1519:
782:
926:
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1057:
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635:
423:
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1527:
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288:
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934:
712:
1111:
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35:
454:
224:. There are some indications that a catastrophic fire occurred around the beginning of the 5th century. However, the remains of the encampment were not deserted, and a small settlement remained. The streets and houses of early medieval Vienna followed the former Roman walls, which gives rise to the conclusion that parts of the fortification were still in place and used by the settlers.
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bridge), the only Danube bridge at that time, and convinced the
Austrian commander that the war was already over. In the meantime, the French army easily entered the city and was greeted by the population with interest rather than rejection. Napoleon allowed 10,000 men of the Vienna national guard to
1558:. Hitler's anti-Jewish policies fell on fertile soil in Vienna, where latent anti-Semitism had increased during the early 20th century. Immediately after the Anschluss the Jews of Vienna were subject to violence from the State as well as from Antisemites acting out of their own sadism. During the
1574:. On the whole, and despite some instances of anti-Semitism, the city of Vienna was less supportive of the Nazi regime than was the rest of Austria. This however did not reach any extent of an organised resistance. Hitler himself hated Vienna and was determined to build up
1855:
Espionage in
Austria is legal if the country itself is not the target. The city has about 17,000 diplomats, many assigned to international organizations. Because of their presence and Austria's neutrality, Vienna became an important center for espionage, as depicted in
1730:". The Austrian Parliament immediately amended the treaty to establish Austria's future neutrality and non-alignment (similar to that of Switzerland). This peace treaty was called a state treaty because Austria had temporarily ceased to exist in 1938.
1694:
6. In 1946, it was decided that the expansion of city territory of 1938 should be reversed, but this law was delayed by a veto of the occupying powers and was not put into practice until 1954. Two districts remained with Vienna, namely the 22nd one
407:). This meant that all traders passing through Vienna had to offer their goods in the city. This allowed the Viennese to act as middlemen in trade, so that Vienna soon created a network of far-reaching trade relations, particularly along the
361:
near Vienna, brought an enormous ransom of 50,000 Silver Marks (about 10 to 12 tons of silver, about a third of the emperor's claims against the
English. Richard had been extradited to him in March 1193). This allowed the creation of a
754:
was created around Vienna, a broad strip without any buildings, which allowed defenders to fire freely. These fortifications, which accounted for the major part of building activities well into the 17th century, became decisive in the
1207:
During that period, the population of Vienna increased sharply, mostly because of immigration. Censuses were conducted regularly from 1869 onwards, which showed an all-time high of population in 1910, with 2,031,000 inhabitants.
1624:
were constructed in Vienna as defensive structures against these bombers. These structures remain in place today, as they are so thick and their foundations so deep that to destroy them would damage surrounding buildings.
522:
The combination of the heraldic eagle with the city coat of arms showing a white cross in a red field is found on a seal dated 1327. This heraldic emblem was in use throughout the 14th century in different variants.
1279:, bringing fresh water from the mountains to Vienna and the creation of a belt of meadows and forests around the city). However, these positive aspects were coupled with his raving and rhetorically well presented
1314:. The skyrocketing costs of the war, mostly financed by borrowing, resulted in tremendous inflation that—as in Germany—wiped out the savings of many middle-class Viennese. One interesting quirk is that the 1916
1800:
1663:
Only a few days after the war, a provisional city government and administration was created. Also, the political parties were recreated. On April 29, 1945, the parliament building passed from the
1874:; Chinese, Iranian, Israeli, Saudi, American, British, and other European spies and counterspies are also in the country. Because of the tolerance of espionage the country is excluded from the
473:
rule. In Vienna, it took a relatively long time for the
Habsburgs to establish their control, because partisans of Ottokar remained strong for a long time. There were several uprisings against
1620:
Although originally out of range of Allied bombers operating from
England, by 1943 the city began being attacked by bombers based in Italy. As in other major cities of Nazi Germany, large
631:
led to the execution of leading members of the opposition within the city, and thus a destruction of the political structures. From then on, the city stood under direct imperial control.
544:
There was a period of inheritance disputes among the
Habsburgs resulting not only in confusion, but also in an economic decline and social unrest, with disputes between the parties of
1496:
in 1933, he extended the ban to the Social
Democratic Party in 1934 after the February Uprising. The only legal political organization was the new movement of his own creation, the
1198:
were removed, and a straight course was created away from the city centre. The branch near the central city was made narrower and has been known under the somewhat misleading name
1781:
1007:
took place from
September 18, 1814 to June 9, 1815, in which the political map of Europe was redrawn. The congress members indulged in many social events, which induced the witty
1831:
1414:
However, the increasing economic difficulties resulted in a political radicalization and polarisation of the political parties. On the social democratic side, the left-wing
240:, indicating considerable trade activity. Graves from the 6th century were found during excavations next to the Berghof, in an area around Salvatorgasse. At that time, the
1384:
because of this; articles in the international press had doubts about the viability of Vienna as a major
European metropolis after the dissolution of Austria-Hungary.
1636:
troops in April 1945 caused much destruction within the city. However, some historic buildings survived the bombardment; many more were reconstructed after the war.
1840:
45:
1816:
307:
1015:("The congress dances, but does not progress"). The events cost Austria a great deal of money, which was reflected in mockery about the major participants:
735:
2419:
Pirker, Peter, Johannes Kramer, and
Mathias Lichtenwagner. "Transnational memory spaces in the making: World War II and holocaust remembrance in Vienna."
1518:
1421:(Republican Protective Alliance) was formed in 1923/24, which was a well-organised and well-equipped paramilitary group. It was opposed by the right-wing
2876:
358:
870:, the population began to grow steadily. It is estimated that 150,000 people lived in Vienna in 1724, and 200,000 in 1790. At that time, the first
561:
2367:
Wasserman, Janek. "The Austro-Marxist struggle for 'intellectual workers': the lost debate on the question of intellectuals in interwar Vienna."
