299:
692:
684:
704:
756:
732:
724:
1192:
1216:
452:
591:
1200:
1208:
83:
1224:
748:
716:
264:
559:
1407:
310:
1184:
740:
167:
902:. Opened by the Board of Ordnance in 1805, its structure is similar to other British magazines of this period except for the fact that the exterior is more ornamented here than elsewhere (probably in deference to its setting) with a Palladian style portico and other features. The magazine provided the army with a stock of gunpowder in the capital, in case of 'foreign invasion or popular uprising'. It remained in
1168:
1102:. The castle was recognized as unsuitable for this role as early as 1808 when a new magazine (since demolished) was built on an adjacent site; another, of similar design, was added in 1857. The latter, which still stands, is described as 'a particularly fine magazine building of the 1850s, distinguished by its historicist style' and 'the most impressive example of a magazine using the catenary arch system'.
1176:
39:
891:) "the most outstanding example of a typically British type of magazine, with twin barrel vaults, that relates to a critical period in Britain's growth as a naval power in the decades after the Seven Years' War." Inside, a good number of original features have survived, including some unique wooden overhead cranes, early forerunners of the
354:: A gunpowder magazine was built on St. John Demi-Bastion sometime between the 1620s and 1693. Two other magazines were built on St. Martin Cavalier and St. John Cavalier in 1701. The magazines at St. John Demi-Bastion and St. John Cavalier are still intact, while the one on St. Martin Cavalier collapsed in the nineteenth century.
674:
Gunpowder magazines survive at several locations in the UK. It can be seen that, in many cases, the gunpowder was stored in locations which were both remote from habitations and could be made secure. They were also often sited in dense woodland (or had trees planted around them) as a way of lessening
1378:
The 1870 print shows that it was placed in a remote situation, a golf-course being developed around it in later years and when this closed it remained, still fairly remote, in a small park next to the old manse. Ironically, Irvine is close to the site of the old Nobel ICI explosives plant at Ardeer,
1139:
includes four magazines dating from 1806 to 1810, along with another built in 1857. The magazines stand in their own compound apart from the main storehouses within a containing wall. Each magazine is separated from its neighbour by an earth-filled 'traverse' building, designed to absorb the impact
959:
The buildings are mostly still in place within the MOD Bull Point RNAD site: all of one style, mostly ashlar with rock-faced dressings, they are said by
English Heritage to comprise "both the finest ensemble in any of the Ordnance Yards and a remarkable example of integrated factory planning of the
874:
The
Ministry of Defence finally closed and sold the site in 1962, and several buildings were demolished to make way for a new housing estate. Some significant original buildings remain, however: the clock tower, the proofing house (in which samples of new consignments were tested) and one magazine.
866:
Purfleet was centred on five large magazines, each one capable of holding up to 10,400 barrels of gunpowder. These substantial brick-built sheds were windowless, with copper-lined doors and sand-filled roof voids – all designed to prevent (or mitigate the effects of) an explosion. By the end of the
951:
before its disbandment in 1856. Bull Point was and is unusual in the unity and precise purpose of its design: rather than developing gradually over time, it was planned as a whole, and with a particular view to meeting the storage needs of emerging new types of artillery. Four
Magazines were built
1231:
The remains of old storage magazines are prominent in the landscape around the old Nobel's
Explosives site in Ayrshire, many protected by large earth banks which acted as blast walls; these are not all gunpowder magazines, as the site has long been associated with other explosives, particularly
1053:); both still stand flanked by two buildings, the former cooperage and the shifting house, which, along with the magazines, are listed buildings. The magazines remained in use until the 1950s. The surrounding land is earmarked for future redevelopment as part of the Tipner Regeneration scheme.
372:: Two magazines were built in 1727–29 on St Helen's Bastion and St Anthony's Bastion. The latter was demolished in 1872 to make way for gun emplacements, but the one on St Helen's Bastion still survives and was restored in 2004. The British built smaller magazines in the fort as well.
1011:. Construction was begun in 1771 and the magazine was in use by 1777. A cooperage and shifting house were built alongside at the same time, together with a 'rolling way' for moving gunpowder barrels between the magazine and a nearby wharf; together with the Magazine they are all
771:
and sited at a safe distance from them to the south. It is a solid stone building, heavily buttressed, windowless, stone roofed and enclosed by a stone wall. Along with
Purfleet and Tilbury it is one of the few surviving eighteenth-century gunpowder magazines in the country.
289:
Island (which at the time was an ordnance depot), is dominated by a magazine complex dating from 1808; it held up to 25,000 barrels, and was the principal store for the whole of
Ireland. In 2007 it was restored and converted into Ireland's first crematorium outside Dublin.
1370:
were saved by
Provost R M Hogg for restoration of the Powder House, a rescue assisted by Rev. Ranken of the Old Parish Church. It was repaired in 1961 and again in 1992 by Irvine Development Corporation. It is an attractive and well built octagonal building topped by a
239:
to help defend the
Kingdom against attack. They were one of three royal gunpowder factories; but the Ballincollig mills became disused after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. They were sold off by the government in 1832, in a semi-derelict condition; but were bought by a
1045:, began to implement a policy of dividing gunpowder stored at the principal coastal locations, and storing it across several sites in the vicinity (to make it less vulnerable to a targeted attack). At Portsmouth, this led to the building of a new magazine at
1067:
Two magazines have survived (one of 1814–16, one of 1856) along with some ancillary buildings (one of which is now home to
Marchwood Yacht Club). None of the other magazines has survived, mainly due to the damage that was sustained across the site during
804:
down a ventilator shaft into the magazine which held 3 tons (3 tonnes) of gunpowder, causing the magazine to explode. The fort was reused in both the First and Second World Wars; and additional expense magazines constructed. The fort is now owned by the
255:. The magazine is protected by earthen banks on two sides; with doors at both ends. The No. 1 magazine is newer; and was built sometime after 1828. It is 80-foot (24.5 m) long by 25-foot (7.6 m) wide and has solid walls, but is now roofless.
