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published his
Firmamentum Sobiescianum star atlas posthumously in 1690. It contained 56 large, double page star maps and improved the accuracy in the position of the southern stars. He introduced 11 more constellations, including
147:
of stars. This is dated from 33,000 to 10,000 years ago. He also suggested a panel in the same caves depicting a charging bison, a man with a bird's head and the head of a bird on top of a piece of wood, together may depict the
668:
The
Handbook Of The SAS And Elite Forces. How The Professionals Fight And Win. Edited by Jon E. Lewis. p.373-Tactics And Techniques, Personal Skills And Techniques. Robinson Publishing Ltd 1997. ISBN 1-85487-675-9
190:, a 30 cm wide bronze disk dated to 1600 BC, bears gold symbols generally interpreted as a sun or full moon, a lunar crescent, several stars including the Pleiades cluster and possibly the Milky Way.
459:. The work of al-Sufi contained illustrations of the constellations and portrayed the brighter stars as dots. The original book did not survive, but a copy from about 1009 is preserved at the
552:
contained 48 maps of
Ptolemaic constellations, a plate of the southern constellations and two plates showing the entire northern and southern hemispheres in stereographic polar projection.
305:, the positions of the constellations slowly change over time. By comparing the positions of the 41 constellations against the grid circles, an accurate determination can be made of the
129:
tusk, drawn by early people from Asia who moved into Europe, that was discovered in
Germany in 1979. This artifact is 32,500 years old and has a carving that resembles the constellation
1110:
1052:
Bonnet-Bidaud; Jean-Marc; Praderie, Françoise; Whitfield, Susan (March 2009). "The
Dunhuang Chinese sky: A comprehensive study of the oldest known star atlas".
518:, expeditions to the southern hemisphere began to result in the addition of new constellations. These most likely came from the records of two Dutch sailors,
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40° south to 40° north in twelve panels, plus a thirteenth panel showing the northern circumpolar sky. A total of 1,345 stars are drawn, grouped into 257
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prepared a planisphere along with explanatory text. It was engraved in stone in 1247, and this chart still exists in the Wen Miao temple in
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596:, but the addition of holes punched in them allowed them to be held up to a light to see a depiction of the constellation's stars.
426:(New Design for the Armillary Clock) containing five maps of 1,464 stars. This has been dated to 1092. In 1193, the astronomer
482:. This may have served as a prototype for the oldest European printed star chart, a 1515 set of woodcut portraits produced by
110:
705:"Dr. Michael A. Rappenglueck sees maps of the night sky, and images of shamanistic ritual teeming with cosmological meaning"
86:, which is a listing or tabulation of astronomical objects for a particular purpose. Tools using a star chart include the
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German researcher Dr
Michael Rappenglueck, of the University of Munich, has suggested that drawing on the wall of the
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441:, the first star chart to be drawn accurately was most likely the illustrations produced by the Persian astronomer
1306:– Free monthly star charts and calendar for northern hemisphere, southern hemisphere, and equatorial sky watchers.
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in 1440 and consisted of a two-part map depicting the constellations of the northern celestial hemisphere and the
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when the original observations were performed. Based upon this information, the constellations were catalogued at
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771:
http://www.tifr.res.in/~archaeo/papers/Prehistoric%20astronomy/Oldest%20Supernova%20record%20in%20Kashmir.pdf
24:
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A variety of archaeological sites and artifacts found are thought to indicate ancient made star charts.
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615:
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1318:– Online map of the stars (requires compatible browser such as Chrome, Opera, Firefox, Safari or IE9).
920:"The epoch of the constellations on the Farnese Atlas and their origin in Hipparchus's lost catalogue"
20:
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in 1603. The latter was the first atlas to chart both celestial hemispheres and it introduced the
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1023:
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Sparavigna, Amelia (October 2008). "The
Pleiades: the celestial herd of ancient timekeepers".
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534:, who added 12 new southern constellations. Several other such maps were produced, including
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1283:– Free (CC-by-sa) printer friendly star charts for several latitudes and times of the year
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constellations, and includes grid circles that provide coordinate positions. Because of
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383:. This is a scroll 210 cm in length and 24.4 cm wide showing the sky between
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1312:– Free interactive star chart (showing over 1.2 million stars up to magnitude 12)
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in
Kashmir, which also depict a supernova for the first time in human history. The
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230:(476–221 BC), but the earliest preserved Chinese star catalogues of astronomers
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Another star chart panel, created more than 21,000 years ago, was found in the
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Swerdlow, N. M. (August 1986). "A Star
Catalogue Used by Johannes Bayer".
