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increment of €15. If this doesn't lead to the payment of the fine, the CJIB will send another reminder, now with a raise of 20%, however, the raise must be at least €30. When the fine continues to be unpaid, the CJIB will instruct a bailiff to collect the penalty nonetheless. This bailiff may, for example, seize the convict's income and sell his possessions. If these measures do not result in the full fine collection, the bailiff will return the case to the prosecutor. The prosecutor will order the police to arrest the convict to execute the earlier written substitute imprisonment. The length of the imprisonment will be percentage-wise reduced if the convict has paid a sum but not the entire fine amount. After the substitute imprisonment the convict will be a free man again. He also won't have to pay the fine anymore, and the case will be closed.
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He can pay the fine, or he can go into appeal. In contrast to the court-imposed fine, when the subject has paid the fine, he will keep the right to go into appeal. The subject can go into appeal within six weeks. In the first instance, the subject appeals to the public prosecutor. The prosecutor shall withdraw the fine completely when he thinks the appellant has right. He will lower the fine sum if he thinks the suspect is partially correct. If the prosecutor believes the suspect is wrong, he will uphold the fine. The suspect does not have to pay the fine as long as the prosecutor has not decided on the appeal yet.
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authorized to collect the penalty through force. The case had to be withdrawn when the capacity of the courts or the prosecutor's office didn't allow the start of a criminal case for a traffic violation. This was the case very often. This situation led to a negative spiral because traffic offenders hoped and expected their case to be withdrawn and not pay the plea bargain fine. This led to growing pressure on the capacity of the courts, which caused more sepots (decisions not to prosecute). This encouraged more offenders not to pay, etc.
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If the (remaining) fine is higher than €70 and the suspect or/nor the prosecutor disagrees with the sub-district judge's verdict, the suspect or the prosecutor can go into appeal for the last time. He does that at the court of appeal of Arnhem-Leeuwarden in
Leeuwarden. This appeal will be in writing,
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Once a subject has been fined by an officer or photographed by a speed camera, he will receive a decision within four months. This decision will contain a short description of the violation, the place and time the violation was committed and the sum of the fine. The subject will have two choices now.
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regulates the system regarding frequently committed traffic violations. According to the WAHV, the maximum sum of the administrative fine is the same as the maximum amount of the first category (Art. 2 section 3 WvSr
Criminal Code). The exact fine per violation is determined by an annex of the WAHV.
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When the judge convicts an individual to a fine, the judge must also set a term of substitute imprisonment. This substitute imprisonment will be executed in the case that the fine remains unpaid. The judge may count one-day imprisonment for every unpaid €25, however usually judges reckon one day for
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Once the prosecutor has decided, the suspect will again have two choices. He can pay, or he goes into appeal at the sub-district judge of his arrondissement (or the arrondissement of the place where the disputed violation was committed). But now, the suspect has to pay the fine as a surety. If the
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These sums are only an upper limit, it's up to the judge or the prosecutor to determine the exact sum of the fine. However, the amount of the fine must be at least €3. The sums of categories are always 1, 10, 20, 50, 200 and 2000 times the amount of the first category. In addition to the fine, the
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To stop this spiral, the secretary general of the justice department (at that time), Dr. Albert Mulder, designed a new law enforcement system. Under this new system, the government acquired the right of summary foreclosure. The summary foreclosure means that the CJIB can execute the fine directly
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Before 1 September 1990, all traffic violations were punished via the criminal law. The suspects were first offered a sort of plea bargain. This mostly contains a fine. If the suspect didn't pay the fine of this plea bargain, the public prosecutor had to open a criminal case. Otherwise, he wasn't
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First, the CJIB will send the convict the fine. If the convict pays the penalty, the case is closed (by paying, the convict loses the right to go into appeal as well); if they do not, the case will be continued. The CJIB will then send the convict a reminder, though this reminder will contain an
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unless the appellant, per se, wants to do it orally. If the fine is lower than €70, or the appellant's appeal is rejected in
Leeuwarden, there will be no legal remedies anymore and the case will be closed. The appellant's surety will be transformed into a fine.
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The Code of the City of
Savannah of 1907 Containing the Charter of City of Savannah with General State Laws Affecting Municipal Corporations, Also Ordinances Adopted by the Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Savannah, Now of Force, with an Appendix
421:, unless the context otherwise requires, the expression "fine", except for any enactment imposing a limit on the amount of any fine, includes any pecuniary penalty or pecuniary forfeiture or pecuniary compensation payable under a conviction.
449:, a pecuniary penalty for some minor crimes that can be either accepted (instead of prosecution, thus saving time and paperwork) or taken to court for regular proceedings for that crime. While technically not a fine, which, under the
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doesn't contain specific amounts for fines for every violation of the law. Instead of that, the
Criminal Code provides six fine categories. Every penalty clause of the Criminal Code contains a fine category. The categories are:
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suspect doesn't pay the surety, the judge will declare him inadmissible (thus the fine will be upheld). The judge will have the same choices as the prosecutor. He can withdraw the fine, lower the fine, or uphold the fine.
367:), as opposed to a fine of a fixed amount. Day-fines are often implemented to alleviate some of the burden on people experiencing poverty, who might otherwise have issues paying/affording some fines.
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every €50 which stays unpaid. However, the substitute imprisonment must be at least one day (even though the fine was €3) and cannot exceed one year (even though the penalty was €100,000).
