1798:
404:
1658:
1539:Она лежала на кровати в маленькой темной комнате, и поэтому мы захватили с собой свечку, чтобы можно было видеть друг друга. Ей 107 лет, она носит вериги... Обычно она беспрестанно работает, расхаживает, шьет для каторжан и для солдат, притом без очков – и никогда не умывается. Но, разумеется, никакого дурного запаха или ощущения нечистоплотности - она седая, у нее милое, тонкое, овальное лицо с прелестными молодыми лучистыми глазами. Она поцеловала и благословила нас... Мне она сказала: «А ты, красавица, тяжелый крест (примешь), не страшись (она повторила это несколько раз). За то, что ты к нам приехала, будут в России 2 церкви строить...». Сказала, чтобы мы не беспокоились относительно детей, что они выдут замуж, остального я не расслышала»
1810:
1131:
1107:
1339:
1123:
1115:
1754:
371:
1770:
772:. Damage resulted in the east cells (its east part was damaged), the bell tower (it lost its roof and domes), the monastery wall (some parts were entirely destroyed, and in some parts there were shell holes), and, above all, the church. The limited funding of the reconstruction caused delays until 1975. By then, the ruins of the main church were torn down by locals for the bricks. The church was therefore not included in reconstruction work. All the other buildings were reconstructed in 1975 – 1983: entirely or, if necessary, partly.
1682:
1670:
1090:, but it maintained its central volume (the ancient part), roof and the central dome. After the partial cave-in occurred in 1946, the remains lost its roof and the central dome. Afterwards, the church retained its central walls for a decade, but in the middle of 1950 it was disassembled into bricks by locals. In 1960, archeological excavations took place. Today only a few ruins remain. In 1997 plans for reconstruction were developed, but have not yet been carried out because the local government has not funded it.
1139:
1834:
1172:, the bell tower was harmed substantially – it lost its roof with the main dome. Afterwards, in the postwar period the local government was planning to bulldoze the bell tower. Nevertheless, a positive decision was taken, and the tower was the first building in the monastery subjected to the reconstruction in 1975 – 1976 based on old photographs and postcards. Now it is occupied with workshops for artists and designers. The bell tower not only dominates the monastery only but in a substantial part of the town.
400:, the main church of stone was in the monastery's centre, with the remaining wooden buildings around it. The particular set of wooden buildings might have changed over the time but they seems to have included some separate abbess's apartments, some cells, auxiliary buildings and outbuildings (a kitchen, sheds, some stables), probably surrounded by a wooden fence. As in all European towns built of inflammable materials, the wooden buildings were burned down several times (most significantly in 1466 and 1541).
1099:
475:
1147:
1870:
876:
1730:
1786:
784:
29:
1846:
1822:
1331:
680:
1527:
smell or any feeling of uncleanliness - she is grizzle-headed, having cute, thin, oval face with pretty, young, radiant eyes; her smile is extremely nice. She blessed and kissed us... She told me: "And you, beauty, will take a plight on yourself; don't be afraid (she repeated that several times). They will build 2 churches in Russia for you have come here now...” She told us not to worry regarding our children – they will be married ; I didn't manage to hear the rest
1718:
1706:
1694:
1858:
1742:
467:
215:
204:
1244:
floor of wood. Nevertheless, they were gathered into a sole building during the reconstruction in 1981, and the second floor was replaced with one of brick in the same year. One more building with cells is made of wood, constructed in the early 20th century, and stands opposite the northern side of the perimeter. The joint building is now a museum, and the building of wood is closed to visitors. The place called
1319:
1797:
1062:Церковь рождества пресвятыя Богородицы каменная, при ней 2 придела, каменные же: Знамения Пресвятой Богородицы тёплый, и св. великомученика Пантелеймона холодный; все оное здание длинною на 10, а шириною на 8 сажень. Кровли крыты тёсом, а главы обиты чешуею досчатою; при церкви с северных дверей приделана паперть и крылец деревянный, крытый тёсом. При той церкви колокольня деревянная
389:, the most economically, politically and socially developed of these. There are written sources in the Novgorod chronicles, inventory acts and other documents, which give an idea of the early history of the monastery. It can therefore be asserted that the monastery was not substantially developed from the time when its main church of stone was built in 1397 until the end of
1083:
was encompassed by new outbuildings. All walls and columns of the ancient construction above the level of the first floor were disassembled and assembled. The second range of windows was built on above. The church was turned into a five-domed structure with the shape of domes being typical for the period. The abbess chamber was now joined to the church as an outbuilding.
2034:, p. 76: "Under the legend, opposite to that place where Desyatinny Monastery was subsequently founded, Novgorod lord archbishop Ioann stood on city wall, holding wonder-working icon of Divine Mother of the Sign to avert Suzdal army from the city. The enemy arrow was stuck in the image, tears began to fall from Virgin's eyes and Suzdal army became blind"
1375:. The emperor forgave her father after he had known about her feat in the name of love to her family, and even assigned them an allowance. Afterwards, she decided to become a nun, and moved to the Desyatinny monastery. She settled in the monastery as a novice, but did not manage to be tonsured as she died at age 20 on December 4, 1809, and was buried there.
638:
undertaking reconstruction of the main church in 1679. As before, the monastery renewed its social activity, taking in old and disabled people who arrived from all over Russia. From the 18th century, a women's prison was located within the holy walls, and women-prisoners under the surveillance of guards lived together with the nuns.
657:
the
Russian government in the 20th century: after the monastery had transferred some of its land tenures to the government to house a military settlement, it was given an additional grant of 1,000 roubles a year. Financial stability provided for renewal of the monastery's architecture at the turn of the century.
653:). As a result, all the assets of the Varvarinky monastery were transferred to the Desyatinny monastery. This also brought about a sharp increase in population: there were nine sisters in the monastery before the reform but in 1864 there were as many as 17. (and the total population including 53 novices is 140)
362:(the particular site of the miracle, the rampart behind the monastery, is still preserved quite well). It is therefore probably that the monastery was founded soon after the miracle occurred, in order to symbolize and immortalize it. The subsequent history of the monastery is a story of ups and downs.
1637:
the facts that in 1864 the monastery was provided with some technical device consisting of many pipes with hot water inside to dry vegetables in vaults as well as that it was one of the first buildings in the provincial
Novgorod provided with a plumbing at the turn of the 19th century make it able to
1305:
was the second church in the monastery complex erected at the cemetery in 1869–1871. It was the only building in the monastery in use for congregation after the monastery was officially closed in 1918. All the holy items from the former monastery were moved into the church's vaults. The
Novgorod city
1259:
which borders the monastery's territory from west, serving as some kind of fence, along with its direct functions of a kitchen, a refectory, a bakery and a brewery. It was built in the 19th century in 2 stages: the refectory jointed with kitchen was erected in 1852, and then in 1879 it was added with
1231:
in the modern monastery's complex are represented with 3 building: 2 of them are made of brick (called by us conditionally "the southern house" and "the northern house"), and the rest one is of wood. The southern house is now a long red building behind the church's ruins. It is erected in 1845 in the
1526:
She was lying on a bed in a small dark room, so we grabbed a candle with ourselves to make it possible to see each other. She is 107 years old, she wears chains ... She usually works continuously, walks about, tailors for prisoners without glasses, and never washes herself. But of course, there's no
1243:
The northern house is now long yellow 2-floored building, standing on the opposite side of the monastery from the southern house. Historically, these were 2 separate buildings, although: the first one was built in 1884, the second one – in 1895; both buildings had a first floor of bricks, and second
1213:
it was temporarily accommodated for living. In 1977 – 1982 some reconstruction works aimed to arrange workshops for artists in the cells were undertaken: by means of constructing mezzanines and changing the shape of the roof from the inner facade, the cells were turned into 2-floored with windows on
1182:
according to plans by the city architect Ivan
Dmitrov to replace a fence of wood. The decision to build walls of brick in the 19th century has some quite curious background. In the 19th century Novgorod became a provincial city with the monastery on the outskirts. It was usual to observe some cattle
1161:
is now the most notable building in the modern monastery complex; it also serves as a portal into the monastery. The bell tower was erected in 1903, in line with the last abbess' Lyudmila intention to replace an existing old, shabby bell tower with a new one. The construction, to a design by
Theodor
1082:
The most thorough alteration of the church which distorted the ancient building completely was undertaken in 1889 – 1892 by Agnia the abbess. The rebuilding was aimed at enlarging the church. It was turned into a two-storey building, and the ancient part, now the first floor of the new construction,
175:
The
Desyatinny Monastery now has a regular square-shaped perimeter. The monastery's complex was developed over a lengthy period and now includes objects constructed in periods from the 14th to the 20th centuries. It was finally completed at the beginning of the 20th century but was closed in 1918 by
753:
was arranged inside the abbess's chamber. One more prescription to leave the monastery within three days was taken on August 12, 1919, but once again it was not executed: the abbess together with the sisters asked tearfully to prolong their dwelling till August 20, 1919. That day was the final one:
1453:
visited the monastery on
September 24, 1817. Although the particular location of her grave in the monastery is unknown, a headstone was established in the main church's vaults in the beginning of the 20th century, reportedly based on oral stories. In addition, a large portrait styled of something
656:
Gradually, up to the beginning of the 20th century, the monastery became better-off. Assessed in 1764 as second-class, its status later improved. In 1864 its annual income was 5,255.65 roubles (quite a large sum) and it had 24,000 roubles in its bank account. One more profitable deal was made with
1466:
One more famous inhabitant was Maria who lived there in the beginning of the 20th century. She was a 100-year-old woman who worked, prayed hard and was said to heal and make predictions. Her godson, biographer and follower
Loukilian Trofimov, claimed that she was inchurched since her early years;
744:
Nevertheless, a prescription to place a telegraph within the monastery's walls was issued on
December 27, 1918, but it was not implemented as the sisters refused to leave. According to a letter from Abbess Lyudmila, military organizations were placed inside the holy walls temporarily in 1919. The
637:
from an ancient
Novgorodian family of nobles. It was the widow Agatha Anichkova, who granted to the monastery all her estate (over 2,000 tithes as well as about 400 serfs). This greatly improved the monastery's humble stocks of 340 tithes and 400 serfs, and allowed the monastery modest means for
1201:
A bell tower, no matter when it was built, is meant to divide the east wall at its centre into 2 wings: the southern wing, and the northern wing. On the monastery perimeter's corners either wing is meant to be finished with small towers having spires with wind vanes, but at the present day the
1197:
The east wall with cells was built in a complex with another bell tower consequently replaced with the present one. That bell tower was built in 1811 – 1813 in style of classicism: quite modest and not as tall as the present one. In its turn, that bell tower replaced with itself a wooden one,
866:
Today the monastery is a regular square-shaped property with the main church (in ruins) at the centre, and all the remaining buildings along the perimeter. The regular shape stems from the 19th century, defined by the monastery wall, constructed in 1814 – 1820. The corners of the monastery's
973:
Russian archeologists Ninelle Kuzmina and Dmitry Petrov claim that in the 17th century the church's upper part was replaced. The reasons are that the church was destroyed by the Swedes during the Swedish occupation of Novgorod in 1611 - 1617. As a result, Euphrosyne the abbess visited
195:, until the present day, the monastery in fact has undertaken certain social functions affecting Novgorodian society. Its history is a story of ups and downs, of ruin and reconstruction. Almost nothing in the present monastery's exterior suggests how ancient the monastery really is.
