510:
between 2006 and 2012. Housing starts in New
Zealand fell 20 percent in June 2008, the lowest levels since 1986. Excluding apartments, approvals dropped 13 percent from May. Approvals in the year ended June fell 12 percent from a year earlier. Second-quarter approvals dropped 19 percent. The figures
502:
The New
Zealand Treasury defines "recession" as "consecutive falls in real GDP." The department said that New Zealand's real GDP fell 3.3% between the December 2007 quarter and the March 2008 quarter, and that this start, before any other OECD nation, was the result of domestic factors. It said that
487:
Some analysts had predicted the continuing decline of trade in 2009 could put the economy into recession for the first time in 17 years. However, these initial fears were proved largely unfounded as the
Australian economy avoided recession and the unemployment rate peaked at a much lower rate than
518:
concluded that the country's economy had contracted for a second quarter based on economic indicators, putting New
Zealand in a recession. New Zealand's central bank cut rates by half a percent arguing the economy was in recession. New Zealand's GDP declined by 0.2 percent in the second quarter
483:
as
Australia was New Zealand's biggest export market. It is said that the term Great Recession as a description of the post-2008 slump is not recognized by Australians particularly those under 30 due to its mild, intangible impact on the country's economy.
478:
ranked
Australia's banking system the fourth best in the world, while the Australian dollar's 30% drop was seen as a boon for trade, shielding the country from the crisis and helping to slow growth and consumption. Australia's recession affected
488:
had been predicted. To help address the anticipated slowdown, the
Australian government also announced a stimulus package worth $ 27 billion to spur economic growth while the Reserve Bank of Australia introduced a series of interest rate cuts.
503:
New
Zealand's recession was among the first to finish and was one of the shallowest. New Zealand Institute of Economic Research's quarterly survey showed New Zealand's economy contracted 0.3 percent in the first quarter of 2008.
1480:
473:
had predicted
Australia was well positioned to weather the crisis with minimal disruption, sustaining more than 2% GDP growth in 2009 (as many Western nations went into recession). In the same year, the
1473:
461:
growth during the global recession. It was not affected by the crisis from 2008 to 2009 due to a number of factors such as government stimulus spending; its proximity to the booming
2599:
1466:
1267:
267:
2384:
2505:
2389:
1133:
69:
1084:
218:
2374:
1244:
233:
2364:
695:
111:
2354:
2897:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2359:
1123:
151:
1629:
1489:
507:
403:
213:
101:
522:
The economy emerged from recession in mid-2009, with the second-quarter GDP report showing the economy grew by 0.1 per cent on the March quarter.
1458:
2931:
1214:
1079:
766:
188:
106:
2795:
2609:
54:
1872:
1497:
1138:
993:
208:
1184:
945:
238:
2232:
2179:
1229:
1153:
457:(OECD) countries that did not experience two consecutive negative quarters of growth and one of the two that avoided negative year-end
248:
1409:
1239:
867:
243:
228:
3027:
2785:
2429:
2090:
1697:
1069:
922:
64:
2710:
2546:
1702:
1493:
1163:
960:
465:
and the related mining boom kept growth ticking over throughout the worst of the global conditions. In fact, sources such as the
3022:
2698:
2068:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1784:
950:
583:
2566:
2073:
1602:
1419:
1148:
1118:
1039:
193:
720:
2972:
2738:
2510:
2321:
1179:
1034:
900:
396:
350:
2728:
2790:
2693:
2551:
2217:
1324:
1209:
787:
183:
96:
49:
3042:
3037:
3032:
2594:
1219:
1204:
1128:
653:
610:
547:
198:
178:
2063:
1447:
1074:
905:
511:
suggested a decrease in construction and economic growth. House sales fell 42 percent in June from a year earlier.