925:(later supplemented by a small magazine at the New Gun Wharf (Morice Yard) in 1720); but space was limited and people were living close by, so the Board sought a new, more isolated spot for its Magazines. They first settled on a site at
570:, by the British military in 1821; it is still standing. It usually carried about 273 kg gunpowder, 7,000 ball cartridges and 60 rifles as stock. In 1870 the British military built a powder magazine in the Northern Cape town of
824:
was refitted for this purpose, and by 1657 the entire building, apart from the chapel, was being used to store gunpowder. Gunpowder was still being stored there when the
Ordnance Board was disbanded in the mid-nineteenth century.
340:, which was sparsely populated, to avoid another disaster. Various other magazines were built over the years, and their designs were influenced by French military architecture, particularly the style of
1665:
863:, but fears of an explosion there prompted the building of this new establishment further afield. The purpose of Purfleet was to store newly manufactured gunpowder, prior to its distribution elsewhere.
1064:. Movement of gunpowder barrels within the complex was by canal. Four more magazines were added in 1856, and by 1864 Marchwood was Britain's largest magazine complex with capacity for 76,000 barrels.
1298:
contained two powder magazines; both located high up on Dumbarton Rock. The oldest went out of use in 1748, being replaced by a new Magazine designed by William Skinner. The new magazine, located on
952:(1851–54) each holding 10,000 barrels. These were followed by a series of other buildings specifically designed for particular uses. From the start, the site was fully integrated with the adjacent
1607:
929:
Point (just north of Morice Yard) in 1775; but with that land required for an expansion of the Dockyard in the mid-19th century a new site was acquired further to the north, at Bull Point.
629:
From the 18th century, efforts began to be made to site magazines away from inhabited areas. Nevertheless, storage at the older established sites persisted well into the 19th century.
1332:
vaults, which sit on stone pillars. To prevent sparks, no iron fittings are used in the magazine: the wooden floor is held by wooden dowels; and the doors and shutters sheathed with
806:
385:
Ras Ħanżir: A magazine was built in 1756 outside the fortified settlements for safety. It still exists, although it was altered by the British when it was incorporated into the
1140:
of an explosion – the first time large magazines had been provided with traverses. Like all the main buildings at Weedon, the magazines lie along the bank of a branch of the
118:: both applications required storage magazines. Most magazines were purely functional and tended to be in remote and secure locations. They are the successor to the earlier
800:, were also built. No. 3 magazine exploded on 3 July 1900 destroying most of the barracks. Gunner Hains was killed. It was concluded that he had killed himself by firing a
360:: A magazine was built within the fort sometime after 1690, possibly on the site of an older gunpowder factory. It still exists with some modifications made by the British.
1347:, Scotland is a rare survival and was possibly first constructed in 1642, as records show that orders for large quantities of gunpowder were met in 1643, 1644, and 1646.
1098:
was reassigned from serving as an artillery fort to be 'a Place of Store and Magazine'. Thenceforward, barrels of gunpowder were transferred to Upnor, primarily from the
640:
from the later 19th century. Gunpowder production in the United Kingdom was gradually phased out during the mid-20th century. The last remaining gunpowder mill at the
978:
in 1716 to remove the gunpowder, as they were worried about the hazards it posed to the town, but nothing was done at that time. A further petition was sent to the
244:
merchant and were reopened to manufacture gunpowder; finally closing, just over a century ago, in 1903. Many buildings survive and, together with the associated
1159:. It stored gunpowder for use in the numerous lead workings in the area and was last used as a candle factory. All lead working in the dale ceased around 1911.
1398:
in which urns had been found. A powder magazine was built into this large pre-existing earth mound at an unknown date and the site is now in a housing scheme.
788:. It had a large, underground, main gunpowder magazine, 15-foot (4.5 m) by 18-foot (5.5 m) by 20-foot (6.1 m) high, built to the recommendations of the 1863
60:
2051:
789:
1666:"One World – Protecting the most significant buildings, monuments and features of the Maltese islands (42) Ras Hanzir Polverista and ancillary structures"
1320:
was designed to hold 2,500 barrels of gunpowder. It was constructed between 1757 and 1759; and was built strong enough to withstand a direct hit from a
906:
hands until 1963, after which it served as a storage facility. Since 2013 it has had a new lease of life, having been refurbished and extended by Dame
971:, started in 1494; and from the end of the 16th century until 1779 it was used as a powder magazine, with a capacity of 12,000 barrels of gunpowder.
248:, were incorporated into a regional park – Ballincollig Regional Park. The site contains a number of powder magazines, as well as Expense magazines.
1615:
940:). Built to replace the earlier small magazine, which stood at the centre of the site, this is Britain's oldest surviving naval ordnance magazine.
956:
Royal Powder Works on Kinterbury Creek (established in 1805), where damaged powder was treated before being passed on to Bull Point for storage.
