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611:. Two solar arrays supplied 710 watts of power, while S-band communications were used for control and telemetry. A UHF channel was used for cross-links between spacecraft. A hydrazine propulsion system was used for orbital correction. The payload included two L-band GPS signals at 1575.42 MHz (L1) and 1227.60 MHz (L2). Each spacecraft carried two
511:
was awarded a contract in 1974 to build the first eight Block I satellites. In 1978, the contract was extended to build an additional three Block I satellites. Beginning with
Navstar 1 in 1978, ten "Block I" GPS satellites were successfully launched. One satellite, "Navstar 7", was lost due to an
622:
The first of the nine satellites in the initial Block II series was launched on 14 February 1989; the last was launched on 1 October 1990. The final satellite of the series to be taken out of service was decommissioned on 15 March 2007, well past its 7.5 year design life.
786:. On 22 August 2019, the second GPS III satellite was launched aboard a Delta IV. The third GPS III satellite was launched on 30 June 2020, aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 launch vehicle. The fourth GPS III satellite launched on 5 November 2020, also aboard a Falcon 9.
546:
The Block I series consisted of the concept validation satellites and reflected various stages of system development. Lessons learned from the 10 satellites in the series were incorporated into the fully operational Block II series.
631:
The Block IIA satellites were slightly improved versions of the Block II series, designed to provide 180 days of operation without contact from the control segment. However, the mass increased to 1,816 kg (4,004 lb).
701:
The Block IIF series are "follow-on" satellites developed by Boeing. The satellite has a mass of 1,630 kg (3,590 lb) and a design life of 12 years. The first Block IIF space vehicle was launched in May 2010 on a
662:
rocket exploded 12 seconds into flight. The first successful launch was on 23 July 1997. Twelve satellites in the series were successfully launched. At least ten satellites in this block carried an experimental
800:
The Block IIIF series is the second set of GPS Block III satellites, which will consist of up to 22 space vehicles. Block IIIF launches are expected to begin no earlier than 2026 and continue through 2034.
635:
Nineteen satellites in the Block IIA series were launched, the first on 26 November 1990 and the last on 6 November 1997. Two of the satellites in this series, numbers 35 and 36, were equipped with laser
658:. Each satellite weighs 2,030 kg (4,480 lb) at launch and 1,080 kg (2,380 lb) once on orbit. The first attempted launch of a Block IIR satellite failed on 17 January 1997 when the
596:
The Block II satellites were the first full scale operational GPS satellites, designed to provide 14 days of operation without any contact from the control segment. The prime contractor was
600:, which built a SVN 12 qualification vehicle after an amendment to the Block I contract. In 1983, the company was awarded an additional contract to build 28 Block II/IIA satellites.
592:
GPS II underwent a four-month series of qualification tests in the AEDC Mark I Space
Chamber to determine whether the satellite could withstand extreme heat and cold in space, 1985.
779:
a contract option for two more Block III satellites, setting the total number of GPS III satellites to ten. On 23 December 2018, the first GPS III satellite was launched aboard a
1294:
775:
GPS Block III is the first series of third-generation GPS satellites, incorporating new signals and broadcasting at higher power levels. In
September 2016, the Air Force awarded
683:
The Block IIR-M satellites include a new military signal and a more robust civil signal, known as L2C. There are eight satellites in the Block IIR-M series, which were built by
580:
The final Block I launch was conducted on 9 October 1985, but the last Block I satellite was not taken out of service until 18 November 1995, well past its 5-year design life.
646:, the last Block IIA satellite, broadcast on the PRN 18 signal. It was removed from service on 9 October 2019 but kept as an on-orbit spare until April 2020.
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The GPS satellites circle the Earth at an altitude of about 20,000 km (12,427 miles) and complete two full orbits every day.
640:, allowing them to be tracked independently of their radio signals, providing unambiguous separation of clock and ephemeris errors.
2248:
1466:
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687:. The first Block IIR-M satellite was launched on 26 September 2005. The final launch of a IIR-M was on 17 August 2009.