56:
1106:
Under the rule of Emperor Franz Joseph I the city experienced rapid growth and an unprecedented flowering of culture, the arts and architecture
1302:(1914–1918) did not result in an immediate threat to Vienna, but it led to a lack of supplies because of the economic embargo imposed by the
1076:
1777:
792:
The following period was characterised by extensive building activities. In the course of reconstruction, Vienna was largely turned into a
1870:, as of July 2023 there are more than 180 accredited Russian diplomats in Vienna, and reportedly more than one third are spies using
988:
arrived in Vienna from Frankfurt and sets up a bank named "Mayer von Rothschild und Söhne". The Emperor of Austria in 1823, made the five
685:
Panoramic view of Vienna after the city walls were reconstructed in 1548. In the middle is St Stephen's Cathedral, behind the medieval
1581:
In the course of the expansion of the city in 1938, 91 adjoining municipalities were incorporated into the city, from which the 22nd (
1522:
After the annexation by Germany, many Viennese Jews were forced to clean the sidewalks by the Nazis, with the support of many Viennese
2122:
767:. This was the turning point in the Turkish Wars, as the Ottoman Empire was pushed back more and more during the following decades.
2485:
499:
became the imperial residence and Vienna stood in its shadow. The early Habsburgs attempted to extend it in order to keep up. Duke
1352:
leaflets, written in Italian and German, asking the people of Vienna the end of the alliance between Austria-Hungary and Prussia.
886:
problems began to become noticeable: sewers and street cleaning began to develop. Also in this time, the first house numbers (the
3126:
2742:
759:
of 1683, as they allowed the city to maintain itself for two months, until the Turkish army was defeated by the army led by the
602:), as Frederick proved unable to maintain peace in the land vis-Ă -vis rampaging gangs of mercenaries (often remaining from the
17:
2264:
541:
in the Stephansdom. The latter is connected to the creation of a metropolitan chapter, as a symbolic substitute for a bishop.
2033:
1671:
announced the reinstitution of the democratic Republic of Austria. Vienna was divided into five occupation zones between the
734:
and an early winter forced the Turks to retreat. The siege had shown that new fortifications were needed. Following plans by
2198:
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences
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2717:
1567:
1433:
1322:
993:
1318:
was never officially repealed; even today there are buildings where the 1916 rent—by now essentially meaningless—applies.
1114:
Old, small houses (in the foreground) that were destroyed and replaced during the big expansion under Emperor Franz Joseph
964:
However, the second occupation happened only after heavy fire. Shortly after, Napoleon suffered his first large defeat at
2697:
1614:
1566:, the Jewish centres of not only religious, but also social life, were destroyed. In August, the KZ Oberlanzendorf Wien (
2353:
Uhl, Heidemarie. "Museums as Engines of Identity: 'Vienna around 1900' and Exhibitionary Cultures in Vienna—A Comment."
1953:
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Karl Lind, Mittheilungen der kaiserl. königl. Central-Commission zur Erforschung und Erhaltung der Baudenkmale 11, 1866.
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1601:) districts were created. With an area of 1,224 km, this made Vienna the city with the largest territory in the
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591:
512:
315:
74:
380:, some remains of the city walls can still be seen today. Because he had abused a protected crusader, Leopold V was
1867:
1682:
The first municipal elections were held in November 1945. Of the 100 seats in the municipal council, the left-wing
1025:
557:
350:
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1749:
1008:
682:
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Music, criticism, and the challenge of history: Shaping modern musical thought in late nineteenth century Vienna
1776:
on the left and right sides of the Danube. Furthermore, a complex of skyscrapers was planned at the site of the
907:
was created (More information about the Magistrate of the City of Vienna specifically can be found in German at
901:, the city administration was modernized in 1783: officials in charge of only the city were introduced, and the
665:
were brought to town and soon gained a large influence in court. The leader of the Counter-Reformation here was
2976:
2692:
1049:
1037:
1830:
not gaining enough votes, only four parties have been represented in the municipal council since then. In the
945:, Vienna was taken by the French twice, in 1805 and 1809. The first conquest happened without a battle. Three
2886:
2707:
1080:
898:
568:
1043:
730:), although unsuccessfully. The city, protected by medieval walls, only barely withstood the attacks, until
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2783:
2605:
2478:
1425:("Home Guard"), which had been formed after the end of the war from local guards and similar combat units.
805:
553:
474:
1094:
population of these cities stands out for one of the first ones to develop a strictly Aromanian identity.
992:
brothers barons. The Rothschild family became famous as bankers in the major countries of Europe, and the
878:. Leopoldstadt also became a site where many Jews lived, as they had been driven out of their 50-year-old
2910:
2665:
1737:, there was an enormous economic boom, among other things because of the economic aid resulting from the
1719:
1493:
909:
2003:
3121:
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2620:
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was frequently considered. It was finally put into practice during the 1860s. The many branches of the
981:
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conquered the city and Vienna became the king's seat that served as the capital of Hungary until 1490.
433:
However, it was considered embarrassing that Vienna did not have its own bishop. It is known that Duke
1452:
The Justizpalast fire (here an image from 1881 prior to the fire) led to the end of the First Republic
2768:
2727:
2687:
1167:
823:
376:
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980:. This second battle resulted in a victory for the French, and Austria soon surrendered, ending the
2712:
2635:
2050:
1773:
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deserves credit for his prudent economic policy, which raised the level of prosperity. His epithet
322:
for the first time, which indicates the existence of a well-ordered settlement. In 1155, Margrave
168:
2097:
49:
that states a Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
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Political Radicalism in Late Imperial Vienna: Origins of the Christian Social Movement, 1848-1897
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show where the encampment placed its walls and moats. The Romans stayed until the 5th century.
2023:
1403:, who had dominated since the end of the war, were now in charge of the city administration. "
2952:
2820:
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Karnes, Kevin C. "Wagner, Klimt, and the Metaphysics of Creativity in fin-de-siècle Vienna."
1727:
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was rapturously received in Vienna by large crowds of admirers and famously gave a speech at
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1377:
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466:
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Jovanović, Miloš. "Whitewashed empire: Historical narrative and place marketing in Vienna."