1220:
is the oldest building in the modern monastery (but still, the ruins of the church of the Nativity dated by 1397 are retained right beneath the chamber). Built in the 1840s, it was performed in classicism style. After the northern part of the original building was damaged seriously
611:
provided not only money but new land tenures. That was likely to be a lesson taught by the monastery – Oulita, the next abbess, was a very influential woman from a rich family, who had important contacts at the royal court, resulting in a period of prosperity during the reign of
1594:
Maria died on January 29, 1917, in the age 107 in the monastery, a year before the monastery was closed, and was buried in the monastery's main church vaults, near the (symbolical) grave of Praskovia Louppolova. A cross was erected in the monastery to memorize them both.
754:
after Lyudmila and the sisters had had prayers and an emotional speech by Alexander Oustinsky, the priest, they said goodbye to each other and dispersed. The story may be considered sad, but it was not tragic as in the rest Russia where monks were frequently executed.
324:
308:
403:
1454:
between an icon and a secular portrait was painted on the wall near the headstone. Nevertheless, it was rather a symbolical burial place, as Koupriyanov, the teacher in a local gymnasium, wrote about Praskovia to be buried somewhere inside the monaster's wall "
1378:
Praskovia's story became a popular plot for creativity after it had been described in several Russian magazines. It was reflected in a sequence of works by Russian literatures. In particular, Praskovia is a live prototype for Maria Mironova, the protagonist in
1274:
was opened in 1868 behind the west wall, in between the monastery walls and the rampart. Originally it was meant to be for sisters only, but later on it was allowed for others to be buried there in exchange for a donation. An arc of brick called literally as
1183:
crazing near the holy place, or drunken workers singing songs while the sisters were in prayer. Abbess Lyudmila applied to the city hall regarding any walls of brick to be constructed around the monastery in order to, as she formulated it, literally, “
1208:
the ending of the southern wing with a corner tower was ruined. The reconstruction, undertaken during the postwar time, implied the full reconstruction of the building, but didn't in fact imply the reconstruction of the lost corner tower. Right after
1248:
was located right behind the northern house: it gathered the buildings like a stable, a bathhouse, a laundry, some shades for firewoods and hay, and a garden. This territory is out of monastery's complex, and these outbuildings are not preserved.
1051:. All this building is 10 fathoms in length, and 8 fathoms in width. The roof is covered with boards of wood, the domes – with scale-shaped wood; a porch with rood of wooden desks is near the church. There's a bell tower of wood near that church
704:. Funds in its bank accounts were appropriated by the government in 1918. Not yet realizing the scale of what occurred, the sisters applied to different institutions, proposing the creation of a body called the Union of monasticism's adherents:
1306:
soviet (a new analogue for city hall) sentenced on August 15, 1928, the church along with some other late churches there to be disassembled for bricks to build a new power plant. The same call about the church was in the article published in
1482:
She was famous due to many things inherent to her personality including her lifestyle and that she was reportedly able to heal and make predictions. Written and oral testimony of this were recorded. A notable one is about the singer
357:
The version that links the period when the monastery was founded to the miracle which took place on its grounds is likely to be the most significant: in 1170, when Novgorod was besieged by the army of Andrei Bogolubsky, the citizens
1194:". Nevertheless, the positive decision was finally taken, and the process of construction was started in 1814. The construction was funded entirely by Yelizaveta Poltoratskaya, a wealthy parishioner, the wife of a state councillor.
1498:
One another story was about a rich trader who became a bankrupt. He considered suicide, but was convinced to visit Maria before. When he just came into the monastery without having time to introduce himself, she saw him and told:
456:
lived in the monastery at the time and, moreover, that there were wooden barracks for guards at the monastery. The monastery seems to have managed to maintain various functions to this day as it now serves artists and publicity
518:
mounted and moved to another monastery, where he indulged his savagery. His men took money, ransacked cells, tore down bells, destroyed equipment, and slaughtered cattle. They beat abbots and elders on their heels with sticks
354:: it is accepted that this icon from the early 13th century was brought to Moscow from the monastery's iconostasis. It can therefore be concluded that the monastery was probably founded at the turn of the 12th century.
712:
is convicted according to international law of other countries by a proper court. <…> A historical monument, a beauty and a greatness of ancient Novgorod, the Desyatinny monastery should not be allowed to become
1202:
southern tower is not preserved. Either wing is also provided inside with cells of the average dimensions about 9 m × 8 m: there are 6 cells in the north wing, and 4 wings in the south wings (there were formerly 5).
1657:
724:по международному праву других государств осуждается надлежащим судом. <…> Как исторический памятник, красота и величие древнего Новгорода, Десятинный монастырь не должен быть отдан на разрушение
1225:, the ruins were disassembled for bricks in the 1950s. The reconstruction undertaken in 1978 – 1983 was oriented on the south part only. Now it is occupied with the board of the Union of Artists.
3614:
551:. As far as can be ascertained, the Swedes defeated the monastery, burned all buildings of wood, including fence and cells, and destroyed the only building of stone - the church of the Nativity:
1607:
a library of ancient document was kept in the monastery. The inventory act of 1617 counts 12 manuscripts on paper and 11 manuscripts on parchment as survived after the monastery's defeat during
381:
There was no united Russian state when the monastery was founded, whatever the precise year happens to be. Instead, There were various East Slavic feudal states. The monastery was founded in
350:
The reference simply shows that the monastery existed in 1327 but does not state when it was founded. Another fact which helps to establish when the monastery was founded is the icon called
745:
monastery was liquidated the same year according to the decision of a new city council, the estate was nationalized, and the church attributes were transferred to the congregation. The
938:
The archeological excavations aimed at discovering the original design of the 14th century church took place in 1960 and 1973. Stylistically, the original church was a typical one for
1214:
the second floor. The southern corner tower finishing the wall from the south is still not reconstructed because of financial difficulties. Now there are workshops for artists there.
1408:
It makes some wonder, that the story became well-known and popular in the West even faster than in Russia. It turned into series of music and literature works too. The first novel
287:
states that in 1327 Moses the archbishop erected a church in honour of the Nativity of Our Lady on the Tithe. An extract from the official translation of the chronicle by Mitchell
1584:
452:
the monastery seems to have been an institution which assumed several other functions. For example, the report about damages caused by fire in 1466 tells us that an ambassador of
1769:
1753:
836:
the modern monastery complex from the 20th century is preserved fragmentarily. The monastery has lost its two churches and part of the monastery wall during the 20th century.