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clocks, as well as nuclear detonation detection sensors, leading to a mass of 1,660 kg (3,660 lb).
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17:
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Note: This animation does not reflect actual orbits which are approximately 350 times denser than these.
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129:. The first satellite in the system, Navstar 1, was launched on 22 February 1978. The GPS
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Inside GNSS - Global
Navigation Satellite Systems Engineering, Policy, and Design
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776:
684:
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430:
400:
340:
310:
1248:"ULA Delta II Completes 20 Year Era With Successful Air Force GPS IIR-21 Launch"
2047:
795:
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The Block IIR series are "replenishment" (replacement) satellites developed by
637:
608:
924:
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1976:
1903:
1435:
1309:
1295:"SMC exercises contract options to procure two additional GPS III satellites"
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1098:
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985:
911:
869:
770:
696:
138:
1323:"The last single-stick Delta rocket launched Thursday, and it put on a show"
570:
propulsion system was used for orbital correction. The payload included two
1020:
492:
574:
504:
A full-scale GPS was tested in the Mark I Space
Chamber at AEDC in 1977.
60:
Animation of GPS satellites' orbits from 15 May 2013 to 6 September 2018
1151:
GPS World (January 2011): The
Distress Alerting Satellite System (DASS)
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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1308:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1216:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1188:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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rocket. The twelfth and final IIF launch was on 5 February 2016.
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1337:"Emerged from Its Cocoon, the Third GPS III Now Flies Skyward"
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communications were used for control and telemetry, while an
109:
536:
1140:. Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company. 18 January 2023.
754:
Artist's impression of a GPS Block III satellite in orbit
1379:"Next Tranche of GPS Satellites to be called GPS IIIF"
1281:"Air Force successfully launches GPS IIF-12 satellite"
1231:"Latest GPS IIR-M Sat Goes "Gold" For Lockheed Martin"
742:
Artist's impression of a
Navstar-2F satellite in orbit
808:
730:
Artist's impression of a GPS-IIRM satellite in orbit
577:
at 1575.42 MHz (L1) and 1227.60 MHz (L2).
1370:
718:
Artist's impression of a GPS-IIR satellite in orbit
566:channel provided cross-links between spacecraft. A
1385:. Gibbons Media & Research LLC. Archived from
2230:
1401:
121:are the various production generations of the
1460:
1017:"CDDIS Bulletin - June 1994, Volume 9 No. 5"
554:supplied over 400 watts of power, charging
1467:
1453:
1138:"Global Positioning management System IIR"
1037:
515:The Block I satellites were launched from
1112:"Farewell to a Great Generation: GPS IIA"
512:unsuccessful launch on 18 December 1981.
587:
499:
496:Exploded view of a GPS Block 1 satellite
491:
55:
39:
31:
2216:Italics indicate future missions. Signs
1407:
759:
27:Generations of US navigation satellites
14:
2231:
1410:"GPS Status and Modernization Program"
1353:
583:
151:
1448:
1376:
678:
487:
36:GPS satellite constellation animation
1047:. U.S. Coast Guard Navigation Center
789:
1408:Gleckel, Gerry (15 November 2017).
1377:Divis, Dee Ann (22 November 2017).
1356:"Deployment of GPS III-4 confirmed"
1259:
917:
764:
690:
649:
626:
525:intercontinental ballistic missiles
24:
1267:"Boeing Satellite Launch Schedule"
925:"Site: Boeing North American, Inc"
673:Distress Alerting Satellite System
558:for operations in Earth's shadow.
25:
2260:
254:One prototype was never launched
48:to scale; green dash-dot line is
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1303:
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975:"BLOCK II SATELLITE INFORMATION"
905:
863:
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735:
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2249:Satellites of the United States
1347:
1329:
1325:. Ars Technica. 22 August 2019.
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1223:
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1069:
901:"BLOCK I SATELLITE INFORMATION"
883:"The Global Positioning System"
527:. The satellites were built by
123:Global Positioning System (GPS)
1077:"Notice Advisory to GPS Users"
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991:
967:
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893:
875:
839:
480:(Last update: October 2, 2024)
13:
1:
1283:. GPS World. 8 February 2016.
