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Celestial cartography

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149: 133: 426: 294: 361: 36: 468: 461: 337:, is concerned with precise measurements of the location of celestial bodies in the celestial sphere and their kinematics relative to a reference frame on the celestial sphere. In principle, astrometry can involve such measurements of planets, stars, black holes and galaxies to any celestial body. 475: 340:
Throughout human history, astrometry played a significant role in shaping our understanding of the structure of the visible sky, which accompanies the location of bodies in it, hence making it a fundamental tool to celestial cartography.
269:. During the 19th century, "uranography" was defined as the "description of the heavens". Elijah H. Burritt re-defined it as the "geography of the heavens". The German word for uranography is " 1141: 195:. Measuring the position and light of charted objects requires a variety of instruments and techniques. These techniques have developed from angle measurements with 1558: 1131: 521:
A determining fact source for drawing star charts is naturally a star table. This is apparent when comparing the imaginative "star maps" of
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Easy to use monthly star maps for northern and southern hemispheres. Helpful target lists for naked eye, binocular, or telescope viewing.
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This print, published in Richard Blome's "The Gentleman's Recreation" (1686) shows the diverse ways in which cosmography can be applied
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combined with lenses for light magnification, up to current methods which include computer-automated
1585: 1075: 482: 371: 93: 1597: 1625: 1527: 1008:– David Herald & Peter Bobroff (stars to magnitude 9 in main charts, 14 in selected sections) 375: 46: 266: 1206: 1080: 914: 1105: 1012: 799: 779: 668: 625: 593: 572: 487: 196: 702:
which had been deciphered due to the efforts of astronomical observations by Su's peer, the
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and professional astronomers. More recently, computerized star maps have been compiled, and
1532: 1402: 1345: 673: 8: 1169: 1120: 857: 744: 563: 334: 188: 1406: 1349: 1090: 1600:, high-resolution scans of prints relating to the study of the structure of the cosmos. 1579: 1566: 1512: 1357: 884:, Axel Mellinger and Ronald Stoyan, 2011. Stars to magnitude 14, natural color, 1°/cm. 1458: 1420: 1361: 1002:, Barry Rappaport, Will Remaklus (stars to magnitude 9.7; 11.5 in selected close-ups) 830: 794: 784: 598: 580: 531: 505: 220: 1522: 718: 1410: 1353: 192: 20: 1562: 1545: 1476: 1438: 815: 751: 739: 617: 525:– illustrations beside a narrative text from the antiquity – to the star maps of 208: 141: 760:, which replaced pagan constellations with biblical and early Christian figures. 1174: 1065: 978: 820: 764: 613: 350: 240: 224: 132: 1538: 969:– Michael Feiler, Philip Noack (Telrad Finder Charts – stars to magnitude 7.5) 1609: 1424: 1415: 1390: 1250:
Lovi, G.; W. Tirion; B. Rappaport (1987). "Uranography Yesterday and Today".
1239:. Amsterdam and New York: Theatrum Orbis Terrarum Ltd. and Alan R. Liss, Inc. 1023: 584:– contains the first West Enlightenment star table, based on measurements of 731: 526: 494: 1159: 1042:– Piotr Brych (2,400,000 stars to magnitude 12, galaxies to magnitude 18). 1340:, in McFadden, Lucy-Ann; Weissman, Paul R.; Johnson, Torrence V. (eds.), 1211: 1196: 1147: 1110: 981:(stars to magnitude 7.75 and about 12,000 clusters, galaxies and nebulae) 930: 920: 773: 735: 726: 585: 536: 244: 176: 1164: 425: 293: 1293: 1191: 1186: 1095: 1060: 1027: 999: 988: 954: 944: 934: 908: 898: 657: 330: 325: 216: 1439:"Dürer's hemispheres of 1515 — the first European printed star charts" 797:, a star map updated with many new star positions based on Hevelius's 698:
form. Su Song's star maps also featured the corrected position of the
1137: 714: 699: 228: 212: 200: 172: 360: 35: 1070: 1050:(2014) – Ronald Stoyan and Stephan Schurig (stars to magnitude 9.5) 1036:(still in preparation) – Christopher Watson (stars to magnitude 12) 707: 703: 695: 691: 687: 653: 550: 184: 683: 555: 554:– contains the last known star table from antiquity, prepared by 204: 1469: 1125: 1100: 513: 1115: 1572: 474: 255: 24: 1489: 1252:
Uranometria 2000.0. 1: The Northern Hemisphere to – 6 degree
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uses databases of stars and of other astronomical objects.
