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further developed the geosyncline concept, and introduced it to Europe in 1900. Eduard Suess, a leading geologist of his time, disapproved the concept of geosyncline, and in 1909 he argued against its use due to its association with outdated theories. This did not prevent further development of the
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was indebted either to the Andes being preceded by a shallow geosyncline, or because the Andes represented just the margin of a geosyncline. Steinmann contributed this correlation to the distinction between
Cordilleran and Alpine-type mountains. According to Stille, a type of geosyncline called a
158:, resulting in a pattern of undulation in the Earth's crust. According to this view, regular, episodic global revolutions caused geosynclines to collapse, forming orogens. According to Kober and Stille, developing geosynclinal depressions were accompanied by uplifted geanticlines, which then
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over time. In Stille and Kober's view, geosynclines and orogens were the unstable parts of the Earth's crust, in stark contrast with the very stable
208:. Meanwhile, Argand argued that geosynclines, sufficiently attenuated through stretching, could become oceans basins, as a material called "
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Development of a mountain range by sedimentation of a geosyncline and isostatic uplifting. This is the "collapse" of the geosyncline.
174:; if faults were present in geosynclines, they were the product of later processes, such as the final collapse of the geosyncline.
123:. These two views can be called "fixist", in the case of geosyncline theory, and "mobilist" for the support of continental drift.
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With respect to oceanic basins, Kober held them to be separate and distinct from geosynclines. He nonetheless believed that
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Even as continental drift became generally accepted, the concept of geosynclines persisted in geological science. In 1970,
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189:"eugeosyncline" was characterized by producing an "initial magmatism", which in some cases corresponded to
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and John M. Bird adapted the geosyncline to plate tectonics. The term continued to have usage within a
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The continued development of the geosyncline theory by Stille and Kober following the publication of
278: – Structural geology term for a fold with younger layers closer to the center of the structure
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using the geosyncline concept. He theorized that the apparent lack of ophiolite in the
Peruvian
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Dana and Stille supposed that the collapse of geosynclines into orogens was result of the
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argued against its use, in light of its association with discredited geological ideas.
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from 1885 to 1909 was not unchallenged, as another school of thought was led by
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were orogens, although Stille disagreed, asserting that they were places of
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was envisaged. A geosyncline was described as a giant downward fold in the
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Dewey, John F.; Bird, John M. (1970). "Plate tectonics and geosynclines".
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The geosyncline concept was first conceived by the
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American Geosyncline: Geol. Soc. America Mem. 48
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88:concept in the first half of the 20th century by
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598:(1982). "Classical theories of orogenesis". In
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96:, both of whom worked on a
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648:Obsolete geology theories
606:. John Wiley & Sons.
230:Resulting mountain type
580:King, Philip B. (1977)
347:The Geosynclinal Theory
327:Applied Sedimentology,
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635:at Wikimedia Commons
587:Kay, Marshall (1951)
355:59:649-670, July 1948
202:extensional tectonics
81:Appalachian Mountains
31:(originally called a
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325:Selley, Richard C.,
227:Associated magmatism
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191:ophiolitic magmatism
109:Das Antlitz der Erde
61:orogenic deformation
224:Geosyncline subtype
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156:epeirogenic uplifts
148:Earth's contraction
142:Geosynclinal theory
39:concept to explain
241:Initial magmatism
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631:Media related to
335:978-0-12-636375-3
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235:Orthogeosyncline
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633:Geosyncline
244:Alpinotype
100:framework.
94:Hans Stille
29:geosyncline
295:References
182:ophiolites
85:Émile Haug
73:James Hall
37:geological
282:Anticline
164:sediments
152:kratogens
642:Category
591:, 143pp.
529:, p. 682
288:Isostasy
276:Syncline
270:See also
172:faulting
604:Orogeny
568:, p. 37
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206:Iceland
67:History
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160:eroded
186:Andes
168:basin
608:ISBN
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210:sima
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