1773:
in some cases, be made with parental consent (e.g., the marriage of a child over age 16), and in other cases are proscribed or require a judicial consent (e.g., the marriage of a child under 13). A legal guardian (including a parent) may dispose of the property (including bank accounts) of the child, generally for the benefit of the child, including the provision of basic necessities. Wages which a child earns may be considered the child's property or may be required to be turned over to their parents to satisfy parental claims for costs associated with discharging parental responsibilities, depending on the laws of the relevant jurisdiction.
1647:; in some, such as the USA, a traditional father's control became a right to shared parental control and emancipation remained a remedy for mature minors, but in others, for example England, the idea of absolute control over minors has been repudiated; parent's responsibilities are emphasized and children's rights promoted. In these jurisdictions, the rights of minors to act on their own behalf are granted on a case-by-case basis if a minor can show the capacity and maturity to handle them, and juvenile emancipation from control is deemed unnecessary.
1769:
a child fails to conduct themselves according to rules which ensure their basic safety and the safety of those around them, a parent has recourse to petition a court to declare the child a "person in need of supervision", which essentially transfers guardianship to the state, who in turn subjects the child to supervision in the form of a group home or in foster care monitored by an officer of the court. This does not necessarily discharge parents from their duty of financial support.
1695:: A court may declare a minor to be emancipated when deciding a relevant case or following a petition of emancipation. Not all jurisdictions that support emancipation allow a direct petition to the courts; for example, in Canada only Quebec does. Even in those jurisdictions that do, the court may not allow a minor to file on their own behalf (as they are not yet emancipated), nor may they directly instruct a lawyer to act on their behalf. Instead they petition through an adult
168:
1705:: A minor may be considered emancipated for some purposes and not others. A grant of partial emancipation may, for example, be given to homeless youths to allow them to consent to state housing programs. Marriage, incarceration, living apart, pregnancy and parenthood may automatically confer some of the rights of emancipation, particularly health consent and privacy in US states unless the minor is younger than the absolute minimum age of emancipation in their state.
1058:
1047:
66:
25:
1756:), membership in the armed forces can also automatically emancipate a minor. In most states, other forms of emancipation require a court order, and some states set a minimum age at which emancipation can be granted. In general, an emancipated minor does not require parental consent to enter into contracts, get married, join the armed forces, receive medical treatment, apply for a passport, or obtain financing.
1683:: When the parent(s) or legal guardian agrees with the minor that the minor can leave home, become self-sustaining, and control their own wages and assets. Courts may review. For example, elements of coercion can void the emancipation, so if a child agrees to leave because their life has been made intolerable through fault, the court may decree the parents still owe a duty of support.
1765:
is not the biological or adoptive parent of the child, such as a stepchild or an informal adoption (not adopted by court order), the matter is more complex; various legal doctrines, as well as statutes in many states, may impose various support obligations on step-parents. Emancipation terminates these parental obligations and duties of support.
1817:
Based on federal and state laws, those whose mental disability is so severe that they are incapable of caring for themselves may not necessarily be considered or legally viewed as emancipated, even though they have attained the age of majority. That may or may not affect legal matters related to such
1794:
is available to minors seeking emancipation, through children law centers. This can be a valuable resource for minors in framing an emancipation petition. Students are able to stay with a guardian if necessary. In some states, an emancipation petition may be filed by a parent, for example in
Alabama.
