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becoming much smaller or breaking into several smaller parts during the dry season. As humans have expanded into previously uninhabitable desert areas, the river systems that feed many endorheic lakes have been altered by the construction of dams and aqueducts. As a result, many endorheic lakes in developed or developing countries have contracted dramatically, resulting in increased salinity, higher concentrations of pollutants, and the disruption of ecosystems.
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water saline and also making the basin vulnerable to pollution. Continents vary in their concentration of endorheic regions due to conditions of geography and climate. Australia has the highest percentage of endorheic regions at 21 per cent while North
America has the least at five per cent. Approximately 18 per cent of the Earth's land drains to endorheic lakes or seas, the largest of these land areas being the interior of Asia.
52:
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40:
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Endorheic regions tend to be far inland with their boundaries defined by mountains or other geological features that block their access to oceans. Since the inflowing water can evacuate only through seepage or evaporation, dried minerals or other products collect in the basin, eventually making the
390:
Both permanent and seasonal endorheic lakes can form in endorheic basins. Some endorheic basins are essentially stable because climate change has reduced precipitation to the degree that a lake no longer forms. Even most permanent endorheic lakes change size and shape dramatically over time, often
305:
and rates of evaporation and sedimentation. Where the basin floor is dropping more rapidly than water and sediments can accumulate, any lake in the basin will remain below the sill level (the level at which water can find a path out of the basin). Low rainfall or rapid evaporation in the watershed
264:
Endorheic lakes are typically located in the interior of a landmass, far from an ocean, and in areas of relatively low rainfall. Their watersheds are often confined by natural geologic land formations such as a mountain range, cutting off water egress to the ocean. The inland water flows into dry
1154:
Though a large portion of Europe drains to the endorheic
Caspian Sea, Europe's wet climate means it contains relatively few terminal lakes itself: any such basin is likely to continue to fill until it reaches an overflow level connecting it with an outlet or erodes the barrier blocking its exit.
394:
Even within exorheic basins, there can be "non-contributing", low-lying areas that trap runoff and prevent it from contributing to flows downstream during years of average or below-average runoff. In flat river basins, non-contributing areas can be a large fraction of the river basin, e.g.
429:, and it is estimated that most of the terrestrial water lost ends up in the ocean. In regions such as Central Asia, where people depend on endorheic basins and other surface water sources to satisfy their water needs, human activity greatly impacts the availability of that water.
269:"). Since the main outflow pathways of these lakes are chiefly through evaporation and seepage, endorheic lakes are usually more sensitive to environmental pollutant inputs than water bodies that have access to oceans, as pollution can be trapped in them and accumulate over time.
368:. Closed water flow areas often lead to the concentration of salts and other minerals in the basin. Minerals leached from the surrounding rocks are deposited in the basin, and left behind when the water evaporates. Thus endorheic basins often contain extensive
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watersheds where the water evaporates, leaving a high concentration of minerals and other inflow erosion products. Over time this input of erosion products can cause the endorheic lake to become relatively saline (a "
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447:
Major endorheic basins of the world. Basins are shown in dark grey; major endorheic lakes are shown in black. Coloured regions represent the major drainage patterns of the continents to the oceans (non-endorheic).
260:
prevents the drainage of water into the oceans and the seas. These endorheic watersheds (containing water in rivers or lakes that form a balance of surface inflows, evaporation and seepage) are often called sinks.
813:, whose tributary rivers have been diverted, leading to a dramatic shrinkage of the lake. The resulting ecological disaster has brought the plight of internal drainage basins to public attention.
349:
Examples of relatively humid regions in endorheic basins often exist at high elevation. These regions tend to be marshy and are subject to substantial flooding in wet years. The area containing
1908:. Climate change and erosion of the Catalan coastal mountains, as well as deposition of alluvium in the terminal lake, allowed the Ebro basin to overflow into the sea during the middle-to-late
310:
erosion will generally carve drainage channels (particularly in times of flood), or cause the water level in the terminal lake to rise until it finds an outlet, breaking the enclosed endorheic
2404:
Ryan, William B.F.; Pitman, Walter C.; Major, Candace O.; Shimkus, Kazimieras; Moskalenko, Vladamir; Jones, Glenn A.; Dimitrov, Petko; Gorür, Naci; Sakinç, Mehmet; Yüce, Hüseyin (April 1997).
2689:
Wurtsbaugh, Wayne A.; Miller, Craig; Null, Sarah E.; DeRose, R. Justin; Wilcock, Peter; Hahnenberger, Maura; Howe, Frank; Moore, Johnnie (2017-10-23). "Decline of the world's saline lakes".
166:(exorheic regions), where surface waters eventually drain into the ocean. In general, water basins with subsurface outflows that lead to the ocean are not considered endorheic; but
2888:
2602:
727:, is the freshest of the Dry Valley lakes, receiving its melt almost exclusively from the Canada Glacier. The lake has an ice cover and forms a moat during the Austral summer.
2577:
741:. The lake has an ice cover and receives its water from numerous glacial meltwater streams for approximately six weeks out of the year. Its salinity increases with depth.
961:
2520:
National
Research Council Staff (1995). Mexico City's Water Supply: Improving the Outlook for Sustainability. Washington, D.C., US: National Academies Press.
2849:"Essentials of Endorheic Basins and Lakes: A Review in the Context of Current and Future Water Resource Management and Mitigation Activities in Central Asia"
2305:"Essentials of Endorheic Basins and Lakes: A Review in the Context of Current and Future Water Resource Management and Mitigation Activities in Central Asia"
2964:
2140:
2188:
Galat, D. L.; Lider, E. L.; Vigg, S.; Robertson, S. R. (1981). "Limnology of a large, deep, North
American terminal lake, Pyramid Lake, Nevada, U.S.A.".
