613:
7610:
7608:
7605:
7604:
7602:
7598:
7592:
7589:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7574:
7572:
7569:
7567:
7564:
7562:
7559:
7557:
7554:
7552:
7549:
7547:
7544:
7542:
7539:
7537:
7534:
7532:
7529:
7527:
7524:
7522:
7519:
7517:
7514:
7512:
7509:
7507:
7504:
7502:
7499:
7497:
7494:
7492:
7491:Jama'at Khana
7489:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7479:
7477:
7474:
7472:
7469:
7467:
7466:Datuk Keramat
7464:
7462:
7459:
7457:
7454:
7453:
7451:
7447:
7441:
7440:Sufi whirling
7438:
7436:
7433:
7431:
7428:
7426:
7423:
7421:
7418:
7416:
7413:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7368:
7364:
7359:
7356:
7355:
7353:
7349:
7343:
7340:
7338:
7335:
7333:
7330:
7328:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7306:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7261:
7258:
7257:
7255:
7251:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7224:Antinomianism
7222:
7221:
7219:
7215:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7197:
7192:
7189:
7187:
7184:
7182:
7179:
7177:
7174:
7172:
7169:
7165:
7160:
7157:
7153:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7091:
7086:
7083:
7079:
7074:
7071:
7067:
7062:
7059:
7057:
7054:
7052:
7049:
7048:
7046:
7044:
7040:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7022:
7019:
7018:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7005:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6978:
6973:
6970:
6966:
6961:
6958:
6954:
6949:
6946:
6942:
6937:
6934:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6922:
6919:
6915:
6910:
6907:
6903:
6898:
6895:
6893:
6890:
6888:
6885:
6881:
6876:
6873:
6871:
6868:
6866:
6863:
6861:
6858:
6856:
6853:
6851:
6848:
6846:
6843:
6839:
6834:
6831:
6827:
6822:
6819:
6817:
6814:
6810:
6805:
6802:
6798:
6793:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6784:
6782:
6780:
6776:
6770:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6747:
6745:
6742:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6732:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6673:
6668:
6665:
6661:
6656:
6653:
6652:
6650:
6646:
6639:
6629:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6617:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6545:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6518:
6513:
6510:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6457:Ahl al-Khutwa
6455:
6453:
6450:
6449:
6447:
6443:
6438:
6431:
6426:
6424:
6419:
6417:
6412:
6411:
6408:
6398:
6397:
6385:
6384:
6379:
6372:
6366:
6360:
6357:
6355:
6352:
6350:
6347:
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6330:
6327:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6316:
6314:
6310:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6285:
6283:
6279:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6259:
6257:
6253:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6209:
6207:
6203:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6171:Hasht-Bihisht
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6132:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6115:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6045:Jama'at Khana
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6022:
6020:
6016:
6013:
6009:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5943:
5941:
5935:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5900:
5898:
5892:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5865:Mughal garden
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5847:
5845:
5841:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5795:
5793:
5789:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5687:
5684:
5681:
5678:
5674:
5673:
5671:
5667:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5591:
5589:
5583:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5560:
5556:
5552:
5548:
5544:
5541:
5540:
5538:
5534:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5520:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5482:
5479:
5478:
5476:
5472:
5467:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5448:
5446:
5442:
5439:
5435:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5363:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5343:
5340:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5317:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5277:
5275:
5271:
5267:
5260:
5255:
5253:
5248:
5246:
5241:
5240:
5237:
5225:
5224:
5211:
5210:
5207:
5199:
5196:
5195:
5194:
5193:Urban warfare
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5177:
5174:
5173:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5146:Civil defense
5144:
5143:
5141:
5137:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5067:
5065:
5061:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5014:Bastion forts
5012:
5011:
5009:
5005:
4999:
4998:Z-plan castle
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4968:L-plan castle
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4953:Bridge castle
4951:
4949:
4946:
4945:
4943:
4939:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4922:Refuge castle
4920:
4917:
4916:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4903:Military base
4901:
4898:
4897:
4892:
4889:
4888:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4866:Hunting lodge
4864:
4862:
4861:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4831:
4829:
4825:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4779:Moated castle
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4764:Island castle
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4736:
4734:
4732:By topography
4730:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4704:Submarine pen
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4659:Hesco bastion
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4574:Blast shelter
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4546:
4544:
4540:
4534:
4531:
4528:
4527:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4469:
4468:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4451:
4444:
4443:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4375:
4372:
4371:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4357:
4356:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4343:Place-of-arms
4341:
4339:
4336:
4333:
4332:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4281:
4280:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4252:
4251:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4180:
4179:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4167:
4164:
4160:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4143:
4142:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4089:
4088:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3979:
3977:
3976:Machicolation
3974:
3972:
3971:L-plan castle
3969:
3966:
3965:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3950:
3949:
3941:
3940:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3907:
3906:
3901:
3898:
3897:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3865:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3833:
3832:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3756:
3753:
3752:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3704:Bridge castle
3702:
3699:
3698:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3685:
3684:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3670:
3668:
3667:Bent entrance
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3652:Battery tower
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3603:Advanced work
3601:
3600:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3586:
3583:
3579:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3567:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3536:
3535:
3530:
3528:
3527:Refuge castle
3525:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3481:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3418:
3417:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3385:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3330:
3325:
3323:
3318:
3316:
3311:
3310:
3307:
3300:
3297:
3292:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3261:
3256:
3255:
3246:
3242:
3239:
3235:
3233:. p. 81.
