20:
348:
developed from the dithyramb; the two forms developed alongside one another for some time. The clearest sense of dithyramb as proto-tragedy comes from a surviving dithyramb by
Bacchylides, though it was composed after tragedy had already developed fully. Bacchylides' dithyramb is a dialogue between a
146:
Socrates went to the dithyrambs with some of their own most elaborate passages, asking their meaning but got a response of, "Will you believe me?" which "showed me in an instant that not by wisdom do poets write poetry, but by a sort of genius and inspiration; they are like diviners or soothsayers
965:, Kommentar zu Nietzsches Der Antichrist. Ecce homo. Dionysos-Dithyramben. Nietzsche contra Wagner (= Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften (Hg.): Historischer und kritischer Kommentar zu Friedrich Nietzsches Werken, vol. 6/2), Berlin / Boston: Walter de Gruyter 2013
275:, who flourished in the first half of the seventh century BCE: "I know how to lead the fair song of the Lord Dionysus, the dithyramb, when my wits are fused with wine." As a literary composition for chorus, their inspiration is unknown, although it was likely Greek, as
770:
which even now continue as a custom in many of our cities), grew little by little, as developed whatever of it had appeared; and, passing through many changes, tragedy came to a halt, since it had attained its own nature"; see Janko (1987,
1044:
541:
composed several dithyrambs, including a set of three for solo piano as his Opus 10. Additionally, the final movement of his first violin sonata carries the title, and the last of his
499:
1288:
766:(1449a10–15): "Anyway, arising from an improvisatory beginning (both tragedy and comedy—tragedy from the leaders of the dithyramb, and comedy from the leaders of the
356:
In the later 5th century BCE, the dithyramb "became a favorite vehicle for the musical experiments of the poets of the 'new music'." This movement included the poets
494:
436:
712:
465:
801, published as Op. 60 No. 2 in 1826). Schubert's earlier attempt at setting the same poem for a more extended vocal ensemble had remained unfinished (
264:
would receive a statue that would be erected—at his expense—as a public monument to commemorate the victory. However, most of the poets remain unknown.
1360:
1271:
1334:
932:
1355:
318:, but H. S. Versnel rejects this etymology and suggests instead a derivation from a cultic exclamation. Dithyrambs were composed by the poets
1302:
1122:
602:
The
Swedish composer, Ture Rangström, 1884–1947, wrote an early symphonic poem, “Dithyramb” in 1909, revised in 1948 by Kurt Atterberg.
516:
131:, while discussing various kinds of music mentions "the birth of Dionysos, called, I think, the dithyramb." Plato also remarks in the
1369:
1328:
661:
1342:
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has no known origin, but is frequently assumed not to be derived from Greek. An old hypothesis is that the word is borrowed from
1251:
1232:
1166:
1140:
1101:
1082:
646:
489:(Op. 144 No. 2, 1864) were other composers setting Schiller's poem. Other composers basing vocal music on dithyrambs include
244:
Competitions between groups, singing and dancing dithyrambs were an important part of the festivals of
Dionysus, such as the
1347:
1297:
408:
1311:
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893:
848:
828:
1175:
268:
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Later examples were dedicated to other gods, but the dithyramb subsequently was developed (traditionally by
1407:
1320:
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925:
929:
462:
1397:
478:
1402:
396:
they appear more frequently, and from the 19th century several compositions were inspired by them.
1116:
376:
was in decline, although the dithyrambic competitions did not come to an end until well after the
196:
of up to fifty men or boys dancing in circular formation, who may or may not have been dressed as
1183:
258:. The names of the winning teams of dithyrambic contests in Athens were recorded. The successful
252:. Each tribe would enter two choirs, one of men and one of boys, each under the leadership of a
473:, often called the "Wanderer Fantasy", was referred to as "the splendid Wanderer-Dithyramb" by
87:
1376:
1357:
Violin Sonata No.1, Op.21 by
Nikolay Medtner (1909-10 — movements: Canzona, Danza, Ditirambo)
881:
784:
565:
369:
287:
as "the first of men we know to have composed the dithyramb and named it and produced it in
843:. Second edition revised by T. B. L. Webster, 1962. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.