421:
and toxic surges of pollutants. The desiccation of saline lakes produces fine dust particles that impair agriculture productivity and harm human health.
2336:
Carroll, Alan R.; Bohacs, Kevin M. (1 February 1999). "Stratigraphic classification of ancient lakes: Balancing tectonic and climatic controls".
406:
Because the Earth's climate has recently been through a warming and drying phase with the end of the Ice Ages, many endorheic areas such as
1078:, being very dry and having exceedingly low runoff ratios due to its ancient soils, has many endorheic drainages. The most important are:
2892:
425:
has also caused a redistribution of water from these hydrologically landlocked basins such that endorheic water loss has contributed to
353:
is one such case, with annual precipitation of 850 mm (33 in) and characterized by waterlogged soils that require draining.
2009:
2937:
2053:
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Endorheic lakes (terminal lakes) are bodies of water that do not flow into an ocean or a sea. Most of the water that falls to Earth
2066:
256:. Analogous to endorheic lakes is the class of bodies of water located in closed watersheds (endorheic watersheds) where the local
717:
feed the lake. Its unique glacial history has resulted in hypersaline brine in the bottom waters and fresh water at the surface.
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2548:
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sit on the divide between the Fraser River drainage to the east and the
Homathko drainage to the west. Such examples include
874:
2136:
699:
has a perennial ice cover, the edges of which melt in the summer, allowing flow from the longest river in
Antarctica, the
2979:
Garciacastellanos, D. (2007). "The role of climate during high plateau formation. Insights from numerical experiments".
2221:
2111:
2076:
2019:
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and Lake Cabeza de Vaca in North
America. The basin was formerly much larger than at present, including the ancestral
2388:
111:
2478:
Dugas, Daniel P. (November 1998). "Late
Quaternary Variations in the Level of Paleo-Lake Malheur, Eastern Oregon".
417:
Climate change coupled with the mismanagement of water in these endorheic regions has led to devastating losses in
360:
In deserts, water inflow is low and loss to solar evaporation high, drastically reducing the formation of complete
1362:
422:
399:'s basin. A lake may be endorheic during dry years and can overflow its basin during wet years, e.g., the former
361:
2357:
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2303:
Yapiyev, Vadim; Sagintayev, Zhanay; Inglezakis, Vassilis; Samarkhanov, Kanat; Verhoef, Anne (21 October 2017).
2284:
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2132:
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376:, dry lake beds, or playas). These areas tend to be large, flat hardened surfaces and are sometimes used for
713:
and has a perennial ice cover and two lobes separated by the Bonney Riegel. Glacial melt and discharge from
1124:
143:); instead, the water drainage flows into permanent and seasonal lakes and swamps that equilibrate through
2847:
Yapiyev, Vadim; Sagintayev, Zhanay; Inglezakis, Vassilis; Samarkhanov, Kanat; Verhoef, Anne (2017-10-21).
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There are some seemingly endorheic lakes, but they are cryptorheic, being drained either through manmade
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in exceptionally wet years. Agricultural development and irrigation diversions have left the lake dry.
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364:. In the extreme case, where there is no discernible drainage system, the basin is described as
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2225:
211:
30:"Closed sea" redirects here. For the legal concept in opposition to 'freedom of the seas', see
293:. The area was a lake fed by the river during the Ice Ages (national borders are superimposed)
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in very wet years. Agricultural development and irrigation diversions have left the lake dry.
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that normally retains water and allows no outflow to other, external bodies of water (e.g.
1757:
8:
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1837:(approximately five million years ago) as it became disconnected from the Atlantic Ocean.
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302:
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484:, in the northern centre of Africa. It covers an area of approximately 2.434 million km.
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that are now dry deserts were large lakes relatively recently. During the last ice age,
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was likely such a lake, having once been an independent hydrological system before the
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2015:
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1548:. It is filled directly by rain and snow and has very little mineral or salt buildup.
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997:
608:
474:
418:
384:
319:
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2833:
2371:
Nichols, Gary (7 December 2007). "Fluvial
Systems in Desiccating Endorheic Basins".
1706:
1643:. Since 1927, it has been drained by canal to the Atlantic Ocean via the River Styx.
3694:
3546:
3097:
3017:
3004:
2996:
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2803:
2756:
2734:"Human Domination of the Global Water Cycle Absent from Depictions and Perceptions"
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2495:
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Vittorio Barale, "The
European Marginal and Enclosed Seas: An Overview" p. 3–22 in
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is fed by groundwater from a rock glacier and remains unfrozen throughout the year.
538:
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70:
1401:, location of many of the new vehicle land speed records set since the 1930s; the
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is normally cut off from drainage to the ocean, but has an outflow channel to the
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in North America. Basin was not always endorheic; at times it overflowed through
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period. Now identifiable as lacustrine sediments buried around and off the coast.
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closed basins. The region contains several basins and terminal lakes, including:
616:
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323:
290:
44:
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1000:, extensive salt flats and a 100 square kilometres (39 sq mi) lake in
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1993:
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346:. This is presently dry, but may have flowed as recently as 1,000 years ago.
343:
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system's geographical barrier and opening it to the surrounding terrain. The
1786:
796:, the largest lake on Earth. A large part of western Russia, drained by the
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1930:
1745:
1741:
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1622:
1600:
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1452:, a volcanic caldera lake in the highlands of Guatemala. It is cryptorheic.
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781:
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407:
331:
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31:
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Falkenmark, Malin; Wang-Erlandsson, Lan; Rockström, Johan (January 2019).
297:
Endorheic regions can occur in any climate but are most commonly found in
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56:
2279:(Fourth ed.). Alexandria, Virginia: American Geological Institute.
2254:(Fourth ed.). Alexandria, Virginia: American Geological Institute.
