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falsehood. If so, it is not to be wondered at. For such a state of affairs to be possible in any
Security organisation is incomprehensible to me, and I can only say, as a loyal supporter and representative of your service for so many years, that I am disgusted with the unfair tactics introduced and the treatment meted out to an officer with your credentials." In a reply to Jones, Petrie concludes by saying: "I should like again to express my deep appreciation for the very valuable services which you have rendered and to wish you good fortune and a long and happy retirement."
576:, who decided that the codes, the personal codes of Sir David Petrie, should remain in Jones' custody. Jones was given the responsibility of handling all overseas security cables and passing them on to the CSS when appropriate. When Mackay was replaced by Simpson, Simpson repeated the request for the codes. Evatt maintained his earlier ruling. While Jones was away from his office there was a report that Jones had refused to give Simpson decoded messages sent for him by London. The Solicitor General gave instructions to Jones' deputy to release the information to Simpson.
642:. This led, in 1960, to the formal merger of the CIS and the POG into the Commonwealth Police (unofficially known as COMPOL). Over the course of the next two decades the Commonwealth Police expanded its roles and capabibilities. In addition to increasing the numbers of detectives (to investigate crimes such as money laundering, damage to and theft of Commonwealth property), the Commonwealth Police developed forensic, training and administrative services for the Commonwealth and to assist state police agencies. Commonwealth Police assumed responsibilities for policing
196:
134:
368:. At its peak the Commonwealth Police Force numbered about 50 men, almost all of whom were based in Queensland, despite the force notionally being a national one. Commonwealth Police had full police powers for federal offences, but their main task was to report on subversive activities of those opposed to the war and/or the Commonwealth government. Tensions between the Queensland and federal governments flared up a number of times, including during and after a federal police raid on the Queensland Government Printer's Office.
25:
438:. In a letter (dated 31 December 1943), Jones told Petrie: "The Government having decided that my retirement should take place at the end of the present year, I am sending you a brief review of the work of the Security Section, which I have had the especial honour of controlling, particularly as your representative, for the past 27 years."
580:
lack of confidence to be inferred from the action taken at your end by communicating on such matters through an irregular channel, particularly in view of my cablegram to you advising you of the official position as defined by
Government and not the position as was apparently advised to you without authority. "
571:
There had been a misunderstanding between Jones and the
Director General of Security (DG), Brigadier Simpson and himself over the use of cyphers. Jones says in his letter that when the CSS was formed the then DG W. J. Mackay (a former NSW police commissioner) had requested that Jones should hand over
540:
in
Australia. Late in 1933 the Branch established that a German, Dr Becker, then resident in Tanunda, was in charge of Nazi propaganda in Australia. The Security Section within the branch produced "comprehensive" reports on the Italian Fascists and German Nazi movements in Australia in 1936 and 1937
403:
replaced
Anderson just before the Commonwealth Police was formally disbanded. Jones became the head of the Special Intelligence Bureau and led the Investigation Branch; among the hallmarks of his time in office was a single-minded focus on suppressing left-wing groups of any sort, ranging from trade
480:
The
Security Service of the branch was concerned with the protection of the "Commonwealth and the Empire". Jones then gave a history of the Security Service which was mostly concerned with watching the activities of dissidents in the community, especially aliens and potential enemy aliens. There
376:
After World War I ended, the
Government began to wind the force down. In 1919 it was formally disbanded and the few remaining officers at this time were merged with the remnants of the military's Special Intelligence Bureau to form the Investigation Branch, which was later known as the Commonwealth
380:
CIB had offices located in most of the states' capital cities. The agency, which never had more than about 100 staff, had two roles. The first role was to investigate offences against
Commonwealth laws and to better coordinate the investigative capacity of the various Commonwealth Departments. The
579:
Jones was upset by what he saw a slur on his integrity and hotly denied that he had refused to pass on decoded messages for
Simpson. He writes to Petrie: "I must, say, however, that after 23 years of continuous service as your correspondent, I felt then, and still feel, that there was an apparent
567:
units (to work behind enemy lines in the event of invasion) was, according to Jones, given the run around by the Army. Senior officers claimed that
Mawhood was a fraud. Jones writes: "Lt. Colonel Mawhood may have given vent to his feelings of disgust when faced with this campaign of intrigue and
551:
The "Security Service" (the British MI5) had conducted secret work within Jones's organisation, and this had given Jones "considerable pleasure". Colonel Jones talks about a Security Guard which was formed in 1935 and during the war was being used to guard Commonwealth establishments, especially
555:
There was considerable criticism directed at the Branch by "certain Army officers" and there were unsuccessful attempts to place his operation under the control of the Army. Colonel Jones described Military Intelligence as a "society of Friends and Relations" and that few of the officers were
637:
By the early 1950s the Commonwealth Investigation Service was run-down and largely ineffective: It had lost a lot of its quality staff to Australian Security Intelligence Organisation; resources were limited; and its role was in reality poorly defined. The Peace Officer Guard was in a similar
339:, over a range of issues. Hughes doubted the loyalty of several prominent Queensland politicians and public servants, and felt that it was necessary to create a Commonwealth Police Force to ensure that Commonwealth law was adhered to in what he regarded as a "rogue" state.