251:
The No. 2 magazine was built by the Board of Ordnance and is the oldest magazine. It is 29-foot (8.9 m) long by 28-foot (8.6 m) wide. It has a
879:
and now houses the Purfleet Heritage and Military Centre, a vast collection of local and military memorabilia open to the public. According to
325:
1144:
for ease of transport. In 1827 the four magazines contained 10,500 barrels of powder, along with 1,463,700 ball and 693,746 blank cartridges.
1466:
1379:
which from the mid-1930s become the centre of gunpowder manufacture in Britain; and was the last site in Britain to manufacture gunpowder.
784:
built to defend the British, Irish and Channel Island coastlines. It was originally built in stages between 1862 and 1870; to protect the
428:
232:
411:
in 1807. The British built a new magazine to replace it in 1829. Other smaller magazines were also built by the British within the fort.
378:: A magazine was built in Vendôme Bastion in 1745, and it was converted into an armoury in the 19th century. Until 2014 it housed the
298:
47:
1362:, and accomplished by 1801; its use was discontinued in 1880. The last use of the building was by Davidson the Ironmonger who stored
1355:
should have powder magazines. The saltpetre derived from deposits in byres, stables and doocots would be stored in the Powder House.
2026:
1122:
395:: A magazine was built in around 1760 on Guardian Angel Bastion. It has an oval shape and a conical roof, and it is still standing.
691:
2126:
2081:
1999:
1947:
1916:
1850:
1451:
1788:
1007:
authorised the construction of a gunpowder magazine inside the ramparts to avoid having to store gunpowder in the Square Tower,
1171:
The remote situation of a gunpowder magazine near Kilmarnock in 1819. It had gone by 1880 because of the expansion of the town.
1637:
1823:
1762:
1113:). Still more magazines were built close by at Lodge Hill, from 1898, primarily for storing the recently developed explosive
982:
in 1767 following an explosion which caused extensive damage. This led to the construction of the Priddy's Hard magazine at
1432:
1038:
1031:
903:
663:
gunpowder factory which closed in 1954. This left the sole United Kingdom gunpowder factory at ICI Nobel's Ardeer site in
1129:
868:
641:
416:
2131:
2086:
2004:
1952:
1921:
1855:
1292:
and had two gunpowder magazines; the older one was built some distance from the works. The quarries closed before WW2.
226:
2322:
2281:
2251:
2230:
2205:
1982:
1899:
1745:
1575:
1061:
683:
703:
532:
341:
1528:
1415:
1125:
remained in military ownership until the mid-2010s, when the MOD marketed the land for housing and commercial use.
1030:
in 1891. Priddy's Hard became a Naval Armaments Depot, finally closing in 1977. The magazine now forms part of the
1004:
2055:
1277:
stands close to the sea cliffs. It was used to store gunpowder for the battery and for the 8am daily cannon shot.
1179:
Irvine circa 1870. The Old parish kirk, manse and gunpowder magazine are prominent on the right bank of the river.
2375:
145:
1776:
1042:
975:
755:
723:
821:
731:
623:
598:
Production of gunpowder in England appears to have started in the mid-13th century with the aim of supplying
231:
The Ballincollig gunpowder mills were first opened in the late 18th century and were bought, in 1804, by the
1975:
The Royal Naval Armaments Depots of Priddy's Hard, Elson, Frater and Bedenham (Gosport, Hampshire) 1768–1977
849:, which face each other across the River Thames. Two sizeable magazines of 1716 remain in place at Tilbury.
2365:
2110:
2039:
1876:
1834:
1424:
1191:
1110:
205:
1510:
1480:
944:
379:
610:
existed at the Tower in 1461. Gunpowder was also being made or stored at other royal residences such as
1490:
1474:
1470:
1313:
1285:
876:
178:
155:
632:
The use of gunpowder for both military and civil engineering purposes began to be superseded by newer
1500:
1442:
1136:
859:
and opened in 1765, with a garrison in place to protect it. Previously, gunpowder had been stored on
150:
989:
The Square Tower still exists. After 1779 it was used for other purposes; including employment as a
1289:
451:
1390:
and still exists in very poor condition as of 2007. It is near Little Onthank on the outskirts of
1049:
Point in 1796–8. A second magazine was added in 1856 (part of a policy of expansion following the
1456:
922:
856:
759:
Alternating magazine and traverse buildings (left) inside the boundary wall (right) at Weedon Bec
671:; it too closed in October 1976. Since then gunpowder has been imported into the United Kingdom.
590:
336:, but this exploded in 1634, killing 22 people. After the explosion, a new magazine was built in
52:
1199:
648:
in 1941 and it never reopened. This was followed by the closure of the gunpowder section at the
1532:
1460:
1215:
649:
614:(the reason being that these were where the royal armouries were based). It was also stored in
567:
87:
1693:
1083:. It is now a residential house and a landmark for the many walkers of the ancient Roman road
855:
Royal Gunpowder Magazine was established by Act of Parliament in 1760, built to the design of
1309:
917:
In Plymouth the Board of Ordnance set up Powder Magazines to serve the fleet and defences of
344:. The British, who took over Malta in 1800, also built a number of magazines on the islands.
1733:
1545:
1079:
was built during the 17th century by the Le Strange Family as a gunpowder store during the
99:
20:
2152:
8:
1438:
1428:
1148:
860:
801:
547:
321:
282:
272:
140:
2370:
1306:
roof, with double doors and indirect ventilation. It was designed to hold 150 barrels.