3232:
3231:1-58477-695-1
3228:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3213:
3210:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3195:
3189:
3185:
3178:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3151:
3143:
3139:
3132:
3124:
3119:
3118:
3109:
3101:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3077:
3075:
3067:
3063:
3057:
3049:
3043:
3029:on 2015-05-18
3025:
3018:
3012:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2977:
2969:
2963:
2959:
2954:
2953:
2944:
2942:
2940:
2938:
2929:
2925:
2918:
2914:
2903:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2825:
2823:
2813:
2810:حَـقِـيْـقَـة
2807:
2803:
2797:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2777:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2716:
2714:
2704:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2693:ʻArḍ al-Ribat
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2669:jihadi groups
2660:
2658:
2654:
2653:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2592:
2590:
2589:caravanserais
2586:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2562:fortification
2555:
2551:
2539:
2534:
2532:
2527:
2525:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2251:
2245:
2240:
2239:
2231:
2230:Talia al Ghul
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2156:
2155:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2008:Book of Idols
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1975:
1969:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1841:Aql bi-l-fi'l
1839:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1794:Islamic Logic
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1767:
1766:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1705:
1704:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1586:
1585:
1584:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1434:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1360:
1359:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
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1040:Egyptian folk
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647:
642:
641:
634:
630:Arab Maghreb
628:
626:
620:
618:
612:
610:
608:(Mesopotamia)
604:
602:
598:Arab Mashriq
596:
594:
588:
587:
584:
579:
578:
572:
567:
564:
562:
561:Pseudo-Arabic
559:
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527:
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494:Islamic glass
492:
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420:Nabataean art
418:
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58:
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54:
51:
50:
46:
42:
41:
36:
32:
28:
22:
7764:Architecture
7565:
7370:Madih nabawi
6387:
6374:
6371:Islamic arts
6241:
6151:Caravanserai
5676:
5630:Loudspeakers
5555:Persian dome
5517:Pointed arch
5315:Indo-Islamic
5305:Great Seljuk
5216:
5171:Siege engine
5139:Other topics
5063:Related word
5029:Defense line
4993:Tower castle
4948:Bastion fort
4932:Urban castle
4860:Ganerbenburg
4858:
4813:Water castle
4789:Ridge castle
4774:Marsh castle
4589:Bomb shelter
4569:Belgian gate
4542:20th century
4453:19th century
4391:Retrenchment
4363:Punji sticks
4272:Entrenchment
4267:Device Forts
4234:Counterguard
4169:Early modern
4099:Tower castle
4049:
4035:Powder tower
4010:Outer bailey
3922:Inner bailey
3896:Gulyay-gorod
3864:Ganerbenburg
3862:
3858:Fujian tulou
3800:Corner tower
3739:Chamber gate
3709:Bridge tower
3557:Trou de loup
3290:
3263:. Retrieved
3244:
3237:
3222:
3215:
3183:
3177:
3160:
3156:
3150:
3141:
3137:
3131:
3116:
3108:
3089:
3086:Grabar, Oleg
3056:
3031:. Retrieved
3024:the original
3011:
2989:(1): 31–47.
