4440:
2172:
983:
826:
782:
2550:) im Heiligen Land tÀtig war, und ein rekonstruiertes DeckengemÀlde in der Burgkapelle derselben Festung erlaubten der Forschung den Schluss, dass sich die Hochmeister schon im 13. Jahrhundert eines eigenen Wappens bedient hÀtten. Es zeigte ein auf das schwarze Ordenskreuz aufgelegtes goldenes Lilienkreuz mit dem bekannten Adlerschildchen. Die Wappensiegel des Elbinger Komturs von 1310 bzw. 1319, ein heute in Innsbruck aufbewahrter Vortrageschild des Hochmeisters Karl von Trier von etwa 1320 und das schlecht erhaltene Sekretsiegel desselben Hochmeisters von 1323 sind ebenfalls jeweils mit aufgelegtem goldenem Lilienkreuz ausgestattet."
2972:
167:
898:
4090:
882:
1935:
3212:
3334:
4080:
1815:
846:
3140:
3572:
1036:
1796:
4022:
3282:
870:
3407:
955:
3604:
3692:
814:
4142:
3772:
3682:
3662:
3502:
3427:
3324:
4352:
4014:
3090:
2078:
5817:
3762:
3642:
1984:
3812:
3624:
3377:
1052:
4572:
3002:
5849:
4004:
943:
3954:
1882:
4460:
3870:
4152:
4608:
4172:
4070:
3584:
3012:
858:
2432:"heraldic writers have in their ingenuity multiplied the forms. In giving a summary of the chief forms only we are met with the difficulty of many synonyms occurring, for practically the same form is often much varied by incorrect drawing, and much confusion has arisen from blunders of heraldic writers in misreading or misunderstanding the terms employed. The French terms are more varied still than the English, and the correlation of the two series can only be attempted approximately." James Parker,
3347:
967:
4512:
3417:
3357:
3252:
3752:
4552:
4110:
2992:
4420:
3672:
3482:
3202:
3172:
3160:
3120:
2198:
3262:
3080:
1334:
1283:
4060:
3896:
3802:
3652:
3304:
3110:
3062:
4562:
4162:
1485:
1375:
1306:
20:
4542:
4192:
3614:
3594:
3492:
3294:
3244:
3150:
2982:
3634:
3924:
3552:
2094:, which existed for almost two hundred years after the First Crusade; in the rendering at left, the large cross is shown slightly "potent" (i.e., with T-shaped ends), but that is not always the case. The four smaller crosses are said to symbolize either the four books of the Gospel or the four directions in which the Word of Christ spread from Jerusalem. Alternatively, all five crosses can symbolize the five wounds of Christ during the Passion. This symbol is used in the
1517:
1243:
1202:
1170:
1012:
3964:
3542:
3437:
3367:
3272:
3032:
4132:
4532:
4362:
3984:
1427:
4372:
3562:
4522:
4492:
4100:
3842:
3832:
1223:
3852:
798:
6183:
4120:
3702:
3742:
3722:
4342:
1860:
4502:
3906:
3822:
1677:
1024:
4332:
3916:
3532:
3512:
3314:
217:
1648:
3447:
4480:
4410:
4040:
3886:
3782:
4596:
1764:
1736:
3934:
2114:
4400:
3224:
1900:
3732:
3944:
3712:
3387:
3234:
3100:
2009:
1834:
4182:
4050:
3457:
3052:
3397:
4030:
3974:
3792:
3522:
3472:
3182:
1147:
3192:
3130:
3042:
2915:
1846:
1782:
1750:
1608:
3994:
1552:
4470:
4430:
3022:
3072:
179:
4450:
197:
1494:
A cross patoncé (or patonce) is more or less intermediate between a cross pattée and a cross flory (or fleury). The ends of its limbs are trifurcated into leaf shapes, and seems to come in two sorts: one where the limbs are the same width all along as in the coat of
Godfrey McCance Gransden; and the
2506:
had been introduced in 1219 as the head of the bailiwicks in the Holy Roman Empire, from 1381 also those in Italy, raised to the rank of a prince of the Holy Roman Empire in 1494, but merged with the office of grand master under Walter von
Cronberg in 1525, from which time the head of the order had
1317:
With arms which narrow towards the center, and are indented at the ends, also known as the eight-pointed cross (with no curved lines). This is a gradual evolution of the eight-pointed cross moline. The sharp vertex of the modern "four-arrowhead" design is gradual, and takes place during the 15th to
595:
symbol attached to each arm. While this legendary account cannot be traced back further than the early modern period (Christoph
Hartknoch, 1684) there is some evidence that the design does indeed date to the mid 13th century. The black cross patty was later used for military decoration and insignia
2391:(1270s). Perrin (1922) concludes that the introduction of the Cross of St George as a "national emblem" is originally due to Edward I. By 1300, there was also a greater "banner of St George", but not yet in a prominent function; the king used it among several banners of saints alongside the
2401:" Perrin 1922, p. 37 "The first step towards the promotion of St George to a position of predominance seems to be due to Edward III, who in gratitude for his supposed help at the Battle of Cregy founded the Chapel of St George at Windsor in 1348." Perrin 1922, pp. 37f. Perrin (1922),
2098:. Also found in the coat of arms of the Papal Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem, Vatican City (matriculated in Scotland as "Argent; a Jerusalem cross cantoned between four crosses couped, gules"âScots Public Register, volume 75, page 112)âto be seen at various
2580:"we are met with the difficulty of many synonyms occurring, for practically the same form is often much varied by incorrect drawing, and much confusion has arisen from blunders of heraldic writers in misreading or misunderstanding the terms employed." Parker (1894).
923:
The term quarter-pierced (quarterly pierced) is used when the center of the cross has a separate tincture. Some heraldists have used quarter-voided or square-pierced for cases where the center of the cross is given the tincture of the field, or alternatively
982:
52:. Many cross variants were developed in the classical tradition of heraldry during the late medieval and early modern periods. Heraldic crosses are inherited in modern iconographic traditions and are used in numerous
675:, a pale and a fess of equal widths conjoined, the width being typically one-fifth of the shield (or one third of the shield when charges are placed on the cross). The four arms should be of equal length (forming a
2546:). "Die zeitgenössische Ăberlieferung verdeutlicht fĂŒr dieses Wappen hingegen einen anderen Werdegang. Der Modelstein eines Schildmachers, der unter Hermann von Salza zwischen 1229 und 1266 auf der Starkenburg (
489:
The desire to distinguish one's coat of arms from others led to a period of substantial innovation in producing variants of the basic
Christian cross by the early 14th century (in England, the reign of
920:
and so on. It may also be of two tinctures, e.g. party per fesse, per pale, or per cross (equivalent to quarterly), mostly in connection with the partition of the field (i.e. counter-charged).
2538:). Marie-Luise Heckmann, "Ăberlegungen zu einem heraldischen Repertorium an Hand der Hochmeisterwappen des Deutschen Ordens" in: Matthias Thumser, Janusz Tandecki, Dieter Heckmann (eds.)
1631:
161:
used a black-on white version. Early cross or spiral-like shield decorations, not necessarily with
Christian symbolism, are already found on depictions of shields of the 11th century.
4439:
497:
The great number of variants of crosses, and the deep history of such variants (going back to the 14th century or earlier) results in confusing and often contradictory terminology.
988:
Argent a cross gules quarterly pierced nine crosses crosslet, three, three, and three counterchanged (the first quarter ermine for distinction) (Mary Ann Harvey
Bonnell 1841)
2542:, Publikationen des Deutsch-Polnischen GesprĂ€chskreises fĂŒr Quellenedition. Publikacje Niemiecko-Polskiej Grupy Dyskusyjnej do Spraw Edycij Zrodel 1, 2001, 315–346 (
583:
as a central inescutcheon. The golden cross fleury overlaid on the black cross becomes widely used in the 15th century. A legendary account attributes its introduction to
1347:. In early armory it is not always distinguished from a cross bottony. A variant is the cross crosslet double crossed, with two bars crossing each arm, as in the arms of
2395:. "Among the greater banners that of St George was not as yet supreme; it was indeed only one of four, for when the Castle of Carlaverock was taken in the year 1300:
966:
1035:
2020:
A Latin cross with an extra bar added. The lengths and placement of the bars (or "arms") vary, and most of the variations are interchangeably called either of the
1640:
A cross erminée is a cross of four ermine-spots, with the heads meeting, sharing their spots. Historically borne by
Hurston (Cheshire, England) c. 1490 and others
1182:
A cross pattée (or formée/formy) has arms narrowing towards the centre, but with flat ends. It is usually found with curved inside edges as in the 13th c. arms of
1318:
16th century. The "Rhodian cross" of the early 16th century had almost, but not quite, achieved the "sharp arrowhead appearance". The modern form is known as the
1495:
other where the limbs gently widen from the centre (but do not curve) as in the coat of John Chiu] (both of Canada). A medieval example is shown on the seal of
1051:
825:
1215:
This cross has a crossbar at the end of each of its arms. "Potent" is an old word for a crutch, and is used in heraldic terminology to describe a T shape.
1619:
In the coat of Tillie in
Cornwall. The symbol is also called a "barbed cross" or an "arrow cross". An arrow cross in green was also the symbol of the
531:
Looking back on the
Crusades as the foundational period of knighthood, the badge of the cross became strongly associated with the idealized Christian
1786:
881:
4575:
1348:
2515:
997:) has the same tincture of the field with only a narrow border outlining the limbs. This is equivalent to superimposing one cross upon another (
246:
1412:
111:
107:
2947:
283:
emerged in western Europe at the start of the 13th century out of earlier traditions. The basic variants of the red-on-white (termed the
2285:
in 1748. This is to be distinguished from the (rare) heraldic charge of a horizontal Latin cross, known as the "Cross of Saint Philip".
