Diaspora - Knowledge

2385: 45: 1448: 1735:, which was the object of immigration due to employment in the administrative and tertiary sectors) experienced a conspicuous immigration flow. These migratory movements were accompanied by other flows of lesser intensity, such as transfers from the countryside to smaller cities and travel from mountainous areas to the plains. The main reasons that gave rise to this massive migratory flow were linked to the living conditions in the places of origin of the emigrants (which were very harsh), the absence of stable work, the high rate of poverty, the poor fertility of many agricultural areas, the fragmentation of land properties, which characterized southern Italy above all, and the insecurity caused by 756:, or the social coherence which exists within the diaspora communities and their ties to the ancestral lands. Some diaspora communities maintain strong cultural and political ties to their homelands. Other qualities that may be typical of many diasporas are thoughts of return to the ancestral lands, maintaining any form of ties with the region of origin as well as relationships with other communities in the diaspora, and lack of full integration into the new host countries. Diasporas often maintain ties to the country of their historical affiliation and usually influence their current host country's policies towards their homeland. "Diaspora management" is a term that 854: 874: 685: 357: 7909: 1199: 6844: 7409: 2139: 1368: 2339: 1653: 658:(2005) more inclusively applied three basic definitional criteria: First, geographic dispersion (voluntary or forced) of a people; second, "the orientation to a real or imagined 'homeland' as an authoritative source of value, identity and loyalty"; and third, maintenance of a social boundary corresponding to the conservation of a distinctive diasporic identity which differs from the host culture. Brubaker also noted that the use of the term 6110: 1946:. From 1947, after the war, Istrian Italians and Dalmatian Italians were subject by Yugoslav authorities to less violent forms of intimidation, such as nationalization, expropriation, and discriminatory taxation, which gave them little option other than emigration. In 1953, there were 36,000 declared Italians in Yugoslavia, just about 16% of the original Italian population before World War II. According to the census organized in 1593: 7014: 613: 56: 2893:

Bangladesh (7.5 million), the Syrian Arab Republic (6.9 million), Pakistan (6.0 million), Ukraine (5.9 million), the Philippines (5.7 million) and the United Kingdom Since 2000, countries experiencing the largest increase in their diaspora populations were the Syrian Arab Republic (872 per cent), India (108 per cent) and the Philippines (85 per cent).

1428:. An estimated 45% to 85% of Ireland's population emigrated to areas including Britain, the United States, Canada, Argentina, Australia, and New Zealand. The size of the Irish diaspora is demonstrated by the number of people around the world who claim Irish ancestry; some sources put the figure at 80 to 100 million. 1739:. Overall, the Italians who moved from southern to northern Italy amounted to 4 million. The migratory flow from the countryside to the big cities also contracted and then stopped in the 1980s. At the same time, migratory movements towards medium-sized cities and those destined for small-sized villages increased. 1923:. These regions were ethnically mixed, with long-established historic Croatian, Italian, and Slovene communities. According to various sources, the exodus is estimated to have amounted to between 230,000 and 350,000 Italians (the others being ethnic Slovenes, Croats, and Istro-Romanians, who chose to maintain 2827:. Tölölyan cites but does not actually quote Dubnow, claiming that Dubnow "stipulates that the Greek colony-cities of Antiquity might be called diasporas," whereas Dubnow clearly refers to the colonies as they stood "in the ancient Roman Empire," that is, after they had lost their political independence. 1838: 4324:

The Gypsies, or Romt it is generally accepted that they did emigrate from northern India some time between the 6th and 11th centuries, then crosanies, are an ethnic group that arrived in Europe around the 14th century. Scholars argue about when and how they left India, bused the Middle East and came

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Since the 1990s, South Korea's population has been aging and its fertility rate has fallen. At the same time, the number of Koreans living abroad has risen considerably. These trends threaten to diminish South Korea's international and economic stature. To mitigate the negative effects of these new

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A South Korean diaspora movement during the 1990s caused the homeland fertility rate to drop when a large amount of the middle class emigrated, as the rest of the population continued to age. To counteract the change in these demographics, the South Korean government initiated a diaspora-engagement

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into southern and eastern Europe, Iceland, the British Isles and Greenland. The recent application of the word "diaspora" to the Viking lexicon highlights their cultural profile distinct from their predatory reputation in the regions they settled, especially in the North Atlantic. The more positive

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database to show that 17 out of the 18 books on diaspora published between 1900 and 1910 were on the Jewish diaspora. The majority of works in the 1960s were also about the Jewish diaspora, but in 2002 only two out of 20 books sampled (out of a total of 253) were about the Jewish case, with a total

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in the early 1990s and the 1992 moratorium on cod fishing. Fishing had previously been a major driver of the economies of the Atlantic provinces, and this loss of work proved catastrophic for many families. As a result, beginning in the early 1990s and into the late 2000s, thousands of people from

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The largest Asian diaspora in the world is the Indian diaspora. The overseas Indian community, estimated to number over 17.5 million, is spread across many regions of the world, on every continent. It is a global community which is diverse, heterogeneous and eclectic and its members represent

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reflects the increasing popularity of the diaspora notion to describe a wide range of phenomena related to contemporary migration, displacement and transnational mobility. While corporate diaspora seems to avoid or contradict connotations of violence, coercion, and unnatural uprooting historically

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In the People's Republic of China, millions of migrant workers have sought greater opportunity in the country's booming coastal metropolises, though this trend has slowed with the further development of China's interior. Migrant social structures in Chinese megacities are often based on place of

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Most early discussions of the diaspora were firmly rooted in a conceptual 'homeland'; they were concerned with a paradigmatic case, or a small number of core cases. The paradigmatic case was, of course, the Jewish diaspora; some dictionary definitions of diaspora, until recently, did not simply

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In 2017, with 16.6 million persons living abroad, India was the leading country of origin of international migrants. Migrants from Mexico constituted the second largest 'diaspora' in the world (13.0 million), followed by those from the Russian Federation (10.6 million), China (10.0 million),

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In Siam, regional power struggles among several kingdoms in the region led to a large diaspora of ethnic Lao between the 1700s–1800s by Siamese rulers to settle large areas of the Siamese kingdom's northeast region, where Lao ethnicity is still a major factor in 2012. During this period, Siam

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of their homeland; they regard their ancestral homeland as their true home, to which they will eventually return; being committed to the restoration or maintenance of that homeland, and they relate "personally or vicariously" to the homeland to a point where it shapes their identity. Safran's

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Such colonizing migrations cannot be considered indefinitely as diasporas; over very long periods, eventually, the migrants assimilate into the settled area so completely that it becomes their new mental homeland. Thus the modern Magyars of Hungary do not feel that they belong in the Western

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and Southeast Asia. The third wave began in the 1970s as land shortages intensified and the pool of educated labor greatly exceeded job openings in Nepal. Job-related emigration created Nepalese enclaves in India, the wealthier countries of the Middle East, Europe, and North America. Current

714:, since a significant number of evacuees have not been able to return, yet maintain aspirations to do so. Agnieszka Weinar (2010) notes the widening use of the term, arguing that recently, "a growing body of literature succeeded in reformulating the definition, framing diaspora as almost any 741:

associated with the notion of diaspora, its scholarly use may heuristically describe the ways in which corporations function alongside diasporas. In this way, corporate diaspora might foreground the racial histories of diasporic formations without losing sight of the cultural logic of

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has been widening. He suggests that one element of this expansion in use "involves the application of the term diaspora to an ever-broadening set of cases: essentially to any and every nameable population category that is to some extent dispersed in space". Brubaker used the

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has forced further migration, with at least 4 million displaced as per UN estimates. 2.8 million Iranians immigrated in 2022, i.e., 3.3% of the total population; the majority of which were academics. There are five million registered Afghanistanis, 10 million approximately.

2126:. This wave lasted until the 1960s, and another wave followed when Tibet opened up to trade and tourism in the 1980s. It is estimated that about 200,000 Tibetans live now dispersed worldwide, half of them in India, Nepal and Bhutan. In lieu of lost citizenship papers, the 1727:. The rural population of the aforementioned areas began to emigrate to the large industrial centers of the north-west, especially in the so-called "industrial triangle, or the area corresponding to the three-sided polygon with vertices in the cities of Turin, Milan and 2465:

Numerous web-based news portals and forum sites are dedicated to specific diaspora communities, often organized on the basis of an origin characteristic and a current location characteristic. The location-based networking features of mobile applications such as China's

6087:[Javan newspaper: In 2022, nearly 3.3% of Iranian people emigrated / 30,000 medical staff have applied for 'not having a bad history' and their destination was Oman / 37% of the top ranks of entrance examinations and Olympiads will emigrate from the country]. 1747:

The twentieth century saw huge population movements. Some involved large-scale transfers of people by government action. Some migrations occurred to avoid conflict and warfare. Other diasporas formed as a consequence of political developments, such as the end of

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estimates that 240,000 people left Europe for the Americas in the 16th century. Emigration continued. In the 19th century alone over 50 million Europeans migrated to North and South America. Other Europeans moved to Siberia, Africa, and Australasia. The properly

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Weheliye, Alexander G. "My Volk to Come: Peoplehood in Recent Diaspora Discourse and Afro-German Popular Music." Black Europe and the African Diaspora. Ed. Darlene Clark. Hine, Trica Danielle. Keaton, and Stephen Small. Urbana: University of Illinois, 2009.

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starting in the late 16th century CE and continuing into the 19th. Outside of the Atlantic slave trade, however, African diasporic communities have existed for millennia. While some communities were slave-based, other groups emigrated for various reasons.

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argues that the media have used the term corporate diaspora in a rather arbitrary and inaccurate fashion, for example as applied to "mid-level, mid-career executives who have been forced to find new places at a time of corporate upheaval" (10) The use of

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dates the first recorded use a century later to 1694, in a work on ordination by the Welsh theologian James Owen. Owen wanted to prove that there is no difference in the Bible between Presbyters and Bishops; he cited the example of the Jews in exile:

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resulted in the migration of millions of people between India, Pakistan, and present-day Bangladesh. Many were murdered in the religious violence of the period, with estimates of fatalities up to 2 million people. Thousands of former subjects of the

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has "re-conceptualized to describe both the policies that states follow in order to build links with their diaspora abroad and the policies designed to help with the incorporation and integration of diasporic communities when they 'return' home".

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definitions were influenced by the idea of the Jewish diaspora. Safran also included a criterion of having been forced into exile by political or economic factors, followed by a long period of settlement in the new host culture. In 1997,

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of their existence". It has even been noted that as charismatic Christianity becomes increasingly globalized, many Christians conceive of themselves as a diaspora, and form a bond that mimics salient features of some ethnic diasporas.

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Many today believe that the audience of the First Epistle of Peter to which Owen refers was in fact Christians of non-Jewish origin, but the consensus in Owen's time was that the letter was directed to ethnic Jews. See for example

1529:. The new migration of capital created millions of unskilled jobs around the world and was responsible for the simultaneous mass migration of Italians searching for "work and bread". The second diaspora started after the end of 1439:

through Anatolia, Australia, the Balkans, the Levant, North America, and West Europe, leaving less than 10% of their population in the homeland – parts of historical Circassia (in the modern-day Russian portion of the

6085:"روزنامه جوان: در سال ۲۰۲۲ نزدیک به ۳/۳ درصد مردم ایران مهاجرت کردند / ۳۰ هزار کادر درمان درخواست "نداشتن سوءپیشینه" داشته‌اند که مقصدشان عمان بوده‌ است / ۳۷ درصد از رتبه‌های برتر کنکور و المپیاد‌ها از کشور مهاجرت می‌کنند" 830:) to aid and defend Christians under religious persecution. During these campaigns, several groups of soldiers chose not to return to Aksum. These groups are estimated to have ranged in size from the 600s to mid 3000s. 726:

Professional communities of individuals no longer in their homeland can also be considered diaspora. For example, science diasporas are communities of scientists who conduct their research away from their homeland and

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2005. In response to a statewide exodus of talent, the State of Michigan continues to host "MichAGAIN" career-recruiting events in places throughout the United States with significant Michigan-diaspora populations.

423:(TLG), which draws upon almost the entire written corpus in the Greek language . . . none refer to colonisation." Dufoix surmises that the confusion may stem from a comment by Jewish historian 2456:

states that the diaspora in Venezuela has been caused by the "deterioration of both the economy and the social fabric, rampant crime, uncertainty and lack of hope for a change in leadership in the near future".

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This scattering abrode of the Iewes, as it were an heauenly sowing, fell out after their returne from the captiuitie of Babylon. Wherevpon both Acts. 2. and also 1. Pet. 1. and 1. Iam. ver. 1. they are called

1521:, did not easily convince farmers to stay on the land and to work the soil. Another factor was related to the overpopulation of Southern Italy as a result of the improvements in socioeconomic conditions after 524:

in 70 AD. It subsequently came to be used in reference to the historical movements and settlement patterns of the Jews. In English, capitalized, and without modifiers, the term can refer specifically to the

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and concluded roughly in the 1970s. Between 1880 and 1980, about 15,000,000 Italians left the country permanently. By 1980, it was estimated that about 25,000,000 Italians were residing outside Italy.

1927:) leaving the areas in the aftermath of the conflict. Hundreds or perhaps tens of thousands of local ethnic Italians (Istrian Italians and Dalmatian Italians) were killed or summarily executed during 2522: 2476:

online diaspora communities when used outside of their home markets. Now, large companies from the emerging countries are looking at leveraging diaspora communities to enter the more mature market.

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dispersed millions of Africans to Asia and the islands of the Indian Ocean. The Islamic slave trade also has resulted in the creation of communities of African descent in India, most notably the

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and Bhutan. A backlash developed in the 1980s as Bhutan's political elites realized that Bhutanese Buddhists were at risk of becoming a minority in their own country. At least 60,000 ethnic

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constituted a Greek diaspora in the ancient Roman Empire." "Magna Graecia" refers to ancient Greek colonies established along the Italian coast, which lost their independence following the

2384: 2215:, a new series of diasporas was formed after the end of colonial rule. In some cases, as countries became independent, numerous minority descendants of Europeans emigrated; others stayed. 1121:

from Bhutan have been resettled in the United States. A second wave was driven by British recruitment of mercenary soldiers beginning around 1815 and resettlement after retirement in the

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About 100,000 of an estimated Cham population of 250,000, at the time of the revolution in 1975, had perished by the time the Khmer Rouge regime was overthrown by Vietnam in January 1979

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and making it one of the most long-standing and widespread in the world. The Romans also established numerous colonies and settlements outside of Rome and throughout the Roman empire.

1830:, most of them were the descendants of immigrants who had settled in those areas centuries ago. This expulsion was allegedly carried out in reaction to Nazi Germany's invasions and 1792:. Some Jews fled from the persecution and moved to the unoccupied parts of Western Europe or they moved to the Americas before the borders of the Americas were closed. Later, other 44: 1243:

relocations, which included several phases, are just one set of many in history. The first phase Migration-Period displacement (between 300 and 500 AD) included relocation of the

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expelled or forced to flee from the newly forming Israel. Many Palestinians continue to live in refugee camps in the Middle East, while others have resettled in other countries.