1091:
911:
764:
660:
637:
134:
82:
2318:
2277:
2247:
2226:
2222:
2201:
1978:
1895:
1758:
1741:
1571:
1207:
1141:
1080:
1027:
1019:
979:
948:
899:
828:
817:
657:
351:
236:
183:
115:
28:
464:
2314:
2122:
2077:
1995:
1943:
1912:
1846:
1801:
1494:
1484:
1295:
996:
884:
880:
780:
768:
619:
611:
476:
366:: A magazine on De Redin Bastion was proposed in the 1720s, but it was never built.
2311:
Dangerous Energy: The archaeology of gunpowder and military explosives manufacture
1132:, including its Grand Magazine, first constructed in 1804 and rebuilt in 1867–68.
2040:
English Heritage National Survey of Ordnance Yards and Magazine Depots, pp 50–52.
1387:
1363:
1359:
1321:
1243:
A gunpowder magazine was located near the site of the Low Well in the village of
1156:
1099:
846:
813:
785:
775:
603:
440:
398:
386:
375:
357:
1366:
here for the miners. When the Golffields wash-house was demolished in 1924, its
1223:
747:
263:
199:
1877:
English Heritage National Survey of Ordnance Yards and Magazine Depots, pp40-46
1670:
1642:
1447:
1344:
1340:
1274:
1259:
1152:
1012:
990:
937:
918:
867:
eighteenth century, Purfleet was receiving regular consignments of powder from
664:
579:
558:
528:
408:
110:
for safety. Gunpowder, until superseded, was a universal explosive used in the
90:
showing the elevation, cross-section, and plan of a proposed gunpowder magazine
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
1812:
715:
2359:
1694:"Magiran | روزنامه دنیای اقتصاد (1392/09/10): باروتخانه ای که دیگر نیست"
1522:
1504:
1406:
1383:
1263:
926:
575:
519:. Nothing remains of this building today, and its exact location is unknown.
516:
404:
392:
314:
792:. The magazine still exists. A further two, smaller, underground magazines,
1372:
1352:
1303:
1095:
964:
892:
842:
607:
460:
276:
119:
1386:, Scotland at Knockinglaw (now Knockenlaw mound); it is shown on the 1896
1118:
1072:. The depot closed in 1961; the site is now primarily a residential area.
1514:
1084:
1060:, where three magazines were built in 1814–16 to an innovative design by
1050:
653:
542:
537:
369:
303:
286:
252:
195:
816:
included a 'powderhous' within its walls. With the establishment of the
656:, the section was closed and demolished at the end of World War II, and
1518:
1391:
1237:
1106:
1087:; it is said that a secret passageway led from the house to the coast.
1023:
1008:
968:
953:
907:
820:
there, its use as a gunpowder store increased. In the Tudor period the
571:
309:
2111:
English Heritage National Survey of Ordnance Yards and Magazine Depots
1420:
Gunpowder magazines survive at the following locations, among others:
898:
A sizeable magazine stands in the unexpected surroundings of London's
594:
Tilbury: a unique pair of early 18th-century magazines within the fort
1183:
1076:
1069:
1057:
645:
599:
436:
241:
103:
24:
1738:
Brean Down Fort: Its History and the Defence of the Bristol Channel
1588:
1348:
1281:
1267:
1254:
An explosives magazine at the old Hessilhead limestone Quarry near
1233:
852:
708:
668:
633:
615:
337:
333:
329:
111:
2276:
Pub. Ayrshire Arch. & Nat. Hist. Soc. Ayrshire Monograohs 29.
1167:
1151:
still stands near the ruins of the Charles Bathurst Smelt Mill in
739:
166:
130:
Historic magazines were at the following locations, among others:
1395:
1175:
1114:
986:(see below), in a remote area, across the water from Portsmouth.
983:
888:
835:
332:
were used to store gunpowder. The Order also built a magazine in
107:
38:
1333:
1244:
1046:
512:
490:
1358:
Plans for rebuilding it were made in 1781, at the time of the
1187:
The old Powder or Pouther magazine at Irvine dating from 1642.
427:
In the Netherlands three gunpowder magazines still exist. The
1367:
1329:
1325:
1255:
1248:
1018:
Both the fort and the magazine came under the control of the
602:. Records show that gunpowder was being made in 1346, at the
432:
363:
245:
2197:
1343:
for Powder) House in Irvine (Map reference: NS 3238 3847),
1000:
574:(also still standing) in case of war with the neighbouring
1772:
1770:
1757:
Parnell, Geoffrey (1993), The Tower of London, Batsford,
1608:"Arx Occasional Papers – Hospitaller Gunpowder Magazines"
1056:
Another magazine depot for Portsmouth was established at
1709:
Cocroft (2000). Chapter 1: "Success to the Black Art!".
871:, to provide both the Navy and the Army with supplies.
751:
Magazine of 1857 (centre) alongside Upnor Castle (left)
1767:
1105:
In 1877, five more new magazines were built inland at
324:
built a number of gunpowder magazines in Malta during
1723:
Cocroft (2000). Chapter 4: "The demise of gunpowder".
1568:
Ballincollig Royal Gunpowder Mills: a hidden history
2121:
2076:
1994:
1942:
1911:
1845:
841:The Board of Ordnance maintained magazines at both
626:began as a private enterprise in the 16th century.