2171:
1850:
1754:
1344:
504:, the cross is comparatively rare in the coats of arms of noble families, presumably because the plain heraldic cross was seen as an
954:
897:
781:
2166:
4873:
1100:, if used heraldically might be blazoned as a cross double fimbriated, or as a voided cross superimposed by a second cross. The "
5215:
2334:
1496:
2465:
1892:
A cross pattée fitchée is a cross pattée with a sharp point added to the lower limb, as if for use in staking into the ground
463:
395:
Add MS 29796), a 16th-century copy of a roll of arms of the 1250s has depictions of various heraldic crosses, including the
1190:); but sometimes encountered with straight edges (triangular arms). A cross pattée must be blazoned as throughout or fixed (
5179:
4580:
2919:
2149:
variant (ĐĄĐ°ĐŒĐŸ ĐĄĐ»ĐŸĐłĐ° ĐĄŃĐ±ĐžĐœĐ° ХпаŃĐ°ĐČĐ° - Only Unity Saves The Serbs) with four "firesteel" shapes develops in the early modern
2103:
1444:
2654:
1994:
The patriarchal cross or double cross was used in
Byzantine seals since the early medieval period. It was adopted in the
942:
698:
The ordinary formed when the cross' arms are oblique, passing through the top corners of the shield, is referred to as a
629:; the first official introduction of such a flag was in a regulation of 11 June 1748 describing the Danish civil ensign (
2841:
2059:
In some cases, a separate name is given to the ensemble of a heraldic cross with four additional charges in the angles.
1663:
in their husks or cases, joined together at the great end. The term comes from the Latin name for the hazel, originally
813:
4645:
2543:
869:
416:
378:
149:
together, and that Henry would use a white cross and Philip a red cross. The red-on-white cross came to be used by the
845:
1235:
A cross recercely seems to be a cross moline parted or voided throughoutâthough it may be a cross moline very curly.
501:
857:
2878:
1416:
683:, and they meet in the center (fesse-point) of the shield, except when it is abased (lowered) in the presence of a
348:
2940:
2896:
642:
1968:, among many others. This is probably the most common form of the cross fitchy but others do exist, such as the
4931:
2803:
775:), and so on. French heraldic terminology is even more diverse, with many synonyms leading to some confusion.
6192:
6215:
5453:
5448:
4007:
3795:
250:
3143:
2406:
5318:
1011:
797:
6220:
3755:
3430:
2933:
2387:
Red crosses seem to have been used as a distinguishing mark worn by English soldiers from the reign of
2288:
Several national flags are based on late medieval war flags, including the white-on-red crosses of the
1458:
2655:"Journal of the General Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America"
6225:
3575:
2741:
2512:
2189:
2095:
2041:
201:
2318:
1023:
621:
is an 18th-century innovation derived from cross flags adapted as swallow-tailed (or triple-tailed)
6012:
5508:
5035:
3859:
3655:
3265:
2956:
2452:
2422:
1999:
1533:
1121:
408:
359:
166:
4089:
2398:
Puis fist le roy porter amont / Sa baniere et la Seint Eymont / La Seint George et la Seint Edwart
6175:
6137:
5529:
5468:
5408:
4795:
4740:
4705:
4145:
4123:
3725:
3005:
2689:
2392:
1995:
1973:
692:
6030:
5979:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5825:
4911:
4888:
4844:
4783:
4638:
4484:
4413:
4135:
3815:
3665:
2826:
2228:
Flags with crosses are recorded from the later Middle Ages, e.g. in the early 14th century the
1917:
1824:
1697:
1311:
1194:), if it is intended that the four arms of the cross should reach to the edges of the shield.
888:
521:
342:) lists the coats of arms of various noblemen distinguished by crosses of different tinctures:
300:
262:
5807:
2971:
4916:
4866:
4861:
4839:
4723:
4525:
4155:
3785:
3535:
3215:
2753:
2565:
2433:
1682:
1255:
In a cross moline, the ends of the arms are bifurcated, split and curved back, also called a
525:
44:, which appeared in Western Europe in about 1200. This tradition is partly in the use of the
3211:
2797:
2209:
1934:
1466:
24:
6035:
4822:
4788:
4680:
3957:
3845:
3835:
3765:
3735:
3380:
3015:
2820:
2603:
2237:
2222:
2119:
2091:
2037:
2033:
1906:
1868:
A cross fitchy has the lower limb pointed, as if to be driven into the ground. From French
1769:
1352:
1343:
A cross with the ends of each arm crossed. A prominent early example is in the arms of the
491:
339:
284:
266:
95:
4079:
8:
5893:
5691:
5673:
5463:
4998:
4973:
4675:
4600:
3745:
3705:
3695:
3139:
3113:
2388:
2293:
2270:
2176:
1814:
1701:
972:
Sable on a cross argent quarter pierced of the field four eagles displayed of the first (
933:
672:
662:
587:, who on 20 August 1250 granted the master of the order this cross as a variation of the
517:
324:
296:
280:
258:
154:
142:
138:
4165:
4103:
3333:
1267:
in English and Canadian heraldry, it marks an eighth son. Found in the coats of arms of
1093:
6087:
6060:
5388:
5333:
5283:
5194:
5184:
5121:
5096:
5031:
5006:
4978:
4878:
4665:
4286:
4219:
3977:
3775:
2995:
2792:
2671:
2535:
2247:
2150:
1921:
1805:
1705:
1506:
1470:
602:
597:
584:
29:
4021:
3281:
2707:
2448:
1823:
The oblique Latin cross, known as cross portate ("carried"), is associated with Saint
1795:
1568:; uncommon, but can be found in the arms of Gordon of Hallhead. Also known as a cross
1407:; a saltire botonny can be seen in the coat and flag of the Village of New Maryland,
6004:
5935:
5926:
5820:
5549:
5154:
5026:
4965:
4943:
4921:
4805:
4757:
4631:
4505:
4495:
4443:
4073:
4063:
3937:
3927:
3587:
3571:
3515:
3410:
3406:
3123:
3093:
2358:
2339:
2277:
is a modern cross variant used on rectangular flags only, introduced for rectangular
2025:
2021:
1989:
1953:
1913:
1620:
1448:
1156:
832:
564:
512:), but in the 14th century the plain cross is used in the seals and flags of several
320:
308:
238:
204:(1249â1323), showing a knight on horseback displaying the Savoy cross on his shield,
183:
171:
3691:
2530:
Helmut Nickel, "Ăber das Hochmeisterwappen des Deutschen Ordens im Heiligen Lande",
1948:, a very frequent charge in British and French armory, appearing in the arms of the
1842:
A Latin cross standing on steps (mostly three in number) is known as Calvary cross.
1228:
611:
5816:
5772:
5760:
5681:
5483:
5288:
5235:
5230:
5164:
5149:
5091:
5056:
4906:
4901:
4834:
4800:
4728:
4571:
4351:
4175:
4013:
3450:
3133:
2975:
2469:
2242:
2014:
1925:
1660:
1474:
1404:
1364:
1272:
684:
560:
513:
505:
471:
388:
370:
316:
3811:
3623:
2077:
1983:
6187:
6099:
5784:
5629:
5614:
5609:
5544:
5225:
5189:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5016:
4988:
4762:
4685:
4281:
4093:
3997:
3603:
3465:
3420:
3360:
3327:
3255:
3103:
3083:
2547:
2519:
2362:
2307:
flag originates in 1906 as a colour-switched version of the flag of Switzerland.
2289:
2282:
2083:
1961:
1949:
1083:
973:
680:
650:
646:
588:
400:
392:
366:
328:
304:
270:
242:
234:
150:
99:
65:
45:
5848:
5303:
4141:
4003:
3771:
3681:
3661:
3565:
3501:
3426:
3323:
2636:
1689:
1175:
6111:
6077:
6070:
5624:
5589:
5381:
5308:
5293:
5273:
5011:
4856:
4851:
4745:
4733:
4607:
4459:
4291:
4271:
4266:
4256:
4214:
4209:
4151:
4083:
3889:
3761:
3675:
3627:
3485:
3390:
3237:
3205:
3089:
3025:
2985:
2300:
originates in the 18th century due to the rectangular shape of maritime flags.
2180:
2029:
1916:. Also found in the Scottish arms of Mulino from Venezuela and in the coats of
1881:
1653:
1323:
1183:
1079:
788:
638:
634:
439:
158:
4535:
3376:
6209:
6159:
6094:
6065:
5725:
5649:
5581:
4670:
4308:
4261:
4185:
4113:
4053:
3805:
3641:
3607:
3555:
3525:
3460:
3350:
3307:
3195:
3065:
3055:
3001:
2262:
2258:
2146:
1957:
1408:
1319:
804:
537:
312:
292:
146:
53:
5534:
4551:
3953:
3751:
2991:
2197:
1356:
287:) and the white-on-red crusaders' cross were continued independently in the
6172:
Non-traditional, regional, or rarely used (sometimes considered unheraldic)
6149:
6127:
6082:
5960:
5619:
5524:
5159:
5086:
5051:
4896:
4829:
4752:
4690:
4365:
4303:
4276:
4251:
4246:
4229:
4171:
4069:
4043:
3967:
3645:
3617:
3583:
3505:
3495:
3475:
3297:
3285:
3275:
3261:
3185:
3163:
3153:
3079:
3011:
2297:
2278:
2274:
2214:
1965:
1693:
1451:
in England. In early armory it was not consistently distinguished from the
1440:
1432:
1248:
1208:
626:
618:
592:
576:
572:
335:
230:
226:
115:
37:
19:
5561:
5278:
5257:
4561:
4161:
3346:
2540:
Edition deutschsprachiger Quellen aus dem Ostseeraum (14.-16. Jahrhundert)
1333:
1282:
6154:
5996:
5493:
5473:
5341:
5220:
4983:
4612:
4511:
4345:
4318:
4234:
3923:
3715:
3633:
3597:
3551:
3545:
3440:
3416:
3370:
3356:
3251:
3045:
3035:
2451:
has no family coats of arms with crosses, but shows plain crosses in the
2254:
2130:
1775:
1741:
1613:
1484:
1374:
1305:
1160:
1088:
1071:
904:
676:
580:
509:
123:
119:
73:
69:
5969:
5566:
5041:
4531:
4419:
4361:
4131:
4109:
3983:
3671:
3481:
3201:
3175:
3171:
3159:
3119:
2774:
1516:
1400:. In early armory it is not always distinguished from a cross crosslet.