1134:. Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press US. pp. 60–61.
133:, although it could not be confirmed and could also be a pregnancy chart.
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in graphical representations. However, individual stars are not plotted.
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335:, dating from 50 BC. This is a bas relief sculpting on a ceiling at the
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1280:
965:
Evans, James (August 1999). "The
Material Culture of Greek Astronomy".
659:
Kunwar Krishan Rampal, Mapping and Compilation, Concept · 1993, page 96
466:
Perhaps the oldest European star map was a parchment manuscript titled
451:. This book was an update of parts VII.5 and VIII.1 of the 2nd century
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The measurement of starlight: two centuries of astronomical photometry
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391:. The date of this chart is uncertain, but is estimated as 705–10 AD.
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for identifying the brightest stars using the Greek alphabet. The
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164:(North of Spain), made in the same period as the Lascaux chart.
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laid out on a grid system. They are used to identify and locate
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The Chinese Sky During the Han: Constellating Stars and Society
862:
The Chinese Sky During the Han: Constellating Stars and Society
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example of a graphical representation of the night sky is the
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since time immemorial. Note that a star chart differs from an
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Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l'Univers
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on his shoulder. It is the oldest surviving depiction of the
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175:). The bovine in this panel may represent the constellation
835:. New York and London: W.W. Norton & Company. pp.
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The oldest accurately dated star chart appeared in ancient
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caves in France could be a graphical representation of the
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179:, with a pattern representing the Pleiades just above it.
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oldest Chinese graphical representation of the night sky
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264:, although this depiction shows the positions of the
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Timeline of astronomical maps, catalogs, and surveys
726:"BBC News - SCI/TECH - Ice Age star map discovered"
530:. Their compilations resulted in the 1601 globe of
355:The oldest surviving manuscript star chart was the
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1015:
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125:The oldest known star chart may be a carved ivory
19:Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see
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156:. Rappenglueck also discovered a drawing of the
1259:– Free interactive star chart based on location
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831:The Norton History of Astronomy and Cosmology
1292:Monthly sky maps for every location on Earth
1130:Harley, John Brian; Woodward, David (1987).
1054:Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage
268:by name and does not show individual stars.
1018:The Silk Road: trade, travel, war and faith
1244:The world's earliest manuscript Star Chart
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508:Firmamentum Sobiescianum sive Uranographia
214:in the late 2nd millennium BC, during the
34:A celestial map by the Dutch cartographer
1271:– Free Northern Sky Chart Cutout in Latin
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182:A star chart drawn 5000 years ago by the
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1105:Bonnet-Bidaud, Jean-Marc (2009-06-27).
1022:. Serindia Publications, Inc. pp.
526:, who in 1595 traveled together to the
317:of the 2nd-century BC Greek astronomer
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678:Whitehouse, David (January 21, 2003).
1239:An online guide to using a star chart
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826:
784:"Dating the Oldest Egyptian Star Map"
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584:produced a set of star charts called
222:1531–1155 BC). The oldest records of
1194:Journal for the History of Astronomy
967:Journal for the History of Astronomy
924:Journal for the History of Astronomy
418:(960–1279), the Chinese astronomer
313:. This evidence indicates that the
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588:. They are illustrations based on
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1265:– Free Northern Sky Chart Cutout.
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1084:10.3724/SP.J.1440-2807.2009.01.04
918:Schaefer, Bradley E. (May 2005).
808:10.1034/j.1600-0498.2000.420301.x
470:. It was most likely produced in
1405:Astronomical catalogues of stars
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1355:
1343:
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1014:; Sims-Williams, Ursula (2004).
889:Sun, X.; Kistemaker, J. (1997).
860:Sun, X.; Kistemaker, J. (1997).
606:88 modern constellations by area
363:(618–907) and discovered in the
238:are found in the 2nd-century BC
78:. They have been used for human
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1107:"The Oldest Extand Star Chart"
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206:were compiled by the ancient
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468:De Composicione Spere Solide
260:box from the 5th-century BC
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111:Museo Archeologico Nazionale
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680:"'Oldest star chart' found"
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25:Star chart (disambiguation)
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1214:10.1177/002182868601700304
1165:Cambridge University Press
1132:The History of cartography
987:10.1177/002182869903000305
944:10.1177/002182860503600202
616:Cheonsang Yeolchabunyajido
262:Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng
152:, which at the time was a
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1155:Hearnshaw, J. B. (1996).