2986:
2982:
2976:
2951:
2927:
2923:
2917:
2904:in Palestine
2898:in Palestine
2848:
2819:
2816:Female Sufis
2798:
2781:Rabati Malik
2778:
2761:
2746:North Africa
2727:
2713:caravanserai
2710:
2692:
2666:
2656:
2652:dar al-Islam
2650:
2648:
2625:
2617:
2605:
2603:
2584:
2582:
2569:
2549:
2547:
2477:Dhul Khalasa
2420:
2419:
2249:
2244:Spirituality
2220:Ra's al Ghul
2195:King Marsile
2153:
2152:
2078:Magic carpet
1967:
1896:
1895:
1829:
1828:
1665:Saudi Arabia
1581:
1580:
1507:
1506:
1432:
1431:
1385:
1384:
1356:
1355:
1317:
1316:
1247:
1246:
1219:
1094:
1020:Algerian Raï
1008:
1007:
921:
920:
869:
868:
849:Quarter tone
809:Arabic maqam
803:
707:
706:
651:
570:
546:Hedwig glass
509:
508:
442:
441:
409:
391:
361:
312:Caravanserai
290:
289:
123:
121:
76:
71:Architecture
7486:Jama masjid
7430:Sufi poetry
7361: [
7322:Sufi orders
7303: [
7217:Misconducts
7194: [
7162: [
7150: [
7088: [
7076: [
7064: [
7002: [
6975: [
6963: [
6951: [
6939: [
6912: [
6900: [
6878: [
6836: [
6824: [
6807: [
6795: [
6670: [
6658: [
6614: [
6601:Sufis ranks
6542: [
6515: [
6467:Bash Hezzab
6439:terminology
5998:Windcatcher
5979:(courtyard)
5732:Mosque lamp
5712:Girih tiles
5669:Decorations
5547:Arabic dome
5070:Castle town
4927:Toll castle
4896:Lustschloss
4878:Kaiserpfalz
4808:Spur castle
4803:Rock castle
4744:Hill castle
4739:Cave castle
4699:Spider hole
4599:Bremer wall
4564:Barbed tape
4460:Barbed wire
4134:Witch tower
4104:Tower house
4094:Toll castle
4080:Shield wall
4000:Murder hole
3889:Guard tower
3506:Pincer gate
3453:Faussebraye
2754:West Africa
2180:Battal Gazi
1365:Anthologies
1165:Raqs Sharqi
1120:Belly dance
963:Iraqi maqam
891:Arabic jazz
886:Arabic rock
739:Fouta towel
541:Girih tiles
459:Arab carpet
430:Fatimid art
425:Islamic art
280:Windcatcher
145:Arabic dome
7774:Categories
7740:Psychology
7652:Prayer rug
7415:Sufi music
7275:Hizb Rateb
7253:Ceremonies
7021:Zarruqiyya
6729:Ismul Azam
6281:Influences
6196:Well house
5967:Mashrabiya
5615:Hussainiya
5551:Onion dome
5342:Indonesian
5330:Qutb Shahi
5095:Gatekeeper
4915:Ordensburg
4887:Landesburg
4694:Sentry gun
4649:Flak tower
4579:Blast wall
4499:Gun turret
4396:Sally port
4301:Kotta mara
4241:Couvreface
4205:Breastwork
4200:Blockhouse
4178:Abwurfdach
4129:Watchtower
4119:Wall tower
4075:Shell keep
4025:Portcullis
4020:Peel tower
4005:Neck ditch
3964:Landesburg
3912:Half tower
3870:Gate tower
3815:Drawbridge