1260:
rooms for a brewery and a bakery. In 1864 it was provided with some device of many pipes with hot water inside to dry vegetables issued in harvests (some analogue of modern
1962:”) ("The name of the Desyatiski monastery is likely to originate from the fact that the place where the monastery is erected belonged to princely estate called Desyatina ")
1471:
forest by locals with chains on her body, she had spent her 30 years there in wandering. He also asserts her to be of noble origins, and that her sister Anna is buried in
1240:(one another ancient monastery in Novgorod) built at the same years with the southern house by the city architect I. Sokolov. There are workshops for artists there now.
1960:Названiие Десятинскаго монастыря произошло, вѢроятно, от того, что мѢсто, на которомъ онъ поставлен, принадлежало къ княжеским имѢнiямъ, которыя назывались десятиною
3619:
3624:
541:-Sergei Soloviev, Anthony Rheinlander. History of Russia: The Reign of Ivan the Terrible, Kazan, Astrakhan, Livonia, the Oprichnina and the Polotsk Campaign
3604:
1280:
701:
664:
185:
422:
at that time (and later) it was not a large property comparable with important monasteries in Russia and in the West. It is known to have possessed two
1005:В Десятинском девиче монастыре храм Рождество пречистыя Богородицы камменой, пенье есть, да у того ж храму келья. А ограды около монастыря нет никакой
826:
First, it is reasonable to make two points about the monastery complex, resulting from the conditions of the monastery's development described above:
1896:
1355:
A bright blur in the monastery's history is about some story caused a broad public outcry in Russian society in the 19th century. The characters are
258:
is simply an adjectival form created by suffixes (it is remarkable, that the old-fashioned variant of the name is the adjective with another suffix:
70:
1681:
1669:
1283:
on March 5, 1924, along with other 3 cemeteries in Novgorod located within city area. Some locally familiar people were buried there, among them:
3609:
833:
the buildings in the modern monastery complex are from various periods; the modern monastery complex developed from the 14th to the 20th century;
1641:
old citizen used to note that the monastery was especially clean and well-maintained in the 20th century; the main alley was notable with 3
1567:
According to oral witnesses, that time she also told the empress to beware of March, 1. After asking to clarify the phrase, she said that “
649:. To some extent, this was attenuated by the decision to merge the Desyatinny and the Varvarinsky monasteries (the unpreserved monastery in
1809:
645:. The only exception for the monastery were two windmills near Novgorod together with the monastery's continued right to catch fish in the
867:
perimeter are finished with small towers with wind vanes which now squeak while turning, providing with a special atmosphere to the site.
2097:На протяжении всей своей истории Десятинный монастырь разрушали и разоряли. Он никогда не принадлежал к числу наиболее богатых и сильных
775:
Today the grounds and the buildings are occupied by the Union of Artists, the museum of Novgorod Art Culture and workshops for artists.
1279:
was constructed to lead one from the monastery to the cemetery. The cemetery was closed by the order of Novgorod City Council within
761:
and some other groups of people was arranged there; according to a report by F. Amosov, the chief of forced labour department, his "
3305:
Veliky Novgorod on the edge of 19th-20th centuries postcards from the collection of the Novgorod State Incorporated Memorial Estate
991:
There's the stone temple of the Nativity of the Holy Fairest Virgin in the Desyatinski female monastery, there're singings there
663:
in 1917 put an end to the monastery's development as a religious institution as well as an architectural site as a result of the
1833:
1450:
3494:
3475:
3400:
3331:
3312:
3284:
1916:
1554:
1510:
1343:
191:
Never considered particularly important, it was subjected to rebuilding many times. Built to symbolize and immortalize the
1029:. She undertook a serious reconstruction of the church in 1679. As a result, in 1740 the church was described as follows:
830:
most of the ancient buildings in the monastery were made of wood and were not preserved after fire and as a result of rot;
1821:
1487:
who was ill, and one of her chorists who came to ask Maria about Vyaltseva's health. Maria pointed at the sky and said: "
359:
267:
219:
192:
1449:
After the Praskovia's burial there, the monastery subsequently became a familiar place for tourism and pilgrimage. Even
982:
for funding. The visit was positive, providing funding for substantial repairs. There is some evidences of the results:
749:
occupied the monastery in 1919, and the abbesses with the nuns were strongly urged to leave the holy walls; a club for
1785:
1638:
consider the monastery as some kind of technically progressive (or even innovative) institution (at the local scales);
1162:
Vorontsov, a city architect, was entirely funded from donations. The main bell was cast at the expense of the duchess
3584:
3565:
3513:
3440:
History of Russia: The Reign of Ivan the Terrible, Kazan, Astrakhan, Livonia, the Oprichnina and the Polotsk Campaign
3421:
3372:
2443:
1359:
and a poor Russian girl. It took about a year for Praskovia Louppolova, the daughter of an exiled officer, to get to
523:
768:
Serious damage to the monastery's complex was caused while Novgorod was occupied for the second time in its history
1936:
1222:
1205:
1169:
1087:
181:
1911:
207:
3416:(in Russian). Vol. 14. Moscow: Tserkovno-nauchnyi tsentr "Pravoslavnayâ èntsiklopediyâ". pp. 456–459.
3447:
1845:
1588:
1729:
246:, but the most widely accepted version is that the monastery was founded on an estate previously owned by the
1198:
constructed in 1778. The bell tower of wood was in fact extremely non-durable, as it rotted during 14 years.
1741:
1158:
642:
63:
483:
1619:
1256:
1233:
1627:
dated to the 15th century can be mentioned; the most part of the library was reportedly damaged in 1925;
607:, the first sovereign from the new dynasty, for funding. The visit resulted in a positive decision: the
547:
Unfortunately, it was not the end. The greatest defeat in the monastery's history took place during the
414:
The monastery was never considered particularly significant despite the fact that it was located in the
180:. Some buildings, including both churches and part of the monastery wall, were lost in the 20th century
1869:
3236:(in Russian). Veliky Novgorod, Desyatinny monastery: Museum of Novgorod Art Culture (official website)
1857:
1389:
1163:
930:
888:
3270:(in Russian) (2(corrected and added) ed.). The State Museum of Novgorod Art Culture. p. 9.
883:
The Church of the Nativity of Our Lady was the most ancient building in the monastery. According to
1397:
distorts Praskovia's name to make it more demotic and emphasize her poorness, and creates his play
918:
884:
616:. In 1671, in response to Oulita's request, the tsar provided the monastery with further benefits:
342:
330:
284:
3229:
2080:
1513:
who visited her in 1916. The content of their conversation is reflected in Alexandra's letter to
626:
a vehicle for an abbess visiting Moscow, and funding of travel expenses from the Moscow treasury;
887:, it was erected in 1397 to replace an existing church (probably - of wood) built in 1327, but
283:
It is not clear exactly when the monastery was established. The first written reference in the
502:
in 1570, and all the monasteries in Novgorod, including this one, were subjected to defeat by
112:
1931:
1901:
1608:
1558:
1417:
1402:
1368:
1356:
1310:
in 1929. As the result, the church was disassembled in 1929, and the cemetery was destroyed.
1178:
is joined to the bell tower, although they are much older. They date from 1814 – 1820 in the
1130:
641:
The prosperity did not last long. The monastery again lost all its land tenures when in 1764
600:
548:
390:
3342:
1717:
1705:
1693:
1106:
962:). It was red. Like many other churches of the period, the church is built in honour of the
3560:(in Russian). Vol. IV (Fototip. izd. ed.). Moscow: Yazyki russkoĭ kultury. 2000.
1630:
there's a version about some German aristocracy to have residences in the monastery during
1572:
1442:
1364:
1323:
1008:
955:
578:
499:
292:
2438:(in Russian) (Fototip. izd. ed.). Moskva: Yazyki russkoĭ kultury. 2000. p. 260.
1338:
1122:
1114:
8:
3506:
Nekropol Novgorodskogo Sophiyskogo sobora: tserkovnaya tradiciya i istoricheskaya kritika
1492:
1484:
979:
604:
107:
2985:( was buried inside the monastery wall "by the special order of the highest executives")
1025:
The reconstruction was continued by Oulita the abbess, who had important connections at
738:-The extract from the application by the sisters to Novgorod Spiritual Consistory, 1918
474:
370:
3531:
Sekretar, L.; Zhevre, N. (1998). "Desyatinny monastyr" [Desyatinny monastery].
1760:
1663:
The bell tower from the side of Dobrynya street, an ancient street of medieval Novgorod
1506:”. Then they had a long conversation in her cell, and he became better-off afterwards.
1476:
1288:
1261:
1179:
905:
Svyatoslavlya the duchess erected the church of the Holy Mother of God in the Desyatina
900:
697:
660:
491:
487:
263:
247:
3580:
3561:
3509:
3490:
3471:
3443:
3417:
3396:
3368:
3327:
3308:
3280:
2439:
1926:
1891:
1631:
1433:
1421:
1380:
939:
527:
522:
demanding extra from them. The sack ruined the monks, and the priceless artifacts of
503:
408:
397:
386:
169:
1542:
1472:
1360:
1065:
1026:
994:, and there're cells near this temple. But there's no any fence near this monastery
963:
727:
613:
596:
443:
153:
1298:) McDonald, an entrepreneur who operated there and engaged in charity in Novgorod.
