254:
415:
810:
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316:
331:
344:
793:
640:
725:
657:
606:
428:
275:
288:
456:
372:
776:
443:
827:
623:
540:
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484:
471:
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387:
527:
512:
759:
691:
359:
708:
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572:
742:
589:
555:
1099:
submitted a proposal for an MPA in East
Antarctica. It originally included seven representative areas with varying degrees of protection and covered 1.8 million square kilometres of ocean. By 2017, these were scaled back to three areas covering just under 1 million square kilometres. This was due to
1100:
the political concerns and economic interests expressed by some Member states. The proposal was also amended to include an expiration of 30 years after designation and the ability to review its monitoring and management every ten years. It has been under consideration by the
Commission since 2012.
235:
29:
1076:. The protected area covers 1.55 million square kilometres of ocean, of which 72% is a no-take zone. The remaining 28% include some harvesting of fish and krill for the purpose of scientific research.
204:
The convention was opened for signature on 1 August 1980 and entered into force on 7 April 1982 by the
Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources, headquartered in
104:
1873:
1596:
1415:
1878:
1079:
The Ross Sea MPA will be in force for 35 years. At the end of its review period in 2052, CCAMLR Members must agree by consensus to renew or modify it as needed.
1718:
1808:
1858:
1543:
1663:
859:
World Summit on
Sustainable Development. In 2011, it identified nine planning domains within which to designate these protected areas.
1570:
1475:
1838:
1843:
1065:
voted against the proposals, citing uncertainty about whether the commission had the authority to establish a protected area.
1813:
1723:
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1354:
1778:
253:
1658:
1423:
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28:
1863:
1818:
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1763:
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1517:
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1768:
1688:
1683:
1638:
1793:
1703:
1450:
1853:
1848:
1833:
1773:
1728:
1693:
1068:
On 28 October 2016, after several years of scientific and diplomatic discussions, the
Commission agreed by
1828:
1803:
1788:
1743:
1733:
1708:
1698:
1668:
1653:
1061:
to consider proposals for MPAs in both the Ross Sea and East
Antarctica. Consensus was not reached after
231:
could have a serious impact on populations of other marine life which are dependent upon krill for food.
1332:
1823:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1713:
1643:
68:
1798:
1069:
1021:
848:
1868:
1186:
78:
1316:. Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR). 2009. p. 23.
1259:"Competing values on the Antarctic high seas: CCAMLR and the challenge of marine-protected areas"
198:
1390:
1054:
were put forward by both the US and New
Zealand. These were later combined as a joint proposal.
1623:
1476:"The Ocean Conference | 5–9 June 2017 | Marine Protected Area in the Weddell-Sea, Antarctica"
1042:
It was proposed by the United
Kingdom and covers 94,000 km2. It came into force in May 2010.
1028:
852:
1032:
855:
by 2012. It was the first international body to do this based on recommendations from the
8:
1308:
1232:
1156:
1144:
238:(CEMP) to further monitor the effects of fishing and harvesting of species in the area.
1483:
1258:
1160:
1152:
33:
Logo of the
Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
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896:
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798:
476:
228:
1632:
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730:
349:
1072:
to designate the Ross Sea marine protected area at its annual meeting in
1058:
918:
662:
645:
611:
213:
1145:"Seeing the Southern Ocean Ecosystem: Enlarging the Antarctic Community"
257:
Convention for the
Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources Map
1333:"South Orkneys Marine Protected Area - News - British Antarctic Survey"
1211:
217:
1544:"Antarctica's Ross Sea massive marine protected area comes into force"
1507:, No. 2926, 20 July, "Fight to preserve last pristine ecosystem fails"
1118:"Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources"
245:
became a New Member of the Commission, the 26th member of the CCAMLR.
1088:
1000:
944:
433:
308:
280:
209:
141:
92:
1571:"Why are talks over an East Antarctic marine park still deadlocked?"
191:
Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
22:
Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
1619:
Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
1051:
1025:
461:
293:
205:
187:
Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
974:
832:
781:
628:
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532:
448:
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242:
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It was established in large part to concerns that an increase in
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517:
172:
1618:
1117:
1416:"World's Largest Marine Reserve Created Off Antarctica"
1057:
In July 2013, the Commission held a special meeting in
1874:
Intergovernmental organizations established by treaty
1310:
Report of the Twenty-Eighth Meeting of the Commission
1353:
Trade, New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and.