345:
2281:
1488:
1402:
895:
699:
389:
379:
340:
2748:
2015:
1442:
1319:
1054:
1049:
59:
625:
2733:
2043:
1759:
1224:
1158:
1059:
860:
253:
203:
88:
564:
3017:
3007:
2997:
2763:
2422:
1925:
1143:
955:
275:
2957:
2604:
2474:
2239:
2021:
1953:
305:
139:
3012:
3002:
2992:
2673:
2126:
2121:
2080:
2048:
1835:
1753:
2967:
2962:
2809:
2753:
2520:
2316:
2306:
2053:
1339:
1249:
917:
890:
470:
431:. The Oceanic countries suffered minimal impact during this time, in comparison with the impact that
362:
335:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2952:
2206:
1994:
1334:
1089:
965:
853:
39:
2777:
2462:
2415:
2311:
2301:
2291:
2286:
2276:
2156:
2151:
2146:
1667:
1044:
912:
840:
357:
157:
2668:
2479:
2058:
1988:
1820:
1064:
645:
639:
497:
480:
458:
2244:
2227:
2222:
2211:
2174:
2169:
2163:
1774:
1743:
1641:
1414:
1361:
1314:
2633:
2467:
1810:
1655:
1437:
515:
475:
448:
74:
8:
2705:
2685:
1909:
1764:
1672:
1624:
1592:
1573:
1397:
1329:
44:
2912:
2648:
2582:
2447:
2394:
2379:
2369:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2328:
1646:
1614:
1379:
1355:
1013:
986:
669:
2115:
2109:
2103:
1709:
1682:
1619:
1607:
1568:
1537:
1424:
649:
606:
543:
813:
2921:
2720:
2680:
2638:
2196:
2191:
2037:
2026:
1687:
1677:
1587:
1547:
1542:
1517:
1512:
1508:
462:
745:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2837:
2817:
2265:
2255:
2005:
1946:
1941:
1935:
1527:
1373:
876:
424:
125:
24:
2926:
1554:
1532:
1288:
1234:
1018:
791:
724:
300:
223:
145:
133:
2946:
2758:
1982:
1976:
1967:
1961:
1903:
1894:
1885:
1867:
1856:
1844:
1814:
1636:
1003:
998:
981:
432:
310:
2743:
2660:
2556:
2493:
1726:
1719:
1714:
1583:
1578:
1522:
2561:
2534:
2515:
2136:
1692:
1651:
1597:
1367:
1008:
295:
1920:
290:
1731:
1662:
1563:
1559:
538:
Braude, Jacob; Eckstein, Zvi; Fischer, Stanley; Flug, Karnit (2013).
285:
2407:
1283:
280:
845:
2438:
428:
1268:
List of banks acquired or bankrupted during the Great
Recession
767:"New Zealand slashes rates as economy lurches toward recession"
436:
1103:
454:
219:
Government intervention during the subprime mortgage crisis
1134:
Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
641:
The Concise Encyclopedia of The Great Recession 2007-2012
537:
466:
315:
70:
Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
519:
putting the country in its first recession in a decade.
416:
Overview of the impact of the Great Recession in Oceania
788:"New Zealand Economy Shrank 0.2%, Confirming Recession"
565:"Calls for international community to flush the system"
1245:
National fiscal policy response to the Great Recession
455:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
234:
National fiscal policy response to the Great Recession
721:"New Zealand Building Approvals Fall to 22-Year Low"
112:
Government policies and the subprime mortgage crisis
814:"New Zealand's economy grew 0.1% in second quarter"
670:"Special Topic: Recession and recovery in the OECD"
1364:(Europe, Middle East and North Africa, Asia; 2009)
2944:
1172:
628:, International Herald Tribune, January 19, 2009
540:The Great Recession: Lessons for Central Bankers
214:Federal Reserve responses to the subprime crisis
102:Causes of the 2000s United States housing bubble
693:
1215:American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
1080:Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight
189:American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
107:Credit rating agencies and the subprime crisis
2423:
1474:
861:
626:Australia seen sliding into recession in 2009
605:. Sydney: Random House Australia. p. 3.
397:
55:2000s United States housing market correction
1139:Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
209:Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
696:"Australia faces worse crisis than America"
239:Regulatory responses to the subprime crisis
2430:
2416:
1481:
1467:
1276:
1230:Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009
1154:Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility
868:
854:
562:
404:
390:
249:Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility
2455:
1410:Effects of the Great Recession on museums
1240:Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008
1124:China–Japan–South Korea trilateral summit
698:. London: Daily Telegraph. Archived from
637:
542:. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. p. 245.