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the Atlantic provinces were driven out-of-province to find work elsewhere in the country, especially in the Alberta oil sands during the oil boom of the mid-2000s. This systemic

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attempts to annex Eastern European territory. Most of the refugees moved to the West, including western Europe, and with tens of thousands seeking refuge in the United States.

5884: – "2. Refugees who have left a country by sea, esp. the Vietnamese people who fled in small boats and moved to Hong Kong, Australia, and elsewhere after the conquest of 4686:

Se estima que en la actualidad, el 90% de la población argentina tiene alguna ascendencia europea y que al menos 25 millones están relacionados con algún inmigrante de Italia.

5946: 5143: 4529: 2407:, nearly 3 million Iraqis had been displaced as of 2011, with 1.3 million within Iraq and 1.6 million in neighboring countries, mainly Jordan and Syria. The 3215: 1566:

origin, such as a shared hometown or province, and recruiters and foremen commonly select entire work-crews from the same village. In two separate June 2011 incidents,

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that the Hungarian Magyars left 12 centuries ago; and the English descendants of the Angles, Saxons and Jutes do not yearn to reoccupy the plains of Northwest Germany.

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can be identified. The earliest wave dates back to hundreds of years as early marriage and high birthrates propelled Hindu settlement eastward across Nepal, then into

6814: 4943: 814:) created colonies on the Arabian Peninsula. During the 4th century, Aksum formally adopted Christianity as a state religion, becoming the first to do so along with 4700:

Pozzetta, George E., Bruno Ramirez, and Robert F. Harney. The Italian Diaspora: Migration across the Globe. Toronto: Multicultural History Society of Ontario, 1992.

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Previously, migrant Africans with national African passports could only enter thirteen African countries without advanced visas. In pursuing a unified future, the

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Biblical Peoples and Ethnicity. An Archaeological Study of Egyptians, Canaanites, Philistines and Early Israel 1300–1100 B.C.E. (Archaeology and Biblical Studies)

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in an article published in 1991, set out six rules to distinguish diasporas from migrant communities. These included criteria that the group maintains a myth or

4300: 2103:, long residing in Cambodia, were nearly eradicated. The mass exodus of Vietnamese people from Vietnam from 1975 onwards led to the popularisation of the term " 6023:

challenges, South Korea has begun to engage the seven million Koreans living abroad, transforming the diaspora into a positive force for long-term development.

5191: 4088: 1092:(Chinese: 苦力, literally "hard labor"), who migrated to developing countries in need of labor, such as the Americas, Australia, South Africa, Southeast Asia, 6036: 737: 2869: 1525:. That created a demographic boom and forced the new generations to emigrate en masse in the late 19th century and the early 20th century, mostly to the 3350: 2309:

due to a protracted socioeconomic crisis, forming large communities in South Africa, the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, and smaller communities in

5316: 1084:) first occurred thousands of years ago. The mass emigration that occurred from the 19th century to 1949 was caused mainly by wars and starvation in 858: 282: 6208: 2190:

by the former Soviet Union, resulting in the creation of the second-largest refugee population in the world as of 2018 (2.6 million in 2018).

1232:. Subsequent waves of colonization and migration during the Middle Ages added to the older settlements or created new ones, thus replenishing the 5778:

Oh, Chong Jin (2006). "Diaspora nationalism: The case of ethnic Korea minority in Kazakhstan and its lessons from the Crimean Tatars in Turkey".

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emigrated to France and later millions of other Vietnamese people migrated to the United States, Australia and Canada after the Cold War-related

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to move freely between these countries under this visa free passport and encourage migrants with national African passports to return to Africa.

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A Plea for Scripture Ordination; or, Ten Arguments from Scripture and Antiquity, proving Ordination by Presbyters, without Bishops, to be valid

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Wwirtz, James J. (March 2008). "Things Fall Apart: Containing the Spillover from an Iraqi Civil Warby Daniel L. Byman and Kenneth M. Pollack".

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is one of the most notorious modern diasporas. 10.7 million people from West Africa survived transportation to arrive in the Americas as

6236:"Territorial bounds to virtual space: transnational online and offline networks of Iranian and Turkish–Kurdish immigrants in the Netherlands" 1570:

migrant workers organized violent protests against alleged police misconduct and migrant-labor abuse near the southern manufacturing hub of

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Encyclopedia of Diasporas: Immigrant and Refugee Cultures Around the World. Volume I: Overviews and Topics; Volume II: Diaspora Communities

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connotations associated with the social science term help to view the movement of the Scandinavian peoples in the Viking Age in a new way.

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during the Francoist exile), later to Europe (France, Switzerland) and finally within Spain (to Madrid, Catalonia or the Basque Country).

4604: 2653: 6128: 4914: 6328: 5995: 5928: 1088:, as well as political corruption. Most migrants were illiterate or poorly educated peasants, called by the now-recognized racial slur 4878: 3974: 7360: 3473: 917: 139: 6787: 5902: 5116: 1066:

of today, roughly numbering 15 million of which 8 million still live in the diaspora, though the number was much higher before

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evolved from the Assyrian two-way mass deportation policy of conquered populations to deny future territorial claims on their part.

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with many small towns and cities and almost no modern industry in which land management practices, especially in the South and the

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wrote, are requir'd ποιμαίνειν ϗ̀ ἐπισκοπείν, to feed or rule the Flock, and to perform the office and work of Bishops among them.

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Podcast playlist of a seminar series held in 2015 at the University of Edinburgh, School of Literatures, Languages, and Cultures

4969: 4107: 1695:, who began to move in large numbers. Other areas of northern Italy were also affected by emigration such as the rural areas of 1614:

has occurred for a number of different factors over the course of Canadian history. An example is the migration of workers from

6773: 2638: 4026: 6594: 6111:"رضادوست: میزبان پنج میلیون میهمان افغانستانی از طیف‌‌های مختلف هستیم- اخبار افغانستان - اخبار بین الملل تسنیم | Tasnim" 5600:"The Effects of the Dissolution of Yugoslavia on Minority Rights: the Italian Minority in Post-Yugoslav Slovenia and Croatia" 3240: 3077: 2772: 1541:

In the United States of America, approximately 4.3 million people moved outside their home states in 2010, according to

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There is confusion over the exact process of derivation from these Ancient Greek verbs to the concept of diaspora. Many cite

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moved first to the American colonies during the XVII-XX (mainly but not only Mexico, Cuba, Argentine and Venezuela, as many

127:. The word is used in reference to people who identify with a specific geographic location, but currently reside elsewhere. 2318: 1549:

referenced the formation of distinct "Detroit diaspora" communities in Seattle and in Washington, DC, while layoffs in the

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in significant numbers from other particular countries or regions also being referred to as a diaspora. An academic field,

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Between 4 and 6 million have emigrated from Zimbabwe beginning in the 1990s especially since 2000, greatly increasing the

1311:, and other tribes on the move, resettling in Eastern Europe and gradually leaving it predominantly Slavic, and affecting 6821: 5021: 3093:

Gaunt, David; Atto, Naures; Barthoma, Soner O. (2019). "Introduction: Contextualizing the Sayfo in the First World War".

2624: 1672: 1611: 1447: 5246: 3595: 1408: 2648: 2527: 2512: 1195:, and the Black Sea coasts. Greeks founded more than 400 colonies. Tyre and Carthage also colonised the Mediterranean. 842: 6160: 5968: 4930:

About 100 people have made the move so far, and 6,000 more Michiganians have posted résumés on Wyoming's jobs website.

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Let Them Not Return: Sayfo – The Genocide Against the Assyrian, Syriac, and Chaldean Christians in the Ottoman Empire

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Demir, Sara (2017). "The atrocities against the Assyrians in 1915: A legal perspective". In Travis, Hannibal (ed.).

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in 1983, more than 800,000 Tamils have been displaced within Sri Lanka as a local diaspora, and over a half-million

7765: 3766: 3285: 2379: 2314: 2263: 568: 231: 1687:, which was involved in the birth of many industrial activities, migratory phenomena affected the peasants of the 382:(5th century BC) as the first to use the word. However, sociologist Stéphane Dufoix remarks "not only is the noun 2765: 2610: 2443: 2222: 1220:, characterized by a new wave of Greek colonization in Asia and Africa, with Greek ruling classes established in 7741: 5048:"Dependence on Interprovincial Migrant Labour in Atlantic Canadian Communities: The Role of the Alberta Economy" 748:

In contemporary times, scholars have classified the different kinds of diasporas based on their causes, such as

5653: 5555: 5081:"From Coal Pits to Tar Sands: Labour Migration Between an Atlantic Canadian Region and the Athabasca Oil Sands" 4407: 4168: 4053: 2127: 815: 51:

has the world's largest annual out-migration. Pictured at Ricoh Coliseum, in Toronto, Canada, on April 15, 2015

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argued that a diasporic group could leave its homeland voluntarily, and assimilate deeply into host cultures.

3148: 2552: 2131: 2055:-era, huge populations of refugees migrated from countries which experienced conflicts, especially from then- 1800:

regimes established as World War II ended. Hundreds of thousands of these anti-Soviet political refugees and

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flourished in Italy, especially in the South, and property became subdivided over generations. Especially in

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UN Alliance of Civilizations online community on Good Practices of Integration of Migrants across the World

5631: 5339: 3660: 3455: 2875:. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division. December 2017. p. 3. 2746: 2397: 2375: 2187: 1959: 1856: 1375: 745:

in which corporations orchestrate the transnational circulation of people, images, ideologies and capital.

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McDonald, J. S. (October 1958). "Some Socio-economic Emigration Differentials in Rural Italy, 1902–1913".

3216:"English Refugees in the Byzantine Armed Forces: The Varangian Guard and Anglo-Saxon Ethnic Consciousness" 2992: 4208: 3530: 3402:"Contesting National Identities in an Ethnically Homogeneous State: The Case of Armenian Democratization" 1985: 7863: 6129:"روزنامه اصولگرا: ۱۰میلیون مهاجر در کشور هستند که نان دولتی می خورند/ مصرف آنها بیش از مردم خودمان است" 3525: 1386:

arrived in the Americas, after which European exploration and colonization rapidly expanded. Historian

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Transnational diaspora options: How developing countries could benefit from their emigrant populations

4559: 492:, translated to mean 'The Lord doth build up Jerusalem: he gathereth together the outcasts of Israel'. 8075: 7211: 6485: 5866: 5272: 5221: 2794: 2789: 2439: 2421: 2012: 1619: 31: 17: 6258: 4451: 7947: 7698: 6793: 1849: 1736: 1680: 1542: 3382:

The Great Game of Genocide: Imperialism, Nationalism, and the Destruction of the Ottoman Armenians

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went to the UK from the Indian subcontinent after India and Pakistan became independent in 1947.

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work (as it is termed) of evangelizing among the National Protestant Churches on the continent".

7384: 6182: 3017: 7800: 7691: 7685: 7662: 7579: 7134: 6994: 6942: 6155: 3118: 2777: 2537: 2452: 2350: 2015:. Millions of Chinese fled to western provinces not occupied by Japan (that is, in particular, 1479: 1425: 838: 684: 368: 286: 215: 187: 151: 60: 6486:

The Microfoundations of Diaspora Politics: Unpacking the State and Disaggregating the Diaspora

5572: 5545: 5518: 5484: 4624: 3319: 3152: 356: 7858: 7189: 6963: 6688: 5879: 5362: 5185:"Una indagine CATI per lo studio della mobilità interna in Italia in un'ottica longitudinale" 3746: 3735: 2940: 2824: 2741: 2431: 2205: 2164: 2123: 853: 732: 7452: 508:

between 740 and 722 BC, as well as Jews, Benjaminites, and Levites who were exiled from the

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includes large populations of Highlanders moving to the United States and Canada after the

1383: 1371: 1039: 973: 921: 776: 711: 227: 2295:, Salvadorans, Guatemalans, and Hondurans have fled conflict and poor economic conditions. 1976:

Prior to World War II and the re-establishment of Israel in 1948, a series of anti-Jewish

1126:

estimates of the number of Nepalese living outside Nepal range well up into the millions.

8: 7987: 7977: 7890: 7770: 7711: 7574: 7478: 7302: 7113: 7103: 7044: 6947: 6532:

Studies in Historical Geography and Biblical Historiography: Presented to Zekharyah Ḳalai

5680: 2668: 2633: 2589: 2306: 2292: 2000: 1963: 1924: 1646: 1475: 1471: 1436: 1320: 1209: 1024: 993: 981: 969: 929: 285:

is the world's largest diaspora, with a population of 17.5 million, followed by the

223: 207: 195: 7831: 7824: 3042: 2819:

Dubnow's comment is referenced, for example, in an article by the editor of the journal

8070: 7952: 7942: 7680: 7670: 7635: 7620: 7589: 7538: 7533: 7287: 7245: 7108: 7098: 7053: 7048: 6885: 6864: 6807: 6671: 6631: 6595:

Impact of ethnic diasporas on the adoption of normative legal acts in the United States

6406: 5860: 5795: 5724: 5394: 4833: 4738: 4616: 3432: 3258: 2532: 2270: 2198: 2111: 1996: 1932: 1872: 1661: 1554: 1518: 1451: 1229: 1217: 1202: 1099: 1077: 1043: 953: 688: 247: 199: 7868: 5450:(2011). "Genocide and ethnic cleansing". In Bloxham, Donald; Gerwarth, Robert (eds.). 3690: 3230: 596:

The term became more widely assimilated into English by the mid 1950s, with long-term

8044: 8008: 8003: 7967: 7924: 7908: 7882: 7722: 7716: 7656: 7514: 7488: 7468: 7447: 7403: 7355: 7333: 7270: 7260: 7255: 7194: 7144: 7139: 7034: 6978: 6968: 6937: 6932: 6916: 6911: 6906: 6770: 6696: 6675: 6635: 6558:

The Jewish Timeline Encyclopedia: A Year-by-year History from Creation to the Present

6543: 6510: 6467: 6445: 6254: 6209:"La emigración venezolana a diferencia de otras 'se va con un diploma bajo el brazo'" 5974: 5829: 5799: 5751: 5712: 5702: 5578: 5551: 5524: 5490: 5463: 5423: 5368: 4761: 4742: 4730: 4643: 4483: 4430: 4370: 4365: 4338: 4174: 4164: 4137: 3905: 3762: 3436: 3323: 3312: 3265: 3236: 3168: 3158: 3098: 3073: 2946: 2905: 2760: 2730: 2725: 2564: 2542: 2507: 2435: 2310: 2259: 2229: 2160: 2080: 1773: 1567: 1467: 1404: 1221: 1213: 1152: 1147: 957: 933: 925: 913: 823: 800: 749: 707: 644: 629: 271: 267: 243: 239: 235: 191: 6574:

Searching for Place: Ukrainian Displaced Persons, Canada and the Migration of Memory

6410: 6061: 4504: 1675:

in 1943, and the end of World War II in 1945, a large internal migratory flow began

1198: 8049: 7972: 7962: 7818: 7775: 7760: 7735: 7730: 7675: 7640: 7625: 7615: 7584: 7553: 7504: 7483: 7432: 7427: 7418: 7389: 7370: 7323: 7277: 7240: 7174: 7164: 7159: 7149: 7058: 7029: 6973: 6838: 6743: 6663: 6623: 6398: 6250: 5815: 5787: 5455: 5088: 5059: 4994: 4886: 4722: 4360: 4350: 4030: 3897: 3428: 3401: 3187: 2751: 2715: 2695: 2574: 2569: 2408: 2299: 2248: 2147: 2040: 1970: 1868: 1841: 1801: 1676: 1546: 1485: 1395:

were mainly from several parts of Spain, but not only the impoverished ones (i.e.,

1392: 1344: 1240: 1081: 1005: 1001: 989: 977: 965: 807: 788: 770: 753: 728: 617: 601: 513: 509: 501: 436: 290: 259: 255: 211: 167: 135: 78: 7630: 4231: 4000: 2966: 2179:

to destinations such as India, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the UK, and Europe.