3657:Battlement
3573:Wagon fort
3416:Chengqiang
3099:0300053304
3033:2015-06-04
2967:0807812234
2909:References
2834:Almoravids
2785:Uzbekistan
2689:Gaza Strip
2578:al-ʻAwāṣim
2452:Dhat-Badan
2380:Theandrios
2360:Baalshamin
2355:Atarsamain
2210:Palamedes
1953:Muqaddimah
1913:Al-isharat
1819:Avicennism
1771:Philosophy
1640:Mauritania
1449:Muwashshah
1414:Khamriyyah
1214:Literature
1160:Ouled Nail
973:Muwashshah
876:Arabic pop
435:Mamluk art
382:Well house
317:Bimaristan
205:Mashrabiya
7728:Education
7662:Tagelmust
7657:Qashabiya
7632:Jellabiya
7536:Mausoleum
7229:Rahbaniya
7043:Waridates
6860:Muraqabah
6855:Muhasabah
6539:Mutahaqiq
6255:Resources
6018:Religious
5988:Shabestan
5946:Hypostyle
5928:Shadirvan
5697:Arabesque
5620:Imamzadeh
5585:Religious
5565:Semi-dome
5512:Ogee arch
5481:Chahartaq
5444:Materials
5371:Almoravid
5346:Malaysian
5198:Guerrilla
4941:By design
4689:Revetment
4504:Land mine
4435:Star fort
4262:Crownwork
4257:Covertway
4190:Barricade
3831:Embrasure
3744:Chartaque
3674:Bergfried
3632:Arrowslit
3458:Gatehouse
3428:City gate
3389:Castellum
3355:Acropolis
3064:" (PDF),
3003:143772587
2839:Al-Awasim
2758:marabouts
2734:al-Awasim
2697:Palestine
2604:The word
2570:murabitun
2295:Al-Kutbay
2123:Shadhavar
2088:Mount Qaf
2063:Karkadann
1980:Mythology
1866:Asabiyyah
1824:Averroism
1655:Palestine
1577:Mutadārik
1574:Mutaqārib
1565:Mujtathth
1417:Tardiyyah
1237:Classical
1180:Schikhatt
1145:Khaleegy
922:Art music
749:Jellabiya
662:Battoulah
516:Arabesque
510:Features
372:Shadirvan
175:Hypostyle
140:Arabesque
124:Features
92:Nabataean
7704:Religion
7672:Tarboosh
7627:Gandoura
7622:Djellaba
7239:Taqabbur
6989:Tawassul
6984:Tawakkul
6648:Concepts
6566:Qalandar
6529:Muqarrab
6524:Muqaddam
6507:Marabout
6369:Part of
6205:Military
6141:Baradari
6134:Civilian
5957:Jharokha
5918:Mechouar
5855:Charbagh
5798:Andaruni
5772:Socarrat
5737:Muqarnas
5635:Maqsurah
5527:Vaulting
5456:Tadelakt
5437:Elements
5386:Zayyanid
5366:Aghlabid
5223:Category
5213:See also
5100:Loophole
4988:Ringwork
4983:Ringfort
4908:Obstacle
4749:Hillfort
4669:Loophole
4467:Barbette
4442:Tenaille
4425:Sea fort
4355:Presidio
4315:Magazine
4296:Hornwork
4229:Cavalier
4224:Casemate
4217:Caponier
4060:Ringwork
3948:Detinets
3917:Hoarding
3822:Enceinte
3697:Bretèche
3642:Bartizan
3637:Barbican
3613:Alcazaba
3541:Stockade
3521:Ringfort
3501:Palisade
3473:Landwehr
3468:Hillfort
3088:(1994).