180: 19:"Astrography" redirects here. For a telescope designed for 1085: 467: 460: 1249: 1216: 1016:– Roger Sinnott, Michael Perryman (stars to magnitude 11) 771:(not to be confused with the similarly named and scoped 713:
1515 – First European printed star charts published in
620:, position of more than 3,000 stars by accuracy of 10". 529:, based on precise star-position measurements from the 1550: 660:, is adorned with a large and extensive star chart. 542: 60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1594:, a collection of high-resolution star map images. 1588:, a collection of more than 60 star atlas volumes. 1556:Collection of rare star atlases, charts, and maps 1342:Encyclopedia of the Solar System (Second Edition) 1336:Endl, Michael; Cochran, William D. (2007-01-01), 1237:The Sky Explored: Celestial Cartography 1500–1800 878:(Christos Papadopoulos). Stars to magnitude 13.5. 16:Part of astronomy concerned with mapping of stars 1607: 1153: 1344:, San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 887–902, 1144:: 2 celestial cartography apps for smartphones 1539:Monthly star maps for every location on Earth 876:True Visual Magnitude Photographic Star Atlas 734:, the first western modern star map based on 991:& Roger Sinnott (stars to magnitude 8.5) 1586:"Astronomy: Star Atlases, Charts, and Maps" 1335: 389:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 211:. Uranographers have historically produced 1598:"History of Cosmology: Views of the Stars" 1281:Firmamentum Sobiescianum sive Uranographia 1264: 916:Norton's Star Atlas and Reference Handbook 648:15th century BC – The ceiling of the tomb 473: 466: 459: 1414: 1395:Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences 1388: 872:(Hans Vehrenberg). Stars to magnitude 14. 866:(Hans Vehrenberg). Stars to magnitude 13. 690:treatise which had the earliest existent 409:Learn how and when to remove this message 120:Learn how and when to remove this message 963:– Roger Sinnott (stars to magnitude 7.5) 791:Firmamentum Sobiescanum sive Uranometria 652:for the Egyptian architect and minister 239:The word "uranography" derived from the 147: 131: 1565:available in full digital facsimile at 1528:Historical Celestial Atlases on the Web 633:and collaborators, circa 460,000 stars. 1608: 1479:, GreatSkyAtlas.com, December 1, 2009. 1234: 265:was used as the book title of various 1311:Uranographia sive Astrorum Descriptio 1267:Men, Monsters and the Modern Universe 882:The Cambridge Photographic Star Atlas 1384: 1382: 1020:Field Guide to the Stars and Planets 420: 387:adding citations to reliable sources 354: 288: 58:adding citations to reliable sources 29: 1391:"The Future of Astrometry in Space" 951:Cambridge Atlas of Herschel Objects 13: 860:, a very early photographic atlas. 344: 14: 1642: 1573:Navigable online map of the stars 1506: 1379: 1338:"CHAPTER 47 - Extrasolar Planets" 996:Uranometria 2000.0 Deep Sky Atlas 1358:10.1016/b978-012088589-3/50051-7 977:(Atlas of the Heavens) 1950.0 – 543:Important historical star tables 424: 359: 292: 34: 1578:The Digital Collections of the 1533:Felice Stoppa's ATLAS COELESTIS 1482: 1463: 1452: 1431: 1054: 1030:charts (stars to magnitude 7.5) 846: 637: 45:needs additional citations for 1329: 1316: 1303: 1286: 1273: 1258: 1243: 1228: 1: 1389:Vallenari, Antonella (2018). 1265:Lovi, G.; Tirion, W. (1989). 1222: 1154:Free and printable from files 1076:Stars and Planets for Android 1047:Interstellarum Deep Sky Atlas 807: 663: 284: 1523:The Mag-7 Star Atlas Project 1470:"The Great Atlas of the Sky" 1324:The Geography of the Heavens 841:Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander 757:Coelum Stellatum Christianum 642: 631:Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander 234: 138:Coelum Stellatum Christianum 7: 1592:"Astronomy: Selected Images 1459:"Stars & Planets Guide" 1202:Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido 1180: 941:Cambridge Double Star Atlas 10: 1647: 1269:. Richmond: Willmann-Bell. 1254:. Willmann-Bell, Richmond. 