2067:, some of which were related to power struggles between the United States and the 386:

quite absent from the Greek original , but the original does not include the verb

8028: 7850: 7844: 7785: 7548: 7543: 7519: 7375: 7348: 7343: 7282: 7218: 7184: 7169: 7129: 7093: 7083: 7039: 6890: 6777: 6379: 6041: 5823: 5745: 5459: 4477: 4424: 4403: 4390: 3718: 3535: 2910: 2782: 2658: 2288: 2194: 2183: 2119: 1940: 1884: 1804:

ended up in western Europe, Australia, Canada, and the United States of America.

1684: 1615: 1586: 1489: 1264: 1225: 1192: 1156: 1118: 1110: 1093: 1035: 1009: 997: 985: 949: 941: 937: 905: 742: 655: 550: 526: 263: 171: 159: 131: 48: 7780: 7610: 6402: 1585:

has its origins in internal migration – voluntary or otherwise – from

621: 63:

is the world's second-largest diaspora; pictured is Mexican day celebrations in

7839: 7706: 7509: 7437: 7328: 7206: 7008: 6843: 6611: 6527: 6481: 5443: 3376: 3232:

The coolie speaks : Chinese indentured laborers and African slaves in Cuba

2936: 2700: 2685: 2579: 2557: 2494: 2490: 2281: 2176: 2115: 2076: 1827: 1816: 1793: 1692: 1632: 1597: 1510: 1500:. Poverty was the main reason for emigration, specifically the lack of land as 1441: 1415: 1304: 1300: 1276: 1233: 1184: 1160: 1085: 1055: 961: 899: 757: 640: 546: 542: 278: 183: 175: 155: 124: 7408: 6368:

with Ashok Swain. International Journal on World Peace 25 (3), September 2008.

5791: 5716: 5389: 2427: 1683:

between the 1950s and 1960s. Given that this economic growth mostly concerned

465:, translated to mean 'thou shalt be a dispersion in all kingdoms of the earth' 8064: 7525: 7318: 7297: 7179: 7154: 6523: 5889: 5885: 5447: 4734: 4178: 3521: 3440: 3172: 3043:"Babylonian Captivity | Definition, History, & Significance | Britannica" 2931: 2690: 2599: 2244: 2138: 1831: 1777: 1769: 1514: 1506: 1367: 1308: 1188: 1172: 1122: 1059: 1020: 909: 877: 834: 819: 796: 692: 432: 364: 302: 203: 6309: 4257:"African Union Passport Launched during Opening of 27th AU Summit in Kigali" 7558: 5970:

Zimbabwe's New Diaspora: Displacement and the Cultural Politics of Survival

5696: 5317:"L'esodo giuliano-dalmata e quegli italiani in fuga che nacquero due volte" 4944:"MichAgain program aims to return talented people, investments to Michigan" 4420: 4374: 2932: 2710: 2680: 2584: 2068: 2064: 1989: 1928: 1920: 1900: 1896: 1860: 1808: 1797: 1765: 1761: 1530: 1493: 1387: 1063: 945: 521: 431:. His entry, published in 1931, includes the following remark: "In a sense 424: 407:, translated to mean 'Those of the Aeginetans who did not settle here were 394:(seed) conjugated in the passive aorist." The passage in Thucydides reads: 163: 6667: 6627: 6310:"The Globe: Diaspora Marketing, Nirmalya Kumar and Jan-Benedict Steenkamp" 5698:

Social Justice and Israel/Palestine: Foundational and Contemporary Debates

5093: 4355: 3901: 2523:

List of sovereign states and dependent territories by immigrant population

1130:

decimated the Lao capital, capturing, torturing, and killing the Lao king

589:

The OED records a usage of "diaspora" in 1876, which refers to "extensive

7442: 6459: 5819: 5606: 4090:

Issue Brief: The Politics of Diaspora Management in the Republic of Korea

3889: 2485: 2104: 2100: 2092: 2084: 2071:, produced new refugee populations that developed into global diasporas. 2060: 2046: 2032: 2005: 1749: 1679:. This internal emigration was sustained and constantly increased by the 1657: 1652: 1636: 1432: 1352: 1268: 1180: 1028: 699: 649: 597: 517: 450: 219: 6084: 5064: 5047: 4837: 2338: 123:

that is scattered across regions which are separate from its geographic

6614:(1991). "Diasporas in Modern Societies: Myths of Homeland and Return". 5046:

Lionais, Doug; Murray, Christinas; Donatelli, Chloe (19 January 2020).

4620: 4108:"Annual number of slaves brought from Africa to the Americas 1501–1866" 2643: 2617: 2389: 2091:

from Cambodia were displaced after they were expelled by the 1975–1979

2036: 1981: 1955: 1781: 1513:, conditions were harsh. Until the 1860s to 1950s, most of Italy was a 1248: 1103: 885: 703: 443: 379: 120: 7790: 7605: 6583:. International Journal of Multicultural Societies 8 (1), pp. 1–3 4096:. Republic of Korea: The ASAN Institute for Policy Studies. p. 1. 1837: 1403:), and the destination varied also along the time. As an example, the 6746:(2012). University Bielefeld – Center for InterAmerican Studies. 6366:

Diasporas as Peacemakers: Third Party Mediation in Homeland Conflicts

4232:"Africa: Era of the African Passport – A Mixed Bag of Opportunities?" 4158: 2277: 2269:

A million Colombian refugees have left Colombia since 1965 to escape

2252: 1916: 1812: 1688: 1571: 1502: 1332: 1252: 1176: 1071: 881: 731:

are communities of merchant aliens. In an article published in 1996,

633: 541:

The oldest known use of the word "diaspora" in English is in 1594 in

479:οἰκοδομῶν Ἰερουσαλὴμ ὁ Kύριος καὶ τὰς διασπορὰς τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἐπισυνάξει 38: 6721: 3540: 1023:, numbering roughly 12 million in Europe trace their origins to the 7795: 6560:, (new updated edition), Northvalem New Jersey: Jason Aronson, 1992 5547:

History in Exile: Memory and Identity at the Borders of the Balkans

4726: 4387: 3498:

With $ 78 billion, India still highest overseas remittance receiver

2404: 2052: 1951: 1912: 1904: 1876: 1864: 1785: 1665: 1526: 1316: 1312: 1292: 1272: 1168: 1131: 811: 664: 6794:

Diasporic Trajectories: Transnational Cultures in the 21st Century

6285:"How WeChat and Zalo Shine a Light on the Asian American Diaspora" 4283:"At 17.5 million, Indian diaspora largest in the world: UN report" 4160:

The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times

3596:"Thucydides, The Peloponnesian War, book 2, chapter 27, section 2" 3192: 1969:

Spain sent many political activists into exile during the rule of

1939:

during the first years of the exodus, in what became known as the

1755: 6720:, Foreign Policy Club, Pristina (2012), abstract and free access 4785:. "Global Disaporas" series. New York: Routledge. pp. 58–80. 3235:. Internet Archive. Philadelphia : Temple University Press. 2262:

formed around the start of the 21st century. More than 1 million

2143: 2096: 2024: 2016: 1947: 1724: 1700: 1623: 1592: 1578: 1396: 1361: 1348: 1340: 1336: 1328: 1256: 1171:

spread people of Greek culture, religion and language around the

1164: 1089: 780: 505: 372: 251: 182:

who left their homelands during the 19th and 20th centuries; the

64: 4824:

King, Russell (1 January 1978). "Report: The Italian Diaspora".

1545:

tax-exemption data. In a 2011 TEDx presentation, Detroit native

7379: 5676:"What exhuming Francisco Franco's remains could mean for Spain" 5340:"La Repubblica italiana | Treccani, il portale del sapere" 4758:

L'emigrazione italiana dall' Unità alla Seconda Guerra Mondiale

4640:

Economic Growth and the Ending of the Transatlantic Slave Trade

4256: 2467: 2393: 2218: 2212: 2172: 2155: 2020: 2011:

From the late 19th century, and formally from 1910, Japan made

1977: 1892: 1880: 1712: 1696: 1455: 1280: 1260: 1114: 1106:

living abroad mostly in middle east, North America and Europe.

1067: 862: 625: 612: 486: 473: 147: 7013: 5825:

The Specter of Genocide: Mass Murder in Historical Perspective

5814:

Kissi, Edward (2003). "Genocide in Cambodia and Ethiopia". In

5419:

Collective Identities and Post-war Violence in Europe, 1944–48

1492:. The first diaspora began around 1880, two decades after the 841:

in July 2016, allowing people with a passport from one of the

442:

The first recorded use of the word "diaspora" is found in the

317:), "I scatter", "I spread about" which in turn is composed of 99: 55: 6693:

Diaspora and Transnationalism: Concepts, Theories and Methods

6602:

Global Indian Diasporas: trajectories of migration and theory

3514: 2705: 2547: 2237: 2163:

have historically migrated to find work, notably, during the

2151: 2028: 1908: 1796:

refugees moved west, away from Soviet expansion and from the

1789: 1728: 1720: 1708: 1704: 1496:, and ended in the 1920s to the early 1940s with the rise of 1400: 1296: 1288: 1284: 1244: 1051: 827: 792: 604:, has become established relating to this sense of the word. 483: 477: 460: 454: 398: 348: 342: 336: 330: 324: 318: 312: 306: 143: 6799: 6586:

Mahroum, Sami; Eldridge, Cynthia; Daar, Abdallah S. (2006).

5695:

Aaron J., Hahn Tapper; Sucharov, Mira, eds. (24 June 2019).

5148:

dives into the lonely life of labour in Alberta's oil sands"

680:

illustrate but defined the word with reference to that case.

262:, which grew from half a million to 3.8 million between the 27:

Widely scattered population from a single original territory

6581:

Transnational Knowledge Through Diaspora Networks-Editorial

6538:

Jayasuriya, Shihan De S.; Pankhurst, Richard, eds. (2003).

6496:

Dubnow, Simon (1931). "Diaspora". In Johnson, Alvin (ed.).

6359:

Negotiating Diaspora: Jewish Strategies in the Roman Empire

6037:"Will Iraq's 1.3 million refugees ever be able to go home?" 5269:"An International Conference on the Baltic Archives Abroad" 4132:

Jayasuriya, Shihan De S.; Pankhurst, Richard, eds. (2003).

3310:

Broughton, Simon; Ellingham, Mark; Trillo, Richard (1999).

2233: 2031:

in the Northwest) and to Southeast Asia. More than 100,000

1936: 1845: 1732: 1716: 1462:. About 60% of Argentina's population has Italian ancestry. 1324: 1027:, and their presence in Europe is first attested to in the 1016: 179: 102: 84: 6718:

Beyond Remittances: Public Diplomacy and Kosovo's Diaspora

4479:

The Chinese diaspora: space, place, mobility, and identity

4336: 2043:(and later into the Soviet Union) away from the Japanese. 1731:. Even some cities in central and southern Italy (such as 607: 6590:. International Journal on Multicultural Societies, 2006. 6082: 1984:

and caused many to flee, mostly to Palestine/Israel. The

1418:, beginning in the mid-19th century and brought about by 1050:, expulsion, and enslavement of the Jewish population of 806:

Beginning as early as the 2nd century AD, the kingdom of

90: 6056:(UNHCR), United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. 5750:. London and New York: Taylor & Francis. p. 5. 5416:

Konrád, Ota; Barth, Boris; Mrňka, Jaromír, eds. (2021).

4426:

The Story of the Jews: Finding the Words 1000 BC–1492 AD

4068: 3309: 2493:, was the first mainstream American film to feature the 1046:, the majority of the diaspora can be attributed to the 1015:

different regions, languages, cultures, and faiths (see

6329:"Gran Torino connects Hmong Minnesotans with Hollywood" 4196:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. ix–8. 3918: 3870: 3836: 3834: 3807: 3576: 3474:"Migration and Brain Drain from Iran | Iranian Studies" 2240:) turned deadly and produced a mass efflux of refugees. 5903:"Refugee population by country or territory of origin" 5045: 4585:

Adrams, L. "Diaspora and Identity in the Viking Age",

3942: 3896:. Seattle: University of Washington Press. p. 6. 3720:

A Fruitfull Commentarie Vpon the Twelue Small Prophets

3552: 3351:"No way home: The tragedy of the Palestinian diaspora" 3070:

The Assyrian Genocide: Cultural and Political Legacies

2997:

Keywords for American Cultural Studies, Second Edition

2280:

and Uruguay refugees fled to Europe during periods of

2047:

The Cold War and the formation of post-colonial states

1973:'s military regime from 1936 until his death in 1975. 6500:. Vol. 5. New York: Macmillan. pp. 126–130. 5996:"Engaging the diaspora in an era of transnationalism" 5858: 5247:"L'emigrazione interna italiana negli anni '50 e '60" 5216: 5214: 5212: 4760:(in Italian) (2nd ed.). Il Mulino. 1st chapter. 4337:

Kalaydjieva, Luba; Gresham, D.; Calafell, F. (2001).