244:Subprime mortgage crisis solutions debate
229:Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008
152:China–Japan–South Korea trilateral summit
1104:Government policy and spending responses
1070:Government National Mortgage Association
811:
759:
687:
644:. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. pp.
172:Government response and policy proposals
1164:2008 United Kingdom bank rescue package
820:. Vol. 34, no. 18. p. 14
694:Evans-Pritchard, Ambrose (2008-07-29).
584:"The fall of the little Aussie battler"
2945:
600:
581:
2411:
1462:
1149:Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program
1119:Banking (Special Provisions) Act 2008
1102:
1040:Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
849:
769:. London: Daily Telegraph. 2008-09-11
427:of the late 2000s and early 2010s in
194:Banking (Special Provisions) Act 2008
2600:Countries by Human Development Index
2437:
1035:Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
65:2008–2010 automotive industry crisis
2729:Oceania National Olympic Committees
1325:Collateralized mortgage obligations
875:
13:
1785:British credit crisis of 1772–1773
563:Stutchbury, Michael (2008-10-11).
506:There was a substantial number of
97:Causes of the European debt crisis
50:2000s United States housing bubble
14:
3054:
1498:Commonwealth of Nations countries
1420:2007–2008 world food price crisis
1220:Chinese economic stimulus program
1205:2008 European Union stimulus plan
1129:Commercial Paper Funding Facility
834:
199:Chinese economic stimulus program
179:2008 European Union stimulus plan
1448:List of countries by public debt
1075:National Asset Management Agency
746:"New Zealand 'enters recession'"
3028:Economic history of New Zealand
1494:recessions in the United States
1403:2008 Central Asia energy crisis
1320:Collateralized debt obligations
805:
780:
738:
1210:2008–2009 Keynesian resurgence
1055:Federal Housing Finance Agency
1050:Federal Housing Administration
812:Louisson, Simon (2009-09-24).
713:
674:NZ Treasury – treasury.govt.nz
662:
631:
619:
603:The Rise and Fall of Australia
594:
575:
556:
531:
491:
453:Australia is one of the three
184:2008–2009 Keynesian resurgence
1:
3023:Economic history of Australia
1225:Economic Stimulus Act of 2008
1159:Troubled Asset Relief Program
1085:Office of Financial Stability
1060:Federal Housing Finance Board
994:Société Générale trading loss
582:Yeates, Clancy (2008-10-11).
525:
254:Troubled Asset Relief Program
204:Economic Stimulus Act of 2008
2796:Countries by life expectancy
1144:Irish emergency budget, 2009
818:The Wall Street Journal Asia
442:
311:Royal Bank of Scotland Group
276:American International Group
7:
2973:Economic history of Oceania
2240:1997 Asian financial crisis
1873:Civil War-era United States
421:Great Recession in Oceania
10:
3059:
2610:Stock exchanges federation
2016:Post–World War I recession
1836:Post-Napoleonic Depression
1443:2007–2008 financial crisis
1335:Mortgage-backed securities
946:Automotive industry crisis
841:ILO Job Crisis Observatory
495:
446:
60:2007–2008 financial crisis
2906:
2808:
2776:
2739:Australian rules football
2719:
2656:
2647:
2629:
2622:
2590:
2581:
2542:
2533:
2506:Countries and territories
2501:
2492:
2446:
2254:
2190:
2135:
2089:
2004:
1926:2nd Industrial Revolution
1919:
1866:
1859:(1836–1838 and 1839–1843)
1775:1st Industrial Revolution
1773:
1742:
1543:Price-and-wage stickiness
1504:
1433:
1390:
1348:
1340:Secondary mortgage market
1305:
1261:rescues, and acquisitions
1259:Government interventions,
1258:
1250:Zero interest-rate policy
1197:
1109:
1098:
1027:
974:
961:Housing market correction
938:
883:
638:Rosenberg, Jerry (2012).
