362:
282:
202:
155:
242:
1298:
611:
536:
486:
170:
1334:
661:
297:
1403:
1370:
1310:
1322:
1284:
1358:
758:
708:
686:
511:
424:
217:
636:
561:
257:
409:
1346:
733:
586:
377:
337:
322:
1385:
1257:
1203:
1012:
1043:
1264:
1509:
1494:
1152:
842:
1020:
1440:
1073:
782:
907:
1250:
1504:
1414:
1459:
1051:
1499:
1204:"Ramaphosa, Magufuli, Masisi, Geingob, Nyusi, Lourenço and Mnangagwa to attend FLM summit in Vitoria Falls, Zimbabwe"
926:
812:
1489:
1237:
1100:
985:
1232:
1177:
1433:
1464:
1126:
1238:
Communique on the meeting of the Heads of
Political parties of former liberation movements, March 2013
1314:
1302:
206:
159:
109:
61:
1514:
1426:
867:
750:
678:
1242:
25:
48:, a loose coalition of African countries from the 1960s to the early 1990s committed to ending
1484:
8:
1326:
246:
65:
29:
903:
1469:
787:
45:
956:
897:
41:
37:
1479:
1410:
843:"Decoding China's Africa Strategy beyond 2021: A Discussion with Paul Nantulya"
1474:
1453:
628:
553:
1297:
899:
Making
History in Mugabe's Zimbabwe: Politics, Intellectuals, and the Media
616:
541:
528:
491:
478:
175:
53:
934:
1374:
413:
101:
33:
1333:
666:
302:
77:
49:
1402:
1369:
1321:
1309:
763:
725:
713:
691:
641:
603:
578:
566:
516:
429:
262:
222:
113:
105:
69:
57:
1272:
1357:
1338:
738:
591:
382:
286:
93:
73:
1345:
653:
503:
342:
85:
1362:
366:
89:
1350:
326:
97:
81:
927:"Meeting of Former Liberation Movements: 06-09 March 2013"
1074:"Former liberation movements stress economic cooperation"
813:"President in SA for former liberation movements meeting"
1178:"Namibia to host SADC liberation movements summit | nbc"
868:"Obert Mpofu attends Botswana Democratic Party congress"
1153:"Grand Strategy and China's Soft Power Push in Africa"
28:
of seven political parties which were involved in the
1013:"African govts urged to embrace people's interests"
1409:This article about an organization in Africa is a
414:Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front
1451:
1101:"A wind of change blows through Southern Africa"
1274:Former Liberation Movements of Southern Africa
1044:"Ex-liberation movements rule Southern Africa"
327:People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola
18:Former Liberation Movements of Southern Africa
1434:
1258:
1042:Mataire, Lovemore Ranga (5 December 2015).
1441:
1427:
1265:
1251:
1127:"When 'democracy' becomes 'regime change'"
1124:
1098:
986:"NLMs commend Zanu-PF for its leadership"
1150:
957:"Summit for Liberation Movements Begins"
1510:Political organizations based in Africa
1495:National liberation movements in Africa
1041:
840:
1452:
783:Southern African Development Community
129:
1246:
1125:Fabricius, Peter (15 December 2017).
895:
1397:
1099:Fabricius, Peter (1 February 2018).
1010:
980:
978:
921:
919:
891:
889:
836:
834:
807:
805:
803:
471:
13:
1383:
1282:
24:) is a loosely organized regional
14:
1526:
1226:
1151:Nantulya, Paul (30 August 2018).
975:
916:
902:. Bern: Peter Lang. p. 102.
886:
841:Matanda, Dennis (19 March 2021).
831:
800:
1401:
1368:
1356:
1344:
1332:
1320:
1308:
1296:
756:
731:
706:
684:
659:
634:
609:
584:
559:
534:
509:
484:
422:
407:
375:
360:
335:
320:
295:
280:
255:
240:
215:
200:
168:
153:
1196:
1170:
1144:
1118:
1092:
1066:
60:. Its original members are the
1131:Institute for Security Studies
1105:Institute for Security Studies
1035:
1011:Robi, Anne (10 October 2013).