1242:
1201:
1169:
48:
an emblem from the 11th century, and increasingly during the age of the
5654:
5644:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5539:
5413:
5371:
5351:
5323:
5313:
4700:
4565:
4521:
4491:
4473:
4375:
4241:
4099:
4059:
3899:
3895:
3841:
3831:
3801:
3651:
3400:
3337:
3303:
3109:
3061:
2266:
2202:
1564:
Upright cross with truncated angled arms; essentially a variant of the
1426:
1187:
1103:
1075:
1067:
1058:
1042:
607:
508:(for the same reason, the eagle was rarely used as a charge because it
291:
of various states in the 13th and 14th century, including the Duchy of
130:
103:
5988:
4541:
4463:
4191:
4119:
3741:
3721:
3701:
3613:
3593:
3491:
3293:
3243:
3149:
2981:
2635:
General, Office of the Secretary to the Governor (November 12, 2020).
1298:
meaning "forked"). An example is the South African Postal Association
1222:
6055:
5659:
5639:
5634:
5443:
5428:
5245:
4950:
4545:
4501:
4479:
4033:
3963:
3905:
3855:
3821:
3541:
3436:
3366:
3271:
3031:
2304:
2184:
2129:(Î) in each of its angles, which represent the imperial motto of the
2044:
1859:
1630:
1557:
1097:
633:) for merchant ships. The Danish design was adopted for the flags of
311:, which last two had special devotions to St George on one hand; and
216:
189:
77:
5298:
5174:
4371:
3915:
3561:
3531:
3511:
1676:
338:, from about 1250. A roll of arms of the 13th century (the reign of
6144:
5686:
5571:
5498:
5478:
5423:
5366:
5361:
5356:
4926:
4654:
4555:
4515:
4433:
4409:
4039:
3987:
3909:
3885:
3851:
3781:
3446:
3227:
2796:
2775:"portate â definition, examples, related words and more at Wordnik"
1647:
1565:
1268:
134:
49:
41:
5905:
5857:
4341:
3933:
3223:
2819:
1763:
1735:
918:
chequy, compony, counter-compony, fretty, trellised, vair maçonnée
5796:
5554:
5488:
5458:
5438:
5433:
5418:
5398:
5252:
5240:
5210:
5169:
5133:
5066:
5021:
4817:
4778:
4595:
4453:
4423:
4355:
4335:
4331:
4322:
3943:
3791:
3731:
3711:
3685:
3386:
3233:
3099:
2205:
2113:
1899:
1393:
1264:
1057:
A saltire triple parted fretted in the municipal coat of arms of
912:
The ordinary cross may also be varied in its tincture, it may be
700:
86:
4181:
4049:
3456:
3313:
3191:
3051:
2086:(a cross potent between four plain crosslets); Jerusalem cross)
2008:
1833:
1696:. Also known as a "Portuguese Cross", it is associated with the
6132:
6106:
5881:
5713:
5503:
5393:
5376:
5346:
5126:
5081:
5071:
4812:
4695:
4029:
3973:
3947:
3521:
3471:
3396:
3317:
3181:
2914:
2365:, "flared cross" Arras, BM MS 559 (435), vol. 1 (c. 1000â1050).
2218:
1845:
1781:
1749:
1577:
1041:
A cross triple parted fretted in the municipal coat of arms of
836:
622:
532:
81:
4399:
3129:
3041:
2690:"CIVIC HERALDRY OF ENGLAND AND WALES - CORNWALL (1974 - 2009)"
1998:
in the late 12th century, and also appears on the more recent
1392:, i.e. "furnished with knobs or buttons"), i.e. shaped like a
1146:
5748:
5403:
5076:
4955:
4938:
4469:
3993:
2879:"Heraldry of the World (HOTW) - the largest site on heraldry"
2604:"National Archives of South Africa (NASA) Database Selection"
2233:
1607:
1597:
1541:
1532:) has a round knob at the end of each arm, as in the coat of
237:
showing a full crucifix including the figure of Christ), the
1551:
1465:) is a special form of the cross fleury used by the Spanish
1415:, it also appears in the canton of the arms and flag of the
178:
174:(seal of Niketas, commander of the Byzantine imperial fleet)
5852:
5061:
4623:
4429:
4403:
4298:
3071:
3021:
2466:"Edmund Spenser's Poem: The Faerie Queene, Book I, Canto 1"
2126:
1355:
Church, Cornwall. The religious symbol of Latvian religion
1155:
When the ordinary cross is couped it acquires aspects of a
1074:, e.g. the fimbriated crosses in the national flags of the
422:
288:
196:
4449:
2925:
2637:"The Public Register of Arms, Flags, and Badges of Canada"
2236:, the red-on-white cross that would later become known as
1593:
641:(1906), both derived from a common ensign used during the
4382:
4379:
1292:
One form of the heraldic cross fourchy or cross fourche (
1005:) when the second cross is of the tincture of the field.
567:
in 1205. The coat of arms representing the grand master (
40:
were developed for the purpose of the emerging system of
2099:
1912:
A special form of the cross flory fitchy is used by the
2317:
Seymour, William Wood (1898). "The Cross in Heraldry".
1457:. A version of the cross flory is used by the Romanian
2754:"A Glossary Of Terms Used In Heraldry By James Parker"
1411:; and a Latin cross trefly can be seen in the coat of
482:
of Baudouin Dakeney. In addition, the Glover Roll has
1092:, introduced originally as identification for German
225:, a 17th-century copy of a late 13th-century English
2102:; also in the Canadian coat of Robert Gerald Guest (
1972:
found between the antlers of the stag supporters of
2842:"Shirley Association Genealogical Research Website"
2140:
334:The cross appears as heraldic charge in the oldest
2269:(as naval flag) was introduced in 1606, after the
1774:The inverted Latin cross is known as the Cross of
1592:, as it were combining four capital Greek letters
1096:in 1918 and later used as a vehicle emblem by the
550:For whose sweete sake that glorious badge he wore,
229:. Crosses are shown on the arms of: the legendary
2620:Terminology of Robson, Thomas, The British Herald
1688:A form of cross which resembling a mix between a
76:) was used from the 5th century, deriving from a
6207:
4576:Descriptions in antiquity of the execution cross
1461:. Another version, the "Cross of Saint Julian" (
1349:Robert Willoughby, 1st Baron Willoughby de Broke
960:Argent a cross vert quarter pierced of the field
707:The ordinary cross may further be modify in its
114:(7th century), coins also depict simply crosses
106:is used in Byzantine coins and seals during the
2791:
2455:, including Constance, Speier, Trier and Mainz.
2417:T.D. Tremlett, 'Rolls of Arms of Henri III' in
2253:Crosses on flags become more widespread in the
600:and gave rise to the cross patty in the German
679:), as far as possible within the shape of the
4639:
2941:
1746:The Latin cross has an elongated lower limb.
1445:Municipalité de la Paroisse de Saint-Philémon
2421:II, Society of Antiquaries of London (1958).
2396:
2104:Canadian Public Register Volume III, page 85
1869:
1804:The sideways Latin cross is associated with
1527:
1500:
1419:, where it is blazoned as "cross crosslet".
1293:
1101:
376:
357:
346:
2134:
1664:
1659:A form of cross which resembles four hazel
1536:, England. The name is derived from French
23:Collection of heraldic cross variants from
4646:
4632:
2948:
2934:
2795:; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905).
2660:. The Episcopal Church. 1940. p. 288.
1669:. It was fairly rare in English heraldry.
1499:(d.1260). The name is derived from French
579:superimposed on the black cross, with the
554:Upon his shield the like was also scor'd.
546:And on his brest a bloodie crosse he bore,
98:in use from at least the 2nd century. The
2560:
2558:
2556:
2265:in the 18th to 19th century, the British
2145:"King of Kings, Ruling Over Kings"). The
2142:Basileus BasileĆn, BasileuĆn BasileuontĆn
2136:ÎČαÏÎčλΔáœșÏ ÎČαÏÎčλÎÏÎœ, ÎČαÏÎčλΔÏÏÎœ ÎČαÏÎčλΔÏ
ÏÎœÏÏÎœ
1066:A voided cross might also be blazoned as
948:Argent a cross azure pierced of the field
548:The deare remembrance of his dying Lord,
2897:"South Buckinghamshire District Council"
2630:
2628:
2626:
2376:The Publications of the Harleian Society
2320:The Cross in Tradition, History, and Art
2213:(launched 1514) as depicted in the 1546
2196:
2170:
2167:List of national flags depicting a cross
1152:Cross hummetty (couped, alaisée, alésée)
1070:. Fimbriated crosses are more common in
936:has a square at the intersection point.