1401:
1219:Detail of locking mechanism of Dockra Powder House
2341:YouTube video of Victorian Black Powder magazines
2336:YouTube video footage of the Culzean Powder House
2127:"Details from listed building database (1393292)"
2082:"Details from listed building database (1077931)"
2000:"Details from listed building database (1387240)"
1948:"Details from listed building database (1393247)"
1917:"Details from listed building database (1276026)"
1851:"Details from listed building database (1378553)"
2357:
1562:
1560:
1497:, located northwest of the fort's parade grounds
313:Gunpowder magazine on Guardian Angel Bastion at
838:as a powder magazine in the late 19th century.
502:), and later the Gunpowder Magazine of Tehran (
419:also had their own magazines or storage areas.
401:: Magazines were built on some of the bastions.
2106:
2104:
743:Magazine, the old gunpowder store at Sedgeford
735:The 18th-century 'A' Magazine at Priddy's Hard
407:: The fort's magazine was blown up during the
1557:
1227:The gunpowder magazine of Dockra Powder House
974:The inhabitants of Portsmouth petitioned the
503:
497:
484:
1630:
947:) Bull Point was the last great work of the
883:, it represents (along with the magazine at
875:This magazine, No. 5, has been designated a
439:(the oldest, built in 1618–1620) and one in
302:Gunpowder magazine on St Helen's Bastion at
220:
2101:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1705:
1703:
233:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
102:(building) designed to store the explosive
2211:
1022:until 1855; control passing, first to the
936:at Morice Yard (which today forms part of
328:. Until the end of the sixteenth century,
2236:
2175:
2173:
1886:
1884:
1835:Gallery website: history and future plans
1535:, located within the Nature Park section.
1128:Gunpowder magazines still survive at the
2351:YouTube video of the Irvine Powder House
2219:Fort George: The Official Souvenir Guide
1977:. Winchester: Hampshire County Council.
1712:
1700:
1441:, a neighborhood and landmark rotary in
1405:
1222:
1214:
1206:
1198:
1190:
1182:
1174:
1166:
754:
746:
738:
730:
722:
714:
702:
690:
682:
589:
557:
450:
308:
297:
262:
192:Cole Island, Esquimalt, British Columbia
189:Parc de l'Esplanade, Quebec City, Quebec
165:
81:
63:of all important aspects of the article.
2186:
1813:Purfleet Heritage & Military Centre
1605:
1566:Webb, Jenny and Donaldson, Ann (2006).
1452:Cambridgeport, Cambridge, Massachusetts
1410:Camp Parapet Powder Magazine, Louisiana
1351:, of Scotland, had instructed that all
1266:and a larger section for the sticks of
496:Gunpowder Manufacturing of Yusef Abad (
2358:
2170:
1967:
1881:
1686:
1203:Internal detail of Dockra Powder House
642:Royal Gunpowder Factory, Waltham Abbey
347:Gunpowder magazines in Malta include:
59:Please consider expanding the lead to
2287:
2157:
1280:Dockra limestone quarry lies between
422:
2266:
2263:Irvine & its Burns Club, Page 35
1789:"The Powder Magazine Near Greenwich"
1433:National Register of Historic Places
1032:Explosion! Museum of Naval Firepower
943:The Royal Navy Ordnance Base (later
32:
1894:. Chichester: Phillimore & Co.
1892:Portsmouth: In Defence of the Realm
1726:
1589:"Welcome to the Island Crematorium"
1130:Waltham Abbey Royal Gunpowder Mills
504:
498:
485:
480:
13:
2346:YouTube video of Dynamite magazine
2132:National Heritage List for England
2087:National Heritage List for England
2005:National Heritage List for England
1953:National Heritage List for England
1922:National Heritage List for England
1856:National Heritage List for England
1606:Spiteri, Stephen C. (2 May 2012).
553:
285:, midway between the mainland and
227:Ballincollig Royal Gunpowder Mills
14:
2387:
2329:
2183:, Pub. Blackie & son. London.
2027:"Portsmouth City Council website"
1501:Fort Point National Historic Site
1312:was built between the end of the
1109:(the two sites being linked by a
585:
511:), was a gunpowder magazine near
271:There is a surviving magazine at
2274:Vernacular Building in Ayrshire.
2194:Dumbarton Castle: Official Guide
1529:Enterprise South Industrial Park
1416:Powder Magazine (disambiguation)
1123:Chattenden and Lodge Hill depots
707:Royal Gunpowder Magazine No. 5,
471:Gunpowder magazines were called
37:
16:Building used to store gunpowder
2303:
2257:
2146:
2115:
2070:
2044:
2033:
2019:
1988:
1936:
1905:
1870:
1839:
1828:
1817:
1806:
1795:
1781:
1751:
1402:In the United States of America
1211:The door of Dockra Powder House
522:
258:
170:Fort William gunpowder magazine
146:Spectacle Island (Port Jackson)
125:
120:powder towers and powder houses
51:may be too short to adequately
1802:Thurrock Local History Society
1658:
1599:
1581:
1570:. Dublin: Nonsuch Publishing.
1507:, located on the ground floor.
1247:, also known as The Den, near
1043:Master General of the Ordnance
976:Master General of the Ordnance
61:provide an accessible overview
1:
1740:. Cossington: Hawk Editions.
1551:
1382:An unusual example exists in
1090:In 1668, following the Dutch
767:was built in 1745 to service
727:Bull Point Barracks Gatehouse
675:the effect of any explosion.
