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two Bicons coupled together lengthwise match one 20-foot ISO container, but their height is 6 inches (152 mm) shy of the more commonly available 10-foot ISO containers of so-called 'standard' height, which are 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m) tall. Tricons and
Quadcons however have to be coupled transversely – either three or four in a row – to be stackable with twenty foot containers. Their length of 8 ft (2.44 m) corresponds to the width of a standard 20-foot container, which is why there are forklift pockets at their ends, as well as in the sides of these boxes, and the doors only have one locking bar each. The smallest of these, the Quadcon, exists in two heights: 96 in (2.44 m) or 82 in (2.08 m). Only the first conforms to ISO-668 standard dimensions (size 1F).
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format as the earlier BIC-Codes. The
International Container Office BIC agreed to only issue ownership codes ending with U, J or Z. The new allocation office of the UIRR (International Union of Combined Road-Rail Transport Companies) agreed to only issue ownership reporting marks for swap bodies ending with A, B, C, D or K – companies having a BIC-Code ending with U can allocate an ILU-Code ending with K having the same preceding letters. Since July 2011 the new ILU codes can be registered, beginning with July 2014 all intermodal ISO containers and intermodal swap bodies must have an ownership code and by July 2019 all of them must bear a standard-conforming placard.
2063:
624:
2513:
1721:
2474:
838:). A twenty-foot equivalent unit is a measure of containerized cargo capacity equal to one standard 20-foot (6.1 m) long container. This is an approximate measure, wherein the height of the box is not considered. For example, the 9 ft 6 in (2.9 m) tall high-cube, as well as 4-foot-3-inch half-height (1.3 m) 20-foot (6.1 m) containers are equally counted as one TEU. Similarly, extra long 45 ft (13.72 m) containers are commonly counted as just two TEU, no different from standard 40 feet (12.19 m) long units. Two TEU are equivalent to one forty-foot equivalent unit (FEU).
716:
United States an additional problem, which is that the ship lines typically charge much higher rates on services from Asia to North
America than from North America to Asia. This has resulted in complaints, for example, from farmers and agricultural companies, that it's hard to get containers in some parts of the country because the ship lines want to ship them empty back to Asia, rather than letting them go to South Dakota and load over the course of several days. So we've had exporters in the United States complaining that they have a hard time finding a container that they can use to send their own goods abroad.
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1930:
355:
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1856:
737:
951:
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1959:
110:
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674:(ILA) contract stipulated that the work of "stuffing" (filling) or "stripping" (emptying) a container within 50 miles (80 km) of a port must be done by ILA workers, or if not done by ILA, that the shipper needed to pay royalties and penalties to the ILA. Unions for truckers and consolidators argued that the ILA rules were not valid work preservation clauses, because the work of stuffing and stripping containers away from the pier had not traditionally been done by ILA members. In 1980 the
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603:, and hired him as vice-president of engineering and research. Under the supervision of Tantlinger, a new 35 ft (10.67 m) x 8 ft (2.44 m) x 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m) Sea-Land container was developed, the length determined by the maximum length of trailers then allowed on Pennsylvanian highways. Each container had a frame with eight corner castings that could withstand stacking loads. Tantlinger also designed automatic
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726:
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98:
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deliver are 52,900 lb (24,000 kg) for 20-foot containers, and 67,200 lb (30,500 kg) for 40-foot containers, in contrast to the global ISO-standard gross weight for 20-footers having been raised to the same as 40-footers in the year 2005. In the U.S., containers loaded up to the rail cargo weight limit cannot move over the road, as they will exceed the U.S. 80,000 lb (36,000 kg) highway limit.
850:
to using 40-foot high-cube dry and refrigerated containers more and more predominantly. Forty-foot units have become the standard to such an extent that the sea freight industry now charges less than 30% more for moving a 40-ft unit than for a 1 TEU box. Although 20-ft units mostly have heavy cargo, and are useful for stabilizing both ships and revenue, carriers financially penalize 1 TEU boxes by comparison.
47:
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1950:(APL) in 1986. The size of the containers matched new federal regulations passed in 1983 which prohibited states from outlawing the operation of single trailers shorter than 48 feet long or 102 inches wide. This size being 8 feet (2.44 m) longer and 6 inches (15 cm) wider has 29% more volume capacity than the standard 40-ft High-Cube, yet costs of moving it by truck or rail are almost the same.
2162:
1838: in) in standard containers, because the extra width enables their users to either load two Euro-pallets end on end across their width, or three of them side by side (providing the pallets were neatly stacked, without overspill), whereas in standard ISO containers, a strip of internal floor-width of about 33 centimetres (13 in) cannot be used by Euro-pallets.
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2026:-ft boxes) are only of unnamed, 8-foot (2.44 m) height. But industry makes 10-foot units more frequently of 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m) height, to mix, match (and stack) better in a fleet of longer, 8 ft 6 in tall containers. Smaller units, on the other hand, are no longer standardized, leading to deviating lengths, like 8 ft (2.44 m) or
4727:
3059:, asked whether the time has come to develop a new series of standards on containers (Series 2), to accommodate new sizes like American 53-foot and European Pallet-wide containers. A new series which, given the significant investments required by the industry, would replace the current series of standards (series 1) in the next 20 or 25 years.
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561: in (2.10 m) high. CONEXes could be stacked three high, and protected their contents from the elements. By 1965 the US military used some 100,000 Conex boxes, and more than 200,000 in 1967, making this the first worldwide application of intermodal containers. Their invention made a major contribution to the
1185:
raised to 36,000 kg or 79,000 lb per
Amendment 1 on ISO 668:2013, in 2016. Draft Amendment 1 of ISO 668: 2020 – for the eighth edition – maintains this. Given the average container lifespan, the majority of the global container fleet have not caught up with this change yet.
645:'s containers, Matson's were 8 ft (2.44 m) wide and 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m) high, but due to California's different traffic code Matson chose to make theirs 24 ft (7.32 m) long. In 1968, McLean began container service to South Vietnam for the US military with great success.
1040:), either closed models with roof-lids, or hard or soft open-top units for top loading, for instance for bulk minerals. Containerized coal carriers and "bin-liners" (containers designed for the efficient road and rail transportation of rubbish from cities to recycling and dump sites) are used in Europe.
2107:
standard sizes 1D, 1E and 1F respectively. These containers are of a standard 8 ft (2.44 m) height, and with a footprint size either one half (Bicon), one third (Tricon) or one quarter (Quadcon) the size of a standard 20-foot, one TEU container. At a nominal length of 10 feet (3.05 m),
1920:
Many sea shipping providers in Europe allow these on board, as their external width overhangs over standard containers are sufficiently minor that they fit in the usual interlock spaces in ship's holds, as long as their corner-castings patterns (both in the floor and the top) still match with regular
715:
Because of delays in the process, it's taking a container longer to go from its origin to its final destination where it's unloaded, so the container is in use longer for each trip. You've just lost a big hunk of the total capacity because the containers can't be used as intensively. We've had in the
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on the safe handling and transport of containers. It decrees that every container traveling internationally be fitted with a CSC Safety-approval Plate. This holds essential information about the container, including age, registration number, dimensions and weights, as well as its strength and maximum
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developed the "Transporter", a rigid, corrugated steel container, able to carry 9,000 pounds (4,100 kg). It was 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m) long, 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) wide, and 6 ft 10 in (2.08 m) high, with double doors on one end, was mounted on skids, and had
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as on-site storage, or easily transportable housing for command staff and medical clinics. Nearly all of the more than 150,000 Conex containers shipped to
Vietnam remained in the country, primarily as storage or other mobile facilities. Permanent or semi-permanent placement of containers for storage
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About 90% of non-bulk cargo worldwide is transported by container, and the largest container ships can carry over 19,000 TEU (Twenty-Foot
Equivalent, or how many 20 foot containers can fit on a ship). Between 2011 and 2013, an average of 2,683 containers were reported lost at sea. Other estimates go
1197:
The bottom row in the table gives the legal maximum cargo weights for U.S. highway transport, and those based on use of an industry common tri-axle chassis. Cargo must also be loaded evenly inside the container, to avoid axle weight violations. The maximum gross weights that U.S. railroads accept or
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that China's role as 'factory of the world' is further incentivizing the use of 40-foot containers, and that the computational standard 1 TEU boxes only make up 20% of units on major east–west liner routes, and demand for shipping them keeps dropping. In the 21st century, the market has shifted
619:
Containers in their modern 21st-century form first began to gain widespread use around 1956. Businesses began to devise a structured process to utilize and to get optimal benefits from the role and use of shipping containers. Over time, the invention of the modern telecommunications of the late 20th
454:
et du
Transport Intermodal (B.I.C.) in 1933, and a second one in 1935, primarily for transport between European countries. American containers at this time were not standardized, and these early containers were not yet stackable – neither in the U.S. nor Europe. In November 1932, the first container
2544:
Container-sized units are also often used for moving large pieces of equipment to temporary sites. Specialised containers are particularly attractive to militaries already using containerisation to move much of their freight around. Shipment of specialized equipment in this way simplifies logistics
841:
In 2014 the global container fleet grew to a volume of 36.6 million TEU, based on Drewry
Shipping Consultants' Container Census. Moreover, in 2014 for the first time in history 40-foot High-Cube containers accounted for the majority of boxes in service, measured in TEU. In 2019 it was noted by
818:
no longer use separate stacks in their holds, and other stacks above deck – instead they maximize their capacity by stacking continuously from the bottom of the hull, to as much as 21 high. This requires automated planning to keep heavy containers at the bottom of the stack and light ones on top to
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Following the extended usage of pallet-wide containers in Europe the EU started the
Intermodal Loading Unit (ILU) initiative. This showed advantages for intermodal transport of containers and swap bodies. This led to the introduction of ILU-Codes defined by the standard EN 13044 which has the same
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units usually have the same bottom corner fixtures as intermodal containers, and often have folding legs under their frame so that they can be moved between trucks without using a crane. However they frequently do not have the upper corner fittings of ISO containers, and are not stackable, nor can
775:
Standard containers are 8 feet (2.44 m) wide by 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m) high, although the taller "High Cube" or "hi-cube" units measuring 9 feet 6 inches (2.90 m) have become very common in recent years. By the end of 2013, high-cube 40 ft containers represented
437:
in the UK was one of these, making use of "simple rectangular timber boxes" to convey coal from
Lancashire collieries to Liverpool, where a crane transferred them to horse-drawn carriages. Originally used for moving coal on and off barges, "loose boxes" were used to containerize coal from the late
2116:
ABC containers are small containers, typically 20 ft long and 5 ft high, used for hauling dense materials. The smaller size reduces the tare weight (as compared to using a half-full standard height container). They are normally shipped on specialized railroad flatcars, where 6 containers can be
853:
For container manufacturers, 40-foot High-Cubes now dominate market demand both for dry and refrigerated units. Manufacturing prices for regular dry freight containers are typically in the range of $ 1750–$ 2000 U.S. per CEU (container equivalent unit), and about 90% of the world's containers are
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for conversion to underground bunkers without additional bracing, as the walls cannot sustain much lateral pressure and will collapse. Also, the wooden floor of many used containers could contain some fumigation residues, rendering them unsuitable as confined spaces, such as for prison cells or
1184:
Weights and dimensions of the most common (standardized) types of containers are given below. Forty-eight foot and fifty-three foot containers have not yet been incorporated in the latest, 2020 edition of the ISO 668. ISO standard maximum gross mass for all standard sizes except 10-ft boxes was
1938:
9 ft 6 in (2.90 m) ISO-standard height, their 102-inch (2.6 m) width matches the maximum width of road vehicles in the region but is 6 inches (15 cm) wider than ISO-standard containers, and they are often not built strong enough to endure the rigors of ocean transport.
1937:
The North American market has widely adopted containerization, especially for domestic shipments that need to move between road and rail transport. While they appear similar to the ISO-standard containers, there are several significant differences: they are considered High-Cubes based on their
1966:
In the late 1980s, the federal government announced it would once again allow an increase in the length of trailers to 53 feet (16 m) at the start of 1990. Anticipating this change, 53 foot containers were introduced in 1989. These large boxes have 60% more capacity than 40' containers,
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of a rail system may restrict the modes and types of container shipment. The smaller loading gauges often found in European railroads will only accommodate single-stacked containers. In some countries, such as the United Kingdom, there are sections of the rail network through which high-cube
748:
Ninety percent of the global container fleet consists of "dry freight" or "general purpose" containers – both of standard and special sizes. And although lengths of containers vary from 8 to 56 feet (2.4 to 17.1 m), according to two 2012 container census reports about 80% of the world's
822:
Regional intermodal containers, such as European, Japanese and U.S. domestic units however, are mainly transported by road and rail, and can frequently only be stacked up to two or three laden units high. Although the two ends are quite rigid, containers flex somewhat during transport.
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Open-top and open-side containers, for instance for easy loading of heavy machinery or oversize pallets. Crane systems can be used to load and unload crates without having to disassemble the container itself. Open sides are also used for ventilating hardy perishables like apples or
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Some experts have said that the centralized, continuous shipping process made possible by containers has created dangerous liabilities: one bottleneck, delay, or other breakdown at any point in the process can easily cause major delays everywhere up and down the supply chain.
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system in late 1952. Based on the Transporter, the size and capacity of the Conex were about the same, but the system was made modular, by the addition of a smaller, half-size unit of 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) long, 4 ft 3 in (1.30 m) wide and 6 ft
273:
that can be easily handled, moved, and stacked, and that will pack tightly in a ship or yard. Intermodal containers share a number of construction features to withstand the stresses of intermodal shipping, to facilitate their handling, and to allow stacking. Each has a unique
2406:
Containers can also be transported in planes, as seen within intermodal freight transport. However, transporting containers in this way is typically avoided due to the cost of doing such and the lack of availability of planes which can accommodate such awkwardly sized cargo.
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653:
ISO standards for containers were published between 1968 and 1970 by the International Maritime Organization. These standards allow for more consistent loading, transporting, and unloading of goods in ports throughout the world, thus saving time and resources.
483:(BIC) held demonstrations of container systems for representatives from a number of European countries, and from the United States. A system was selected for Western Europe, based on the Netherlands' system for consumer goods and waste transportation called
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Half the containers that enter the United States leave empty. Their value in the US is lower than in China, so they are sometimes used for other purposes. This is typically but not always at the end of their voyaging lives. The US military often used its
2287:
ISO-standard containers can be handled and lifted in a variety of ways by their corner fixtures, but the structure and strength of 45-foot (type E) containers limits their tolerance of side-lifting, nor can they be forklifted, based on ISO 3874 (1997).
2015:
standard has so far never standardized 10 ft (3 m) containers to be the same height as so-called "Standard-height", 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m), 20- and 40-foot containers. By the ISO standard, 10-foot (and previously included 5-ft and
1166:
From its inception, ISO standards on international shipping containers, consistently speak of them sofar as 'Series 1' containers – deliberately so conceived, to leave room for another such series of interrelated container standards in the future.