3410:
Sekretar, L.; Sarabyanov, E.; Gordienko, V. (2000). the patriarch, Kirill (ed.).
1886:
1394:
1138:
1045:
959:
943:
689:
495:
439:
431:
415:
382:
296:
243:
161:
56:
3296:
Arheologicheskoe opisanie tserkovnyh drevnostei v Novgorode i yego okrestnostyah
1236:. The architect is unknown, but it looks quite the same with the cells house in
633:
One other rich inhabitant who settled in the monastery at the same period was a
1906:
1264:). In 1902 the building was provided with plumbing - quite rare for provincial
1098:
879:
The church of the Nativity of Our lady: the transformations through its history
486:. It is known that the monastery lost all its land when it was appropriated by
453:
446:
regions of Russia; this is quite a modest estate compared to other monasteries;
3577:
Novgorodkaya letopis po spisku Dubrovskogo (Polnoe sobranie russkih letopisei)
1346:, who in 1916 got a negative prediction from Maria the pythia in the monastery
1146:
1142:
The western wall with functional rooms (the northern part) from the inner side
3598:
1624:
1166:. There is a suggestion that about 18 bells were to be hanged there in 1922.
915:В лето 6835 постави княгиня Святославля церков святоую Богородицю на Десятине
875:
769:
758:
311:
erected the church of the Nativity of the Holy Mother of God in the Desyatina
85:
72:
783:
620:
guards to protect the monastery's land tenures from neighbouring landowners;
28:
3540:
Musatov, V. (1998). "Старица Мария Михайловна" [Maria the pythia].
3053:" ("So, get a bullet in head once – you’ll be a good horse for the Satan")
1330:
1237:
1210:
490:
personally. In 1495 the monastery still owned a small estate in the modern
679:
203:
3411:
1514:
2845:
2723:
2397:
1371:
in person as her last chance to bring her family back from the exile in
3558:
Novgorodskaya Chetvyortaya Letopis (Polnoe sobranie russkikh letopiseĭ)
3261:(in Russian). Vol. IV. Moscow: Synodal typography. pp. 30–31.
668:
466:
177:
2436:
Novgorodskaya chetvyortaya letopis (polnoe sobranie russkih letopisei)
1318:
214:
1687:
The bell tower from the side of Dobrynya street (a historical street)
1675:
The bell tower from the side of Dobrynya street (a historical street)
1580:
684:
1037:
The church of the Nativity of the Holy Virgin is of stone, it has 2
3579:(in Russian). Vol. XLIII. Moscow: Yazyki slavyanskoy kultury.
3230:"История десятинного монастыря ("History of Desyatinny monastery")"
1613:
1432:, 1815). Then, basing on the novel by Cottin, the Italian composer
1265:
1076:-The extract from the description by Macarius the archbishop, 1740
967:
650:
1334:
The monastery hotel. Maria the pythia lived there on the 2nd floor
850:
the eastern monastery wall up to the bell tower with cells inside;
643:
Catherine II issued the act on secularization of monastery estates
1779:
above the monastery portal (the inner facade), early 20th century
1763:
above the monastery portal (the outer facade), early 20th century
1468:
1372:
1041:, of stone too: the one in honour of the Sign of Our Lady is hot
533:
He confiscated treasure in twenty-seven of the oldest monasteries
188:, with the result that the monastery is preserved fragmentarily.
3324:
Arhitekturnoe nasledie Velikogo Novgoroda i Novgorodskoĭ oblasti
1150:
The memorial stone on the place of the former monastery cemetery
3615:
Objects of cultural heritage of Russia of regional significance
3442:(10 ed.). Gulf Breeze, Fl.: Academic International Press.
1642:
1576:
975:
165:
52:
2983:по особому разрежению высшего начальства" в ограде у монастыря
1603:
Some curious facts regarding the monastery are brought below:
595:
A new period for reconstruction and development came with the
407:
Monastery of the Tithes is a cultural heritage of the ancient
1921:
1776:
1185:
different blasphemies not to occur almost near the holy gates
1038:
951:
750:
746:
634:
575:Церков каменная разорена и разваливается, а келий, ограды нет
461:
423:
1086:
The church was seriously destroyed while Novgorod was under
238:. It is hard to establish exactly what the founder meant by
193:
miracle of historical significance for the Novgorod Republic
3470:(in Russian). Moscow: Severnyĭ palomnik. pp. 130–131.
3409:
3350:(XXV ed.). London: Offices of the society. p. 124
3174:
3150:
2966:
2882:
2674:
2626:
2240:
1187:”, but the application was rejected as it was assessed as "
947:
646:
608:
291:
is given below in comparison with the original text in the
3386:(in Russian). Veliky Novgorod: Kyrillitsa. pp. 79–86.
3293:
482:
A black stripe in the monastery's history starts with the
228:
the monastery of the Nativity of Our Lady on the Desyatina
870:
478:
The Church of the Nativity, beginning of the 20th century
222:
through the grid of the monastery's portal, December 2014
140:
3574:
3256:
3051:Ну что ж, закати пулю в лоб, будет хорошая лошадь сатане
853:
the western monastery wall with functional rooms inside.
3575:
Novikova, O.; Legkih, I.; Thyodorova, I., eds. (2004).
3384:
Doma, sobytiya, lyudi (Novgorod. XVIII - nachalo XX v.)
1611:. At the present day, among the survived documents the
692:(1920). Virtually, the allegory of the monastery's fate
365:
3307:(in Russian and English). Moskva: Enterbook-Business.
3298:(in Russian). Vol. 1. Moscow: Gotye's typography.
3279:(in Russian). Saint Petersburg: Alaborg. p. 102.
1573:
Nicholas II signed his Abdication act on March 2, 1917
603:, in 1618 Euphrosyne the abbess visited Moscow to ask
506:
and his men, the monks - to violence and humiliation:
3461:(in Russian). Moscow: Moscow University's typography.
1313:
844:
the ruins of the church of the Nativity of Our Lady;
3437:
2168:
470:
Desyatinny monastery, beginning of the 20th century
449:
the monastic regulations initially were not strict;
360:
won a miraculous victory not far from the monastery
33:
The main entrance through the bell tower, July 2013
3489:(in Russian). Saint Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriya︡.
2085:The official website of the Museum of Novgorod Art
1110:The east wall with cells inside, the southern wing
3468:Velikiĭ Novgorod v XX veke: k 1150-letiyu︡ goroda
3302:
3265:
3198:
3186:
3086:
2978:
2954:
2894:
2832:
2820:
2686:
2662:
2590:
2554:
2542:
2530:
2518:
2506:
2360:
2348:
2336:
2324:
2300:
2276:
2252:
2228:
2192:
2132:
2120:
2055:
2043:
2031:
1897:Administrative divisions of the Novgorod Republic
757:In February 1920, a concentration camp for young
3596:
1509:The most famous of her predictions is about the
1504:head once – you’ll be a good horse for the Satan
1479:. She spent her last 16 years in the monastery.
3620:Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings
3438:Soloviev, Sergei; Rheinlander, Anthony (1995).
1839:The north-eastern corner tower in December 2014
891:gives the year of founding as 1329 (not 1327):
862:the building outside the monastery's perimeter.
560:The church of stone is defeated and collapsing
3625:Cultural heritage monuments in Novgorod Oblast
3544:(in Russian). Saint Petersburg: Neva: 279–383.
3535:(in Russian). Saint Petersburg: Neva: 237–242.
3530:
3508:(in Russian) (Nauka ed.). Moscow: Nauka.
3340:
1995:
1438:Otto mesi in due ore o Gli esiliati in Siberia
1416:, 1806) about Praskovia's fate was written by
498:. A hundred years later, Moscow undertook the
377:(ca. 1200). The icon from Desyatinny monastery
3550:Reprinted chronicles and historical documents
3277:Putevoditelʹ po Novgorodu. Sofiĭskaya storona
1827:The ruins of church of the Nativity in summer
1815:The ruins of church of the Nativity in summer
1803:The ruins of church of the Nativity in summer
549:Swedish occupation of Novgorod in 1611 – 1617
3487:Veliky Novgorod: ėnt︠siklopedichesky slovar'
3037:" ("Behold, Vyaltseva will sing there soon")
1456:by a special order of the highest executives
954:(the first was in honour of the nativity of
794:the bell tower and the east wall with cells
763:general impression of the camp is nighmarish
702:shared the fate of other Russian monasteries
323:постави церковь святои Богородици Рождество
234:might be calqued into English with the word
3605:Buildings and structures in Veliky Novgorod
3485:Yanin, Valentyn; et al., eds. (2007).