578:and subsequently used in the
215:
2052:"New Forest Council website"
1425:Camp Parapet Powder Magazine
1137:Ordnance Depot at Weedon Bec
999:began life as Priddy's Hard
932:A magazine of 1744 survives
834:was moored in the Thames at
618:, in royal castles, such as
562:Bathurst Old Powder Magazine
446:
267:Camden Fort Meagher Magazine
206:Fort William Historical Park
161:
7:
2297:. Pub. Elliot Stock. P .85.
2295:Prehistoric Man in Ayrshire
1824:Listed building information
1539:
1511:Powder Magazine (Camp Drum)
1481:Jefferson Ordnance Magazine
1273:A restored powder house at
1162:
687:Gunpowder magazine, Berwick
622:. Gunpowder manufacture at
515:which was built during the
293:
137:, Saltwater River, Victoria
10:
2392:
2309:Cocroft, Wayne D. (2000).
1491:Fort Richardson State Park
1475:National Historic Landmark
1471:Charleston, South Carolina
1413:
1314:Jacobite rebellion of 1745
912:Serpentine Sackler Gallery
877:Scheduled Ancient Monument
763:The Gunpowder Magazine in
678:
566:A magazine was erected in
275:, part of the defences of
224:
179:Citadel Hill (Fort George)
156:Dry Creek explosives depot
18:
2181:The Works of Robert Burns
2179:Wilson, Professor.(1870)
2165:The History of Kilmarnock
2163:McKay, Archibald (1880).
1505:San Francisco, California
1443:Somerville, Massachusetts
1195:Dumbarton Castle magazine
415:In addition, some of the
326:their rule of the islands
221:Ballincollig, County Cork
151:North Arm Powder Magazine
2242:Strawhorn, John (1985).
1612:MilitaryArchitecture.com
1262:had a small section for
644:was damaged by a German
174:There are magazines at:
1732:van der Bijl, Nicholas
1457:Hessian Powder Magazine
1394:, and was originally a
857:James Gabriel Montresor
778:was one of a number of
719:The Magazine, Hyde Park
2376:Fortifications by type
2217:MacIvor, Iain (1996).
2192:MacIvor, Iain (1981).
2153:Local authority report
1973:Semark, H. W. (1997).
1777:listed building report
1593:The Island Crematorium
1533:Chattanooga, Tennessee
1477:and listed on the NRHP
1461:Carlisle, Pennsylvania
1411:
1228:
1220:
1212:
1204:
1196:
1188:
1180:
1172:
812:As early as 1461, the
760:
752:
744:
736:
728:
720:
712:
700:
688:
650:Royal Ordnance Factory
595:
563:
509:Bārūt-Khāneh-ye Tehrān
468:
417:coastal fortifications
317:
306:
268:
208:, Thunder Bay, Ontario
171:
91:
88:Benjamin Henry Latrobe
2272:Hume, John R. (2004)
2244:The History of Irvine
1890:Sadden, John (2001).
1638:"Polverista restored"
1409:
1226:
1218:
1210:
1202:
1194:
1186:
1178:
1170:
963:Building work on the
758:
750:
742:
734:
726:
718:
706:
694:
686:
593:
561:
454:
312:
301:
266:
186:, Quebec City, Quebec
169:
85:
2293:Smith, John (1895).
2246:. Pub. John Donald.
1618:on 15 September 2017
1546:Magazine (artillery)
1487:, listed on the NRHP
1463:, listed on the NRHP
1075:Magazine Cottage in
1062:Sir William Congreve
499:باروت سازی یوسف آباد
21:History of gunpowder
2366:Gunpowder magazines
1674:. 26 September 2009
1439:Powder House Square
1429:Metairie, Louisiana
1149:Old Powder Magazine
861:Greenwich Peninsula
568:Bathurst, East Cape
548:Fort Tanjong Katong
435:, the Kruithuis in
380:National War Museum
322:Order of Saint John
273:Camden Fort Meagher
141:Goat Island, Sydney
2167:. Pub. Kilmarnock.
2058:on 21 January 2015
1412:
1251:, North Ayrshire.