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21:Star map (disambiguation)
782:von Spaeth, Ove (2000).
1400:Astronomical catalogues
973:(3): 237–307, 289–290.
520:Pieter Dirkszoon Keyser
445:in his 964 work titled
402:for Chinese astronomer
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400:south polar projection
337:Dendera Temple complex
266:Chinese constellations
208:Babylonian astronomers
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631:Magnitude (astronomy)
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228:Warring States period
160:constellation in the
154:circumpolar formation
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1287:An online star chart
827:North, John (1995).
524:Frederick de Houtman
514:During the European
422:wrote a book titled
275:is a 2nd-century AD
169:La Tête du Lion cave
84:astronomical catalog
56:astronomical objects
16:Map of the night sky
1304:The Evening Sky Map
1206:1986JHA....17..189S
1076:2009JAHH...12...39B
979:1999JHA....30..237E
936:2005JHA....36..167S
800:2000Cent...42..159V
448:Book of Fixed Stars
357:Dunhuang Star Chart
162:cave of El Castillo
1297:2007-09-13 at the
1277:– Free star charts
897:. pp. 18–19.
868:. pp. 21–22.
590:Alexander Jamieson
555:Polish astronomer
546:Bayer designations
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455:star catalogue by
424:Xin Yixiang Fa Yao
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398:Star chart of the
330:Ptolemaic Egyptian
200:Egyptian astronomy
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1281:Geody Star Charts
895:Koninklijke Brill
866:Koninklijke Brill
703:Lucentini, Jack.
594:A Celestial Atlas
557:Johannes Hevelius
528:Dutch East Indies
461:Oxford University
224:Chinese astronomy
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361:Tang dynasty
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284:Greek statue
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145:open cluster
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1374:Outer space
1362:Spaceflight
1251:Star charts
1167:. pp.
757:0810.1592v1
582:Sidney Hall
550:Uranometria
541:Uranometria
506:Hevelius –
428:Huang Shang
414:During the
365:Mogao Caves
341:planisphere
311:125 ± 55 BC
258:lacquerware
246:Western Han
212:Mesopotamia
92:planisphere
1390:Navigation
1384:Categories
1116:2009-09-30
813:2007-10-21
711:2009-09-29
689:2009-09-29
647:References
379:along the
339:. It is a
321:was used.
319:Hipparchus
303:precession
277:Roman copy
248:historian
118:Prehistory
80:navigation
44:star chart
1420:Star maps
1395:Map types
1338:Astronomy
1263:Sky Chart
1222:118829690
1067:0906.3034
995:120800329
788:Centaurus
621:Ephemeris
611:Astrology
488:Nuremberg
389:asterisms
381:Silk Road
326:Roman era
250:Sima Qian
194:Antiquity
88:astrolabe
52:night sky
1295:Archived
1092:55911862
952:15431718
735:13 April
600:See also
580:In 1824
480:ecliptic
453:Almagest
369:Dunhuang
351:Medieval
232:Shi Shen
142:Pleiades
113:, Naples
72:galaxies
1324:Portals
1202:Bibcode
1072:Bibcode
975:Bibcode
932:Bibcode
796:Bibcode
707:. space
566:Lacerta
492:Germany
476:Austria
457:Ptolemy
420:Su Song
404:Su Song
244:by the
184:Indians
138:Lascaux
127:Mammoth
109:at the
98:History
76:planets
68:nebulae
50:of the
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576:Modern
568:, and
562:Scutum
472:Vienna
432:Suzhou
345:zodiac
252:. The
236:Gan De
177:Taurus
74:, and
38:, 1670
1350:Stars
1218:S2CID
1088:S2CID
1062:arXiv
1024:81–86
991:S2CID
948:S2CID
837:30–31
752:arXiv
373:Gansu
307:epoch
291:Atlas
288:Titan
279:of a
256:is a
241:Shiji
131:Orion
64:stars
54:with
46:is a
1173:ISBN
1169:9–10
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1028:ISBN
928:36/2
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737:2018
522:and
510:1690
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684:BBC
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