1768:
While parents may have expectations of particular conduct or contributions from their children, parents may not condition the provision of basic necessities upon the child conducting or contributing. However, they may condition other privileges on particular conduct or contribution by the child. When
1764:
Parents have a number of legal duties while bringing up their biological or adopted child (e.g., a fiduciary duty to act in the best interest of the child). Failure to meet these requirements can result in the state taking civil and/or criminal action against the child's parent(s). When the "parent"
1776:
Upon emancipation, a minor will no longer be subject to claims by their parent/guardian for contribution out of their wages and will be granted full authority and legal ownership of their property and bank accounts. They would also gain the legal capacity to enter into binding contracts and have the
1601:
Even without a court proceeding, some jurisdictions will find a minor to be emancipated for purposes of making a decision in the absence of the minor's parents or guardians. For example, a child in most jurisdictions can enter into a binding contract to procure their own basic needs. However, when a
1772:
Children who have not reached the age of majority are generally not able to manage their property, enter into contracts (including enrollment contracts to university), or make certain life-altering decisions for themselves, such as the right to marry or to join the armed forces. Such decisions can,
1798:
Emancipation is not readily granted because of the subjectivity and narrowness of the "best interest" requirement. Some minors have been victims of abuse. In most cases, the state's department of child services will be notified of potential abuse and the child may be placed in foster care. Other
1671:
In other countries some aspects of emancipation are in force. The right to engage in civil acts as an adult are granted after marriage, as is the freedom of liability for the parent. In
Argentina, where there is no lower age limit on marriage, child marriage is sometimes used as a mechanism for
1650:
An emancipated minor does not simply acquire all rights of an adult; likewise, a child does not lack such rights merely because they are not emancipated. For example, in the US minors have some rights to consent to medical procedures without parental consent or emancipation, under the
1628:, assigning most people the status of personal property (chattel). In common law, emancipation is the freeing of someone from this control. It grants the emancipated the ability to legally engage in civil actions, and frees the former owner of liability.
1439:
1655:. In England a minor may still not own and administer land. Also in any jurisdiction statute law may limit action due to insufficient age, such as the purchase of alcohol or the right to drive on public roads, without regard to capacity.
1689:: When circumstances dictate that a child has become emancipated, even though no explicit agreement was made. Common reasons include marriage, military service, or other reasons given by statutory definition or through case law.
1789:
with the family court in the applicable jurisdiction, formally requesting emancipation and citing reasons it is in their best interest to be emancipated, and must show financial self-sufficiency. In some states, free
2223:
1663:
Common law countries that retain the idea of control and emancipation include Canada, South Africa, and the United States. Countries that have followed the route to gradual civic rights for adolescents include
1743:
In special circumstances, minors can be freed from control by their guardians (i.e. emancipated) before they reach the age of majority. In some states, marriage automatically emancipates a minor, but not in
1668:, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. In these countries emancipation is unavailable. Statutory provision for juvenile emancipation has spread outside of common law jurisdictions, for example in Brazil.
1736:, where it is 21. Depending on state laws, minors may be able to obtain medical treatment, marry, or exercise other rights (such as driving, voting, etc.) before reaching the age of majority, without
1803:, a minor cannot use the excuse of not obeying the parent's reasonable and proper orders or directions of parents, and that minor could become a ward of the court, instead of being emancipated.
770:
1434:
1708:
Although allowed for in common law, some of these methods could be almost impossible to use in practice in a particular jurisdiction, especially if it has no relevant statute or case law.
730:
1720:
or are otherwise legally emancipated, at which point they legally become adults. In most states, the age of majority is upon reaching 18 years of age. The exceptions are
2274:
1391:
1579:
and to handle their own affairs. Emancipation overrides that presumption and allows emancipated children to legally make certain decisions on their own behalf.
1571:
is freed from control by their parents or guardians, and the parents or guardians are freed from responsibility for their child. Minors are normally considered
1346:
740:
653:
608:
712:
1699:. Courts decide in the minor's best interest: between parental control, care through child services (including fostering or adoption), and emancipation.
664:
2174:"2019 Code of Alabama Title 26 - Infants and Incompetents. Chapter 1 - General Provisions. Section 26-1-1 - Age of majority designated as 19 years"
981:
1089:
986:
182:
1499:
303:
976:
327:
276:
780:
130:
2324:
1963:
1602:
child's needs are not provided by a parent, the child is often deemed a ward of the state and receives a court-appointed guardian.
102:
83:
38:
2249:
1639:
during the 19th and at the start of the 20th century. Later during the 20th century, common law jurisdictions split over both
109:
2119:
1356:
286:
1547:
946:
845:
2048:
2356:
2101:
1822:, medical decisions, religious choices, residential and other accommodations, etc. due to their non-emancipated status.