3393:Monastyri Velikogo Novgoroda i okrestnostei
623:release from taxes and duties for the nuns;
266:presented their land, glorified in 1170 by
3274:
3210:
1971:
1645:(a rare type of wood for Novgorod region).
1253:The west wall with functional rooms inside
1019:-The extract from the inventory act, 1632
798:the church of the Nativity (now in ruins)
462:Modern history: under the crown of All Rus
27:
3465:
3395:(in Russian). Moscow: Severnyi Palomnik.
3362:
3341:Mitchell, Robert; Forbes, Nevill (1914).
3175:Sekretar, Sarabyanov & Gordienko 2000
3151:Sekretar, Sarabyanov & Gordienko 2000
3074:
2967:Sekretar, Sarabyanov & Gordienko 2000
2883:Sekretar, Sarabyanov & Gordienko 2000
2675:Sekretar, Sarabyanov & Gordienko 2000
2638:
2627:Sekretar, Sarabyanov & Gordienko 2000
2241:Sekretar, Sarabyanov & Gordienko 2000
1791:The bell tower from the inner side inside
1585:the Baltic Fleet swore to rebels that day
242:(“Tithe”), as it had several meanings in
160:) is an inactive monastery or convent in
3390:
3381:
3162:
3098:
2930:
2918:
2906:
2870:
2796:
2784:
2458:
2384:
2372:
2312:
2288:
2264:
2216:
2204:
2180:
2156:
2144:
2108:
2067:
2019:
2007:
1467:when once she was revealed exhausted in
1337:
1329:
1317:
1145:
1137:
1129:
1121:
1113:
1105:
1097:
874:
782:
678:
599:which favoured the monastery. After the
473:
465:
402:
369:
213:
202:
3539:
3459:Svyatyni i drevnosti Velikogo Novgoroda
3456:
3322:Milchik, M.; et al., eds. (2008).
3321:
3268:Desyatimmy monastyr v Velikom Novgorode
3138:
3122:
3110:
3062:
3046:
3030:
3018:
3006:
2994:
2808:
2772:
2760:
2748:
2710:
2698:
2650:
2602:
2578:
2566:
2494:
2482:
1983:
1955:
1350:
840:The modern monastery complex includes:
674:
168:), one of eight ancient monasteries of
3610:Russian Orthodox monasteries in Russia
3597:
3326:(in Russian). Saint Petersburg: Spas.
3303:Mazilkina, M.; Rud', O., eds. (2008).
1489:Behold, Vyaltseva will sing there soon
871:The Church of the Nativity of Our Lady
3503:
3484:
2942:
2614:
2470:
2422:
1609:the Swedish occupation in 1611 – 1617
1589:negative prediction came true in 1918
966:, who was believed to be a patron of
856:the abbess chamber in its south part;
484:dawnfall of Novgorod Republic in 1470
3542:Gde Svyataya Sophiya, Tam I Novgorod
3533:Gde Svyataya Sophiya, Tam I Novgorod
3266:Kuzmina, N.; Philippova, L. (2009).
1917:Katholikon of the Antoniev Monastery
814:the west wall with functional rooms
778:
366:Early history: the republican period
262:.) It is therefore assumed that the
226:The formal name of the monastery is
3294:Macarius the archimandrite (1860).
1747:The main entrance, the outer facade
1461:
1291:'s grandmother, a frequent visitor;
1189:contradicting to the highly signed
13:
1410:Élisabeth ou les Exilés de Sibérie
1322:Praskovia Louppolova in bronze in
1088:the occupation during World War II
14:
3636:
3257:Abross the archimandrite (1812).
3035:Вот скоро там будет петь Вяльцева
1851:The corner tower in February 2015
1314:Interesting inhabitants and facts
946:, square-shaped, with a dome, an
942:: an ascetic church built in the
802:the church of All Hollows (lost)
589:-The inventory of Novgorod, 1617
563:, and there're no cells, no fence
2846:"History of Novgorod Art Museum"
2724:"History of Novgorod Art Museum"
2398:"History of Novgorod Art Museum"
1868:
1856:
1844:
1832:
1820:
1808:
1796:
1784:
1768:
1752:
1740:
1728:
1716:
1704:
1692:
1680:
1668:
1656:
1598:
1519:
1093:
1031:
984:
893:
706:
553:
508:
301:
3367:(in Russian). Moscow: Vagrius.
3204:
3192:
3180:
3168:
3156:
3144:
3132:
3116:
3104:
3092:
3080:
3068:
3056:
3040:
3024:
3012:
3000:
2988:
2972:
2960:
2948:
2936:
2924:
2912:
2900:
2888:
2876:
2864:
2838:
2826:
2814:
2802:
2790:
2778:
2766:
2754:
2742:
2716:
2704:
2692:
2680:
2668:
2656:
2644:
2632:
2620:
2608:
2596:
2584:
2572:
2560:
2548:
2536:
2524:
2512:
2500:
2488:
2476:
2464:
2452:
2428:
2416:
2390:
2378:
2366:
2354:
2342:
2330:
2318:
2306:
2294:
2282:
2270:
2258:
2246:
2234:
2222:
2210:
2198:
2186:
2174:
2169:Soloviev & Rheinlander 1995
2162:
2150:
2138:
2126:
2114:
2102:
2081:"История десятинного монастыря"
2073:
2061:
1912:Our Lady of the Sign (Novgorod)
1617:dated to the 15th century, and
1255:is a 1-floored building in the
1176:The east wall with cells inside
438:), the territory in the modern
3129:” ("there will be a big mess")
2049:
2037:
2025:
2013:
2001:
1989:
1977:
1965:
1949:
1735:The bell tower, the inner side
1587:as well. The fact is that her
391:Swedish occupation of Novgorod
122:1327 (first written reference)
1:
3457:Tolstoy, earl Mihail (1862).
3199:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
3187:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
3087:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2979:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2955:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2895:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2852:(in Russian). Veliky Novgorod
2833:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2821:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2730:(in Russian). Veliky Novgorod
2687:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2663:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2591:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2555:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2543:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2531:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2519:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2507:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2404:(in Russian). Veliky Novgorod
2361:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2349:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2337:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2325:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2301:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2277:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2253:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2229:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2193:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2133:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2121:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2056:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
2044:Kuzmina & Philippova 2009
1942:
1583:took place on March 1, 1917;
1287:Irina Butakova, the composer
1044:, the other one in honour of
1009:Early Modern Russian language
629:funding to repair the church.
579:Early Modern Russian language
3413:Pravoslavnayâ èntsiklopediyâ
3259:Istoriya rossiyskoy yeparhii
1937:Leningrad–Novgorod Offensive
1428:, (in the English variant -
416:capital of Novgorod Republic
7:
3391:Sekretar, Lyudmila (2011).
3382:Sekretar, Lyudmila (1999).
1880:
1863:The north-west corner tower
1620:The Ladder of Divine Ascent
1281:the anti-religious campaign
958:, the second, in honour of
500:bloody massacre in Novgorod
278:
186:the anti-religious campaign
16:Ancient monastery in Russia
10:
3641:
3363:Radzinsky, Edward (1998).
1996:Mitchell & Forbes 1914
1649:
1440:(in the English variant -
1436:creates the lyrical drama
1412:(in the English variant –
1387:(in the English variant -
806:the quarters of cells - 2
273:
3365:Nikolai II: zhizn i smert
3344:The Chronicle of Novgorod
2032:Mazilkina & Rud' 2008
1443:Eight months in two hours
1303:The Church of All Hollows
944:cross-in-square tradition
931:Novgorod Fourth Chronicle
889:Novgorod Fourth Chronicle
157:
139:
134:
126:
118:
106:
101:
62:
48:
43:
38:
26:
21:
3504:Yanin, Valentyn (1988).
3466:Trifonova, Anna (2009).
1569:there will be a big mess
1367:. She hoped to plead to
1326:, the place of the exile
1164:Anna Orlova-Сhesmenskaya
1134:The northern cells house
1126:The southern cells house
919:Old East Slavic language
885:Novgorod First Chronicle
343:Novgorod First Chronicle
331:Old East Slavic language
285:Novgorod First Chronicle
3275:Laskovskiĭ, V. (2007).
1223:during the World War II
1206:During the World War II
1170:During the World War II
665:anti-religious campaign
198:
1495:died in 3 days after.