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employs used shipping containers as the main framing of modular home designs, where the steel may be an integrated part of the design, or be camouflaged into a traditional looking home. They have also been used to make temporary shops, cafes, and
1970:
In 2007, APL introduced the first 53-foot ocean-capable containers designed to withstand voyages on its South China-to-Los Angeles service. In 2013, APL stopped offering vessel space for 53-foot containers on its trans-Pacific ships. In 2015 both
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20-foot (6.1 m) or 40-foot (12.2 m) long, although the United States and Canada also use longer units of 45 ft (13.7 m), 48 ft (14.6 m) and 53 ft (16.15 m). ISO containers have castings with openings for
3610:(page 18): "This box in turn served as a model for the small containers that most major ship operators began using during the late 1940s and early 1950s. These however, were mainly loaded and unloaded at the docks, and not used intermodally."
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filled with water. When the bomb squad performs controlled detonations, such prepared containers absorb shock and fragments. This use requires level, load-bearing ground. The deformed containers are unsuitable for further circulation.
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are labelled with a series of identification codes that includes the manufacturer code, the ownership code, usage classification code, UN placard for hazardous goods and reference codes for additional transport control and security.
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are simply manufactured with the same, ISO-standard floor structure, but with the side-panels welded in, such that the ribs/corrugations are embossed outwards, instead of indenting to the inside. This makes it possible for some
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and bolster containers, for barrels, drums, crates, and any heavy or bulky out-of-gauge cargo, like machinery, semi-finished goods or processed timber. Empty flat-racks can either be stacked or shipped sideways in another ISO
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There are many established methods and materials for stabilizing and securing intermodal containers loaded on ships, as well as the internal cargo inside the boxes. Conventional restraint methods and materials such as steel
1194:) is not determined by the standards, but by the container's construction, and is therefore indicative, but necessary to calculate a net load figure, by subtracting it from the maximum permitted gross weight.
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of the 1950s and 1960s. These mostly comply with (previous) ISO standard dimensions, or are a direct derivative thereof. Current terminology of the United States armed forces calls these small containers
1917: in) swap bodies that are common for truck transport in Europe. The EU has started a standardization for pallet wide containerization in the European Intermodal Loading Unit (EILU) initiative.
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2217:(International container bureau, abbr. B.I.C.) in France, hence the name "BIC-Code" for the intermodal container reporting mark. So far there exist only four-letter BIC-Codes ending in "U".
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The term "Series 1" in the standards' names expresses the interrelated nature of the standards, leaving room for another such series in the future. In 2012, Michel Hennemand, president of the
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aluminum 30-foot trailer, to fulfil an order of two-hundred 30 by 8 by 8.5 feet (9.14 m Ă— 2.44 m Ă— 2.59 m) containers that could be stacked two high, for Alaska-based
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749:
containers are either 20- or 40-foot standard-length boxes of the dry freight design. These typical containers are rectangular, closed box models, with doors fitted at one end, and made of
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showing twistlock couplings for forty-foot boxes at its four corners. Twenty foot containers, on the other hand, frequently have forklift pockets, accessible from the sides (last picture).
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907:
is clearly visible in the underside of a toppled-over, long container (first picture), as well as in a container's interior, where it takes the space otherwise covered by wood flooring.
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for transport by rail, truck and ship, in various configurations up to 5,500 kg (12,100 lb) capacity, and up to 3.1 by 2.3 by 2 metres (10 ft 2 in Ă— 7 ft
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934:, is a mandatory feature in the bottom structure of 1AAA and 1EEE (40- and 45-ft high-cube) containers, and optional but typical on standard height, forty-foot and longer containers.
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made in China. The average age of the global container fleet was a little over 5 years from end 1994 to end 2009, meaning containers remain in shipping use for well over 10 years.
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up to 10,000; of these 10% are expected to contain chemicals toxic to marine life. Various systems are used for securing containers on ships. Losses of containers at sea are low.
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century made it highly beneficial to have standardized shipping containers and made these shipping processes more standardized, modular, easier to schedule, and easier to manage.
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Military-owned, demountable container, conforming to US and international standards, operated in a centrally controlled fleet for movement of military cargo. Also called MILVAN.
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281:
In 2012, there were about 20.5 million intermodal containers in the world of varying types to suit different cargoes. Containers have largely supplanted the traditional
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155:– without unloading and reloading their cargo. Intermodal containers are primarily used to store and transport materials and products efficiently and securely in the global
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2209:(ownership code), four letters long ending in either U, J or Z, followed by six digits and a check digit. The ownership code for intermodal containers is issued by the
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also runs double-stacked containers under overhead wires, but must use well cars to do so, since the wires are only 6.6 metres (21 ft 8 in) above the track.
442:. By the 1840s, iron boxes were in use as well as wooden ones. The early 1900s saw the adoption of closed container boxes designed for movement between road and rail.
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bunkers. Cleaning or replacing the wood floor can make these used containers habitable, with proper attention to such essential issues as ventilation and insulation.
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built at his Butterley Ironwork. The horse-drawn wheeled wagons on the gangway took the form of containers, which, loaded with coal, could be transshipped from canal
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Bomb disposal experts set up protective barricades around the site, including stacked shipping containers filled with special water balloons to absorb the explosion.
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and wood blocking and bracing have been around for decades and are still widely used. Polyester strapping and lashing, and synthetic webbings are also common today.
1979:
ships for Puerto Rico trade, with the specific design to maximize cubic cargo capacity by carrying 53-foot, 102-inch wide (2,591 mm) containers. Within Canada,
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986:) for perishable goods, that make up 6% of the world's shipping boxes. Tanks in a frame, for bulk liquids, account for another 0.75% of the global container fleet.
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1903:
The 45 ft (13.72 m) pallet-wide high-cube container has gained particularly wide acceptance, as these containers can replace the 13.6 m (44 ft
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Intermodal containers exist in many types and standardized sizes, but 90 percent of the global container fleet are "dry freight" or "general purpose" containers:
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The placement and registration of BIC Codes is standardized by the commissions TC104 and TC122 in the JTC1 of the ISO which are dominated by shipping companies.
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30:
This article is about ISO standardized and derivative intermodal shipping containers. For the U.S. military containers used in the Korea and Vietnam Wars, see
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and may prevent identification of high value equipment by enemies. Such systems may include command and control facilities, mobile operating theatres or even
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European pallet wide (or PW) containers are minimally wider, and have shallow side corrugation, to offer just enough internal width, to allow common European
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1983:
offers 53-foot-container ocean service to and from Newfoundland. 53-foot containers are also being used on some Asia Pacific international shipping routes.
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can also be directly loaded, stacked in food-grade containers. Indeed, their standard shape fills the entire ground surface of a 20 ft ISO container.
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In Japan's domestic freight rail transport, most of the containers are 12 ft (3.66 m) long in order to fit Japan's unique standard pallet sizes.
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repeatedly contributed to the development of containers, as well as their handling and transportation equipment. In 1949, while at Brown Trailers Inc. of
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Chinook helicopter carries a sling-loaded 20 foot shipping container during retrograde operations and base closures in the Wardak province of Afghanistan
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Infrequently there are two sets, an outer set which may be used for loaded handling, and an inner set only for unloaded handling, by smaller forklifts.
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The Containerisation International Market Analysis Report: World Container Census 2012, and the Drewry Maritime Research report: Container Census 2012
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250:) containers. Depending on the source, these containers may be termed TEUs (twenty-foot equivalent units), reflecting the 20- or 40-foot dimensions.
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Using "standard" to mean "standard height", as intended within the ISO 668 standard, as opposed to meaning "dry van" or "general purpose" container.
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standard classifies a broad spectrum of container types in great detail. Aside from different size options, the most important container types are:
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2578:, Mexico uses fifty old sea containers for 4,500 m (48,000 sq ft) of workshops, restaurants, galleries, etc., as well as some homes.
234:. The worldwide standard heights are 8 feet 6 inches (2.59 m) and 9 feet 6 inches (2.90 m) – the latter are known as
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Ventilated containers. Essentially dry vans, but either passively or actively ventilated. For instance for organic products requiring ventilation.
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Forty-five-foot containers can be seen sticking out 2.5 feet (0.76 m), as part of the forty foot container stacks at the back of this ship.
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fasteners at each of the eight corners, to allow gripping the box from above, below, or the side, and they can be stacked up to ten units high.
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began during the late 1940s and early 1950s, when commercial shipping operators and the US military started developing such units. In 1948 the
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Ninety Percent of Everything: Inside Shipping, the Invisible Industry That Puts Clothes on Your Back, Gas in Your Car, and Food on Your Plate
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2100:
2596:) of energy to melt down. Repurposing used shipping containers is increasingly a practical solution to both social and ecological problems.
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The first North American containers to come to market were 48 feet (15 m) long. This size was introduced by container shipping company
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370:
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2003:
intermodal containers in North America. The containers allowed Canadian Tire to increase the volume of goods shipped per container by 13%.
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fit through the larger oval hole on the bottom castings. Top casting ovals hold twistlock fittings used to secure another container on top.
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of commerce in the second half of the 20th century, dramatically reducing the cost of transporting goods and hence of long-distance trade.
163:
that does not have wheels. Based on size alone, up to 95% of intermodal containers comply with ISO standards, and can officially be called
5000:
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3402:
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1138:
they be lifted and handled by the usual equipment like reach-stackers or straddle-carriers. They are generally more expensive to procure.
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collapsible containers, ranging from flushfolding flat-racks to fully closed ISO and CSC certified units with roof and walls when erected.
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Other than the standard, general purpose container, many variations exist for use with different cargoes. The most prominent of these are
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772:, the corrugated sides cause aerodynamic drag, and up to 10% fuel economy loss in road or rail transport, compared to smooth-sided vans.
671:
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Longshoremen and related unions around the world struggled with this revolution in shipping goods. For example, by 1971 a clause in the
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Discrepancy in container stacking strength requirements between the pertinent ISO Standard and the Convention for Safe Containers (CSC)
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General-purpose dry vans, for boxes, cartons, cases, sacks, bales, pallets, drums, etc., Special interior layouts are known, such as:
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in respectively, and non-standard heights of 2.26 m / 7 ft 5 in and 1.91 m / 6 ft 3.2 in respectively, for storage or off-shore use.
1980:
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Values vary slightly from manufacturer to manufacturer, but must stay within the tolerances dictated by the standards. Empty weight (
527:, known as "pa-Behälter". It was implemented in the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, West Germany, Switzerland, Sweden and Denmark.
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lifting rings on the top four corners. After proving successful in Korea, the Transporter was developed into the Container Express
5945:
207:
is a technically incorrect carry-over usage of the name of an important predecessor of the ISO containers: the much smaller steel
4697:
3603:
1764: in) wide, to be loaded with significantly greater efficiency and capacity. Having a typical internal width of 2.44 m (
846:
815:
6349:
5918:
5756:
5270:
472:
7245:
3201:
388:
In 1975, many containers still featured riveted aluminum sheet-and-post wall construction, instead of welded, corrugated steel.
5738:
1127:
A multitude of equipment, such as generators, has been installed in containers of different types to simplify logistics – see
285:; in 2010, containers accounted for 60% of the world's seaborne trade. The predominant alternative methods of transport carry
6390:
6312:
5176:
3817:
3712:
3172:
5793:
3874:
6682:
6482:
4840:
3766:
by 102 in. The CONEX container is a metal reusable shipping box. The most common type has a 295-cu. ft. capacity, is about
3542:
2636:
1845:
A 20-foot PW can load 15 Euro-pallets – four more, or 36% better than the normal 11 pallets in an ISO-standard 20-foot unit
1180:
ISO 1496-1:2013 Series 1 freight containers—Specification and testing—Part 1: General cargo containers for general purposes
811:
345:
4643:
4307:
226:; almost all 8 feet (2.44 m) wide, and of either 20 or 40 feet (6.10 or 12.19 m) standard length, as defined by
7001:
6961:
5053:
4881:
4541:
3068:
Forty-five-foot containers were not standardized by the ISO until the 2005 Amendment No. 2 to the ISO 668:1995 standard.
3052:
2212:
1728:(RoRo) tractor. The text in the yellow arrow on the top unit indicates its extra 2.50 m (8 ft 2 in) width.
1150:
40 foot high-cube container. The one foot extra height is indicated by the black and yellow markers near the top corners.
658:
451:
6030:
5100:
3340:
4922:
675:
2488:
764:
used for the sides and roof contributes significantly to the container's rigidity and stacking strength, just like in
6435:
6419:
5375:
Photo of 45-foot Cobelfret containers, with markings warning of their 2.5 metres width, as well as their 9'6'' height
4979:
4360:
3444:
1712:, or are 41 ft (12.5 m) long and 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) wide to be able to fit up to 40 pallets.
1170:
Basic dimensions and permissible gross weights of intermodal containers are largely determined by two ISO standards:
399:
82:
17:
6355:(Report). Logistic Support in the Vietnam Era. US DoD Joint Logistics Review Board. 15 December 1970. Archived from
6186:
5465:
4523:
4073:"International Convention for Safe Containers (CSC) – Adoption: 2 December 1972; Entry into force: 6 September 1977"
3252:
2773:
2588:
is common. A regular forty-foot container has about 4,000 kg (8,818 lb) of steel, which takes 8,000
1848:
A 40-foot PW can load 30 Euro-pallets – five more, or 20% better than the 25 pallets in a standard 40-foot unit, and
253:
Invented in the early 20th century, 40-foot intermodal containers proliferated during the 1960s and 1970s under the
6935:
5962:
2882:
2784:
2615:
2389:
2371:
434:
361:
57:
5534:
1098:, and must meet additional strength and design requirements, standards and certification, such as the DNV2.7-1 by
7280:
7189:
5862:
3628:
3150:
2599:
780:
691:
520:
4910:
4050:
7595:
6954:
5259:
5255:
4836:
4330:
ISO 668:1995 Series 1 freight containers – Classification, dimensions and ratings – AMENDMENT 2: 45' containers
3087:
Lewandowski, Krzysztof (2016). "Growth in the Size of Unit Loads and Shipping Containers from Antique to WWI".
2988:
Heavy 1 TEU containers are habitually stacked low in a vessel, both for the stability of a ship (keep the
2721:
ISO 14829:2002 Freight containers – Straddle carriers for freight container handling – Calculation of stability
769:
642:
592:
6044:
5220:
3978:
3632:
5720:
5508:
5374:
5281:
4281:
4190:
3660:
2779:
2190:
698:. In January 2021, for example, a shortage of shipping containers at ports caused shipping to be backlogged.
5256:
Compilation of Existing State Truck Size and Weight Limit Laws – Appendix A State Truck Size and Weight Laws
4597:
4497:
4403:
2086:
The United States military continues to use small containers, strongly reminiscent of their Transporter and
433:
By the 1830s, railroads were carrying containers that could be transferred to other modes of transport. The
7605:
6996:
6717:
6397:
5420:
2297:
136:
6414:, Volume 34 of ISO standards handbook, International Organization for Standardization, 4th edition, 2006.