1752:
treaty was signed in Vienna. During the 1970s, Vienna became the third official seat of the
1348:. He flew undisturbed for over 1,200 km in a roundtrip to Vienna to drop about 400,000
1086:
During the 19th century, Vienna, along with Budapest, became one of the main centers of the
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2815:
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On May 15, 1955, the country regained its political independence and sovereignty with the "
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boulevard was built in their place. Many monumental buildings were built alongside it. The
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52:
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A kingdom not of this world: Wagner, the arts, and utopian visions in fin-de-siècle Vienna
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houses UN agencies, making Vienna after New York and Geneva the third most important seat
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of the country, and finally the dissolution of parliament in 1933, marked the way to the
1130:
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The "Lion of Aspern" is a monument to the fallen Austrian soldiers of the Napoleonic Wars
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remain armed and left the arsenal to them when he left, as complete as he had found it.
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2008:
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839:
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Vienna and the Fall of the Habsburg Empire: Total War and Everyday Life in World War I
2196:
Buklijas, Tatjana. "Surgery and national identity in late nineteenth-century Vienna."
1582:
1399:. However, it remained the nominal capital of Lower Austria until 1986. The left-wing
1360:
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2228:(2013) compares Vienna to 20 major world cities on the eve of World War I; pp 87–109.
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1978:
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The Vienna School of Art History: Empire and the Politics of Scholarship, 1847-1918
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Eventually, in 1469, Vienna was given its own bishop, and the Stephansdom became a
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227:
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The garden and the workshop: essays on the cultural history of Vienna and Budapest
1780:
railway station, which might have endangered the position of Vienna's centre as a
1628:
The U.S. bombings of 1944 and 1945 and the vicious fighting during the subsequent
220:
was located in the outskirts of the empire and thus fell prey to the chaos of the
3025:
2615:
2600:
2458:
1804:
1679:, France, and with the first district (city centre) being patrolled by all four.
1396:
1369:
1183:
In 1861, the Liberals won the first (relatively) free elections after the end of
1166:) characterises the architecture of Vienna to this day. The period peaked in the
942:
666:
627:
485:
422:
381:
264:
137:
133:
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Wistrich, Robert S. "Karl Lueger and the Ambiguities of Viennese Antisemitism."
2120:
2022:
Ben-Gavriêl, Moshe Yaacov; Ben-Gavrîʾēl, Moše Yaʿaqov; Wallas, Armin A. (1999).
1812:
1769:
1448:
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Karl-Marx-Hof is one of the best-known municipal tenement complexes of the 1920s
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2184:
Culture and Political Crisis in Vienna: Christian Socialism in Power, 1897-1918
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1571:
1303:
860:
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of the Holy Roman Empire. Albert's name is remembered for his expulsion of the
191:
1822:
In the municipal elections of 2001, the Social Democrats regained an absolute
1502:
1176:
457:
Duke Rudolf IV of Austria, known as "the Founder", did much to expand the city
186:, suggesting that the region must have been inhabited before Roman times. The
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1745:
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1704:
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Duke Henry II of the Babenberg dynasty elevated Vienna to his capital in 1155
156:
1154:
91:
Old coat of arms of Vienna (1465–1925) with the imperial double-headed eagle
2568:
2531:
2098:""It's really the Wild West": Vienna's spying problem spins out of control"
1672:
1633:
1547:
1539:
1526:
1380:. The population was concentrated in the capital, which was often called a
1315:
1253:
1149:
875:
603:
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Vienna was an important site of trade as early as the 11th century. In the
276:
237:
210:
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107:
103:
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Vienna A Doctor’s Guide: 15 walking tours through Vienna’s medical history
1144:
810:
388:, and died (without having been absolved) after falling from a horse in a
236:
from the 6th century have been found several times in the area of today's
1765:
1748:
network, the first part of which was opened in 1978. In 1979, the second
1668:
1602:
1551:
1408:
1345:
1299:
1268:
1261:
1257:
1220:
1216:
1118:
871:
508:
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141:
140:, it temporarily became one of Europe's biggest cities. Since the end of
1256:
was divided in 1900, with the northern part becoming the 20th district (
87:
2379:
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A Sound Tradition: A Short History of the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra
2210:
Vienna in the age of uncertainty: science, liberalism, and private life
1744:
Public transport in Vienna was improved by the introduction of the new
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made Vienna his capital. In 1156, Austria was raised to a duchy in the
206:
1866:
the city allegedly had more spies than Austrian soldiers. Despite the
1850:
Panoramic view of Vienna towards the east, seen from "Himmel" (Heaven)
1590:
1291:
1060:
Panorama from Leopoldsberge with topographic indications (around 1830)
2927:
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1715:
1586:
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thus became the 2nd to 9th districts, with the old city becoming the
1138:
The city was expanded in 1850, mostly to include the area within the
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914:
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587:
354:
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The Operetta Empire: Music Theater in Early Twentieth-Century Vienna
1110:
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2121:
Rabl, Sarah; Rollwagen, Joseph D.; Stadlober, Hannah (2010-09-01).
1863:
1823:
1757:
1578:, his childhood hometown, and relegate Vienna to backwater status.
1531:
1422:
1271:
was the leading figure of city politics. Neither his dedication to
863:
815:
739:
731:
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241:
125:
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to be an important trading site in the 11th century. It became the
1815:. As Vienna was not a geographical part of Lower Austria it was a
1513:
1068:, with Vienna being the center of the railway network after 1837.
957:
818:
began to cover the surrounding land with garden palaces, known as
429:
with Vienna in the background (Babenberger family tree, 1489-1492)
287:
2536:
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1761:
1700:
1594:
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can be denied, nor other works for the municipality (such as the
1236:
949:
883:
793:
743:
662:
647:
643:
549:
438:
272:
145:
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275:. However, it is unclear whether this refers to the city or the
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1244:
were incorporated into the town as the districts 11 to 19 (the
1195:
969:
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879:
760:
751:
580:
496:
412:
408:
230:
202:
129:
98:
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1411:(low-cost residential estates) were built during that period.
1400:
1330:
1075:
of 1848 had an effect as far away as Vienna: on March 13, the
937:
The Congress of Vienna restored peace in Europe after Napoleon
2519:
2021:
1613:
During the war, the city housed 12 sub-camps of the infamous
1555:
1152:. In 1858, the fortifications were demolished, and the broad
1064:
The first half of the century was characterised by intensive
537:
in 1365, and second, he began the construction of the gothic
245:
233:
132:
cultural hubs. During the 19th century as the capital of the
1464:) in 1927 after violent demonstrations, the collapse of the
465:
took control over the Austrian lands after his victory over
453:
106:
created a military camp in the area now covered by Vienna's
2348:
Becoming Austrians: Jews and Culture between the World Wars
1710:
1575:
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1307:
968:, nearby. Less than two months later, his army crossed the
891:
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538:
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331:
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personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
2306:
The Jews of Nazi Vienna, 1938-1945: Rescue and Destruction
2015:
1954:"Aromanians in Greece: Minority or Vlach-speaking Greeks?"