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in Africa. Currently high enough to connect to rivers entering the sea.
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times, the Valley was substantially covered with five lakes, including
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attempts, because of their extensive areas of perfectly level terrain.
257:
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into the oceans and the seas by way of a network of rivers, lakes, and
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3729:
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are endorheic, and some have salt encrustations along their shores.
1051:
521:, in the Kalahari Desert, is part of an endorheic basin region, the
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3789:
3744:
3714:
3709:
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1905:
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51:
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1901:
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175:
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762:
277:
1938:
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1218:
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969:
965:
770:
638:
580:
462:
380:
339:
298:
1442:, in northern Mexico and the southwestern United States. The
182:
processes of nearby areas. Endorheic water bodies include the
94:
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1897:
1818:
Some of Earth's ancient endorheic systems and lakes include:
1806:
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229:
224:
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39:
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10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<0099:SCOALB>2.3.CO;2
1893:
1710:
1374:
914:
881:, contains a series of closed drainage basins, such as the
85:
76:
2688:
2071:. Leiden, The Netherlands: CRC Press/Balkema. p. 40.
1764:– the lowest point in the Western and Southern hemispheres
3858:
2784:"Recent global decline in endorheic basin water storages"
2133:"Endorheic Lakes: Waterbodies That Don't Flow to the Sea"
100:
1530:. Historically, it would drain into Tulare Lake and the
2634:"Understanding of water resilience in the Anthropocene"
2187:
414:
may have contained lakes larger than any now existing.
2403:
2298:
2296:
2011:
Water Quality Modeling: Rivers, Streams, and Estuaries
1107:, that flows to the sea after extreme rainfall events.
1544:, a cryptorheic lake with subsurface drainage to the
964:
and one of its saltiest bodies of water lies between
866:. The most notable terminal lake in the basin is the
461:
Large endorheic regions in Africa are located in the
432:
186:, which is the world's largest inland body of water.
112:
103:
79:
73:
3047:
1920:
326:
was another such lake, overflowing its basin in the
306:
favor this case. In areas where rainfall is higher,
91:
82:
2293:
1900:basins, draining most of northern Spain during the
862:in Xinjiang, separated from the Tarim Basin by the
784:is a giant endorheic region made up of a number of
88:
952:Other endorheic lakes and basins in Asia include:
2978:
3910:
2446:
1833:itself and all its tributary basins, during its
1692:has several desert endorheic basins, including:
703:. The lake is over 70 m deep and is hypersaline.
2916:A trace of desert waters: the Great Basin story
1777:includes a number of closed basins such as the
1099:, usually an endorheic lake to the west of the
2373:Sedimentary Processes, Environments and Basins
2127:
2125:
2123:
2064:
322:broke through the terrain separating the two.
3033:
2335:
2102:(2004). "Base level". In Goudie, A.S. (ed.).
1559:, a small endorheic basin that straddles the
1345:, Satellite photo (2003) after five years of
301:locations. This reflects the balance between
2250:Jackson, Julia A., ed. (1997). "Endorheic".
2222:"What is a watershed and why should I care?"
1318:
199:
2891:. Mongolian River Resources. Archived from
2406:"An abrupt drowning of the Black Sea shelf"
2120:
1299:MODIS image from November 4, 2001, showing
97:
3040:
3026:
1890:north of Texas, feeding a large lake area.
1826:, until its merger with the Mediterranean.
1260:A few minor true endorheic lakes exist in
43:The endorheic basin that feeds water into
3008:
2864:
2815:
2732:Abbott, Benjamin W.; et al. (2019).
2657:
2429:
2320:
2092:
2007:
27:Closed drainage basin that has no outflow
2913:
1508:. Historically, it would drain into the
1365:endorheic basin, covering nearly all of
1337:
1322:
1294:
1166:phenomena, or other subsurface seepage.
1138:
1085:, which drains into the highly variable
1050:
761:
749:
442:
289:spills out into the empty trough of the
276:
50:
38:
2370:
2275:Jackson, Julia A., ed. (1997). "Sink".
2274:
2249:
2065:Tundisi, J. G.; Tundisi, T. M. (2012).
806:in Western Azerbaijan Province of Iran.
285:(centre) of southern Africa, where the
14:
3911:
2731:
2571:"State of Lake Winnipeg: 1999 to 2007"
2531:
2214:
2098:
670:Endorheic lakes exist in Antarctica's
3021:
2974:The Silk Roads and Eurasian Geography
2477:
1446:of New Mexico drains into this basin.
1393:, the hottest location on Earth; the
875:Central Asian Internal Drainage Basin
372:(also called salt flats, salt lakes,
2781:
2137:United Nations Environment Programme
2014:. New Delhi: New India Pub. Agency.
537:, and a number of salt pans such as
170:. Endorheic basins constitute local
2981:Earth and Planetary Science Letters
2918:. Reno: University of Nevada Press.
2540:Saline Lake Ecosystems of the World
2043:Remote Sensing of the European Seas
936:Many small lakes and rivers of the
903:Province, China, as well as nearby
147:. Endorheic basins are also called
24:
2940:from the original on 16 March 2016
1561:Continental Divide of the Americas
1389:. Notable enclosed basins include
433:Notable endorheic basins and lakes
237:
25:
3960:
2955:
2613:from the original on 13 July 2015
2460:. Idaho Museum of Natural History
1988:American Meteorological Society,
3891:
3890:
3878:
1923:
1751:
893:, and the Pu-Lun-To River Basin.
853:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
162:Endorheic regions contrast with
69:
2922:
2907:
2881:
2840:
2775:
2725:
2682:
2625:
2595:
2563:
2514:
2471:
2397:
2364:
2329:
2268:
2243:
2143:from the original on 2007-09-27
1593:basin in California and Oregon.