603:
For administrative reasons, the head of the Commonwealth Investigation Service (CIS) was also automatically in charge of the POG, with the title Superintending Peace Officer. Other senior CIS officers also occupied senior POG positions in an ex-officio capacity.
650:, established intelligence liaison posts overseas, and conducted uniformed policing duties at the nation's main airports. In 1964, Commonwealth Police (including a number of state police sworn in as special COMPOL members) deployed to
471:
a Commonwealth instrumentality entirely independent of the States to deal with claims and other matters arising out of the War, and to provide Federal Investigation Services for the investigation of offences against the Commonwealth
319:, there was considerable tension within Australian society, particularly over the issue of introducing military conscription. On 29 November 1917, at a public rally over this issue in the rural Queensland township of Warwick,
349:
Hughes quickly created a plain-clothed police force, which commenced operations in mid-December 1917. Hughes claimed Australia was at risk from possible revolt or similar action by organisations associated with either
658:. In addition to providing physical security at many key government locations, the Commonwealth Police also took on a greater role in providing close personal protection to senior politicians and diplomats.
683:, a review of Commonwealth law enforcement arrangements strongly urged the creation of a single federal police force. On 29 October 1979, the Commonwealth Police and ACT Police were merged to form the
536:). Jones said that the Branch was actively engaged in cutting off funds and arranging the disbandment of these" ill-advised bodies." Jones said that the Branch had long monitored the activities of the
288:
between 1917 and 1979. A federal police force was first established in 1917, and operated under different names and in some periods as multiple organisations. In late 1979, the Commonwealth Police and
515:
385:
458:
327:. The offender was charged under Queensland state law, whereas Hughes wanted a Commonwealth charge preferred. The incident, and the perceived lack of action on the part of the
918:
600:(POG) was established in 1925 to provide physical security at major and critical government locations. By the 1940s the POG consisted of several hundred uniformed personnel.
495:. "These elements in the former Turkish areas were always at each others' throats, each group aiming to liberate its sphere of influence from the Turkish yoke,' wrote Jones.
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migrants maintaining links with national groups back home and causing trouble in immigration communities, especially those from countries that had been part of the former
381:
second role was to conduct special intelligence investigations and mount surveillance on any left-wing groups the Government felt to be subversive of national security.
619:(ASIO) and transferred the counter-espionage and associated roles from the CIS to ASIO. This left the CIS to focus on the more traditional investigation duties.
913:
560:
400:
411:, also known as the Commonwealth Police (and the Australian Capital Territory Police), was also led by Jones from its establishment on 28 September 1927.
893:
462:
377:
Investigations Branch (CIB). Like the Commonwealth Police Force, the CIB was administered by the Commonwealth's Attorney-General's Department.
616:
833:
261:
208:
655:
572:
all cyphers and secret documents. Jones refused to recognise Mackay's authority. Jones referred the matter to the Attorney General, Dr
89:
676:. The new agency was to be called the Australia Police. Planning was well advanced when the proposal was abandoned in late 1975.
61:
668:
In early 1975 the then Labor government moved to merge the Commonwealth Police with the other federally funded agencies, the
548:. The Branch reported that the Japanese Consul-General, Wakamatsu, had established a Japanese espionage service in Australia.
898:
68:
42:
669:
662:
309:
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to continue under cover of the Investigation Branch the then Special Intelligence Bureau-subsequently General Security.
454:
817:
552:
munitions factories. Colonel Jones said there were some 3,000 members in the uniformed service of the Security Guard.
108:
75:
365:
661:
Ray Whitrod remained Commissioner of the Commonwealth Police until 1969. After Whitrod left in 1969 to head the
57:
46:
419:
257:
629:
and early member of ASIO, succeeded Longfield Lloyd as head of CIS and the Peace Officer Guard in 1953.
527:
612:
Following the war's end the CSS and CIB were consolidated into the Commonwealth Investigation Service .
233:
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718:
703:
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In 1949, the Australian Government, at the insistence of British and US authorities, established the
523:
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During 1931, Jones continued, "the public began to show signs of uneasiness over the growth of
393:
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position. In 1957 the Commonwealth Government acted to address the situation and passed the
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rather than Australian civilian censors), and other records relating to war-time activities.
443:
A brief review of the world of the Security Service of the Commonwealth Investigation Branch
680:
585:
430:
When Jones retired, in 1943, he is said to have refused to hand over codes given to him by
308:, there was no police agency to enforce federal (Commonwealth) laws. Instead, the various
8:
344:
879:
No Ribbons or Medals: The Story of 'Hereward', An Australian Counter Espionage Officer
813:
723:
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331:, was the last straw for Hughes, who had spent months arguing and fighting with the
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Jones had directed the Special Intelligence Bureau towards the following purposes:
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in Australia." Jones said the most famous of the fascist organizations were the
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665:(as it was then known), Commissioner Jack Davis led the Commonwealth Police.