832:
607:, with ground pointing using
135:2nd Space Operations Squadron
1343:. Inside GGNS. 30 June 2020.
523:rockets that were converted
7:
1354:@SpaceX (6 November 2020).
804:
10:
2265:
1269:. Boeing. 15 January 2008.
1203:"GLOBALPOSITIONING SYSTEM"
1045:"GPS CONSTELLATION STATUS"
793:
768:
694:
155:
2244:Global Positioning System
2220:indicate launch failures.
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1975:
1902:
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1477:Global Positioning System
1233:. SatNews. Archived from
603:Block II spacecraft were
517:Vandenberg Air Force Base
479:
143:United States Space Force
556:nickel–cadmium batteries
131:satellite constellation
1489:List of GPS satellites
1205:. USAF. Archived from
1019:. NASA. Archived from
827:List of GPS satellites
598:Rockwell International
593:
533:Seal Beach, California
529:Rockwell International
509:Rockwell International
505:
497:
281:Rockwell International
250:Rockwell International
220:Rockwell International
158:List of GPS satellites
115:
53:
52:, a typical GPS orbit.
37:
853:. NASA. 27 April 2016
605:three-axis stabilized
591:
539:second stages of the
531:at the same plant in
503:
495:
156:Further information:
59:
43:
35:
1301:. 22 September 2016.
1209:on 16 November 2007.
784:Falcon 9 Full Thrust
760:Block III satellites
543:rockets were built.
127:satellite navigation
119:GPS satellite blocks
1237:on 23 January 2008.
584:Block II satellites
152:Satellites by block
133:is operated by the
1389:on 2 December 2017
1253:2009-10-01 at the
1173:on 9 November 2020
819:Spaceflight portal
679:Block IIR-M series
594:
575:navigation signals
506:
498:
488:Block I satellites
116:
54:
50:medium Earth orbit
38:
2226:
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1023:on 20 March 2009.
790:Block IIIF series
669:search and rescue
485:
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16:(Redirected from
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1419:. U.S. Air Force
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1169:. Archived from
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765:Block III series
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650:Block IIR series
638:retro-reflectors
627:Block IIA series
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1255:Wayback Machine
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1118:. 15 April 2020
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1362:) – via
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796:GPS Block IIIF
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1039:
1021:the original
1011:
1003:skyrocket.de
1002:
999:"Navstar-2A"
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46:Earth orbits
29:
1383:Inside GNSS
957:"Navstar-2"
887:harvard.edu
847:"Navstar 1"
671:, known as
409:Block IIIF
319:Block IIRM
137:(2SOPS) of
2233:Categories
2048:Block IIIF
1851:Block IIRM
1480:satellites
1423:1 December
1393:1 December
1341:insideggns
1086:28 October
1051:28 October
833:References
535:where the
379:Block III
349:Block IIF
289:Block IIR
259:Block IIA
179:Unhealthy
1977:Block III
1904:Block IIF
1732:Block IIR
1624:Block IIA
1177:17 August
568:hydrazine
228:Block II
187:Failures
168:Launched
125:used for
1566:Block II
1475:NAVSTAR
1251:Archived
1167:nasa.gov
805:See also
704:Delta IV
660:Delta II
615:and two
613:rubidium
541:Saturn V
198:Block I
193:Remarks
182:Retired
176:Reserve
174:Testing/
44:Various
1497:Block I
1417:gps.gov
1364:Twitter
1122:18 June
977:. USNO.
927:. WTEC.
903:. USNO.
857:25 July
96:USA-151
82:USA-239
68:USA-242
66:
1299:af.mil
1163:"NASA"
781:SpaceX
665:S-band
644:SVN-34
617:cesium
572:L-band
560:S-band
519:using
371:Boeing
185:Launch
165:Block
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1413:(PDF)
1360:Tweet
550:Dual
521:Atlas
440:Total
110:Earth
103:
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1425:2017
1395:2017
1179:2019
1124:2021
1088:2019
1053:2018
859:2016
537:S-II
564:UHF
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