116:
1082:
800:
785:
234:
216:
149:
52:
941:
931:
835:
760:
98:
1785:
Emancipation laws and processes vary from state to state. In most states, minors seeking emancipation must file a
694:
542:
1799:
minors may seek emancipation for reasons such as being dissatisfied with their parents' or guardians' rules. In
2173:
2000:
552:
507:
265:
87:
1429:
1075:
825:
2024:"UNICEF review of legal minimum ages and the realization of adolescents' rights in Latin American countries"
1514:
765:
619:
579:
1504:
755:
315:
194:
44:
1336:
936:
840:
547:
271:
2023:
2148:
1469:
1424:
1419:
926:
820:
725:
419:
2198:
123:
1716:
In general, minors are under the control of their parents or legal guardians until they attain the
1540:
1494:
1414:
863:
517:
392:
291:
198:
2073:
1624:
including his wife, his children and his slaves. Such rights persisted through feudal and
English
1311:
921:
790:
674:
76:
190:
1807:
1351:
1255:
810:
439:
281:
178:
1672:
emancipation. The rights granted in such cases may not be as full as common-law emancipation.
2371:
2366:
2299:
1836:
1652:
1331:
1306:
1283:
1050:
492:
1640:
1519:
1361:
1181:
1176:
1151:
883:
878:
589:
527:
477:
387:
8:
2361:
1967:
1886:
1533:
1245:
1141:
1016:
1001:
815:
795:
679:
634:
537:
333:
297:
1841:
1489:
1278:
1186:
1126:
873:
775:
689:
644:
604:
424:
397:
309:
1912:
2341:
1996:
1937:
1665:
1636:
1479:
1195:
805:
614:
444:
1851:
1737:
1595:
1572:
1409:
1260:
1250:
1215:
1205:
1171:
961:
750:
624:
584:
482:
382:
1818:
things as insurance benefits, SSI, SSDI, wills, tax obligations to them and their
1990:
1846:
1717:
1632:
1587:
1568:
1509:
868:
502:
497:
449:
367:
1831:
1616:
1583:
1386:
1321:
1270:
1062:
996:
991:
966:
830:
684:
659:
594:
522:
487:
454:
434:
2350:
2049:"Argentinian Civil Code, sections 131-135 on emancipation following marriage"
1811:
1745:
1598:. In the United States, all states have some form of emancipation of minors.
1474:
1381:
1341:
1316:
1301:
1210:
1191:
951:
893:
717:
352:
321:
1856:
1644:
1164:
1131:
1006:
898:
735:
599:
574:
532:
512:
409:
377:
250:
1866:
1733:
1729:
1696:
1564:
1464:
1371:
1146:
1136:
956:
745:
649:
629:
564:
459:
429:
404:
1861:
1819:
1814:
while a person is a minor, emancipation will usually end that tolling.
1800:
1749:
1625:
1376:
1105:
1011:
903:
669:
1582:
Depending on jurisdiction, a child may be emancipated by acts such as
1791:
1611:
1200:
1026:
1021:
372:
65:
1786:
1725:
1635:
was abolished during the 19th century and married women were given
1576:
1326:
1240:
971:
888:
771:
International Falcon
Movement – Socialist Educational International
639:
414:
357:
1057:
1753:
1721:
1591:
1265:
1235:
1228:
1031:
1586:, attaining economic self-sufficiency, obtaining an educational
1484:
1459:
1112:
559:
362:
1966:. Right to Education Project. 17 December 2003. Archived from
2154:. Center for Adolescent Health & the Law. January 2010
2275:"Out of Control Teens: PINS and Juvenile Justice System"
1992:
1658:
1392:
List of child abuse cases featuring long-term detention
2120:"A Guide to Understanding the Emancipation of a Minor"
2250:"Do I have an obligation to support my stepchildren?"
741:
Community
Alliance for the Ethical Treatment of Youth
1964:"National law and policies on minimum ages – Brazil"
713:
United
Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child
90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
722:Americans for a Society Free from Age Restrictions
2348:
982:Legal status of tattooing in European countries
987:Legal status of tattooing in the United States
1777:authority to marry or join the armed forces.