6071:
1851:
A 45-foot PW can load 34 Euro-pallets – seven more, or 26% better than 27 in a standard 45-foot container.
7046:
7011:
6925:
6842:
6722:
6016:
5641:
4338:
2806:
2790:
2640:
2358:
2323:
1107:
827:
730:
7021:
5693:
Canadian Pacific and Canadian Tire Corporation Deploy North America's First 60-foot Intermodal Container
4953:
4935:
2062:
946:
Forty foot High-Cube actively refrigerated container – refrigerating equipment visible on the front end.
623:
7238:
3780:
by 6 by 7 ft, and can carry 9,000 lbs. The dimensions of the Half-CONEX or CONEX I container are 75 by
2553:
1709:
765:
6154:
5608:"Construction Begins on Crowley's Second Commitment Class ConRo Ship for Use in the Puerto Rico Trade"
2891: – Size of assemblage into which individual items are combined for ease of storage & handling
459:. Containerization was developed in Europe and the US as a way to revitalize rail companies after the
7092:
6083:
5319:
4882:"Why Open-Top Containers Dominate the Glass Industry and How to Use Them To Streamline Your Shipping"
3912:
1720:
476:
460:
5335:
5244:
2393:
Damaged container ship, MV Zim Kingston, after losing 109 containers in a fire and subsequent storm.
1975:
and TOTE Maritime each announced the construction of their respective second combined container and
6475:
4816:
2812:
2700:
ISO 2308:1972 Hooks for lifting freight containers of up to 30 tonnes capacity – Basic requirements
2281:
1996:
1947:
776:
almost 50% of the world's maritime container fleet, according to Drewry's Container Census report.
159:
intermodal freight transport system, but smaller numbers are in regional use as well. It is like a
5140:
4756:
4467:
2715::1997 Freight containers – Container equipment data exchange (CEDEX) – General communication codes
1154:
Basic terminology of globally standardized intermodal shipping containers is set out in standard:
7348:
7165:
5588:
4537:
2067:
1086:
trash containers, for carrying trash bags and cans to and from Recycling factories and landfills.
729:
Forty foot (12.2 m) containers make up 70% of the world's container volume, which is measured in
519: in) in size. This became the first post World War II European railway standard of the
6248:
5202:
4428:
4259:
3422:
3293:
2718:
ISO/TS 10891:2009 Freight containers – Radio frequency identification (RFID) – Licence plate tag
2665:
D5728-00 Standard Practices for Securement of Cargo in Intermodal and Unimodal Surface Transport
2533:
7194:
7184:
7176:
7133:
6697:
5132:
ISO 668:1995 Series 1 freight containers – Classification, dimensions and ratings – AMENDMENT 1
5012:
3671:
3406:
3347:
3248:
2959:
2608:
2318:
painted on the outside for identification and tracking, and is capable of carrying up to 20–25
1020:
979:
807:
6455:
6140:
5771:
5350:
4097:
2847:
2562:
Electric generators can be permanently installed in containers to be used for portable power.
2559:
Complete water treatment systems can be installed in containers and shipped around the world.
64:
7374:
7231:
6642:
6632:
6342:
6338:
6334:
6330:
5118:
3607:
1091:
6326:
6058:
5917:. International Union of Combined Road-Rail Transport Companies. 10 May 2011. Archived from
3997:
3805:
3472:"Czechoslovak activity to prepare European norms for containers before the Second World War"
101:
A 40-foot-long (12.2 m) shipping container. Each of its eight corners has an essential
6747:
6622:
5809:
4165:"Shipping Container Shortage Could Last Until Next Year, Boosting Container Leasing Stocks"
3704:
3695:
2575:
2343:
2180:
U.S. Navy moving a Bicon box. Note the forklift pockets only in the sides, not at the ends.
2079:
1047:
604:
538:
5886:
5557:
5293:
3621:"History & Development of the Container – The 'Transporter', predecessor to the CONEX"
3381:
8:
7600:
7364:
7300:
7148:
6915:
6687:
6468:
6059:"The securing of containers on deck on a container ship – Transport Informations Service"
5450:
2801:
2632:
2604:
2195:
1103:
1074:
690:
The reliance on containers exacerbated some of the economic and societal damage from the
573:
463:, in New York, which resulted in economic collapse and a drop in all modes of transport.
456:
7056:
4547:
3602:
Intermodal Marine Container Transportation: Impediments and Opportunities, Issue 236 //
2550:
406:
designed the box boat 'Starvationer' with ten wooden containers, to transport coal from
7569:
7223:
7117:
6897:
6847:
6427:
The Box: How the Shipping Container Made the World Smaller and the World Economy Bigger
6128:
5942:
5854:
5504:
4493:
4399:
4145:
3880:
The Box: How the Shipping Container Made the World Smaller and the World Economy Bigger
3701:
The Box: How the Shipping Container Made the World Smaller and the World Economy Bigger
3146:
3112:
2876:
2253:
2221:
1099:
1016:
994:
708:
The Box: How the Shipping Container Made the World Smaller and the World Economy Bigger
535:
531:
212:
152:
123:
35:
4122:
2689:
ISO 1496-3:1995 – Part 3: Tank containers for liquids, gases, and pressurized dry bulk
2310:
as part of a single journey without unpacking. Units can be secured in transit using "
1929:
740:
The standard casting that is located on each of the eight corners of a container. The
7534:
7499:
7478:
7458:
7036:
6807:
6557:
6431:
6415:
6386:
6356:
6308:
6205:
5858:
5753:
5163:"ISO 668:2013 – Series 1 freight containers – Classification, dimensions and ratings"
4209:
3813:
3708:
3585:
3569:
3496:
3471:
3440:
3116:
3104:
2989:
2762:
2241:
A cargo container being transferred from a rail car to a flat-bed truck, lifted by a
2168:
U.S. Navy load Tricon containers into a Lockheed C-5 Galaxy transport aircraft (2006)
931:
908:
439:
411:
140:
3209:
1933:
Container "Toplifter" forklift moving two empty 53-foot boxes by their 40-foot posts
950:
736:
7473:
7338:
7327:
7321:
7213:
7138:
7107:
7102:
6991:
6877:
6837:
6772:
6662:
6627:
6507:
5846:
5735:
5042:
3486:
3096:
2867:
2853:
2832:
2546:
2411:
2265:
1976:
1972:
1725:
1705:
753:
657:
The International Convention for Safe Containers (CSC) is a 1972 regulation by the
600:
596:
569:
488:
326:
314:
282:
254:
223:
156:
5180:
2410:
There are special aviation containers, smaller than intermodal containers, called
2366:
containers cannot pass, or can pass through only on well cars. On the other hand,
2040: ft (1.98 m), with non-standard widths of 2.20 m / 86.6 in and 1.95 m /
1676:
84,000 lb (38,000 kg) (6 or more axles) on non-Interstate highways
7564:
7549:
7494:
7412:
7311:
7082:
6862:
6802:
6552:
6438:
6298:
5949:
5797:
5790:
5779:
5760:
5742:
5724:
5470:
4960:
4942:
4731:
4644:"Price of new containers at a 10-year low, putting pressure on leasing companies"
4104:
3884:
2584:
2377:. The wires must be at least 7.45 metres (24 ft 5 in) above the track.
2367:
2357:. The latter are specially designed for container transport, and can accommodate
2269:
2249:
1030:
843:
415:
3856:
3854:
3546:
3315:
2272:
may be used to load and unload trucks or trains outside of container terminals.
1958:
1855:
7554:
7401:
7306:
7254:
7143:
7077:
7041:
6797:
6782:
6692:
6602:
6527:
6045:"How Shipping Containers are Stacked on Cargo Ships - American Trailer Rentals"
5829:
4651:
4311:
3846:
CONEX ... container that ... was about 7' high by 8' wide and about 12' long...
2767:
2314:" points located at each corner of the container. Every container has a unique
2303:
2206:
1051:
1026:
959:
885:
703:
Outside the Box: How Globalization Changed from Moving Stuff to Spreading Ideas
577:
403:
148:
144:
109:
4973:"Economic Analysis of Proposed Standardisation And Harmonisation Requirements"
4889:
4855:"DB Schenker Logistics offers new solution for garments on hangers | 3PL"
4673:
Upply is Using Data to Build a New Logistics Market: Here's How | MongoDB News
2809: – Industrial-grade storage and transport container for fluids and solids
7589:
7514:
7427:
7087:
6872:
6812:
6767:
6712:
6502:
3851:
3834:
3589:
3500:
3108:
2827:
2795:
2589:
2428:
2378:
2374:
2362:
2307:
2261:
2242:
1992:
1177::2013–2020 Series 1 freight containers—Classification, dimensions and ratings
1033:, and in the case of gases one shipping unit may contain multiple gas bottles
971:
599:. The first containers were supplied by Brown Trailers Inc, where McLean met
588:
562:
294:
262:
5638:"Containers for world's first LNG-powered container ships arrive at Jaxport"
4575:
2156:
U.S. Navy tractor moves Quadcon containers at Kin Red Port in Okinawa (2005)
7544:
7519:
7463:
7443:
7285:
7208:
6857:
6817:
6707:
6677:
6607:
6562:
6512:
3998:"The Containership Revolution: Malcom McLean's 1956 Innovation Goes Global"
3743:
2858:
2677:
ISO 1161:1984 Series 1 freight containers – Corner fittings – Specification
2339:
955:
750:
638:
290:
219:
5850:
5162:
4364:
2787: – 1956 United Nations and International Maritime Organization treaty
2671::2013 Series 1 freight containers – Classification, dimensions and ratings
2628:
966:
876:
584:. Steel castings on the top corners provided lifting and securing points.
455:
terminal in the world was opened by the Pennsylvania Rail Road Company in
7559:
7539:
7468:
6777:
6702:
6657:
2818:
2570:
2439:
1733:
1674:
80,000 lb (36,000 kg) overall maximum on Interstate highways /
1190:
1060:
761:
681:
427:
306:
6946:
6402:
6226:
3733:
3731:
3491:
989:
Although these variations are not of the standard type, they mostly are
791:
7574:
7448:
7437:
7407:
7395:
7333:
7097:
6892:
6832:
6827:
6762:
6652:
6537:
3668:
The Shipping Container and the Globalization of American Infrastructure
2992:
low), as well as being often used under long term contracts, providing
2683:
ISO 1496-1:2013 – Part 1: General cargo containers for general purposes
2480:
2277:
2141:
1146:
632:
450:
The first international standard for containers was established by the
302:
286:
6456:
International Convention for Safe Containers (Geneva, 2 December 1972)
5885:. Chapter 603: Intermodal Container Coding and Marking. Archived from
5832:"Rare Mode Choice in Freight Transport: Modal Shift from Road to Rail"
4285:
4026:
3951:
3939:
3927:
3202:"NSN: 8145-01-C00-8991 (CONTAINER SHIPPING AND STORAGE: 20 FT MILVAN)"
3014:
Frequently used abbreviations for the most common ISO 6346 types are:
2479:
Dockworkers securing containers on a ship with steel lashing bars and
2334:
894:
269:, these containers are a means to bundle cargo and goods into larger,
7529:
7504:
7112:
6882:
6852:
6792:
6491:
6304:
3728:
3100:
2888:
2724:
ISO 17363:2007 Supply chain applications of RFID – Freight containers
2652:
2593:
2467:
Containers can be horizontally connected with lashing bridge fittings
2449:
2443:
2435:
2311:
2273:
2087:
1134:
802:
Although ISO standard 1496 of 1990 only required nine-high stacking,
795:
785:
741:
725:
608:
543:
330:
270:
208:
102:
31:
6757:
4954:
Standard for Certification No.2.7-1 – Offshore Containers_April 2006
3292:. CSI Container Services International. January 2014. Archived from
2917:
8 ft 6 in length, 6 ft 3 in width and 6 ft
2237:
7524:
7453:
7432:
7422:
7384:
7369:
7343:
7316:
7290:
7269:
7061:
7006:
6737:
6667:
6592:
6582:
6567:
5388:"Possible consequences of a new European container standard (EILU)"
5043:
Sub-committee on Carriage of Cargoes and Containers (5 July 2019).
4745:
ISO 1496-1: Series 1 Freight Containers – Specification and Testing
4456:
ISO 1496-1: Series 1 Freight Containers – Specification and Testing
3377:
2841:
2712:
2706:
2680:
ISO 1496 – Series 1 freight containers – Specification and testing
2354:
2315:
2257:
2203:
1967:
enabling shippers to consolidate more cargo into fewer containers.
1708:
containers are also slightly wider to optimise them for the use of
298:
275:
97:
5717:
5101:
Container Weight: Overweight container guide – UK P&I Club.htm
4693:"Containerized sea freight: is it time to switch from TEU to FEU?"
942:
819:
stabilize the ship and to prevent crushing the bottom containers.
7509:
7389:
7379:
7171:
7051:
6867:
6522:
6517:
5718:
Bicon Transport Storage Units – Charleston Marine Containers Inc.
5668:"Oceanex Invests $ 8 Million to Expand its Refrigerated Services"
2757:
2751:
2742:
2703:
ISO 3874:1997 Series 1 freight containers – Handling and securing
2668:
2350:
2104:
2012:
1174:
814:
are stacking them ten or eleven high. Moreover, vessels like the
757:
407:
258:
231:
6017:"Scientists to study effects of shipping containers lost at sea"
4361:"40ft High Cubes set to Dominate the Container Equipment Market"
2695:
ISO 1496-5:1991 – Part 5: Platform and platform based containers
2692:
ISO 1496-4:1991 – Part 4: Non-pressurized container for dry bulk
806:
of containers rated at 24,000 kg (53,000 lb), current
418:
opened the Little Eaton Gangway, upon which coal was carried in
7417:
7274:
6822:
6787:
6672:
6637:
6617:
6612:
6587:
6572:
6547:
6542:
5385:
4923:"COSCO develops tech to transform pulp ship into a car carrier"
4619:
4230:"Shipping companies box clever to overcome container shortages"
3979:"The history of the metal box that's wrecking the supply chain"
3518:[Predecessors of today's containers: pa, BT and B900].
3055:, and chair of ISO Technical committee 104, subcommittee SC 1:
2656:
Tamper seal on the door locking bar handles of an ISO container
2319:
1095:
419:
266:
160:
6931:
6451:
Bureau International des Containers et du Transport Intermodal
6385:, East Windsor, New Jersey, Commonwealth Business Media, 2006
5839:
Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies
5271:
41ft Refrigerated Container | Up to 40 temp-controlled pallets
4256:"World Container Fleet - CSI Container Services International"
2745: – shipping container being tracked by the BBC for a year
926:, an indentation in the floor structure, that meshes with the
627:
Every international shipping container must have a "CSC-Plate"
376:
Side of Vietnam era U.S. Army steel 'CONEX' box container (3D)
6647:
6460:
6348:
6110:"A cruise missile in a shipping box on sale to rogue bidders"
3860:
3749:
3703:. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p.