1359:New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade
1630:
842:
1879:International organisations based in Australia
1451:"A Marine Protected Area for East Antarctica"
1151:, Oxford University Press, pp. 109–138,
1284:"Conservation Measure 91-04 (2011) | CCAMLR"
1859:Treaties entered into by the European Union
1719:Treaties of the People's Republic of China
27:
1142:
1809:Treaties of the Polish People's Republic
1594:
1391:"Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) | CCAMLR"
851:to creating a representative network of
252:
216:and environmental integrity in and near
1355:"Ross Sea region Marine Protected Area"
1631:
1518:"Ross Sea Marine Protected Area (MPA)"
1256:
1050:In 2010, a proposal for an MPA in the
1445:
1443:
1441:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1143:Antonello, Alessandro (4 July 2019),
1082:
153:26 Member States + 11 Acceding States
1327:
1325:
1323:
1187:"New Member – Ecuador | CCAMLR"
1015:
1664:Treaties entered into force in 1982
13:
1568:
1438:
1372:
1157:10.1093/oso/9780190907174.003.0005
1020:In 2009, the Commission agreed by
847:In 2009, the Commission agreed by
14:
1890:
1612:
1595:Kavanagh, Andrea (October 2014),
1422:. 27 October 2016. Archived from
1352:
1320:
1031:to protect ocean surrounding the
1598:Protecting East Antarctic Waters
825:
808:
791:
774:
757:
740:
723:
706:
689:
672:
655:
638:
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604:
587:
570:
553:
538:
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510:
497:
482:
469:
454:
441:
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413:
398:
385:
370:
357:
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301:
286:
273:
248:
1588:
1562:
1536:
1510:
1498:
1468:
1408:
1346:
1045:
1024:to establish the world's first
1839:Treaties of the United Kingdom
1301:
1276:
1250:
1225:
1204:
1179:
1136:
1110:
1:
1844:Treaties of the United States
1103:
843:Marine Protected Areas (MPAs)
1814:Treaties of the Soviet Union
1724:Treaties of the Cook Islands
236:Ecosystem Monitoring Program
7:
1779:Treaties of the Netherlands
1212:"Members of the Commission"
234:In 1989, CCAMLR set up the
10:
1895:
1659:Treaties concluded in 1980
1257:Brooks, Cassandra (2013).
1233:"Acceding States | CCAMLR"
1149:The Greening of Antarctica
212:. The goal is to preserve
120:42.8866992°S 147.3243362°E
69:International organization
1674:Environment of Antarctica
264:Acceding and Member State
167:
157:
147:
135:
98:
84:
74:
64:
46:
38:
26:
16:1980 environmental treaty
1864:Treaties of East Germany
1819:Treaties of South Africa
1739:Treaties of West Germany
1420:National Geographic News
125:-42.8866992; 147.3243362
1784:Treaties of New Zealand
1764:Treaties of South Korea
1679:1982 in the environment
1604:, PEW Charitable Trusts
199:Antarctic Treaty System
1649:Environmental treaties
1624:CCAMLR Convention text
1480:oceanconference.un.org
865:Marine Protected Area
258:
1769:Treaties of Mauritius
1689:Treaties of Australia
1684:Treaties of Argentina
1639:Antarctica agreements
1455:www.antarctica.gov.au
267:Acceding States only
256:
1794:Treaties of Pakistan
1704:Treaties of Bulgaria
1033:South Orkney Islands
988:Antarctic Peninsula
241:On 19 October 2022,
189:, also known as the
1854:Treaties of Vanuatu
1849:Treaties of Uruguay
1834:Treaties of Ukraine
1774:Treaties of Namibia
1729:Treaties of Finland
1694:Treaties of Belgium
1569:Brooks, Cassandra.