1541:
1083:
175:The examples and perspective in this article
304:History of youth rights in the United States
1995:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 42.
977:French petition against age of consent laws
328:Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1938:"Law of Property Act, England, 1925, 1(9)"
1614:the father of the extended household, the
1548:
1534:
1090:
1076:
1675:
1620:, exercised autocratic authority through
781:National Union of Students LGBT+ Campaign
235:Learn how and when to remove this message
217:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
731:Human Rights and Youth Rights Commission
277:Children's Online Privacy Protection Act
1728:, where the age of majority is 19, and
2349:
2342:Emancipation laws in the United States
1988:
287:Convention on the Rights of the Child
2300:"A Teenager's guide to emancipation"
1780:
1659:Global understanding of emancipation
1121:Marriage and other unions and status
947:Ages of consent in the United States
846:World Federation of Democratic Youth
161:
88:adding citations to reliable sources
59:
18:
2254:National Stepfamily Resource Center
2081:Youth Agency and the Culture of Law
13:
2199:"Nebraska Revised Statute 43-2101"
1759:
1435:Hague Convention (child abduction)
14:
2383:
2335:
2102:"Juvenile emancipation in Quebec"
801:Students for a Democratic Society
786:National Youth Rights Association
34:This article has multiple issues.
1711:
1563:is a legal mechanism by which a
1056:
1045:
942:Ages of consent in South America
932:Ages of consent in North America
836:Young Communist League of Canada
761:High School Democrats of America
166:
64:
23:
2317:
2292:
2267:
2242:
2216:
2191:
2166:
2141:
2112:
1810:for bringing a legal action is
75:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
2094:
2074:"Emancipation or Leaving Home"
2066:
2041:
2016:
1982:
1956:
1930:
1905:
1879:
1440:Hague Convention (maintenance)
508:Behavior modification facility
266:Bailey v. Drexel Furniture Co.
1:
1872:
1631:In common-law jurisdictions,
1430:International child abduction
826:Youth Liberation of Ann Arbor
1748:. In some states (including
1653:doctrine of the mature minor
1515:Paternal rights and abortion
766:Indian Youth Climate Network
580:Human rights and youth sport
7:
1825:
1425:Hague Convention (adoption)
756:Global Youth Action Network
665:Underage drinking in the US
193:, discuss the issue on the
10:
2388:
2357:American legal terminology
2224:"P.R. Laws tit. 31, § 971"
2149:"State Minor Consent Laws"
1605:
1284:Parenting coordinator (US)
937:Ages of consent in Oceania
841:Young Democrats of America
272:Child Labor Deterrence Act
179:the English-speaking world
2127:Cook County Circuit Court
1452:Family and criminal code
1410:Private international law
1404:Private international law
927:Ages of consent in Europe
821:Youth International Party
726:Canadian Youth for Choice
420:Taking Children Seriously
1887:"Emancipation of Minors"
1495:Parental child abduction
1342:Contact & visitation
1229:Dissolution of marriages
518:Children in the military
393:Intergenerational equity
316:Newsboys' strike of 1899
292:Fair Labor Standards Act
99:"Emancipation of minors"
1944:. The National Archives
922:Ages of consent in Asia
791:One World Youth Project
675:Youth-adult partnership
181:and do not represent a
2029:. UNICEF. January 2016
1989:Knapp, Victor (1983).