486:as a tincture in several coats of arms.
369:, Peter's funerary monument displays an
215:
195:
177:
165:
18:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2634:
2316:
2261:, and from this tradition develop into
480:azure a cross or, four lions rampant or
460:or a cross saltire gules, a chief gules
6208:
2553:
2494:(grand master, head of the order) and
2250:possibly from the early 13th century.
1974:South Buckinghamshire District Council
887:Azure a saltire embattled parted or (
552:And dead, as living ever, his ador'd:
478:of Hamond (Robert) de Crevecoeur, and
448:or a cross gules, five scallops argent
426:of Guillaume de Forz, Comte d'Aumale,
4627:
2929:
2817:
2807:(1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
2623:
2054:
559:The black-on-white cross worn by the
535:of romance, as expressed by Spenser (
170:9th-century Byzantine seal showing a
4581:List of tallest crosses in the world
2866:
2567:A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry
2502:) were united in 1525. The title of
2435:A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry
2359:Round Shield Designs (vikingage.org)
2240:, and the white-on-red cross of the
863:Or a cross chequy gules and sable
819:Or a cross per fess gules and azure
711:(i.e. modification of its edges as
273:showing a cross and five martlets).
133:by the Christian troops during the
13:
2310:
1453:
1384:A cross with the ends of the arms
1159:(rather than an ordinary), i.e. a
153:, and the white-on-red one by the
14:
6237:
2907:
2818:Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920).
1443:â as in the coats of arms of the
1396:âand so it is sometimes called a
1351:(d.1502) sculpted on his tomb at
1207:
1115:
671:without any addition signifies a
656:
502:heraldry of the Holy Roman Empire
6181:
5847:
5815:
4606:
4594:
4570:
4560:
4550:
4540:
4530:
4520:
4510:
4500:
4490:
4478:
4468:
4458:
4448:
4438:
4428:
4418:
4408:
4398:
4370:
4360:
4350:
4340:
4330:
4190:
4180:
4170:
4160:
4150:
4140:
4130:
4118:
4108:
4098:
4088:
4078:
4068:
4058:
4048:
4038:
4028:
4020:
4012:
4002:
3992:
3982:
3972:
3962:
3952:
3942:
3932:
3922:
3914:
3904:
3894:
3884:
3868:
3850:
3840:
3830:
3820:
3810:
3800:
3790:
3780:
3770:
3760:
3750:
3740:
3730:
3720:
3710:
3700:
3690:
3680:
3670:
3660:
3650:
3640:
3632:
3622:
3612:
3602:
3592:
3582:
3570:
3560:
3550:
3540:
3530:
3520:
3510:
3500:
3490:
3480:
3470:
3455:
3445:
3435:
3425:
3415:
3405:
3395:
3385:
3375:
3365:
3355:
3345:
3332:
3322:
3312:
3302:
3292:
3280:
3270:
3260:
3250:
3242:
3232:
3222:
3210:
3200:
3190:
3180:
3170:
3158:
3148:
3138:
3128:
3118:
3108:
3098:
3088:
3078:
3070:
3060:
3050:
3040:
3030:
3020:
3010:
3000:
2990:
2980:
2970:
2913:
2112:
2076:
2036:. It appears in the arms of the
2007:
1982:
1933:
1898:
1880:
1858:
1844:
1832:
1813:
1794:
1787:Cross of Saint Peter in heraldry
1780:
1762:
1748:
1734:
1715:
1675:
1646:
1629:
1606:
1550:
1515:
1483:
1425:
1403:It occurs counterchanged on the
1373:
1332:
1304:
1281:
1241:
1221:
1200:
1168:
1145:
1050:
1034:
1022:
1010:
981:
965:
953:
941:
896:
880:
875:Argent a saltire engrailed azure
868:
856:
844:
835:, in each quarter a pale gules (
824:
812:
796:
780:
689:cross of gules in a field argent
2889:
2852:
2834:
2811:
2785:
2767:
2746:
2730:
2718:
2700:
2682:
2664:
2647:
2614:
2596:
2583:
2574:
643:Union between Sweden and Norway
323:and (possibly from the latter)
2804:New International Encyclopedia
2641:The Governor General of Canada
2524:
2484:
2458:
2441:
2426:
2411:
2381:
2368:
2352:
2125:A Greek cross with the letter
2040:, which itself appears in the
1126:
251:the Palaiologos dynasty emblem
16:Cross symbols used in heraldry
1:
2345:
1029:Or a cross triple parted vert
432:gules a cross saltire engrele
5938:(metal in the United States)
4653:
2608:www.national.archsrch.gov.za
2378:, Volume 100 (1950), p. 169.
2246:used as the war flag of the
468:gules a cross saltire argent
452:gules a cross fourchy argent
381:d'argent a la crois de goulz
351:, d'or a ung crois de goulez
7:
2955:
2481:Retrieved February 27, 2016
2328:
2141:
2133:dynasty (mid-13th century,
2090:The symbol of the Crusader
1108:cross" is a variant of the
1017:Argent a cross voided sable
456:argent a cross fleury sable
436:argent a cross fleury azure
434:of Fulke de Escherdestone,
428:gules a cross fleury argent
362:, goules ung crois d'argent
157:(also white-on-black); the
10:
6242:
2862:. Vol. 87. p. 0.
2846:www.shirleyassociation.com
2164:
1459:Order of Michael the Brave
1439:A cross whose arms end in
1345:Beauchamp earls of Warwick
1119:
851:Sable a cross engrailed or
660:
59:
6168:
6120:
6048:
6021:
5945:
5914:
5868:
5806:
5735:
5700:
5672:
5580:
5517:
5332:
5266:
5203:
5142:
4997:
4964:
4887:
4771:
4716:
4661:
4589:
4391:
4317:
4202:
3877:
3866:
2963:
2135:
1851:Calvary cross in heraldry
1755:Latin crosses in heraldry
1700:. It is fairly common in
1288:Cross fourchy (fourchée)
1102:
571:) is shown with a golden
247:Emperor of Constantinople
202:Amadeus V, Count of Savoy
110:(6th century). Under the
4376:Staurogram/Monogrammatic
2509:Hoch- und Deutschmeister
2230:insignia cruxata comunis
2160:
2000:coat of arms of Slovakia
1534:Penwith District Council
1122:Christian cross variants
803:Gules a saltire argent (
637:(civil ensign 1821) and
484:semy of crosses crosslet
365:(white on red): this is
188:a cross, quarterly four
129:The cross was used as a
6176:List of oldest heraldry
4601:Christianity portal
2694:www.civicheraldry.co.uk
2453:flags of several cities
1996:coat of arms of Hungary
1540:, "grown round like an
1380:Cross bottony (trefly)
1178:(patty, formée, formy)
993:The cross voided (also
476:or a cross voided gules
4414:Armenian eternity sign
2986:Anchored/Saint Clement
2827:Encyclopedia Americana
2534:4/1990, 97–108 (
2397:
2225:
2194:
2190:Froissart's Chronicles
1940:Cross crosslet fitchy
1918:Santa Cruz de Tenerife
1870:
1825:Gilbert of Sempringham
1801:Cross of Saint Philip
1698:Portuguese discoveries
1665:
1528:
1501:
1294:
787:Gules a cross argent (
557:
510:represented the empire
446:of William de Sarren,
444:azure three crosses or
377:
358:
347:
275:
213:
193:
175:
33:
4526:Shield of the Trinity
3608:Portate/Saint Gilbert
2883:Heraldry of the World
2860:Scots Public Register
2725:Scots Public Register
2513:Bernhard Peter (2011)
2200:
2174:
2165:Further information:
1946:cross crosslet fitchy
1905:Cross fleury fitchy (
1888:Cross pattée fitchée
1853:at Wikimedia Commons
1789:at Wikimedia Commons
1757:at Wikimedia Commons
1683:Order of Christ Cross
1560:(gammate, cramponny)
1120:Further information:
1112:using a cross patty.
661:Further information:
543:
405:gules, a cross argent
285:Cross of Saint George
219:
199:
181:
169:
145:agreed to launch the
22:
4299:Rood/Triumphal cross
3736:Saint James/Santiago
3686:Saltire/Saint Andrew
3361:Grapevine/Saint Nino
2922:at Wikimedia Commons
2885:. December 28, 2022.
2591:An heraldic alphabet
2120:Tetragrammatic cross
2092:Kingdom of Jerusalem
2038:Jagiellonian dynasty
2034:archiepiscopal cross
1970:crosses formy fitchy
1907:Cross of Saint James
1770:Cross of Saint Peter
926:chequy of nine panes
693:Saint George's Cross
569:Deutschmeisterwappen
454:of Gilbert de Vale,
430:of Guillaume Vescy,
421:gules a cross flory
413:argent a cross gules
349:Le Conte de Norffolk
340:Henry III of England
303:and the Kingdoms of
295:, the Electorate of
267:Edward the Confessor
208:(shoulder-pads) and
96:crucifixion of Jesus
6216:Crosses in heraldry
6188:Heraldry portal
5615:Hastings/Hungerford
4902:Crowns and coronets
4874:National traditions
4566:Triskelion/Triskele
4008:Cuthbert's pectoral
3431:Jerusalem (Kingdom)
3421:Jerusalem/Crusaders
2920:Crosses in heraldry
2294:flag of Switzerland
2271:Union of the Crowns
2179:used alongside the
2084:Cross-and-crosslets
1966:Rattray of that Ilk
1962:Macpherson of Cluny
1702:Portuguese heraldry
1497:William de Fortibus
1447:in Canada and the
1322:for its use by the
663:Ordinary (heraldry)
354:(viz. red on gold);
299:, the Bishopric of
155:Knights Hospitaller
143:Philip II of France
139:Henry II of England
5572:Waterlily/Seeblatt
4796:Ancient and modern
2736:cited in Parker's
2727:volume 31, page 20
2518:2015-09-23 at the
2504:Magister Germaniae
2500:Magister Germaniae
2361:: "simple cross":
2335:St. Andrew's Cross
2248:Holy Roman Emperor
2226:
2210:Henry Grace Ă Dieu
2195:
2151:Illyrian Armorials
2055:Additional charges
1922:Caracas, Venezuela
1806:Philip the Apostle
1706:Brazilian heraldry
1471:Order of Calatrava
1467:Order of AlcĂĄntara
1463:Cruz de San JuliĂĄn
1163:with equal limbs.