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the CIB's special intelligence functions were largely handed over to the
316:
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The Commissioner of the Commonwealth Police Force from 1917 to 1919 was
708:
573:
434:, and sent a secret report on CIB's activities to the head of MI5, Sir
408:
336:
584:
Jones was succeeded as the head of the federal police organisation by
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organisations within these communities. There were also references to
696:
563:, who had sent from London in 1940 to help with security matters and
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CIB had also maintained a watch of tourists and businessmen from the
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were a number of references to the Australian Italian community and
24:
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The Investigations Branch and the Commonwealth Police (1919–1941)
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police forces were called upon by the Commonwealth as required.
651:
810:
The Right Road? A History of Right-wing Politics in Australia
812:. Melbourne: Oxford University Press Australia. p. 27.
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and the "Black Shirts" in Western Australia (possibly the
431:
426:
Security Service of the Commonwealth Investigation Branch
877:
H. E. Jones, personal papers, cited by: Val Wake, 2004,
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919:
Defunct Commonwealth Government agencies of Australia
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unions to the nascent Communist Party of Australia.
559:A British intelligence officer, Lieutenant Colonel
461:(a wartime military post answerable to the British
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
632:
905:
445:) to Petrie, stated, among other things, that:
608:Commonwealth Investigation Service (1941–1960)
16:Australian federal law enforcement (1917–1979)
914:Defunct law enforcement agencies of Australia
625:, a former Detective Senior Constable in the
617:Australian Security Intelligence Organisation
304:Initially, after the six British colonies in
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656:United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus
335:, led by its anti-conscriptionist Premier
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663:Royal Papua & New Guinea Constabulary
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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449:CIB had been created, at the end of the
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834:"Timeline of the Commonwealth Police"
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681:bombing of the Hilton Hotel in Sydney
300:Commonwealth Police Force (1917–1919)
894:Anniversary of the Warwick incident
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47:adding citations to reliable sources
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670:Australian Capital Territory Police
516:Citizens' League of South Australia
290:Australian Capital Territory Police
13:
14:
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887:
522:and/or local sympathisers of the
441:Jones' letter and report (headed
358:and anti-war activities, such as
514:("White Army") in Victoria, the
409:Federal Capital Territory Police
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23:
633:Commonwealth Police (1960–1979)
459:Deputy Chief Censor (Australia)
453:, to coordinate the records of
366:Industrial Workers of the World
34:needs additional citations for
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776:
762:Was established under the act.
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1:
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679:Following the 1978 terrorist
556:experienced in security work.
420:Commonwealth Security Service
323:at Australian Prime Minister
209:Attorney-General's Department
455:Australian Army Intelligence
315:During the latter stages of
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528:Imperial League of Fascists
306:Australia federated in 1901
251:Elected officer responsible
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284:law enforcement agency in
792:Australian Federal Police
719:Northern Territory Police
704:Australian Federal Police
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744:Western Australia Police
520:Australia First Movement
510:in New South Wales, the
493:Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
333:government of Queensland
292:were merged to form the
223:War Precautions Act 1914
175:Jurisdictional structure
899:Some original documents
640:Commonwealth Police Act
234:Peace Officers Act 1925
229:Public Service Act 1902
215:Constituting instrument
180:Operations jurisdiction
808:Moore, Andrew (1995).
729:South Australia Police
714:New South Wales Police
627:South Australia Police
561:J.C. (Charles) Mawhood
394:New South Wales Police
121:Law enforcement agency
246:Operational structure
58:"Commonwealth Police"
784:"History of the AFP"
586:Eric Longfield Lloyd
401:H. E. (Harold) Jones
225:(repealed 1919–20)
43:improve this article
598:Peace Officer Guard
592:Peace Officer Guard
345:War Precautions Act
274:Commonwealth Police
232: •
227: •
127:Commonwealth Police
190:Legal jurisdiction
162:Superseding agency
840:on July 20, 2008.
724:Queensland Police
530:, or the Italian
352:Irish nationalism
329:Queensland Police
321:an egg was thrown
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157:1–2 December 1917
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32:This article
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141:Abbreviation
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41:Please help
36:verification
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623:Ray Whitrod
574:H. V. Evatt
565:stay-behind
388:, a former
317:World War I
908:Categories
788:afp.gov.au
770:References
709:ACT Police
342:Under the
337:T. J. Ryan
280:) was the
69:newspapers
697:Australia
508:New Guard
500:Communism
484:Fascistii
390:Inspector
361:Sinn Féin
356:left wing
286:Australia
200:Australia
184:Australia
691:See also
457:and the
364:and the
687:(AFP).
504:Fascism
422:(CSS).
414:During
392:in the
347:, 1914,
296:(AFP).
282:federal
83:scholar
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794:(AFP).
695:Other
652:Cyprus
526:, the
489:Balkan
399:Major
278:COMPOL
154:Formed
144:COMPOL
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78:
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56:
750:Notes
310:state
169:(AFP)
90:JSTOR
76:books
814:ISBN
672:and
646:and
596:The
533:MVSN
502:and
472:and;
407:The
272:The
62:news
432:MI5
45:by
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