800:, is part of the Caspian basin.
2782:Wang, J.; et al. (2018).
2603:"The Sahara Megalakes Project"
2181:
2154:
2058:
2035:
2001:
1982:
1960:
1760:, in Gran Bajo de San Julián,
1740:Many small lakes and ponds in
1256:, is a high endorheic plateau.
1028:, in Turkey, in south part of
13:
1:
2431:10.1016/s0025-3227(97)00007-8
2104:Encyclopedia of Geomorphology
1954:
1656:Several lakes on the western
1311:. These are all parts of the
962:lowest surface point on Earth
678:, the largest ice-free area.
665:
272:
198:derives from the French word
2914:Houghton, Samuel G. (1994).
2659:10.1016/j.hydroa.2018.100009
2198:10.1007/978-94-009-8665-7_22
1518:at the southmost end of the
1127:, formerly connected to the
1046:
452:are indicated by dark lines.
230:
219:
206:
189:
55:NASA photo of the endorheic
7:
2454:"The Lake Bonneville Flood"
1916:
565:, whose basin includes the
10:
3965:
3259:American Mediterranean Sea
3001:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.02.039
2381:10.1002/9781444304411.ch23
1813:
1333:Death Valley National Park
877:, in southern and western
436:
241:
225:
215:
174:, defining a limit of the
29:
3872:
3846:
3813:
3595:
3502:
3234:
3146:
3063:
2962:Primer on endorheic lakes
2808:10.1038/s41561-018-0265-7
2761:10.1038/s41561-019-0374-y
2161:Oxford English Dictionary
2106:. Routledge. p. 62.
1970:. Encyclopædia Britannica
1319:North and Central America
1134:
525:, that also includes the
456:
157:internal drainage systems
3065:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
2543:. Springer. 1986-04-30.
1968:"Inland water ecosystem"
1944:List of endorheic basins
1197:, in Italy. Now drained.
1070:NASA's Earth Observatory
439:List of endorheic basins
3211:Prince Gustaf Adolf Sea
2993:2007E&PSL.257..372G
2930:"BC Geographical Names"
1844:in Scotland during the
1720:Basin, in Grant County.
1030:Central Anatolia Region
745:
3532:Great Australian Bight
2638:Journal of Hydrology X
2500:10.1006/qres.1998.2005
2458:Digital Atlas of Idaho
2226:University of Delaware
2008:Manivanan, R. (2008).
1682:, capital of Canada's
1349:
1335:
1315:
1151:
1072:
773:
759:
758:, a large inland basin
453:
423:Anthropogenic activity
294:
200:
60:
48:
2607:King's College London
1835:Messinian desiccation
1684:Northwest Territories
1399:Bonneville Salt Flats
1363:world's ninth largest
1341:
1326:
1298:
1142:
1054:
765:
753:
601:, which contains the
446:
280:
54:
42:
3934:Lacustrine landforms
3379:Gulf of St. Lawrence
2192:. pp. 281–317.
1990:Meteorology Glossary
1327:The dry lake in the
1266:Laguna de Gallocanta
1129:Murray-Darling Basin
1040:Muthanna Governorate
553:Etosha National Park
3680:Gulf of Carpentaria
3474:Sea of the Hebrides
3103:King Haakon VII Sea
2800:2018NatGe..11..926W
2753:2019NatGe..12..533A
2703:2017NatGe..10..816W
2650:2019JHydX...200009F
2492:1998QuRes..50..276D
2480:Quaternary Research
2422:1997MGeol.138..119R
2350:1999Geo....27...99C
2277:Glossary of geology
2252:Glossary of geology
1597:Little Manitou Lake
1524:Southern California
1361:'s largest and the
1059:satellite photo of
733:is adjacent to the
672:McMurdo Dry Valleys
450:Continental divides
303:tectonic subsidence
3675:Gulf of California
3572:Mozambique Channel
3216:Queen Victoria Sea
3078:Bellingshausen Sea
2967:2007-09-27 at the
1619:, in Saskatchewan.
1553:Great Divide Basin
1520:San Joaquin Valley
1490:Central California
1486:San Joaquin Valley
1377:, and portions of
1350:
1336:
1316:
1270:Estany de Banyoles
1152:
1113:, a highly saline
1073:
932:China-India border
913:covering areas of
774:
760:
635:Lake Mweru Wantipa
488:Qattara Depression
454:
419:ecosystem services
295:
61:
49:
3906:
3905:
3885:Oceans portal
3434:Mediterranean Sea
3384:Gulf of Venezuela
3176:East Siberian Sea
3118:Riiser-Larsen Sea
2741:Nature Geoscience
2691:Nature Geoscience
2550:978-90-6193-535-3
2526:978-0-309-05245-0
2207:978-94-009-8667-1
1880:in North America.
1860:in North America.
1831:Mediterranean Sea
1768:Lake Mar Chiquita
1758:Laguna del Carbón
1744:and the Northern
1728:on the island of
1658:Chilcotin Plateau
1627:Laurentian Divide
1611:Laurentian Divide
1532:San Joaquin River
1510:San Joaquin River
1395:Black Rock Desert
1229:Rahasane Turlough
998:Sabkhat al-Jabbul
889:, which includes
609:Rift Valley lakes
475:East African Rift
385:land speed record
320:Mediterranean Sea
204:, which combines
16:(Redirected from
3956:
3919:Endorheic basins
3894:
3893:
3883:
3882:
3815:Endorheic basins
3695:Gulf of Thailand
3547:Gulf of Khambhat
3042:
3035:
3028:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3012:
2987:(3–4): 372–390.