603:Reichskriegsflagge
598:Kingdom of Prussia
585:Louis IX of France
541:book 1, canto 1):
458:of John Lamplowe,
276:
214:
194:
176:
34:
30:Heraldischer Atlas
25:Hugo Gerard Ströhl
6221:Christian symbols
6203:
6202:
6044:
6043:
5982:(color in Canada)
5668:
5667:
4621:
4620:
4536:Sunwheel swastika
3919:Blanc croix rouge
2918:Media related to
2536:mgh-bibliothek.de
2447:The 14th-century
2340:Fillet (heraldry)
2238:St George's Cross
2223:St George's Cross
2158:
2157:
2052:
2051:
2026:patriarchal cross
2022:cross of Lorraine
1990:Patriarchal cross
1954:Marquess of Ailsa
1914:order of Santiago
1849:Media related to
1785:Media related to
1753:Media related to
1713:
1712:
1621:Arrow Cross Party
1449:Borough of Woking
889:John Allen-Petrie
673:heraldic ordinary
645:1818–1844,
514:prince-bishoprics
472:Robert de Neville
321:Holy Roman Empire
274:
257:s interpreted as
239:King of Jerusalem
186:(attested 1225),
184:Bouchard de Marly
172:patriarchal cross
137:. In 1188, Kings
112:Heraclian dynasty
80:representing the
6233:
6226:Heraldic charges
6186:
6185:
6184:
6024:
6011:
6003:
5995:
5987:
5977:
5967:
5959:
5956:
5948:
5933:
5925:
5917:
5904:
5901:
5892:
5889:
5880:
5877:
5851:
5819:
5795:
5792:
5783:
5780:
5771:
5768:
5759:
5756:
5747:
5744:
5724:
5721:
5712:
5709:
5698:
5697:
5682:Rule of tincture
5399:Griffin/Keythong
4995:
4994:
4686:Officers of arms
4648:
4641:
4634:
4625:
4624:
4611:
4610:
4599:
4598:
4574:
4564:
4554:
4544:
4534:
4524:
4514:
4504:
4494:
4482:
4472:
4462:
4452:
4442:
4432:
4422:
4412:
4402:
4374:
4364:
4354:
4344:
4334:
4194:
4184:
4174:
4164:
4154:
4144:
4134:
4122:
4112:
4102:
4092:
4082:
4072:
4062:
4052:
4042:
4032:
4024:
4016:
4006:
3996:
3988:Cross cramponnée
3986:
3976:
3966:
3956:
3946:
3936:
3926:
3918:
3908:
3898:
3888:
3872:
3871:
3854:
3846:Syriac (Western)
3844:
3836:Syriac (Eastern)
3834:
3824:
3816:Serbian Orthodox
3814:
3804:
3794:
3784:
3774:
3764:
3754:
3744:
3734:
3724:
3714:
3704:
3694:
3684:
3674:
3666:Russian Orthodox
3664:
3654:
3644:
3636:
3626:
3616:
3606:
3596:
3586:
3574:
3564:
3554:
3544:
3534:
3524:
3514:
3504:
3494:
3484:
3474:
3459:
3449:
3439:
3429:
3419:
3409:
3399:
3389:
3379:
3369:
3359:
3349:
3336:
3326:
3316:
3306:
3296:
3284:
3274:
3264:
3254:
3246:
3236:
3226:
3214:
3204:
3194:
3184:
3174:
3162:
3152:
3142:
3132:
3122:
3112:
3102:
3092:
3082:
3074:
3064:
3054:
3044:
3034:
3024:
3014:
3004:
2994:
2984:
2974:
2950:
2943:
2936:
2927:
2926:
2917:
2901:
2900:
2893:
2887:
2886:
2875:
2864:
2863:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2838:
2832:
2831:
2823:
2815:
2809:
2808:
2800:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2761:
2756:. Heraldsnet.org
2750:
2744:
2734:
2728:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2686:
2680:
2679:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2632:
2621:
2618:
2612:
2611:
2600:
2594:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2572:
2562:
2551:
2528:
2522:
2488:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2468:. Archived from
2462:
2456:
2445:
2439:
2430:
2424:
2415:
2409:
2400:
2385:
2379:
2372:
2366:
2356:
2324:
2296:. The elongated
2243:Reichssturmfahne
2177:St George's Flag
2144:
2138:
2137:
2116:
2080:
2062:
2061:
2015:Two-barred cross
2011:
1986:
1944:Shown here is a
1937:
1926:Santiago de Tete
1902:
1884:
1873:
1862:
1848:
1836:
1817:
1798:
1784:
1766:
1752:
1738:
1720:
1719:
1679:
1668:
1650:
1633:
1610:
1554:
1531:
1519:
1504:
1487:
1475:Order of Montesa
1429:
1417:Episcopal Church
1413:Isidore Popowych
1405:flag of Maryland
1377:
1336:
1308:
1297:
1285:
1273:House of Broglie
1245:
1225:
1211:
1204:
1172:
1149:
1131:
1130:
1107:
1106:
1094:LuftstreitkrÀfte
1054:
1038:
1026:
1014:
995:une fausse croix
985:
969:
957:
945:
907:throughout sable
900:
884:
872:
860:
848:
828:
816:
800:
784:
561:Teutonic Knights
450:of Ralph Bigod,
397:or a cross gules
383:
364:
360:Piers de Sauvoye
353:
220:
212:(horse covering)
108:Heraclian period
6241:
6240:
6236:
6235:
6234:
6232:
6231:
6230:
6206:
6205:
6204:
6199:
6182:
6180:
6164:
6116:
6040:
6022:
6017:
6009:
6001:
5993:
5985:
5975:
5965:
5957:
5954:
5946:
5941:
5931:
5923:
5915:
5910:
5902:
5899:
5890:
5887:
5878:
5875:
5864:
5802:
5793:
5790:
5781:
5778:
5769:
5766:
5757:
5754:
5745:
5742:
5731:
5722:
5719:
5710:
5707:
5696:
5664:
5630:Hungerford knot
5600:Cavendish/Savoy
5576:
5513:
5328:
5262:
5199:
5138:
4993:
4960:
4883:
4767:
4712:
4657:
4652:
4622:
4617:
4613:Arts portal
4605:
4593:
4585:
4387:
4313:
4198:
3873:
3869:
3864:
3536:Order of Christ
3328:Globus cruciger
3144:Catherine wheel
2959:
2954:
2910:
2905:
2904:
2895:
2894:
2890:
2877:
2876:
2867:
2858:
2857:
2853:
2840:
2839:
2835:
2816:
2812:
2790:
2786:
2773:
2772:
2768:
2759:
2757:
2752:
2751:
2747:
2735:
2731:
2723:
2719:
2712:www.seiyaku.com
2706:
2705:
2701:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2676:www.seiyaku.com
2672:"Patonce Cross"
2670:
2669:
2665:
2657:
2653:
2652:
2648:
2633:
2624:
2619:
2615:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2588:
2584:
2579:
2575:
2563:
2554:
2529:
2525:
2520:Wayback Machine
2490:The offices of
2489:
2485:
2475:
2473:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2449:ZĂŒrich armorial
2446:
2442:
2431:
2427:
2416:
2412:
2386:
2382:
2373:
2369:
2363:Bayeux Tapestry
2357:
2353:
2348:
2331:
2313:
2311:Further reading
2290:flag of Denmark
2232:of the city of
2169:
2163:
2096:flag of Georgia
2057:
1950:House of Howard
1843:
1779:
1747:
1718:
1526:A cross pommy (
1339:Cross crosslet
1263:. As a mark of
1129:
1124:
1118:
1062:
1055:
1046:
1039:
1030:
1027:
1018:
1015:
989:
986:
977:
970:
961:
958:
949:
946:
908:
901:
892:
885:
876:
873:
864:
861:
852:
849:
840:
829:
820:
817:
808:
801:
792:
785:
665:
659:
589:Jerusalem cross
563:was granted by
556:
553:
551:
549:
547:
506:imperial symbol
401:earl of Norfolk
393:British Library
384:(red on white).