1401:(1840) to be acted in
1390:The Captain's Daughter
1347:
1335:
1327:
1151:
1143:
1135:
1127:
1119:
1111:
1103:
1046:Panteleimon the martyr
880:
823:
693:
479:
471:
411:
378:
223:
211:
141:http://artmus.natm.ru/
64:Geographic coordinates
1932:De la Gardie Campaign
1875:The monastery in 1912
1632:the republican period
1534:____________________
1418:Sophie Ristaud Cottin
1414:The Exiles of Siberia
1403:Alexandrinsky theatre
1357:Alexander I of Russia
1341:
1333:
1321:
1159:Russian Revival style
1149:
1141:
1133:
1125:
1117:
1109:
1101:
1057:____________________
1001:____________________
910:____________________
878:
788:The monastery complex
786:
719:____________________
682:
570:____________________
477:
469:
406:
375:The Cloudy Assumption
373:
352:The Cloudy Assumption
318:____________________
254:. (“Tithe”) In turn,
217:
210:, the miraculous icon
206:
158:Десяти́нный монастырь
86:58.51778°N 31.26500°E
1777:Our Lady of the Sign
1351:Praskovia Louppolova
956:St. John the Baptist
818:the monastery hotel
747:Emergency commission
675:Contemporary history
601:defeat by the Swedes
524:St. Sophia cathedral
293:Old Novgorod dialect
150:Desyatinny Monastery
22:Desyatinny Monastery
1561:, December 2, 1916
1501:So get a bullet in
1493:Anastasia Vyaltseva
1485:Anastasia Vyaltseva
1426:La Jeune Sibérienne
1385:Kapitanskaya Dochka
980:Michael I of Russia
921:, adopted writing)
810:the abbess chamber
770:during World War II
605:Michael I of Russia
264:princes of Novgorod
248:princes of Novgorod
182:during World War II
82: /
3177:, pp. 456–459
3153:, pp. 456–459
3127:Будет большая каша
3113:, pp. 381–382
2969:, pp. 456–459
2885:, pp. 456–459
2677:, pp. 456–459
2629:, pp. 456–459
2291:, pp. 288–289
2243:, pp. 456–459
1761:Christ Pantocrator
1623:by the version of
1553:-The extract from
1477:Smolensky Cemetery
1430:The Young Siberian
1424:creates his novel
1399:Parasha Louppolova
1348:
1336:
1328:
1289:Sergey Rakhmaninov
1262:underfloor heating
1218:The abbess chamber
1152:
1144:
1136:
1128:
1120:
1118:The abbess chamber
1112:
1104:
881:
859:three cell houses;
824:
698:October Revolution
694:
669:the new government
492:Parfinsky District
488:Ivan III of Russia
480:
472:
412:
379:
224:
212:
91:58.51778; 31.26500
3496:978-5-98187-236-5
3477:978-5-94431-299-0
3402:978-5-94431-305-8
3333:978-5-87417-273-2
3314:978-5-89164-208-9
3286:978-5-86983-085-2
1927:Novgorod massacre
1892:Novgorod republic
1565:
1564:
1555:empress Alexandra
1511:empress Alexandra
1434:Gaetano Donizetti
1422:Xavier de Maistre
1381:Alexander Pushkin
1294:Jacob (russified
1257:eclecticism style
1080:
1079:
1023:
1022:
940:Novgorod Republic
936:
935:
822:the corner towers
779:Monastery complex
742:
741:
593:
592:
545:
544:
504:Ivan the Terrible
398:republican period
387:Novgorod Republic
348:
347:
270:, to the church.
178:Soviet government
170:Novgorod Republic
146:
145:
3632:
3590:
3571:
3545:
3536:
3519:
3500:
3481:
3462:
3453:
3434:
3432:
3430:
3406:
3387:
3378:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3349:
3337:
3318:
3299:
3290:
3271:
3262:
3245:
3243:
3241:
3214:
3208:
3202:
3196:
3190:
3184:
3178:
3172:
3166:
3160:
3154:
3148:
3142:
3136:
3130:
3125:, p. 380: “
3120:
3114:
3108:
3102:
3096:
3090:
3084:
3078:
3072:
3066:
3060:
3054:
3049:, p. 380: "
3044:
3038:
3033:, p. 380: "
3028:
3022:
3016:
3010:
3004:
2998:
2992:
2986:
2976:
2970:
2964:
2958:
2952:
2946:
2940:
2934:
2928:
2922:
2916:
2910:
2904:
2898:
2892:
2886:
2880:
2874:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2842:
2836:
2830:
2824:
2818:
2812:
2806:
2800:
2794:
2788:
2782:
2776:
2770:
2764:
2758:
2752:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2720:
2714:
2708:
2702:
2696:
2690:
2684:
2678:
2672:
2666:
2660:
2654:
2648:
2642:
2636:
2630:
2624:
2618:
2612:
2606:
2600:
2594:
2588:
2582:
2576:
2570:
2564:
2558:
2552:
2546:
2540:
2534:
2528:
2522:
2516:
2510:
2504:
2498:
2492:
2486:
2480:
2474:
2468:
2462:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2432:
2426:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2394:
2388:
2382:
2376:
2370:
2364:
2358:
2352:
2346:
2340:
2334:
2328:
2322:
2316:
2310:
2304:
2298:
2292:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2268:
2262:
2256:
2250:
2244:
2238:
2232:
2226:
2220:
2214:
2208:
2202:
2196:
2190:
2184:
2178:
2172:
2166:
2160:
2154:
2148:
2142:
2136:
2130:
2124:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2092:
2077:
2071:
2065:
2059:
2053:
2047:
2041:
2035:
2029:
2023:
2017:
2011:
2005:
1999:
1993:
1987:
1981:
1975:
1969:
1963:
1953:
1872:
1860:
1848:
1836:
1824:
1812:
1800:
1788:
1772:
1756:
1744:
1732:
1720:
1708:
1696:
1684:
1672:
1660:
1543:Russian language
1520:
1473:Saint Petersburg
1462:Maria the pythia
1229:The cells houses
1192:plan of Novgorod
1066:Russian language
1032:
985:
964:Nativity of Mary
894:
728:Russian language
707:
614:Alexis of Russia
554:
509:
428:Vodskaya pyatina
409:Novgorodian Rusi
302:
159:
97:
96:
94:
93:
92:
87:
83:
80:
79:
78:
75:
31:
19:
18:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3629:
3595:
3594:
3593:
3587:
3568:
3556:
3516:
3497:
3478:
3450:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3403:
3375:
3353:
3351:
3347:
3334:
3315:
3287:
3239:
3237:
3234:artmus.natm.ru/
3228:
3218:
3217:
3211:Laskovskiĭ 2007
3209:
3205:
3197:
3193:
3185:
3181:
3173:
3169:
3161:
3157:
3149:
3145:
3137:
3133:
3121:
3117:
3109:
3105:
3097:
3093:
3085:
3081:
3073:
3069:
3061:
3057:
3045:
3041:
3029:
3025:
3017:
3013:
3005:
3001:
2993:
2989:
2981:, p. 39: "
2977:
2973:
2965:
2961:
2953:
2949:
2941:
2937:
2929:
2925:
2917:
2913:
2905:
2901:
2893:
2889:
2881:
2877:
2869:
2865:
2855:
2853:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2831:
2827:
2819:
2815:
2807:
2803:
2795:
2791:
2783:
2779:
2771:
2767:
2759:
2755:
2747:
2743:
2733:
2731:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2709:
2705:
2697:
2693:
2685:
2681:
2673:
2669:
2661:
2657:
2649:
2645:
2637:
2633:
2625:
2621:
2613:
2609:
2601:
2597:
2589:
2585:
2577:
2573:
2565:
2561:
2553:
2549:
2541:
2537:
2529:
2525:
2517:
2513:
2505:
2501:
2493:
2489:
2481:
2477:
2469:
2465:
2457:
2453:
2446:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2421:
2417:
2407:
2405:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2383:
2379:
2371:
2367:
2359:
2355:
2347:
2343:
2335:
2331:
2323:
2319:
2311:
2307:
2299:
2295:
2287:
2283:
2275:
2271:
2263:
2259:
2251:
2247:
2239:
2235:
2227:
2223:
2215:
2211:
2203:
2199:
2191:
2187:
2179:
2175:
2167:
2163:
2155:
2151:
2143:
2139:
2131:
2127:
2119:
2115:
2107:
2103:
2090:
2088:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2066:
2062:
2054:
2050:
2042:
2038:
2030:
2026:
2018:
2014:
2006:
2002:
1994:
1990:
1982:
1978:
1972:Laskovskiĭ 2007
1970:
1966:
1958:, p. 88: "
1954:
1950:
1945:
1887:Veliky Novgorod
1883:
1876:
1873:
1864:
1861:
1852:
1849:
1840:
1837:
1828:
1825:
1816:
1813:
1804:
1801:
1792:
1789:
1780:
1773:
1764:
1757:
1748:
1745:
1736:
1733:
1724:
1721:
1712:
1709:
1700:
1697:
1688:
1685:
1676:
1673:
1664:
1661:
1652:
1601:
1575:, and riots in
1571:”. As we know,
1548:
1547:
1464:
1395:Nikolai Polevoy
1365:town in Siberia
1363:by foot from a
1353:
1316:
1308:Zvezda magazine
1268:of the period.