2950:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2926:
2920:
2919:
2911:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2900:
2895:on 15 March 2012
2885:
2879:
2878:
2868:
2866:10.3390/w9100798
2844:
2838:
2837:
2819:
2779:
2773:
2772:
2738:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2711:10.1038/ngeo3052
2686:
2680:
2679:
2661:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2618:
2599:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2582:
2576:. Archived from
2575:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2535:
2529:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2475:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2465:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2433:
2416:(1–2): 119–126.
2401:
2395:
2394:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2322:10.3390/w9100798
2300:
2291:
2290:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2228:. Archived from
2218:
2212:
2211:
2185:
2179:
2158:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2129:
2118:
2117:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2062:
2056:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2005:
1999:
1997:'endorheic lake'
1986:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1964:
1933:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1799:Salar de Atacama
1779:Salar de Coipasa
1651:British Columbia
1613:in Saskatchewan.
1516:Buena Vista Lake
1462:Bolsón de Mapimí
1418:Valley of Mexico
1309:Salar de Coipasa
1288:salt lakes) and
1111:Lake Corangamite
982:, north-western
860:Dzungarian Basin
539:Makgadikgadi Pan
362:drainage systems
328:Bonneville flood
233:
228:
227:
222:
217:
209:
203:
119:
115:
110:
109:
106:
105:
102:
99:
96:
93:
90:
87:
84:
81:
78:
75:
21:
3964:
3963:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3953:
3939:Drainage basins
3929:Bodies of water
3924:Endorheic lakes
3909:
3908:
3907:
3902:
3877:
3868:
3842:
3809:
3785:South China Sea
3765:Seto Inland Sea
3685:Gulf of Fonseca
3591:
3498:
3349:Gulf of Finland
3344:Gulf of Bothnia
3329:English Channel
3299:Bay of Campeche
3264:Archipelago Sea
3230:
3186:Gulf of Boothia
3142:
3083:Cooperation Sea
3059:
3046:
2969:Wayback Machine
2958:
2953:
2943:
2941:
2928:
2927:
2923:
2912:
2908:
2898:
2896:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2845:
2841:
2794:(12): 926–932.
2780:
2776:
2736:
2730:
2726:
2697:(11): 816–821.
2687:
2683:
2630:
2626:
2616:
2614:
2601:
2600:
2596:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2519:
2515:
2476:
2472:
2463:
2461:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2402:
2398:
2391:
2369:
2365:
2334:
2330:
2301:
2294:
2287:
2273:
2269:
2262:
2248:
2244:
2235:
2233:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2208:
2186:
2182:
2177:s.v. endoréique
2172:Robert le Petit
2159:
2155:
2146:
2144:
2131:
2130:
2121:
2114:
2097:
2093:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2063:
2059:
2040:
2036:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2006:
2002:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1971:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1929:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1864:Lake Bonneville
1852:Lake Tanganyika
1816:
1795:, in Venezuela.
1754:
1726:Lago Enriquillo
1662:Choelquoit Lake
1456:Lago Coatepeque
1430:Lake Xochimilco
1407:Lake Bonneville
1403:Great Salt Lake
1343:Great Salt Lake
1321:
1246:Lasithi Plateau
1223:North Macedonia
1145:Lasithi Plateau
1137:
1105:South Australia
1101:Flinders Ranges
1083:Lake Eyre basin
1067:
1049:
938:Iranian Plateau
928:Aksai Chin Lake
831:Chatyr-Kul Lake
748:
668:
617:Lake Chew Bahir
587:Afar Depression
508:Chott el Djerid
471:Kalahari Desert
459:
441:
435:
324:Lake Bonneville
291:Kalahari Desert
275:
246:
240:
238:Endorheic lakes
192:
153:terminal basins
129:endorreic basin
117:
113:
72:
68:
65:endorheic basin
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3962:
3952:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3900:
3888:
3873:
3870:
3869:
3867:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3850:
3848:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3819:
3817:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3755:Sea of Okhotsk
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3735:Philippine Sea
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3700:Gulf of Tonkin
3697:
3692:
3690:Gulf of Panama
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3670:Gulf of Anadyr
3667:
3665:Gulf of Alaska
3662:
3660:East China Sea
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3601:
3599:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3508:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3489:Tyrrhenian Sea
3486:
3481:
3479:Sea of Marmara
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3369:Gulf of Mexico
3366:
3361:
3356:
3354:Gulf of Guinea
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3294:Bay of Bothnia
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3240:
3238:
3236:Atlantic Ocean
3232:
3231:
3229:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3152:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3088:Cosmonauts Sea
3085:
3080:
3075:
3069:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3045:
3044:
3037:
3030:
3022:
3016:
3015:
2976:
2971:
2957:
2956:External links
2954:
2952:
2951:
2934:apps.gov.bc.ca
2921:
2906:
2880:
2839:
2774:
2747:(7): 533–540.
2724:
2681:
2624:
2594:
2562:
2549:
2530:
2513:
2486:(3): 276–282.
2470:
2445:
2410:Marine Geology
2396:
2389:
2363:
2328:
2292:
2285:
2267:
2260:
2242:
2213:
2206:
2180:
2153:
2119:
2113:978-0415327381
2112:
2091:
2078:978-0415588355
2077:
2057:
2034:
2021:978-8189422936
2020:
2000:
1981:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1891:
1884:Tularosa Basin
1881:
1878:Lake Chewaucan
1875:
1861:
1855:
1849:
1842:Orcadian Basin
1838:
1827:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1803:Atacama Desert
1796:
1790:
1771:
1765:
1753:
1750:
1738:
1737:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1714:
1707:Zuñi Salt Lake
1704:
1697:Tularosa Basin
1687:
1673:
1654:
1644:
1637:Paynes Prairie
1634:
1620:
1614:
1607:Old Wives Lake
1604:
1594:
1584:
1583:, cryptorheic.
1574:
1564:
1549:
1535:
1513:
1502:distributaries
1500:plus southern
1479:
1469:
1464:, in northern
1459:
1458:, El Salvador.