278:
277:
271:attributed arms
243:Jerusalem cross
235:attributed arms
151:Knights Templar
100:globus cruciger
66:Christian cross
62:
46:Christian cross
17:
12:
11:
5:
6239:
6229:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6201:
6200:
6198:
6197:
6196:
6195:
6178:
6173:
6169:
6166:
6165:
6163:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6142:
6141:
6140:
6130:
6124:
6122:
6118:
6117:
6115:
6114:
6112:Trophy of arms
6109:
6104:
6103:
6102:
6092:
6091:
6090:
6080:
6075:
6074:
6073:
6071:banner of arms
6063:
6058:
6052:
6050:
6046:
6045:
6042:
6041:
6039:
6038:
6033:
6027:
6025:
6019:
6018:
6016:
6015:
6007:
5999:
5991:
5983:
5973:
5963:
5951:
5949:
5943:
5942:
5940:
5939:
5929:
5920:
5918:
5912:
5911:
5909:
5908:
5897:
5885:
5872:
5870:
5866:
5865:
5863:
5862:
5861:
5860:
5845:
5844:
5843:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5812:
5810:
5804:
5803:
5801:
5800:
5788:
5776:
5764:
5752:
5739:
5737:
5733:
5732:
5730:
5729:
5717:
5704:
5702:
5695:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5678:
5676:
5670:
5669:
5666:
5665:
5663:
5662:
5657:
5655:Tristram/Bowen
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5586:
5584:
5578:
5577:
5575:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5558:
5557:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5521:
5519:
5515:
5514:
5512:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5385:
5384:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5338:
5336:
5330:
5329:
5327:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5270:
5268:
5264:
5263:
5261:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5249:
5248:
5243:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5207:
5205:
5201:
5200:
5198:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5146:
5144:
5140:
5139:
5137:
5136:
5131:
5130:
5129:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5003:
5001:
4992:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4970:
4968:
4962:
4961:
4959:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4947:
4946:
4936:
4935:
4934:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4893:
4891:
4885:
4884:
4882:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4870:
4869:
4864:
4854:
4849:
4848:
4847:
4842:
4832:
4827:
4826:
4825:
4815:
4810:
4809:
4808:
4798:
4793:
4792:
4791:
4781:
4775:
4773:
4769:
4768:
4766:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4749:
4748:
4741:Ecclesiastical
4738:
4737:
4736:
4731:
4720:
4718:
4714:
4713:
4711:
4710:
4709:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4662:
4659:
4658:
4651:
4650:
4643:
4636:
4628:
4619:
4618:
4616:
4615:
4603:
4590:
4587:
4586:
4584:
4583:
4578:
4568:
4558:
4548:
4538:
4528:
4518:
4508:
4498:
4496:Solomon's knot
4488:
4476:
4466:
4456:
4446:
4436:
4426:
4416:
4406:
4395:
4393:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4368:
4358:
4348:
4338:
4327:
4325:
4315:
4314:
4312:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4295:
4294:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4238:
4237:
4232:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4206:
4204:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4196:
4188:
4178:
4168:
4166:Teutonic Order
4158:
4148:
4138:
4128:
4127:
4126:
4106:
4096:
4086:
4076:
4066:
4056:
4046:
4036:
4026:
4018:
4010:
4000:
3990:
3980:
3978:Coptic (Early)
3970:
3960:
3950:
3940:
3930:
3920:
3912:
3902:
3892:
3881:
3879:
3875:
3874:
3867:
3865:
3863:
3862:
3848:
3838:
3828:
3818:
3808:
3798:
3788:
3778:
3768:
3758:
3748:
3738:
3728:
3718:
3708:
3698:
3688:
3678:
3668:
3658:
3648:
3638:
3630:
3620:
3610:
3600:
3590:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3558:
3548:
3538:
3528:
3518:
3508:
3498:
3488:
3478:
3468:
3463:
3453:
3443:
3433:
3423:
3413:
3403:
3393:
3383:
3381:Greek Orthodox
3373:
3363:
3353:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3320:
3310:
3300:
3290:
3289:
3288:
3268:
3258:
3248:
3240:
3238:Cruciform halo
3230:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3198:
3188:
3178:
3168:
3167:
3166:
3146:
3136:
3126:
3116:
3106:
3096:
3086:
3076:
3068:
3058:
3048:
3038:
3028:
3018:
3016:Archiepiscopal
3008:
2998:
2988:
2978:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2960:
2953:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2930:
2924:
2923:
2909:
2908:External links
2906:
2903:
2902:
2888:
2865:
2851:
2833:
2821:"Fitché"
2810:
2798:"Fitchy"
2784:
2766:
2745:
2729:
2717:
2708:"Pommee Cross"
2699:
2681:
2663:
2646:
2622:
2613:
2595:
2589:Brooke-Little
2582:
2573:
2564:James Parker,
2552:
2544:online edition
2523:
2496:Deutschmeister
2483:
2457:
2440:
2425:
2410:
2380:
2367:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2325:
2312:
2309:
2263:national flags
2259:maritime flags
2181:Royal Standard
2162:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2122:
2117:
2109:
2108:
2100:EOHSJ websites
2087:
2081:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2030:Orthodox cross
2017:
2012:
2004:
2003:
1992:
1987:
1979:
1978:
1941:
1938:
1930:
1929:
1928:, Mozambique.
1910:
1903:
1895:
1894:
1889:
1886:
1876:
1875:
1866:
1863:
1855:
1854:
1840:
1839:Calvary cross
1837:
1829:
1828:
1821:
1820:Cross portate
1818:
1810:
1809:
1802:
1799:
1791:
1790:
1772:
1767:
1759:
1758:
1744:
1739:
1731:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1685:
1680:
1672:
1671:
1656:
1654:Avellane cross
1651:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1636:Cross erminée
1634:
1626:
1625:
1616:
1611:
1603:
1602:
1590:tetragammadion
1561:
1555:
1547:
1546:
1523:
1520:
1512:
1511:
1491:
1490:Cross patoncé
1488:
1480:
1479:
1436:
1430:
1422:
1421:
1381:
1378:
1370:
1369:
1340:
1337:
1329:
1328:
1324:Order of Malta
1314:
1309:
1301:
1300:
1295:croix fourchée
1289:
1286:
1278:
1277:
1252:
1246:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1229:Cross cercelée
1226:
1218:
1217:
1212:
1205:
1197:
1196:
1184:Baron Berkeley
1179:
1173:
1165:
1164:
1153:
1150:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1128:
1125:
1117:
1116:Named variants
1114:
1076:United Kingdom
1064:
1063:
1056:
1049:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1009:
991:
990:
987:
980:
978:
971:
964:
962:
959:
952:
950:
947:
940:
934:cross quadrate
910:
909:
902:
895:
893:
886:
879:
877:
874:
867:
865:
862:
855:
853:
850:
843:
841:
830:
823:
821:
818:
811:
809:
802:
795:
793:
786:
779:
658:
657:Ordinary cross
655:
631:Koffardiflaget
612:Pour le MĂ©rite
581:imperial eagle
544:
464:Robert de Brus
440:John Lexington
417:Robert de Veer
409:Peter of Savoy
386:
385:
379:Robert de Veer
374:
373:on his shield;
355:
331:on the other.
263:King of Greece
164:
163:
159:Teutonic Order
61:
58:
54:national flags
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6238:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6213:
6211:
6194:
6191:
6190:
6189:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6171:
6170:
6167:
6161:
6160:Sigillography
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6139:
6136:
6135:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6125:
6123:
6119:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6101:
6098:
6097:
6096:
6093:
6089:
6086:
6085:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6072:
6069:
6068:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6053:
6051:
6047:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6028:
6026:
6020:
6014:
6008:
6006:
6000:
5998:
5992:
5990:
5984:
5981:
5974:
5971:
5964:
5962:
5953:
5952:
5950:
5944:
5937:
5930:
5928:
5922:
5921:
5919:
5913:
5907:
5898:
5895:
5886:
5883:
5874:
5873:
5871:
5867:
5859:
5856:
5855:
5854:
5850:
5846:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5823:
5822:
5818:
5814:
5813:
5811:
5809:
5805:
5798:
5789:
5786:
5777:
5774:
5765:
5762:
5753:
5750:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5734:
5727:
5718:
5715:
5706:
5705:
5703:
5699:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5679:
5677:
5675:
5671:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5587:
5585:
5583:
5579:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5530:Laurel wreath
5528:
5526:
5523:
5522:
5520:
5516:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5383:
5380:
5379:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5339:
5337:
5335:
5331:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5265:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5202:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5147:
5145:
5141:
5135:
5132:
5128:
5125:
5124:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5037:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5004:
5002:
5000:
4996:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4971:
4969:
4967:
4963:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4945:
4942:
4941:
4940:
4937:
4933:
4930:
4929:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4890:
4886:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4859:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4837:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4824:
4821:
4820:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4807:
4804:
4803:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4790:
4787:
4786:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4770:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4747:
4744:
4743:
4742:
4739:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4726:
4725:
4722:
4721:
4719:
4715:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4688:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4671:Grant of arms
4669:
4667:
4664:
4663:
4660:
4656:
4649:
4644:
4642:
4637:
4635:
4630:
4629:
4626:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4591:
4588:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4573:
4569:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4547:
4543:
4539:
4537:
4533:
4529:
4527:
4523:
4519:
4517:
4513:
4509:
4507:
4503:
4499:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4487:
4486:
4481:
4477:
4475:
4471:
4467:
4465:
4461:
4457:
4455:
4451:
4447:
4445:
4441:
4437:
4435:
4431:
4427:
4425:
4421:
4417:
4415:
4411:
4407:
4405:
4401:
4397:
4396:
4394:
4390:
4384:
4381:
4377:
4373:
4369:
4367:
4363:
4359:
4357:
4353:
4349:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4337:
4333:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4324:
4320:
4316:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4227:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4201:
4193:
4189:
4187:
4183:
4179:
4177:
4173:
4169:
4167:
4163:
4159:
4157:
4153:
4149:
4147:
4143:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4129:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4116:
4115:
4111:
4107:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4095:
4091:
4087:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4065:
4061:
4057:
4055:
4051:
4047:
4045:
4041:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4009:
4005:
4001:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3989:
3985:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3971:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3959:
3955:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3929:
3925:
3921:
3917:
3913:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3893:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3876:
3861:
3860:Saint Anthony
3857:
3853:
3849:
3847:
3843:
3839:
3837:
3833:
3829:
3827:
3823:
3819:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3789:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3757:
3756:Saint Patrick
3753:
3749:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3717:
3716:Saint Florian
3713:
3709:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3687:
3683:
3679:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3659:
3657:
3653:
3649:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3568:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3537:
3533:
3529:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3517:
3513:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3497:
3493:
3489:
3487:
3483:
3479:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3452:
3448:
3444:
3442:
3438:
3434:
3432:
3428:
3424:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3412:
3408:
3404:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3319:
3315:
3311:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3299:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3208:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3009:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2964:In modern use
2962:
2958:
2951:
2946:
2944:
2939:
2937:
2932:
2931:
2928:
2921:
2916:
2912:
2911:
2898:
2892:
2884:
2880:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2861:
2855:
2847:
2843:
2837:
2829:
2828:
2822:
2814:
2806:
2805:
2799:
2794:
2793:Gilman, D. C.