3954: 3930: 3819: 3642: 3630: 3618: 3188:"İstanbul'da GÜRCÜ Cemaati ve Katolik Gürcü kilisesi" 2844:"Infographic: India Has the World's Biggest Diaspora" 427:, who wrote an entry on diaspora for the influential 111: 93: 6326: 4800:. Toronto: Multicultural History Society of Ontorio. 3831: 3606: 3157:(revised ed.). London: Routledge. p. 163. 718:

on the move and no longer referring to the specific

96: 81: 6654:(s): Stateless Power in the Transnational Moment". 6537: 4672:Departamento de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas de la 4131: 496:When the Bible was translated into Greek, the word 87: 5859: 5209: 5022:"China tries to restore order after migrant riots" 4696: 4694: 3858: 3846: 3564: 3311: 3257: 2448:Venezuelan Community Abroad: A New Method of Exile 2099:. A small, predominantly Muslim ethnic group, the 1703:. The destinations of these emigrants were mainly 1102:is the third in Asia with approximately 9 million 289:, with a population of 11.8 million, and the 6604:, Amsterdam University Press, 2007 Free download 5947:"Nearly 20 Percent of All Dominicans Live Abroad" 5442: 4798:Pane e Lavoro: The Italian American Working Class 4678:"Historias de inmigrantes italianos en Argentina" 4339:"Genetic studies of the Roma (Gypsies): A review" 4322:(2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. p. xxxvii. 3092: 1954:in 2002, the Italians who remained in the former 1374:, who opened the way for the widespread European 1034:The earliest known Asian diaspora of note is the 462:esē en diaspora en pasais tais basileiais tēs gēs 456:ἔσῃ ἐν διασπορᾷ ἐν πάσαις ταῖς βασιλείαις τῆς γῆς 415:Dufoix further notes, "Of all the occurrences of 8062: 6788:Integration: Building Inclusive Societies (IBIS) 6361:, Continuum International Publishing Group, 2004 5694: 5415: 5121:by Kate Beaton review – Powerful big oil memoir" 4476:Ma, Laurence J. C.; Cartier, Carolyn L. (2003). 4194:Aksum: An African Civilisation of Late Antiquity 1382:In 1492 a Spanish-financed expedition headed by 1303:. The second phase, between 500 and 900 AD, saw 566:However, the current entry on "diaspora" in the 6644:Kinship and Diasporas in International Politics 6579:Mahroum, Sami & De Guchteneire, P. (2007), 6327:Peterson-de la Cueva, Lisa (24 November 2008). 6233: 4691: 4320:Historical Dictionary of the Gypsies (Romanies) 3975:"The Economic Impact of the 'Katrina Diaspora'" 3314:World Music: Africa, Europe and the Middle East 1756:World War II, colonialism, and post-colonialism 1159:, the trading and colonising activities of the 671:Brubaker outlined the original use of the term 6751:Diasporas: Concepts, Intersections, Identities 6695:. Amsterdam University Press. pp. 73–89. 6507:The Dispersion: A History of the Word Diaspora 6440:Chaliand, Gérard; Rageau, Jean-Pierre (1995). 6439: 6144: 6142: 5452:Political Violence in Twentieth-century Europe 5241: 5239: 4970:"Chinese Migrant Workers Enticed To Stay Home" 3546: 2298:Hundreds of thousands of people fled from the 2225:and took over their businesses and properties. 1645:, which details her experience working in the 1155:contains numerous diaspora-causing events. In 1080:(also known as the Chinese Diaspora; see also 6815: 6083:پایگاه خبری تحلیلی انتخاب (3 December 2022). 2460: 2302:in 1994 and moved into neighboring countries. 1774:enslaved or murdered millions of other people 1347:saw the coming of the Hungarian Magyars. The 787:From the 8th through the 19th centuries, the 439:and their integration into the Roman Empire. 6691:. In Bauböck, Rainer; Faist, Thomas (eds.). 5360: 4708: 4706: 4305:European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights 4209:"African Union launches all-Africa passport" 2415: 698:Some observers have labeled evacuation from 6139: 5828:. Cambridge University Press. p. 314. 5550:. Princeton University Press. p. 103. 5486:Genocide: Truth, Memory, and Representation 5454:. Cambridge University Press. p. 125. 5236: 4912: 3399: 2654:History of immigration to the United States 2471: 1419: 329:), "between, through, across" and the verb 6822: 6808: 6234:Van Den Bos, Matthijs; Nell, Liza (2006). 5729:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4605:"The Columbian Mosaic in Colonial America" 4532:. Highered.mcgraw-hill.com. Archived from 3255: 1474:; as well as the Lowlanders, becoming the 293:, with a population of 10.7 million. 194:that developed on a large scale after the 150:that fled or were displaced following the 130:Notable diasporic populations include the 6735:Cohen, Robin, and Carolin Fischer (eds.) 6149:Olivares, Francisco (13 September 2014). 5543: 5482: 5179: 5177: 5175: 5173: 5171: 5169: 5167: 5165: 5092: 5063: 4876: 4703: 4475: 4364: 4354: 4191: 2266:live abroad, a majority living in the US. 1068:Zionist immigration to what is now Israel 562:, that is, a scattering or sowing abrode. 516:in 587 BC, and Jews who were exiled from 6649: 6540:The African Diaspora in the Indian Ocean 6434:Locating the English Diaspora, 1500–2010 6378: 6148: 6034: 5570: 5078: 4915:"Wyoming wins over Michigan job seekers" 4795: 4780: 4715:Economic Development and Cultural Change 4712: 4642:. Oxford University Press. p. 139. 4603:Axtell, James (September–October 1991). 4449: 4134:The African Diaspora in the Indian Ocean 4074: 3960: 3948: 3936: 3924: 3825: 3648: 3558: 2383: 2167:(1796–1948). Since the beginning of the 2137: 1836: 1651: 1596:Pamphlet advertising for immigration to 1591: 1446: 1366: 1197: 1070:and the murder of 6 million Jews in the 872: 852: 683: 611: 355: 301:The term "diaspora" is derived from the 54: 43: 6490:Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 6282: 6058:"UNHCR Syria Regional Refugee Response" 5520:Ethnic Cleansing and the European Union 5387: 5361:Evans, Thammy; Abraham, Rudolf (2013). 4967: 4913:Silke Carty, Sharon (5 December 2006). 4502: 4317: 4229: 4086: 3972: 3453: 3375: 2991:Edwards, Brent Hayes (8 October 2014). 2990: 2674:Population transfer in the Soviet Union 2595:History of the Jews during World War II 2518:List of expulsions of African Americans 2329: 2255:, over a million people have left Cuba. 2134:identity documents to Tibetan refugees. 1414:A specific 19th-century example is the 1191:"), northern Libya, eastern Spain, the 608:Scholarly work and expanding definition 400:καὶ οἱ μὲν αὐτῶν ἐνταῦθα ᾤκησαν, οἱ δ᾽ 14: 8063: 6749:Knott, Kim, and Sean McLoughlin, eds. 6737:Routledge Handbook of Diaspora Studies 6686: 6650:Tölölyan, Khachig (1996). "Rethinking 6610: 6504: 6495: 5743: 5516: 5489:. Duke University Press. p. 295. 5422:. Springer International. p. 20. 5390:"Election Opens Old Wounds in Trieste" 5162: 5141: 5019: 4850: 4602: 4419: 4156: 3998: 3876: 3840: 3813: 3636: 3624: 3612: 3582: 3418: 3154:Genocide: A Comprehensive Introduction 2898: 2639:Forced settlements in the Soviet Union 1911:, and in smaller numbers, towards the 1681:economic growth that Italy experienced 1205:during the Archaic period (750–550 BC) 668:of eight different diasporas covered. 489:kai tas diasporas tou Israēl episynaxē 6803: 6563: 6466:(2nd ed.). Abingdon: Routledge. 6458: 5813: 5597: 5114: 4941: 4810:Ben-Ghiat and Hom, "Introduction" to 4637: 4206: 4051: 4024: 3888: 3864: 3852: 3748:Commentaries on the Catholic Epistles 3570: 3147: 3067: 2882:from the original on 19 February 2018 2773:World War II evacuation and expulsion 2479: 1863:exodus and departure of local ethnic 1536: 1141: 8022:Diasporas by non-nation-based origin 6576:. University of Toronto Press, 2000. 6568:. New York: Oxford University Press. 6498:Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences 6183:"Hugo Chavez is Scaring Away Talent" 5993: 5880:participating institution membership 4968:Kenneth, Rapoza (19 February 2013). 4823: 4755: 4530:"Early development of Greek society" 4054:"The Potential of Science Diasporas" 3256:Montgomery, David R. (14 May 2007). 3185: 2438:emigrated from Venezuela during the 2333: 2232:between rival social/ethnic groups ( 2201:which culminated in the fall of the 1770:deported and killed millions of Jews 1742: 775:The diaspora of Africans during the 764: 504:which was exiled from Israel by the 429:Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences 6566:Diaspora: A Very Short Introduction 6375:. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell. 6055: 5933:Upfront: The Newsmagazine for Teens 5367:. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 11. 5142:Rogers, Shelagh (2 December 2022). 5079:Ferguson, Nelson (1 January 2011). 4877:Gilchrist, Garlin (6 August 2011). 4505:"Bhutan refugees are 'intimidated'" 3454:Kodmani, Bassma (5 December 2018). 3228: 3129:from the original on 19 August 2020 2625:Jewish exodus from the Muslim world 2392:from Turkey to the Greek island of 2087:of 1955–1975. Later, 30,000 French 1557:migration from Michigan to Wyoming 24: 6729: 6436:(Liverpool University Press, 2012) 6035:Sengupta, Kim (16 December 2011). 5777: 5673: 5577:. Unwin Hyman. pp. 139, 143. 5483:Ballinger, Pamela (7 April 2009). 5337: 4674:Universidad Nacional de La Matanza 4503:Bhaumik, Subir (7 November 2007). 4052:Burns, William (9 December 2013). 4001:"Katrina scatters a grim diaspora" 3744: 3716: 3456:"The Syrian Diaspora, Old and New" 3433:10.1002/j.1538-165x.2008.tb00621.x 3400:Harutyunyan, Arus (1 April 2009). 3264:. University of California Press. 3260:Dirt: The Erosion of Civilizations 2649:Great Migration (African American) 2528:Expulsion of Poles by Nazi Germany 2513:List of ethnic cleansing campaigns 2118:emigrated to India, following the 1677:from one Italian region to another 848: 390:either. The verb used is the verb 25: 8087: 6764: 6758:Diaspora Politics: At Home Abroad 6646:, Michigan University Press, 2007 6464:Global Diasporas: An Introduction 6012:from the original on 21 July 2018 5744:Sikand, Yoginder (31 July 2004). 5388:Markham, James M. (6 June 1987). 5087:. 17 & 18 (Special Section). 3999:Walden, Will (1 September 2005). 3973:Kennedy, Bruce (31 August 2010). 3018:"Diaspora definition and meaning" 2862: 2721:Persecution of Muslims in Myanmar 2442:. The analysis of a study by the 1958:amounted to 21,894 people (2,258 1136:lao rebellion in the 19th century 918:Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriac diaspora 861:is the world's largest diaspora; 140:Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriac diaspora 7907: 7407: 7012: 6842: 6593:Nesterovych, Volodymyr (2013). " 6320: 6302: 6276: 6255:10.1111/j.1471-0374.2006.00141.x 6227: 6201: 6175: 6121: 6103: 6076: 6049: 6028: 5987: 5961: 5939: 5921: 5895: 5852: 5806: 5771: 5737: 5688: 5667: 5646: 5624: 5591: 5574:Refugees in the Age of Total War 5564: 5537: 5510: 5476: 5436: 5409: 5381: 5354: 5331: 5309: 5287: 5261: 5135: 5108: 5072: 5039: 5020:Demick, Barbara (13 June 2011). 5013: 4987: 4851:Bruner, Jon (16 November 2011). 3767:Oxford English Dictionary Online 3733: 3707:Galil & Weinfeld, pp. 96–97. 2380:Refugees of the Syrian Civil War 2337: 1435:people, originally from Europe, 569:Oxford English Dictionary Online 500:was applied in reference to the 341:), "I sow, I scatter". The term 77: 7953:Dominicans (Dominican Republic) 6542:. Trenton: Africa World Press. 6480:Délano Alonso, Alexandra & 6151:"Best and brightest for export" 5115:Smart, James (6 October 2022). 4961: 4935: 4905: 4870: 4844: 4817: 4804: 4789: 4774: 4749: 4665: 4656: 4631: 4596: 4579: 4566: 4548: 4522: 4496: 4469: 4443: 4413: 4396: 4381: 4330: 4311: 4293: 4275: 4249: 4223: 4200: 4185: 4150: 4136:. Trenton: Africa World Press. 4125: 4100: 4080: 4045: 4018: 3992: 3966: 3882: 3782: 3755: 3727: 3710: 3701: 3683: 3674: 3665: 3654: 3588: 3507: 3491: 3466: 3447: 3412: 3393: 3369: 3343: 3303: 3278: 3249: 3222: 3208: 3179: 3141: 3111: 3086: 2813: 2766:Persecution of Uyghurs in China 2611:Expulsions and exoduses of Jews 2444:Central University of Venezuela 2313:, New Zealand and Ireland. The 1343:arrived. The last phase of the 1054:, whose descendants became the 6716:Xharra, B. & Wählisch, M. 6492:, Volume 45, Issue 4: 473–491. 