1453:
1447:
1437:
1414:
1329:Badwater Basin
1320:
1317:
1305:Salar de Uyuni
1258:
1257:
1242:
1236:
1231:, the largest
1226:
1208:
1198:
1192:
1185:Lake Trasimeno
1182:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1122:
1108:
1094:
1068:Image credit:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1033:
1023:
1005:
995:
986:
973:
950:
949:
934:
921:
908:
894:
887:Uvs Nuur basin
871:
856:
838:
827:Issyk-Kul Lake
824:
814:
807:
801:
747:
744:
743:
742:
728:
718:
704:
690:
667:
664:
663:
662:
652:
642:
632:
605:
584:
574:
556:
542:
527:Okavango Delta
523:Okavango Basin
519:Okavango River
515:
505:
495:
485:
458:
455:
434:
431:
427:sea level rise
287:Okavango River
283:Okavango Delta
274:
271:
244:Endorheic lake
242:Main article:
239:
236:
223:'within') and
191:
188:
133:drainage basin
125:endoreic basin
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3961:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3899:
3898:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3881:
3875:
3874:
3871:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3845:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3816:
3812:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3705:Halmahera Sea
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3598:
3597:Pacific Ocean
3594:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3567:Laccadive Sea
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3552:Gulf of Kutch
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3542:Gulf of Aqaba
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3522:Bay of Bengal
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3501:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3449:Norwegian Sea
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3419:Levantine Sea
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3374:Gulf of Sidra
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3364:Gulf of Maine
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3339:Greenland Sea
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3319:Caribbean Sea
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3289:Bay of Biscay
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3269:Argentine Sea
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3237:
3233:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3181:Greenland Sea
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3156:Amundsen Gulf
3154:
3153:
3151:
3149:
3145:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3098:D'Urville Sea
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3043:
3038:
3036:
3031:
3029:
3024:
3023:
3020:
3011:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2925:
2917:
2910:
2894:
2890:
2884:
2876:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2843:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2778:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2735:
2728:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2685:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2628:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2598:
2583:on 2017-01-19
2579:
2572:
2566:
2552:
2546:
2542:
2541:
2534:
2527:
2523:
2517:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2474:
2459:
2455:
2449:
2441:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2400:
2392:
2390:9781444304411
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2367:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2344:(2): 99–102.
2343:
2339:
2332:
2323:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2299:
2297:
2288:
2282:
2278:
2271:
2263:
2257:
2253:
2246:
2232:on 2008-03-09
2231:
2227:
2223:
2217:
2209:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2184:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2157:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2115:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2080:
2074:
2070:
2069:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2038:
2023:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2004:
1998:
1996:
1991:
1985:
1969:
1963:
1959:
1950:
1949:Triple divide
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1921:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1868:Red Rock Pass
1865:
1862:
1859:
1858:Lake Lahontan
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1821:
1820:
1819:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1793:Lake Valencia
1791:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1770:in Argentina.
1769:
1766:
1763:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1752:South America
1749:
1747:
1743:
1735:
1734:Caribbean Sea
1731:
1727:
1724:
1719:
1718:Mimbres River
1715:
1712:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1529:
1526:, fed by the
1525:
1521:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1492:, fed by the
1491:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1472:Willcox Playa
1470:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1444:Mimbres River
1441:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1422:Pre-Columbian
1419:
1415:
1412:
1408:
1405:, remnant of
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1359:North America
1356:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1301:Lake Titicaca
1297:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1241:, in Germany.
1240:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1171:Lake Neusiedl
1169:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1156:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1130:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:and includes
1088:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1071:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1003:
999:
996:
994:
990:
987:
985:
981:
977:
974:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
954:
953:
947:
943:
939:
935:
933:
929:
925:
922:
920:
916:
912:
909:
906:
902:
898:
895:
892:
888:
884:
883:Khyargas Nuur
880:
876:
872:
869:
865:
861:
857:
854:
850:
846:
842:
839:
836:
832:
828:
825:
822:
818:
817:Lake Balkhash
815:
812:
808:
805:
802:
799:
795:
791:
790:
789:
787:
783:
779:
772:
768:
764:
757:
752:
740:
739:Taylor Valley
736:
732:
729:
726:
725:Taylor Valley
722:
719:
716:
712:
711:Taylor Valley
708:
705:
702:
698:
697:Wright Valley
694:
691:
688:
687:Wright Valley
684:
683:Don Juan Pond
681:
680:
679:
677:
676:Victoria Land
673:
660:
656:
653:
650:
646:
643:
640:
636:
633:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
613:Lake Abijatta
610:
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
585:
582:
578:
575:
572:
568:
564:
560:
559:Turkana Basin
557:
554:
550:
546:
543:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
513:
509:
506:
503:
499:
498:Chott Melrhir
496:
493:
489:
486:
483:
480:
479:
478:
476:
472:
468:
464:
463:Sahara Desert
451:
445:
440:
430:
428:
424:
420:
415:
413:
409:
404:
402:
398:
397:Lake Winnipeg
392:
388:
386:
382:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
358:
354:
352:
347:
345:
344:Malheur River
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
304:
300:
292:
288:
284:
279:
270:
268:
262:
259:
255:
251:
245:
235:
232:
221:
213:
212:Ancient Greek
208:
202:
197:
187:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
160:
158:
154:
150:
149:closed basins
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
121:
108:
66:
58:
53:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3895:
3876:
3814:
3750:Sea of Japan
3625:Bismarck Sea
3577:Persian Gulf
3562:Gulf of Suez
3557:Gulf of Oman
3537:Gulf of Aden
3504:Indian Ocean
3484:Thracian Sea
3469:Sea of Crete
3459:Sea of Åland
3454:Sargasso Sea
3429:Ligurian Sea
3414:Labrador Sea
3404:Irminger Sea
3359:Gulf of Lion
3314:Bothnian Sea
3304:Bay of Fundy
3279:Balearic Sea
3244:Adriatic Sea
3166:Beaufort Sea
3148:Arctic Ocean
3073:Amundsen Sea
2984:
2980:
2942:. Retrieved
2933:
2924:
2915:
2909:
2897:. Retrieved
2893:the original
2883:
2856:
2852:
2842:
2791:
2787:
2777:
2744:
2740:
2727:
2694:
2690:
2684:
2641:
2637:
2627:
2615:. Retrieved
2597:
2585:. Retrieved
2578:the original
2565:
2554:. Retrieved
2539:
2533:
2516:
2483:
2479:
2473:
2462:. Retrieved
2457:
2448:
2413:
2409:
2399:
2372:
2366:
2341:
2337:
2331:
2312:
2308:
2276:
2270:
2251:
2245:
2234:. Retrieved
2230:the original
2216:
2189:
2183:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2145:. Retrieved
2103:
2100:Goudie, A.S.