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In addition to the fine, the fined subject will also have to pay €9 administration costs as well. The amount of the administration costs will also be determined by the minister.
438:; at any shop that has a paying-in machine, he pays the value of the fine to the shop, which then uses the fine card to pass that money on to the court's
1096:"Regeling van de Staatssecretaris van Veiligheid en Justitie van 19 oktober 2015 tot wijziging van de Regeling vaststelling administratiekosten 2012"
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In section 32 of that Act, the expression "fine" includes a pecuniary penalty but does not include a pecuniary forfeiture or pecuniary compensation.
936:
1024:"Besluit van 10 november 2015 tot wijziging van de bedragen van de categorieën, bedoeld in artikel 23, vierde lid, van het Wetboek van Strafrecht"
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or magistrate considers a large amount of retribution is necessary, but there is unlikely to be a significant danger to the public. For instance,
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1012:). This definition previously applied to section 14 of the Criminal Law Act 1977 before it was repealed by the Magistrates' Courts Act 1980.
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for causing a death. The murderer would be expected to pay a sum of money or goods dependent on the victim's social status.
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Once a person is irrevocably convicted of a fine, it's up to the public prosecutor to collect the fine. To do so, the cjib
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convict also has to pay an administration fee of €9. The amounts are established by the government, via a royal order.
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In
England, there is now a system whereby the court gives the offender a 'fine card', which is somewhat like a
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1197:"wetten.nl - Regeling - Besluit administratiefrechtelijke handhaving verkeersvoorschriften 1994 - BWBR0006847"
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Wolf, Samuel
Marione; McLure, J. C.; Lewis, William Wallace; Barksdale, C. D.; Wetmore, Silas MacBee (1922).
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for low-level criminal offences. More considerable fines are also given independently or alongside shorter
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is often punished by substantial fines since fraudsters are typically banned from the position or
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A warning sign in
Singapore that states the fee for releasing vehicles that are immobilized with
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A parking attendant issuing a fine for illegal parking in
Seattle, Washington, 1960
378:) range from about $ 25 to $ 100. In some areas of the United States (for example
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597:(centraal justiteel incassobureau (English: central judicial collection agency))
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950:
Tariff League, American
Protective (1918). "American Economist Volumes 61-62".
746:
Epstein, Isidore (1936). "The Babylonian Talmud ...: Seder Nashim. 4 v. 1936".
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626:(Dutch: Wet administratiefrechtelijke handhaving verkeersvoorschriften (WAHV))
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punishments for the commission of crimes, especially minor crimes, or as the
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679:— in which the results of a crime and items used in a crime are seized
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is a fine that, above a minimum, is based on personal income (similar to
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954:. 61–62. University of Minnesota: American Protective Tariff League: 10.
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English criminal law § General power to impose a fine on indictment
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860:"The West German Day-Fine System: A Possibility for the United States?"
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731:
Amato, Albert (2010). "Reference Guide to Reinsurance 2010 Edition".
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One typical example of a fine is money paid for violations of
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1121:"wetten.nl - Regeling - Wetboek van Strafrecht - BWBR0001854"
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Justitie, Ministerie van Veiligheid en (28 October 2015).
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431:, the expression "fine" includes any pecuniary penalty.
920:
MacDonell, Savannah (Ga.)., Alexander Harrison (1907).
925:. Harvard University: Morning News Print. p. 153.
1022:
Justitie, Ministerie van Veiligheid en (2015-11-20).
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The Administrative Enforcement of Traffic Rules Act
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510:Wetboek van Strafrecht BES (Caribbean Netherlands)
90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
177:deal primarily with Europe and do not represent a
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899:"The Constitutionality of Income-Based Fines"
769:. U.S. Government Printing Office: 675. 2004.
175:The examples and perspective in this article
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935:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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831:Bray, Samuel (2012). "Announcing Remedies".
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53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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621:unless the fined subject goes to appeal.
325:are used either in place of or alongside
231:Learn how and when to remove this message
213:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
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607:Frequently committed traffic violations
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765:"American Jobs Creation Act of 2004".
491:(Dutch: Wetboek van Strafrecht (WvSr))
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298:The most usual use of the term is for
251:(the latter synonym typically used in
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1047:"Wetboek van Strafrecht, Artikel 23"
903:The University of Chicago Law Review
897:Schierenbeck, Alec (December 2018).
864:The University of Chicago Law Review
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818:Code of Laws of South Carolina, 1922
456:Early examples of fines include the
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348:Fines can also be used as a form of
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88:adding citations to reliable sources
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427:In sections 15 to 32 and 48 of the
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394:), fines for petty crimes, such as
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419:Magistrates' Courts Act 1980
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820:. Vol. 3. p. 256.
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374:, for which fines (in the
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445:A related concept is the
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489:The Dutch Criminal Code
327:community service orders
1301:Art. 20a section 1 Wahv
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1268:Art. 11 section 3 Wahv
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1174:Art. 2 section 3 WAHV
1008:of Schedule 7 to the
998:Criminal Law Act 1977
858:Friedman, GM (1983).
754:. Soncino Press: 191.
748:The Babylonian Talmud
429:Criminal Law Act 1977
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782:The Edinburgh Review
447:fixed penalty notice
365:progressive taxation
195:create a new article
187:improve this article
84:improve this article
612:General information
485:General information
451:Bill of Rights 1689
333:sentences when the
99:"Fine" penalty
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203:August 2019
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1057:2019-07-02
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672:Amercement
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469:common law
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