2788:
2780:
2776:
2770:
2755:
2749:
2743:
2739:
2733:
2726:
2721:
2713:
2709:
2703:
2695:
2691:
2685:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2656:
2650:
2642:
2638:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2617:
2609:
2605:
2599:
2592:
2586:
2577:
2570:
2568:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2527:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2510:
2507:the title of
2505:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2487:
2472:on 2016-03-04
2471:
2467:
2461:
2454:
2450:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2429:
2423:
2420:
2414:
2408:
2404:
2403:British Flags
2399:
2394:
2390:
2384:
2377:
2371:
2364:
2360:
2355:
2351:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2322:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2308:
2306:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2279:civil ensigns
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2251:
2249:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2211:
2207:
2204:
2199:
2192:
2191:
2187:'s rebels in
2186:
2182:
2178:
2175:Depiction of
2173:
2168:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2147:Serbian cross
2143:
2132:
2128:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2060:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1958:Earl Cathcart
1955:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1920:, Spain; and
1919:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1897:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1878:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1865:Cross fitchy
1864:
1861:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1847:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1777:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1716:Unequal limbs
1709:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1645:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1628:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1549:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1530:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1455:
1454:cross patoncé
1450:
1446:
1442:
1441:fleurs-de-lys
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1409:New Brunswick
1406:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1361:krustu krusts
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1320:Maltese Cross
1315:
1313:
1312:Maltese cross
1310:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1123:
1113:
1111:
1105:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1086:. The German
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1060:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1037:
1032:
1025:
1020:
1013:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1000:
999:croix chargée
996:
984:
979:
975:
968:
963:
956:
951:
944:
939:
938:
937:
935:
931:
927:
921:
919:
915:
906:
899:
894:
890:
883:
878:
871:
866:
859:
854:
847:
842:
838:
834:
831:Vert a cross
827:
822:
815:
810:
806:
799:
794:
790:
783:
778:
777:
776:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
705:
703:
702:
696:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
664:
654:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
627:civil ensigns
624:
620:
615:
613:
609:
605:
604:
599:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
555:
542:
540:
539:
538:Faerie Queene
534:
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
498:
495:
493:
487:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
424:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
389:Glover's Roll
382:
380:
375:
372:
368:
363:
361:
356:
352:
350:
345:
344:
343:
341:
337:
336:rolls of arms
332:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
221:A section of
218:
211:
207:
203:
198:
192:
191:
185:
180:
173:
168:
162:
160:
156:
152:
148:
147:Third Crusade
144:
140:
136:
132:
127:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
57:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
38:cross symbols
32:
31:
26:
21:
6150:Phaleristics
6083:Roll of arms
6049:Applications
5961:Bleu celeste
5947:Rare colours
5640:Ormonde/Wake
5525:Fleur-de-lis
5087:Inescutcheon
5052:Crozier head
5046:
4897:Coat of arms
4784:Augmentation
4691:King of Arms
4483:
4366:Signum manus
4319:Christograms
4287:Processional
4224:
4220:Conciliation
4146:Saint Julian
3958:Consecration
3825:
3796:Saint Thomas
3776:Saint Philip
3726:Saint George
2996:Anuradhapura
2891:
2882:
2859:
2854:
2845:
2836:
2825:
2813:
2802:
2787:
2778:
2769:
2758:. Retrieved
2748:
2737:
2732:
2724:
2720:
2711:
2702:
2693:
2684:
2675:
2666:
2649:
2640:
2616:
2607:
2598:
2590:
2585:
2576:
2566:
2539:
2531:
2526:
2508:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2486:
2474:. Retrieved
2470:the original
2460:
2443:
2434:
2428:
2418:
2413:
2402:
2393:royal banner
2383:
2375:
2370:
2354:
2319:
2302:
2298:Nordic cross
2287:
2275:Nordic cross
2252:
2241:
2229:
2227:
2215:Anthony Roll
2208:
2188:
2124:
2089:
2071:Description
2058:
2045:of Lithuania
2019:
1969:
1945:
1943:
1891:
1879:
1729:Description
1694:cross potent
1690:cross pattée
1687:
1666:Nux avellana
1658:
1639:
1623:of Hungary.
1618:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1573:
1569:
1563:
1537:
1529:croix pommée
1525:
1522:Cross pommy
1502:patte d'once
1493:
1462:
1452:
1438:
1433:Cross fleury
1402:
1398:cross trefly
1397:
1389:
1385:
1383:
1360:
1342:
1316:
1291:
1260:
1256:
1254:
1249:Cross moline
1234:
1231:(recercely)
1214:
1209:Cross potent
1191:
1181:
1176:Cross pattée
1140:Description
1109:
1087:
1065:
1002:
998:
994:
992:
929:
925:
922:
917:
913:
911:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
706:
699:
697:
688:
687:. The plain
668:
666:
630:
619:Nordic cross
616:
601:
593:fleur-de-lis
577:cross potent
573:cross fleury
568:
565:Innocent III
558:
545:
536:
530:
516:, including
499:
496:
488:
483:
479:
475:
467:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
435:
431:
427:
420:
412:
404:
396:
387:
333:
279:
269:of England (
265:", and King
254:
231:Prester John
227:roll of arms
223:Segar's Roll
222:
209:
205:
187:
128:
91:
85:
63:
36:A number of
35:
28:
6155:Vexillology
5916:Rare metals
5896:(blood red)
5494:Winged lion
5474:Sea-griffin
5409:Hippocampus
5342:Allocamelus
4984:Fimbriation
4912:Compartment
4889:Achievement
4857:Marshalling
4823:distinction
4681:Law of arms
4666:Authorities
4506:Scientology
4346:IX monogram
4203:By function
4136:Saint Alban
3938:Carolingian
3826:Short Sword
3786:Saint Piran
3766:Saint Peter
3706:Saint David
3588:Patriarchal
3441:Latin/Roman
3266:Evangelists
3046:Balkenkreuz
3036:Arrow/Barby
2779:Wordnik.com
2742:Cross barby
2492:Hochmeister
2255:Age of Sail
2131:Palaiologos
2042:modern arms
1976:, England.
1874:, "fixed."
1776:Saint Peter
1742:Latin cross
1614:Cross barby
1558:Cross gamma
1271:and of the
1257:cross ancré
1161:Greek cross
1127:Equal limbs
1110:Balkenkreuz
1089:Balkenkreuz
1072:vexillology
905:cross patty
677:Greek cross
667:The blazon
649:(1915) and
591:, with the
325:Switzerland
74:Greek cross
70:Latin cross
6210:Categories
6100:equestrian
5884:(mulberry)
5610:Harrington
5540:Quatrefoil
5469:Salamander
5414:Hippogriff
5372:Cockatrice
5352:Amphiptere
5324:Wolfsangel
5304:Portcullis
5216:Black swan
5170:Camelopard
4999:Ordinaries
4917:Escutcheon
4867:impalement
4862:quartering
4845:variations
4763:Attributed
4701:pursuivant
4176:Two-barred
3878:Historical
3746:Saint John
3696:Saint Chad
3637:Resistance
3451:Macedonian
3340:'s variant
3338:Archbishop
3134:Canterbury
3006:Archangels
2760:2013-06-13
2532:Der Herold
2476:2016-02-27
2346:References
2267:Union flag
2203:Tudor navy
1588:cross, or
1509:'s pawâ).
1357:Dievturība
1353:Callington
1251:(anchory)
1188:Iron Cross
1186:(see also
1104:Bundeswehr
1068:fimbriated
1059:Hjelmeland
1043:Nova Crnja
930:équipollée
691:is termed
608:Iron Cross
367:attributed
131:field sign
104:staurogram
6193:resources
6138:socialist
6061:Hatchment
6056:Bookplate
6036:Carnation
6023:Realistic
5836:Erminites
5674:Tinctures
5625:Hinckaert
5590:Bourchier
5444:Ouroboros
5429:Manticore
5334:Legendary
5309:Reremouse
5246:Przepaska
5175:Hind/stag
5165:Dog/hound
4974:Attitudes
4951:Supporter
4879:Societies
4840:divisions
4789:abatement
4323:Chrismons
4282:Preaching
4124:Quarterly
4094:Nestorian
4034:Gammadion
4017:Engrailed
3256:Ethiopian
3104:Byzantine
3084:Bulgarian
2419:Aspilogia
2374:see e.g.