6432:Bueltmann, Tanja, et al. eds. 6283:Chester, Ken (7 August 2013). 6215:(in Spanish). 17 December 2014 5297:(in Italian). 10 February 2014 5249:(in Italian). 16 November 2012 5222:"Emigrazione interna italiana" 4638:Eltis, Kingston David (1987). 4452:"2018 World Jewish Population" 4408:Society of Biblical Literature 3186:Kaya, Önder (9 January 2013). 3061: 3035: 3010: 2984: 2959: 2939:and Ian Skoggard, ed. (2004). 2925: 2836: 2369: 2128:Central Tibetan Administration 1988:likewise saw at least 750,000 1950:in 2001 and that organized in 1203:Greek territories and colonies 620:is the world's third largest; 13: 1: 6829: 6783:Open access book on Diasporas 5632:"Državni Zavod za Statistiku" 5319:(in Italian). 5 February 2019 4230:Njoroge, June (3 July 2022). 4207:Monks, Kieron (5 July 2016). 4192:Munro-Hay, Stuart C. (1991). 2801: 2553:Great Famine of Mount Lebanon 2430:and the establishment of his 1601: 1558: 1424:or "the Great Hunger" of the 889: 577:The Presbyters of the Jewish 536: 6597:". Viche. 8: pp. 19–23. 6159:(in Spanish). Archived from 6115:خبرگزاری تسنیم | Tasnim 5929:"1959: The Cuban Revolution" 5517:Tesser, Lynn (14 May 2013). 5460:10.1017/CBO9780511793271.004 5190:(in Italian). Archived from 4942:Walsh, Tom (10 April 2011). 4796:Pozzetta, George E. (1980). 4682:infouniversidades.siu.edu.ar 4482:. Rowman & Littlefield. 3661:Assyrian captivity of Israel 3478:iranian-studies.stanford.edu 2806: 2747:History of the Romani people 2426:Following the presidency of 2398:2015 European migrant crisis 2376:2015 European migrant crisis 2188:1979 invasion of Afghanistan 1376:colonization of the Americas 1319:as the first Turkic tribes ( 1216:marked the beginning of the 484: 461: 363:depicting the emigration to 296: 232:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 7: 6403:10.1080/0141987042000289997 6371:Braziel, Jana Evans. 2008. 6357:Barclay, John M. G. (ed.), 5994:Song, Changzoo (May 2014). 5747:Muslims in India Since 1947 5271:. Kirmus.ee. Archived from 4029:. Routledge. Archived from 4027:"Listening for Geographies" 3421:Political Science Quarterly 2500: 2223:80,000 South Asians in 1972 1639:in her 2022 graphic memoir 1179:basins, establishing Greek 1042:and later migrations under 529:. The wider application of 353:) hence meant "scattering". 10: 8092: 6687:Weinar, Agnieszka (2010). 6442:Penguin Atlas of Diasporas 6364:Baser, B. & Swain, A. 6350: 5571:Bramwell, Anna C. (1988). 5544:Ballinger, Pamela (2003). 4879:"From Detroit. To Detroit" 4556:"Hellenistic Civilization" 4157:Shanti, Sadiq Ali (1996). 3547:Chaliand & Rageau 1995 3515: 2461:Diaspora Internet services 2419: 2373: 2051:Both during and after the 1145: 903: 897: 843:55 member states of the AU 768: 478: 476:146(147).2, in the phrase 455: 399: 343: 331: 319: 307: 172:Norman Conquest of England 36: 29: 8037: 8021: 7996: 7933: 7917: 7904: 7881: 7811: 7753: 7649: 7598: 7567: 7497: 7461: 7417: 7402: 7361:Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriacs 7311: 7233: 7122: 7076: 7067: 7022: 7007: 6987: 6956: 6925: 6899: 6878: 6852: 6837: 6505:Dufoix, Stéphane (2017). 6391:Ethnic and Racial Studies 6384:"The 'diaspora' diaspora" 6373:Diaspora: An Introduction 5867:Oxford English Dictionary 5792:10.1080/00905990600617623 5523:. Springer. p. 136. 5144:"Kate Beaton's affecting 4995:"China's migrant workers" 3286:"The Highland Clearances" 2795:Expulsion of the Moriscos 2790:Expulsion of the Acadians 2440:Venezuelan refugee crisis 2422:Venezuelan refugee crisis 2416:Venezuelan refugee crisis 2122:after the failure of his 1620:Newfoundland and Labrador 421:Thesaurus Linguae Graecae 411:over the rest of Hellas.' 266:and 2019, mostly live in 32:Diaspora (disambiguation) 6333:Twin Cities Daily Planet 5973:. Berghahn Books. 2010. 4781:Gabaccia, Donna (2000). 4318:Kenrick, Donald (2007). 4087:Mylonas, Harris (2013). 3691:"Definition of DIASPORA" 3671:Kantor, pp. 53, 105–106. 3318:. Rough Guides. p. 3119:"Fall of Constantinople" 2489:, a 2008 drama starring 2251:and the introduction of 1857:Istrian–Dalmatian exodus 1850:Istrian-Dalmatian exodus 1807:After World War II, the 1626:, driven in part by the 1589:since the 16th century. 1553:also led to substantial 1480:Scotch-Irish in America. 1109:At least three waves of 485:oikodomōn Ierousalēm ho 222:in the aftermath of the 37:Not to be confused with 6314:Harvard Business Review 5872:Oxford University Press 5295:"Il Giorno del Ricordo" 4058:Science & Diplomacy 3794:Encyclopædia Britannica 3531:A Greek–English Lexicon 3387:Oxford University Press 3123:Encyclopædia Britannica 2664:Long Walk of the Navajo 2284:in the 1970s and 1980s. 2271:violence and civil wars 2165:British colonial period 2013:Korea a Japanese colony 1986:1947–1949 Palestine war 867:Little India, Singapore 754:trade/labour migrations 361:Emigrants Leave Ireland 349: 337: 325: 313: 6995:Emigration from Africa 4853:"Migration in America" 4783:Italy's Many Diasporas 4662:Richmond, pp. 172–173. 4450:DellaPergola, Sergio. 4025:McAlister, Elizabeth. 3460:Arab Reform Initiative 2778:Persecution of Yazidis 2538:Late Ottoman genocides 2472: 2434:, over 7 million 2400: 2388:Migrants crossing the 2175:have emigrated as the 2158: 1852: 1764:(1939–1945) unfolded, 1673:fall of Fascist regime 1668: 1635:is explored by author 1607: 1463: 1420: 1379: 1206: 895: 870: 839:African Union Passport 818:. In the 6th century, 695: 682: 637: 587: 564: 413: 375: 152:fall of Constantinople 68: 52: 6668:10.1353/dsp.1996.0000 6628:10.1353/dsp.1991.0004 6564:Kenny, Kevin (2013). 5094:10.25071/1705-1436.35 5001:. Winter 2007/08 (80) 4756:Sori, Ercole (1984). 4587:Early Medieval Europe 4356:10.1186/1471-2350-2-5 3902:10.4324/9780203928943 3549:, p. xiii, n. 1. 3522:Liddell, Henry George 3022:CollinsDictionary.com 2971:Migration Data Portal 2742:Anti-Romani sentiment 2432:Bolivarian Revolution 2387: 2247:, following the 1959 2203:USA/British-ensconced 2141: 2124:1959 Tibetan uprising 2023:in the Southwest and 1840: 1655: 1595: 1484:There were two major 1450: 1370: 1201: 1146:Further information: 876: 856: 769:Further information: 687: 677: 615: 575: 555: 453:28:25, in the phrase 404:κατὰ τὴν ἄλλην Ἑλλάδα 396: 359: 58: 47: 6776:3 March 2016 at the 6771:Livius.org: Diaspora 5780:Nationalities Papers 4676:(14 November 2011). 4627:on 19 November 2009. 4576:, London, Routledge. 4343:BMC Medical Genetics 4289:. 18 September 2019. 2330:Twenty-first century 2169:Sri Lankan Civil War 2057:developing countries 1875:) as well as ethnic 1815:-controlled Poland, 1494:Unification of Italy 1460:Immigrant's Festival 1431:From the 1860s, the 1384:Christopher Columbus 1372:Christopher Columbus 1040:Babylonian Captivity 1038:. With roots in the 974:Palestinian diaspora 922:Azerbaijani diaspora 777:Atlantic slave trade 712:New Orleans diaspora 277:According to a 2019 228:Palestinian diaspora 162:; the emigration of 30:For other uses, see 7754:Southwestern Europe 7650:Southeastern Europe 6064:on 19 February 2018 5957:on 8 December 2012. 5870:(Online ed.). 5681:The Washington Post 5598:Klemenčič, Matjaž. 5448:Dirk Moses, Anthony 5338:Tobagi, Benedetta. 5275:on 13 February 2012 5065:10.3390/soc10010011 4402:Killebrew, Ann E.; 4236:The Exchange Africa 3695:Merriam-Webster.com 3504:, 28 November 2019. 2850:. 12 September 2023 2848:Statista Daily Data 2669:Population transfer 2634:Forced displacement 2590:Persecution of Jews 2307:Zimbabwean diaspora 2197:fled from the 1979 2059:. Upheavals in the 2001:Indian subcontinent 1925:Italian citizenship 1848:in 1947 during the 1647:Athabasca oil sands 1478:in Ireland and the 1472:Highland Clearances 1454:during the opening 1212:'s conquest of the 1210:Alexander the Great 1025:Indian subcontinent 994:Sri Lankan diaspora 982:Philippine diaspora 970:Overseas Vietnamese 930:Indonesian diaspora 224:Circassian genocide 208:Indian subcontinent 7905:Western Hemisphere 6756:Sheffer, Gabriel. 6163:on 19 October 2017 6003:IZA World of Labor 5907:Data.WorldBank.org 5395:The New York Times 4948:Detroit Free Press 4812:Italian Mobilities 4456:JewishDatabank.org 4287:The Economic Times 4163:. Orient Longman. 3502:The Economic Times 3229:Yun, Lisa (2008). 3097:. Berghahn Books. 3047:www.britannica.com 2870:"Population Facts" 2533:Partition of India 2480:In popular culture 2470:have also created 2401: 2349:. You can help by 2199:Iranian Revolution 2186:resulted from the 2159: 2112:Southwestern China 1933:Yugoslav Partisans 1873:Dalmatian Italians 1853: 1669: 1662:Sesto San Giovanni 1612:internal migration 1608: 1537:Internal diasporas 1464: 1452:Italian Argentines 1380: 1218:Hellenistic period 1207: 1142:European diasporas 1100:Pakistani diaspora 1096:and other places. 1078:Chinese emigration 1019:). Similarly, the 954:Kurdish population 896: 871: 738:corporate diaspora 696: 638: 549:commentary on the 502:Kingdom of Samaria 376: 248:Lebanese civil war 200:Lowland Clearances 166:(primarily to the 69: 53: 8058: 8057: 8045:Colonial diaspora 8017: 8016: 7877: 7876: 7398: 7397: 7229: 7228: 7212:Sri Lankan Tamils 7003: 7002: 6742:Gewecke, Frauke. 6683:pp. 161–179. 6572:Luciuk, Lubomyr, 6509:. Leiden: Brill. 6264:on 14 August 2014 5878:(Subscription or 5816:Gellately, Robert 5026:Los Angeles Times 4893:on 1 October 2013 4814:(Routledge, 2016) 4574:A Viking Diaspora 4429:. HarperCollins. 4307:. 11 August 2012. 4263:. Union africaine 3879:, pp. 83–84. 3816:, pp. 83–99. 3717:Daneau, Lambert. 3357:. 22 October 2009 3242:978-1-59213-581-3 3218:. De Re Militari. 3079:978-1-351-98025-8 2761:Xinjiang conflict 2731:Rohingya genocide 2726:Rohingya conflict 2565:Diaspora politics 2548:Assyrian genocide 2543:Armenian genocide 2508:List of diasporas 2367: 2366: 2311:the United States 2260:Jamaican diaspora 2230:Rwandan Civil War 2161:Sri Lankan Tamils 2081:Vietnamese people 2035:moved across the 1980:broke out in the 1824:expelled millions 1802:displaced persons 1743:Twentieth century 1486:Italian diasporas 1468:Scottish Diaspora 1393:Spanish emigrants 1351:expansion out of 1214:Achaemenid Empire 1148:European diaspora 1111:Nepalese diaspora 958:Lebanese diaspora 934:Japanese diaspora 926:Georgian diaspora 914:Armenian diaspora 837:(AU) launched an 801:Sri Lanka Kaffirs 765:African diasporas 729:trading diasporas 708:Hurricane Katrina 689:Armenian American 645:collective memory 553:. Daneau writes: 469:and secondly in: 244:Lebanese diaspora 240:Armenian genocide 236:Armenian diaspora 192:Scottish diaspora 144:Assyrian genocide 134:formed after the 16:(Redirected from 8083: 8076:Diaspora studies 8050:Trading diaspora 8038:Related articles 7915: 7914: 7911: 7853: 7834: 7827: 7744: 7742:Meskhetian Turks 7725: 7701: 7699:Turkish Cypriots 7694: 7665: 7528: 7415: 7414: 7411: 7074: 7073: 7020: 7019: 7016: 6850: 6849: 6846: 6824: 6817: 6810: 6801: 6800: 6713: 6711: 6709: 6679: 6639: 6569: 6556:Kantor, Mattis, 6553: 6520: 6501: 6477: 6455: 6429: 6427: 6425: 6419: 6413:. Archived from 6388: 6380:Brubaker, Rogers 6344: 6343: 6341: 6339: 6324: 6318: 6317: 6306: 6300: 6299: 6297: 6295: 6280: 6274: 6273: 6271: 6269: 6263: 6257:. Archived from 6240: 6231: 6225: 6224: 6222: 6220: 6205: 6199: 6198: 6196: 6194: 6179: 6173: 6172: 6170: 6168: 6146: 6137: 6136: 6125: 6119: 6118: 6107: 6101: 6100: 6098: 6096: 6080: 6074: 6073: 6071: 6069: 6060:. Archived from 6053: 6047: 6046: 6032: 6026: 6025: 6019: 6017: 6011: 6000: 5991: 5985: 5984: 5965: 5959: 5958: 5953:. Archived from 5943: 5937: 5936: 5925: 5919: 5918: 5916: 5914: 5909:. The World Bank 5899: 5893: 5883: 5875: 5863: 5856: 5850: 5849: 5844: 5842: 5810: 5804: 5803: 5775: 5769: 5768: 5766: 5764: 5741: 5735: 5734: 5728: 5720: 5692: 5686: 5685: 5671: 5665: 5664: 5662: 5660: 5650: 5644: 5643: 5641: 5639: 5628: 5622: 5621: 5619: 5617: 5611: 5605:. Archived from 5604: 5595: 5589: 5588: 5568: 5562: 5561: 5541: 5535: 5534: 5514: 5508: 5507: 5505: 5503: 5480: 5474: 5473: 5440: 5434: 5433: 5413: 5407: 5406: 5404: 5402: 5385: 5379: 5378: 5358: 5352: 5351: 5349: 5347: 5335: 5329: 5328: 5326: 5324: 5313: 5307: 5306: 5304: 5302: 5291: 5285: 5284: 5282: 5280: 5265: 5259: 5258: 5256: 5254: 5243: 5234: 5233: 5231: 5229: 5218: 5207: 5206: 5204: 5202: 5197:on 20 April 2021 5196: 5189: 5181: 5160: 5159: 5157: 5155: 5139: 5133: 5132: 5130: 5128: 5112: 5106: 5105: 5103: 5101: 5096: 5076: 5070: 5069: 5067: 5043: 5037: 5036: 5034: 5032: 5017: 5011: 5010: 5008: 5006: 4991: 4985: 4984: 4982: 4980: 4965: 4959: 4958: 4956: 4954: 4939: 4933: 4932: 4927: 4925: 4909: 4903: 4902: 4900: 4898: 4889:. Archived from 4874: 4868: 4867: 4865: 4863: 4848: 4842: 4841: 4821: 4815: 4808: 4802: 4801: 4793: 4787: 4786: 4778: 4772: 4771: 4753: 4747: 4746: 4710: 4701: 4698: 4689: 4688: 4669: 4663: 4660: 4654: 4653: 4635: 4629: 4628: 4623:. Archived from 4600: 4594: 4583: 4577: 4570: 4564: 4563: 4558:. Archived from 4552: 4546: 4545: 4543: 4541: 4526: 4520: 4519: 4517: 4515: 4500: 4494: 4493: 4473: 4467: 4466: 4464: 4462: 4447: 4441: 4440: 4417: 4411: 4400: 4394: 4385: 4379: 4378: 4368: 4358: 4334: 4328: 4327: 4315: 4309: 4308: 4297: 4291: 4290: 4279: 4273: 4272: 4270: 4268: 4253: 4247: 4246: 4244: 4242: 4227: 4221: 4220: 4218: 4216: 4204: 4198: 4197: 4189: 4183: 4182: 4154: 4148: 4147: 4129: 4123: 4122: 4120: 4118: 4104: 4098: 4097: 4095: 4084: 4078: 4077:, pp. 3–36. 