2709::1995 Freight containers – Coding, identification and marking
1064:
970:
A flat-rack container loaded with a small vessel loaded by a
487:(lit. "Loading chests"), in use since 1934. This system used
423:
6450:
5830:
Wisinee Wisetjindawat; Hiroki Oiwa; Motohiro Fujita (2015).
2248:
Containers are transferred between rail, truck, and ship by
56:
may be in need of reorganization to comply with Knowledge's
6887:
6597:
6430:, Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press, 2006.
5985:"World Shipping Council Containers Lost at Sea 2014 Update"
4576:"GTRI Develops New Technologies to Secure Cargo Containers"
4363:. Drewry Shipping Consultants. 18 June 2014. Archived from
2870: – Stora Enso Cargo Unit, a type of shipping container
2754: – Food/retail park made from shipping containers Mall
2662:
2284:
allow transfer to and from trucks with no extra equipment.
310:
27:
Standardized reusable steel box used for transporting goods
4725:
U.S. Army 20-ft ISO container in Pohang, South Korea, 2013
3572:[Organizational Requirements Use the ACTS System]
3545:[Loading bin transport] (in Dutch). Archived from
1999:
announced deployment of what they claimed to be the first
595:, to form a container shipping enterprise, later known as
6752:
6742:
6732:
6577:
6532:
5531:"53ft High Cube Container | 53' High Cube Container"
5217:"53ft High Cube Container | 53' High Cube Container"
2821: – military standard of the United States of America
1810:
containers a usable internal floor width of 2.40 m (
7253:
6296:
4766:
4032:
3957:
3945:
3933:
3752:, p. 10, "The dimensions of the CONEX II are 75 by
3737:
2844: – Temporary mall in Christchurch, New Zealand Mall
2770: – Ship that carries cargo in intermodal containers
2727:
ISO/PAS 17712:2006 Freight containers – Mechanical seals
665:
139:, meaning these containers can be used across different
6297:
van Ham, Hans; van Ham, J.C.; Rijsenbrij, Joan (2012).
5490:
5488:
5336:
Shipping Container Dimensions - Container Container.com
5320:
Pallet wide containers – ShippingAndFreightResource.com
2861: – auxiliary vehicle used to transport heavy goods
1029:, for liquids, gases, or powders. Frequently these are
1004:
rolling-floor containers, for difficult-to-handle cargo
641:
followed suit between California and Hawaii. Just like
4978:. ICF Consulting, Ltd. 13 October 2003. Archived from
4308:"Miles to Go - Running Green content from Fleet Owner"
2730:
ISO 18185-2:2007 Freight containers – Electronic seals
962:
and an open-top 20 ft container with canvas cover
682:
Impact in worldwide supply shortage of 2020 to present
445:
4392:"Composition of the Global Fleet of Containers, 2008"
4075:. International Maritime Organisation. Archived from
3460:. Augustus M. Kelly Publishers. New York. 1979 p. 92
2140:
12-foot (3.66 m) the 19D-type container used by
1007:
garmentainers, for shipping garments on hangers (GOH)
659:
Inter-governmental Maritime Consultative Organization
5912:"New markings of intermodal loading units in Europe"
5754:
Quadcon Dry Freight Container – Maloy Mobile Storage
5485:
3335:
3333:
3280:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3270:
2885: – Methods of organizing and loading containers
2872:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
2863:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
2837:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
2823:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
2747:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
1841:
As a result, while being virtually interchangeable:
1659:
per ISO 668:2013, amendment 1 (2016)
1106:, Guide for Certification of Offshore Containers by
6271:"Göttingen: 4 World War II bombs prompt evacuation"
5736:
Tricon Dry Freight Container – Maloy Mobile Storage
5245:
Shipping Container Dimensions – Container Container
4140:
4138:
4136:
3832:
3561:
3516:"Vorläufer der heutigen Container: pa, BT und B900"
2979:Up from an estimated 34.5 million TEU in 2013
2422:
2349:When carried by rail, containers may be carried on
1162:, 2nd edition; last reviewed and confirmed in 2016.
637:, started container shipping on the US East Coast,
631:Two years after McLean's first container ship, the
5494:
4755:. 1990. pp. 8, 13, 20. Part 1. Archived from
4483:
3694:
3235:
3233:
3231:
3229:
3227:
2798: – British railway company's goods containers
1715:
611:mechanism that connects with the corner castings.
5497:"Carrying Capacity of Containers (in cubic feet)"
4163:Partners, McAlinden Research (16 November 2020).
4117:
4115:
4113:
3570:"Wymagania Organizacyjne Stosowania Systemu ACTS"
3458:British Goods Wagons from 1887 to the Present Day
3330:
3267:
2370:runs double-stacked containers on flatcars under
222:closed rectangular boxes, made of rust-retardant
7587:
5406:
5404:
5402:
5400:
4386:
4384:
4382:
4133:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3126:
2456:Methods of securing containers or internal loads
1023:, and/or heated containers, for perishable goods
135:) is a large metal crate designed and built for
6108:Correspondent, Thomas Harding (25 April 2010).
5575:
5080:
5078:
3456:Essery, R. J, Rowland. D. P. & Steel W. O.
3224:
2908:Up from an estimated 18.6 million in 2011
2631:has deployed containers for the disablement of
2506:Polyester strapping and dunnage bag application
2117:carried in the space of 4 standard containers.
1886: in) wide, but others can be 2.50 m (
1119:Offshore containers and associated lifting sets
779:About 90% of the world's containers are either
466:
6408:International Organization for Standardization
5614:. Piraeus, Greece. 28 May 2015. Archived from
4423:
4421:
4110:
3972:
3970:
3968:
3966:
3908:"How the invention of a box changed our world"
3654:
3652:
3650:
3463:
3136:
2879: – Heavy duty container used for shipping
2850: – Heavy duty container used for shipping
1986:
364:, showing four different UIC-590 pa-containers
228:International Organization for Standardization
67:to make improvements to the overall structure.
7239:
6962:
6476:
6107:
5397:
5282:SCF: 41ft Refrigerated Container brochure.pdf
5114:
5112:
5110:
5108:
5001:"Containers – Talk about a revolution !"
4379:
4129:– via Admiralty and Maritime Law Guide.
3370:"Container Shipping – Statistics & Facts"
3123:
2103:, with sizes that correspond with (previous)
1699:
289:, whether gaseous, liquid, or solid—e.g., by
257:innovations of the American shipping company
5880:"Defense Transportation Regulation –Part VI"
5435:
5203:"Georgia Storage Containers: Specifications"
5169:
5119:Size and weight limit laws – TechnoGroup USA
5075:
5038:
5036:
4994:
4992:
4466:. 1990. pp. 4–5. Part 1. Archived from
4191:"Container Shortage – The Reasons Behind It"
4098:International Convention for Safe Containers
3996:Cudahy, Brian J. (September–December 2006).
3883:. Princeton University Press. Archived from
3419:"Frequently Asked Questions - Modeling Eras"
2940:Some sources also mention a 12-foot version.
2686:ISO 1496-2:2008 – Part 2: Thermal containers
2674:ISO 830:1999 Freight containers – Vocabulary
2442:(also known as "air bags") are used to keep
2210:
2120:
1924:
1128:
607:for handling the containers, as well as the
402:beginning in the late 18th century. In 1766
167:. These containers are known by many names:
5533:. Container Technology, Inc. Archived from
5345:
5343:
5331:
5329:
5327:
5315:
5313:
5311:
5240:
5238:
5123:
4418:
4214:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
4047:"Sea freight – somehow antique yet modern!"
3963:
3647:
3567:
3469:
3173:"M: MILVAN : military van (container)"
3086:
2776: – Intermodal freight transport system
2202:Each container is allocated a standardized
678:heard this case and ruled against the ILA.
7246:
7232:
6969:
6955:
6483:
6469:
5960:
5386:Frederik Hallbjörner; Claes Tyrén (2004).
5105:
5096:
5094:
5092:
4857:. 3plnews.com. 7 July 2010. Archived from
4686:
4684:
4682:
4680:
4637:
4635:
4633:
4447:
4188:
2931: in height, and 9000 lb capacity
2647:
2528:
1921:40-foot units, for stacking and securing.
1792: in) over the ISO-usual 2.34 m (
696:shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic
398:Containerization has its origins in early
6976:
5791:Quadcon and Tricon – Maloy Mobile Storage
5581:
5413:"APL Introduces 53 Foot Ocean Containers"
5197:
5195:
5193:
5033:
4998:
4989:
4736:
4323:
4321:
3490:
2322:. Costs for transport are calculated in
826:Container capacity is often expressed in
83:Learn how and when to remove this message
5963:"Rlys reaches higher, sets world record"
5686:
5684:
5340:
5324:
5308:
5235:
5052:(6th session; Agenda item 13 ed.).
4520:"The Triple-E A larger-than-life puzzle"
4162:
4033:van Ham, van Ham & Rijsenbrij (2012)
3976:
3958:van Ham, van Ham & Rijsenbrij (2012)
3946:van Ham, van Ham & Rijsenbrij (2012)
3934:van Ham, van Ham & Rijsenbrij (2012)
3803:
3738:van Ham, van Ham & Rijsenbrij (2012)
3692:
3437:The Little Eaton Gangway and Derby Canal
2815: – American military vehicle family
2651:
2569:
2532:
2417:
2388:
2333:
2236:
2189:
2073:
2061:
1957:
1928:
1854:
1724:Two 45-foot 'High-cube' containers on a
1719:
1145:
1094:use have a few different features, like
1059:
965:
949:
941:
790:
735:
724:
672:International Longshoremen's Association
622:
108:
96:
5584:"APL Abandons 53-Foot Ocean Containers"
5463:
5089:
4690:
4677:
4641:
4630:
4152:– via Justia: U.S. Supreme Court.
3905:
1778: in), (a gain of ~10 centimetres (
648:
344:Transferring freight containers on the
14:
7588:
7185:Container Shipping Information Service
6381:Donovan, Arthur & Bonney, Joseph.
6210:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
5555:
5190:
5063:from the original on 16 September 2021
4318:
3995:
3977:Heilweil, Rebecca (14 December 2021).
3540:
2194:Various markings on the rear end of a
2129:Gallery: Small container size examples
2111:
7227:
6950:
6464:
6401:(2013), describes typical sea voyage
6227:"No. 2879: Empty Shipping Containers"
6090:from the original on 3 September 2016
5943:TandemLoc – ISO Container Information
5681:
5410:
4879:
4791:. CMA CGM Group. 2006. Archived from
4700:Transportation and Logistics Analysis
3658:
2958:Originally "COR-TEN", a trademark of
1962:Swift 53 ft intermodal container
1953:
1941:
1668:
1203:
1067:has developed a car container carrier
666:Impact of industry changes on workers
6921:
6683:Flexible intermediate bulk container
6161:from the original on 19 October 2016
5592:. Newark, New Jersey. Archived from
5357:from the original on 24 October 2016
4568:
3872:
3861:Monograph 7: Containerization (1970)
3750:Monograph 7: Containerization (1970)
3053:International Container Bureau (BIC)
2523:
1824: in), compared to 2.00 m (
694:of 2020 and 2021, and the resulting
473:ZĂĽrich Tiefenbrunnen railway station
346:London, Midland and Scottish Railway
105:for hoisting, stacking, and securing
40:
34:. For the packaging in general, see
7002:Bureau International des Containers
6084:""operating Room in a Box" Unfolds"
5772:A 20-foot module of USAU containers
5139:. 15 September 2005. Archived from
5054:International Maritime Organization
4545:
4282:"Shipping Container Homes Globally"
4044:
3875:"Chapter 1: The World the Box Made"
3833:Michael J. Everhart (7 July 2014).
2213:Bureau International des Containers
2006:
917:
481:Bureau International des Containers
452:Bureau International des Containers
446:Creation of international standards
113:Containers stacked on a large ship.
24:
6375:
6245:"Glossary of Military Terminology"
6116:from the original on 23 March 2016
5961:Raghvendra, Rao (26 August 2008).
5501:The Geography of Transport Systems
5464:Blaszak, Michael W. (1 May 2006).
5443:"Container Dimensions 48' and 53'"
5085:Draft Amendment ISO 668:2020/DAM 1
4522:. 5 September 2014. Archived from
4490:The Geography of Transport Systems
4396:The Geography of Transport Systems
3543:"Laadkistvervoer – Langs de rails"
3143:The Geography of Transport Systems
3139:"World Container Production, 2007"
3080:
2622:
1056:Platform based containers such as:
756:(commonly known as CorTen) with a
676:Supreme Court of the United States
576:, he modified the design of their
430:, which Outram had also promoted.
25:
7617:
6444:
5558:"Big Boxes bring Big Questions –"
5175:
4772:
4691:Ricqles, Jerome de (6 May 2019).
4014:from the original on 4 March 2016
3696:"Chapter 7: Setting the Standard"
2302:Containers can be transported by
2185:
1214:Common North American containers
1211:ISO (global) standard containers
1141:
7207:
7020:
6930:
6920:
6911:
6910:
6263:
6237:
6219:
6172:
6147:
6101:
6076:
6065:
6051:
6037:
6023:
6009:
5977:
5954:
5936:
5904:
5872:
5823:
5802:
5784:
5765:
5747:
5729:
5711:
5660:
5630:
5612:Hellenic Shipping News Worldwide
5600:
5556:Joiner, Eric (5 November 2007).
5549:
5523:
5457:
5379:
5368:
5286:
4999:Hennemand, Michel (April 2012).
4880:Jacob, Munden (14 August 2018).
4600:. Shipping-container-housing.com
4598:"The 20 Foot Shipping Container"
3513:
3421:. 14 August 2015. Archived from
3286:"World Container Fleet Overview"
3089:Packaging Technology and Science
2883:Stowage plan for container ships
2785:Customs Convention on Containers
2511:
2499:
2487:
2472:
2460:
2423:Securing containers and contents
2173:
2161:
2149:
2133:
2057:
1688:44,500 lb (20,200 kg)
1683:44,000 lb (20,000 kg)
1015:Temperature controlled – either
893:
884:
875:
866:
760:floor. Although corrugating the
435:Liverpool and Manchester Railway
410:Delph (quarry) to Manchester by
381:
369:
353:
337:
45:
7281:British railway milk tank wagon
7190:Shipping container architecture
6300:Development of Containerization
5696:, 27 April 2017, archived from
5411:Crowe, Paul (2 November 2007).
5275:
5264:
5249:
5209:
5155:
5027:
4965:
4947:
4929:
4915:
4904:
4873:
4847:
4821:
4810:
4778:
4718:
4666:
4612:
4590:
4578:. PhysOrg.com. 7 September 2009
4530:
4512:
4477:
4353:
4300:
4274:
4248:
4222:
4189:cameronc86 (31 December 2020).
4182:
4156:
4091:
4065:
4038:
3989:
3899:
3866:
3826:
3797:
3686:
3629:U.S. Army Transportation Museum
3613:
3596:
3568:Lewandowski, Krzysztof (2014).
3534:
3522:(in German) (Special 54): 12–19
3507:
3470:Lewandowski, Krzysztof (2014).