823:. Second edition revised by T. B. L. Webster, 1962. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.
806:
427:
357:
154:
137:
that dithyrambs are the clearest example of poetry in which the poet is the only speaker.
8:
1040:
859:
762:
349:
solitary singer and a choir. It is suggestive of what tragedy may have resembled before
19:
1019:
962:
414:
303:
172:. A wildly enthusiastic speech or piece of writing is still occasionally described as
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Triumphus: An
Inquiry Into the Origin, Development and Meaning of the Roman Triumph
470:
389:
342:
189:
166:
133:
54:
23:
1275:
1094:
Image and Idea in Fifth
Century Greece: Art and Literature After the Persian Wars
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486:
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361:
142:
127:
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330:(the only one whose works have survived in anything like their original form).
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who also say many fine things, but do not understand the meaning of them."
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238:
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1244:
The Masks of
Menander: Sign and Meaning in Greek and Roman Performance
1023:
991:
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of
Dionysos as well as a song in his honour; see Harrison (1922, 436).
213:
The ancient Greeks laid out the criteria of the dithyramb as follows:
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306:, and literally means "Vierschritt", i. e., "four-step", compare
288:
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118:
1149:
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The
Republic | Edited by Robert Hutchins and Mortimer Adler
477:
in his letter to Professor Siegmund Lebert of December 2, 1868.
411:" (1697) is a notable example of an English language dithyramb.
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26:
1281:
466:
373:
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280:
221:
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185:
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122:
40:
31:
188:, but the literary fragments that have survived are largely
66:
110:
102:
1182:. Second edition revised by T.B.L. Webster, 1962. Oxford:
1037:
Werk- und Nachlassverzeichnis Othmar Schoeck (1886 – 1957)
206:. They would normally relate some incident in the life of
1045:"„Alles geben die Götter“ von Johann Wolfgang von Goethe"
948:
Christopher G. Brown, "Dithyramb," in N.G. Wilson (ed.),
888:. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill Publishers. pp. 16–38.
75:
69:
63:
641:(new ed.). Harlow, England: Longman. p. 229.
748:. Plutarch himself was a priest of Dionysos at Delphi.
447:
From the 19th century dithyrambs appear frequently in
1043:
at The LiederNet Archive, and: Marcel Reich-Ranicki.
1299:"Dithyrambe", Op. 60 No. 2 (D 801) by Franz Schubert
1065:
Armand D'Angour: "How the Dithyramb Got Its Shape."
1041:
Dithyrambe 'Alles geben die Götter, die unendlichen'
72:
60:
1130:
78:
57:
1344:3 Dithyrambs, Op.10 by Nikolay Medtner (1898-1906)
1220:
451:, as well in vocal as instrumental compositions.
1384:
1126:. Vol. 8 (11th ed.). pp. 323–324.
974:
584:and a scoring for string quartet and orchestra.
457:wrote a song for bass voice based on Schiller's
1091:
1227:. Chicago : University of Chicago Press.
672:seems to have arisen out of the hymn: just as
839:Pickard-Cambridge, Sir Arthur Wallace. 1927.
819:Pickard-Cambridge, Sir Arthur Wallace. 1927.
1039:. Zentralbibliothek Zürich. p. 29. See also
595:with music and objects by the Fluxus artist
267:The earliest mention of dithyramb, found by
1156:
873:
353:added a second actor instead of the choir.
1133:Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion
1370:International Music Score Library Project
1329:International Music Score Library Project
979:. Potsdam: Hans Heinrich Tillgner Verlag.
529:Instrumental dithyrambs were composed by
1219:Constantine Athanasius Trypanis (1981).
800:records the failed attempt to set it in
18:
879:
192:. In Athens, dithyrambs were sung by a
1385:
1366:, Op.40 by Nikolay Medtner (1919-1920)
1294:(Vol. 2) by Johann Friedrich Reichardt
664:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott,
210:or just celebrate wine and fertility.
39:and a female consort, with theatrical
35:player and his family standing before
1241:
1176:Pickard-Cambridge, Sir Arthur Wallace
1110:
1072:
989:
634:
485:volume 2, published around 1809) and
337:) into a literary form. According to
1268:Bacchylides, "The Theseus Dithyramb"
1211:Sourvinou-Inwood, Christiane. 2003.