1040:The Great Atlas of the Sky 974:Atlas Coeli Skalnate Pleso 472: 465: 458: 348: 323: 18: 1170:DeepSky Hunter Star Atlas 1165:Toshimi Taki Star Atlases 1134:– online map of the stars 1081:Stars and Planets for iOS 1006:Herald-Bobroff AstroAtlas 927:Stars & Planets Guide 888: 754:published the star atlas 213:planetary position tables 1416:10.3389/fspas.2018.00011 957:(stars to magnitude 7.5) 947:(stars to magnitude 7.5) 937:(stars to magnitude 6.0) 923:(stars to magnitude 6.5) 911:(Stars to magnitude 6.5) 901:(stars to magnitude 6.5) 567:, Arabic version of the 261:. In Renaissance times, 254:"to write") through the 1621:Astronomical catalogues 1298:Uranographia Britannica 1142:Kepler Explorer OpenLab 1128:, for Unix-like systems 717:, Germany, engraved by 603:Firmamentum Sobiescanum 564:Book of the Fixed Stars 179:concerned with mapping 69:"Celestial cartography" 1235:Warner, D. J. (1979). 1207:History of cartography 1091:GoSkyWatch Planetarium 277:" and the Italian is " 153: 145: 1631:Works about astronomy 1616:Celestial cartography 1013:Millennium Star Atlas 953:– James Mullaney and 943:– James Mullaney and 854:Franklin-Adams Charts 800:Prodromus Astronomiae 780:Harmonia Macrocosmica 669:Poeticon astronomicon 626:Bonner Durchmusterung 594:Prodromus Astronomiae 523:Poeticon Astronomicon 511:Aquarius according to 492:Aquarius according to 225:automated positioning 157:Celestial cartography 151: 135: 1175:Andrew Johnson mag 7 1160:The TriAtlas Project 905:Cambridge Star Atlas 803:(1690) – 1564 stars. 674:Gaius Julius Hyginus 383:improve this section 189:astronomical objects 54:improve this article 1515:from Ian Ridpath's 1407:2018FrASS...5...11V 1350:2007ess..book..887E 1309:1801: Bode. J. E., 1279:1690: Hevelius J., 1121:WorldWide Telescope 987:, second edition – 967:Deep Sky Reiseatlas 858:John Franklin-Adams 745:Tabulae Rudolphinae 680:Xin Yi Xiang Fa Yao 656:, who served Queen 610:Britannic Catalogue 335:spherical astronomy 215:, star tables, and 1580:Linda Hall Library 1567:Linda Hall Library 1561:2018-03-25 at the 1544:2007-09-13 at the 1475:2012-01-23 at the 436:. You can help by 304:. You can help by 273:", the French is " 154: 146: 136:Title page of the 1575:, Stellarmap.com. 1367:978-0-12-088589-3 895:Bright Star Atlas 831:Johann Elert Bode 795:Johannes Hevelius 785:Andreas Cellarius 767:' 11th volume of 599:Johannes Hevelius 581:Rudolphine Tables 532:Rudolphine Tables 519: 518: 506:Rudolphine Tables 454: 453: 419: 418: 411: 333:, the science of 322: 321: 267:celestial atlases 171:is the aspect of 130: 129: 122: 104: 1638: 1501: 1500: 1498: 1497: 1492:. Stellarmap.com 1490:"Stellarmap.com" 1486: 1480: 1467: 1461: 1456: 1450: 1449: 1447: 1446: 1441:. Ianridpath.com 1435: 1429: 1428: 1418: 1386: 1377: 1376: 1375: 1374: 1333: 1327: 1322:Burritt, E. H., 1320: 1314: 1307: 1301: 1290: 1284: 1277: 1271: 1270: 1262: 1256: 1255: 1247: 1241: 1240: 1232: 1024:Jay M. Pasachoff 961:Pocket Sky Atlas 864:The Falkau Atlas 837:Uranometria Nova 665: 477: 470: 463: 456: 455: 449: 446: 428: 421: 414: 407: 403: 400: 394: 363: 355: 317: 314: 296: 289: 250:"sky, heaven" + 243:"ουρανογραφια" ( 219:for use by both 209:space telescopes 193:celestial sphere 169:star cartography 125: 118: 114: 111: 105: 103: 62: 38: 30: 21:astrophotography 1646: 1645: 1641: 1640: 1639: 1637: 1636: 1635: 1606: 1605: 1563:Wayback Machine 1546:Wayback Machine 1509: 1504: 1495: 1493: 1488: 1487: 1483: 1477:Wayback Machine 1468: 1464: 1457: 1453: 1444: 1442: 1437: 1436: 1432: 1387: 1380: 1372: 1370: 1368: 1334: 1330: 1321: 1317: 1308: 1304: 1291: 1287: 1278: 1274: 1263: 1259: 1248: 1244: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1183: 1156: 1057: 985:SkyAtlas 2000.0 891: 870:Atlas Stellarum 849: 816:Atlas Coelestis 810: 777:) featured the 752:Julius Schiller 740:Johannes Kepler 672:, allegedly by 645: 640: 618:Atlas Coelestis 545: 512: 502: 493: 486: 450: 444: 441: 434:needs expansion 415: 404: 398: 395: 380: 364: 353: 347: 345:Star catalogues 328: 318: 312: 309: 302:needs expansion 287: 237: 142:Julius Schiller 126: 115: 109: 106: 63: 61: 51: 39: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1644: 1634: 1633: 1628: 1626:Constellations 1623: 1618: 1604: 1603: 1602: 1601: 