3042:cite web
2896:Cafarlet
2828:See also
2787:in the
2673:al-Qaeda
2671:such as
2410:Yarhibol
2390:Malakbel
2260:Al-‘Uzzá
2170:Ali Baba
2143:Zulfiqar
1830:Concepts
1814:Farabism
1605:Djibouti
1562:Muqtaḍab
1556:Munsariħ
1499:Ghinnawa
1474:Riddles
1459:Mathnawi
1221:Language
1175:Shamadan
1140:Hagallah
993:Tahmilah
774:Takchita
734:Durra'ah
729:Djellaba
708:Clothing
682:Madhalla
672:Keffiyeh
652:Headwear
606:Mashriq
600:(Levant)
556:Muqarnas
275:Voussoir
270:Vaulting
265:Tadelakt
255:Socarrat
225:Muqarnas
45:a series
43:Part of
7795:Maghreb
7690:Portals
7667:Taqiyah
7642:Misbaha
7617:Burnous
7600:Objects
7551:Musalla
7531:Maqbara
7521:Madrasa
7511:Külliye
7506:Khanqah
7501:Khalawi
7481:Gongbei
7385:Qawwali
7375:Nasheed
7358:Ashewiq
7342:Ziyarat
7317:Silsila
7244:Zandaqa
7203:Walayah
7181:Tajalli
7137:Ma'rifa
7122:Karamat
7102:Hidayah
7056:Basirah
7051:Barakah
6994:Tazkiah
6972:Tawajud
6960:Takhlia
6931:Tafakur
6892:Salawat
6699:Ghaflah
6581:Rabbani
6534:Murshid
6512:Mudaqiq
6502:Majzoob
6472:Dervish
6303:Mudéjar
6267:ArchNet
6217:Alcázar
6090:Musalla
6075:Maqbara
6065:Madrasa
6055:Külliye
6050:Khanqah
6040:Gongbei
5939:cooling
5937:Passive
5903:Chhatri
5896:objects
5894:Outdoor
5843:Gardens
5819:Mirador
5757:Shabaka
5747:Qashani
5702:Banna'i
5645:Minaret
5587:objects
5577:(eaves)
5575:Chhajja
5522:Squinch
5423:Umayyad
5418:Timurid
5408:Swahili
5393:Ottoman
5376:Almohad
5361:Moorish
5351:Iranian
5320:Bengali
5300:Fatimid
5295:Chinese
5290:Ayyubid
5280:Abbasid
5130:Vedette
5120:Schloss
5085:Festung
5080:Dungeon
5075:Château
5019:Castles
4827:By role
4684:Pillbox
4514:Outpost
4430:Station
4418:Schanze
4401:Sandbag
4386:Redoubt
4370:Ravelin
4338:Palanka
4322:Orillon
4308:Lunette
4250:Coupure
4195:Bastion
4185:Arsenal
4153:Zwinger
4065:Roundel
4055:Ricetto
4030:Postern
4015:Outwork
3939:Kremlin
3810:Curtain
3785:Citadel
3769:Chemise
3729:Caltrop
3647:Bastion
3620:Alcázar
3516:Rampart
3494:Oppidum
3487:Nuraghe
3433:Crannog
3407:Castros
3343:Ancient
3299:ArchNet
2958:231–232
2854:Khanqah
2822:convent
2768:Persian
2763:khānqāh
2738:ṭarīqas
2685:Jihadis
2675:or the
2657:murabit
2618:khanqah
2558:رِبَـاط
2502:Yaghūth
2472:Basamum
2427:Almaqah
2395:Orotalt
2350:Al-Qaum
2345:Aglibol
2280:Chaabou
2275:Dushara
2225:Sindbad
2205:Othello
2160:Aladdin
2118:Shaddad
1998:Bahamut
1709:Science
1685:Tunisia
1670:Somalia
1645:Morocco
1630:Lebanon
1600:Comoros
1595:Bahrain
1590:Algeria
1568:Muḍāriʿ
1503:Humayni
1427:Hamasah
1319:Islamic
1302:Tezkire
1297:Tabaqat
1190:Tanoura
1130:Deheyeh
1025:Bedouin
978:Qasidah
938:Bashraf
911:Khaliji
906:Al Jeel
759:Macawis
724:Burnous
692:Tantour
687:Taqiyah
624:(Sudan)
622:Mawset
616:(Egypt)
614:Mawset
590:Khalij
583:Cuisine
526:Banna'i
332:Madrasa
302:Alcázar
155:Gardens
150:Banna'i
112:Moorish
107:Fatimid