1075:The Handbook Of Classical Literature
961:See the comprehensive commentary in
383:
269:Sir Arthur Wallace Pickard-Cambridge
153:contrasted the dithyramb's wild and
1223:Greek Poetry: From Homer to Seferis
587:In 1961 the American choreographer
471:Fantasie in C Major, Op. 15 (D.760)
13:
676:was both a hymn to and a title of
442:
184:Dithyrambs were sung by choirs at
165:, the dithyramb was the origin of
14:
1419:
1352:, Op. 74 by Hermann Ritter (1907)
1339:, Op. 4 by Robert Volkmann (1851)
1261:
1199:The Theatre of Dionysus in Athens
727:
710:
560:for violin and piano is entitled
1206:The Dramatic Festivals of Athens
868:Etymological Dictionary of Greek
638:Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
522:is based on an unnamed verse by
53:
1030:
992:"Schubert's 'Wanderer' Fantasy"
983:
968:
955:
942:
918:
909:
853:
833:
813:
591:created a dance piece entitled
117:; the term was also used as an
29:(4th century BCE) depicting an
1362:"Danza ditirambica", No. 6 in
1246:. Cambridge University Press.
1135:. Princeton University Press.
1050:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
950:Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece
790:
774:
751:
738:
721:
704:
691:
655:
628:
234:considerable narrative content
200:, probably accompanied by the
1:
1315:Dichtungen v. Fr. v. Schiller
1213:Tragedy and Athenian Religion
990:Brown, Maurice J. E. (1951).
821:Dithyramb, Tragedy and Comedy
580:, in 2000, with the subtitle
508:
431:in 1888/89. The poetry cycle
399:
372:. By the 4th century BCE the
1317:, Op. 144 by Wilhelm Taubert
1180:Dithyramb Tragedy and Comedy
1131:Jane Ellen Harrison (1922).
841:Dithyramb Tragedy and Comedy
105:sung and danced in honor of
7:
1292:Schillers lyrische Gedichte
605:
576:composed a 30-minute work,
483:Schillers lyrische Gedichte
10:
1424:
1117:"Dithyrambic Poetry"
1059:
870:, Brill, 2009, pp. 333–4).
572:is for oboe and clarinet.
479:Johann Friedrich Reichardt
179:
91:
975:Alfred Grünewald (1920).
781:Definition of dithyrambic
1379:at The LiederNet Archive
1308:(1845) by Giuseppe Verdi
1092:E. D. d Francis (1990).
635:Wells, John C. (2000) .
622:
16:Literary and music genre
1313:"Dithyrambe", No. 2 in
1270:– composed c. 500 BCE (
1184:Oxford University Press
1123:Encyclopædia Britannica
1073:Feder, Lillian (1998).
880:Versnel, H. S. (1970).
666:A Greek-English Lexicon
439:was published in 1920.
388:Dithyrambs are rare in
1364:Forgotten Melodies III
1337:Dithyrambe und Toccate
1161:. Hackett Publishing.
977:Dithyrambischer Herbst
433:Dithyrambischer Herbst
271:, is in a fragment of
239:antistrophic character
44:
1393:Ancient Greek theatre
1325:, Op. 39 by Max Bruch
1242:Wiles, David (2004).
1112:Gosse, Edmund William
785:TheFreeDictionary.com
566:Richard Edward Wilson
552:The last movement of
497:", No. 6 of his 1845
370:Philoxenus of Cythera
279:explicitly speaks of
22:
1274:3 March 2016 at the
1215:. Oxford: Oxford UP.
1157:Aristóteles (1987).
500:Album di Sei Romanze
469:, 1813). Schubert's
428:Dionysos-Dithyramben
380:takeover of Greece.
358:Timotheus of Miletus
1408:Ancient Greek music
1151:Classical Quarterly
1067:Classical Quarterly
768:phallic processions
746:On the Ei at Delphi
423:Friedrich Nietzsche
157:character with the
1069:47 (1997) 331–351.
963:Andreas Urs Sommer
935:2006-07-27 at the
915:Feder, (1998, 48).