3450:
3429:
3411:
3396:
3362:
3062:
3045:
3008:
2999:
2982:
2973:
2964:
2952:
2943:
2934:
2911:
2600:Shipping container architecture
1750: in) long by 0.80 m (
1716:European pallet wide containers
1160:Freight containers – Vocabulary
842:global logistics data analysis
798:on the corner of a road trailer
692:2021 global supply chain crisis
521:International Union of Railways
6490:
6383:The Box That Changed the World
6155:"Water treatment in container"
5644:. 16 June 2015. Archived from
5294:"Standard Shipping Containers"
5260:Federal Highway Administration
4837:Orient Overseas Container Line
4429:"Section 3.1 Container design"
4310:. 26 July 2015. Archived from
3906:Gittins, Ross (12 June 2006).
3308:
3194:
3165:
2902:
2614:Intermodal containers are not
2565:
1694:
1129:§ Containerized equipment
720:
614:
593:Pan-Atlantic Steamship Company
530:The use of standardized steel
400:coal mining regions in England
360:Freight car in railway museum
13:
1:
6350:Monograph 7: Containerization
4642:Wackett, Mike (7 July 2015).
4486:"Evolution of Containerships"
3631:. 15 May 2013. Archived from
3439:(Second ed.). Oakwood Press.
3074:
2780:Container port design process
2494:Polyester lashing application
808:Ultra Large Container Vessels
6997:Intermodal freight transport
6718:Insulated shipping container
4817:ISO Container Type Group.pdf
2324:twenty-foot equivalent units
2298:Intermodal freight transport
2291:
2066:Tri-con being loaded onto a
828:twenty-foot equivalent units
810:of the Post New Panamax and
467:Mid 20th century innovations
137:intermodal freight transport
7:
7012:Twenty-foot equivalent unit
6843:Self-heating food packaging
6723:Intermediate bulk container
5810:"Specialty Intermodal Cars"
5642:Jacksonville Port Authority
5582:JOC staff (15 March 2013).
5495:Jean-Paul Rodrigue (2006).
4484:Jean-Paul Rodrigue (2013).
4169:McAlinden Research Partners
3625:www.transportation.army.mil
2807:Intermediate bulk container
2791:Double-stack rail transport
2735:
2232:
1987:Canadian 60-foot containers
1108:American Bureau of Shipping
1036:Bulk containers (sometimes
909:Gooseneck container trailer
568:From 1949 onward, engineer
10:
7622:
5011:(4): 21–22. Archived from
4936:4FOLD – Foldable Container
3812:. AuthorHouse. p. 7.
3057:General purpose containers
2835: – shipping container
2828:New York Central container
2554:surface-to-surface missile
2426:
2338:40 foot containers on the
2295:
1710:Australia Standard Pallets
1700:Australian RACE containers
587:In 1955, trucking magnate
505: in Ă— 6 ft
438:1780s, at places like the
393:
324:
320:
29:
7487:
7357:
7295:
7262:
7203:
7157:
7126:
7093:Rubber tyred gantry crane
7070:
7029:
7018:
6984:
6906:
6498:
5640:. Jacksonville, Florida:
5165:. ISO. 11 September 2017.
4107:(Geneva, 2 December 1972)
3913:The Sydney Morning Herald
3804:Flanagan, Robert (2011).
3604:National Research Council
2375:overhead electrical wires
2359:double-stacked containers
2211:
2121:Japan: 12-foot containers
1925:North American containers
1872:to be just 2.462 m (
1685:
1673:
1661:
1654:
1649:
1612:
1575:
1568:
1558:
1553:
1518:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1491:
1486:
1476:
1469:
1450:
1431:
1421:
1402:
1349:
1334:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1307:
1302:
1277:
1250:
1213:
1210:
993:containers – in fact the
860:Bottom structure features
701:Marc Levinson, author of
477:Swiss Museum of Transport
461:Wall Street Crash of 1929
5796:14 February 2015 at the
5723:8 September 2015 at the
3835:"My Vietnam Tour – 1970"
3608:The container revolution
3241:"Global Container Fleet"
2896:
2813:Logistics Vehicle System
2518:Application in container
2280:, tilt deck trucks, and
1997:Canadian Pacific Railway
1948:American President Lines
937:
711:, said in an interview:
7349:Wagon with opening roof
6439:excerpt and text search
6403:excerpt and text search
5778:24 October 2016 at the
5589:The Journal of Commerce
4941:26 October 2016 at the
4786:"Selecting a Container"
4730:22 October 2016 at the
4556:. Event occurs at 1:23
3693:Levinson, Marc (2006).
3659:Heins, Matthew (2013).
3341:Container Supply Review
2648:International standards
2529:Containerized equipment
2329:
980:refrigerated containers
930:on dedicated container
7540:Revenue collection car
7195:Sun Modular Datacenter
7134:Refrigerated container
6936:WikiProject Containers
6698:Food storage container
5990:. 2014. Archived from
5948:30 August 2016 at the
5466:"Intermodal equipment"
5417:Export Logistics Guide
4337:. 2005. Archived from
3672:University of Michigan
3435:Ripley, David (1993).
3407:World Shipping Council
3348:World Shipping Council
3251:. 2013. Archived from
3249:World Shipping Council
2960:U.S. Steel Corporation
2657:
2609:Sun Modular Datacenter
2579:
2541:
2538:Hammelmann diesel unit
2401:
2394:
2384:
2346:
2268:, container jacks and
2245:
2199:
2083:
2071:
1963:
1934:
1860:
1729:
1151:
1112:International standard
1068:
975:
963:
947:
799:
745:
733:
718:
628:
114:
106:
7596:Intermodal containers
7488:Non-revenue equipment
7375:Class U special wagon
7257:freight rolling stock
6978:Intermodal containers
6643:Corrugated box design
5851:10.11175/easts.11.774
5759:11 April 2014 at the
5741:11 April 2014 at the
5296:. Container container
3350:. May 2011. p. 1
3245:www.worldshipping.org
3179:. MilitaryFactory.com
2655:
2573:
2549:(such as the Russian
2536:
2418:Securing and security
2392:
2337:
2240:
2193:
2077:
2065:
1961:
1932:
1858:
1723:
1547:3,830 cu ft
1542:3,454 cu ft
1537:3,040 cu ft
1532:2,660 cu ft
1527:2,385 cu ft
1522:1,169 cu ft
1149:
1063:
969:
953:
945:
812:Maersk Triple E class
794:
739:
728:
713:
662:stacking capability.
626:
309:, the lighter weight
112:
100:
7474:Specialized flatcars
7214:Transport portal
6728:Intermodal container
6086:. 9 September 2004.
6031:"Container Handbook"
5868:on 19 February 2020.
5135:(Technical report).
4959:22 July 2015 at the
4751:(Technical report).
4620:"Thanh Do Container"
4549:Episode 4: Mega Ship
4526:on 5 September 2014.
4462:(Technical report).
4333:(Technical report).
4148:NLRB v. Longshoremen
4125:NLRB v. Longshoremen
4103:5 March 2016 at the
3137:Jean-Paul Rodrigue.
2639:filled with sand or
2605:computer datacenters
2540:built into container
1671:legal truck weights
1576:Empty (tare) weight
1512:8 ft 10 in
1470:8 ft 11 in
1393:52 ft 5 in
1388:47 ft 5 in
1345:19 ft 3 in
649:Modern ISO standards
539:Transportation Corps
119:intermodal container
7606:Port infrastructure
7365:Bogie bolster wagon
7301:Covered goods wagon
7149:Flat rack container
7007:ISO 6346 (BIC code)
6688:Foam food container
6251:on 23 February 2015
6192:on 16 December 2011
5965:. IndianExpress.com
5511:on 3 September 2013
4985:on 11 October 2010.
4861:on 23 December 2016
4706:on 28 November 2020
4624:thanhdocontainer.vn
4406:on 21 November 2014
3492:10.22306/al.v1i4.25
3318:. Shipsbusiness.com
3212:on 29 November 2021
3177:Military Dictionary
3018:(General Purpose),
2802:Inter-box connector
2633:unexploded ordnance
2254:container terminals
2222:Shipping containers
2112:ABC bulk containers
1507:8 ft 5 in
1502:7 ft 5 in
1492:8 ft 2 in
1487:7 ft 6 in
1422:8 ft 2 in
1328:9 ft 6 in
1323:9 ft 6 in
1318:8 ft 6 in
1308:8 ft 6 in
574:Spokane, Washington
532:shipping containers
457:Enola, Pennsylvania
65:editing the article
7570:Track geometry car
7263:Enclosed equipment
7118:Container spreader
6898:Zipper storage bag
6848:Shipping container
6412:Freight containers
6139:has generic name (
5997:on 8 November 2020
5505:Hofstra University
5453:on 5 October 2014.
5423:on 4 November 2013
4798:on 11 January 2007
4773:ISO:668 (E) (2013)
4546:Hammond, Richard.
4494:Hofstra University
4433:Container Handbook
4400:Hofstra University
3887:on 22 January 2013
3425:on 14 August 2015.
3384:on 5 December 2014
3147:Hofstra University
2877:Shipping container
2658:
2580:
2574:Container City in
2542:
2395:
2347:
2246:
2200:
2084:
2072:
1964:
1954:53-foot containers
1942:48-foot containers
1935:
1861:
1730:
1152:
1131:for more details.
1100:Det Norske Veritas
1069:
976:
964:
948:
800:
746:
734:
629:
141:modes of transport
124:shipping container
115:
107:
36:Shipping container
7583:
7582:
7535:Rail adhesion car
7500:Ballast regulator
7479:Transporter wagon
7459:Rotary car dumper
7221:
7220:
6944:
6943:
6558:Biodegradable bag
6424:Levinson, Marc.
6391:978-1-891131-95-0
6314:978-1-6149-9146-5
6277:. 31 January 2021
6072:Hammelmann Diesel
6047:. 12 August 2019.
5351:"gesu4710896.jpg"
5186:on 31 March 2019.
5177:"ISO 668:2013(E)"
4925:. 22 August 2022.
4892:on 29 August 2018
4762:on 29 March 2014.
4473:on 29 March 2014.
4367:on 29 August 2014
4236:. 9 November 2020
4045:Bartsch, Butsri.
3819:978-1-4670-7295-3
3714:978-0-691-12324-0
3316:"Container sizes"
2990:center of gravity
2763:Container chassis
2547:missile launchers
2524:Non-shipping uses
2412:unit load devices
2266:straddle carriers
1806: in), gives
1692:
1691:
1686:Triaxle chassis:
1681:Triaxle chassis:
1123:IMO MSC/Circ. 860
639:Matson Navigation
489:roller containers
471:In April 1951 at
440:Bridgewater Canal
412:Bridgewater Canal
362:Bochum-Dahlhausen
315:unit load devices
232:standard 668:2020
121:, often called a
93:
92:
85:
58:layout guidelines
18:Container (cargo)
16:(Redirected from
7613:
7385:Double-stack car
7328:Refrigerated van
7322:Refrigerator car
7248:
7241:
7234:
7225:
7224:
7212:
7211:
7108:Terminal tractor
7103:Straddle carrier
7024:
6992:Containerization
6971:
6964:
6957:
6948:
6947:
6934:
6924:
6923:
6914:
6913:
6838:Self-heating can
6508:Aluminium bottle
6485:
6478:
6471:
6462:
6461:
6371:
6369:
6367:
6361:
6354:
6325:
6323:
6321:
6290:
6289:
6284:
6282:
6267:
6261:
6260:
6258:
6256:
6247:. Archived from
6241:
6235:
6234:
6223:
6217:
6215:
6209:
6201:
6199:
6197:
6191:
6185:. Archived from
6184:
6176:
6170:
6169:
6167:
6166:
6151:
6145:
6144:
6138:
6134:
6132:
6124:
6122:
6121:
6105:
6099:
6098:
6096:
6095:
6080:
6074:
6069:
6063:
6062:
6055:
6049:
6048:
6041:
6035:
6034:
6027:
6021:
6020:
6013:
6007:
6006:
6004:
6002:
5996:
5989:
5981:
5975:
5974:
5972:
5970:
5958:
5952:
5940:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5929:
5923:
5916:
5908:
5902:
5901:
5899:
5897:
5891:
5884:
5876:
5870:
5869:
5867:
5861:. Archived from
5836:
5827:
5821:
5820:
5818:
5816:
5806:
5800:
5788:
5782:
5769:
5763:
5751:
5745:
5733:
5727:
5715:
5709:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5688:
5679:
5678:
5676:
5674:
5664:
5658:
5657:
5655:
5653:
5634:
5628:
5627:
5625:
5623:
5604:
5598:
5597:
5579:
5573:
5572:
5570:
5568:
5553:
5547:
5546:
5544:
5542:
5527:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5516:
5507:. Archived from
5492:
5483:
5482:
5480:
5478:
5461:
5455:
5454:
5449:. Archived from
5439:
5433:
5432:
5430:
5428:
5419:. Archived from
5408:
5395:
5394:
5393:. master thesis.
5392:
5383:
5377:
5372:
5366:
5365:
5363:
5362:
5347:
5338:
5333:
5322:
5317:
5306:
5305:
5303:
5301:
5290:
5284:
5279:
5273:
5268:
5262:
5253:
5247:
5242:
5233:
5232:
5230:
5228:
5223:on 10 April 2021
5219:. Archived from
5213:
5207:
5206:
5199:
5188:
5187:
5185:
5179:. Archived from
5173:
5167:
5166:
5159:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5148:
5127:
5121:
5116:
5103:
5098:
5087:
5082:
5073:
5072:
5070:
5068:
5062:
5056:. pp. 1–2.
5051:
5040:
5031:
5025:
5024:
5022:
5020:
4996:
4987:
4986:
4984:
4977:
4969:
4963:
4951:
4945:
4933:
4927:
4926:
4919:
4913:
4908:
4902:
4901:
4899:
4897:
4888:. Archived from
4877:
4871:
4870:
4868:
4866:
4851:
4845:
4844:
4843:on 5 March 2010.
4839:. Archived from
4825:
4819:
4814:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4803:
4797:
4790:
4782:
4776:
4770:
4764:
4763:
4761:
4750:
4740:
4734:
4722:
4716:
4715:
4713:
4711:
4702:. Archived from
4688:
4675:
4670:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4659:
4650:. Archived from
4639:
4628:
4627:
4616:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4594:
4588:
4587:
4585:
4583:
4572:
4566:
4565:
4563:
4561:
4534:
4528:
4527:
4516:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4505:
4500:on 22 March 2015
4496:. Archived from
4481:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4461:
4451:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4440:
4425:
4416:
4415:
4413:
4411:
4402:. Archived from
4388:
4377:
4376:
4374:
4372:
4357:
4351:
4350:
4348:
4346:
4325:
4316:
4315:
4314:on 26 July 2015.