102:Abbasid
97:Umayyad
82:Islamic
35:Tunisia
7785:Ribats
7677:Turban
7647:Miswak
7637:Khirqa
7612:Balgha
7607:Ammama
7591:Zawiya
7581:Turbah
7546:Mosque
7516:Kuttab
7496:Khalwa
7476:Gonbad
7471:Eidgah
7461:Dargah
7449:Places
7337:Wezeea
7332:Tweeza
7327:Tariqa
7312:Sebiba
7290:Mawsim
7285:Mawlid
7280:Idjaza
7265:Bay'ah
7260:Ashura
7186:Thawab
7176:Secret
7159:Rabita
7132:Khatir
7117:Ishrak
7097:Haqiqa
7073:Djadba
7016:Wazifa
6948:Tahlia
6936:Tahara
6909:Shuhud
6850:Lazimi
6845:Latifa
6833:Ichara
6792:Djamaa
6769:Yaqeen
6655:Aayane
6606:Talibe
6596:Siddiq
6591:Sheikh
6497:Khatib
6487:Hezzab
6437:Sufism
6227:Kasbah
6176:Kasbah
6166:Hammam
6161:Ghorfa
6146:Bazaar
6125:Zawiya
6114:takyeh
6085:Mosque
6035:Dargah
5962:Kucheh
5908:Eidgah
5834:Zenana
5782:Zellij
5767:Sitara
5762:Shamsa
5650:Minbar
5640:Mihrab
5625:Kiswah
5610:Gonbad
5474:Arches
5428:Yemeni
5398:Somali
5381:Hafsid
5356:Mamluk
5335:Mughal
5325:Deccan
5273:Styles
5125:Trench
5115:Picket
4526:Sangar
4479:Bunker
4411:Sconce
4331:Ostrog
4279:Flèche
4162:Modern
4141:Yagura
4109:Turret
4045:Reduit
3983:Merlon
3927:Kasbah
3905:Gusuku
3882:Glacis
3875:Gabion
3844:church
3751:Chashi
3734:Castle
3578:Laager
3566:Vallum
3523:(Rath)
3398:Castra
3380:Burgus
3350:Abatis
3288:Seljuk
3229:
3214:from:
3190:
3096:
3001:
2964:
2806:Arabic
2802:ḥaqīqa
2773:خانقاه
2750:Sahara
2742:zawiya
2681:Salafi
2630:Turkey
2624:, and
2554:Arabic
2482:Haukim
2467:Qaynan
2462:Ta'lab
2457:Haubas
2447:Salman
2442:Athtar
2310:Azizos
2265:Al-Lat
2138:Wāḳwāḳ
2108:Qutrub
2103:Qareen
2093:Nasnas
2073:Luqman
2068:Kujata
2023:Dandan
1988:Ababil
1690:U.A.E.
1625:Kuwait
1620:Jordan
1559:Khafīf
1549:Rajaz
1494:Nabati
1489:Mawwal
1479:Kharja
1469:Nasīb
1464:Ruba'i
1454:Urjūza
1444:Qasida
1439:Diwan
1420:Khawal
1410:Ghazal
1400:Rithā'
1386:Genres
1358:Poetry
1351:Aqidah
1336:Hadith
1331:Tafsir
1267:Maqama
1242:Modern
1195:Yowlah
1185:Tahtib
1155:Mizmar
1135:Guedra
1085:Shaabi
1070:Mezwed
1065:Mawwal
1050:Fijiri
1015:Ataaba
1003:Waslah
998:Taqsim
988:Sama'i
968:Mawwal
958:Malhun
953:Layali
870:Genres
844:Teslim
829:Taqsim
804:Theory
769:Sirwal
754:Kaftan
702:Turban
677:Litham
566:Zellij
551:Kiswah
536:Damask
410:Styles
387:Zawiya
377:Tekyeh
347:Mosque
327:Kasbah
322:Hammam
307:Bazaar
285:Zellij
215:Mosaic
117:Mamluk
87:Yemeni
77:Styles
7780:Forts
7716:Islam
7586:Türbe
7576:Takya
7571:Surau
7566:Ribat
7561:Rauza
7556:Qubba
7541:Mazar
7526:Maqam
7456:Daara
7380:Naʽat
7365:]
7307:]
7300:Sbooa
7295:Salka
7270:Haḍra
7234:Shath
7208:Warid
7198:]
7171:Ru'ya
7166:]
7154:]
7147:Qabdh
7127:Kashf
7112:Irfan
7107:Ilham
7092:]
7080:]
7068:]
7006:]
6979:]
6967:]
6955:]
6943:]
6921:Shukr
6916:]
6904:]
6882:]
6875:Sahar
6840:]
6828:]
6821:Ibara
6811:]
6804:Djoua
6799:]
6787:Dhikr
6779:Awrad
6739:Maqam
6719:Ihsan
6709:Hijab
6689:Dhawq