425:composed a set of
415:Friedrich Schiller
45:
1398:Hymns to Dionysus
1253:978-0-521-54352-1
1234:978-0-226-81316-5
1168:978-0-87220-033-3
1142:978-0-691-01514-9
1103:978-0-415-01914-9
1084:978-0-306-80880-7
1077:. Da Capo Press.
1053:, 4 October 2013.
1002:(1306): 540–542.
996:The Musical Times
952:, Routledge, 2006
648:978-0-582-36467-7
547:Danza ditirambica
543:Vergessene Weisen
435:by Austrian poet
409:Alexander's Feast
394:German literature
384:Modern dithyrambs
225:accompaniment in
1415:
1368:: Scores at the
1327:: Scores at the
1290:"Dithyrambe" in
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862:has suggested a
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882:"I. 2 Θρίαμβος"
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860:R. S. P. Beekes
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796:Harvey (1955).
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554:Igor Stravinsky
539:Nikolai Medtner
531:Robert Volkmann
487:Wilhelm Taubert
449:classical music
445:
443:Music and dance
402:
392:literature. In
386:
182:
161:. According to
56:
52:
43:displayed above
17:
12:
11:
5:
1421:
1411:
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1395:
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1333:Instrumental:
1331:
1279:
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1262:External links
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558:Duo Concertant
535:Hermann Ritter
513:Othmar Schoeck
491:Giuseppe Verdi
455:Franz Schubert
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441:
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231:enriching text
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1096:. Routledge.
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30:
1306:Sei Romanze
802:Dorian mode
682:Dithyrambos
670:Dithyrambos
662:Dithurambos
475:Franz Liszt
405:John Dryden
324:Bacchylides
273:Archilochus
237:originally
174:dithyrambic
143:The Apology
96:dithyrambos
1387:Categories
1377:Dithyrambs
1350:Dithyrambe
1323:Dithyrambe
866:eymology (
744:Plutarch,
582:Dithyrambe
562:Dithyrambe
518:Dithyrambe
459:Dithyrambe
419:Dithyrambe
400:Literature
255:coryphaeus
92:διθύραμβος
1304:No. 6 of
1204:—. 1953.
1197:—. 1946.
1159:Poetics I
1016:0027-4666
901:2 January
864:Pre-Greek
804:, in his
798:Aristotle
758:Aristotle
617:Thriambus
593:Dithyramb
570:Dithyramb
507:(Op. 39,
505:Max Bruch
467:D 47
421:in 1796.
351:Aeschylus
339:Aristotle
320:Simonides
315:thriambus
304:Pelasgian
296:dithyramb
294:The word
277:Herodotus
163:Aristotle
115:fertility
98:) was an
49:dithyramb
1272:Archived
1186:, 1997.
1178:. 1927.
1114:(1911).
933:Archived
807:Politics
714:Republic
606:See also
578:Concerto
568:'s 1983
515:'s 1911
495:Brindisi
417:wrote a
362:Cinesias
343:Athenian
300:Phrygian
261:choregos
246:Dionysia
208:Dionysus
190:Athenian
167:Athenian
155:ecstatic
151:Plutarch
134:Republic
128:The Laws
107:Dionysus
37:Dionysos
1287:Vocal:
1060:Sources
930:UFL.edu
926:USU.edu
763:Poetics
728:Plato.
711:Plato.
697:Plato,
686:epithet
684:was an
511:1871).
503:), and
346:tragedy
289:Corinth
180:History
170:tragedy
119:epithet
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328:Pindar
285:Lesbos
250:Lenaia
198:Satyrs
27:relief
1282:IMSLP
1020:JSTOR
674:paean
623:Notes
378:Roman
374:genre
335:Arion
281:Arion
222:aulos
203:aulos
186:Delos
159:paean
125:, in
123:Plato
41:masks
32:aulos
24:Attic
1248:ISBN
1229:ISBN
1188:ISBN
1163:ISBN
1137:ISBN
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1079:ISBN
1012:ISSN
928:and
924:See
903:2015
890:ISBN
845:ISBN
825:ISBN
699:Laws
643:ISBN
533:and
481:(in
407:'s "
322:and
312:and
309:iamb
248:and
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111:wine
103:hymn
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