2094:
2082:. Retrieved
2067:
2060:
2042:
2037:
2025:. Retrieved
2010:
2003:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1972:. Retrieved
1962:
1931:Lakes portal
1904:and perhaps
1874:and the sea.
1817:
1746:Great Plains
1742:North Dakota
1739:
1647:Spotted Lake
1623:Pakowki Lake
1601:Saskatchewan
1577:Devil's Lake
1571:North Dakota
1474:of southern
1450:Lago Atitlán
1440:Guzmán Basin
1426:Lake Texcoco
1391:Death Valley
1259:
1201:Lake Velence
1157:
1153:
1097:Lake Torrens
1074:
1069:
1057:false-colour
1038:in Iraq, in
976:Sambhar Lake
951:
944:marshes and
940:, including
911:Sistan Basin
905:Qinghai Lake
897:Qaidam Basin
782:Central Asia
775:
731:Lake Fryxell
669:
460:
416:
408:Death Valley
405:
393:
389:
374:alkali flats
365:
359:
355:
348:
312:hydrological
296:
263:
247:
195:
193:
167:
161:
156:
152:
148:
128:
124:
64:
62:
36:
32:Mare clausum
3828:Caspian Sea
3800:Visayan Sea
3780:Solomon Sea
3775:Sibuyan Sea
3770:Shantar Sea
3725:Molucca Sea
3720:Mar de Grau
3650:Chilean Sea
3645:Celebes Sea
3640:Camotes Sea
3605:Arafura Sea
3517:Arabian Sea
3512:Andaman Sea
3464:Sea of Azov
3439:Myrtoan Sea
3254:Alboran Sea
3206:Pechora Sea
3201:Lincoln Sea
3171:Chukchi Sea
3161:Barents Sea
3138:Weddell Sea
3108:Lazarev Sea
3010:10261/67302
2899:21 November
2859:(10): 798.
2375:: 569–589.
2167:'endoreism'
1872:Snake River
1701:rift valley
1680:Yellowknife
1670:Martin lake
1649:, Osoyoos,
1617:Quill Lakes
1567:Devils Lake
1538:Crater Lake
1498:Tule Rivers
1482:Tulare Lake
1434:Lake Chalco
1355:Great Basin
1239:Laacher See
1235:in Ireland.
1211:Lake Prespa
1195:Fucine Lake
1125:Lake George
1117:in western
1115:crater lake
1014:, near the
991:in eastern
924:Pangong Tso
919:Afghanistan
885:basin, the
845:Tarim Basin
798:Volga River
794:Caspian Sea
756:Caspian Sea
715:Blood Falls
707:Lake Bonney
645:Lake Magadi
603:Awash River
577:Lake Chilwa
401:Tulare Lake
351:Mexico City
336:Harney lake
184:Caspian Sea
172:base levels
168:cryptorheic
145:evaporation
57:Tarim Basin
3913:Categories
3864:Superocean
3838:Salton Sea
3805:Yellow Sea
3795:Tasman Sea
3740:Salish Sea
3620:Bering Sea
3527:Flores Sea
3494:Wadden Sea
3424:Libyan Sea
3394:Ionian Sea
3389:Hudson Bay
3334:Foxe Basin
3324:Celtic Sea
3284:Baltic Sea
3274:Baffin Bay
3249:Aegean Sea
3221:Wandel Sea
3196:Laptev Sea
3128:Scotia Sea
3113:Mawson Sea
2788:Nat Geosci
2644:: 100009.
2587:2017-08-27
2556:2007-07-31
2464:2009-11-09
2286:0922152349
2261:0922152349
2236:2008-02-11
2190:Salt Lakes
2147:2008-02-11
2051:1402067720
1955:References
1888:Rio Grande
1730:Hispaniola
1690:New Mexico
1676:Frame Lake
1666:Eagle Lake
1591:Lost River
1546:Wood River
1528:Kern River
1411:Salton Sea
1409:; and the
1379:California
1369:, much of
1307:, and the
1213:, between
1091:Lake Frome
1008:Solar Lake
946:Namak Lake
891:Üüreg Lake
868:Manas Lake
835:Kyrgyzstan
821:Kazakhstan
804:Lake Urmia
786:contiguous
721:Lake Hoare
701:Onyx River
693:Lake Vanda
666:Antarctica
655:Lake Rukwa
629:Lake Awasa
625:Lake Chamo
621:Lake Shala
611:, such as
545:Etosha Pan
535:Nata River
531:Lake Ngami
482:Chad Basin
473:, and the
437:See also:
412:the Sahara
338:system in
273:Occurrence
258:topography
250:percolates
201:endoréisme
180:deposition
164:open lakes
47:, Mongolia
45:Üüreg Lake
3944:Hydrology
3760:Seram Sea
3730:Moro Gulf
3655:Coral Sea
3635:Bohol Sea
3630:Bohai Sea
3615:Banda Sea
3587:Timor Sea
3444:North Sea
3409:James Bay
3399:Irish Sea
3309:Black Sea
3226:White Sea
3133:Somov Sea
3093:Davis Sea
2875:2073-4441
2769:195214876
2719:1752-0894
2676:133755461
2668:2589-9155
2508:129047582
2440:129316719
2315:(10): 2.