1329:
in Russia in November 1917 inspired the youth wing of the
1834:, the Social Democrats further increased their majority.
1097:
2334:
The Jews of Vienna, 1867-1914: Assimilation and Identity
1333:
to organise meetings in November 1917 opposing the war.
415:, and to become one of the most important cities in the
2421:
International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society
1542:
occupied and annexed Austria in a process known as the
1395:
of its own, with the mayor now equivalent in rank to a
1234:
In 1890, the city was expanded for a second time: the (
1534:
belonged to the aerial defense system during Nazi rule
1407:" was considered an international model. Many notable
1134:
Ball at Vienna city hall with mayor Karl Lueger (1904)
638:
Panorama of Vienna from the south, 1558 (reproduction)
594:, Vienna remained on the side of his opponents (first
488:
wrote the "FĂĽrstenbuch", a first history of the city.
2048:
1000:
bank in Vienna was confiscated by the Nazis in 1938.
564:, an exponent of the patrician party, was executed.
515:
published his edict allowing the city to maintain an
1376:, or German-Austria, was proclaimed in front of the
259:
The first documented mention of the city during the
2065:
Hitler's Austria. Popular Sentiment in the Nazi Era
1506:and ruled without parliamentary approval (also see
1484:and foreign minister since 1932, had forbidden the
151:
1961:JahrbĂĽcher fĂĽr Geschichte und Kultur SĂĽdosteuropas
252:following later. Early Vienna was centred on the
2292:Vienna 1683: Christian Europe Repels the Ottomans
2226:1913: In Search of the World Before the Great War
2170:Vienna and the Jews 1867-1938: A Cultural History
1703:) in the south (some other districts gained some
1500:. DollfuĂź created an authoritarian regime called
650:having been added to the Habsburg realm in 1526.
110:. Vienna grew from the Roman settlement known as
3113:
2386:Theatre in Vienna: A Critical History, 1776-1995
2091:
2089:
1248:had been created in 1874 by the division of the
1013:Le congres danse beaucoup, mais il ne marche pas
1514:Annexation by Nazi Germany and Second World War
1387:In 1921, Vienna was separated from surrounding
303:family. Vienna lay at its border with Hungary.
205:. The settlement was raised to the status of a
330:, with Vienna becoming the seat of all future
2479:
2261:Journal of the American Musicological Society
2086:
1760:was built. At the end of the 20th century, a
1344:, was carried out on August 9, 1918, with 11
808:. Most construction happened in the suburbs (
590:. During the upheavals of the era of Emperor
102:has been long and varied, beginning when the
2392:
2240:Hitler's Vienna: A Dictator's Apprenticeship
1227:(after which the characteristic building on
742:in 1548. The city was furnished with eleven
533:is due to two things: first, he founded the
197:) during the 1st century on the site of the
2400:Belle Necropolis: Ghosts of Imperial Vienna
2336:(State University of New York Press, 1984).
1554:in which he welcomed his homeland into the
1340:propaganda flight, an air raid inspired by
1331:Social Democratic Workers' Party of Austria
1295:Italian leaflets dropped on Vienna in 1918.
1211:Around 1900, Vienna became a centre of the
2486:
2472:
2341:Fin-de-siècle Vienna: politics and culture
2233:Karl Lueger: Mayor of Fin de Siècle Vienna
2114:
1817:capital outside of the territory it served
1790:Vienna was the capital of the surrounding
1428:In May 1923, in the presence of President
785:View of Vienna during the Baroque era, by
2177:Priest and Parish in Vienna, 1780 to 1880
1787:. The project has since been redesigned.
395:In 1221, Vienna received the rights of a
124:dynasty and subsequently of the Austrian
75:Learn how and when to remove this message
1714:
1711:Modern history since independence (1955)
1699:) north of the Danube and the 23rd one (
1654:
1617:, located in various parts of the city.
1525:
1517:
1447:
1372:. On November 12, 1918, the Republic of
1359:
1306:powers, which resulted in a shortage of
1290:
1264:became part of Vienna as 21st district.
1223:and the association of artists known as
1129:
1117:
1109:
1101:
1055:
932:
924:
846:). In 1704, an outer fortification, the
780:
710:
633:
452:
441:in Vienna, and the same is suspected of
421:
286:
167:
160:Overview of the Roman legion settlement
155:
86:
1368:The end of the war was also the end of
1079:, which forced long-serving chancellor
642:In 1556, Vienna became the seat of the
209:in 212. Even today, the streets of the
14:
3114:
2156:Timeline of Vienna § Bibliography
1811:) until 1986, when it was replaced by
1639:
1098:Expansion under Emperor Franz Joseph I
2467:
2299:A Nervous Splendour: Vienna 1888-1889
2095:
2028:. Böhlau Verlag Wien. pp. 473–.
1355:
715:Siege of Vienna in 1683, painting by
190:created a military camp (occupied by
144:, Vienna has been the capital of the
2493:
2235:(Wayne State University Press, 1990)
1951:
1768:was created with, among others, the
1667:to the new Austrian government, and
1659:Zones of Allied occupation in Vienna
1644:
1568:Central Office for Jewish Emigration
1434:First World Congress of Jewish Women
1323:1918 Austro-Hungarian January Strike
994:Rothschild banking family of Austria
976:on the same terrain as the previous
722:In 1529, Vienna was besieged by the
653:During this time, the city was also
519:(iron book) listing its privileges.
349:was discovered and captured by Duke
28:
2350:(Oxford UP, 2012), focus on Vienna.
2325:Regal, Wolfgang and Michael Nanut.
1615:Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp
1003:After Napoleon's final defeat, the
481:was foremost among the insurgents.