1808:statute of limitations
1676:Routes to emancipation
1561:Emancipation of minors
1357:UN Rights of the Child
1352:Grandparent visitation
1279:Custody evaluator (US)
1256:Matrimonial Causes Act
570:Emancipation of minors
440:Youth detention center
282:Kids Online Safety Act
1837:Mature minor doctrine
1567:before attaining the
1337:Filial responsibility
1332:Tender years doctrine
1307:DNA paternity testing
1165:Validity of marriages
493:Age of consent reform
16:Concept of family law
2203:Nebraska Legislature
1893:. Cornell Law School
1520:Right to family life
1182:Prenuptial agreement
1177:Marriage certificate
1152:Domestic partnership
590:Juvenile delinquency
528:Compulsory education
478:Adolescent sexuality
388:Free-range parenting
199:create a new article
191:improve this article
177:deal primarily with
84:improve this article
2279:healthychildren.org
2129:. State of Illinois
1573:legally incompetent
1246:Grounds for divorce
1142:Common-law marriage
1017:Liberation theology
1002:Youth Olympic Games
816:UK Youth Parliament
811:Three O'Clock Lobby
796:Queer Youth Network
680:Youth participation
635:Minors and abortion
620:Minimum driving age
538:Corporal punishment
334:Wild in the Streets
298:Hammer v. Dagenhart
1942:legislation.gov.uk
1842:Gillick competence
1637:independent rights
1490:Legality of incest
1196:Voidable marriages
1187:Matrimonial regime
1127:Types of marriages
1063:Society portal
690:Youth unemployment
645:School leaving age
605:Legal drinking age
425:Universal suffrage
398:Future generations
310:Morse v. Frederick
1917:California Courts
1781:Emancipation laws
1666:England and Wales
1641:children's rights
1558:
1557:
1480:Domestic violence
1454:(or criminal law)
1362:Children's rights
1296:Children's issues
1100:
1099:
806:Freechild Project
615:Legal working age
445:Youth empowerment
245:
244:
237:
227:
226:
219:
201:, as appropriate.
160:
159:
152:
134:
57:
2379:
2329:
2328:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2271:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2220:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2170:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2153:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2124:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2078:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2028:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2009:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1934:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1883:
1852:Marriageable age
1738:parental consent
1596:military service
1550:
1543:
1536:
1261:Legal separation
1251:No-fault divorce
1216:Amatonormativity
1206:Marriageable age
1172:Marriage licence
1102:
1101:
1092:
1085:
1078:
1061:
1060:
1049:
1048:
997:Students' rights
962:Direct democracy
751:Future Coalition
625:Marriageable age
585:In loco parentis
483:Age of candidacy
383:Fear of children
247:
246:
240:
233:
222:
215:
211:
208:
202:
170:
169:
162:
155:
148:
144:
141:
135:
133:
92:
68:
60:
49:
27:
26:
19:
2387:
2386:
2382:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2347:
2346:
2338:
2333:
2332:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2308:
2306:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2283:
2281:
2273:
2272:
2268:
2258:
2256:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2233:
2231:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2207:
2205:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2182:
2180:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2132:
2130:
2122:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2085:
2083:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2057:
2055:
2047:
2046:
2042:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2007:
2005:
2003:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1971:
1970:on 30 July 2016
1962:
1961:
1957:
1947:
1945:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1921:
1919:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1896:
1894:
1885:
1884:
1880:
1875:
1847:Age of majority
1828:
1783:
1762:
1760:Parental duties
1718:age of majority
1714:
1678:
1661:
1633:chattel slavery
1622:patria potestas
1608:
1569:age of majority
1554:
1525:
1524:
1510:Paternity fraud
1505:Parents' rights
1500:Parental duties
1455:
1453:
1445:
1444:
1405:
1397:
1396:
1297:
1289:
1288:
1231:
1221:
1220:
1167:
1157:
1156:
1122:
1096:
1067:
1055:
1046:
1037:
1036:
917:
909:
908:
884:Koroknay-Palicz
859:
851:
850:
708:
700:
699:
503:Age of marriage
498:Age of majority
473:
465:
464:
450:Youth exclusion
368:Criminalization
348:
347:Theory/concepts
340:
339:
260:
241:
230:
229:
228:
223:
212:
206:
203:
188:
171:
167:
156:
145:
139:
136:
93:
91:
81:
69:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2385:
2375:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2345:
2344:
2337:
2336:External links
2334:
2331:
2330:
2316:
2291:
2266:
2241:
2230:. Casetext Inc
2215:
2190:
2165:
2140:
2111:
2106:educaloi.qc.ca
2093:
2065:
2040:
2015:
2001:
1981:
1955:
1929:
1913:"Emancipation"
1904:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1832:Age of consent
1827:
1824:
1782:
1779:
1761:
1758:
1713:
1710:
1677:
1674:
1660:
1657:
1617:pater familias
1607:
1604:
1584:child marriage
1575:to enter into
1556:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1545:
1538:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1456:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1389:
1387:Paper abortion
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1322:Legal guardian
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1273:
1271:Parenting plan
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1232:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1168:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1094:
1087:
1080:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1065:
1053:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
992:Libertarianism
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
967:Egalitarianism
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
918:
915:
914:
911:
910:
907:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
860:
857:
856:
853:
852:
849:
848:
843:
838:
833:
831:The Youth Cafe
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
720:
715:
709:
706:
705:
702:
701:
698:
697:
692:
687:
685:Youth politics
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
660:Status offense
657:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
602:
597:
595:Juvenile court
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
556:
555:
550:
545:
535:
530:
525:
523:Child marriage
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
488:Age of consent
485:
480:
474:
471:
470:
467:
466:
463:
462:
457:
455:Youth suffrage
452:
447:
442:
437:
435:Youth activism
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
407:
402:
401:
400:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
349:
346:
345:
342:
341:
338:
337:
330:
325:
318:
313:
306:
301:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
261:
258:
257:
254:
253:
243:
242:
225:
224:
185:of the subject
183:worldwide view
174:
172:
165:
158:
157:
72:
70:
63:
58:
32:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2384:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2343:
2340:
2339:
2326:
2325:"Law section"
2320:
2305:
2301:
2295:
2280:
2276:
2270:
2255:
2251:
2245:
2229:
2225:
2219:
2204:
2200:
2194:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2150:
2144:
2128:
2121:
2115:
2107:
2103:
2097:
2082:
2075:
2069:
2054:
2050:
2044:
2025:
2019:
2004:
1998:
1994:
1993:
1985:
1969:
1965:
1959:
1943:
1939:
1933:
1918:
1914:
1908:
1892:
1888:
1882:
1878:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1823:
1821:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1804:
1802:
1796:
1793:
1788:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1746:Massachusetts
1741:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1712:United States
1709:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1682:
1673:
1669:
1667:
1656:
1654:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1618:
1613:
1603:
1599:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1551:
1546:
1544:
1539:
1537:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1528:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1475:Child selling
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1449:
1448:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1382:Child support
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1317:Child custody
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1225:
1224:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1211:Sham marriage
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1161:
1160:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1093:
1088:
1086:
1081:
1079:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1052:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1040:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
952:Animal rights
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
919:
913:
912:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
861:
855:
854:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