1180:classicism syle
1096:
1071:
1070:
1027:the royal court
1014:
1013:
978:in 1618 to ask
960:St. Panteleimon
924:
923:
873:
847:the bell tower;
781:
733:
732:
690:Boris Kustodiev
677:
584:
583:
496:Novgorod Oblast
464:
418:. As a result:
368:
336:
335:
297:Old East Slavic
281:
276:
244:Old East Slavic
201:
162:Veliky Novgorod
90:
88:
84:
81:
76:
73:
71:
69:
68:
57:Veliky Novgorod
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3638:
3628:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3592:
3591:
3585:
3572:
3566:
3547:
3546:
3537:
3521:
3520:
3514:
3501:
3495:
3482:
3476:
3463:
3454:
3448:
3435:
3422:
3407:
3401:
3388:
3379:
3373:
3360:
3338:
3332:
3319:
3313:
3300:
3291:
3285:
3272:
3263:
3247:
3246:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3203:
3191:
3179:
3167:
3155:
3143:
3131:
3115:
3103:
3091:
3079:
3075:Radzinsky 1998
3067:
3055:
3039:
3023:
3011:
2999:
2987:
2971:
2959:
2947:
2935:
2923:
2911:
2899:
2887:
2875:
2863:
2850:artmus.natm.ru
2837:
2825:
2813:
2801:
2789:
2777:
2765:
2753:
2741:
2728:artmus.natm.ru
2715:
2703:
2691:
2679:
2667:
2655:
2643:
2639:Trifonova 2009
2631:
2619:
2607:
2595:
2583:
2571:
2559:
2547:
2535:
2523:
2511:
2499:
2487:
2475:
2463:
2451:
2444:
2427:
2415:
2402:artmus.natm.ru
2389:
2377:
2365:
2353:
2341:
2329:
2317:
2305:
2293:
2281:
2269:
2257:
2245:
2233:
2221:
2209:
2197:
2185:
2173:
2161:
2149:
2137:
2125:
2113:
2101:
2072:
2060:
2048:
2036:
2024:
2012:
2000:
1988:
1976:
1964:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1907:Russian empire
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1783:
1781:
1774:
1767:
1765:
1758:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1727:
1725:
1723:The bell tower
1722:
1715:
1713:
1711:The bell tower
1710:
1703:
1701:
1699:The bell tower
1698:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1655:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1639:
1635:
1628:
1600:
1597:
1563:
1562:
1550:
1549:
1532:
1531:
1463:
1460:
1352:
1349:
1315:
1312:
1300:
1299:
1292:
1277:the Holy Gates
1155:The bell tower
1102:The bell tower
1095:
1092:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1072:
1055:
1054:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1015:
999:
998:
934:
933:
926:
925:
908:
907:
872:
869:
864:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
848:
845:
838:
837:
834:
831:
780:
777:
740:
739:
735:
734:
717:
716:
700:the monastery
676:
673:
667:undertaken by
661:The revolution
631:
630:
627:
624:
621:
591:
590:
586:
585:
568:
567:
543:
542:
538:
537:
463:
460:
459:
458:
454:Pskov Republic
450:
447:
367:
364:
346:
345:
338:
337:
325:владыка Моисеи
316:
315:
309:Vladyka Moisei
280:
277:
275:
272:
200:
197:
144:
143:
137:
136:
132:
131:
128:
124:
123:
120:
119:Groundbreaking
116:
115:
110:
104:
103:
99:
98:
66:
60:
59:
50:
46:
45:
41:
40:
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3637:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3588:
3586:5-94457-046-6
3582:
3578:
3573:
3569:
3567:5-88766-063-5
3563:
3559:
3555:
3554:
3553:
3551:
3543:
3538:
3534:
3529:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3517:
3515:5-02-009468-4
3511:
3507:
3502:
3498:
3492:
3488:
3483:
3479:
3473:
3469:
3464:
3460:
3455:
3451:
3445:
3441:
3436:
3425:
3423:5-89572-007-2
3419:
3415:
3414:
3408:
3404:
3398:
3394:
3389:
3385:
3380:
3376:
3374:5-7027-0548-3
3370:
3366:
3361:
3346:
3345:
3339:
3335:
3329:
3325:
3320:
3316:
3310:
3306:
3301:
3297:
3292:
3288:
3282:
3278:
3273:
3269:
3264:
3260:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3213:, p. 102
3212:
3207:
3200:
3195:
3188:
3183:
3176:
3171:
3165:, p. 295
3164:
3163:Sekretar 2011
3159:
3152:
3147:
3141:, p. 379
3140:
3135:
3128:
3124:
3119:
3112:
3107:
3101:, p. 290
3100:
3099:Sekretar 2011
3095:
3088:
3083:
3077:, p. 194
3076:
3071:
3065:, p. 380
3064:
3059:
3052:
3048:
3043:
3036:
3032:
3027:
3021:, p. 380
3020:
3015:
3009:, p. 380
3008:
3003:
2997:, p. 379
2996:
2991:
2984:
2980:
2975:
2968:
2963:
2956:
2951:
2945:, p. 303
2944:
2939:
2933:, p. 290
2932:
2931:Sekretar 2011
2927:
2921:, p. 291
2920:
2919:Sekretar 2011
2915:
2909:, p. 291
2908:
2907:Sekretar 2011
2903:
2896:
2891:
2884:
2879:
2873:, p. 288
2872:
2871:Sekretar 2011
2867:
2851:
2847:
2841:
2834:
2829:
2822:
2817:
2811:, p. 139
2810:
2805:
2799:, p. 288
2798:
2797:Sekretar 2011
2793:
2787:, p. 288
2786:
2785:Sekretar 2011
2781:
2775:, p. 139
2774:
2769:
2763:, p. 139
2762:
2757:
2751:, p. 139
2750:
2745:
2729:
2725:
2719:
2713:, p. 131
2712:
2707:
2701:, p. 140
2700:
2695:
2688:
2683:
2676:
2671:
2664:
2659:
2653:, p. 139
2652:
2647:
2641:, p. 130
2640:
2635:
2628:
2623:
2617:, p. 303
2616:
2611:
2605:, p. 136
2604:
2599:
2592:
2587:
2581:, p. 137
2580:
2575:
2569:, p. 137
2568:
2563:
2556:
2551:
2544:
2539:
2532:
2527:
2520:
2515:
2508:
2503:
2497:, p. 136
2496:
2491:
2485:, p. 136
2484:
2479:
2473:, p. 303
2472:
2467:
2461:, p. 292
2460:
2459:Sekretar 2011
2455:
2447:
2445:5-88766-063-5
2441:
2437:
2431:
2425:, p. 303
2424:
2419:
2403:
2399:
2393:
2387:, p. 291
2386:
2385:Sekretar 2011
2381:
2375:, p. 291
2374:
2373:Sekretar 2011
2369:
2362:
2357:
2350:
2345:
2338:
2333:
2326:
2321:
2315:, p. 285
2314:
2313:Sekretar 2011
2309:
2302:
2297:
2290:
2289:Sekretar 2011
2285:
2278:
2273:
2267:, p. 288
2266:
2265:Sekretar 2011
2261:
2254:
2249:
2242:
2237:
2230:
2225:
2219:, p. 286
2218:
2217:Sekretar 2011
2213:
2207:, p. 285
2206:
2205:Sekretar 2011
2201:
2194:
2189:
2183:, p. 285
2182:
2181:Sekretar 2011
2177:
2171:, p. 130
2170:
2165:
2159:, p. 285
2158:
2157:Sekretar 2011
2153:
2147:, p. 285
2146:
2145:Sekretar 2011
2141:
2134:
2129:
2122:
2117:
2111:, p. 285
2110:
2109:Sekretar 2011
2105:
2098:
2086:
2082:
2076:
2070:, p. 284
2069:
2068:Sekretar 2011
2064:
2057:
2052:
2045:
2040:
2033:
2028:
2022:, p. 284
2021:
2020:Sekretar 2011
2016:
2010:, p. 284
2009:
2008:Sekretar 2011
2004:
1998:, p. 124
1997:
1992:
1985:
1980:
1974:, p. 102
1973:
1968:
1961:
1957:
1952:
1948:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1871:
1866:
1859:
1854:
1847:
1842:
1835:
1830:
1823:
1818:
1811:
1806:
1799:
1794:
1787:
1782:
1778:
1771:
1766:
1762:
1755:
1750:
1743:
1738:
1731:
1726:
1719:
1714:
1707:
1702:
1695:
1690:
1683:
1678:
1671:
1666:
1659:
1654:
1653:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1629:
1626:
1625:Ivan of Sinai
1622:
1621:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1599:Curious facts
1596:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1560:
1557:'s letter to
1556:
1552:
1551:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1459:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1382:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1345:
1340:
1332:
1325:
1320:
1311:
1309:
1304:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1278:
1273:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1247:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1226:
1224:
1219:
1215:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1165:
1160:
1156:
1148:
1140:
1132:
1124:
1116:
1108:
1100:
1094:Other objects
1091:
1089:
1084:
1075:
1074:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1042:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
997:
995:
992:
987:
986:
983:
981:
977:
971:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
932:
928:
927:
922:
920:
916:
911:
906:
903:
902:
896:
895:
892:
890:
886:
877:
868:
861:
858:
855:
852:
849:
846:
843:
842:
841:
835:
832:
829:
828:
827:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
776:
773:
771:
766:
764:
760:
755:
752:
748:
737:
736:
731:
729:
725:
720:
714:
709:
708:
705:
703:
699:
691:
687:
686:
681:
672:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
652:
648:
644:
639:
636:
628:
625:
622:
619:
618:
617:
615:
610:
606:
602:
598:
588:
587:
582:
580:
576:
571:
566:
564:
561:
556:
555:
552:
550:
540:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
525:
520:
516:
515:Every day he
511:
510:
507:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
476:
468:
455:
451:
448:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
420:
419:
417:
410:
405:
401:
399:
394:
392:
388:
384:
376:
372:
363:
361:
355:
353:
344:
340:
339:
334:
332:
328:
326:
319:
314:
312:
310:
304:
303:
300:
298:
294:
290:
286:
271:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
221:
218:The place of
216:
209:
205:
196:
194:
189:
187:
183:
179:
173:
171:
167:
163:
155:
151:
142:
138:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
114:
111:
109:
105:
100:
95:
67:
65:
61:
58:
54:
51:
47:
42:
37:
30:
25:
20:
3576:
3557:
3549:
3548:
3541:
3532:
3523:
3522:
3505:
3486:
3467:
3458:
3439:
3427:. Retrieved
3412:
3392:
3383:
3364:
3352:. Retrieved
3343:
3323:
3304:
3295:
3276:
3267:
3258:
3249:
3248:
3238:. Retrieved
3233:
3221:
3220:
3206:
3201:, p. 37
3194:
3189:, p. 32
3182:
3170:
3158:
3146:
3139:Musatov 1998
3134:
3126:
3123:Musatov 1998
3118:
3111:Musatov 1998
3106:
3094:
3089:, p. 38
3082:
3070:
3063:Musatov 1998
3058:
3050:
3047:Musatov 1998
3042:
3034:
3031:Musatov 1998
3026:
3019:Musatov 1998
3014:
3007:Musatov 1998
3002:
2995:Musatov 1998
2990:
2982:
2974:
2962:
2957:, p. 39
2950:
2938:
2926:
2914:
2902:
2897:, p. 32
2890:
2878:
2866:
2854:. Retrieved
2849:
2840:
2835:, p. 32
2828:
2823:, p. 32
2816:
2809:Milchik 2008
2804:
2792:
2780:
2773:Milchik 2008
2768:
2761:Milchik 2008
2756:
2749:Milchik 2008
2744:
2732:. Retrieved
2727:
2718:
2711:Milchik 2008
2706:
2699:Milchik 2008
2694:
2689:, p. 32
2682:
2670:
2665:, p. 14
2658:
2651:Milchik 2008
2646:
2634:
2622:
2610:
2603:Milchik 2008
2598:
2593:, p. 23
2586:
2579:Milchik 2008
2574:
2567:Milchik 2008
2562:
2557:, p. 20
2550:
2545:, p. 28
2538:
2533:, p. 28
2526:
2521:, p. 12
2514:
2509:, p. 10
2502:
2495:Milchik 2008
2490:
2483:Milchik 2008
2478:
2466:
2454:
2435:
2430:
2418:
2406:. Retrieved
2401:
2392:
2380:
2368:
2363:, p. 20
2356:
2351:, p. 18
2344:
2339:, p. 17
2332:
2327:, p. 14
2320:
2308:
2303:, p. 13
2296:
2284:
2279:, p. 13
2272:
2260:
2255:, p. 13
2248:
2236:
2231:, p. 13
2224:
2212:
2200:
2195:, p. 10
2188:
2176:
2164:
2152:
2140:
2128:
2116:
2104:
2096:
2089:. Retrieved
2087:(in Russian)
2084:
2075:
2063:
2051:
2039:
2027:
2015:
2003:
1991:
1986:, p. 88
1984:Tolstoy 1862
1979:
1967:
1959:
1956:Tolstoy 1862
1951:
1775:The icon of
1759:The icon of
1618:
1612:
1602:
1593:
1568:
1566:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1525:
1523:
1508:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1491:". In fact,
1488:
1481:
1465:
1455:
1448:
1441:
1437:
1429:
1425:
1420:. Later on,
1413:
1409:
1407:
1398:
1388:
1384:
1377:
1354:
1307:
1302:
1301:
1295:
1276:
1272:The cemetery
1271:
1270:
1252:
1251:
1245:
1242:
1228:
1227:
1217:
1216:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1188:
1184:
1175:
1174:
1168:
1154:
1153:
1085:
1081:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1050:
1043:
1036:
1024:
1004:
1003:
1000:
993:
990:
988:
972:
937:
914:
912:
909:
904:
898:
882:
865:
839:
825:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
774:
767:
762:
756:
743:
723:
721:
718:
711:
695:
683:
659:
655:
640:
632:
594:
574:
572:
569:
562:
559:
557:
546:
532:
521:
517:
514:
512:
481:
435:
427:
413:
395:
380:
374:
356:
351:
349:
322:
320:
317:
307:
305:
288:
282:
259:
255:
251:
239:
235:
231:
227:
225:
190:
174:
149:
147:
102:Architecture
3524:Periodicals
2135:, p. 9
2123:, p. 9
2058:, p. 9
2046:, p. 9
1559:her husband
1515:the emperor
1451:the empress
1369:the emperor
1361:the capital
1246:Black Court
1234:eclecticism
597:new dynasty
383:the capital
268:the miracle
260:Desyatinski
220:the miracle
113:Eclecticism
89: /
3599:Categories
3449:0875691447
3429:27 January
3354:20 January
3250:Literature
3240:30 January
2943:Yanin 2007
2856:27 January
2734:27 January
2615:Yanin 2007
2471:Yanin 2007
2423:Yanin 2007
2408:27 January
2091:24 January
1943:References
1324:Ishim town
696:After the
647:Msta river
526:went into
457:interests.
327:в Десятине
256:Desyatinny
77:31°15′54″E
74:58°31′04″N
1581:Kronstadt
1446:, 1827).
1393:, 1837).
1383:'s novel
1344:Alexandra
1232:style of
901:year 6835
713:collapsed
685:Bolshevik
671:in 1919.
530:'s fisc.
444:Leningrad
436:Wattlande
393:in 1617.
252:Desyatina
240:Desyatina
232:Desyatina
127:Completed
3222:Websites
1881:See also
1614:Triodion
1342:Empress
1266:Novgorod
1048:is cold
968:Novgorod
950:and two
751:chekists
651:Novgorod
440:Novgorod
279:Founding
230:, where
208:Znamenie
49:Location
44:Location
39:Religion
1902:Moscovy
1650:Gallery
1475:at the
1373:Siberia
1211:the war
899:In the
396:In the
385:of the
274:History
250:called
154:Russian
135:Website
3583:
3564:
3512:
3493:
3474:
3446:
3420:
3399:
3371:
3330:
3311:
3283:
2442:
1643:cedars
1577:Moscow
1469:Tihvin
1039:aisles
976:Moscow
952:aisles
434:name:
432:German
424:uyezds
289:et al.
166:Russia
53:Russia
3348:(PDF)
1922:Peryn
1296:Yakov
1238:Peryn
759:Poles
635:boyar
236:tithe
108:Style
3581:ISBN
3562:ISBN
3510:ISBN
3491:ISBN
3472:ISBN
3444:ISBN
3431:2015
3418:ISBN
3397:ISBN
3369:ISBN
3356:2015
3328:ISBN
3309:ISBN
3281:ISBN
3242:2015
2858:2015
2736:2015
2440:ISBN
2410:2015
2093:2015
1579:and
1064:". (
948:apse
609:tsar
528:Ivan
442:and
199:Name
184:and
176:the
148:The
130:1902
1458:".
1157:in
1007:. (
917:" (
820:(8)
816:(7)
812:(6)
808:(5)
804:(4)
800:(3)
796:(2)
792:(1)
790::
765:".
726:» (
688:by
577:" (
565:"
494:of
426:in
329:" (
295:of
3601::
3552::
3526::
3252::
3232:.
3224::
2848:.
2726:.
2400:.
2095:.
2083:.
1591:.
1545:)
1529:"
1517::
1405:.
1068:)
1053:"
1011:)
996:"
970:.
730:)
715:”
581:)
535:"
333:)
313:"
299::
172:.
156::
55:,
3589:.
3570:.
3518:.
3499:.
3480:.
3452:.
3433:.
3405:.
3377:.
3358:.
3336:.
3317:.
3289:.
3244:.
2860:.
2738:.
2448:.
2412:.
1634:;
1541:(
1537:"
1524:"
1499:“
1060:"
1035:"
989:"
929:-
913:"
897:"
722:"
710:«
573:"
558:"
513:"
430:(
341:-
321:"
306:"
164:(
152:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