4072: 4066: 4065: 4049: 4043: 4042: 4040: 4038: 4022: 4016: 4015: 4013: 4011: 3996: 3990: 3989: 3987: 3985: 3970: 3964: 3958: 3952: 3946: 3940: 3934: 3928: 3922: 3916: 3915: 3894:Global Diasporas 3886: 3880: 3874: 3868: 3862: 3856: 3850: 3844: 3838: 3829: 3823: 3817: 3811: 3805: 3804: 3802: 3800: 3786: 3780: 3779: 3777: 3775: 3759: 3753: 3752: 3741: 3731: 3725: 3724: 3714: 3708: 3705: 3699: 3698: 3687: 3681: 3678: 3672: 3669: 3663: 3658: 3652: 3646: 3640: 3634: 3628: 3622: 3616: 3610: 3604: 3603: 3600:data.perseus.org 3592: 3586: 3585:, p. 30–31. 3580: 3574: 3568: 3562: 3556: 3550: 3544: 3538: 3518: 3517: 3511: 3505: 3495: 3489: 3488: 3486: 3484: 3470: 3464: 3463: 3451: 3445: 3444: 3416: 3410: 3409: 3397: 3391: 3390: 3373: 3367: 3366: 3364: 3362: 3347: 3341: 3340: 3338: 3336: 3317: 3307: 3301: 3300: 3298: 3296: 3282: 3276: 3275: 3263: 3253: 3247: 3246: 3226: 3220: 3219: 3212: 3206: 3205: 3203: 3201: 3183: 3177: 3176: 3145: 3139: 3138: 3136: 3134: 3115: 3109: 3108: 3090: 3084: 3083: 3065: 3059: 3058: 3056: 3054: 3039: 3033: 3032: 3030: 3028: 3014: 3008: 3007: 3005: 3003: 2988: 2982: 2981: 2979: 2977: 2963: 2957: 2956: 2945:. p. xxvi. 2929: 2923: 2922: 2920: 2918: 2902: 2896: 2895: 2889: 2887: 2881: 2874: 2866: 2860: 2859: 2857: 2855: 2840: 2828: 2825:Khachig Tölölyan 2817: 2752:Romani Holocaust 2716:Myanmar conflict 2696:Stateless nation 2575:Kurdish refugees 2570:Ethnic cleansing 2475: 2409:Syrian Civil War 2362: 2359: 2341: 2334: 2300:Rwandan genocide 2249:Cuban Revolution 2148:Sri Lankan Tamil 2142:Celebrations of 2041:Russian Far East 1869:Istrian Italians 1842:Istrian Italians 1794:Eastern European 1658:Falck steelworks 1633:export of labour 1606: 1603: 1560: 1547:Garlin Gilchrist 1423: 1265:Germanic peoples 1263:, various other 1241:Migration-Period 1187:(the so-called " 1163:tribes from the 1153:European history 1082:Overseas Chinese 1006:Turkish diaspora 1002:Tibetan diaspora 990:Russian diaspora 978:Persian diaspora 966:Overseas Chinese 894: 891: 789:Arab slave trade 771:African diaspora 733:Khachig Tölölyan 630:Sydney Chinatown 618:Chinese diaspora 602:diaspora studies 547:Lambert Daneau's 543:John Stockwood's 510:Kingdom of Judah 491: 481: 480: 464: 458: 457: 437:Second Punic War 406: 405: 352: 346: 345: 340: 334: 333: 328: 322: 321: 316: 310: 309: 291:Chinese diaspora 287:Mexican diaspora 260:Iranian diaspora 256:Syrian civil war 216:Mexican diaspora 212:Italian diaspora 176:southern Chinese 168:Byzantine Empire 160:Istanbul pogroms 136:Babylonian exile 115: 109: 108: 105: 104: 101: 98: 95: 92: 89: 86: 83: 61:Mexican diaspora 21: 8091: 8090: 8086: 8085: 8084: 8082: 8081: 8080: 8061: 8060: 8059: 8054: 8033: 8029:Muslim diaspora 8013: 7992: 7929: 7906: 7900: 7873: 7849: 7830: 7823: 7807: 7749: 7740: 7721: 7697: 7690: 7661: 7645: 7599:Northern Europe 7594: 7563: 7524: 7493: 7457: 7406: 7394: 7307: 7225: 7118: 7063: 7011: 6999: 6983: 6952: 6921: 6895: 6874: 6841: 6833: 6828: 6778:Wayback Machine 6767: 6732: 6730:Further reading 6727: 6707: 6705: 6703: 6612:Safran, William 6550: 6528:Weinfeld, Moshe 6517: 6482:Mylonas, Harris 6474: 6452: 6423: 6421: 6420:on 9 April 2011 6417: 6386: 6353: 6348: 6347: 6337: 6335: 6325: 6321: 6316:. October 2013. 6308: 6307: 6303: 6293: 6291: 6281: 6277: 6267: 6265: 6261: 6243:Global Networks 6238: 6232: 6228: 6218: 6216: 6207: 6206: 6202: 6192: 6190: 6181: 6180: 6176: 6166: 6164: 6147: 6140: 6127: 6126: 6122: 6109: 6108: 6104: 6094: 6092: 6081: 6077: 6067: 6065: 6054: 6050: 6042:The Independent 6033: 6029: 6015: 6013: 6009: 5998: 5992: 5988: 5981: 5967: 5966: 5962: 5951:Dominican Today 5945: 5944: 5940: 5927: 5926: 5922: 5912: 5910: 5901: 5900: 5896: 5877: 5857: 5853: 5840: 5838: 5836: 5811: 5807: 5776: 5772: 5762: 5760: 5758: 5742: 5738: 5722: 5721: 5709: 5693: 5689: 5674:Meyers, Kayla. 5672: 5668: 5658: 5656: 5652: 5651: 5647: 5637: 5635: 5630: 5629: 5625: 5615: 5613: 5612:on 24 July 2011 5609: 5602: 5596: 5592: 5585: 5569: 5565: 5558: 5542: 5538: 5531: 5515: 5511: 5501: 5499: 5497: 5481: 5477: 5470: 5444:Bloxham, Donald 5441: 5437: 5430: 5414: 5410: 5400: 5398: 5386: 5382: 5375: 5359: 5355: 5345: 5343: 5336: 5332: 5322: 5320: 5315: 5314: 5310: 5300: 5298: 5293: 5292: 5288: 5278: 5276: 5267: 5266: 5262: 5252: 5250: 5245: 5244: 5237: 5227: 5225: 5220: 5219: 5210: 5200: 5198: 5194: 5187: 5183: 5182: 5163: 5153: 5151: 5140: 5136: 5126: 5124: 5113: 5109: 5099: 5097: 5077: 5073: 5044: 5040: 5030: 5028: 5018: 5014: 5004: 5002: 4993: 4992: 4988: 4978: 4976: 4966: 4962: 4952: 4950: 4940: 4936: 4923: 4921: 4910: 4906: 4896: 4894: 4875: 4871: 4861: 4859: 4849: 4845: 4822: 4818: 4809: 4805: 4794: 4790: 4779: 4775: 4768: 4754: 4750: 4711: 4704: 4699: 4692: 4670: 4666: 4661: 4657: 4650: 4636: 4632: 4601: 4597: 4593:(1), pp. 17–38. 4584: 4580: 4571: 4567: 4562:on 5 July 2008. 4554: 4553: 4549: 4539: 4537: 4536:on 6 March 2012 4528: 4527: 4523: 4513: 4511: 4501: 4497: 4490: 4474: 4470: 4460: 4458: 4448: 4444: 4437: 4418: 4414: 4401: 4397: 4391:War of the Jews 4386: 4382: 4335: 4331: 4316: 4312: 4299: 4298: 4294: 4281: 4280: 4276: 4266: 4264: 4255: 4254: 4250: 4240: 4238: 4228: 4224: 4214: 4212: 4205: 4201: 4190: 4186: 4171: 4155: 4151: 4144: 4130: 4126: 4116: 4114: 4106: 4105: 4101: 4093: 4085: 4081: 4073: 4069: 4050: 4046: 4036: 4034: 4023: 4019: 4009: 4007: 3997: 3993: 3983: 3981: 3971: 3967: 3959: 3955: 3947: 3943: 3935: 3931: 3927:, pp. 5–6. 3923: 3919: 3912: 3887: 3883: 3875: 3871: 3863: 3859: 3851: 3847: 3839: 3832: 3824: 3820: 3812: 3808: 3798: 3796: 3788: 3787: 3783: 3773: 3771: 3770:. November 2010 3761: 3760: 3756: 3732: 3728: 3723:. p. 1042. 3715: 3711: 3706: 3702: 3697:. 23 July 2023. 3689: 3688: 3684: 3679: 3675: 3670: 3666: 3659: 3655: 3647: 3643: 3635: 3631: 3623: 3619: 3611: 3607: 3594: 3593: 3589: 3581: 3577: 3569: 3565: 3557: 3553: 3545: 3541: 3536:Perseus Project 3512: 3508: 3496: 3492: 3482: 3480: 3472: 3471: 3467: 3452: 3448: 3417: 3413: 3398: 3394: 3377:Bloxham, Donald 3374: 3370: 3360: 3358: 3355:The Independent 3349: 3348: 3344: 3334: 3332: 3330: 3308: 3304: 3294: 3292: 3284: 3283: 3279: 3272: 3254: 3250: 3243: 3227: 3223: 3214: 3213: 3209: 3199: 3197: 3184: 3180: 3165: 3146: 3142: 3132: 3130: 3117: 3116: 3112: 3105: 3091: 3087: 3080: 3066: 3062: 3052: 3050: 3041: 3040: 3036: 3026: 3024: 3016: 3015: 3011: 3001: 2999: 2989: 2985: 2975: 2973: 2965: 2964: 2960: 2953: 2930: 2926: 2916: 2914: 2911:Merriam Webster 2904: 2903: 2899: 2885: 2883: 2879: 2872: 2868: 2867: 2863: 2853: 2851: 2842: 2841: 2837: 2832: 2831: 2818: 2814: 2809: 2804: 2799: 2783:Yazidi genocide 2659:Human migration 2503: 2482: 2463: 2424: 2418: 2382: 2372: 2363: 2357: 2354: 2347:needs expansion 2332: 2325:policy in 1997. 2289:Central America 2184:Afghan diaspora 2120:14th Dalai Lama 2049: 1885:Istro-Romanians 1758: 1745: 1737:organized crime 1685:Northwest Italy 1616:Atlantic Canada 1604: 1587:European Russia 1539: 1490:Italian history 1339:, and possibly 1230:northwest India 1193:south of France 1150: 1144: 1036:Jewish diaspora 1012: 1010:Yemeni diaspora 998:Syrian diaspora 986:Romani diaspora 950:Korean diaspora 942:Kazakh diaspora 938:Jewish diaspora 906:Afghan diaspora 902: 892: 859:Indian diaspora 851: 849:Asian diasporas 773: 767: 743:late capitalism 706:in the wake of 656:Rogers Brubaker 610: 551:Twelve Prophets 545:translation of 539: 527:Jewish diaspora 299: 283:Indian diaspora 264:1979 revolution 158:as well as the 132:Jewish diaspora 125:place of origin 113: 80: 76: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8089: 8079: 8078: 8073: 8056: 8055: 8053: 8052: 8047: 8041: 8039: 8035: 8034: 8032: 8031: 8025: 8023: 8019: 8018: 8015: 8014: 8012: 8011: 8006: 8000: 7998: 7994: 7993: 7991: 7990: 7985: 7980: 7975: 7970: 7965: 7960: 7955: 7950: 7945: 7939: 7937: 7931: 7930: 7928: 7927: 7921: 7919: 7912: 7902: 7901: 7899: 7898: 7896:New Zealanders 7893: 7887: 7885: 7879: 7878: 7875: 7874: 7872: 7871: 7866: 7861: 7856: 7855: 7854: 7842: 7837: 7836: 7835: 7828: 7815: 7813: 7812:Western Europe 7809: 7808: 7806: 7805: 7804: 7803: 7798: 7793: 7788: 7783: 7773: 7768: 7763: 7757: 7755: 7751: 7750: 7748: 7747: 7746: 7745: 7733: 7728: 7727: 7726: 7714: 7709: 7704: 7703: 7702: 7695: 7692:Greek Cypriots 7683: 7678: 7673: 7668: 7667: 7666: 7653: 7651: 7647: 7646: 7644: 7643: 7638: 7633: 7628: 7623: 7618: 7613: 7608: 7602: 7600: 7596: 7595: 7593: 7592: 7587: 7582: 7580:Crimean Tatars 7577: 7571: 7569: 7568:Eastern Europe 7565: 7564: 7562: 7561: 7556: 7551: 7546: 7541: 7536: 7531: 7530: 7529: 7517: 7512: 7507: 7501: 7499: 7498:Central Europe 7495: 7494: 7492: 7491: 7486: 7481: 7476: 7471: 7465: 7463: 7459: 7458: 7456: 7455: 7450: 7445: 7440: 7435: 7430: 7424: 7422: 7412: 7400: 7399: 7396: 7395: 7393: 7392: 7387: 7382: 7378: / 7373: 7368: 7363: 7358: 7353: 7352: 7351: 7346: 7341: 7336: 7331: 7326: 7315: 7313: 7309: 7308: 7306: 7305: 7300: 7295: 7290: 7285: 7280: 7275: 7274: 7273: 7268: 7263: 7258: 7248: 7243: 7237: 7235: 7231: 7230: 7227: 7226: 7224: 7223: 7222: 7221: 7216: 7215: 7214: 7204: 7203: 7202: 7187: 7182: 7177: 7172: 7167: 7162: 7157: 7152: 7147: 7142: 7137: 7132: 7126: 7124: 7120: 7119: 7117: 7116: 7111: 7106: 7101: 7096: 7091: 7086: 7080: 7078: 7071: 7065: 7064: 7062: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7042: 7037: 7032: 7026: 7024: 7017: 7005: 7004: 7001: 7000: 6998: 6997: 6991: 6989: 6985: 6984: 6982: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6966: 6960: 6958: 6954: 6953: 6951: 6950: 6945: 6943:South Africans 6940: 6935: 6929: 6927: 6923: 6922: 6920: 6919: 6914: 6909: 6903: 6901: 6897: 6896: 6894: 6893: 6888: 6882: 6880: 6876: 6875: 6873: 6872: 6870:South Sudanese 6867: 6862: 6856: 6854: 6847: 6835: 6834: 6827: 6826: 6819: 6812: 6804: 6798: 6797: 6791: 6785: 6780: 6766: 6765:External links 6763: 6762: 6761: 6754: 6747: 6740: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6725: 6714: 6701: 6684: 6680: 6647: 6642:Shain, Yossi, 6640: 6608: 6598: 6591: 6584: 6577: 6570: 6561: 6554: 6548: 6535: 6524:Galil, Gershon 6521: 6515: 6502: 6493: 6478: 6472: 6456: 6450: 6437: 6430: 6376: 6369: 6362: 6354: 6352: 6349: 6346: 6345: 6319: 6301: 6275: 6226: 6200: 6189:. 30 June 2009 6174: 6138: 6120: 6102: 6075: 6048: 6027: 5986: 5979: 5960: 5938: 5920: 5894: 5851: 5834: 5805: 5786:(2): 111–129. 5770: 5756: 5736: 5707: 5687: 5666: 5645: 5623: 5590: 5583: 5563: 5556: 5536: 5529: 5509: 5495: 5475: 5468: 5435: 5428: 5408: 5380: 5373: 5353: 5330: 5308: 5286: 5260: 5235: 5208: 5161: 5134: 5123:. The Guardian 5107: 5071: 5038: 5012: 4986: 4960: 4934: 4904: 4869: 4843: 4816: 4803: 4788: 4773: 4766: 4748: 4727:10.1086/449779 4702: 4690: 4684:(in Spanish). 