437:negotiated about the creation of a
24:
2738:Western European broadleaf forests
2388:(Cambridge University Press, 1996)
2249:(Princeton University Press, 2014)
2149:
890:) were issued, and the government
802:Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach
25:
3138:
2430:
2285:Vienna in the Age of Franz Joseph
1971:
1283:, which enjoyed popular support.
706:
583:population of Vienna in 1421/22.
552:. While the patricians supported
282:
2435:
2290:Millar, Simon and Peter Dennis.
2049:Christine O'Keefe (2007-02-02).
1868:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
1839:
1733:After the war, as everywhere in
1443:
1321:These food shortages led to the
674:
448:
152:Beginnings and early Middle Ages
33:
2364:(Amalthea Signum Verlag, 2017).
2217:Historical Dictionary of Vienna
2070:
2067:. UNC Press, Chapel Hill, 2000.
1750:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
1608:
1190:After the great flood of 1830,
1009:Charles Joseph, Prince de Ligne
920:
776:
622:Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
267:, dating to 881, when a battle
164:in the center of today's Vienna
3127:Holocaust locations in Austria
2693:Alps conifer and mixed forests
2455:operated by the city of Vienna
2165:(U of California Press, 2021).
2057:
2042:
1997:
1945:
1932:
1919:
1910:
1286:
952:crossed the strongly defended
689:complex. Right next to it the
669:, Bishop of Vienna from 1600.
128:, under whom it became one of
13:
1:
2360:Wagner-Trenkwitz, Christoph.
1903:
1325:which started in Vienna. The
1277:Wiener Hochquellwasserleitung
996:remained prominent until the
917:within the city were closed.
661:rather quickly. In 1551, the
575:Albert II, Vienna became the
479:Paltrams vom Stephansfreithof
370:around the year 1200. At the
172:Roman ruins at Michaelerplatz
2459:The History of Jewish Vienna
2287:(U of Oklahoma Press, 1968).
1686:captured 58, the right-wing
1570:) was created. Its head was
1026:Frederick William of Prussia
806:Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt
609:In 1485, the Hungarian King
7:
2666:Military history of Austria
2656:Allied-administered Austria
2369:Modern Intellectual History
2212:(U of Chicago Press, 2008).
2193:(U of Chicago Press, 1981).
2186:(U of Chicago Press, 1995).
1927:Who's who in Jewish History
1881:
1720:Vienna International Centre
1204:(Danube Canal) ever since.
910:de:Magistrat der Stadt Wien
738:, Vienna was expanded to a
567:After the election of Duke
341:The events surrounding the
318:, Vienna is mentioned as a
10:
3143:
2313:Vienna: A Cultural History
2304:Offenberger, Ilana Fritz.
2153:
1648:
1327:Bolshevik seizure of power
1073:French February Revolution
1050:Emperor Francis of Austria
982:War of the Fifth Coalition
913:.). At the same time, the
769:
244:controlled the area, with
3073:
2991:
2918:
2909:
2852:
2843:
2764:
2755:
2683:
2674:
2505:
2449:Geschichtewiki.wien.gv.at
2393:Historiography and Memory
2355:Austrian History Yearbook
2322:(Penn State Press, 2013).
2096:Jones, Sam (2023-07-13).
2078:The Setting of the Pearl.
1675:, the United States, the
1562:on November 9, 1938, the
1240:) suburbs beyond the old
894:system began to develop.
822:. The best known are the
796:city. The most important
556:, the artisans supported
297:Margraviate of Ostarrîchi
2688:Administrative divisions
2636:Federal State of Austria
2414:History and Anthropology
2378:45.3/4 (1983): 251-262.
2219:(Scarecrow Press, 1999).
2025:TagebĂĽcher 1915 bis 1927
1476:in February 1934. After
1192:Regulation of the Danube
1168:World Exhibition of 1873
1044:Frederick of WĂĽrttemberg
986:Salomon Mayer Rothschild
874:were built, starting in
726:for the first time (the
366:and the construction of
334:. During that time, the
2723:Pannonian mixed forests
2626:First Austrian Republic
2081:Oxford University Press
1940:The House of Rothschild
1688:Austrian People's Party
1684:Social Democratic Party
1651:Allied-occupied Austria
1436:was inaugurated at the
852:, was built around the
503:, for example, had the
469:and began to establish
271:was fought against the
2596:Siege of Vienna (1529)
2576:Margraviate of Austria
2423:32.4 (2019): 439-458.
2407:Rethinking Vienna 1900
2402:(2014), art and memory
2301:(Little, Brown, 1979).
2263:62.3 (2009): 647-697.
2200:38.4 (2007): 756-774.
1808:
1764:consisting of several
1723:
1660:
1535:
1530:The flak tower in the
1523:
1453:
1365:
1296:
1172:the stock market crash
1135:
1127:
1126:with Parliament (1900)
1115:
1107:
1061:
938:
930:
844:Prince Eugene of Savoy
842:(the garden palais of
789:
772:Ottoman wars in Europe
719:
639:
513:Frederick the Handsome
458:
430:
351:Leopold V the Virtuous
292:
173:
165:
92:
55:by rewriting it in an
18:Coat of arms of Vienna
2444:at Wikimedia Commons
2416:30.4 (2019): 460-476.
2376:Jewish Social Studies
2063:See Evan Burr Bukey,
2051:"Concentration Camps"
2004:VIENNA AFTER THE WAR.
1728:Austrian State Treaty
1718:
1658:
1529:
1521:
1482:Chancellor of Austria
1451:
1363:
1294:
1170:, immediately before
1133:
1121:
1113:
1105:
1059:
1038:Maximilian of Bavaria
972:again and fought the
936:
928:
784:
714:
693:and to the far right
637:
615:Black Army of Hungary
560:. In 1408, the mayor
467:Ottokar II of Bohemia
456:
425:
347:Richard the Lionheart
290:
171:
159:
90:
2743:World Heritage Sites
2586:Archduchy of Austria
2371:9.2 (2012): 361-388.
2175:Bowman, William D.
2161:Baranello, Micaela.
1952:Kahl, Thede (2003).
1498:Vaterländische Front
1267:During those years,
1219:), most of all with
1180:("foundation era").