4304:
4298:
4297:
4295:
4293:
4284:. Archived from
4278:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4267:
4258:. Archived from
4252:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4226:
4220:
4219:
4213:
4205:
4203:
4201:
4186:
4180:
4179:
4177:
4175:
4160:
4154:
4153:
4142:
4131:
4130:
4119:
4108:
4095:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4084:
4069:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4058:
4049:. Archived from
4042:
4036:
4030:
4024:
4023:
4021:
4019:
4013:
4007:. No. 246.
4002:
3993:
3987:
3986:
3974:
3961:
3955:
3949:
3943:
3937:
3931:
3925:
3924:
3922:
3920:
3903:
3897:
3896:
3894:
3892:
3873:Levinson, Marc.
3870:
3864:
3863:, pp. 9–11.
3858:
3849:
3848:
3843:
3841:
3830:
3824:
3823:
3806:"Fleeing G.o.D."
3801:
3795:
3793:
3792:
3788:
3785:
3779:
3778:
3774:
3771:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3757:
3747:
3741:
3735:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3721:
3698:
3690:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3679:
3670:(dissertation).
3665:
3656:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3640:
3617:
3611:
3600:
3594:
3593:
3575:
3565:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3554:
3538:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3511:
3505:
3504:
3494:
3476:
3467:
3461:
3454:
3448:
3433:
3427:
3426:
3415:
3409:
3400:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3389:
3366:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3345:
3337:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3301:
3282:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3237:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3217:
3208:. Archived from
3206:ArmyProperty.com
3198:
3192:
3191:
3186:
3184:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3158:
3149:. Archived from
3134:
3121:
3120:
3101:10.1002/pts.2231
3095:(8–9): 451–478.
3084:
3069:
3066:
3060:
3049:
3043:
3034:(Refrigerated),
3012:
3006:
3003:
2997:
2986:
2980:
2977:
2971:
2968:
2962:
2956:
2950:
2947:
2941:
2938:
2932:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2922:
2915:
2909:
2906:
2873:
2864:
2854:Roller container
2838:
2824:
2774:Containerization
2748:
2585:Conex containers
2515:
2503:
2491:
2476:
2464:
2250:container cranes
2216:
2215:
2177:
2165:
2153:
2137:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2007:Small containers
1977:roll-on/roll-off
1916:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1900: in) wide.
1899:
1898:
1894:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1880:
1877:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1815:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1783:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1755:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1736:of 1.20 m (
1726:roll-on/roll-off
1663:Not standardized
1613:Common net load
1519:Internal volume
1464:
1463:
1459:
1456:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1374:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1226:standard height
1221:standard height
1201:
1200:
1121:, in support of
1104:Lloyd's Register
924:gooseneck tunnel
918:Gooseneck tunnel
905:gooseneck tunnel
897:
888:
879:
870:
754:weathering steel
601:Keith Tantlinger
570:Keith Tantlinger
560:
559:
555:
552:
518:
517:
513:
510:
504:
503:
499:
496:
385:
373:
357:
341:
327:Containerization
283:break bulk cargo
278:reporting mark.
255:containerization
88:
81:
77:
74:
68:
49:
48:
41:
21:
7621:
7620:
7616:
7615:
7614:
7612:
7611:
7610:
7586:
7585:
7584:
7579:
7565:Tamping machine
7550:Rotary snowplow
7495:Ballast cleaner
7483:
7413:Kangourou wagon
7370:Chauldron wagon
7353:
7312:Livestock wagon
7258:
7252:
7222:
7217:
7206:
7199:
7153:
7122:
7083:Container crane
7066:
7025:
7016:
6980:
6975:
6945:
6940:
6902:
6863:Square milk jug
6803:Pressure vessel
6494:
6489:
6447:
6378:
6376:Further reading
6365:
6363:
6362:on 21 July 2015
6359:
6352:
6319:
6317:
6315:
6293:
6280:
6278:
6269:
6268:
6264:
6254:
6252:
6243:
6242:
6238:
6225:
6224:
6220:
6203:
6202:
6195:
6193:
6189:
6182:
6180:"Archived copy"
6178:
6177:
6173:
6164:
6162:
6153:
6152:
6148:
6136:
6135:
6126:
6125:
6119:
6117:
6106:
6102:
6093:
6091:
6082:
6081:
6077:
6070:
6066:
6057:
6056:
6052:
6043:
6042:
6038:
6029:
6028:
6024:
6019:. 9 March 2011.
6015:
6014:
6010:
6000:
5998:
5994:
5987:
5983:
5982:
5978:
5968:
5966:
5959:
5955:
5950:Wayback Machine
5941:
5937:
5927:
5925:
5924:on 2 April 2012
5921:
5914:
5910:
5909:
5905:
5895:
5893:
5892:on 23 July 2015
5889:
5882:
5878:
5877:
5873:
5865:
5834:
5828:
5824:
5814:
5812:
5808:
5807:
5803:
5798:Wayback Machine
5789:
5785:
5780:Wayback Machine
5770:
5766:
5761:Wayback Machine
5752:
5748:
5743:Wayback Machine
5734:
5730:
5725:Wayback Machine
5716:
5712:
5703:
5701:
5690:
5689:
5682:
5672:
5670:
5666:
5665:
5661:
5651:
5649:
5648:on 24 July 2015
5636:
5635:
5631:
5621:
5619:
5618:on 24 July 2015
5606:
5605:
5601:
5596:on 15 May 2013.
5580:
5576:
5566:
5564:
5562:Freightdawg.com
5554:
5550:
5540:
5538:
5529:
5528:
5524:
5514:
5512:
5493:
5486:
5476:
5474:
5471:Trains Magazine
5462:
5458:
5441:
5440:
5436:
5426:
5424:
5409:
5398:
5390:
5384:
5380:
5373:
5369:
5360:
5358:
5349:
5348:
5341:
5334:
5325:
5318:
5309:
5299:
5297:
5292:
5291:
5287:
5280:
5276:
5269:
5265:
5254:
5250:
5243:
5236:
5226:
5224:
5215:
5214:
5210:
5201:
5200:
5191:
5183:
5174:
5170:
5161:
5160:
5156:
5146:
5144:
5143:on 6 March 2016
5129:
5128:
5124:
5117:
5106:
5099:
5090:
5083:
5076:
5066:
5064:
5060:
5049:
5041:
5034:
5028:
5018:
5016:
5015:on 18 July 2015
4997:
4990:
4982:
4975:
4971:
4970:
4966:
4961:Wayback Machine
4952:
4948:
4943:Wayback Machine
4934:
4930:
4921:
4920:
4916:
4909:
4905:
4895:
4893:
4878:
4874:
4864:
4862:
4853:
4852:
4848:
4829:"Garmentainers"
4827:
4826:
4822:
4815:
4811:
4801:
4799:
4795:
4788:
4784:
4783:
4779:
4771:
4767:
4759:
4748:
4742:
4741:
4737:
4732:Wayback Machine
4723:
4719:
4709:
4707:
4689:
4678:
4671:
4667:
4657:
4655:
4654:on 18 July 2015
4640:
4631:
4618:
4617:
4613:
4603:
4601:
4596:
4595:
4591:
4581:
4579:
4574:
4573:
4569:
4559:
4557:
4542:Wayback Machine
4535:
4531:
4518:
4517:
4513:
4503:
4501:
4482:
4478:
4470:
4459:
4453:
4452:
4448:
4438:
4436:
4427:
4426:
4419:
4409:
4407:
4390:
4389:
4380:
4370:
4368:
4359:
4358:
4354:
4344:
4342:
4341:on 6 March 2016
4327:
4326:
4319:
4306:
4305:
4301:
4291:
4289:
4280:
4279:
4275:
4265:
4263:
4262:on 8 March 2022
4254:
4253:
4249:
4239:
4237:
4228:
4227:
4223:
4207:
4206:
4199:
4197:
4187:
4183:
4173:
4171:
4161:
4157:
4150:, 447 U.S. 490"
4144:
4143:
4134:
4127:, 447 U.S. 490"
4121:
4120:
4111:
4105:Wayback Machine
4096:
4092:
4082:
4080:
4079:on 10 July 2013
4071:
4070:
4066:
4056:
4054:
4043:
4039:
4031:
4027:
4017:
4015:
4011:
4000:
3994:
3990:
3975:
3964:
3956:
3952:
3944:
3940:
3932:
3928:
3918:
3916:
3904:
3900:
3890:
3888:
3871:
3867:
3859:
3852:
3839:
3837:
3831:
3827:
3820:
3802:
3798:
3790:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3776:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3762:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3748:
3744:
3736:
3729:
3719:
3717:
3715:
3691:
3687:
3677:
3675:
3663:
3657:
3648:
3638:
3636:
3635:on 20 July 2015
3619:
3618:
3614:
3601:
3597:
3578:Pojazdy Szynowe
3573:
3566:
3562:
3552:
3550:
3549:on 20 July 2015
3539:
3535:
3525:
3523:
3512:
3508:
3474:
3468:
3464:
3455:
3451:
3434:
3430:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3401:
3397:
3387:
3385:
3368:
3367:
3363:
3353:
3351:
3343:
3339:
3338:
3331:
3321:
3319:
3314:
3313:
3309:
3299:
3297:
3296:on 8 March 2022
3284:
3283:
3268:
3258:
3256:
3239:
3238:
3225:
3215:
3213:
3200:
3199:
3195:
3182:
3180:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3156:
3154:
3135:
3124:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3063:
3050:
3046:
3013:
3009:
3004:
3000:
2987:
2983:
2978:
2974:
2969:
2965:
2957:
2953:
2948:
2944:
2939:
2935:
2927:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2916:
2912:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2894:
2871:
2862:
2836:
2822:
2746:
2738:
2733:
2650:
2625:
2623:Single-time use
2568:
2531:
2526:
2519:
2516:
2507:
2504:
2495:
2492:
2483:
2477:
2468:
2465:
2431:
2425:
2420:
2404:
2387:
2368:Indian Railways
2361:. However, the
2332:
2300:
2294:
2235:
2188:
2181:
2178:
2169:
2166:
2157:
2154:
2145:
2138:
2123:
2114:
2060:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2022:
2018:
2017:
2009:
1991:In April 2017,
1989:
1956:
1944:
1927:
1913:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1882:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1788:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1774:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1718:
1702:
1697:
1687:
1682:
1675:
1670:
1658:
1657:79,000 lb
1656:
1651:
1645:56,090 lb
1644:
1640:56,350 lb
1639:
1635:62,800 lb
1634:
1630:58,522 lb
1629:
1625:58,820 lb
1624:
1620:62,350 lb
1619:
1614:
1608:11,110 lb
1607:
1603:10,850 lb
1602:
1598:10,000 lb
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1571:67,200 lb
1570:
1566:73,000 lb
1565:
1561:67,200 lb
1560:
1555:
1554:Common maximum
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1493:
1488:
1480:
1478:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1346:
1338:
1336:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1309:
1304:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1252:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1207:
1205:
1158:ISO 830:(1999)
1144:
1090:Containers for
1031:dangerous goods
1027:Tank containers
940:
920:
915:
914:
913:
912:
900:
899:
898:
890:
889:
881:
880:
872:
871:
862:
861:
834:, or sometimes
770:cardboard boxes
766:corrugated iron
723:
684:
668:
651:
617:
582:Ocean Van Lines
557:
553:
550:
548:
515:
511:
508:
506:
501:
497:
494:
492:
469:
448:
416:Benjamin Outram
396:
389:
386:
377:
374:
365:
358:
349:
342:
333:
325:Main articles:
323:
263:cardboard boxes
143:– such as from
129:cargo container
89:
78:
72:
69:
63:Please help by
62:
50:
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7619:
7609:
7608:
7603:
7598:
7581:
7580:
7578:
7577:
7572:
7567:
7562:
7557:
7555:Scale test car
7552:
7547:
7542:
7537:
7532:
7527:
7522:
7517:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7497:
7491:
7489:
7485:
7484:
7482:
7481:
7476:
7471:
7466:
7461:
7456:
7451:
7446:
7441:
7435:
7430:
7425:
7420:
7415:
7410:
7405:
7399:
7393:
7387:
7382:
7377:
7372:
7367:
7361:
7359:
7358:Open equipment
7355:
7354:
7352:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7325:
7319:
7314:
7309:
7307:Covered hopper
7304:
7298:
7296:Intermodal car
7293:
7288:
7283:
7278:
7272:
7266:
7264:
7260:
7259:
7255:Rail transport
7251:
7250:
7243:
7236:
7228:
7219:
7218:
7204:
7201:
7200:
7198:
7197:
7192:
7187:
7182:
7174:
7169:
7161:
7159:
7155:
7154:
7152:
7151:
7146:
7144:Tank container
7141:
7136:
7130:
7128:
7124:
7123:
7121:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7078:Container port
7074:
7072:
7068:
7067:
7065:
7064:
7059:
7054:
7049:
7044:
7042:Container ship
7039:
7033:
7031:
7027:
7026:
7019:
7017:
7015:
7014:
7009:
7004:
6999:
6994:
6988:
6986:
6982:
6981:
6974:
6973:
6966:
6959:
6951:
6942:
6941:
6939:
6938:
6928:
6918:
6907:
6904:
6903:
6901:
6900:
6895:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6875:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6783:Plastic bottle
6780:
6775:
6770:
6765:
6760:
6755:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6715:
6710:
6705:
6700:
6695:
6693:Folding carton
6690:
6685:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6585:
6580:
6575:
6570:
6565:
6560:
6555:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6530:
6528:Antistatic bag
6525:
6520:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6499:
6496:
6495:
6488:
6487:
6480:
6473:
6465:
6459:
6458:
6453:
6446:
6445:External links
6443:
6442:
6441:
6422:
6405:
6395:George, Rose.