4664: 4655: 4648: 4630: 4595: 4578: 4565: 4547: 4521: 4495: 4488: 4468: 4442: 4435: 4412: 4395: 4380: 4329: 4310: 4292: 4274: 4248: 4222: 4199: 4184: 4169: 4149: 4142: 4124: 4099: 4079: 4067: 4044: 4033:on 23 May 2013 4017: 3991: 3965: 3953: 3941: 3929: 3917: 3910: 3881: 3869: 3857: 3845: 3830: 3818: 3806: 3781: 3763:"diaspora, n." 3754: 3745:Calvin, John. 3726: 3709: 3700: 3682: 3673: 3664: 3653: 3641: 3639:, p. 126. 3629: 3627:, p. 143. 3617: 3605: 3587: 3575: 3563: 3551: 3539: 3506: 3490: 3465: 3446: 3427:(1): 157–158. 3411: 3392: 3368: 3342: 3328: 3302: 3277: 3270: 3248: 3241: 3221: 3207: 3178: 3163: 3140: 3110: 3103: 3085: 3078: 3060: 3034: 3009: 2983: 2958: 2951: 2937:Carol R. Ember 2924: 2897: 2861: 2834: 2833: 2830: 2829: 2811: 2810: 2808: 2805: 2803: 2800: 2798: 2797: 2792: 2787: 2786: 2785: 2775: 2770: 2769: 2768: 2758: 2757: 2756: 2755: 2754: 2739: 2738: 2737: 2736: 2735: 2734: 2733: 2713: 2708: 2703: 2701:Trail of Tears 2698: 2693: 2688: 2686:State collapse 2683: 2678: 2677: 2676: 2666: 2661: 2656: 2651: 2646: 2641: 2636: 2631: 2630: 2629: 2628: 2627: 2622: 2621: 2620: 2608: 2607: 2606: 2605: 2604: 2603: 2602: 2580:Jewish history 2577: 2572: 2567: 2562: 2561: 2560: 2558:Greek genocide 2555: 2550: 2545: 2535: 2530: 2525: 2520: 2515: 2510: 2504: 2502: 2499: 2495:Hmong American 2491:Clint Eastwood 2481: 2478: 2462: 2459: 2420:Main article: 2417: 2414: 2403:Following the 2371: 2368: 2365: 2364: 2344: 2342: 2331: 2328: 2327: 2326: 2322: 2303: 2296: 2285: 2274: 2267: 2256: 2241: 2228:The 1990–1994 2226: 2216: 2209: 2191: 2180: 2177:Tamil diaspora 2135: 2116:Tibetan people 2108: 2077:Southeast Asia 2048: 2045: 1997:1947 Partition 1828:ethnic Germans 1819:, Hungary and 1817:Czechoslovakia 1757: 1754: 1744: 1741: 1693:southern Italy 1618:(particularly 1598:Western Canada 1538: 1535: 1511:Southern Italy 1437:were dispersed 1416:Irish diaspora 1335:), as well as 1234:Greek diaspora 1226:southwest Asia 1185:southern Italy 1143: 1140: 1134:, who led the 1086:mainland China 1048:Roman conquest 962:Omani diaspora 900:Asian diaspora 898:Main article: 884:, present-day 850: 847: 766: 763: 758:Harris Mylonas 641:William Safran 609: 606: 581:, to whom St. 538: 535: 494: 493: 467: 466: 367:following the 298: 295: 279:United Nations 238:following the 184:Irish diaspora 156:Greek genocide 154:and the later 142:following the 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8088: 8077: 8074: 8072: 8069: 8068: 8066: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8043: 8042: 8040: 8036: 8030: 8027: 8026: 8024: 8020: 8010: 8007: 8005: 8002: 8001: 7999: 7997:North America 7995: 7989: 7986: 7984: 7981: 7979: 7976: 7974: 7971: 7969: 7966: 7964: 7961: 7959: 7956: 7954: 7951: 7949: 7946: 7944: 7941: 7940: 7938: 7936: 7935:Latin America 7932: 7926: 7923: 7922: 7920: 7916: 7913: 7910: 7903: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7888: 7886: 7884: 7880: 7870: 7869:Luxembourgers 7867: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7857: 7852: 7848: 7847: 7846: 7843: 7841: 7838: 7833: 7829: 7826: 7822: 7821: 7820: 7817: 7816: 7814: 7810: 7802: 7799: 7797: 7794: 7792: 7789: 7787: 7784: 7782: 7779: 7778: 7777: 7774: 7772: 7769: 7767: 7764: 7762: 7759: 7758: 7756: 7752: 7743: 7739: 7738: 7737: 7734: 7732: 7729: 7724: 7720: 7719: 7718: 7715: 7713: 7710: 7708: 7705: 7700: 7696: 7693: 7689: 7688: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7664: 7660: 7659: 7658: 7655: 7654: 7652: 7648: 7642: 7639: 7637: 7634: 7632: 7629: 7627: 7624: 7622: 7619: 7617: 7614: 7612: 7609: 7607: 7604: 7603: 7601: 7597: 7591: 7588: 7586: 7583: 7581: 7578: 7576: 7573: 7572: 7570: 7566: 7560: 7557: 7555: 7552: 7550: 7547: 7545: 7542: 7540: 7537: 7535: 7532: 7527: 7526:Volksdeutsche 7523: 7522: 7521: 7518: 7516: 7513: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7502: 7500: 7496: 7490: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7467: 7466: 7464: 7460: 7454: 7451: 7449: 7446: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7425: 7423: 7420: 7416: 7413: 7410: 7405: 7401: 7391: 7388: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7377: 7374: 7372: 7369: 7367: 7364: 7362: 7359: 7357: 7354: 7350: 7347: 7345: 7342: 7340: 7337: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7321: 7320: 7317: 7316: 7314: 7310: 7304: 7301: 7299: 7296: 7294: 7291: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7272: 7269: 7267: 7264: 7262: 7259: 7257: 7254: 7253: 7252: 7249: 7247: 7244: 7242: 7239: 7238: 7236: 7232: 7220: 7217: 7213: 7210: 7209: 7208: 7205: 7201: 7198: 7197: 7196: 7193: 7192: 7191: 7190:South Indians 7188: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7158: 7156: 7153: 7151: 7148: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7138: 7136: 7135:Bengali Hindu 7133: 7131: 7128: 7127: 7125: 7121: 7115: 7112: 7110: 7107: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7097: 7095: 7092: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7081: 7079: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7066: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: / 7046: 7043: 7041: 7038: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7028: 7027: 7025: 7021: 7018: 7015: 7010: 7006: 6996: 6993: 6992: 6990: 6986: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6970: 6967: 6965: 6964:Cape Verdeans 6962: 6961: 6959: 6955: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6930: 6928: 6924: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6910: 6908: 6905: 6904: 6902: 6898: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6883: 6881: 6877: 6871: 6868: 6866: 6863: 6861: 6858: 6857: 6855: 6851: 6848: 6845: 6840: 6836: 6832: 6825: 6820: 6818: 6813: 6811: 6806: 6805: 6802: 6795: 6792: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6775: 6772: 6769: 6768: 6759: 6755: 6752: 6748: 6745: 6741: 6738: 6734: 6733: 6723: 6719: 6715: 6704: 6702:9789089642387 6698: 6694: 6690: 6685: 6681: 6677: 6673: 6669: 6665: 6661: 6657: 6653: 6648: 6645: 6641: 6637: 6633: 6629: 6625: 6621: 6617: 6613: 6609: 6607: 6603: 6599: 6596: 6592: 6589: 6585: 6582: 6578: 6575: 6571: 6567: 6562: 6559: 6555: 6551: 6549:9780865439801 6545: 6541: 6536: 6534:, Brill, 2000 6533: 6529: 6525: 6522: 6518: 6516:9789004326910 6512: 6508: 6503: 6499: 6494: 6491: 6487: 6483: 6479: 6475: 6473:9780415435505 6469: 6465: 6461: 6457: 6453: 6451:9780670854394 6447: 6443: 6438: 6435: 6431: 6416: 6412: 6408: 6404: 6400: 6396: 6392: 6385: 6381: 6377: 6374: 6370: 6367: 6363: 6360: 6356: 6355: 6334: 6330: 6323: 6315: 6311: 6305: 6290: 6286: 6279: 6260: 6256: 6252: 6249:(2): 201–20. 6248: 6244: 6237: 6230: 6214: 6210: 6204: 6188: 6184: 6178: 6162: 6158: 6157: 6152: 6145: 6143: 6135:. 7 May 2022. 6134: 6130: 6124: 6116: 6112: 6106: 6090: 6086: 6079: 6063: 6059: 6052: 6044: 6043: 6038: 6031: 6024: 6008: 6004: 5997: 5990: 5982: 5980:9781845456580 5976: 5972: 5971: 5964: 5956: 5952: 5948: 5942: 5935:. Scholastic. 5934: 5930: 5924: 5908: 5904: 5898: 5891: 5890:North Vietnam 5887: 5886:South Vietnam 5881: 5873: 5869: 5868: 5862: 5861:"boat people" 5855: 5848: 5837: 5835:9780521527507 5831: 5827: 5826: 5821: 5817: 5809: 5801: 5797: 5793: 5789: 5785: 5781: 5774: 5759: 5757:9781134378258 5753: 5749: 5748: 5740: 5732: 5726: 5718: 5714: 5710: 5708:9781487588069 5704: 5700: 5699: 5691: 5683: 5682: 5677: 5670: 5655: 5649: 5634:(in Croatian) 5633: 5627: 5608: 5601: 5594: 5586: 5584:9780044451945 5580: 5576: 5575: 5567: 5559: 5553: 5549: 5548: 5540: 5532: 5530:9781137308771 5526: 5522: 5521: 5513: 5498: 5496:9780822392361 5492: 5488: 5487: 5479: 5471: 5469:9781107005037 5465: 5461: 5457: 5453: 5449: 5445: 5439: 5431: 5429:9783030783860 5425: 5421: 5420: 5412: 5397: 5396: 5391: 5384: 5376: 5374:9781841624457 5370: 5366: 5365: 5357: 5342:. Treccani.it 5341: 5334: 5318: 5312: 5296: 5290: 5274: 5270: 5264: 5248: 5242: 5240: 5223: 5217: 5215: 5213: 5193: 5186: 5180: 5178: 5176: 5174: 5172: 5170: 5168: 5166: 5149: 5147: 5138: 5122: 5120: 5111: 5095: 5090: 5086: 5082: 5075: 5066: 5061: 5057: 5053: 5049: 5042: 5027: 5023: 5016: 5000: 4996: 4990: 4975: 4971: 4964: 4949: 4945: 4938: 4931: 4920: 4916: 4908: 4892: 4888: 4884: 4880: 4873: 4858: 4854: 4847: 4839: 4835: 4831: 4827: 4820: 4813: 4807: 4799: 4792: 4784: 4777: 4769: 4767:9788815005748 4763: 4759: 4752: 4744: 4740: 4736: 4732: 4728: 4724: 4720: 4716: 4709: 4707: 4697: 4695: 4687: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4668: 4659: 4651: 4649:9780195364811 4645: 4641: 4634: 4626: 4622: 4618: 4614: 4610: 4606: 4599: 4592: 4588: 4582: 4575: 4569: 4561: 4557: 4551: 4535: 4531: 4525: 4510: 4506: 4499: 4491: 4489:9780742517561 4485: 4481: 4480: 4472: 4457: 4453: 4446: 4438: 4436:9780062339447 4432: 4428: 4427: 4422: 4421:Schama, Simon 4416: 4409: 4405: 4399: 4392: 4389: 4384: 4376: 4372: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4352: 4348: 4344: 4340: 4333: 4326: 4321: 4314: 4306: 4302: 4296: 4288: 4284: 4278: 4262: 4258: 4252: 4237: 4233: 4226: 4210: 4203: 4195: 4188: 4180: 4176: 4172: 4166: 4162: 4161: 4153: 4145: 4143:9780865439801 4139: 4135: 4128: 4113: 4109: 4103: 4092: 4091: 4083: 4076: 4075:Tölölyan 1996 4071: 4063: 4059: 4055: 4048: 4032: 4028: 4021: 4006: 4002: 3995: 3980: 3979:Daily Finance 3976: 3969: 3962: 3961:Brubaker 2005 3957: 3951:, p. 14. 3950: 3949:Brubaker 2005 3945: 3938: 3937:Brubaker 2005 3933: 3926: 3925:Brubaker 2005 3921: 3913: 3911:9781134077953 3907: 3903: 3899: 3895: 3891: 3885: 3878: 3873: 3866: 3861: 3854: 3849: 3843:, p. 75. 3842: 3837: 3835: 3827: 3826:Brubaker 2005 3822: 3815: 3810: 3795: 3791: 3785: 3769: 3768: 3764: 3758: 3751:. p. 25. 3750: 3749: 3740:. p. 13. 3739: 3738: 3734:Owen, James. 3730: 3722: 3721: 3713: 3704: 3696: 3692: 3686: 3680:p. 1, Barclay 3677: 3668: 3662: 3657: 3650: 3649:Tölölyan 1996 3645: 3638: 3633: 3626: 3621: 3615:, p. 29. 3614: 3609: 3601: 3597: 3591: 3584: 3579: 3572: 3567: 3561:, p. 10. 3560: 3559:Tölölyan 1996 3555: 3548: 3543: 3537: 3533: 3532: 3527: 3526:Scott, Robert 3523: 3519: 3510: 3503: 3499: 3494: 3479: 3475: 3469: 3461: 3457: 3450: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3426: 3422: 3415: 3407: 3406:Dissertations 3403: 3396: 3388: 3384: 3383: 3378: 3372: 3356: 3352: 3346: 3331: 3329:9781858286358 3325: 3321: 3316: 3315: 3306: 3291: 3287: 3281: 3273: 3271:9780520933163 3267: 3262: 3261: 3252: 3244: 3238: 3234: 3233: 3225: 3217: 3211: 3195: 3194: 3189: 3182: 3174: 3170: 3166: 3164:9780203846964 3160: 3156: 3155: 3150: 3144: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3114: 3106: 3104:9781785334993 3100: 3096: 3089: 3081: 3075: 3072:. Routledge. 3071: 3064: 3049:. 