1122:The newly completed
1032:Frederick of Denmark
888:Konskriptionsnummern
859:After the extensive
836:Palais Schwarzenberg
824:Palais Liechtenstein
757:Second Turkish Siege
746:and surrounded by a
657:after having become
535:University of Vienna
527:Rudolf IV of Austria
477:. The family of the
345:, during which King
2977:freedom of religion
2564:Ostrogothic Kingdom
2453:Vienna History Wiki
2332:Rozenblit, Marsha.
2311:Parsons, Nicholas.
2012:, December 29, 1918
1979:"Jännerstreik-1918"
1898:Districts of Vienna
1785:World Heritage Site
1640:The Second Republic
1560:Reichskristallnacht
1342:Gabriele d'Annunzio
1020:Alexander of Russia
728:First Turkish Siege
324:Henry II of Austria
308:Exchange of Mautern
146:Republic of Austria
2887:Telecommunications
2631:Austrian Civil War
2611:Congress of Vienna
2606:March Constitution
2525:Kingdom of Noricum
2398:Arens, Katherine.
2357:46 (2015): 97-105.
2339:Schorske, Carl E.
2318:Rampley, Matthew.
2297:Morton, Frederik.
2280:(Oxford UP, 2013).
2273:(Oxford UP, 2008).
2238:Hamann, Brigette.
2231:Geehr, Richard S.
2224:Emerson, Charles.
2172:(Cambridge, 1989).
2133:on 27 October 2014
2009:The New York Times
1983:www.dasrotewien.at
1893:History of Austria
1888:Timeline of Vienna
1724:
1661:
1630:conquest of Vienna
1536:
1524:
1454:
1374:Deutsch-Ă–sterreich
1366:
1356:The First Republic
1338:Flight over Vienna
1297:
1174:, which ended the
1136:
1128:
1116:
1108:
1088:Aromanian diaspora
1062:
1005:Congress of Vienna
939:
931:
790:
736:Sebastian Schrantz
720:
640:
626:Blood Judgment of
459:
431:
386:Pope Celestine III
293:
174:
166:
93:
57:encyclopedic style
44:is written like a
3122:History of Vienna
3109:
3108:
3069:
3068:
2905:
2904:
2839:
2838:
2831:Political parties
2784:Foreign relations
2751:
2750:
2661:History of Vienna
2591:Habsburg monarchy
2515:Hallstatt culture
2442:History of Vienna
2440:Media related to
2346:Silverman, Lisa.
2308:(Springer, 2017).
2242:(Oxford P, 1999).
2208:Coen, Deborah R.
2127:The Vienna Review
2076:See Thomas Weyr,
2035:978-3-205-99137-3
1645:Allied occupation
1478:Engelbert DollfuĂź
1462:Palace of Justice
1066:industrialization
1011:to famously say:
832:Schönbrunn Palace
787:Bernardo Bellotto
765:John III Sobieski
611:Matthias Corvinus
600:Matthias Corvinus
417:Holy Roman Empire
328:Privilegium Minus
299:was given to the
85:
84:
77:
16:(Redirected from
3134:
3089:
3082:
2916:
2915:
2850:
2849:
2762:
2761:
2681:
2680:
2581:Duchy of Austria
2488:
2481:
2474:
2465:
2464:
2439:
2405:Beller, Steven.
2252:Healy, Maureen.
2215:Csendes, Peter.
2168:Beller, Steven.
2143:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2129:. Archived from
2118:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2108:
2093:
2084:
2074:
2068:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2019:
2013:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1958:
1949:
1943:
1938:Niall Ferguson,
1936:
1930:
1929:(2001) pp 305-14
1923:
1917:
1914:
1872:diplomatic cover
1843:
1809:Niederösterreich
1803:
1774:Millennium Tower
1665:occupation force
1597:) and the 26th (
1456:The fire of the
1430:Michael Hainisch
1416:Republikanische
1401:Social Democrats
1225:Vienna Secession
1077:March Revolution
1040:: drinks for all
1034:: speaks for all
1028:: thinks for all
978:Battle of Aspern
974:Battle of Wagram
678:
511:built. In 1327,
353:two days before
312:Bishop of Passau
222:Migration Period
80:
73:
69:
66:
60:
37:
36:
29:
21:
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3111:
3110:
3105:
3092:
3085:
3078:
3065:
3056:Public holidays
3051:National anthem
2987:
2928:Austrian people
2901:
2835:
2747:
2670:
2616:Austria-Hungary
2601:Austrian Empire
2554:Germanic tribes
2501:
2492:
2433:
2395:
2276:Karnes, Kevin.
2269:Karnes, Kevin.
2182:Boyer, John W.
2158:
2152:
2150:Further reading
2147:
2146:
2136:
2134:
2119:
2115:
2106:
2104:
2102:Financial Times
2094:
2087:
2075:
2071:
2062:
2058:
2047:
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2016:
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1998:
1988:
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1977:
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1956:
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1937:
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1920:
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1851:
1849:
1844:
1799:
1770:Andromeda Tower
1713:
1653:
1647:
1642:
1611:
1583:GroĂź-Enzersdorf
1516:
1490:Communist Party
1480:, who had been
1446:
1370:Austria-Hungary
1358:
1289:
1100:
1022:: loves for all
943:Napoleonic Wars
923:
779:
774:
709:
704:
703:
702:
691:Minoritenkirche
684:
679:
667:Melchior Khlesl
628:Wiener Neustadt
620:In 1522, under
554:Ernest the Iron
486:Jans der Enikel
451:
443:Ottokar Přemysl
285:
265:Salzburg Annals
201:of present-day
184:Celtic language
182:derives from a
154:
138:Austria-Hungary
134:Austrian Empire
81:
70:
64:
61:
53:help improve it
50:
38:
34:
23:
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2771:
2769:Climate change
2765:
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2628:
2623:
2621:German Austria
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2608:
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2476:
2468:
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2432:
2431:External links
2429:
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2294:(Osprey, 2008)
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2245:Hanák, Péter.