710:
707:Organizations
704:
703:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
655:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
610:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
540:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
475:
469:
468:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
399:
396:
395:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
353:Adultcentrism
351:
350:
344:
343:
336:
335:
331:
329:
326:
324:
323:
319:
317:
314:
312:
311:
307:
305:
302:
300:
299:
295:
293:
290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
267:
263:
262:
256:
255:
252:
249:
248:
239:
236:
221:
218:
210:
200:
196:
192:
186:
184:
180:
173:
164:
163:
154:
151:
143:
132:
129:
125:
122:
118:
115:
111:
108:
104:
101: –
100:
96:
95:Find sources:
89:
85:
79:
78:
73:This article
71:
67:
62:
61:
56:
54:
47:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
2372:Emancipation
2367:Youth rights
2319:
2307:. Retrieved
2303:
2294:
2282:. Retrieved
2278:
2269:
2257:. Retrieved
2253:
2244:
2232:. Retrieved
2227:
2218:
2206:. Retrieved
2202:
2193:
2181:. Retrieved
2177:
2168:
2156:. Retrieved
2143:
2131:. Retrieved
2126:
2114:
2105:
2096:
2084:. Retrieved
2080:
2068:
2056:. Retrieved
2052:
2043:
2031:. Retrieved
2018:
2006:. Retrieved
1991:
1984:
1972:. Retrieved
1968:the original
1958:
1946:. Retrieved
1941:
1932:
1922:24 September
1920:. Retrieved
1916:
1907:
1897:24 September
1895:. Retrieved
1890:
1881:
1857:Youth rights
1816:
1805:
1797:
1784:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1742:
1715:
1707:
1702:
1701:
1692:
1691:
1686:
1685:
1680:
1679:
1670:
1662:
1649:
1645:youth rights
1630:
1621:
1615:
1609:
1600:
1581:
1560:
1559:
1367:Emancipation
1366:
1132:Cohabitation
1051:Youth rights
1007:Youth sports
736:Common Cents
695:Youth voting
654:U.S. history
609:U.S. history
600:Juvenile law
575:Gambling age
569:
533:Conscription
513:Child labour
410:Social class
378:Ephebiphobia
332:
320:
308:
296:
264:
251:Youth rights
231:
213:
204:
176:
146:
140:October 2018
137:
127:
120:
113:
106:
94:
82:Please help
77:verification
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
2158:11 February
2133:11 February
2086:11 February
2058:11 February
2053:Archive.org
2033:11 February
2008:11 February
1974:11 February
1948:11 February
1867:Child abuse
1734:Puerto Rico
1730:Mississippi
1697:next friend
1693:Court order
1465:Child abuse
1372:Foster care
1147:Civil union
1137:Concubinage
957:Anti-racism
746:DoSomething
650:Smoking age
630:Minor (law)
565:Child abuse
460:Youth voice
430:Unschooling
405:Paternalism
2362:Family law
2351:Categories
2002:9024727871
1873:References
1862:Disownment
1820:caregivers
1801:California
1750:California
1626:common law
1312:Legitimacy
1275:Residence
1106:Family law
1012:Youth wing
670:Voting age
259:Activities
110:newspapers
39:improve it
2304:CTLawHelp
1792:legal aid
1612:Roman law
1577:contracts
1302:Paternity
1201:Annulment
1027:Socialism
1022:Communism
548:at school
373:Democracy
207:July 2024
195:talk page
45:talk page
2309:29 April
2284:29 April
2259:29 April
2228:Casetext
1826:See also
1806:Where a
1787:petition
1726:Nebraska
1470:CPS (US)
1420:Marriage
1347:CAFCASS
1327:Adoption
1241:Adultery
972:Feminism
864:Fletcher
776:Mermaids
640:Restavec
415:Suffrage
358:Adultism
189:You may
1754:Vermont
1722:Alabama
1703:Partial
1687:Implied
1681:Express
1606:History
1592:diploma
1415:Divorce
1266:Alimony
1236:Divorce
1032:Marxism
916:Related
899:Postman
543:at home
124:scholar
2234:6 June
2208:6 June
2183:6 June
2178:Justia
1999:
1812:tolled
1588:degree
1485:Incest
1460:Bigamy
1113:Family
869:Hanson
858:People
560:Curfew
553:in law
472:Issues
363:Ageism
126:
119:
112:
105:
97:
2152:(PDF)
2123:(PDF)
2077:(PDF)
2027:(PDF)
1594:, or
1565:minor
894:Males
874:Henry
197:, or
131:JSTOR
117:books
2311:2018
2286:2018
2261:2018
2236:2021
2210:2021
2185:2021
2160:2018
2135:2018
2088:2018
2060:2018
2035:2018
2010:2018
1997:ISBN
1976:2018
1950:2018
1924:2020
1899:2020
1752:and
1732:and
1724:and
1643:and
1377:Ward
1194:and
1192:Void
904:Yaco
889:Duff
879:Holt
322:Prez
103:news
1891:Wex
1740:.
1610:In
1590:or
718:Akt
86:by
2353::
2302:.
2277:.
2252:.
2226:.
2201:.
2176:.
2125:.
2104:.
2079:.
2051:.
1940:.
1915:.
1889:.
48:.
2327:.
2313:.
2288:.
2263:.
2238:.
2212:.
2187:.
2162:.
2137:.
2108:.
2090:.
2062:.
2037:.
2012:.
1978:.
1952:.
1926:.
1901:.
1549:e
1542:t
1535:v
1091:e
1084:t
1077:v
656:)
652:(
611:)
607:(
238:)
232:(
220:)
214:(
209:)
205:(
187:.
153:)
147:(
142:)
138:(
128:·
121:·
114:·
107:·
80:.
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