2084:5 January
2068:Limnology
2027:5 January
1824:Black Sea
1801:, in the
1775:Altiplano
1762:Argentina
1653:, Canada.
1625:, on the
1609:, on the
1587:Tule Lake
1581:Wisconsin
1313:Altiplano
1087:Lake Eyre
1076:Australia
1065:Lake Eyre
1061:Australia
1047:Australia
1036:Sawa lake
980:Rajasthan
942:Gavkhouni
864:Tian Shan
843:, in the
567:Omo River
370:salt pans
316:Black Sea
267:salt lake
196:endorheic
194:The term
190:Etymology
18:Endorheic
3897:Category
3833:Dead Sea
3823:Aral Sea
3790:Sulu Sea
3745:Savu Sea
3715:Koro Sea
3710:Java Sea
3610:Bali Sea
3191:Kara Sea
3123:Ross Sea
2965:Archived
2938:Archived
2889:"Basins"
2834:54555847
2826:30510596
2611:Archived
2175:, 1973,
2141:Archived
2045:, 2008,
1917:See also
1906:Pliocene
1846:Devonian
1783:Titicaca
1589:and the
1286:Akrotiri
1233:turlough
1119:Victoria
1026:Lake Tuz
989:Lake Van
958:Dead Sea
879:Mongolia
841:Lop Lake
811:Aral Sea
776:Much of
767:Lake Van
735:Ross Sea
659:Tanzania
599:Djibouti
595:Ethiopia
571:Ethiopia
378:aviation
308:riparian
254:wetlands
234:'flow'.
3582:Red Sea
2989:Bibcode
2817:6267997
2796:Bibcode
2749:Bibcode
2699:Bibcode
2646:Bibcode
2617:11 July
2488:Bibcode
2418:Bibcode
2346:Bibcode
2338:Geology
1974:11 June
1910:Miocene
1902:Neogene
1870:to the
1814:Ancient
1789:system.
1732:in the
1641:Florida
1631:Alberta
1557:Wyoming
1504:of the
1484:in the
1476:Arizona
1387:Wyoming
1347:drought
1282:Larnaca
1215:Albania
1205:Hungary
1179:Hungary
1175:Austria
1164:karstic
1022:border.
1016:Israeli
930:on the
901:Qinghai
778:Western
591:Eritrea
549:Namibia
512:Tunisia
502:Algeria
381:runways
332:Malheur
176:erosion
131:) is a
123:; also
59:, China
3847:Others
3053:oceans
2873:
2832:
2824:
2814:
2767:
2717:
2674:
2666:
2592:, p 2.
2547:
2524:
2506:
2438:
2387:
2283:
2258:
2204:
2110:
2075:
2049:
2018:
1939:Bolson
1781:, and
1668:, and
1542:Oregon
1494:Kaweah
1466:Mexico
1432:, and
1385:, and
1371:Oregon
1367:Nevada
1303:, the
1290:Greece
1278:Cyprus
1264:(e.g.
1254:Greece
1219:Greece
1162:, via
1160:canals
1135:Europe
993:Turkey
970:Jordan
966:Israel
960:, the
771:Turkey
709:is in
639:Zambia
627:, and
597:, and
581:Malawi
533:, the
469:, the
465:, the
457:Africa
366:arheic
340:Oregon
330:. The
299:desert
155:, and
141:oceans
137:rivers
3949:Lakes
3854:Ocean
3049:Earth
2944:8 May
2853:Water
2830:S2CID
2765:S2CID
2737:(PDF)
2672:S2CID
2581:(PDF)
2574:(PDF)
2504:S2CID
2436:S2CID
2309:Water
2054:p. 19
1898:Duero
1807:Chile
1787:Poopó
1639:, in
1579:, in
1569:, in
1540:, in
1506:Kings
1420:. In
1383:Idaho
1274:Italy
1262:Spain
1250:Crete
1203:, in
1189:Italy
1187:, in
1173:, in
1149:Crete
1020:Egypt
1012:Sinai
1002:Syria
984:India
978:, in
899:, in
849:China
819:, in
723:, in
657:, in
649:Kenya
647:, in
637:, in
607:Some
589:, in
579:, in
563:Kenya
561:, in
510:, in
500:, in
492:Egypt
490:, in
467:Sahel
383:, or
231:rheîn
220:éndon
216:ἔνδον
207:endo-
116:-doh-
3057:seas
3055:and
2946:2018
2901:2010
2871:ISSN
2822:PMID
2715:ISSN
2664:ISSN
2619:2015
2545:ISBN
2522:ISBN
2385:ISBN
2281:ISBN
2256:ISBN
2202:ISBN
2165:s.v.
2108:ISBN
2086:2021
2073:ISBN
2047:ISBN
2029:2021
2016:ISBN
1995:s.v.
1976:2018
1896:and
1894:Ebro
1840:The
1829:The
1822:The
1773:The
1716:The
1711:maar
1709:, a
1699:, a
1695:The
1551:The
1496:and
1416:The
1397:and
1375:Utah
1373:and
1353:The
1284:and
1244:The
1221:and
1177:and
1143:The
968:and
956:The
926:and
917:and
915:Iran
873:The
858:The
829:and
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