2305:Red Cross
2219:streamers
2193:(c. 1470)
2185:Wat Tyler
1586:gammadion
1574:cramponée
1570:cramponny
1359:called a
1098:Wehrmacht
725:bretessée
721:embattled
717:engreslée
713:engrailed
522:Constance
492:Edward II
301:Constance
259:crescents
253:with the
210:caparison
94:) of the
6145:Logotype
6088:Illyrian
5970:BrunĂątre
5894:Sanguine
5831:Erminois
5799:(purple)
5692:Hatching
5687:Tricking
5650:Stafford
5550:Shamrock
5499:Woodwose
5479:Sea-lion
5449:Pantheon
5424:Lindworm
5367:Chollima
5362:Biscione
5357:Basilisk
5279:Crapaudy
5180:Kangaroo
5042:Componée
5036:ĆÄkawica
4932:pavilion
4927:Mantling
4806:courtesy
4801:Alliance
4729:dominion
4724:National
4655:Heraldry
4556:Swastika
4516:Shamrock
4444:Kolovrat
4434:Irminsul
4392:See also
4292:Lalibela
4272:Pectoral
4267:Necklace
4257:Memorial
4225:Heraldry
4215:Blessing
4074:Lorraine
4044:Jewelled
3890:Avellane
3628:Quadrate
3516:Novgorod
3486:Maronite
3411:Jeremiah
3391:Huguenot
3228:Crucifix
3206:Crosslet
3176:Cercelée
3124:Camargue
3094:Burgundy
3026:Armenian
2738:Glossary
2548:Montfort
2516:Archived
2389:Edward I
2329:See also
2292:and the
2221:showing
1661:filberts
1566:swastika
1435:(flory)
1269:Molyneux
1061:(Norway)
1045:(Serbia)
928:(French
773:émanchée
765:dantelly
761:dancetty
741:cannelée
737:invected
729:indented
709:flection
653:(1917).
625:used as
614:orders.
606:and the
317:war flag
281:Heraldry
261:), the "
200:Seal of
190:alerions
182:Seal of
135:Crusades
102:and the
68:emblem (
50:Crusades
42:heraldry
6121:Related
5989:Cendrée
5972:(brown)
5826:Ermines
5797:Purpure
5787:(green)
5763:(black)
5736:Colours
5716:(white)
5620:Heneage
5562:Thistle
5555:Trefoil
5489:Unicorn
5464:Phoenix
5459:Pegasus
5454:Panther
5439:Musimon
5434:Mermaid
5419:Lampago
5389:Enfield
5382:Chinese
5319:Serpent
5314:Scallop
5284:Dolphin
5258:Pelican
5253:Martlet
5241:Szaszor
5211:Alerion
5185:Leopard
5160:Bull/ox
5134:Saltire
5122:Roundel
5097:Lozenge
5067:Flaunch
5032:Chevron
5022:Bordure
5007:Annulet
4979:Erasure
4966:Charges
4830:Canting
4818:Cadency
4779:Armiger
4753:Burgher
4706:private
4676:History
4464:Mjölnir
4454:Lauburu
4424:Ichthys
4356:Labarum
4336:Chi Rho
4309:Wayside
4262:Mission
4186:Victory
4156:Templar
4114:Pierced
4104:Peñalba
4064:Lazarus
4054:Katanga
4025:Erminée
3806:Serbian
3656:Russian
3576:Fitchée
3556:Patonce
3526:Occitan
3461:Maltese
3351:Gnostic
3308:Fourchy
3196:Cossack
3164:Variant
3114:Calvary
3066:Bottony
3056:Bolnisi
2976:Alcoraz
2957:Crosses
2740:, s.v.
2283:Denmark
2217:, with
2206:carrack
2065:Picture
2032:or the
1723:Picture
1692:or the
1582:gammate
1394:trefoil
1390:botonny
1386:bottony
1365:Latvian
1265:cadency
1261:anchory
1192:passant
1134:Picture
1084:Iceland
1082:and of
1003:remplie
805:Neville
733:denchée
701:saltire
651:Finland
647:Iceland
623:pennons
596:by the
526:Cologne
500:In the
399:of the
329:Denmark
319:of the
309:Georgia
305:England
245:), the
87:stauros
78:T-shape
60:History
6133:Emblem
6107:Tabard
6031:Proper
6010:
6005:Orange
6002:
5994:
5986:
5978:
5976:
5968:
5966:
5958:
5955:
5934:
5932:
5927:Copper
5924:
5903:
5900:
5891:
5888:
5882:Murrey
5879:
5876:
5869:Stains
5858:Potent
5821:Ermine
5794:
5791:
5782:
5779:
5775:(blue)
5770:
5767:
5758:
5755:
5746:
5743:
5728:(gold)
5723:
5720:
5714:Argent
5711:
5708:
5701:Metals
5567:Turnip
5518:Plants
5504:Wyvern
5394:Garuda
5377:Dragon
5347:Alphyn
5143:Beasts
5127:Bezant
5082:Hamade
5072:Goutte
5027:Canton
4944:slogan
4922:Helmet
4813:Blazon
4772:Topics
4696:herald
4304:Summit
4277:Plague
4252:Mercat
4247:Market
4230:Nordic
4195:Voided
3968:Coptic
3948:Chouan
3928:Brigid
3646:Ringed
3618:Potent
3566:Pattée
3506:Nordic
3496:Moline
3476:Marian
3466:Marada
3318:Fylfot
3298:Forked
3286:Fitchy
3276:Fleury
3247:Double
3216:Fitchy
3186:Coptic
3154:Celtic
3075:Branch
2593:, p 77
2569:(1894)
2437:(1894)
2273:. The
2028:, the
2024:, the
1956:, the
1952:, the
1578:fylfot
1157:charge
1080:Norway
974:Buller
837:Dinard
833:ermine
769:denché
757:écotée
753:raguly
681:shield
639:Sweden
635:Norway
533:knight
315:, the
206:ailets
116:potent
82:gibbet
6078:Badge
5997:Ochre
5906:Tenné
5773:Azure
5761:Sable
5751:(red)
5749:Gules
5645:Savoy
5605:Dacre
5595:Bowen
5582:Knots
5484:Tyger
5404:Harpy
5289:Emmet
5267:Other
5236:Eagle
5204:Birds
5092:Label
5077:Gyron
5057:Chief
5047:Cross
4989:Lines
4956:Torse
4939:Motto
4907:Crest
4852:Fraud
4835:Field
4758:Women
4746:papal
4734:civic
4717:Types
4235:Pisan
4210:Altar
4084:Neith
3998:Crown
3910:Black
3676:Salem
3598:Pommy
3546:Papal
3371:Greek
2658:(PDF)
2407:p. 37
2257:, as
2234:Genoa
2161:Flags
1871:fiché
1598:gamma
1542:apple
1538:pommé
1507:ounce
1078:, of
1001:, or
932:). A
916:, or
914:party
903:Or a
789:Savoy
749:ondée
685:chief
669:Cross
518:Trier
371:eagle
313:Savoy
297:Trier
293:Genoa
289:flags
241:(the
124:pommy
122:, or
120:patty
6095:Seal
6066:Flag
6013:Rose
5980:Buff
5936:Buff
5853:Vair
5841:Pean
5808:Furs
5785:Vert
5660:Wake
5635:Lacy
5545:Rose
5509:Yale
5299:Lucy
5231:Dove
5226:Crow
5221:Cock
5195:Wolf
5190:Lion
5155:Boar
5150:Bear
5117:Pile
5112:Pall
5107:Pale
5102:Orle
5062:Fess
5017:Bend
4485:Rota
4474:Rose
4404:Ankh
4242:High
3900:Aviz
3401:Iron
2303:The
2281:for
2201:The
2127:beta
2068:Name
1726:Name
1704:and
1580:, a
1576:, a
1473:and
1388:(or
1137:Name
745:wavy
617:The
610:and
524:and
423:vair
327:and
307:and
255:Beta
141:and
92:crux
64:The
6128:Mon
5535:Oak
5294:Ged
5274:Bee
5012:Bar
4546:Sun
4383:Rho
4380:Tau
3856:Tau
2183:by
2106:).
1600:).
1584:or
1572:or
1544:."
1363:in
1259:or
763:or
759:),
751:),
747:, (
743:),
735:),
727:),
719:),
575:or
494:).
470:of
462:of
438:of
415:of
411:,
407:of
403:,
72:or
27:'s
6212::
5726:Or
4321:,
2881:.
2868:^
2844:.
2824:.
2801:.
2777:.
2710:.
2692:.
2674:.
2639:.
2625:^
2606:.
2555:^
2511:.
2405:,
2153:.
2139:-
2047:.
2002:.
1964:,
1960:,
1924:;
1909:)
1827:.
1808:.
1778:.
1708:.
1505:(â
1477:.
1469:,
1367:.
1326:.
1275:.
976:)
771:,
704:.
695:.
528:.
520:,
474:,
466:,
442:,
419:,
126:.
118:,
90:,
56:.
5038:)
5034:(
4647:e
4640:t
4633:v
4378:/
3858:/
2949:e
2942:t
2935:v
2899:.
2848:.
2830:.
2781:.
2763:.
2714:.
2696:.
2678:.
2643:.
2610:.
2571:.
2498:(
2479:.
2323:.
1596:(
1594:Î
891:)
839:)
807:)
791:)
767:(
755:(
739:(
731:(
723:(
715:(
391:(
249:(
233:(
84:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