1229:
1221:
1213:
1205:
1197:
1189:
1181:
1173:
1092:Raid on the Medway
1003:; however in 1768
919:Devonport Dockyard
765:Berwick-upon-Tweed
761:
753:
745:
737:
729:
721:
713:
701:
699:at Beckton, London
689:
596:
564:
469:
423:In the Netherlands
318:
307:
269:
253:groin-vaulted roof
211:Fort York, Toronto
172:
96:gunpowder magazine
92:
2223:Historic Scotland
1763:978-0-7134-6864-9
1646:. 2 December 2007
1142:Grand Union Canal
1081:English Civil War
1037:In the 1780s the
1020:Board of Ordnance
991:semaphore station
980:Board of Ordnance
949:Board of Ordnance
921:initially at the
818:Board of Ordnance
455:A drawing of the
237:Board of Ordnance
184:Citadel of Quebec
116:civil engineering
78:
77:
29:Gunpowder warfare
2383:
2315:English Heritage
2298:
2291:
2285:
2270:
2264:
2261:
2255:
2240:
2234:
2215:
2209:
2190:
2184:
2177:
2168:
2161:
2155:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2123:Historic England
2119:
2113:
2108:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2078:Historic England
2074:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2054:. Archived from
2048:
2042:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2012:
1996:Historic England
1992:
1986:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1944:Historic England
1940:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1913:Historic England
1909:
1903:
1888:
1879:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1847:Historic England
1843:
1837:
1832:
1826:
1821:
1815:
1810:
1804:
1799:
1793:
1792:
1785:
1779:
1774:
1765:
1755:
1749:
1730:
1724:
1721:
1710:
1707:
1698:
1697:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1662:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1614:. Archived from
1603:
1597:
1596:
1585:
1579:
1564:
1495:Jacksboro, Texas
1485:Jefferson, Texas
1431:, listed on the
1296:Dumbarton Castle
1039:Duke of Richmond
881:English Heritage
790:Royal Commission
781:Palmerston Forts
769:Berwick Barracks
620:Edinburgh Castle
612:Greenwich Palace
507:
506:
501:
500:
488:
487:
482:
86:1809 drawing by
73:
70:
64:
41:
33:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2381:
2380:
2356:
2355:
2332:
2306:
2301:
2292:
2288:
2271:
2267:
2262:
2258:
2241:
2237:
2216:
2212:
2191:
2187:
2178:
2171:
2162:
2158:
2151:
2147:
2137:
2135:
2120:
2116:
2109:
2102:
2092:
2090:
2075:
2071:
2061:
2059:
2050:
2049:
2045:
2038:
2034:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2010:
2008:
1993:
1989:
1972:
1968:
1958:
1956:
1941:
1937:
1927:
1925:
1910:
1906:
1889:
1882:
1875:
1871:
1861:
1859:
1844:
1840:
1833:
1829:
1822:
1818:
1811:
1807:
1800:
1796:
1791:. 31 July 2013.
1787:
1786:
1782:
1775:
1768:
1756:
1752:
1731:
1727:
1722:
1713:
1708:
1701:
1692:
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1687:
1677:
1675:
1664:
1663:
1659:
1649:
1647:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1621:
1619:
1604:
1600:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1565:
1558:
1554:
1542:
1467:Powder Magazine
1418:
1404:
1360:Napoleonic Wars
1165:
1157:North Yorkshire
1100:Tower of London
1026:, and then the
1005:King George III
847:New Tavern Fort
814:Tower of London
786:Bristol Channel
776:Brean Down Fort
681:
604:Tower of London
588:
556:
554:In South Africa
525:
505:باروتخانه تهران
449:
441:Wierickerschans
425:
399:Cottonera Lines
387:Corradino Lines
358:Fort St. Angelo
296:
261:
229:
223:
218:
164:
135:Jack's Magazine
128:
74:
68:
65:
58:
46:This article's
42:
31:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2389:
2379:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2331:
2330:External links
2328:
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1699:
1685:
1671:Times of Malta
1657:
1643:Times of Malta
1629:
1598:
1580:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1548:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1526:
1521:, part of the
1508:
1498:
1488:
1478:
1464:
1454:
1448:Magazine Beach
1445:
1436:
1403:
1400:
1345:North Ayrshire
1318:Grand Magazine
1316:and 1769. The
1304:barrel-vaulted
1275:Culzean Castle
1260:North Ayrshire
1164:
1161:
1153:Arkengarthdale
1147:The hexagonal
1013:Grade I listed
938:HMNB Devonport
807:National Trust
802:ball cartridge
798:No. 3 magazine
794:No. 2 magazine
680:
677:
665:North Ayrshire
646:parachute mine
587:
586:United Kingdom
584:
580:Anglo-Boer War
555:
552:
551:
550:
545:
540:
535:
529:The Battle Box
524:
521:
465:Eugène Flandin
463:in Tehran, by
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55:the key points
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2282:0-9542253-2-5
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2252:0-85976-140-1
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2239:
2232:
2231:0-7480-1078-5
2228:
2224:
2221:. Edinburgh:
2220:
2214:
2207:
2206:0-11-490830-3
2203:
2199:
2196:. Edinburgh:
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1983:1-85975-132-6
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1760:
1754:
1747:
1746:0-9529081-7-4
1743:
1739:
1735:
1729:
1720:
1718:
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1706:
1704:
1695:
1689:
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1613:
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1602:
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1590:
1584:
1577:
1576:1-84588-540-6
1573:
1569:
1563:
1561:
1556:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1523:Drum Barracks
1520:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1502:
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1426:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1408:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1384:East Ayrshire
1380:
1376:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1339:The Pouther (
1337:
1335:
1331:
1328:roof laid on
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1278:
1276:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1264:blasting caps
1261:
1257:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1225:
1217:
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1201:
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1177:
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997:Priddy's Hard
994:
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987:
985:
981:
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966:
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955:
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941:
939:
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930:
928:
924:
923:Royal Citadel
920:
915:
913:
909:
905:
901:
896:
894:
890:
886:
885:Priddy's Hard
882:
878:
872:
870:
869:Waltham Abbey
864:
862:
858:
854:
850:
848:
844:
839:
837:
833:
832:
826:
823:
819:
815:
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808:
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583:
581:
577:
576:Griqua people
573:
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560:
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546:
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541:
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536:
534:
530:
527:
526:
520:
518:
517:Qajar dynasty
514:
510:
494:
492:
478:
474:
466:
462:
458:
457:Barout khaneh
453:
444:
442:
438:
434:
430:
420:
418:
410:
406:
405:Fort Ricasoli
403:
400:
397:
394:
393:Fort Chambray
391:
388:
384:
381:
377:
376:Fort St. Elmo
374:
371:
368:
365:
362:
359:
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316:
315:Fort Chambray
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69:November 2020
62:
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35:
34:
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26:
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2310:
2304:Bibliography
2294:
2289:
2273:
2268:
2259:
2243:
2238:
2218:
2213:
2193:
2188:
2180:
2164:
2159:
2148:
2136:. Retrieved
2130:
2117:
2091:. Retrieved
2085:
2072:
2060:. Retrieved
2056:the original
2046:
2035:
2021:
2009:. Retrieved
2003:
1990:
1974:
1969:
1957:. Retrieved
1951:
1938:
1926:. Retrieved
1920:
1907:
1891:
1872:
1860:. Retrieved
1854:
1841:
1830:
1819:
1808:
1797:
1783:
1753:
1737:
1728:
1688:
1676:. Retrieved
1669:
1660:
1648:. Retrieved
1641:
1632:
1620:. Retrieved
1616:the original
1611:
1601:
1592:
1583:
1567:
1419:
1381:
1377:
1373:weather cock
1357:
1353:Royal burghs
1338:
1317:
1308:
1299:
1294:
1279:
1272:
1253:
1242:
1230:
1146:
1134:
1127:
1104:
1096:Upnor Castle
1089:
1074:
1066:
1055:
1036:
1017:
1015:structures.