1595: 1589: 1576: 1570: 1553: 1548: 1536: 1530: 1525: 1520: 1508: 1507:External links 1505: 1503: 1502: 1481: 1462: 1451: 1430: 1378: 1366: 1328: 1315: 1302: 1285: 1272: 1257: 1242: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1220: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1182: 1179: 1178: 1177: 1172: 1167: 1162: 1155: 1152: 1151: 1150: 1145: 1135: 1132:Stellarmap.com 1129: 1123: 1118: 1113: 1108: 1103: 1098: 1093: 1088: 1083: 1078: 1073: 1068: 1066:Cartes du Ciel 1063: 1056: 1053: 1052: 1051: 1043: 1037: 1031: 1017: 1009: 1003: 992: 982: 979:Antonín Bečvář 970: 964: 958: 948: 938: 924: 912: 902: 890: 887: 886: 885: 879: 873: 867: 861: 848: 845: 844: 843: 833: 823: 821:John Flamsteed 809: 806: 805: 804: 787: 765:Jan Janssonius 761: 748: 722: 719:Albrecht Dürer 711: 676: 661: 644: 641: 639: 636: 635: 634: 621: 614:John Flamsteed 606: 605:, 1,564 stars. 589: 588:, 1,005 stars. 576: 559: 558:, 1,028 stars. 544: 541: 517: 516: 509: 490: 479: 478: 471: 464: 452: 451: 431: 429: 417: 416: 367: 365: 358: 351:Star catalogue 349:Main article: 346: 343: 324:Main article: 320: 319: 299: 297: 286: 283: 259:"uranographia" 236: 233: 175:and branch of 128: 127: 42: 40: 33: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1643: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1613: 1611: 1599: 1596: 1593: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1583: 1581: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1543: 1540: 1537: 1534: 1531: 1529: 1526: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1514: 1511: 1510: 1491: 1485: 1478: 1474: 1471: 1466: 1460: 1455: 1440: 1434: 1426: 1422: 1417: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1385: 1383: 1369: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1332: 1325: 1319: 1312: 1306: 1299: 1295: 1289: 1282: 1276: 1268: 1261: 1253: 1246: 1238: 1231: 1227: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1184: 1176: 1173: 1171: 1168: 1166: 1163: 1161: 1158: 1157: 1149: 1146: 1143: 1139: 1136: 1133: 1130: 1127: 1124: 1122: 1119: 1117: 1116:SkyMap Online 1114: 1112: 1109: 1107: 1104: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1094: 1092: 1089: 1087: 1084: 1082: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1061:100,000 Stars 1059: 1058: 1049: 1048: 1044: 1041: 1038: 1035: 1032: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1018: 1015: 1014: 1010: 1007: 1004: 1001: 997: 993: 990: 986: 983: 980: 976: 975: 971: 968: 965: 962: 959: 956: 952: 949: 946: 942: 939: 936: 932: 928: 925: 922: 918: 917: 913: 910: 906: 903: 900: 896: 893: 892: 883: 880: 877: 874: 871: 868: 865: 862: 859: 855: 851: 850: 842: 838: 834: 832: 828: 824: 822: 818: 817: 812: 811: 802: 801: 796: 792: 788: 786: 782: 781: 776: 775: 770: 766: 762: 759: 758: 753: 749: 747: 746: 741: 737: 733: 729: 728: 723: 720: 716: 712: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 682:(新儀 象法要), by 681: 677: 675: 671: 670: 662: 659: 655: 651: 647: 646: 632: 628: 627: 622: 619: 615: 611: 607: 604: 600: 596: 595: 590: 587: 583: 582: 577: 574: 570: 566: 565: 560: 557: 553: 552: 547: 546: 540: 538: 534: 533: 528: 524: 515: 510: 508: 507: 500: 496: 491: 489: 484: 481: 480: 476: 469: 462: 457: 448: 439: 435: 432:This section 430: 427: 423: 422: 413: 410: 402: 392: 388: 384: 378: 377: 373: 368:This section 366: 362: 357: 356: 352: 342: 338: 336: 332: 327: 316: 307: 303: 300:This section 298: 295: 291: 290: 282: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 257: 253: 249: 246: 242: 232: 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 182: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 158: 150: 143: 139: 134: 124: 121: 113: 102: 99: 95: 92: 88: 85: 81: 78: 74: 71: –  70: 66: 65:Find sources: 59: 55: 49: 48: 43:This article 41: 37: 32: 31: 26: 22: 1516: 1494:. Retrieved 1484: 1465: 1454: 1443:. 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Julius Schiller

astronomy
cartography
stars
galaxies
astronomical objects
celestial sphere
quadrants
unaided eye
sextants
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planetary position tables
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