588:The Sydney Morning Herald
508:finance company collapses
471:Reserve Bank of Australia
3043:2009 in economic history
3038:2008 in economic history
3033:2007 in economic history
2207:1990s United States boom
1995:Financial crisis of 1914
1358:(United States; c. 2009)
1090:UK Financial Investments
975:Banking losses and fraud
966:Subprime mortgage crisis
951:California budget crisis
40:Subprime mortgage crisis
2786:Countries by population
2022:Depression of 1920–1921
1954:Depression of 1882–1885
1868:Early Victorian Britain
1603:Real and nominal values
1376:(worldwide; 2011–2012)
1315:Auction rate securities
1045:Federal Home Loan Banks
19:Part of a series on the
2127:Recession of 1969–1970
2122:Recession of 1960–1961
2081:Recession of 1937–1938
1065:Federal Reserve System
939:United States-specific
748:. BBC News. 2008-08-05
498:Economy of New Zealand
140:G-20 Washington summit
2245:Early 2000s recession
2212:Early 1990s recession
2164:Early 1980s recession
1744:Commercial revolution
1642:Nominal interest rate
1415:Decline of newspapers
1362:2009 May Day protests
1308:and financial markets
1198:Stimulus and recovery
601:Bryant, Nick (2015).
481:New Zealand's economy
2711:World Heritage Sites
1811:Copper Panic of 1789
1438:European debt crisis
1330:Credit default swaps
1306:Securities involved
1112:stability and reform
516:New Zealand Treasury
476:World Economic Forum
449:Economy of Australia
75:European debt crisis
3018:2009 in New Zealand
3008:2008 in New Zealand
2998:2007 in New Zealand
2547:Heads of government
2147:1973–1975 recession
2091:Post–WWII expansion
1765:Great Frost of 1709
1593:Neutrality of money
1574:Classical dichotomy
1490:Economic expansions
1398:2000s energy crisis
1110:Banking and finance
1028:Government entities
45:2000s energy crisis
2958:Economy of Oceania
2329:COVID-19 recession
1989:Panic of 1910–1911
1821:Panic of 1796–1797
1647:Real interest rate
1615:Economic expansion
1380:Occupy Wall Street
1356:Tea Party protests
1014:Scott W. Rothstein
158:G-20 London Summit
3013:2009 in Australia
3003:2008 in Australia
2993:2007 in Australia
2940:
2939:
2804:
2803:
2791:Countries by area
2772:
2771:
2618:
2617:
2577:
2576:
2529:
2528:
2488:
2487:
2405:
2404:
2116:Recession of 1958
2110:Recession of 1953
2104:Recession of 1949
1801:Thirteen Colonies
1608:Velocity of money
1538:Paradox of thrift
1456:
1455:
1425:Retail apocalypse
1370:(MENA; 2010–2012)
1301:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1193:
1192:
1173:Bank stress tests
414:
413:
268:Business failures
3050:
2968:2010s in Oceania
2963:2000s in Oceania
2915:
2654:
2653:
2627:
2626:
2605:Renewable energy
2595:Countries by GDP
2588:
2587:
2540:
2539:
2499:
2498:
2475:Military history
2453:
2452:
2432:
2425:
2418:
2409:
2408:
2197:Great Regression
2192:Great Moderation
2038:Great Depression
2027:Roaring Twenties
1548:Underconsumption
1518:Effective demand
1509:Aggregate demand
1483:
1476:
1469:
1460:
1459:
1349:Social responses
1274:
1273:
1170:
1169:
1100:
1099:
870:
863:
856:
847:
846:
829:
828:
826:
825:
809:
803:
802:
800:
799:
784:
778:
777:
775:
774:
763:
757:
756:
754:
753:
742:
736:
735:
733:
732:
717:
711:
710:
708:
707:
691:
685:
684:
682:
680:
666:
660:
659:
635:
629:
623:
617:
616:
598:
592:
591:
579:
573:
572:
560:
554:
553:
535:
406:
399:
392:
16:
15:
3058:
3057:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3047:
2988:2009 in Oceania
2983:2008 in Oceania
2978:2007 in Oceania
2953:Great Recession
2943:
2942:
2941:
2936:
2918:
2911:
2902:
2800:
2768:
2715:
2643:
2614:
2573:
2557:Pan-Oceanianism
2525:
2484:
2442:
2436:
2406:
2401:
2266:Great Recession
2258:
2256:Information Age
2250:
2199:
2195:
2186:
2139:
2137:Great Inflation
2131:
2093:
2085:
2008:
2006:Interwar period
2000:
1936:Long Depression
1928:
1924:
1915:
1875:
1871:
1862:
1777:
1769:
1746:
1738:
1703:U.S. recessions
1698:U.K. recessions
1630:U.S. expansions
1500:
1487:
1457:
1452:
1429:
1386:
1374:Occupy movement
1344:
1307:
1293:
1272:
1260:
1254:
1189:
1168:
1111:
1105:
1094:
1023:
970:
934:
879:
877:Great Recession
874:
837:
832:
823:
821:
810:
806:
797:
795:
786:
785:
781:
772:
770:
765:
764:
760:
751:
749:
744:
743:
739:
730:
728:
719:
718:
714:
705:
703:
692:
688:
678:
676:
668:
667:
663:
656:
636:
632:
624:
620:
613:
599:
595:
580:
576:
561:
557:
550:
536:
532:
528:
500:
494:
463:Chinese economy
451:
445:
425:great recession
417:
410:
374:
373:
372:
330:
322:
321:
320:
306:Lehman Brothers
270:
260:
259:
258:
173:
165:
164:
163:
154:(December 2008)
148:(November 2008)
142:(November 2008)
128:
126:Summit meetings
118:
117:
116:
91:
81:
80:
79:
34:
25:Great Recession
12:
11:
5:
3056:
3046:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2917:
2916:
2908:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2814:
2812:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2782:
2780:
2774:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2725:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2694:radio stations
2688:
2683:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2674:film festivals
2671:
2663:
2657:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2636:
2630:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2591:
2585:
2579:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2570:
2569:
2559:
2554:
2552:Heads of state
2549:
2543:
2537:
2531:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2502:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2471:
2470:
2459:
2457:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2441: articles
2435:
2434:
2427:
2420:
2412:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2385:United Kingdom
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2326:
2325:
2324:
2319:
2317:United Kingdom
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2262:
2260:
2259:(2007–present)
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2242:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2230:
2228:United Kingdom
2225:
2220:
2209:
2203:
2201:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2175:United Kingdom
2172:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2152:United Kingdom
2143:
2141:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2113:
2107:
2101:
2097:
2095:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2071:
2069:United Kingdom
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2012:
2010:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1992:
1986:
1980:
1974:
1971:
1965:
1959:
1956:
1951:
1950:
1949:
1944:
1942:United Kingdom
1932:
1930:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1907:
1901:
1898:
1892:
1889:
1883:
1879:
1877:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1860:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1842:
1839:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1818:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1781:
1779:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1750:
1748:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1707:
1706:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1660:
1659:
1658:
1649:
1644:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1612:
1611:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1557:
1555:Business cycle
1552:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1533:Overproduction
1530:
1525:
1520:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1486:
1485:
1478:
1471:
1463:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1394:
1392:
1391:Related topics
1388:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1382:
1371:
1365:
1359:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1311:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1291:
1289:General Motors
1286:
1280:
1278:
1271:
1270:
1264:
1262:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1235:Green New Deal
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1176:
1174:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1115:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1021:
1019:Allen Stanford
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
990:
989:
978:
976:
972:
971:
969:
968:
963:
958:
956:Housing bubble
953:
948:
942:
940:
936:
935:
933:
932:
927:
926:
925:
915:
910:
909:
908:
903:
893:
887:
885:
881:
880:
873:
872:
865:
858:
850:
844:
843:
836:
835:External links
833:
831:
830:
804:
779:
758:
737:
712:
686:
661:
654:
630:
618:
611:
593:
574:
569:The Australian
555:
548:
529:
527:
524:
496:Main article:
493:
490:
447:Main article:
444:
441:
415:
412:
411:
409:
408:
401:
394:
386:
383:
382:
376:
375:
371:
370:
365:
360:
355:
354:
353:
348:
338:
332:
331:
328:
327:
324:
323:
319:
318:
313:
308:
303:
301:General Motors
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
272:
271:
266:
265:
262:
261:
257:
256:
251:
246:
241:
236:
231:
226:
224:Green New Deal
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
175:
174:
171:
170:
167:
166:
162:
161:
155:
149:
143:
137:
134:34th G8 summit
130:
129:
124:
123:
120:
119:
115:
114:
109:
104:
99:
93:
92:
87:
86:
83:
82:
78:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
36:
35:
32:
31:
28:
27:
21:
20:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3055:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2910:
2909:
2905:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2807:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2775:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2722:
2718:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2646:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2628:
2625:
2621:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2491:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2445:
2440:
2433:
2428:
2426:
2421:
2419:
2414:
2413:
2410:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2390:United States
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2332:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2323:
2322:United States
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2269:
2268:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2234:
2233:United States
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2193:
2189:
2181:
2180:United States
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2157:United States
2155:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2148:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2074:United States
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1983:Panic of 1907
1981:
1978:
1977:Panic of 1901
1975:
1972:
1969:
1968:Panic of 1893
1966:
1963:
1962:Baring crisis
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1948:
1947:United States
1945:
1943:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1918:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1904:Panic of 1866
1902:
1899:
1896:
1895:Panic of 1857
1893:
1890:
1887:
1886:Panic of 1847
1884:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1869:
1865:
1858:
1857:Panic of 1837
1855:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1845:Panic of 1825
1843:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1815:Panic of 1792
1812:
1809:
1806:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1760:Slump of 1706
1758:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1668:Balance sheet
1666:
1665:
1664:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1638:
1637:Interest rate
1635:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1484:
1479:
1477:
1472:
1470:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1304:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1257:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1108:
1101:
1097:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1004:Bernie Madoff
1002:
1000:
999:Forex scandal
997:
995:
992:
988:
985:
984:
983:
982:Libor scandal
980:
979:
977:
973:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
943:
941:
937:
931:
928:
924:
921:
920:
919:
916:
914:
911:
907:
906:South America
904:
902:
901:United States
899:
898:
897:
894:
892:
889:
888:
886:
882:
878:
871:
866:
864:
859:
857:
852:
851:
848:
842:
839:
838:
819:
815:
808:
793:
789:
783:
768:
762:
747:
741:
726:
722:
716:
702:on 2008-07-31
701:
697:
690:
675:
671:
665:
657:
655:9780810883406
651:
647:
643:
642:
634:
627:
622:
614:
612:9780857989024
608:
604:
597:
589:
585:
578:
570:
566:
559:
551:
549:9780262018340
545:
541:
534:
530:
523:
520:
517:
512:
509:
504:
499:
489:
485:
482:
477:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
450:
440:
438:
434:
433:North America
430:
426:
422:
407:
402:
400:
395:
393:
388:
387:
385:
384:
381:
378:
377:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
352:
351:United States
349:
347:
346:South America