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1832:2005 elections
1754:United Nations
1735:Western Europe
1712:
1709:
1705:Lower Austrian
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1610:
1607:
1599:Klosterneuburg
1572:Adolf Eichmann
1538:In March 1938
1515:
1512:
1468:, the largest
1445:
1442:
1409:Gemeindebauten
1397:state governor
1357:
1354:
1288:
1285:
1099:
1096:
1054:
1053:
1052:: pays for all
1047:
1046:: eats for all
1041:
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1029:
1023:
922:
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897:Under Emperor
778:
775:
708:
707:Turkish sieges
705:
681:
680:
673:
672:
671:
655:recatholicised
562:Konrad Vorlauf
450:
447:
382:excommunicated
284:
283:Babenberg rule
281:
263:is within the
211:First District
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2948:Ethnic groups
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2641:Austrofascism
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2560:
2557:
2556:
2555:
2552:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2530:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2489:
2484:
2482:
2477:
2475:
2470:
2469:
2466:
2460:
2457:
2454:
2450:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2438:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2415:
2411:
2408:
2404:
2401:
2397:
2396:
2387:
2384:Yales, W. E.
2383:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2352:
2349:
2345:
2342:
2338:
2335:
2331:
2328:
2324:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2310:
2307:
2303:
2300:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2282:
2279:
2275:
2272:
2268:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2255:
2251:
2248:
2244:
2241:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2227:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2192:
2189:Boyer, John.
2188:
2185:
2181:
2178:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2117:
2103:
2099:
2092:
2090:
2082:
2079:
2073:
2066:
2060:
2052:
2045:
2037:
2031:
2027:
2026:
2018:
2011:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1984:
1980:
1974:
1966:
1962:
1955:
1948:
1942:(2 vol. 1998)
1941:
1935:
1928:
1922:
1913:
1909:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1879:
1877:
1876:Club de Berne
1873:
1869:
1865:
1862:; during the
1861:
1860:
1859:The Third Man
1848:
1842:
1835:
1833:
1829:
1828:Liberal Forum
1825:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1797:
1796:Lower Austria
1793:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1742:
1740:
1739:Marshall Plan
1736:
1731:
1729:
1721:
1717:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1680:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1657:
1652:
1637:
1635:
1631:
1626:
1623:
1618:
1616:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1593:), the 25th (
1592:
1589:), the 24th (
1588:
1585:), the 23rd (
1584:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1533:
1528:
1520:
1511:
1509:
1508:Austrofascism
1505:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1466:Creditanstalt
1463:
1459:
1450:
1444:Austrofascism
1441:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1391:and became a
1390:
1389:Lower Austria
1385:
1383:
1382:hydrocephalus
1379:
1375:
1371:
1362:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1293:
1284:
1282:
1281:anti-Semitism
1278:
1274:
1273:social policy
1270:
1265:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1246:10th district
1243:
1239:
1238:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1193:
1188:
1186:
1185:neoabsolutism
1181:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1141:
1132:
1125:
1120:
1112:
1104:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1067:
1058:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1001:
999:
998:Creditanstalt
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
962:
959:
955:
951:
948:
944:
935:
927:
918:
916:
912:
911:
906:
905:
900:
895:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
868:1679 and 1713
865:
862:
857:
855:
851:
850:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
828:Palais Modena
825:
821:
817:
813:
812:
807:
803:
799:
795:
788:
783:
773:
768:
766:
762:
758:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
724:Ottoman Turks
718:
717:Frans Geffels
713:
700:
696:
695:Schottenstift
692:
688:
683:
677:
670:
668:
664:
660:
656:
651:
649:
645:
636:
632:
630:
629:
623:
618:
616:
612:
607:
605:
601:
597:
593:
592:Frederick III
589:
584:
582:
578:
574:
570:
565:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
542:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
518:
514:
510:
507:choir of the
506:
502:
498:
494:
489:
487:
482:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
455:
449:Habsburg rule
446:
444:
440:
436:
428:
424:
420:
418:
414:
411:basin and to
410:
406:
402:
398:
393:
391:
387:
383:
379:
378:
373:
369:
365:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
343:Third Crusade
339:
338:was founded.
337:
336:Schottenstift
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
314:and Margrave
313:
309:
304:
302:
298:
289:
280:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
257:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
232:
229:
225:
223:
219:
214:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
195:
189:
185:
181:
180:
170:
163:
158:
149:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
114:
109:
105:
101:
100:
89:
79:
76:
68:
58:
54:
48:
47:
42:This article
40:
31:
30:
27:
19:
3011:Coat of arms
3001:Architecture
2968:Prostitution
2938:Demographics
2816:Legal system
2794:Human rights
2774:Constitution
2660:
2569:East Francia
2434:
2420:
2413:
2406:
2399:
2385:
2375:
2368:
2361:
2354:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2326:
2319:
2312:
2305:
2298:
2291:
2284:
2277:
2270:
2260:
2253:
2246:
2239:
2232:
2225:
2216:
2209:
2197:
2190:
2183:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2135:. Retrieved
2131:the original
2126:
2123:"Spy vs. Sy"
2116:
2105:. Retrieved
2101:
2077:
2072:
2064:
2059:
2044:
2024:
2017:
2007:
1999:
1987:. Retrieved
1985:. SPĂ– Vienna
1982:
1973:
1964:
1960:
1947:
1939:
1934:
1926:
1925:Joan Comay,
1921:
1912:
1857:
1854:
1821:
1813:Sankt Pölten
1789:
1743:
1732:
1725:
1707:territory).
1690:36, and the
1681:
1673:Soviet Union
1662:
1627:
1619:
1612:
1609:World War II
1580:
1548:Adolf Hitler
1540:Nazi Germany
1537:
1501:
1458:Justizpalast
1457:
1455:
1427:
1415:
1413:
1386:
1373:
1367:
1335:
1320:
1316:Rent Control
1298:
1276:
1266:
1260:). In 1904,
1254:Leopoldstadt
1241:
1235:
1233:
1210:
1206:
1199:
1189:
1182:
1175:
1159:
1153:
1143:
1139:
1137:
1123:
1085:
1070:
1063:
1012:
1002:
963:
953:
940:
921:19th century
908:
902:
896:
887:
876:Leopoldstadt
858:
853:
847:
819:
809:
791:
777:18th century
721:
698:
694:
690:
686:
652:
641:
625:
619:
608:
604:Hussite Wars
585:
566:
543:
530:
525:
521:
516:
490:
483:
478:
460:
435:Frederick II
432:
427:Frederick II
404:
394:
375:
340:
319:
310:between the
305:
295:In 976, the
294:
268:
258:
226:
217:
215:
193:
177:
175:
111:
104:Roman Empire
96:
94:
71:
62:
43:
26:
2963:Pornography
2953:Health care
2857:Agriculture
2811:LGBT rights
2804:enforcement
2137:21 November
1826:. With the
1766:skyscrapers
1669:Karl Renner
1622:flak towers
1603:Third Reich
1552:Heldenplatz
1503:Ständestaat
1346:Ansaldo SVA
1300:World War I
1287:World War I
1269:Karl Lueger
1262:Floridsdorf
1258:Brigittenau
1231:is named).