6393:
6377:
6374:
6373:
6372:
6346:
6313:
6292:
6291:
6275:Deutsche Welle
6262:
6236:
6218:
6171:
6146:
6100:
6075:
6064:
6050:
6036:
6022:
6008:
5976:
5953:
5935:
5903:
5871:
5822:
5801:
5783:
5764:
5746:
5728:
5710:
5700:on 11 May 2017
5680:
5659:
5629:
5599:
5574:
5548:
5522:
5484:
5456:
5434:
5396:
5378:
5367:
5339:
5323:
5307:
5285:
5274:
5263:
5248:
5234:
5208:
5189:
5168:
5154:
5122:
5104:
5088:
5074:
5032:
5026:
4988:
4964:
4946:
4928:
4914:
4903:
4872:
4846:
4820:
4809:
4777:
4765:
4735:
4717:
4676:
4665:
4629:
4611:
4589:
4567:
4529:
4511:
4476:
4446:
4417:
4378:
4352:
4317:
4299:
4288:on 29 May 2009
4273:
4247:
4221:
4181:
4155:
4132:
4109:
4090:
4064:
4053:on 8 June 2013
4037:
4025:
3988:
3962:
3950:
3938:
3926:
3898:
3865:
3850:
3825:
3818:
3796:
3742:
3727:
3713:
3685:
3646:
3612:
3595:
3560:
3533:
3506:
3479:Acta Logistica
3462:
3449:
3428:
3410:
3395:
3380:Archived from
3361:
3329:
3307:
3266:
3255:on 11 May 2015
3223:
3193:
3164:
3153:on 4 July 2013
3122:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3070:
3061:
3044:
3007:
2998:
2981:
2972:
2963:
2951:
2942:
2933:
2910:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2886:
2880:
2874:
2865:
2856:
2851:
2845:
2839:
2830:
2825:
2816:
2810:
2804:
2799:
2793:
2788:
2782:
2777:
2771:
2768:Container ship
2765:
2760:
2755:
2749:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2710:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2666:
2659:
2649:
2646:
2624:
2621:
2567:
2564:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2517:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2486:
2484:
2478:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2459:
2457:
2427:Main article:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2403:
2400:
2386:
2383:
2331:
2328:
2308:freight trains
2304:container ship
2296:Main article:
2293:
2290:
2262:reach stackers
2234:
2231:
2207:reporting mark
2187:
2186:Reporting mark
2184:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2148:
2146:
2139:
2132:
2130:
2122:
2119:
2113:
2110:
2070:in Afghanistan
2059:
2056:
2008:
2005:
1988:
1985:
1955:
1952:
1943:
1940:
1926:
1923:
1853:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1717:
1714:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1660:
1655:36,000 kg
1653:
1647:
1646:
1643:25,440 kg
1641:
1638:25,560 kg
1636:
1633:28,500 kg
1631:
1628:26,545 kg
1626:
1623:26,680 kg
1621:
1618:28,280 kg
1616:
1615:(approximate)
1610:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1593:8,675 lb
1589:
1588:8,380 lb
1584:
1583:4,850 lb
1579:
1578:(approximate)
1573:
1572:
1569:30,480 kg
1567:
1564:33,000 kg
1562:
1559:30,480 kg
1557:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1516:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1496:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1482:
1474:
1473:
1468:
1449:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1401:
1397:
1396:
1395:15.977 m
1391:
1390:14.453 m
1386:
1385:13.541 m
1367:
1366:11.998 m
1348:
1343:
1340:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1295:16.154 m
1291:
1290:14.630 m
1286:
1285:13.716 m
1281:
1280:12.192 m
1276:
1257:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1164:
1163:
1143:
1142:Specifications
1140:
1088:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1058:
1057:
1054:
1045:
1041:
1034:
1024:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1008:
1005:
960:tank container
939:
936:
919:
916:
902:
901:
892:
891:
883:
882:
874:
873:
865:
864:
863:
859:
858:
857:
856:
722:
719:
683:
680:
667:
664:
650:
647:
616:
613:
468:
465:
447:
444:
404:James Brindley
395:
392:
391:
390:
387:
380:
378:
375:
368:
366:
359:
352:
350:
343:
336:
322:
319:
271:unitized loads
165:ISO containers
103:corner casting
91:
90:
53:
51:
44:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7618:
7607:
7604:
7602:
7599:
7597:
7594:
7593:
7591:
7576:
7573:
7571:
7568:
7566:
7563:
7561:
7558:
7556:
7553:
7551:
7548:
7546:
7543:
7541:
7538:
7536:
7533:
7531:
7528:
7526:
7523:
7521:
7518:
7516:
7515:Clearance car
7513:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7503:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7492:
7490:
7486:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7445:
7442:
7439:
7436:
7434:
7431:
7429:
7428:Mineral wagon
7426:
7424:
7421:
7419:
7416:
7414:
7411:
7409:
7406:
7403:
7400:
7397:
7394:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7362:
7360:
7356:
7350:
7347:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7329:
7326:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7308:
7305:
7302:
7299:
7297:
7294:
7292:
7289:
7287:
7284:
7282:
7279:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7267:
7265:
7261:
7256:
7249:
7244:
7242:
7237:
7235:
7230:
7229:
7226:
7216:
7215:
7210:
7202:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7183:
7181:
7179:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7168:
7167:
7163:
7162:
7160:
7156:
7150:
7147:
7145:
7142:
7140:
7137:
7135:
7132:
7131:
7129:
7125:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7109:
7106:
7104:
7101:
7099:
7096:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7088:Reach stacker
7086:
7084:
7081:
7079:
7076:
7075:
7073:
7069:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7053:
7050:
7048:
7045:
7043:
7040:
7038:
7035:
7034:
7032:
7028:
7023:
7013:
7010:
7008:
7005:
7003:
7000:
6998:
6995:
6993:
6990:
6989:
6987:
6983:
6979:
6972:
6967:
6965:
6960:
6958:
6953:
6952:
6949:
6937:
6933:
6929:
6927:
6919:
6917:
6909:
6908:
6905:
6899:
6896:
6894:
6891:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6879:
6876:
6874:
6873:Tobacco pouch
6871:
6869:
6866:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6813:Nuclear flask
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6768:Padded mailer
6766:
6764:
6761:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6706:
6704:
6701:
6699:
6696:
6694:
6691:
6689:
6686:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6571:
6569:
6566:
6564:
6561:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6503:Aerosol spray
6501:
6500:
6497:
6493:
6486:
6481:
6479:
6474:
6472:
6467:
6466:
6463:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6449:
6448:
6440:
6437:
6436:0-691-12324-1
6433:
6429:
6428:
6423:
6421:
6420:92-67-10426-8
6417:
6413:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6400:
6399:
6394:
6392:
6388:
6384:
6380:
6379:
6358:
6351:
6347:
6344:
6340:
6336:
6332:
6328:
6316:
6310:
6306:
6303:. Amsterdam:
6302:
6301:
6295:
6294:
6288:
6276:
6272:
6266:
6250:
6246:
6240:
6232:
6228:
6222:
6213:
6207:
6188:
6181:
6175:
6160:
6156:
6150:
6142:
6130:
6115:
6111:
6104:
6089:
6085:
6079:
6073:
6068:
6060:
6054:
6046:
6040:
6032:
6026:
6018:
6012:
5993:
5986:
5980:
5964:
5957:
5951:
5947:
5944:
5939:
5920:
5913:
5907:
5888:
5881:
5875:
5864:
5860:
5856:
5852:
5848:
5844:
5840:
5833:
5826:
5811:
5805:
5799:
5795:
5792:
5787:
5781:
5777:
5773:
5768:
5762:
5758:
5755:
5750:
5744:
5740:
5737:
5732:
5726:
5722:
5719:
5714:
5699:
5695:
5694:
5687:
5685:
5669:
5663:
5647:
5643:
5639:
5633:
5617:
5613:
5609:
5603:
5595:
5591:
5590:
5585:
5578:
5563:
5559:
5552:
5537:on 9 May 2021
5536:
5532:
5526:
5510:
5506:
5502:
5498:
5491:
5489:
5473:
5472:
5467:
5460:
5452:
5448:
5447:PNW Equipment
5444:
5438:
5422:
5418:
5414:
5407:
5405:
5403:
5401:
5389:
5382:
5376:
5371:
5356:
5352:
5346:
5344:
5337:
5332:
5330:
5328:
5321:
5316:
5314:
5312:
5295:
5289:
5283:
5278:
5272:
5267:
5261:
5257:
5252:
5246:
5241:
5239:
5222:
5218:
5212:
5204:
5198:
5196:
5194:
5182:
5178:
5172:
5164:
5158:
5142:
5138:
5134:
5133:
5126:
5120:
5115:
5113:
5111:
5109:
5102:
5097:
5095:
5093:
5086:
5081:
5079:
5059:
5055:
5048:
5047:
5039:
5037:
5030:
5014:
5010:
5006:
5002:
4995:
4993:
4981:
4974:
4968:
4962:
4958:
4955:
4950:
4944:
4940:
4937:
4932:
4924:
4918:
4912:
4907:
4891:
4887:
4883:
4876:
4860:
4856:
4850:
4842:
4838:
4834:
4830:
4824:
4818:
4813:
4794:
4787:
4781:
4774:
4769:
4758:
4754:
4747:
4746:
4739:
4733:
4729:
4726:
4721:
4705:
4701:
4699:
4694:
4687:
4685:
4683:
4681:
4674:
4669:
4653:
4649:
4645:
4638:
4636:
4634:
4625:
4621:
4615:
4599:
4593:
4577:
4571:
4555:
4551:
4550:
4543:
4539:
4533:
4525:
4521:
4515:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4487:
4480:
4469:
4465:
4458:
4457:
4450:
4434:
4430:
4424:
4422:
4405:
4401:
4397:
4393:
4387:
4385:
4383:
4366:
4362:
4356:
4340:
4336:
4332:
4331:
4324:
4322:
4313:
4309:
4303:
4287:
4283:
4277:
4261:
4257:
4251:
4235:
4231:
4225:
4217:
4211:
4196:
4192:
4185:
4170:
4166:
4159:
4151:
4149:
4141:
4139:
4137:
4128:
4126:
4118:
4116:
4114:
4106:
4102:
4099:
4094:
4078:
4074:
4068:
4052:
4048:
4041:
4035:, p. 26.
4034:
4029:
4010:
4006:
3999:
3992:
3984:
3980:
3973:
3971:
3969:
3967:
3960:, p. 20.
3959:
3954:
3948:, p. 18.
3947:
3942:
3936:, p. 14.
3935:
3930:
3915:
3914:
3909:
3902:
3886:
3882:
3881:
3876:
3869:
3862:
3857:
3855:
3847:
3836:
3829:
3821:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3800:
3751:
3746:
3739:
3734:
3732:
3716:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3697:
3689:
3673:
3669:
3662:
3655:
3653:
3651:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3616:
3609:
3605:
3599:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3580:(in Polish).
3579:
3571:
3564:
3548:
3544:
3537:
3521:
3517:
3510:
3502:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3473:
3466:
3459:
3453:
3446:
3445:0-85361-431-8
3442:
3438:
3432:
3424:
3420:
3414:
3408:
3404:
3399:
3383:
3379:
3378:Statista Inc.
3375:
3371:
3365:
3349:
3342:
3336:
3334:
3317:
3311:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3236:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3197:
3190:
3178:
3174:
3168:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3083:
3079:
3065:
3058:
3054:
3048:
3041:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3026:(High Cube),
3025:
3021:
3017:
3011:
3002:
2995:
2991:
2985:
2976:
2967:
2961:
2955:
2946:
2937:
2914:
2905:
2901:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2869:
2866:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2796:GWR Container
2794:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2720:
2717:
2714:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2654:
2645:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2620:
2617:
2616:strong enough
2612:
2610:
2606:
2601:
2597:
2595:
2592:(28,800
2591:
2586:
2577:
2572:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2548:
2539:
2535:
2514:
2509:
2502:
2497:
2490:
2485:
2482:
2475:
2470:
2463:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2430:
2429:Load securing
2415:
2413:
2408:
2399:
2391:
2382:
2380:
2379:China Railway
2376:
2373:
2369:
2364:
2363:loading gauge
2360:
2356:
2352:
2345:
2342:line through
2341:
2336:
2327:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2299:
2289:
2285:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2244:
2243:reach stacker
2239:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2218:
2214:
2208:
2205:
2197:
2192:
2176:
2171:
2164:
2159:
2152:
2147:
2143:
2136:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2118:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2089:
2081:
2076:
2069:
2064:
2058:U.S. military
2055:
2014:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1993:Canadian Tire
1984:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1960:
1951:
1949:
1939:
1931:
1922:
1918:
1901:
1871:
1866:
1857:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1839:
1809:
1735:
1727:
1722:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1680:
1679:
1669:U.S. maximum
1667:
1664:
1648:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1611:
1606:5,040 kg
1605:
1601:4,920 kg
1600:
1596:4,500 kg
1595:
1591:3,935 kg
1590:
1586:3,800 kg
1585:
1581:2,200 kg
1580:
1574:
1563:
1556:gross weight
1552:
1549:108.5 m
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1517:
1514:2.692 m
1509:2.565 m
1504:2.261 m
1498:
1497:
1494:2.489 m
1489:2.286 m
1483:
1475:
1472:2.718 m
1467:2.654 m
1448:2.350 m
1428:
1427:
1424:2.489 m
1419:2.330 m
1399:
1398:
1392:
1387:
1368:
1347:5.867 m
1344:
1341:
1333:
1330:2.896 m
1325:2.896 m
1320:2.591 m
1314:
1313:
1310:2.591 m
1305:2.438 m
1299:
1298:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1275:6.058 m
1258:
1255:
1249:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1217:
1204:Container by
1202:
1199:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1186:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1148:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1130:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1055:
1053:
1050:for cradling
1049:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1000:
999:
998:
996:
992:
987:
985:
982:(also called
981:
973:
972:reach stacker
968:
961:
958:with a 20 ft
957:
952:
944:
935:
933:
932:semi-trailers
929:
925:
910:
906:
896:
887:
878:
869:
855:
851:
848:
845:
839:
837:
833:
829:
824:
820:
817:
813:
809:
805:
797:
793:
789:
787:
782:
777:
773:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
752:
743:
738:
732:
727:
717:
712:
710:
709:
704:
699:
697:
693:
688:
679:
677:
673:
663:
660:
655:
646:
644:
640:
636:
635:
625:
621:
612:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
589:Malcom McLean
585:
583:
579:
578:stressed skin
575:
571:
566:
564:
563:globalization
545:
540:
537:
533:
528:
526:
522:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
464:
462:
458:
453:
443:
441:
436:
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
384:
379:
372:
367:
363:
356:
351:
347:
340:
335:
334:
332:
328:
318:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
279:
277:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
216:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
181:container van
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
157:containerized
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
131:, (or simply
130:
126:
125:
120:
111:
104:
99:
95:
87:
84:
76:
73:February 2023
66:
60:
59:
54:This article
52:
43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
7545:Power shovel
7464:Schnabel car
7444:Pocket wagon
7286:Cattle wagon
7205:
7180:(board game)
7177:
7164:
7047:Double-stack
6977:
6858:Spray bottle
6818:Retort pouch
6727:
6708:Gas cylinder
6563:Blister pack
6513:Aluminum can
6425:
6411:
6396:
6382:
6364:. Retrieved
6357:the original
6318:. Retrieved
6299:
6286:
6281:23 September
6279:. Retrieved
6274:
6265:
6253:. Retrieved
6249:the original
6239:
6230:
6221:
6194:. Retrieved
6187:the original
6174:
6163:. Retrieved
6149:
6137:|last1=
6118:. Retrieved
6103:
6092:. Retrieved
6078:
6067:
6053:
6039:
6025:
6011:
5999:. Retrieved
5992:the original
5979:
5967:. Retrieved
5956:
5938:
5926:. Retrieved
5919:the original
5906:
5894:. Retrieved
5887:the original
5874:
5863:the original
5842:
5838:
5825:
5813:. Retrieved
5804:
5786:
5767:
5749:
5731:
5713:
5702:, retrieved
5698:the original
5692:
5671:. Retrieved
5662:
5650:. Retrieved
5646:the original
5632:
5620:. Retrieved
5616:the original
5611:
5602:
5594:the original
5587:
5577:
5565:. Retrieved
5561:
5551:
5539:. Retrieved
5535:the original
5525:
5513:. Retrieved
5509:the original
5500:
5475:. Retrieved
5469:
5459:
5451:the original
5446:
5437:
5425:. Retrieved
5421:the original
5416:
5381:
5370:
5359:. Retrieved
5298:. Retrieved
5288:
5277:
5266:
5251:
5225:. Retrieved
5221:the original
5211:
5181:the original
5171:
5157:
5145:. Retrieved
5141:the original
5131:
5125:
5067:16 September
5065:. Retrieved
5045:
5029:
5017:. Retrieved
5013:the original
5008:
5004:
4980:the original
4967:
4949:
4931:
4917:
4906:
4894:. Retrieved
4890:the original
4885:
4875:
4863:. Retrieved
4859:the original
4849:
4841:the original
4832:
4823:
4812:
4800:. Retrieved
4793:the original
4780:
4775:, p. 4.