6 July 2023 3048: 3044: 3038: 3023: 3019: 3013: 2998: 2994: 2987: 2972: 2968: 2962: 2954: 2952:9780306483219 2948: 2944: 2943: 2938: 2934: 2928: 2913: 2912: 2907: 2901: 2894: 2878: 2871: 2865: 2849: 2845: 2839: 2835: 2826: 2822: 2816: 2812: 2796: 2793: 2791: 2788: 2784: 2781: 2780: 2779: 2776: 2774: 2771: 2767: 2764: 2763: 2762: 2759: 2753: 2750: 2749: 2748: 2745: 2744: 2743: 2740: 2732: 2729: 2728: 2727: 2724: 2723: 2722: 2719: 2718: 2717: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2704: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2691:Statelessness 2689: 2687: 2684: 2682: 2679: 2675: 2672: 2671: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2662: 2660: 2657: 2655: 2652: 2650: 2647: 2645: 2642: 2640: 2637: 2635: 2632: 2626: 2623: 2619: 2616: 2615: 2614: 2613: 2612: 2609: 2601: 2600:The Holocaust 2598: 2597: 2596: 2593: 2592: 2591: 2588: 2587: 2586: 2583: 2582: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2573: 2571: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2559: 2556: 2554: 2551: 2549: 2546: 2544: 2541: 2540: 2539: 2536: 2534: 2531: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2521: 2519: 2516: 2514: 2511: 2509: 2506: 2505: 2498: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2487: 2477: 2474: 2469: 2458: 2455: 2454: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2423: 2413: 2410: 2406: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2386: 2381: 2377: 2361: 2352: 2348: 2345:This section 2343: 2340: 2336: 2335: 2323: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2301: 2297: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2283: 2282:military rule 2279: 2276:Thousands of 2275: 2272: 2268: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2245:Latin America 2242: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2224: 2220: 2217: 2214: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2157: 2153: 2150:community in 2149: 2145: 2140: 2136: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2095:regime under 2094: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2073: 2072: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2044: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2009: 2007: 2002: 1998: 1993: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1979: 1974: 1972: 1967: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1943: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1891:territory of 1890: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1859:was the post- 1858: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1822: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1805: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1753: 1751: 1740: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1654: 1650: 1648: 1644: 1643: 1638: 1634: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1599: 1594: 1590: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1575: 1573: 1569: 1563: 1556: 1552: 1551:auto industry 1548: 1544: 1534: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1515:rural society 1512: 1508: 1507:sharecropping 1505: 1504: 1499: 1498:Fascist Italy 1495: 1491: 1487: 1482: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1461: 1458:of the XXXIV 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1443: 1438: 1434: 1429: 1427: 1422: 1417: 1412: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1389: 1385: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1363: 1357: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1301:Slavic tribes 1299:and numerous 1298: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1237: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1194: 1190: 1189:Magna Graecia 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1173:Mediterranean 1170: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1157:ancient times 1154: 1149: 1139: 1137: 1133: 1127: 1124: 1123:British Isles 1120: 1116: 1112: 1107: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1032: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1011: 1007: 1003: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 951: 947: 943: 939: 935: 931: 927: 923: 919: 915: 911: 910:Arab diaspora 907: 901: 887: 883: 879: 878:Bukharan Jews 875: 868: 864: 860: 855: 846: 844: 840: 836: 835:African Union 831: 829: 825: 821: 820:Kaleb of Axum 817: 813: 809: 804: 802: 798: 794: 790: 785: 782: 778: 772: 762: 759: 755: 751: 746: 744: 739: 734: 730: 724: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 701: 694: 693:New York City 690: 686: 681: 676: 674: 669: 666: 661: 657: 653: 651: 646: 642: 635: 631: 628:) gateway at 627: 623: 619: 614: 605: 603: 599: 594: 592: 586: 584: 580: 574: 571: 570: 563: 561: 554: 552: 548: 544: 534: 532: 528: 523: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 499: 490: 488: 475: 472: 471: 470: 463: 452: 449: 448: 447: 445: 440: 438: 434: 433:Magna Graecia 430: 426: 422: 418: 412: 410: 403: 395: 393: 389: 385: 381: 374: 370: 366: 362: 358: 354: 351: 339: 327: 315: 304: 303:Ancient Greek 294: 292: 288: 284: 280: 275: 273: 269: 268:United States 265: 261: 257: 253: 249: 245: 241: 237: 233: 229: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 197: 193: 189: 185: 181: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 157: 153: 149: 145: 141: 137: 133: 128: 126: 122: 118: 117: 107: 74: 66: 62: 57: 50: 46: 40: 33: 19: 7474:Azerbaijanis 7293:Singaporeans 7089:Bangladeshis 6860:Cameroonians 6830: 6757: 6750: 6736: 6717: 6706:. Retrieved 6692: 6659: 6655: 6651: 6643: 6622:(1): 83–99. 6619: 6615: 6601: 6587: 6580: 6573: 6565: 6557: 6539: 6531: 6506: 6497: 6489: 6463: 6460:Cohen, Robin 6441: 6433: 6422:. Retrieved 6415:the original 6394: 6390: 6372: 6365: 6358: 6338:30 September 6336:. Retrieved 6332: 6322: 6313: 6304: 6294:30 September 6292:. Retrieved 6289:Tech in Asia 6288: 6278: 6268:30 September 6266:. Retrieved 6259:the original 6246: 6242: 6229: 6217:. Retrieved 6212: 6203: 6193:24 September 6191:. Retrieved 6186: 6177: 6167:24 September 6165:. Retrieved 6161:the original 6156:El Universal 6154: 6132: 6123: 6114: 6105: 6093:. Retrieved 6091:(in Persian) 6088: 6078: 6068:15 September 6066:. Retrieved 6062:the original 6051: 6040: 6030: 6021: 6014:. Retrieved 6002: 5989: 5969: 5963: 5955:the original 5950: 5941: 5932: 5923: 5911:. Retrieved 5906: 5897: 5865: 5854: 5846: 5839:. Retrieved 5824: 5820:Kiernan, Ben 5808: 5783: 5779: 5773: 5761:. Retrieved 5746: 5739: 5697: 5690: 5679: 5669: 5657:. Retrieved 5654:"Popis 2002" 5648: 5636:. Retrieved 5626: 5614:. Retrieved 5607:the original 5593: 5573: 5566: 5546: 5539: 5519: 5512: 5500:. Retrieved 5485: 5478: 5451: 5438: 5418: 5411: 5399:. Retrieved 5393: 5383: 5363: 5356: 5344:. Retrieved 5333: 5321:. Retrieved 5311: 5299:. Retrieved 5289: 5277:. Retrieved 5273:the original 5263: 5251:. Retrieved 5226:. Retrieved 5224:(in Italian) 5199:. Retrieved 5192:the original 5152:. Retrieved 5145: 5137: 5125:. Retrieved 5118: 5110: 5098:. Retrieved 5084: 5074: 5055: 5051: 5041: 5029:. Retrieved 5025: 5015: 5003:. Retrieved 4998: 4989: 4977:. Retrieved 4973: 4963: 4951:. Retrieved 4947: 4937: 4929: 4924:30 September 4922:. Retrieved 4918: 4907: 4897:30 September 4895:. Retrieved 4891:the original 4882: 4872: 4862:30 September 4860:. Retrieved 4856: 4846: 4829: 4825: 4819: 4811: 4806: 4797: 4791: 4782: 4776: 4757: 4751: 4721:(1): 55–72. 4718: 4714: 4685: 4681: 4667: 4658: 4639: 4633: 4625:the original 4615:(5): 12–18. 4612: 4608: 4598: 4590: 4586: 4581: 4573: 4568: 4560:the original 4550: 4538:. Retrieved 4534:the original 4524: 4512:. Retrieved 4508: 4498: 4478: 4471: 4459:. Retrieved 4455: 4445: 4425: 4415: 4398: 4383: 4346: 4342: 4332: 4325:into Europe. 4323: 4319: 4313: 4304: 4295: 4286: 4277: 4265:. Retrieved 4260: 4251: 4239:. Retrieved 4235: 4225: 4213:. Retrieved 4202: 4193: 4187: 4159: 4152: 4133: 4127: 4117:13 September 4115:. Retrieved 4111: 4102: 4089: 4082: 4070: 4061: 4057: 4047: 4035:. Retrieved 4031:the original 4020: 4008:. Retrieved 4004: 3994: 3982:. Retrieved 3978: 3968: 3963:, p. 2. 3956: 3944: 3939:, p. 3. 3932: 3920: 3893: 3890:Cohen, Robin 3884: 3872: 3867:, p. 4. 3860: 3855:, p. 6. 3848: 3828:, p. 5. 3821: 3809: 3799:30 September 3797:. Retrieved 3793: 3784: 3772:. Retrieved 3765: 3757: 3747: 3736: 3729: 3719: 3712: 3703: 3694: 3685: 3676: 3667: 3656: 3651:, p. 9. 3644: 3632: 3620: 3608: 3599: 3590: 3578: 3573:, p. 2. 3566: 3554: 3542: 3529: 3509: 3501: 3493: 3481:. Retrieved 3477: 3468: 3459: 3449: 3424: 3420: 3414: 3405: 3395: 3381: 3371: 3359:. Retrieved 3354: 3345: 3333:. Retrieved 3313: 3305: 3293:. Retrieved 3289: 3280: 3259: 3251: 3231: 3224: 3210: 3198:. Retrieved 3196:(in Turkish) 3191: 3181: 3153: 3143: 3131:. Retrieved 3122: 3113: 3094: 3088: 3069: 3063: 3051:. Retrieved 3046: 3037: 3025:. Retrieved 3021: 3012: 3000:. Retrieved 2996: 2986: 2974:. Retrieved 2970: 2961: 2941: 2933:Melvin Ember 2927: 2915:. Retrieved 2909: 2900: 2891: 2884:. Retrieved 2864: 2852:. Retrieved 2847: 2838: 2820: 2815: 2711:Yom HaAliyah 2681:Rural exodus 2585:Antisemitism 2484: 2483: 2464: 2453:El Universal 2451: 2447: 2425: 2402: 2355: 2351:adding to it 2346: 2088: 2069:Soviet Union 2065:Central Asia 2050: 2010: 1994: 1990:Palestinians 1975: 1968: 1941: 1929:World War II 1921:South Africa 1901:Julian March 1861:World War II 1854: 1809:Soviet Union 1806: 1798:Iron Curtain 1788:, and other 1776:, including 1772:; they also 1768:authorities 1762:World War II 1759: 1746: 1670: 1656:View of the 1640: 1628:cod collapse 1609: 1576: 1564: 1540: 1531:World War II 1501: 1483: 1476:Ulster Scots 1465: 1430: 1426:Irish Famine 1421:an Gorta Mór 1413: 1388:James Axtell 1381: 1358: 1238: 1208: 1151: 1128: 1108: 1098: 1076: 1033: 1013: 946:Khmer people 832: 826:(modern-day 810:(modern-day 805: 786: 774: 747: 725: 719: 715: 697: 678: 675:as follows: 672: 670: 659: 654: 639: 595: 590: 588: 582: 578: 576: 567: 565: 559: 556: 540: 530: 522:Roman Empire 497: 495: 468: 446:, first in: 441: 425:Simon Dubnow 420: 416: 414: 408: 401: 397: 391: 387: 383: 377: 369:Great Famine 360: 300: 281:report, the 276: 274:and Turkey. 188:Great Famine 170:) after the 164:Anglo-Saxons 129: 72: 70: 7988:Venezuelans 7978:Nicaraguans 7958:Ecuadorians 7891:Australians 7712:Macedonians 7631:Lithuanians 7575:Belarusians 7479:Circassians 7421:and Ireland 7366:Azerbaijani 7339:Palestinian 7266:Minangkabau 7251:Indonesians 7200:In the Gulf 7114:Sri Lankans 6988:Pan-African 6948:Zimbabweans 6662:(1): 3–36. 6444:. Penguin. 6424:22 February 6397:(1): 1–19. 6219:21 December 6089:Entekhab.ir 5913:26 November 5701:. Toronto. 5502:30 December 5085:Just Labour 4883:TEDxLansing 4461:30 November 4215:13 December 4010:23 February 3984:23 February 3877:Safran 1991 3841:Weinar 2010 3814:Safran 1991 3774:22 February 3637:Dubnow 1931 3625:Dufoix 2017 3613:Dufoix 2017 3583:Dufoix 2017 3483:11 November 3361:23 November 3295:9 September 3290:Historic UK 3149:Jones, Adam 3027:21 February 3002:21 February 2976:21 February 2967:"Diasporas" 2917:22 February 2486:Gran Torino 2436:Venezuelans 2428:Hugo Chávez 2396:during the 2370:Middle East 2293:Nicaraguans 2105:boat people 2101:Cham people 2093:Khmer Rouge 2085:Vietnam War 2061:Middle East 2006:British Raj 1962:and 19,636 1960:in Slovenia 1903:as well as 1766:Nazi German 1750:colonialism 1637:Kate Beaton 1610:In Canada, 1605: 1910 1555:blue-collar 1523:Unification 1353:Scandinavia 1269:Burgundians 1181:city-states 1029:Middle Ages 893: 1910 750:colonialism 700:New Orleans 691:dancers in 650:Robin Cohen 598:expatriates 518:Roman Judea 514:Babylonians 451:Deuteronomy 254:due to the 246:due to the 230:due to the 220:Circassians 8065:Categories 7983:Uruguayans 7948:Colombians 7943:Brazilians 7771:Portuguese 7681:Bulgarians 7671:Aromanians 7636:Norwegians 7621:Icelanders 7590:Ukrainians 7539:Kashubians 7534:Hungarians 7303:Vietnamese 7288:Malaysians 7109:Pakistanis 7099:Maldivians 7049:Mongolians 6886:Ethiopians 6744:"Diaspora" 6708:12 January 6600:Oonk, G., 6213:El Impulso 5882:required.) 5717:1090240955 5557:0691086974 5346:28 January 5323:24 January 5301:16 October 5253:8 February 5228:8 February 5201:8 February 5154:4 December 5127:4 December 5100:4 December 4832:(5): 386. 4609:Humanities 4572:Jesch, J. 4170:8125004858 4037:5 November 3865:Cohen 2008 3853:Cohen 2008 3790:"diaspora" 3571:Kenny 2013 3335:8 December 2993:"Diaspora" 2906:"Diaspora" 2886:8 February 2854:18 January 2802:References 2644:Exodusters 2618:The Exodus 2497:diaspora. 2390:Aegean Sea 2374:See also: 2264:Dominicans 2132:Green Book 2037:Amur River 1982:Arab world 1964:in Croatia 1956:Yugoslavia 1907:, towards 1832:pan-German 1821:Yugoslavia 1782:Ukrainians 1583:population 1568:Sichuanese 1433:Circassian 1345:migrations 1249:Ostrogoths 1169:Asia Minor 1104:Pakistanis 1056:Ashkenazim 904:See also: 886:Uzbekistan 865:lights in 716:population 704:Gulf Coast 537:Definition 444:Septuagint 380:Thucydides 186:after the 121:population 8071:Diasporas 8009:Canadians 8004:Americans 7968:Hondurans 7925:Jamaicans 7918:Caribbean 7864:Corsicans 7851:Quebecois 7801:Galicians 7791:Canarians 7781:Asturians 7776:Spaniards 7723:Moldovans 7717:Romanians 7657:Albanians 7611:Estonians 7505:Austrians 7489:Georgians 7469:Armenians 7271:Moluccans 7246:Filipinos 7234:Southeast 7195:Malayalis 7123:Ethnicity 7054:Taiwanese 6979:Nigerians 6969:Ghanaians 6938:Malawians 6917:Moroccans 6912:Egyptians 6907:Algerians 6865:Congolese 6831:Diasporas 6676:145562896 6636:143442531 6484:. 2019. 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