1486:on 24 December 2019
159:Executive Secretary
116: /
52: (44 years ago)
23:
1829:Treaties of Sweden
1804:Treaties of Panama
1789:Treaties of Norway
1744:Treaties of Greece
1734:Treaties of France
1709:Treaties of Canada
1699:Treaties of Brazil
1669:1982 in Antarctica
1654:Fisheries treaties
1524:. 20 December 2018
1426:on 28 October 2016
1083:East Antarctic MPA
259:
21:
1824:Treaties of Spain
1759:Treaties of Japan
1754:Treaties of Italy
1749:Treaties of India
1714:Treaties of Chile
1644:Cold War treaties
1550:. 12 January 2017
1166:978-0-19-090717-4
1016:South Orkneys MPA
1013:
1012:
840:
839:
197:, is part of the
183:
182:
1886:
1799:Treaties of Peru
1606:
1605:
1603:
1592:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1575:The Conversation
1566:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1514:
1508:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1482:. Archived from
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1466:
1465:
1463:
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1447:
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1412:
1406:
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1183:
1177:
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1134:
1133:
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1129:
1114:
932:East Antarctica
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861:
831:
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811:
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780:
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763:
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60:
58:
53:
50:20 May 1980
31:
24:
20:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1869:Animal treaties
1629:
1628:
1615:
1610:
1609:
1601:
1593:
1589:
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1577:
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1563:
1553:
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1205:
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1193:
1185:
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1171:
1169:
1167:
1141:
1137:
1127:
1125:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1085:
1048:
1018:
845:
826:
824:
809:
807:
792:
790:
775:
773:
758:
756:
741:
739:
724:
722:
707:
705:
690:
688:
673:
671:
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639:
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622:
620:
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571:
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315:
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302:
300:
287:
285:
274:
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227:catches in the
171:
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138:
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118:
115:
110:
107:
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103:
102:
56:
54:
51:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1892:
1882:
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1876:
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1851:
1846:
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1613:External links
1611:
1608:
1607:
1587:
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1535:
1509:
1497:
1467:
1437:
1407:
1395:www.ccamlr.org
1371:
1345:
1319:
1300:
1288:www.ccamlr.org
1275:
1249:
1237:www.ccamlr.org
1224:
1203:
1191:www.ccamlr.org
1178:
1165:
1135:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1097:European Union
1084:
1081:
1047:
1044:
1037:Atlantic Ocean
1017:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1007:
998:
995:
992:
989:
985:
984:
981:
979:European Union
972:
969:
966:
965:1,800,000 km2
963:
959:
958:
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953:European Union
942:
939:
936:
933:
929:
928:
925:
916:
913:
910:
909:1,550,000 km2
907:
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899:
897:United Kingdom
894:
892:
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885:South Orkneys
882:
881:
878:
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857:United Nations
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799:United Kingdom
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229:Southern Ocean
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163:Dr David Agnew
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1505:New Scientist
1501:
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1080:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1053:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:in the south
1034:
1030:
1027:
1023:
1008:
1006:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
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987:
986:
982:
980:
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946:
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934:
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926:
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923:United States
920:
917:
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1046:Ross Sea MPA
1041:
1019:
991:450,000 km2
962:Weddell Sea
935:950,000 km2
877:Proposed by
846:
731:South Africa
350:Cook Islands
240:
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186:
184:
149:Membership
137:Area served
85:Headquarters
39:Abbreviation
18:
1059:Bremerhaven
919:New Zealand
912:Designated
891:Designated
888:94,000 km2
880:Designated
663:New Zealand
646:Netherlands
612:South Korea
214:marine life
123: /
111:147°19′28″E
99:Coordinates
79:Environment
1633:Categories
1128:11 October
1122:ccamlr.org
1104:References
218:Antarctica
108:42°53′12″S
57:1980-05-20
1089:Australia
1087:In 2010,
1070:consensus
1026:high-seas
1022:consensus
1001:Argentina
994:Proposal
968:Proposal
945:Australia
938:Proposal
906:Ross Sea
874:Proposed
849:consensus
434:Mauritius
309:Australia
281:Argentina
210:Australia
142:Antarctic
93:Australia
47:Formation
1196:26 March
1172:11 April
1095:and the
1052:Ross Sea
462:Pakistan
294:Bulgaria
206:Tasmania
1580:30 July
1554:24 July
1548:Newshub
1528:24 July
1490:24 July
1460:24 July
1430:24 July
1400:24 July
1364:24 July
1338:24 July
1293:24 July
1268:24 July
1242:16 June
1217:16 June
975:Germany
871:Status
833:Uruguay
782:Ukraine
629:Namibia
546:Vanuatu
533:Germany
449:Ecuador
378:Finland
337:Belgium
243:Ecuador
175:.ccamlr
168:Website
75:Purpose
55: (
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1124:. 2011
1093:France
1074:Hobart
1063:Russia
949:France
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322:Canada
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291:
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195:CCAMLR
89:Hobart
42:CCAMLR
1602:(PDF)
1314:(PDF)
1005:Chile
997:2018
971:2016
941:2010
927:2016
915:2012
901:2009
868:Size
748:Spain
595:Japan
578:Italy
561:India
421:China
393:Chile
225:krill
193:, and
1582:2019
1556:2019
1530:2019
1522:NIWA
1492:2019
1462:2019
1432:2019
1402:2019
1366:2019
1340:2019
1295:2019
1270:2019
1244:2017
1219:2017
1198:2023
1174:2023
1161:ISBN
1130:2011
1009:N/A
983:N/A
957:N/A
853:MPAs
518:Peru
185:The
177:.org
65:Type
1153:doi
1029:MPA
173:www
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