6684:Baqaa
6674:]
6662:]
6628:Wasil
6618:]
6586:Salik
6571:Qāriʾ
6551:Murid
6546:]
6519:]
6482:Hafiz
6477:Fakir
6452:Abdal
6445:Sufis
6242:Ribat
6237:Qalat
6222:Amsar
6181:Mahal
6120:Türbe
6110:Takya
6105:Surau
6100:Rauza
6095:Qubba
6080:Mazar
6070:Maqam
6011:Types
5923:Sebil
5813:Liwan
5803:Harem
5791:Rooms
5707:Girih
5692:Alfiz
5686:Ablaq
5660:Zarih
5655:Qibla
5604:Dikka
5599:Bedug
5594:Anaza
5570:Tajug
5536:Roofs
5451:Qadad
5413:Tatar
5310:Hausa
5166:Siege
5110:Palas
5054:Walls
5044:Forts
5007:Lists
4854:Fence
4796:Rocca
4664:Kabal
4379:Redan
4286:Gorge
4210:Canal
4087:Shiro
4050:Ribat
4040:Qalat
3852:Dzong
3848:house
3548:Sudis
3480:Limes
3438:Ditch
3371:Broch
3362:Agger
3265:2 May
3027:(PDF)
3020:(PDF)
2999:S2CID
2871:Rabad
2626:tekke
2614:jihad
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2606:ribat
2585:ribat
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2437:Anbay
2375:Suwa'
2370:Hubal
2340:Abgal
2330:Manāt
2325:Manāt
2320:Quzah
2315:Bajir
2300:Asira
2285:Manaf
2270:Manāt
2255:Allah
2083:Marid
2048:Ifrit
2043:Houri
2033:Ghoul
2028:Falak
2018:Buraq
1897:Texts
1886:Qadar
1876:Irfan
1856:Peace
1851:Dhati
1799:Kalam
1695:Yemen
1680:Syria
1675:Sudan
1660:Qatar
1635:Libya
1610:Egypt
1571:Sarīʿ
1553:Ramal
1544:Hazaj
1539:Wāfir
1534:Kamil
1529:Basīṭ
1525:Madīd
1521:Ṭawīl
1484:Zajal
1433:Forms
1423:Fakhr
1391:Madih
1370:Poets
1326:Quran
1307:Rihla
1248:Prose
1232:Paleo
1170:Samri
1125:Dabke
1115:Ardah
1107:Dance
1090:Zajal
1075:Samri
948:Dulab
901:Opera
839:Lazma
798:Music
784:Tiraz
779:Thawb
744:Izaar
719:Bisht
714:Abaya
646:Dress
443:Types
367:Sabil
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291:Types
245:Riwaq
235:Qadad
200:Liwan
160:Girih
135:Alfiz
130:Ablaq
7390:Sama
7351:Arts
7085:Fath
7061:Bast
7033:Zuhd
7028:Wird
7011:Wajd
6999:Uzla
6897:Samt
6870:Sabr
6764:Sadr
6749:Qalb
6744:Nafs
6724:Ishq
6714:Huwa
6694:Fana
6623:Wali
6576:Qutb
6492:Imam
6232:Ksar
6191:Souq
6112:(or
5977:Sahn
5951:Howz
5913:Fina
5885:Riad
5850:Bagh
5829:Qa’a
5824:Hosh
5808:Iwan
5727:Jali
5543:Dome
5176:list
4594:Buoy
4148:Yett
3990:Moat
3957:Ksar
3932:Keep
3724:Caer
3714:Burh
3690:Boom
3683:Berm
3662:Bawn
3627:Amba
3463:Gord
3267:2021
3227:ISBN
3188:ISBN
3094:ISBN
3048:link
2962:ISBN
2860:Ksar
2845:Khan
2644:Iran
2622:Iran
2583:The
2487:Nasr
2405:Sa'd
2400:Ruda
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2335:A'ra
2305:Awal
2290:Nuha
2113:Roc
2058:Jinn
2038:Hinn
1891:Qalb
1881:Nafs
1650:Oman
1615:Iraq
1516:Bayt
1405:Waṣf
1395:Hija
1346:Fiqh
1341:Sīra
1259:Saj
1227:Old
1150:Liwa
1080:Sawt
1060:Liwa
1009:Folk
943:Dawr
834:Jins
667:Haik
657:Agal
250:Sahn
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195:Iwan
170:Howz
7752:Art
7191:Uns
7142:Nūr
6816:Dua
6759:Rūḥ
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