995:
988:
973:
965:Square Tower
962:
958:
942:
933:
931:
916:
897:
893:gantry crane
873:
865:
851:
843:Tilbury Fort
840:
830:
827:
811:
797:
793:
779:
774:
762:
696:
673:
631:
628:
608:powder house
597:
565:
538:Fort Sentosa
533:Fort Canning
523:In Singapore
508:
495:
473:Bārūt-Khāneh
472:
470:
461:powder tower
456:
426:
414:
346:
330:echauguettes
319:
283:Rocky Island
281:
277:Cork Harbour
270:
259:Cork Harbour
250:
230:
200:Île-aux-Noix
173:
129:
126:In Australia
95:
93:
79:
66:
50:
48:lead section
2313:. Swindon:
2138:3 September
2093:3 September
1515:Los Angeles
1324:. It has a
1310:Fort George
1135:The former
1085:Peddars Way
1051:Crimean War
822:White Tower
658:ICI Nobel's
654:ROF Chorley
543:Fort Siloso
370:Fort Manoel
304:Fort Manoel
287:Haulbowline
196:Fort Lennox
2360:Categories
2062:21 January
2011:21 January
1552:References
1519:California
1414:See also:
1392:Kilmarnock
1286:Broadstone
1238:ballistite
1107:Chattenden
1024:War Office
1009:Portsmouth
969:Portsmouth
954:St Budeaux
908:Zaha Hadid
638:explosives
572:Fraserburg
352:Cittadella
216:In Ireland
106:in wooden
19:See also:
2371:Gunpowder
1862:31 August
1077:Sedgeford
1070:The Blitz
1058:Marchwood
1028:Admiralty
993:in 1817.
960:period".
910:, as the
900:Hyde Park
829:HMS
624:Faversham
600:The Crown
486:باروطخانه
481:باروتخانه
447:In Persia
437:Den Bosch
429:Kruithuis
242:Liverpool
162:In Canada
104:gunpowder
53:summarize
25:Gunpowder
2284:. P. 59.
2254:. P. 69.
1736:(2000).
1678:14 March
1650:14 March
1622:14 March
1540:See also
1525:complex.
1349:James VI
1302:, has a
1300:The Beak
1290:Gateside
1282:Barrmill
1268:Dynamite
1234:dynamite
1163:Scotland
853:Purfleet
709:Purfleet
669:Scotland
634:nitrogen
616:Scotland
493:(Iran).
338:Floriana
334:Valletta
294:In Malta
202:, Quebec
114:and for
112:military
100:magazine
1959:26 June
1928:26 June
1396:tumulus
1364:carbide
1336:sheet.
1115:cordite
1111:railway
984:Gosport
934:in situ
889:Gosport
836:Beckton
711:, Essex
679:England
636:-based
477:Persian
108:barrels
2321:
2280:
2250:
2229:
2204:
1981:
1898:
1761:
1744:
1574:
1435:(NRHP)
1368:slates
1334:copper
1322:mortar
1245:Barkip
1047:Tipner
927:Keyham
831:Talbot
697:Talbot
661:Roslin
513:Tehran
491:Persia
467:, 1840
342:Vauban
246:canals
27:, and
1450:, in
1341:Scots
1330:brick
1326:slate
1256:Beith
1249:Beith
1119:Upnor
489:) in
483:, or
433:Delft
364:Mdina
98:is a
2319:ISBN
2278:ISBN
2248:ISBN
2227:ISBN
2202:ISBN
2198:HMSO
2140:2016
2095:2016
2064:2015
2013:2015
1979:ISBN
1961:2015
1930:2015
1896:ISBN
1864:2016
1759:ISBN
1742:ISBN
1680:2015
1652:2015
1624:2015
1572:ISBN
1473:, a
1288:and
1236:and
1001:Fort
945:RNAD
845:and
796:and
695:HMS
606:; a
459:, a
320:The
1734:BEM
1258:in
904:MOD
887:in
531:at
431:in
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2125:.
2103:^
2084:.
2080:.
2002:.
1998:.
1950:.
1946:.
1919:.
1915:.
1883:^
1853:.
1849:.
1769:^
1714:^
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1668:.
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1388:OS
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1985:.
1963:.
1932:.
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1595:.
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389:.
382:.
71:)
67:(
57:.
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