344:
343:
342:
339:
337:
334:
333:
326:
325:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
273:
269:
264:
263:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
205:
202:
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
176:
169:
168:
159:
156:
153:
150:
147:
144:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
127:
122:
121:
113:
110:
108:
105:
103:
100:
98:
95:
94:
90:
85:
84:
76:
73:
71:
68:
66:
63:
61:
58:
56:
53:
51:
48:
46:
43:
41:
38:
37:
33:Major aspects
30:
29:
26:
23:
22:
18:
17:
2778:Demographics
2463:Colonisation
2307:South Africa
2296:
2271:
2064:South Africa
1910:Black Friday
1727:Unemployment
1584:Money supply
1579:Disinflation
1523:General glut
929:
822:. Retrieved
817:
807:
796:. Retrieved
794:. 2008-09-26
782:
771:. Retrieved
761:
750:. Retrieved
740:
729:. Retrieved
727:. 2008-07-29
715:
704:. Retrieved
700:the original
689:
677:. Retrieved
673:
664:
640:
633:
621:
602:
596:
587:
577:
568:
558:
539:
533:
521:
513:
505:
501:
486:
452:
420:
418:
367:
160:(April 2009)
2759:Rugby union
2699:TV stations
2375:New Zealand
2333:2020–2022;
2297:New Zealand
2270:2007–2009;
2216:1990–1991;
2200:(1982–2007)
2168:1980–1982;
2140:(1973–1982)
2118:(1957–1958)
2112:(1953–1954)
2106:(1948–1949)
2094:(1945–1973)
2059:New Zealand
2042:1929–1939;
2018:(1918–1919)
2009:(1918–1939)
1991:(1910–1912)
1985:(1907–1908)
1979:(1902–1904)
1970:(1893–1897)
1964:(1890–1891)
1940:1873–1879;
1929:(1870–1914)
1912:(1869–1870)
1906:(1865–1867)
1897:(1857–1858)
1888:(1847–1848)
1876:(1840–1870)
1847:(1825–1826)
1838:(1815–1821)
1823:(1796–1799)
1817:(1789–1793)
1789:1772–1774;
1778:(1760–1840)
1756:(1430–1490)
1754:Great Slump
1747:(1000–1760)
1693:Stagflation
1652:Yield curve
1598:Price level
1368:Arab Spring
1277:Non-banking
1009:Tom Petters
492:New Zealand
296:Freddie Mac
136:(July 2008)
2947:Categories
2744:Basketball
2686:Literature
2456:Chronology
2340:Bangladesh
2277:Bangladesh
1921:Gilded Age
1673:Depression
1625:Stagnation
824:2009-11-17
798:2008-09-26
773:2008-09-12
752:2008-08-10
731:2008-08-10
706:2008-07-30
526:References
291:Fannie Mae
2734:Athletics
2634:Languages
2494:Geography
2468:Europeans
2380:Singapore
2335:Australia
2312:Sri Lanka
2272:Australia
2218:Australia
2044:Australia
2034:1926–1927
2031:1923–1924
1997:(1913–14)
1973:1899–1900
1829:1807–1810
1826:1802–1804
1807:1785–1788
1732:Sahm rule
1663:Recession
1564:Inflation
1560:Deflation
987:Tom Hayes
884:By region
792:Bloomberg
725:Bloomberg
443:Australia
286:Citigroup
146:APEC Peru
2922:Category
2764:Swimming
2749:Football
2706:Religion
2562:Politics
2535:Politics
2365:Malaysia
2350:Botswana
2302:Pakistan
2292:Malaysia
1796:Scotland
1656:Inverted
1620:Recovery
1284:Chrysler
896:Americas
469:and the
423:was the
380:Timeline
341:Americas
281:Chrysler
2913:Outline
2810:By year
2681:Cuisine
2665:Cinema
2649:Culture
2623:Society
2583:Economy
2567:parties
2516:Regions
2511:Islands
2480:Slavery
2448:History
2439:Oceania
2370:Namibia
1958:1887–88
1900:1860–61
1891:1853–54
1882:1845–46
1853:1833–34
1850:1828–29
1841:1822–23
1791:England
1683:Rolling
1569:Chronic
930:Oceania
923:Iceland
679:29 July
429:Oceania
368:Oceania
329:Regions
2927:Portal
2754:Hockey
2690:Media
2521:Rivers
2395:Zambia
2355:Canada
2345:Belize
2282:Canada
2247:(2001)
2223:Canada
2170:Canada
2049:Canada
1720:Supply
1715:Demand
1688:Shapes
1678:Global
1588:demand
1513:Supply
918:Europe
891:Africa
652:
609:
546:
439:felt.
437:Europe
363:Europe
336:Africa
89:Causes
2721:Sport
2669:films
2639:Women
2360:India
2287:India
2054:India
1710:Shock
1528:Model
2932:Maps
2898:2022
2893:2021
2888:2020
2883:2019
2878:2018
2873:2017
2868:2016
2863:2015
2858:2014
2853:2013
2848:2012
2843:2011
2838:2010
2833:2009
2828:2008
2823:2007
2818:2006
2100:1945
1832:1812
1496:and
1492:and
1185:U.S.
913:Asia
681:2017
650:ISBN
607:ISBN
544:ISBN
514:The
435:and
419:The
358:Asia
2661:Art
467:IMF
459:GDP
316:UBS
2949::
1180:EU
816:.
790:.
723:.
672:.
648:.
646:32
586:.
567:.
2431:e
2424:t
2417:v
2194:/
1923:/
1870:/
1813:/
1654:/
1586:/
1562:/
1511:/
1482:e
1475:t
1468:v
869:e
862:t
855:v
827:.
801:.
776:.
755:.
734:.
709:.
683:.
658:.
615:.
590:.
571:.
552:.
405:e
398:t
391:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.