1221:Otto Wagner
1217:Art Nouveau
1177:GrĂĽnderzeit
1164:Historicism
1083:to resign.
984:. In 1810,
954:TaborbrĂĽcke
941:During the
699:Schottentor
573:German King
531:the Founder
509:Stephansdom
405:Stapelrecht
401:staple port
357:of 1192 in
269:apud Weniam
261:Middle Ages
238:city centre
199:city centre
142:World War I
108:city centre
97:history of
3116:Categories
3031:Literature
2826:Parliament
2789:Government
2708:Ecoregions
2283:May, A.J.
2154:See also:
2107:2023-07-14
1967:: 205–219.
1904:References
1792:Bundesland
1778:Wien Mitte
1756:, and the
1697:Donaustadt
1692:Communists
1649:See also:
1564:synagogues
1494:Schutzbund
1486:Nazi Party
1418:Schutzbund
1405:Red Vienna
1378:parliament
1350:propaganda
1242:Linienwall
1229:Karlsplatz
1213:Jugendstil
1201:Donaukanal
1160:RingstraĂźe
1155:RingstraĂźe
1140:Linienwall
1124:RingstraĂźe
1081:Metternich
990:Rothschild
915:graveyards
904:Magistrate
849:Linienwall
838:, and the
814:), as the
798:architects
770:See also:
659:Protestant
558:Leopold IV
546:patricians
495:emperors,
493:Luxembourg
390:tournament
368:city walls
316:Leopold IV
277:River Wien
207:municipium
136:and later
2958:Languages
2943:Education
2897:Transport
2867:Companies
2779:Elections
2718:Mountains
2703:Districts
2676:Geography
2646:Anschluss
2532:Roman Era
1801:‹See Tfd›
1587:Schwechat
1544:Anschluss
1474:Civil War
1145:Vorstädte
1092:Aromanian
899:Joseph II
882:in 1670.
872:factories
864:epidemics
854:Vorstädte
840:Belvedere
811:Vorstädte
732:epidemics
697:with the
596:Albert VI
588:cathedral
517:Eisenbuch
501:Albert II
491:With the
484:In 1280,
461:In 1278,
439:bishopric
399:and as a
377:Stubentor
355:Christmas
301:Babenberg
228:Byzantine
218:Vindobona
179:Vindobona
176:The name
162:Vindobona
126:Habsburgs
122:Babenberg
113:Vindobona
3096:Category
2973:Religion
2923:Abortion
2882:Taxation
2821:Military
2757:Politics
2559:Rugiland
2542:Pannonia
2499:articles
1882:See also
1864:Cold War
1824:majority
1758:UNO-City
1532:Augarten
1492:and the
1423:Heimwehr
950:marshals
884:Hygienic
816:nobility
744:bastions
740:fortress
613:and the
569:Albert V
550:artisans
475:Albert I
471:Habsburg
463:Rudolf I
374:station
242:Lombards
192:Legio X
130:Europe's
65:May 2021
3080:Outline
3041:Museums
3016:Cuisine
2993:Culture
2911:Society
2892:Tourism
2862:Banking
2845:Economy
2651:Ostmark
2537:Noricum
2507:History
2495:Austria
2315:(2008).
2256:(2004).
2179:(2000).
1989:10 July
1762:skyline
1701:Liesing
1595:Liesing
1591:Mödling
1438:Hofburg
1312:clothes
1304:Entente
1237:Vororte
1162:Style (
794:baroque
687:Hofburg
663:Jesuits
648:Bohemia
646:, with
644:Emperor
598:, then
577:capital
359:Erdberg
320:Civitas
273:Magyars
254:Berghof
120:of the
118:capital
51:Please
3101:Portal
3006:Cinema
2877:Mining
2872:Energy
2733:States
2728:Rivers
2698:Cities
2547:Raetia
2497:
2425:online
2409:(2001)
2380:online
2343:(1979)
2329:(2007)
2265:online
2202:online
2032:
1805:German
1782:UNESCO
1746:U-Bahn
1634:Soviet
1488:, the
1432:, the
1250:fourth
1196:Danube
1142:. The
1090:. The
970:Danube
966:Aspern
947:French
892:postal
880:ghetto
861:plague
820:Palais
761:Polish
752:glacis
581:Jewish
505:gothic
497:Prague
413:Venice
409:Danube
372:U-Bahn
231:copper
216:Roman
203:Vienna
194:Gemina
188:Romans
99:Vienna
3087:Index
3061:Sport
3046:Music
3036:Media
2983:Women
2933:Crime
2713:Lakes
2520:Celts
1957:(PDF)
1556:Reich
1393:state
1150:first
958:Tábor
800:were
763:King
701:gate.
332:dukes
250:Avars
246:Slavs
234:coins
3026:Flag
3020:wine
2139:2013
2030:ISBN
1991:2018
1772:and
1576:Linz
1470:bank
1336:The
1310:and
1308:food
1071:The
804:and
750:. A
748:moat
624:the
548:and
539:nave
397:city
364:mint
248:and
95:The
2799:Law
1794:of
1632:by
1510:).
1252:).
866:of
606:).
571:as
384:by
3118::
2451:-
2125:.
2100:.
2088:^
2006:,
1981:.
1963:.
1959:.
1878:.
1819:.
1807::
1741:.
1677:UK
1605:.
1546:.
1440:.
1187:.
856:.
834:,
830:,
826:,
445:.
419:.
392:.
279:.
256:.
148:.
3022:)
3018:(
2979:)
2975:(
2487:e
2480:t
2473:v
2141:.
2110:.
2053:.
2038:.
1993:.
1965:5
1798:(
1695:(
1460:(
1215:(
956:(
403:(
78:)
72:(
67:)
63:(
59:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