4768:
4757:the original
4744:
4738:
4720:
4708:. Retrieved
4704:the original
4696:
4668:
4656:. Retrieved
4652:the original
4648:The Loadstar
4647:
4623:
4614:
4602:. Retrieved
4592:
4580:. Retrieved
4570:
4558:. Retrieved
4553:
4548:
4538:Ghostarchive
4536:Archived at
4532:
4524:the original
4514:
4502:. Retrieved
4498:the original
4489:
4479:
4468:the original
4455:
4449:
4437:. Retrieved
4432:
4408:. Retrieved
4404:the original
4395:
4369:. Retrieved
4365:the original
4355:
4343:. Retrieved
4339:the original
4329:
4312:the original
4302:
4290:. Retrieved
4286:the original
4276:
4264:. Retrieved
4260:the original
4250:
4238:. Retrieved
4234:The National
4233:
4224:
4198:. Retrieved
4195:ClearFreight
4194:
4184:
4172:. Retrieved
4168:
4158:
4147:
4124:
4093:
4081:. Retrieved
4077:the original
4067:
4055:. Retrieved
4051:the original
4040:
4028:
4016:. Retrieved
4004:
3991:
3982:
3953:
3941:
3929:
3917:. Retrieved
3911:
3901:
3889:. Retrieved
3885:the original
3878:
3868:
3845:
3838:. Retrieved
3828:
3809:
3799:
3745:
3740:, p. 8.
3718:. Retrieved
3700:
3688:
3676:. Retrieved
3674:. p. 15
3667:
3637:. Retrieved
3633:the original
3624:
3615:
3598:
3581:
3577:
3563:
3551:. Retrieved
3547:the original
3541:Nico Spilt.
3536:
3524:. Retrieved
3519:
3509:
3482:
3478:
3465:
3457:
3452:
3436:
3431:
3423:the original
3413:
3403:Global Trade
3398:
3386:. Retrieved
3382:the original
3374:Statista.com
3373:
3364:
3352:. Retrieved
3320:. Retrieved
3310:
3298:. Retrieved
3294:the original
3289:
3257:. Retrieved
3253:the original
3244:
3214:. Retrieved
3210:the original
3205:
3196:
3188:
3181:. Retrieved
3176:
3167:
3155:. Retrieved
3151:the original
3142:
3092:
3088:
3082:
3064:
3056:
3047:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3030:(Open Top),
3027:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3010:
3001:
2993:
2984:
2975:
2966:
2954:
2945:
2936:
2913:
2904:
2859:Roll trailer
2627:The City of
2626:
2613:
2598:
2581:
2561:
2558:
2543:
2448:
2440:Dunnage bags
2432:
2409:
2405:
2396:
2348:
2306:, truck and
2301:
2286:
2247:
2227:
2219:
2201:
2124:
2115:
2085:
2078:A U.S. Army
2010:
2000:
1990:
1969:
1965:
1945:
1936:
1919:
1902:
1870:pallet-wides
1869:
1865:pallet-wides
1864:
1862:
1840:
1807:
1734:Euro-pallets
1731:
1703:
1662:
1650:ISO maximum
1544:97.8 m
1539:86.1 m
1534:75.3 m
1529:67.5 m
1524:33.1 m
1206:common name
1196:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1169:
1165:
1159:
1153:
1133:
1126:
1118:
1089:
1037:
1021:refrigerated
991:ISO standard
990:
988:
983:
977:
927:
923:
921:
904:
903:The typical
852:
840:
835:
831:
825:
821:
816:Marie Maersk
803:
801:
778:
774:
747:
714:
706:
702:
700:
689:
685:
669:
656:
652:
643:Pan-Atlantic
633:
630:
618:
586:
581:
567:
529:
524:
484:
480:
470:
449:
432:
397:
291:bulk carrier
280:
252:
247:
243:
239:
235:
224:Corten steel
217:
211:used by the
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
132:
128:
122:
118:
116:
94:
79:
70:
55:
7575:Work trains
7560:Stoneblower
7469:Slate wagon
6808:Popcorn bag
6778:Plastic bag
6703:Garbage bag
6658:Dewar flask
6001:21 December
5928:8 September
5896:15 November
5673:26 December
5227:3 September
5147:9 September
4886:Barrett Ltd
4802:14 February
4345:9 September
3919:17 February
3891:17 February
3216:29 November
3183:29 November
3038:(Rack) and
2996:stability.
2819:MIL-STD-129
2607:, e.g. the
2566:Repurposing
2481:turnbuckles
2282:hook trucks
2278:sidelifters
2274:Swap bodies
2088:Conex boxes
1808:pallet-wide
1704:Australian
1695:Other sizes
1652:gross mass
1369:44 ft
1350:39 ft
1339:dimensions
1259:19 ft
1253:dimensions
1208:(imperial)
1191:tare weight
1102:, LRCCS by
1048:Log cradles
1038:bulktainers
762:sheet metal
721:Description
615:Modern form
544:(CONEX) box
428:Derby Canal
414:. In 1795,
348:(LMS; 1928)
307:air freight
209:CONEX boxes
205:CONEX (Box)
203:. The term
179:container,
175:container,
171:container,
133:“container”
7601:Modularity
7590:Categories
7449:Quarry tub
7438:Open wagon
7408:Hopper car
7396:Flat wagon
7334:RoadRailer
7098:Sidelifter
6893:Wooden box
6833:Paper sack
6828:Gunny sack
6763:Multi-pack
6653:Desiccator
6538:Bag-in-box
6492:Containers
6231:www.uh.edu
6196:31 January
6165:2015-01-31
6120:2010-04-26
6094:2015-05-18
5969:4 November
5815:27 January
5567:1 February
5541:1 February
5361:2012-04-22
5005:ISO Focus+
4911:Log cradle
4865:1 February
4604:1 February
4240:3 February
4200:3 February
4174:3 February
4083:1 February
3794:by 51 in."
3485:(4): 1–7.
3346:(Report).
3322:1 February
3075:References
2551:3M-54 Klub
2450:Flexi-bags
2446:in place.
2444:unit loads
2142:JR Freight
1451:8 ft
1432:7 ft
1403:7 ft
1293:53 ft
1288:48 ft
1283:45 ft
1278:40 ft
1246:high-cube
1241:high-cube
1236:high-cube
1231:high-cube
751:corrugated
742:twistlocks
485:Laadkisten
317:are used.
287:bulk cargo
7530:Excavator
7505:Brake van
7339:Stock car
7178:Container
7113:Twistlock
7030:Transport
6883:Unit load
6853:Skin pack
6633:Clamshell
6623:Cartridge
6305:IOS Press
6129:cite news
5859:112515172
4896:29 August
4710:29 August
4266:22 August
3590:0138-0370
3501:1339-5629
3117:113982441
3109:1099-1522
2994:financial
2889:Unit load
2635:: either
2629:Göttingen
2436:strapping
2355:well cars
2344:La Crosse
2312:twistlock
2292:Transport
2258:Forklifts
2198:container
1481:aperture
1337:interior
1303:8 ft
1251:External
1135:Swap body
1078:container
1075:flat-rack
1044:potatoes.
1017:insulated
956:spine car
928:gooseneck
796:Twistlock
786:twistlock
609:twistlock
605:spreaders
536:U.S. Army
331:Conex box
313:-defined
295:tank ship
236:High Cube
213:U.S. Army
32:Conex box
7525:Crew car
7454:Rollbock
7433:Modalohr
7423:Minecart
7344:Tank car
7317:Milk car
7291:Coil car
7270:Autorack
7071:Handling
7062:Well car
6985:Overview
6916:Category
6748:Juicebox
6738:Jerrycan
6668:Envelope
6603:Canister
6593:Bulk box
6583:Box wine
6568:Body bag
6206:cite web
6159:Archived
6114:Archived
6088:Archived
5946:Archived
5794:Archived
5776:Archived
5757:Archived
5739:Archived
5721:Archived
5355:Archived
5058:Archived
4957:Archived
4939:Archived
4833:OOCL.com
4728:Archived
4540:and the
4210:cite web
4101:Archived
4009:Archived
3584:: 1–14.
2842:Re:START
2736:See also
2713:ISO 9897
2707:ISO 6346
2351:flatcars
2316:BIC code
2233:Handling
2204:ISO 6346
2144:in Japan
1477:Minimum
1465: in
1446: in
1417: in
1383: in
1364: in
1335:Minimal
1273: in
1244:53-foot
1239:48-foot
1234:45-foot
1229:40-foot
1224:40-foot
1219:20-foot
1115:ISO10855
1110:and the
1096:pad eyes
1092:offshore
995:ISO 6346
804:and only
597:Sea-Land
479:and the
299:tank car
276:ISO 6346
7510:Caboose
7402:Gondola
7390:Flatcar
7380:Conflat
7172:BBC Box
7166:The Box
7057:Flatcar
7052:Drayage
7037:Chassis
6926:Commons
6868:Tin can
6713:Growler
6523:Ampoule
6518:Amphora
6410:(ISO),
6366:22 July
6343:page 26
6339:page 20
6335:page 18
6331:page 14
6255:21 July
5652:24 July
5622:24 July
5515:25 July
5427:25 July
5019:13 July
4658:18 July
4504:27 July
4410:18 July
4371:18 July
4018:1 March
4005:TR News
3840:21 July
3810:Falloff
3789:⁄
3775:⁄
3761:⁄
3720:21 July
3678:21 July
3639:20 July
3553:20 July
3526:23 July
3388:27 July
3354:18 July
3300:9 March
3290:csiu.co
3259:19 July
3157:19 July
3042:(Tank).
2926:⁄
2758:Conflat
2752:Boxpark
2743:BBC Box
2669:ISO 668
2576:Cholula
2326:(TEU).
2105:ISO 668
2101:Quadcon
2049:⁄
2035:⁄
2021:⁄
2013:ISO 668
2001:60-foot
1981:Oceanex
1973:Crowley
1912:⁄
1895:⁄
1881:⁄
1833:⁄
1819:⁄
1801:⁄
1787:⁄
1773:⁄
1759:⁄
1745:⁄
1499:Height
1460:⁄
1441:⁄
1429:Height
1412:⁄
1378:⁄
1359:⁄
1342:Length
1315:Height
1268:⁄
1256:Length
1175:ISO 668
984:reefers
844:startup
781:nominal
758:plywood
634:Ideal X
591:bought
556:⁄
525:UIC-590
514:⁄
500:⁄
426:on the
408:Worsley
394:Origins
321:History
267:pallets
261:. Like
259:SeaLand
240:Hi-Cube
220:durable
189:sea can
185:sea van
169:freight
7418:Lowmac
7275:Boxcar
6823:Sachet
6788:Pocket
6758:KĹŤbako
6673:Flagon
6638:Coffin
6618:Carton
6613:Carboy
6588:Bucket
6573:Bottle
6548:Basket
6543:Barrel
6434:
6418:
6389:
6327:page 8
6311:
5857:
5477:25 May
5300:18 May
4560:10 May
4292:24 May
4057:20 May
3816:
3711:
3588:
3499:
3443:
3115:
3107:
2848:Re-use
2320:tonnes
2270:cranes
2097:Tricon
1484:Width
1400:Width
1300:Width
768:or in
475:, the
424:barges
420:wagons
305:. For
230:(ISO)
201:SEAVAN
197:MILVAN
161:boxcar
153:trucks
149:trains
7520:Crane
7158:Other
7127:Types
6798:Pouch
6678:Flask
6648:Crate
6360:(PDF)
6353:(PDF)
6320:1 May
6190:(PDF)
6183:(PDF)
5995:(PDF)
5988:(PDF)
5922:(PDF)
5915:(PDF)
5890:(PDF)
5883:(PDF)
5866:(PDF)
5855:S2CID
5835:(PDF)
5704:3 May
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5184:(PDF)
5061:(PDF)
5050:(PDF)
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4976:(PDF)
4796:(PDF)
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4760:(PDF)
4749:(PDF)
4698:Upply
4582:8 May
4471:(PDF)
4460:(PDF)
4439:1 May
4435:. GDV
4012:(PDF)
4001:(PDF)
3664:(PDF)
3574:(PDF)
3514:M.K.
3475:(PDF)
3344:(PDF)
3113:S2CID
2897:Notes
2637:FIBCs
2372:25 kV
2093:Bicon
2080:CH-47
2068:C-130
1863:Some
1479:door
1065:COSCO
938:Types
847:Upply
303:truck
301:, or
199:, or
195:, or
193:C can
177:ocean
145:ships
127:, or
7440:(EU)
7404:(US)
7398:(EU)
7392:(US)
7330:(EU)
7324:(US)
7303:(EU)
7277:(US)
7139:SECU
6888:Vial
6878:Tube
6773:Pail
6663:Drum
6628:Chub
6608:Case
6598:Cage
6432:ISBN
6416:ISBN
6387:ISBN
6368:2015
6322:2020
6309:ISBN
6283:2023
6257:2015
6212:link
6198:2015
6141:help
6003:2016
5971:2009
5930:2011
5898:2010
5817:2024
5706:2017
5675:2015
5654:2015
5624:2015
5569:2013
5543:2013
5517:2015
5479:2023
5429:2015
5302:2009
5229:2019
5149:2017
5069:2021
5021:2015
4898:2018
4867:2013
4804:2008
4712:2021
4660:2015
4606:2013
4584:2011
4562:2020
4506:2015
4441:2020
4412:2015
4373:2015
4347:2017
4294:2009
4268:2021
4242:2021
4216:link
4202:2021
4176:2021
4085:2013
4059:2013
4020:2011
3921:2013
3893:2013
3842:2015
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3722:2015
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3680:2015
3641:2015
3586:ISSN
3555:2015
3528:2015
3520:MIBA
3497:ISSN
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3390:2015
3356:2015
3324:2013
3302:2022
3261:2015
3218:2021
3185:2021
3159:2015
3105:ISSN
2868:SECU
2833:RACE
2663:ASTM
2641:IBCs
2340:BNSF
2330:Rail
2099:and
2011:The
1995:and
1706:RACE
1052:logs
731:TEUs
705:and
329:and
311:IATA
265:and
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6753:Keg
6743:Jug
6733:Jar
6578:Box
6553:Bin
6533:Bag
6216:pg3
5847:doi
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4753:ISO
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