1004:
949:
896:Tendi, Blessing-Miles (2010).
860:
287:Liberation Front of Mozambique
1:
793:
1413:. You can help Knowledge by
433:
417:
386:
370:
346:
330:
306:
290:
266:
250:
226:
210:
179:
163:
7:
776:
139:National legislature seats
52:and white minority rule in
10:
1531:
1505:African organization stubs
1396:
454:
119:
44:. It has its roots in the
1460:African National Congress
1381:
1291:
1280:
931:African National Congress
349:
309:
269:
229:
207:Botswana Democratic Party
160:African National Congress
138:
135:
132:
126:
110:Botswana Democratic Party
62:African National Congress
1500:Political internationals
1233:6th Meeting in Tanzania
26:political international
1490:Independence movements
1388:
1287:
971:– via allAfrica.
367:SWAPO Party of Namibia
112:, the ruling party of
1387:
1286:
768:8–12 September 2019
743:20–22 November 2018
116:, joined the FLMSA.
1465:Chama Cha Mapinduzi
247:Chama Cha Mapinduzi
66:Chama Cha Mapinduzi
38:white-minority rule
30:African nationalist
1389:
1288:
1210:. 4 September 2019
1208:Club of Mozambique
1080:. 22 November 2015
1054:on 2 February 2017
1048:The Southern Times
1023:on 13 October 2013
937:on 4 February 2016
847:The Habari Network
32:movements against
1422:
1421:
1394:
1393:
909:978-3-03911-989-9
774:
773:
671:20 November 2015
546:25 November 2008
452:
451:
1522:
1443:
1436:
1429:
1405:
1398:
1386:
1373:
1372:
1361:
1360:
1349:
1348:
1337:
1336:
1325:
1324:
1313:
1312:
1301:
1300:
1285:
1267:
1260:
1253:
1244:
1243:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1070:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1050:. Archived from
1039:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1019:. Archived from
1008:
1002:
1001:
999:
997:
982:
973:
972:
970:
968:
953:
947:
946:
944:
942:
933:. Archived from
923:
914:
913:
893:
884:
883:
881:
879:
874:. 29 August 2022
864:
858:
857:
855:
853:
838:
829:
828:
826:
824:
809:
788:Frontline States
762:
760:
759:
737:
735:
734:
712:
710:
709:
690:
688:
687:
665:
663:
662:
640:
638:
637:
615:
613:
612:
590:
588:
587:
565:
563:
562:
540:
538:
537:
515:
513:
512:
490:
488:
487:
473:
459:
458:
447:
440:
428:
426:
425:
412:
411:
410:
400:
393:
381:
379:
378:
365:
364:
363:
353:
341:
339:
338:
325:
324:
323:
313:
301:
299:
298:
285:
284:
283:
273:
261:
259:
258:
245:
244:
243:
233:
221:
219:
218:
205:
204:
203:
193:
186:
174:
172:
171:
158:
157:
156:
124:
123:
108:). In 2019, the
64:(South Africa),
46:Frontline States
1530:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1519:
1515:Southern Africa
1450:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1395:
1390:
1384:
1379:
1367:
1355:
1343:
1331:
1319:
1307:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1276:
1271:
1229:
1224:
1223:
1213:
1211:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1187:
1185:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1161:
1159:
1149:
1145:
1135:
1133:
1123:
1119:
1109:
1107:
1097:
1093:
1083:
1081:
1072:
1071:
1067:
1057:
1055:
1040:
1036:
1026:
1024:
1009:
1005:
995:
993:
992:. 10 March 2013
984:
983:
976:
966:
964:
955:
954:
950:
940:
938:
925:
924:
917:
910:
894:
887:
877:
875:
872:Bulawayo24 News
866:
865:
861:
851:
849:
839:
832:
822:
820:
811:
810:
801:
796:
779:
757:
755:
732:
730:
707:
705:
685:
683:
660:
658:
635:
633:
621:6–9 March 2013
610:
608:
596:11 August 2011
585:
583:
560:
558:
535:
533:
510:
508:
485:
483:
457:
448:
445:
441:
438:
423:
421:
408:
406:
401:
398:
394:
391:
376:
374:
361:
359:
354:
351:
336:
334:
321:
319:
314:
311:
296:
294:
281:
279:
274:
271:
256:
254:
241:
239:
234:
231:
216:
214:
201:
199:
194:
191:
187:
184:
169:
167:
154:
152:
122:
42:Southern Africa
12:
11:
5:
1528:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1446:
1445:
1438:
1431:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1406:
1392:
1391:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1365:
1353:
1341:
1329:
1317:
1305:
1292:
1290:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1270:
1269:
1262:
1255:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1235:
1228:
1227:External links
1225:
1222:
1221:
1195:
1169:
1143:
1117:
1091:
1078:The Zimbabwean
1065:
1034:
1003:
974:
948:
915:
908:
885:
859:
830:
819:. 7 March 2013
798:
797:
795:
792:
791:
790:
785:
778:
775:
772:
771:
769:
766:
753:
751:Victoria Falls
747:
746:
744:
741:
728:
722:
721:
719:
718:December 2017
716:
703:
700:
699:
697:
694:
681:
679:Victoria Falls
675:
674:
672:
669:
656:
650:
649:
647:
644:
631:
625:
624:
622:
619:
606:
600:
599:
597:
594:
581:
575:
574:
572:
569:
556:
550:
549:
547:
544:
531:
525:
524:
522:
519:
506:
500:
499:
497:
494:
481:
475:
474:
469:
466:
463:
456:
453:
450:
449:
444:
442:
437:
435:
432:
419:
416:
403:
402:
397:
395:
390:
388:
385:
372:
369:
356:
355:
350:
348:
345:
332:
329:
316:
315:
310:
308:
305:
292:
289:
276:
275:
270:
268:
265:
252:
249:
236:
235:
230:
228:
225:
212:
209:
196:
195:
190:
188:
183:
181:
178:
165:
162:
149:
148:
145:
141:
140:
137:
134:
131:
128:
121:
118:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1527:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1444:
1439:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1425:
1424:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1404:
1400:
1399:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1293:
1279:
1275:
1268:
1263:
1261:
1256:
1254:
1249:
1248:
1245:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1209:
1205:
1199:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1158:
1154:
1147:
1132:
1128:
1121:
1106:
1102:
1095:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1038:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1007:
991:
987:
981:
979:
962:
958:
952:
936:
932:
928:
922:
920:
911:
905:
901:
900:
892:
890:
873:
869:
863:
848:
844:
837:
835:
818:
814:
808:
806:
804:
799:
789:
786:
784:
781:
780:
770:
767:
765:
754:
752:
749:
748:
745:
742:
740:
729:
727:
724:
723:
720:
717:
715:
704:
702:
701:
698:
696:4–8 May 2016
695:
693:
682:
680:
677:
676:
673:
670:
668:
657:
655:
652:
651:
648:
646:October 2013
645:
643:
632:
630:
629:Dar es Salaam
627:
626:
623:
620:
618:
607:
605:
602:
601:
598:
595:
593:
582:
580:
577:
576:
573:
570:
568:
557:
555:
554:Dar es Salaam
552:
551:
548:
545:
543:
532:
530:
527:
526:
523:
520:
518:
507:
505:
502:
501:
498:
496:October 2000
495:
493:
482:
480:
477:
476:
470:
467:
464:
461:
460:
443:
436:
431:
420:
415:
405:
404:
396:
389:
384:
373:
368:
358:
357:
344:
333:
328:
318:
317:
304:
293:
288:
278:
277:
264:
253:
248:
238:
237:
224:
213:
208:
198:
197:
189:
182:
177:
166:
161:
151:
150:
146:
143:
142:
125:
117:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
31:
27:
23:
19:
1415:expanding it
1408:
1273:
1212:. Retrieved
1207:
1198:
1186:. Retrieved
1181:
1172:
1160:. Retrieved
1156:
1146:
1134:. Retrieved
1130:
1120:
1108:. Retrieved
1104:
1094:
1082:. Retrieved
1077:
1068:
1056:. Retrieved
1052:the original
1047:
1037:
1025:. Retrieved
1021:the original
1016:
1006:
994:. Retrieved
989:
965:. Retrieved
963:. 5 May 2010
960:
951:
939:. Retrieved
935:the original
930:
898:
876:. Retrieved
871:
862:
850:. Retrieved
846:
821:. Retrieved
816:
617:South Africa
542:South Africa
529:Johannesburg
492:South Africa
479:Johannesburg
176:South Africa
147:Upper house
144:Lower house
136:Established
130:Abbreviation
54:South Africa
21:
17:
15:
990:Politicsweb
571:4 May 2010
34:colonialism
1454:Categories
1017:Daily News
961:The Herald
817:The Herald
794:References
667:Mozambique
303:Mozambique
78:Mozambique
1214:7 January
1188:7 January
1162:7 January
1136:7 January
1110:7 January
1084:7 January
1058:7 January
1027:7 January
996:7 January
967:7 January
941:7 January
878:7 January
852:7 January
823:7 January
439:179 / 270
352:124 / 220
312:184 / 250
272:362 / 393
185:159 / 400
50:apartheid
777:See also
764:Zimbabwe
726:Windhoek
714:Zimbabwe
692:Zimbabwe
642:Tanzania
604:Pretoria
579:Windhoek
567:Tanzania
517:Zimbabwe
430:Zimbabwe
392:63 / 104
263:Tanzania
223:Botswana
133:Country
114:Botswana
106:Zimbabwe
70:Tanzania
58:Rhodesia
1485:ZANU–PF
1470:FRELIMO
1375:ZANU–PF
1339:FRELIMO
739:Namibia
592:Namibia
465:Country
455:Summits
446:34 / 80
418:ZANU–PF
399:28 / 42
383:Namibia
291:FRELIMO
232:38 / 65
192:43 / 90
120:Members
102:ZANU–PF
96:), and
94:Namibia
80:), the
74:FRELIMO
1184:. 2018
906:
761:
736:
711:
689:
664:
654:Maputo
639:
614:
589:
564:
539:
514:
504:Harare
489:
427:
380:
343:Angola
340:
300:
260:
220:
173:
86:Angola
1480:SWAPO
1363:SWAPO
1157:WATHI
521:2001
468:Date
434:1963
387:1960
371:SWAPO
347:1956
307:1962
267:1977
227:1961
180:1912
127:Party
90:SWAPO
22:FLMSA
1475:MPLA
1411:stub
1351:MPLA
1216:2023
1190:2023
1164:2023
1138:2023
1112:2023
1086:2023
1060:2023
1029:2023
998:2023
969:2023
943:2022
904:ISBN
880:2023
854:2023
825:2021
472:Ref.
462:City
331:MPLA
100:and
98:ZAPU
82:MPLA
56:and
36:and
16:The
1327:CCM
1315:BDP
1303:ANC
1182:NBC
251:CCM
211:BDP
164:ANC
88:),
72:),
40:in
1456::
1206:.
1180:.
1155:.
1129:.
1103:.
1076:.
1046:.
1015:.
988:.
977:^
959:.
929:.
918:^
888:^
870:.
845:.
833:^
815:.
802:^
1442:e
1435:t
1428:v
1417:.
1266:e
1259:t
1252:v
1218:.
1192:.
1166:.
1140:.
1114:.
1088:.
1062:.
1031:.
1000:.
945:.
912:.
882:.
856:.
827:.
104:(
92:(
84:(
76:(
68:(
20:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.